Tesi sul tema "Medical-social"
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1
MacDonald, Malcolm. "The social construction of medical discourse". Thesis, University of Warwick, 1994. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/3980/.
Abstract (sommario):
The social construction of the discourse of medical institutions is analysed, drawing on both speech act and structural theories. Discourse is defined as a symbol system which has an ideological effect. This effect is linked to the maintenance of the interests of hegemonic social groups. Michel Foucault's archaeological method accords primacy to the relations which exist between institutional and social processes in the formation of discursive relations. Foucault's genealogical method also describes how the identity of the modern subject is constituted within the power nexus of coercive institutions. Medical discourse is paradigmatic of Basil Bernstein's model of pedagogic discourse. Pedagogic discourse is constructed according to the intrinsic grammar of the pedagogic device. This comprises distributive, recontextualizing and evaluative rules. These operate in three institutional contexts: the field of production, the field of reproduction and the recontextualizing field. M. A. K. Halliday's systemic linguistics defines three metafunctions of the text which operate in relation to its context of situation: the textual, ideational, and interpersonal. The textual characteristics of three principal modalities, or genres, of medical text are described in relation to their institutional contexts: the medical research report within the field of production, the medical interview within the field of reproduction and the medical textbook within the recontextualizing field. As a medical text shifts from the field of production to the recontextualizing field, certain transformations take place in the ideational options of tense, transitivity and process and the interpersonal options of modality. These syntactic transformations, organized by codes of the pedagogic device, symbolically authorize the recontextualized medical text.
2
Danielsson, Magnus. "Intersexuality, and its medical and social implications". Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för hälsa och samhälle (HS), 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-25042.
Abstract (sommario):
This is a theoretical study of intersexuality and of its medical and social implications. My interest of inquiry includes both exploring, describing and explaining. One could say that this study is a form of qualitative analysis of contents. The aim of the study is to fill a gap and to raise awareness of the notion intersex. The conclusions show that social models of explanation to today’s paradigm of intervention are valid.
3
Prior, Lindsay Francis. "The social organisation of death : medical discourse and social practices in Belfast". Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1985. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU361809.
Abstract (sommario):
This is a study of the manner in which death is organised in the city of Belfast. It is concerned with the analysis of the principles, practices, and forms of knowledge which serve to organise the dead from the moment at which physical death is pronounced until the moment of disposal. The thesis is presented in two parts. Part One is entitled Public Bodies. It focuses, in the main, upon the discourse through which individual deaths in particular, and mortality patterns in general, are explained, described, and analysed by state agents and agencies. Chapter One examines the principles according to which causes of death are discovered and allocated. Chapter Two switches attention to modes of death, and examines the use of categories of natural and unnatural death. Chapter Three focuses upon the discourse of modern pathology as it operates within the confines of the city mortuary. And, Chapter Four, concentrates upon the General Register Office, and the principles according to which it collects, collates, and produces data on Belfast mortality patterns. The second part of the thesis is entitled Private Death. Here, the point of focus shifts to the examination of the activities and forms of thought which operate outside of, and beyond the official state agencies. Chapter Five presents an investigation of the organisational principles through which death is ordered within the cemetery, the city, and the hospital. Chapter Six, investigates the ways in which sentiments of the bereaved are structured in relation to the dead. Whilst Chapter Seven focuses upon the organisation of body, soul, and social being during the phase of disposal. The final chapter examines the interpenetration of Belfast politics and political ideologies with the social practices which surround the disposal of the dead. The methodological basis of the study is outlined in Appendix A.
4
Bergsma, Lynda Joan. "Ideological reproduction and social control in medical education". Diss., The University of Arizona, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/282392.
Abstract (sommario):
This sociological study of medical school culture employed a critical framework for analysis of ideological reproduction and social control. A literature review provided a social-historical context for the empirical findings that focused on student-faculty discourse at one college of medicine during the third-year Family and Community Medicine clerkship. Data collection consisted of audio recording and observation in both classroom and clinical settings. A depth hermeneutical analysis was used to answer three research questions. For question 1, "What is the macro medical social context within which ideologies are being reproduced and received in medical education?" a literature review on recent trends in health care delivery and medical education elucidated the social-historical conditions in which ideological and social control constructs are embedded today. The principal finding was that the U.S. health system is embroiled in a revolution, characterized by the frequently contradictory ideologies of medical advocacy and business allocation. For question 2, "What are the principal ideological and social control messages being reproduced in medical education?" a discursive analysis of faculty-student dialogue was structured around eight thematic elements. Findings revealed that medical education does not prepare students to think critically about social and environmental issues that cause 85% of illness in our society, with faculty dominance often acting as a major deterrent. The principal messages being reproduced extended from a therapeutic ideology that promotes the physician's definition/control of patient problems. Also found was a deeply conflictual relationship between managed and medical care. For question 3, "How does the meaning mobilized by these ideological messages in medical education serve to establish and sustain relations of domination and social control?" an interpretive process clarified how ideology and social control sustain relations of power that systematically confound and effectively eliminate social justice in health care. Because the right to define the patient's problem gives the physician extraordinary power, the drive to reach a differential diagnosis is extremely strong, and gaining diagnostic expertise is medical education's consuming focus. As a result, students leave medical school prepared for their professional social control role, while uncritically accepting the inequitable and illness-causing social, economic, and political ideologies of our time.
5
Billings, Debra Leigh. "How medical social workers manage interdisciplinary team conflict". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1994. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/932.
6
Mora, Erika. "IMPLICATIONS OF VICARIOUS TRAUMA IN MEDICAL SOCIAL WORKERS". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/730.
Abstract (sommario):
Medical Social Workers are placed in fast pace environments with little time to process their feelings after being exposed to their client’s traumatic stories. The study assessed the implications of vicarious trauma on medical social workers and its impact on client outcomes. The current study utilizes a sample of 20 medical social workers employed in hospital settings across San Bernardino County. Social Work personnel were asked to take The Secondary Traumatic Stress Scale, which measurements are most congruent to the DSM-5 criteria of Secondary Traumatic Stress. To assess the relationship between Secondary Trauma and demographic characteristics of the social worker, an ANOVA and Post-Hoc test were conducted on SPSS to analyze data. This study will assist social workers in recognizing implications to their vicarious trauma and seek intervention before it manifests into their patient relationship. Policies that require social workers to be evaluated for vicarious traumatization would be advantageous and decrease turnover rates among medical social work.
7
Vera, Adriana, e Elena Marie Rendon. "THE ROLE OF SPIRITUALITY IN MEDICAL SOCIAL WORK". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/857.
Abstract (sommario):
Incorporating spiritually-involved interventions into the treatment process for chronically ill patients is a trending subject in the field of medical social work. Literature suggests the integration of spirituality with patients diagnosed with a chronic medical illness appear to influence patient’s resiliency level. However, the lack of information and knowledge on the topic suggests medical social workers are still in the process of learning how to utilize spirituality as a form of intervention. This study explores how medical social workers in the Inland Empire perceive the practice of spirituality on resilience levels in adults diagnosed with a chronic medical illness. The data is collected through audio recordings from individual interviews with each participant. The audio recordings are transcribed into transcripts to identify themes and common categories among the participants. The results analyzed call for future research to continue on how to incorporate spirituality into the social work practice in the Inland Empire.
8
Waring, Justin J. "The social construction and control of medical errors : a new frontier for medical/managerial relations?" Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2004. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/11819/.
Abstract (sommario):
This thesis explores changes in medical professional work and regulation in the context of emerging 'patient safety' health policies. The study engages with three components of this policy. First, to what extent is the concept of error promoted in theory and policy being taken up within managerial practice and is this coterminous with the medical interpretation and construction of error? Second, how do medical professionals regard the introduction of new reporting systems to collect information about errors in their work? Third, what new organisational systems are being developed to analyse and control errors and how do these diverge with those approaches advocated and practiced by medical professionals? It has been estimated that one in ten of all inpatient admissions experience some form of error in the delivery of care, totalling 850,000 events a year. Given such findings a new policy framework is being developed to improve 'patient safety' in the NHS. Following the Human Factors approach a new error management system is being introduced that consists of incident reporting procedures for the collection of information about errors, matched by techniques to identify the "root causes", and promote organisational change. Of importance for this thesis is the impact of policy on established forms of medical regulation. Through predominantly qualitative research techniques, this study has been carried out within a single NHS hospital case-study involving medical and managerial occupational groups. The empirical findings suggest, firstly, that the medical construction of error is indeed divergent from that advocated in policy and practiced in management and leads to distinct trajectories for the control of error. Secondly, medical professionals are generally disinclined to participate in managerial forms of incident reporting, and where such a system is in place there is a high degree of localised professional leadership. Thirdly, it was found that alongside new managerial systems for the control of errors, there were also a range of professional-led systems embedded within medical work and the local organisation of the hospital that had precedence of other centralised hospital systems. In consequence, the ability of managerial systems to penetrate the working environment of medicine was negligible. In conclusion, it is argued that while this policy could appear to challenge the basis of medical professional regulation the social, cultural and structural context of medical work is adapting to maintain a high degree of medical control and resist managerial encroachment.
9
Green, James. "The social construction of medical unorthodoxies in cancer treatment /". Title page, contents and conclusion only, 1991. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09MSB/09msbg796.pdf.
10
Boyd, Gyda D. "Beliefs About Animal Assisted Interventions Among Medical Social Workers". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/408.
Abstract (sommario):
Animal‑Assisted Intervention (AAI) is used to significantly reduce pain, lower blood pressure, decrease anxiety, and help ease depression in people with a range of health problems; however, it is not readily used in the hospital setting. Research involving the Human‑Animal Bond (HAB) is well established, yet most social workers receive no special training or coursework about this topic as it applies to working with patients or consumers. This study sought to understand the beliefs about AAI among medical social workers in healthcare settings in order to gauge what knowledge and degree of exposure they may have had to AAI. Eighteen randomly selected social workers, holding MSW, ASW, LMSW or LCSW credentials, employed from 6 months to 26 years in hospital or cancer clinic settings across the United States were interviewed by phone, recorded, and their comments transcribed. Nine specific themes were identified. Fifteen of the 18 medical social workers had no formal training, workshop or class discussion during undergraduate or graduate school training. No one had any on the job training, unless they purposefully sought it out, as three did. All participants agreed that they would like to know more about AAI to incorporate into their workplace in order to better inform patients, doctors, nurses and staff about the benefits of animals as a natural healing modality.
11
Limon, Emilee. "CHALLENGES MEDICAL SOCIAL WORKERS FACE THAT LEAD TO BURNOUT". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/687.
Abstract (sommario):
ABSTRACT
This study explored the challenges medical social workers face that lead to burnout. Currently, there is literature on burnout among health care providers and social workers, but not specifically on social workers in the medical field. The current study aimed to fill this gap in literature. Due to the lack of literature, the study used an exploratory, qualitative design. The study utilized individual interviews with a non-random purposive sample of nine medical social workers currently employed at Kaiser Permanente’s Fontana/Ontario Social Services Department. Interviews with participants were recorded and transcribed. Transcriptions were analyzed using thematic analysis. Major themes that emerged were organizational challenges, challenges working in multidisciplinary teams, working in the medical field, and limited resources. The study’s findings aim to increase awareness of the issue of burnout among medical social workers and to contribute to the implementation of interventions or policies within health care settings to prevent burnout among medical social workers.
12
Covarrubias, Brandy Marie, e Vizcaya Eloisa Cisneros. "UNDERSTANDING SOCIAL SUPPORT AMONG DIALYSIS PATIENTS: A STUDY ON MEDICAL SOCIAL WORKERS ENHANCING SOCIAL SUPPORT FOR PATIENTS". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/871.
Abstract (sommario):
Patients receiving dialysis treatment experience immense changes in their health and well-being, therefore receiving adequate social support services is an integral aspect of their care plan. Thus, the purpose of this study was to gain an understanding about social support services offered by social workers to patients receiving dialysis care. Furthermore, this study sought to develop awareness about additional services need to assist social workers in providing social, emotional, and physical support to patients. This qualitative study used data from a non-probability snowball sample of 10 social workers that work with patients receiving dialysis care. Findings of this study are significant to social work practice as the analysis provided insight that may enhance current practices in dialysis centers. Furthermore, the qualitative analyses gathered through the one-on-one interviews led to the emergence of seven central themes. Themes anticipated by the researchers included the perception about the ability to provide social, emotional, and physical support, as well as to highlight the role of social workers in this healthcare setting. Additional themes identified during this study focused on reasons for patients lacking social support, the scarcity of resources, and recommendations corroborated with first-hand experiences in the field to better serve patients. Recommendations included increased focus on providing therapeutic services within dialysis, additional transportation options for patients, and greater availability of resources to meet the various needs of patients.
13
Russell, Ginny. "Diagnosing autism spectrum disorders in children : medical and social perspectives". Thesis, University of Exeter, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10036/3188.
Abstract (sommario):
In this submission, five articles are presented examining one theme: diagnosis of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in children. Three articles provides perspectives on various social and medical factors that influence the diagnosis of ASD, and the others examine social and behavioural outcomes for children diagnosed with ASD. One article provides an in depth examination of the dilemmas of diagnosis from a parental perspective. The research utilized both qualitative and quantitative methods. A secondary analysis of a longitudinal birth cohort study revealed that there were a number of children who had autistic traits equally severe as those with clinical diagnosis. Further analysis exposed a possible gender bias in diagnosis. Outcomes for children with ASD diagnoses were worse than for those without diagnoses but with comparable behaviours as preschoolers. ASD diagnosis apparently had no positive effect on the developmental trajectory of prosocial behaviour. The implications of these results are discussed. Analysis of qualitative data collected in semi-structured interviews with parents of both diagnosed and undiagnosed children exposed dilemmas faced by parents as they contemplated an ASD diagnosis and highlighted parental action to de-stigmatise the condition after diagnosis had been applied. The body of work as a whole falls at the junction of clinical and educational psychology, developmental psychology, social psychology, social psychiatry, sociology and epidemiology. It draws attention to a number of social processes that contribute to ASD diagnosis. Overall, it is argued, the work supports the conceptualisation of ASD as both a biologically and socially determined condition.
14
Wong, Chui-chui, e 黃翠翠. "A re-examination of the roles of medical social work". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1990. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31248767.
15
Khattab, Umi Manickam. "Television, audiences and medical science : the social construction of AIDS". Thesis, University of Leicester, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/34593.
Abstract (sommario):
Although Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (Aids) is both a social and a medical problem, scholars largely concur that it has been imbued with meanings beyond its medical signification. Attempts to objectify the reality of Aids by authoritative claimants within medical science, within the news media and between them seem to have produced multiple realities of the disease. This study rejects the moral panic argument of early research on Aids and proposes instead the social problems constructionist theory and the critical argument of medicalisation. Empirical evidence, obtained through content analysis of all United States national news networks-ABC, NBC, CBS, PBS-and five local Chicago news networks---WGN-9, WTW-11, WBBM-2, WLS-7 and WMAQ-5---as well as survey of 200 students and 200 non-students in the city of Chicago, point out disjunctures in the representation of Aids and responses to Aids messages. However, no major differences were observable between networks in the coverage of Aids news and between groups of respondents, no major differences were observable with regard to knowledge and understanding of Aids. Generally, network television news was noted to give prominent, medically metaphorised coverage to Aids. While television news discourse appeared to have demedicalised homosexuality due in large measure to gay activism, children and race seemed medicalised. Subtly, television news tended to perpetuate a particular set of values providing as such common definitions of reality through the consensual depiction of normal and deviant. Television Aids news discourse seemed not to accurately reflect the actual incidence of Aids among groups of people in the United States or the actual difficulties of Aids research within medical science. Incongruencies were noted between audiences' construction of Aids and television portrayal of Aids as well as the real world of Aids. Although audiences were well-informed about Aids, sympathetic toward PWAs and largely denied Aids was a homosexual disease, yet they mostly blamed television for constructing Aids as a homosexual disease which they mostly said was not realistic. Furthermore, the more educated light viewers were somewhat more skeptical and critical of television presentation of Aids. Constructionists argument that social problems are not objective conditions is supported by highlighting the role of television news in the initial stage of the definitional process of social problems and underscoring that illnesses, such as Aids, tend to be impregnated with denial and blame in the construction of reality. Television, based on news values, made claims by selectively representing the claims, interest and values of the powerful.
16
Burrows, Daniel. "Social work within a medical setting : an ethnographic study of a hospital social work team". Thesis, Cardiff University, 2018. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/111557/.
Abstract (sommario):
This thesis reports on an ethnography of a hospital social work team in Wales. The aim of this study was to explore the nature of the statutory social work role within hospitals, to examine how hospital social workers do their work, and to shed light on how social work fits into the hospital context. My findings indicate that hospital social workers face constant pressure from managers and clinicians to expedite patient discharges, and exclude almost all other tasks from their role. Their daily work is a sequence of bureaucratic tasks, focused on management of the failing body, often to the exclusion of considering the wider social or psychological needs of the patient. Drawing on the work of Bauman, I argue that the bureaucratic and managerial systems in which hospital social workers operate produce dehumanising practices and distance decision makers from the human consequences and moral dimensions of their decisions. Even within these systems, however, some levels of discretion are maintained and hospital social workers use their discretion in a variety of ways. The hospital social workers in this study consistently expressed values derived from anti-discriminatory practice and, despite the constraints they encountered, were able to perform work that showed a concern for social justice, human rights and empowerment at the individual’s level. Thus, I argue that hospital social work in the UK is driven by liberal, rather than radical values, and is largely unconcerned with addressing wider issues of structure, social disadvantage and oppression. The hospital social work role involves the co- ordination of knowledge provided by clinical professions, which must then be processed to match the needs of the patient to the services that are available. Social workers are outsiders within the hospital setting and there is a considerable amount of distrust between them and the clinical professionals, which occasionally manifests in open conflict. I draw on Goffman’s dramaturgical insights to analyse how social workers manage their position within the hospital and draw on his theory of frame analysis to understand the way conflicts arise. Hospital social workers maintain a distinct identity within the hospital that is tied to their liberal values. I argue that their practices can be interpreted both as arising from the zeitgeist of liquid modernity and as adapting to the human need brought about by liquid modernity. I suggest that social work must either pursue individual liberation further, following the liberal values currently underpinning these hospital social workers’ practice, or adopt a more radical or critical approach in seeking to influence government policies around social care.
17
Lo, Oi-sheung Anne. "A study of different perspectives on the quality of health care and its implication for medical social service /". [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1992. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13417496.
18
Awire, Eddy Ighele. "Social and structural factors affecting the culture of medical migration in Nigeria : insights from four public medical schools". Thesis, Queen Margaret University, 2017. https://eresearch.qmu.ac.uk/handle/20.500.12289/8979.
Abstract (sommario):
Background: The loss of doctors from low income countries through migration is a major concern. In Nigeria, one of several ’push’ factors implicated in the migration of doctors is a ‘culture of migration’ prevalent in medical schools. This culture has policy implications; retention schemes and policies are less likely to be effective if the targets of such schemes are being prepared for export during their medical school training. Little is known about the drivers of a ‘culture of migration’ in Nigeria and their influence on the aspirations of medical students to emigrate after graduation. Aim and Objectives: The aim of the thesis is to define and assess the scope of a ‘culture of migration’ in Nigerian medical schools. Objectives are: (1) To examine attitudes and intentions to migrate among medical students in Nigerian medical schools (2) To examine medical education in Nigeria and its influence on medical students’ aspirations to migrate after graduation, (3) To understand the influence of social networks on medical students’ aspirations and intentions to migrate after graduation in Nigeria. Methods: A two-phased mixed methods design was employed. In the first phase of the study, a structured questionnaire survey was conducted to assess the defining features and extent of a ‘culture of migration’ in four medical schools in Nigeria. In the second phase, a flexible, embedded multiple case study of two schools was employed to explore in-depth the reasons and the mechanisms through which a ‘culture of migration’ is propagated. Results: 211 out of a total of 580 final year students in six medical schools participated in the survey, aged between 20 and 45 years. Almost two-thirds (63.5%) of respondents had positive views on medical migration, while close to half (41.7%) showed a positive aspiration to migrate after graduation. Respondents’ ‘views on migration’, ‘gender’, and ‘family migration history’ were found to be the predictors of respondents’ aspirations to migrate after graduation. This study found evidence of factors characteristic of the existence of a culture of migration in the medical schools studied: a long history of migration, positive attitudes towards migration, and high aspirations to migrate. However, the strength of this evidence varies across the schools depending on the availability of support structures for migration; one school showed compelling evidence, another showed little, while the other two showed characteristics that were between those two extremes. Students’ dissatisfaction with the general situation in Nigeria, and a dysfunctional medical education system, leaves them feeling inadequate, and in need of further training abroad. These aspirations are furthered by students’ day-to-day interactions with the medical school faculty, and by the backing they receive from social institutions. Students and young medical graduates prepare for their migration projects by taking advantage of the support provided by their family, social networks, and support of their training institutions. Discussion/Conclusion: Medical students and medical graduates will continue to migrate from Nigeria because the culture in their training institutions encourages them to do so; the stronger the institutional support for migration the stronger the evidence of a culture of migration. Retention schemes aimed at keeping doctors in Nigeria must therefore include concerted efforts to change the institutional support for migration and the resulting ’culture of migration’. This will require policies that introduce exit requirements for medical school graduates, as well as improvements in funding for both medical education and the healthcare systems and revamping of the national social infrastructure in Nigeria. Better training facilities, better treatment of resident doctors, and greater availability of residency training places might encourage medical students and graduates to consider a professional future in Nigeria.
19
Vouitsis, Elpida. "Camille Pissarro's Turpitudes sociales : challenging the medical model of social deviance". Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=98591.
Abstract (sommario):
The French temperance movement during the nineteenth century believed that it had discovered the source of social problems when it linked accidents, conjugal violence and crime to an increase in alcohol consumption by the working classes. In a swift attempt to curb these societal ills, the campaign led by the medical community targeted the working classes in France. This instigated the further alienation of the masses and allowed government officials to promote its own agenda of moral reform. In an effort to expose the elitist intentions of this state run temperance movement, this thesis analyzes four images from Camille Pissarro's unpublished album, Turpitudes Sociales of 1889, which represent similar imagery but with an opposite message. I will analyze these images from Pissarro's unpublished work in order to shed light on his incorporation of class relations and depiction of the bourgeoisie's negative impact on the French working classes.
20
Hawkins, Joy. "The blind in later Medieval England : medical, social and religious responses". Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.551146.
Abstract (sommario):
This interdisciplinary project brings together sources from a wide range of disciplines (including medicine, literature and art history) to demonstrate that ophthalmic complaints were among the most common ailments experienced by English men, women and children during the later Middle Ages and to examine how individuals coped with severe eye injuries and diseases on a daily basis. My doctoral thesis seeks to explore the medical, social and religious responses to the blind in later medieval England. The first section of this study investigates the various aspects of daily life which proved detrimental to the eyesight; the second part examines medical responses to these problems and explores the wide-range of physical therapies available, which could be tailored to suit all pockets; and the third co~siders the options available if medical treatment proved impossible or unsuccessful. The fortunate few found accommodation in hospitals and almshouses run by monastic orders and lay fraternities; many others chose to embark on long journeys to shrines and other holy sites to seek help from God and his saints. This thesis will also examine the two apparently contradictory theological explanations for blindness during the Middle Ages: was it bestowed by a loving and benevolent God to protect his children from further sin and temptation, or was it an outward sign of a sinful soul?
21
Bevan, Michael. "The social context of medical practice : gynaecology in Glasgow 1850-1914". Thesis, University of Essex, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.315625.
22
McIntosh, Trudi. "Social and cognitive influences on prescribing decisions among non-medical prescribers". Thesis, Robert Gordon University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10059/2741.
Abstract (sommario):
Non-medical prescribers make an increasing contribution to healthcare across the UK yet little is known about influences on their prescribing decision-making. The aim of this programme of research was to explore and describe prescribing decision-making by non-medical prescribers. A two stage programme of research was carried out. Stage 1 was a systematic review of the social and cognitive influences on prescribing decision-making by non-medical prescribers. Despite a paucity of research, various influences on prescribing decision-making were reported including evidence based guidelines, peer support and patient (or parental) relationships and expectations. While confidence and clinical experience as a practitioner were cited as influences, the lack of prescribing experience and aspects of pharmacological knowledge also impacted on prescribing decision-making, resulting in a cautious approach. Stage 2 of the research employed a phenomenological methodology underpinned by the Theoretical Domains Framework of behavioural determinants (TDF). It comprised three phases. In Phase 1, semi-structured interviews with five nurse prescribers and eight pharmacist prescribers in NHS Grampian explored their experiences and perceptions of influences on their prescribing decision-making, and the impact of these influences. Multiple and sometimes contradictory influences were uncovered. Twelve of the fourteen domains of the TDF were found to be influential along with multi-disciplinary working and experience; optimism and reinforcement did not feature. In Phase 2, these participants recorded reflections on prescribing decisions which they considered noteworthy in relation to their practice, and in Phase 3 participants were interviewed about their reflections. Complexity was a feature of many, in the patients’ clinical or social circumstances or in relation to wider concerns. The same 12 domains were found to be influential as were multi-disciplinary working, experience and complexity. This programme of research has produced original findings which it is hoped will impact on the education, training and practice of these increasingly important prescribers.
23
Cloutier, Renee M. "Social Anxiety and Non-Medical Prescription Stimulant Use Among College Students". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2016. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc849701/.
Abstract (sommario):
Current evidence suggests that non-medical prescription stimulant (NMPS) use is on the rise, particularly among college students. Identifying individuals at risk for regular and problematic use is a critical step towards the development of effective intervention efforts. A growing body of work has noted that individuals with elevated levels of social anxiety (SA) or social anxiety disorder are at an enhanced risk for developing substance use problems, including NMPS use disorder. Despite the relevance of SA and NMPS use among college students, no studies have attempted to examine subclinical SA or the relation between SA and NMPS use among college students specifically. Thus, the present study sought to extend this area by testing the relation of SA symptoms and NMPS use frequency among college students. A large online study of college students was conducted (N=1604) to identify 252 NMPS users (18-25 years; 68.3% female). A hierarchical linear regression was used to test the moderation of positive prescription stimulant expectancies on SA symptoms in predicting past year NMPS use frequency. A subsample of 15 participants was also brought into the lab to assess subjective (State Anxiety) and physiological (salivary cortisol) responding to a social stressor task. Overall, the current study did not provide evidence that SA, via retrospective self-report or real-time responding was related to past year NMPS use frequency. Additional research is needed to resolve the discrepancies between the present findings and prior work.
24
Knopes, Julia. "The Social Construction of Sufficient Knowledge at an American Medical School". Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1544043617644668.
25
Jacobs, Susan Lee Robilotta. "Medical social work: why is it underutilized in home health care?" CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1993. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/637.
26
Schill, Wendy Marie. "Interprofessional expectations of the medical social worker in home health care". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1997. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1409.
27
Briggs-Bolling, Izetta Mounice. "Non Medical Prescription Drug use in Rural Communities and Social Work". ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/4424.
Abstract (sommario):
This study explored the roles and responsibilities of social workers providing services to nonmedical prescription drug users (NMPDU). Researchers have indicated NMPDU disproportionately affects people living in rural communities. The overarching research question sought to explore the concerns of social workers when providing services to patients coping with NMPDU in the rural community of Ulster County, New York. The intention was to examine systemic challenges facing rural social workers when attempting to decrease morbidity risks and increase the health of Ulster County residents. A total of 7 social workers participated in 3 focus groups to explore their ideas for defining, clarifying, and identifying solutions to the problem. The social exchange theory was used to frame the roles and responsibilities of social workers within rural communities at the macro, mezzo, and micro levels. Qualitative content analysis identified 5 themes: roles and responsibilities, barriers, education, treatment interventions, NMPDU and illicit substances of use. The results of the study included advocating for the fair and equitable distribution of resources for all residents coping with NMPDU in Ulster County, their responsibility to collaborate on pressing matters and educate physicians, community service providers, local legislators, individuals, and families of the warning signs and harmful effects of NMPDU. Findings may effect social change by enhancing the role of social workers by reducing overdose and death rates of NMPDUs.
28
Spencer, Sabrina R. "Social Work Crisis Interventions With Traumatic Death Survivors in Medical Settings". ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/7432.
Abstract (sommario):
Traumatic death survivors are an at-risk population that could benefit from social work interventions. This action research study explored social work perspectives on crisis practice with traumatic death survivors in acute medical settings. The research questions focused on whether early crisis interventions by social workers would benefit traumatic death survivors, which interventions were recommended in crisis practice with this population, the potential effects of repeated trauma exposure on the social workers providing the crisis interventions, and recommendations to manage this professional exposure to trauma. The purpose of the study was to explore social work perspectives on potential benefits of crisis interventions with traumatic death survivors and potential effects of crisis practice on the social workers providing the services. Crisis theory and family systems theory informed the study. Participants were selected from a convenience sample of licensed social workers, and data were collected in 1 focus group and 3 in-depth interviews. Data were analyzed using descriptive and thematic analysis. Findings supported the benefits of social work crisis interventions for traumatic death survivors and the need for self-care, self-awareness, and support to reduce the risks of negative effects of crisis practice on social workers. Specific crisis interventions recommended for practice include the roles of advocate and guide, grief support, viewing of the body, and explanation of next steps. An increase in knowledge and recommendations for future practice based on study findings might promote positive social change by raising awareness about the problem and improving social work practice with traumatic death survivors.
29
Wilson, Sandra E. "A comparison of the attitudes of medical social workers and mental health social workers toward mental illness". DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 1989. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/dissertations/468.
Abstract (sommario):
The purpose of this study was to compare the attitudes of medical social workers (MSWS) and mental health social workers (MHSWs) toward mental illness. The sample consisted of 87 subjects, 56 MSWs and 31 NHSWs. The instrument utilized was the Opinions About Mental Illness Scale which measured five attitudinal factors: Authoritarianism, Benevolence, Mental Hygiene Ideology, Social Restrictiveness and Interpersonal Etiology. Data was analyzed, using Pearson’s r. No significant differences were found on the Authoritarianism dimension. However, MSWs scored higher on Benevolence, Mental Hygiene Ideology, Social Restrictiveness, and Interpersonal Etiology as compared to MHSWs. One of the most significant implications was that the clinical environment should be less physically and socially restrictive so that the patient would not feel as though s/he was in prison and had committed a crime.
30
Liu, Yee-wah Eva, e 廖綺華. "The medical social work service within the Hospital Authority: a case for reform". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1994. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31964606.
31
Stalling, Veda. "The Phenomenological Evaluation of Social Worker Competencies in Patient-Centered Medical Homes". ScholarWorks, 2016. http://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/1871.
Abstract (sommario):
The Patient-Centered Medical Home (PCMH) is an innovative, team-based health care model that was applied during the implementation of the Affordable Care Act (ACA). However, the competencies for PCMH health care social worker team members are not identified within this model. Thus, the purpose of this phenomenological study focused on identifying the core competencies that will enable social workers to perform competently in PCMHs. This study also explored the roles and training needs as related to improving the competence of social workers. Sandberg’s and Parry’s conceptualization of the competency model was used as the theoretical framework. Data were acquired through interviews with 10 PCMH social workers. These data were then inductively coded and analyzed using a modified Moustakas method. Key findings indicated that these social workers believed that improvements in competencies may include training and knowledge with mental health and physical health knowledge which consist of diagnoses, interventions, medications, symptoms, and terminology. It was also noted that knowledge of evidence-based practices for mental health interventions and patient-centered, team-based principles were essential to ACA policy implementation. The positive social change implications of this study include recommendations to health care leadership, educational institutions, and other PCMH providers to develop competency-based training for social workers. Recommendations are also put forth to adapt social work curriculum to ensure the effective implementation of the principles of the ACA policy and to improve social work practice in PCMH health care settings.
32
Lukelelo, Nomvuyo. "An investigation of burnout amongst medical social workers working in children's wards". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/49843.
Abstract (sommario):
On t.p.: Master of Arts in Social Work (Welfare Programme management)Thesis (MA(MW))--Stellenbosch University, 2004.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Medical social workers working in children's wards are more prone to burnout because of the stressful nature of their work. Because social work requires emotional involvement, it is not uncommon for workers to be emotionally drained and frustrated, which might lead to burnout. Stress amongst social workers is an important issue, as a stressed workforce can negatively affect the quality of service. This study was undertaken with the aim of providing guidelines for handling stress amongst medical social workers working in children's wards, in order to promote job satisfaction and enhance work performance. Chronically ill children who are hospitalised, often suffer from behavioural and emotional problems that require social work intervention, which in turn puts pressure on the social worker. Concurrent stressors on the children and their families may exhaust their normal coping capacity and further complicate the child's adaptation to hospitalisation. The role of the medical social worker is to provide social support to the child and the family in order to promote positive coping in the child during and after hospital treatment. The demands put on the social worker by hospitalised children can cause stress, which could adversely affect their work performance and job satisfaction. Social workers therefore, have to carefully select an appropriate practice framework when dealing with hospitalised children. This entails the selection of appropriate perspectives, theories and models to ensure effective intervention. These frameworks provide structure and directive to social work intervention, and combined with supervision, can promote job satisfaction amongst medical social workers. The study was undertaken amongst medical social workers working in paediatric wards within hospitals in the Cape Metropolitan area. The empirical study focused on an investigation of factors, which might contribute to the experience of burnout amongst the social workers. Work-related stressors playa major role in increasing the likelihood of burnout amongst social workers. If these stressors are not properly dealt with they might lead to burnout amongst medical social workers, which will have a direct bearing on the child's benefit from medical services. A combination of both organisationally based and individually based strategies should be implemented in order to overcome job-related stress and to prevent burnout.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Mediese maatskaplike werkers wat in kindersale werk, is meer geneig tot uitbranding as gevolg van die stresvolle aard van hulle werk. Maatskaplike werk vereis emosionele betrokkenheid. Dit is dus nie ongewoon vir maatskaplike werkers om emosioneel gedreineerd en gefrustreerd te voel nie. Laasgenoemde is kenmerke van uitbranding. Oormatige stres by maatskaplike werkers kan 'n negatiewe uitwerking op die kwaliteit van hul dienslewering hê. Hierdie navorsingstudie was onderneem met die oog op die daarstelling van riglyne vir die hantering van stres by mediese maatskaplike werkers, wat in kindersale werk om sodoende werkstevredenheid en -verrigting te bevorder. Kroniese siek kinders wat gehospitaliseer word, presenteer dikwels met gedrags- en emosionele probleme wat uiteraard tydens intervensie addisionele druk op die maatskaplike werker plaas. Gepaardgaande stressors kan daartoe lei dat pasiënte en hul gesinne afwyk van hul normale funksionering wat weer die pasiënt se hanteringsvermoë en aanpassing by die hospitaalopset belemmer. Die rol van die mediese maatskaplike werker is om sosiale ondersteuning aan bogenoemde partye te gee ten einde positiewe hanteringsvermoë tydens en na mediese behandeling, by pasiënte te vestig. Die eise wat deur pasiënte aan maatskaplike werkers gestel word kan stres veroorsaak wat hul werksverrigtinge en tevredenheid negatief kan affekteer. Maatskaplike werkers moet dus versigtig te werk gaan in die keuse van 'n gepaste praktykraamwerk vir intervensie ten opsigte van gehospitaliseerde kinders. 'n Verantwoordbare keuse van perspektiewe, teorieë en modelle lê ten grondslag van effektiewe maatskaplike werk intervensie. Hierdie raamwerke bied struktuur en rigting aan maatskaplike werk intervensie. Laasgenoemde, tesame met Stellenbosch University http://scholar.sun.ac.za superviste kan werkstevredenheid onder mediese maatskaplike werkers bevorder. Stressors wat met werk verband hou, speel 'n groot rol in die toename van uitbranding onder mediese maatskaplike werkers. Indien hierdie stressors nie effektief hanteer word nie, kan dit tot uitbranding by maatskaplike werkers ly wat dan weer die pasiënt se benutting van mediese dienste negatief beïnvloed. Die ondersoekgroep het bestaan uit tien mediese maatskaplike werkers wat werksaam was in paediatriese sale in hospitale binne die Kaapse Metropool. Tydens 'n empiriese ondersoek is gefokus op faktore wat moontlik aanleiding kan gee tot die uitbranding van maatskaplike werkers. Dit word dus aanbeveel dat 'n kombinasie van strategieë van beide die orgarusaste en die persoon geïmplementeer moet word om werksverwante stres te oorkom en dus uitbranding by mediese maatskaplike werkers te voorkom.
33
Leach, J. S. R. "Organisational responses to students' mental health needs : social, psychological and medical perspectives". Thesis, Oxford Brookes University, 2004. http://radar.brookes.ac.uk/radar/items/e5eca0f1-9e7c-d32d-a439-94d33c8459de/1.
Abstract (sommario):
This research examines the support offered to students with mental and emotional problems in Oxford, based on a theoretical model which distinguishes between social, psychological and medical/biological approaches. Although there has been a long-running debate about the contribution of each of these approaches, their impact on the provision of formal and informal support for students has not been previously studied. Using a case study research design, 76 semi-structured interviews were conducted with 'students and staff within three educational institutions and two healthcare trusts, with additional information coming from meetings of the Oxford Student Mental Health Network and other documentary evidence. The case studies found that concerns about stigma, confidentiality, damaged career prospects and beliefs about the nature of the support provided all impacted on students' willingness to seek help. Sources of social support included friends, family, student officers, academic, residential and administrative staff. Psychological support came from university counsellors and National Health Service psychotherapists. General Practitioners provided the first line of medical support, with psychiatrists and other mental health professionals becoming involved with the more severe cases. There were gaps between the different levels of support, concerns about the difficulty in accessing secondary and tertiary levels of care, and sometimes mutual suspicion between different types of supporters. The distinctions between social, psychological and medical approaches to mental health which tend to be polarised in the literature, were not articulated so forcefully by the majority of the respondents. Integrating different forms of support was seen as providing students with the best chance of completing their studies successfully, but raises challenges of working across organisational and professional boundaries. Whilst there were established pathways for referring students into psychological and medical services at times of crisis, there were not such well organised pathways back in to the social levels of support upon recovery.
34
Дунаєва, Марина Миколаївна, Марина Николаевна Дунаева, Maryna Mykolaivna Dunaieva, Наталія Миколаївна Садовнича, Наталия Николаевна Садовничая e Nataliia Mykolaivna Sadovnycha. "Niche book bio-medical content, thematic priorities and social and communication practices". Thesis, Sumy State University, 2017. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/65523.
Abstract (sommario):
In our study there will be analyzed books from specialties that establish the general laws inherent in life in all its manifestations. And that is a bio-medical direction. Just they will act as an object of study. The subject of study will become texts and illustrations in all forms of media from books on biology, genetics and ecology, humane and veterinary medicine.
35
Vaughan, Suzanne. "Medical students' experience and achievement : the effect of ethnicity and social networks". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2013. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/medical-students-experience-and-achievement-the-effect-of-ethnicity-and-social-networks(bbde8916-2914-44c8-a340-2b4c0c0b56a4).html.
Abstract (sommario):
There is a well-established ‘achievement gap’ in medical education, with ‘ethnic minority’ students achieving less well in examinations than their white counterparts. The processes underlying this difference are currently unknown. Most research to date has taken a student-deficit approach, suggesting that lower performing students lack the cognitive or cultural capacity of their higher achieving peers. These models have so far failed to explain the variation in achievement by ethnicity. In order to address this gap in the literature and further our understanding of ethnic minority students’ underachievement, this thesis takes a sociocultural approach to the problem. It addresses two research questions: firstly, how does ethnicity impact on medical school achievement? Secondly, how do social networks affect achievement? This research uses qualitative interviews (n=33 medical students), quantitative survey methods and social network analysis (n=160 medical students) to explore ethnicity and the achievement gap within medical education. Sociocultural theories of learning, specifically concepts from communities of practice and Pierre Bourdieu are employed in the design and analysis phases. This thesis demonstrates that medical students’ achievement is best conceptualised as part of a wider learning trajectory toward becoming a doctor. Relationships are important channels through which the resources and support can flow, these in turn facilitate learning and achievement. Lower achieving students are less well connected to their PBL peers and have fewer tutors or clinicians in their network. The medical world has a tightly prescribed, yet often hidden, set of legitimate dispositions; students must learn to embody these norms, values and behaviours in order to succeed. This process relies on experiences of participation, facilitated by relationships with peers and seniors. Socialisation is clearly mediated by culture. Ethnic minority students, due to their differing cultural practices and identities, have fewer experiences of participation, often experience the medical domain as outsiders and find it harder to interact with tutors and clinicians. This is reflected in their social networks as some minority students have fewer seniors in their network. These factors interact to cut ethnic minority students off from potential and actual resources that facilitate learning and achievement. If the situation is to be improved, medical schools must do more to acknowledge the extra difficulties many ‘ethnic minority’ students face in becoming an insider. Processes of identification and participation must be supported as these students negotiate the extra distance and tensions between their home world and those of medical education and medicine.
36
Steen, Sara. "Professions in conflict : legal and medical social control of juvenile sex offenders /". Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8882.
37
Mauri, Christian John. "The medical approach and the social approach to disability: A descriptive analysis". Thesis, Mauri, Christian John ORCID: 0000-0003-3245-1044 (2011) The medical approach and the social approach to disability: A descriptive analysis. Honours thesis, Murdoch University, 2011. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/6501/.
Abstract (sommario):
The thesis offers a descriptive analysis of how the “medical approach” to disability and the “social approach” to disability understand and analyse disability as an area of inquiry. The medical approach treats disability as a pathological, deviant state caused by biological and physiological dysfunctions. This approach is discussed in regard to medical sociology, which treats disability primarily as a form of social deviance, and the individual model, which uses medical language to categorise disability based on functional limitations. The social approach treats disability as a social issue, with social forces influencing experiences of disability. This approached is used within disability studies, which argues that disabled individuals represent an oppressed social group, and the social model, which distinguishes between “impairment” and “disability” in order to treat disability as a social entity characterised by a range of social and material conditions.
38
Stalling, Veda D. "The Phenomenological Evaluation of Social Worker Competencies in Patient-Centered Medical Homes". ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/1941.
Abstract (sommario):
The Patient-Centered Medical Home (PCMH) is an innovative, team-based health care model that was applied during the implementation of the Affordable Care Act (ACA). However, the competencies for PCMH health care social worker team members are not identified within this model. Thus, the purpose of this phenomenological study focused on identifying the core competencies that will enable social workers to perform competently in PCMHs. This study also explored the roles and training needs as related to improving the competence of social workers. Sandberg's and Parry's conceptualization of the competency model was used as the theoretical framework. Data were acquired through interviews with 10 PCMH social workers. These data were then inductively coded and analyzed using a modified Moustakas method. Key findings indicated that these social workers believed that improvements in competencies may include training and knowledge with mental health and physical health knowledge which consist of diagnoses, interventions, medications, symptoms, and terminology. It was also noted that knowledge of evidence-based practices for mental health interventions and patient-centered, team-based principles were essential to ACA policy implementation. The positive social change implications of this study include recommendations to health care leadership, educational institutions, and other PCMH providers to develop competency-based training for social workers. Recommendations are also put forth to adapt social work curriculum to ensure the effective implementation of the principles of the ACA policy and to improve social work practice in PCMH health care settings.
39
Coveney, Catherine M. "Awakening expectations : exploring social and ethical issues surrounding the medical and non-medical uses of cognition enhancing drugs in the UK". Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2010. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/11671/.
Abstract (sommario):
The aim of this thesis is to explore the social and ethical issues surrounding the use of neurotechnologies to control sleep and enhance cognition in British society. Empirically, the project is based on a case study of the wake-promoting drug modafinil. Data analysis involved the study of a corpus of 77 UK news articles and 40 semi-structured interviews with three stakeholder groups: scientists and clinicians, shift workers and students. The analytical framework used was informed by previous work in both medical sociology and bioethics and developed using key concepts drawn from Science and Technology Studies. Conceptualising modafinil as a sociotechnical object, different discourses surrounding sleep, cognitive enhancement and pharmaceutical use were explored to assess how sociotechnical spaces for ‘therapy’ and ‘enhancement’ are being constructed and negotiated in different domains of social life. The analysis of the ways in which modafinil use was positioned and of how various uses were negotiated in both media and stakeholder discourse shows how different groups can conceptualise the same technology in very different ways depending on who is doing the defining, how the users are imagined and the specific context of use. It was apparent that drugs contain not only technological scripts for how and by whom they are to be used, but also strong cultural scripts relating to legitimacy and acceptability of when, where, for what purpose they should be used. Importantly, it demonstrates that although norms may overlap to some degree, there is no universal set of norms defining and delimiting how modafinil should be used in contemporary society. The adoption of an STS perspective, which takes a critical stance towards both technology and users, has shown how the adoption of a therapy-enhancement distinction devoid of context oversimplifies the debate around the use of drugs such as modafinil and does not capture the reality of stakeholder perspectives.
40
Liu, Yee-wah Eva. "The medical social work service within the Hospital Authority : a case for reform /". [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1994. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13762242.
41
Till, Christopher Harper. "The emergence of Male Anorexia Nervosa : the social creation of a medical concept". Thesis, University of Leeds, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.535130.
42
Keyvanara, Mahmoud. "Towards an understanding of suicide in Iranian society : social, cultural and medical contexts". Thesis, University of Bristol, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.406959.
43
Lensing, Willene (Willene Crowell). "A Case Study of Social Transformation in Medical Care at the Community Level". Thesis, University of North Texas, 1994. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc277789/.
Abstract (sommario):
This descriptive case study of the transformation in medical care at the community level was carried out with a triangulation approach. Data from documents and surveys using both semi-structured and unstructured interviews were gathered to evaluate and explain how medical care delivery changed from a primarily public system to one predominantly private.
44
Emmerich, Nathan. "Taking education seriously : developing Bourdieuan social theory in the context of teaching and learning medical ethics in the UK undergraduate medical degree". Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.579710.
Abstract (sommario):
This thesis offers a social theoretical development of Bourdieu' s habitus in order that it might be used to 'take education seriously'. It is conducted from within the later Wittgenstein's view of language and according to a Winchean methodology for 'doing social theory'. The context used for this theoretical exercise in UK medical education, particularly ethics education. The first aim of the thesis is to develop a more cognitive aspect to the habitus and to this end I draw on the idea of 'thinking dispositions.' I argue that 'thinking dispositions' should be considered the product of enculturation rather than socialisation and that former is implied by Bourdieu's construal of this latter process as a 'collective process of inculcation.' I then give a historical account of the development of medical education in the UK over the past 30-40 years making particular reference to the General Medical Councils document Tomorrow's Doctors (1993, revised 2003, 2009). Subsequentially I return to the more theoretical ground which is the central concern of this thesis and attempt to give more definition to the idea of a cognitive habitus through a consideration of the reflective practice and education of medical professionals, the concept of meta-cognition (drawn from science education research), and the idea of a cognitive apprenticeship emerging from socio-cultural learning theory, a branch of Vygotskian psychology. The final chapter returns to Bourdieuan grounds and considers the relationship between enculturation, a cognitive apprenticeship and the habitus. In the conclusion I consider some reflexive implications of my thesis for medical ethics education delivered as part of a medical education and for applied ethics considered as a branch of philosophy which seeks to extend its insights beyond its disciplinary borders as, for example, in medical ethics education.
45
Chang, Chih-Li, e 張志豊. "Medical social workers'' experience and dialogue in dealing with medical dispute". Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/58026599686399367836.
Abstract (sommario):
碩士國立臺灣大學
社會工作學研究所
97
The research is intended to understand the process of medical social workers dealing with medical dispute and possible conflicts and struggles medical social workers might face. The sample is aimed at program directors and social workers who work at social work department at region hospital in northern Taiwan. The research take purposive sampling, leading two focus groups and seventeen people attended. The research had found that several stages are taken place in terms of medical social workers getting involved in dealing with medical dispute: social workers are outsiders; from outsiders into insiders, social workers gradually into key roles and social workers business has been standardized. All of these show that roles social workers play become more and more important. Conflicts and stresses result from medical social workers getting involved in high-risk medical dispute includes: avoidant emotion, conflicts in ethics, conflicts in role expectation and conflicts between different roles and inside different roles. And roles medical social workers could play are mainly on providing better communication between clients and doctors, providing resources and pacifying clients and their family’s emotion. The role of proposer; medical social workers get involved in medical dispute have influences on medical team existence. The three positive influences go as follows. First, medical team is more professional; second, medical team has better relationship; and last but not least, self development and self-esteem have improved. Moreover, there is one negative influence: pushing other social workers’ professional services out from a group. According to research list above, discussion has been brought up at the end of research; establishment of peer support group, supervision qualification, role normalized, working process standardized, and ethical issues have been proposed. This is to provide references to further researchers and readers.
46
WEI-CHIN, KAO, e 高偉琴. "The reflection and application of medical social workers under medical transformation". Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/71179137145833486670.
Abstract (sommario):
碩士輔仁大學
社會工作學系
96
Abstract Due to the Second generation NHI policy and Reform of hospital accreditation which are strongly related with the management of hospitals, the role and development of social workers in the medical area have been heavily influenced by the change in the last five or six years. This study refers to the reflection and application of medical social workers under medical transformation. The aim of the research is to let them reflect about their work and find suitable applications for them. Data was collected by focus group interview. The group included seven members, who all had more than five-year working experiences and have been working as a medical social worker in the past five years. Findings include: When the framework of medical industry is changing, the changes also require hospitals to develop applications to adapt; the process of policy-making affects every department of hospital organizations and brings some conflicts on the practice way; and for professional and individual development, medical social workers have to face the challenge and find the problem-solving strategies. The author has appointed four specific issues and in-depth discussions according to the findings, and gives several suggestions for future studies. Key words: medical social worker、reflection、problem-solving strategies、 focus group
47
Lin, Dong-long, e 林東龍. "Social Control of Medical Malpractice:A Sociological Analysis". Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/09980237753114884289.
Abstract (sommario):
博士國立中山大學
中山學術研究所
92
This study explores resolution mechanisms for all types of medical malpractice cases with a special focus on the patients and their families’ subjective experiences in such disputes, as well as the relevant factors that influence the process of decision-making and the relevant results. The previous studies on patients’ actions to medical disputes in the literature assumed that patients and their families took certain actions due to monetary reasons or discriminated status under a restricted medical system. Most studies simply state the variables that led the patients and their families to certain resolution mechanism. Nevertheless, not many researchers have explored the micro experiences of meaning construction during the process to resolve malpractice cases. Neither did they study how the patients interpret the cultural and structural variables, which might result in different dispute resolution mechanism being used. Therefore, this study attempts to develop a tentative approach to integrate macro and micro analyses and take the advantage of the procedure of grounded theory to explore the dynamic process in the resolution of disputes over medical malpractice. In-depth interviews were applied in the study involving 16 patients and their family members, 13 third party groups and two physicians for a total of 31 people. Among the 16 patients and their family members, there were 14 cases of medical treatment dispute. It was found that the core concept of “admitting a mistake was made” is the main goal of patients and their family members when dealing with the dispute. If the injury is not critical, normally the physician will admit his/her mistake in the beginning of the dispute. If the injury is critical, since the patients and their family members not having professional knowledge regarding medical injury and their social economical status as well as lower mobilization capabilities than physicians, they do not get an apology or the truth regarding the medical injury. They only receive compensation at most. There are two key causes of providing compensation: (a) crisscrossed interpersonal connection between patient, physician and the third party, such as a civil representative, who plays the role of coordinator; (b) after litigation, usually the court prosecutor or the judge will mediate between the patient and physician, so that compensation can be made. No direct judgment is made. Yet the patients and their family members are not satisfied because they do not receive a response from the involved physician regarding their request about “admitting mistake was made” which is terminated since their is no money for further litigation, pressure from the civil representative or other objections of the family members. Furthermore, the interview of the third party and the involved physician show that public hospitals are more afraid of irrational acts from patients and their family members or the intervention of the civil representative when dealing with medical disputes. Even if there is no medical negligence, they still submit to the requests of the patients and their family members.
48
Pei-LinLi e 李姵霖. "Medical Social Workers' Work Difficulties and Mental Accommodation". Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/12577381140873664361.
Abstract (sommario):
碩士國立成功大學
教育研究所
100
The study focuses medical social workers’ work difficulties and mental accommodation. There are three purposes of the study. First, to understand that medical social workers’ work difficulties. Second, to know medical social workers how to face their work difficulties and what mental accommodation ways they use. Third, to discover what motives and beliefs of medical social workers they have and they can keep on their work. The study based on the qualitative research methods, Hermeneutische Phanomenologie was adopted as a theoretical foundation. The semi-structured interviews were used to recruit four different seniority female medical social workers’ background. From the beginning of medical social workers’ work difficulties, what mental accommodation methods they use, and finally what motives and beliefs they have to keep on their work. The data would be analyzed by the thematic analysis and the results as follows: 1.Work difficulties occurred and solved are relation to the issue of short-staffed: medical social workers indicate that they have too much work and deal with different clients at the same time so they can’t rest enough. Therefore, short-staffed situation is the key factor to work difficulties of medical social workers. 2.Distinguish between work and life is the key to healthy mental accommodation: medical social workers will learn how to separate work from one’s life, and realize that there’s no need to put the stress of work into one’s life. 3.Medical social workers confirm value of medical social work so that can persist in work: medical social workers will keep doing medical social work and be sure of value of work after they try their efforts to make use of many mental accommodation methods.
49
Hung, Jia-Ching, e 洪佳慶. "Comprehensive digitalize Intelligent Medical Social Work Information System". Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/27087592367338286940.
Abstract (sommario):
碩士國立臺灣大學
資訊工程學研究所
100
The study is primarily aimed at developing an Intelligent Medical Social Work Information System in the MSW office in NTUH based on the Health Level Seven (HL7) middleware framework of Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA). We will first design the function of Case Assignment integrating with NTUH HIS, and provide the MSW with the function, Case Management. So as to accomplish paperless and digitalized work flow, the system will be designed with Patient Assessment Record in fixed and digitalized format according to the different service contents in the MSW office, and provide the function of automatically outputting each MSW’s monthly working report. In the Patient-and-Family-Centered Design (PFCD), not merely can the MSW productively get hold of the information on the household, but they can provide patients with further better and more proper services based on the consideration of the patient’s household. Subsequent to the comprehensively digitalized Patient Assessment Record, we can combine the map of the patient''s family to the output of social-work assessment form. In addition, the percentage of subsidy can be calculated by the system to provide the reference for the MSW. The digitalized assessment can add electronic signature so as to achieve the goal of electronic health records in the future.
50
Huang, Huan-ting, e 黃煥庭. "Social propagation of medical foundation and association in Taiwa". Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/tnn5rh.
Abstract (sommario):
碩士南華大學
非營利事業管理研究所
95
Medical and health education is the most important means by which people learn to live a healthy life. In the multicultural and vibrant society of Taiwan, the promotion of medical and health education has proved to be both imperative and necessary. Besides advocating policies, most of the subject matters related to people''s health, such as knowledge of disease, attitudes when encountering disease and adjustment problems that follow, and even life and death concerns, are labored upon by NPOs. The members of these organizations tend to be professional and idealistic. Limited by funding, human resources and operational experience, they have to resort to learning through experienced. There are also some groups that have evolved from support groups affiliated to hospitals; hence it is rather difficult to separate from their existing mission, responsibility, personnel and administration. This results in many units executing tasks for one single proposition, causing repetitive work and a waste of resources. In today''s marketing era, what these NPOs need to learn is to highlight an issue’s worth, explore creative ideas, market their ideals, harness the ability to utilize the media and improve internal management skills. Only then can they ensure a smooth interaction with society and improved organizational performance. Through in depth interviews and analysis, this research seeks to explore the abovementioned possibilities from the actual works of the Catholic Sanipax Socio-Medical Service & Education Foundation, Premature Baby Foundation of Taiwan, Buddhist Lotus Hospice Care Foundation, and Taiwan Alzheimer''s Disease Association.