Articoli di riviste: "MEDICAL / Pediatric Emergencies"

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WEINBERG, JOSEPH A. "Pediatric Emergencies". Pediatrics 86, n. 5 (1 novembre 1990): 809. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.86.5.809a.

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In Reply.— Dr DiBona expresses legitimate concern regarding the different classification systems used for pediatric and neonatal units. This concern was shared by the American Medical Association Commission in its deliberations. Discussions were held with the Perinatal Section regarding changing the classification for perinatal care. The pediatric emergencies document was drafted as part of a comprehensive classification of emergency capabilities encompassing multiple disciplines. There were already precedents in trauma, spinal cord injury, burns, and general emergency medicine for level I to the highest level of care.

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Negovetić Vranić, Dubravka, Josipa Jurković, Jesenka Jeličić, Antonija Balenović, Gordana Stipančić e Ivana Čuković-Bagić. "Medical Emergencies in Pediatric Dentistry". Acta Stomatologica Croatica 50, n. 1 (15 marzo 2016): 72–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.15644/asc50/1/10.

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Rocker, Joshua A., e Jeffrey Oestreicher. "Focused Medical Assessment of Pediatric Behavioral Emergencies". Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America 27, n. 3 (luglio 2018): 399–411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chc.2018.02.003.

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GRAHAM, CHARLES J., JOHN STUEMKY e TOM A. LERA. "Emergency medical services preparedness for pediatric emergencies". Pediatric Emergency Care 9, n. 6 (dicembre 1993): 329–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006565-199312000-00001.

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Zietlow, Scott P., Kathleen S. Berns e Katherine M. Konzen. "Rotor wing transport for pediatric medical emergencies". Air Medical Journal 14, n. 3 (luglio 1995): 168. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/1067-991x(95)90543-x.

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Mehra, Bharat, e Suresh Gupta. "Common Pediatric Medical Emergencies in Office Practice". Indian Journal of Pediatrics 85, n. 1 (12 agosto 2017): 35–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12098-017-2370-9.

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Niebauer, J. M., M. L. White, J. L. Zinkan, A. Q. Youngblood e N. M. Tofil. "Hyperventilation in Pediatric Resuscitation: Performance in Simulated Pediatric Medical Emergencies". PEDIATRICS 128, n. 5 (3 ottobre 2011): e1195-e1200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.2010-3696.

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Seidel, James S. "Emergency Medical Services and the Pediatric Patient: Are the Needs Being Met? II. Training and Equipping Emergency Medical Services Providers for Pediatric Emergencies". Pediatrics 78, n. 5 (1 novembre 1986): 808–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.78.5.808.

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Emergency medical services have been organized to meet the needs of adult patients. A study was undertaken to determine the training in pediatrics offered to paramedics and emergency medical technicians throughout the United States and the equipment carried by prehospital care provider agencies. Most training (50%) takes place at colleges and universities and the remainder at hospitals and emergency medical services agencies. Many programs (40%) have less than ten hours of didactic training in pediatrics and 41% offer ten hours or less of clinical experience. Some programs offer no training in pediatric emergency medicine. The most common deficiencies in pediatric equipment included back-boards, pediatric drugs, resuscitation masks, and small intravenous catheters. More attention to training and equipping prehospital personnel for pediatric emergencies may help to improve outcomes of out-of-hospital resuscitations of infants and children.

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Ahmed, Bijle Mohammed Nadeem, Yussuf K. Chunawalla, Kavina Mansukhani e Prasad K. Musale. "Pediatric Basic Resuscitation in Dental Office". World Journal of Dentistry 1, n. 2 (2010): 99–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1020.

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ABSTRACT Medical emergencies are little understood by most of the dentists. Thus, there is a significant need for increased awareness by dental professionals in the area of emergency medicine. Medical emergencies can and do occur in pediatric patients. Therefore, pediatric dentists should develop skills to handle various pediatric emergencies that have the potential to develop life-threatening conditions. We must be aware of the various protocols for initial stabilization of pediatric victims at risk in dental setup. Every patient expects his/her dentist to be familiar with emergency interventions that include atleast basic life support requirements and, if necessary, advanced methods including administration of specific medication. This review article will brief us with basic protocols required to manage pediatric emergencies in case of life-threatening conditions.

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Kim, Jung Ha, e Smi Choi-Kwon. "Ground-Based Medical Services for In-Flight Emergencies". Aerospace Medicine and Human Performance 91, n. 4 (1 aprile 2020): 348–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3357/amhp.5431.2020.

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BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of ground-based medical services (GBMS) by the cabin crew of a major South Korean airline for in-flight medical incidents involving passengers.METHODS: We conducted a survey of cabin crew to identify the anticipated use of GBMS in 2017. We compared the anticipated use to actual use as reported in cabin crew records submitted to the GBMS team and cabin crew logs from May 2013 to April 2016.RESULTS: Among 766 team leaders and assistant leaders, 211 individuals answered the questionnaire. A total of 915 instances of GBMS use were reported during the study period. There were no significant differences between anticipated and actual use in terms of the reasons for needing GBMS, with medication prescription being the most common reason. However, there were significant differences in the specific symptoms that triggered contact with GBMS. Pediatric and digestive symptoms were under-predicted, while neuropsychiatric and cardiac symptoms were over-predicted.DISCUSSION: Cabin crew tended to require GBMS to assist with pediatric and digestive conditions more often than anticipated. Furthermore, digestive and pediatric symptoms often require prescription medications.Kim JH, Choi-Kwon S. Ground-based medical services for in-flight emergencies. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2020; 91(4):348–351.

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Sacchetti, Alfred, Carol Carraccio, Todd Warden e Steven Gazak. "Community hospital management of pediatric emergencies: Implications for pediatric emergency medical services". American Journal of Emergency Medicine 4, n. 1 (gennaio 1986): 10–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-6757(86)90241-x.

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Tolia, Vasundhara. "Cutting-edge management of pediatric emergencies". Therapy 5, n. 4 (luglio 2008): 381–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/14750708.5.4.381.

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EICHELBERGER, MARTIN R., GERRY STOSSEL-PRATSCH e ELMER A. MANGUBAT. "A pediatric emergencies training program for emergency medical services". Pediatric Emergency Care 1, n. 4 (dicembre 1985): 177–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006565-198512000-00001.

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Mehra, Bharat, e Suresh Gupta. "Correction to: Common Pediatric Medical Emergencies in Office Practice". Indian Journal of Pediatrics 85, n. 2 (2 ottobre 2017): 164. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12098-017-2483-1.

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Lakhanpaul, M., e TJ Stephenson. "Evidence-based guidelines for pediatric emergencies". Expert Review of Pharmacoeconomics & Outcomes Research 6, n. 6 (dicembre 2006): 681–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1586/14737167.6.6.681.

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Tanmayi, Uppalapati, Abhinaya G., Adarsh E. e Gautam M. "Neuroimaging in paediatric emergencies". International Journal of Advances in Medicine 10, n. 9 (24 agosto 2023): 664–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20232553.

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Background: Neonatal and Pediatric population comprise up to 20% of emergencies and it is very important to choose appropriate imaging modality to diagnose early and treat accurately. These Pediatric emergencies require different approach to diagnose and manage compared to the adult population. This article will focus on the neuroimaging for evaluation and diagnosis that has more common and specific occurrence in paediatric population. Methods: Cases were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria and a single centre study was done using the scanners, imaging software and medical records from March 2021 to August 2022. Results: 36 non-traumatic cases were further subgrouped based on the etiological factors; of which 13 cases (36.1%) had findings consistent with congenital abnormalities. The proportion of children with Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy, Stroke, Infections and Neoplastic were 10 cases (27.7%), 9 cases (25%), 5 cases (13.8%), 4 cases (11.1%) and 4 cases (11.1%) respectively. Conclusions: Neuroimaging is the key in pediatric emergencies. The advancement in newer modalities of technology should be put into use more as a combined approach in diagnosis, management and prognostication as well as for early intervention to improve functional and psychological outcome.

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Erler, T. "Pediatric resuscitation, emergencies in pediatrics. Various infusion methods for children". Infusion & Chemotherapy, n. 3.2 (15 dicembre 2020): 97–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.32902/2663-0338-2020-3.2-97-99.

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Background. Medical care for premature babies in Germany is divided into two levels. Perinatal centers of the first level provide care for infants with body weight at birth <1500 g. Perinatal centers of the second level provide care for children whose body weight exceeds 1500 g. In order to be included in the list of first level institutions, the hospital must, among other, be able to pick up children from other institutions in the surrounding region. Mobile incubators are used for this purpose. Such an incubator is a kind of a mobile intensive care unit. In some cases, the incubator is delivered to the desired location by helicopter, but in most cases, specialized road transport is used. Objective. To describe neonatological medical care in Germany. Materials and methods. Analysis of own experience and available literature data on this issue. Results and discussion. In recent years, Germany experiences a decrease in the number of births, which causes the problem of professional training of doctors. Hospitals with the fewest births are closed due to lack of efficiency. Although there are some fluctuations from year to year, in general, the number of premature babies with extremely low birth weight remains approximately constant. Prematurity remains one of the most important problems of modern medicine, as it is accompanied by high mortality rates. The earlier the premature birth is and the lower the body weight is, the higher these rates are. Prematurity is caused by numerous risk factors. Multiple pregnancies are accompanied by the highest risk of premature birth. The presence of twins or triples increases this risk by 7.7 times. Other risk factors include vaginal bleeding in late pregnancy, preeclampsia, and a history of preterm birth. Over the past 20 years, the survival of children born before 32 weeks of pregnancy or weighing <1500 g has increased by almost 20 %. The smallest premature baby born in our clinic is a baby born at 24 weeks of gestation with a body weight of 350 g. Nowadays in Germany, the survival rate of infants born after 24 weeks of gestation is almost 80 %, and after 29 weeks – almost 100 %. It should be noted that maintaining the life of a premature baby from birth to discharge costs 250-300 thousand euros. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia is an important problem of premature infants, especially in case of mechanical lung ventilation (MLV) or joining infections. Up to 40 % of children who die from complications of bronchopulmonary dysplasia can be saved. If possible, MLV and infections should be avoided, premature births should be prevented, so-called neuroprotective ventilation and nasal or mask devices that do not require intubation should be used. Surfactants have made great progress in the management of premature infants. The modern LISA (less invasive surfactant administration) method allows to inject a surfactant into a child’s lungs without intubation. In the early 20th century, 100 % oxygen was used in the resuscitation of newborns, but now we use air (21 % oxygen) or a mixture containing up to 30 % oxygen. To prevent necrotizing enterocolitis, premature infants are prescribed probiotics based on lyophilized lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria. Breast milk is an another way to prevent this complication of prematurity. There is a breast milk bank in Potsdam. Conclusions. 1. Prematurity remains one of the most important problems of modern medicine, as it is accompanied by high mortality rates. 2. Multiple pregnancies are accompanied by the highest risk of premature birth. 3. Nowadays in Germany, the survival rate of children born after 24 weeks of gestation is almost 80 %, and after 29 weeks – almost 100 %. 4. Surfactants and the LISA method have made great progress in the management of premature infants. 5. Probiotics and breast milk are prescribed to premature babies to prevent necrotizing enterocolitis.

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Raeisi, H., e N. Makoolati. "1895 Epidemiology of Pediatric Emergencies in Local Emergency Medical System". Archives of Disease in Childhood 97, Suppl 2 (1 ottobre 2012): A534—A535. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2012-302724.1895.

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Kushari, Droub, Wassan AlManie, Khalid Alshehri, Abeer Alanazi, Suzan Sangoura, Rayan Bader, Nouf Alahmri et al. "An Overview of Pediatric Dental Emergencies". Journal of Healthcare Sciences 3, n. 12 (2023): 576–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.52533/johs.2023.31204.

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Pediatric dental emergencies encompass a wide range of acute oral health issues in children that require immediate attention. These emergencies can result in pain, functional impairment, and long-term dental problems if not addressed promptly. They account for a significant portion of children's first dental visits. Life-threatening dental emergencies in children include situations where a child's life or health is at immediate risk. These can involve airway compromise due to severe facial swelling, cavernous sinus abscess, periorbital inflammation, high fever, uncontrolled bleeding, dislodgment of intraoral appliances, or avulsed permanent teeth in children with underlying medical conditions. Immediate intervention is crucial in these cases to prevent life-threatening complications. Urgent dental emergencies, while not immediately life-threatening, require prompt attention to alleviate pain, prevent complications, and restore oral health. These include severe toothaches, dental infections, dental abscesses, and orthodontic emergencies like broken braces or protruding wires. Soft tissue injuries, foreign body impaction, and traumatic dental injuries like dental fractures, avulsion, tooth intrusions, extrusions, and dental luxations also fall under this category. Timely treatment is essential to prevent further complications and ensure the best possible outcome for affected teeth and tissues. Traumatic dental injuries can vary in severity, from minor enamel cracks to complete avulsions, and may require treatments like dental bonding, veneers, crowns, or reimplantation of avulsed teeth. Fractures of supporting bones or jaws may accompany these injuries, necessitating immobilization or surgical intervention. Mouthguards are recommended for individuals engaging in activities with a risk of dental trauma to reduce the likelihood of injuries.

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TENDLER, CRAIG, SUSAN GROSSMAN e JUDITH TENENBAUM. "Medication Dosages During Pediatric Emergencies: A Simple and Comprehensive Guide". Pediatrics 84, n. 4 (1 ottobre 1989): 731–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.84.4.731.

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Drug dosing during life-threatening pediatric emergencies is a source of stress for most physicians and nurses. This can be attributed to the lack of standardized drug doses for most pediatric medications, thus requiring time-consuming calculations with small margins of error. Anxiety may be further heightened by the infrequent occurrence of pediatric emergencies, resulting in a staffs limited experience with such crises. In an effort to reduce the potential for error and anxiety during administration of these pediatric critical care drugs, a majority of the major medical centers are currently using medication tables. Many prototypes have been published in the literature, but most require calculations and are incomplete in their content.

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Sul, Christina, e Sherif M. Badawy. "A Systematic Review of Pediatric and Adult In-Flight Medical Emergencies". International Journal of Pediatrics 2018 (25 novembre 2018): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/6596490.

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In-flight medical emergencies (IMEs) are acute onboard events of illnesses or injuries with potential immediate risk to a passenger’s short- or long-term health, or life. IMEs are significant events that are related to public safety concerns. With the increasing amount of annual air travel every year, it is expected that the number of encountered IMEs will continue to grow. Thus, it will be critical to develop and implement appropriate measures to manage IMEs with the best possible outcome. Despite the fact that most IMEs are self-limited with no serious adverse events, serious IME can lead to death, disability, or other unfavorable health outcomes, particularly as a result of suboptimal medical care. In this article, we systematically reviewed the published up-to-date evidence on the subject of in-flight emergencies with a specific focus on pediatric population.

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Eppich, Walter J., Mark D. Adler e William C. McGaghie. "Emergency and critical care pediatrics: use of medical simulation for training in acute pediatric emergencies". Current Opinion in Pediatrics 18, n. 3 (giugno 2006): 266–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.mop.0000193309.22462.c9.

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Arti, Km, Rina Kumari, Sciddhartha Koonwar e Anugrah Charan. "Effectiveness of an instructional module regarding first-aid of pediatric emergencies on knowledge among mothers of 1-6 years children". International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 8, n. 1 (23 dicembre 2020): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20205508.

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Background: The first aid is given to preserve and protect life, prevent further injury or deterioration of the victim, and help to promote recovery. The objectives of the study were to assess the pre- test knowledge scores regarding first aid of pediatric emergencies among mothers of 1-6 years children, to evaluate the effectiveness of an instructional module regarding first aid of pediatric emergencies on knowledge among mothers of 1-6 years children, to find out the association between the post-test knowledge scores of mothers with their demographic variables.Methods: Quasi-experimental with one group pre-test post-test design was used for 48 mothers at pediatric medical ward, surgery ward and trauma emergency KGMU, Lucknow and purposive sampling technique was used. Self-structured knowledge questionnaires on first aid of pediatric emergencies were used. Based on the objectives and the hypotheses the data were analyzed by using various statistical tests.Results: The result reveals that the overall score was 13.17 in pre-test and 20.13 in post- test after distribution of Instructional module to mothers 22 (45.83%) had good knowledge and 26 (54.17%) had average knowledge regarding first aid of selected conditions of pediatric emergencies. Paired ‘t’ test showed that there was a significant improvement between pre-test and post-test scores with a 't' value of -24.639, p<0.05.Conclusions: The study findings revealed that the Instructional module regarding first aid of Pediatric Emergencies was effective in improving knowledge of mothers of 1-6 years children.

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Reilly, M. "(A231) Deficiencies in the Preparedness of Emergency Medical Services Providers for Terrorist Incidents Involving Children". Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 26, S1 (maggio 2011): s63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x11002172.

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IntroductionRecent studies have discussed major deficiencies in the preparedness of emergency medical services (EMS) providers to effectively respond to disasters, terrorism and other public health emergencies. Lack of funding, lack of national uniformity of systems and oversight, and lack of necessary education and training have all been cited as reasons for the inadequate emergency medical preparedness in the United States.MethodsA nationally representative sample of over 285,000 emergency medical technicians (EMTs) and Paramedics in the United States was surveyed to assess whether they had received training in pediatric considerations for blast and radiological incidents, as part of their initial provider education or in continuing medical education (CME) within the previous 24 months. Providers were also surveyed on their level of comfort in responding to and potentially treating pediatric victims of these events. Independent variables were entered into a multivariate model and those identified as statistically significant predictors of comfort were further analyzed.ResultsVery few variables in our model caused a statistically significant increase in comfort with events involving children in this sample. Pediatric considerations for blast or radiological events represented the lowest levels of comfort in all respondents. Greater than 70% of respondents reported no training as part of their initial provider education in considerations for pediatrics following blast events. Over 80% of respondents reported no training in considerations for pediatrics following events associated with radiation or radioactivity. 88% of respondents stated they were not comfortable with responding to or treating pediatric victims of a radiological incident.ConclusionsOut study validates our a priori hypothesis and several previous studies that suggest deficiencies in preparedness as they relate to special populations - specifically pediatrics. Increased education for EMS providers on the considerations of special populations during disasters and acts of terrorism, especially pediatrics, is essential in order to reduce pediatric-related morbidity and mortality following a disaster, act of terrorism or public health emergency.

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Fuchs, Susan, David M. Jaffe e Katherine K. Christoffel. "Pediatric Emergencies in Office Practices: Prevalence and Office Preparedness". Pediatrics 83, n. 6 (1 giugno 1989): 931–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.83.6.931.

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Because of a nationally apparent increased interest in emergency medical services for children and the need for a greater understanding of the relationship between office pediatric and emergency department care of children, a questionnaire was mailed to practitioners to (1) describe office physician involvement with emergent conditions, and (2) evaluate physician office preparedness for pediatric emergencies. Responses were received from 280 pediatricians and family practitioners, including information regarding the availability of equipment and medication, physician training, and practice characteristics. Of the responding physicians, 62% reported that they assessed in their offices more than one child each week who required hospitalization or urgent treatment. A preparedness score was developed and multiple regression analysis was used to investigate the relationship between this score and physician and practice characteristics. The mean overall preparedness score was 53.7 of a possible 156 (range 5 to 136, SD = 31.3). Characteristics related to this score were type of practice and advanced cardiac life support certification. Large multispecialty practices and practices with physicians trained in advanced cardiac life support tended to have better preparedness scores. Family practitioners tended to have more complete stock of medications than pediatricians. The data presented suggested that critically ill children who enter the medical system via the office setting may have a better than even chance of finding the office unprepared to treat the emergency: in fewer than one third of the offices in which it was reported that at least one patient was seen weekly with asthma, anaphylaxis, sickle cell vasoocclusive crisis, status epilepticus, and sepsis were they fully equipped to treat emergencies related to these conditions. This finding suggests a need for further study of office-based care of life-threatening conditions and for the development of guidelines for office emergency preparedness.

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OUCHKER, I., N. MEKAOUI, M. BANOUAR, L. KARBOUBI e B. S. BENJELLOUN DAKHAMA. "CORRELATION BETWEEN THE INITIAL DIAGNOSIS IN PEDIATRIC MEDICAL EMERGENCIES DEPARTMENT AND THE FINAL DIAGNOSIS CONFIRMED AT THE LEVEL OF PEDIATRIC HOSPITAL DEPARTMENT". EPH - International Journal of Medical and Health Science 2, n. 1 (27 marzo 2016): 7–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.53555/eijmhs.v2i1.105.

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Introduction: Medical practice in the emergencies is particularly prone to diagnostic errors resulting not only in a potential delay risk of an effective treatment in therapeutic urgent cases, but also in the risk of subscribing unnecessary or even harmful treatments. Objective: The purpose of this study is to analyze the correlation between the initial diagnosis identified at the level of the emergencies department and the diagnosis being confirmed at the hospital medical department, with the aim of elaborating an action plan for a clinical approach to reduce diagnostic errors in the emergency department. Materials and methods: This study is a prospective and descriptive analytical one that builds on a compilation of the diagnostic hypotheses of patients who are admitted and hospitalized on the day of their admission to the pediatric emergencies department of the pediatric hospital Rabat. Patients with purely clinical confirmatory diagnoses as well as patients having a previously confirmed diagnosis were excluded from this study. The diagnostic hypotheses are discussed in the daily morning meeting of the department in order to discuss and retain the most probable initial diagnosis. The correlation is checked by following up on the file of the patient admitted in the pediatric department. Results: The study covered 100 initial diagnoses in the pediatric emergency department. The correlation was positive for 95 diagnoses (95% of the cases). There was a 5% negative correlation as follows: convulsion (1% of the cases), infectious endocarditis (1% of the cases), congenital heart disease (1% of the cases), pyelonephritis (1% of the cases), acid-ketotic decompensation (1% of the cases). Conclusion: It is crucial to have a structured and chronological questionnaire starting from the first abnormal symptom, and declining the main diagnostic hypotheses favoring therapeutic emergencies.

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Tortella, Bartholomew J., Annicol D. Marrocco, Robert F. Lavery e Noel Killeen. "Factors Influencing Treatment of Asthma in Children in the Prehospital Setting". Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 8, n. 3 (settembre 1993): 241–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00040437.

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AbstractStudy Objective:The purpose of this study is to describe treatment of asthma in children by paramedics.Design:Retrospective review of an advanced life support (ALS) run reports over a one-year period.Setting:Review of paramedic response to pediatric respiratory emergencies in an urban, primarily inner-city, prioritized, dual-response emergency medical services (EMS) system.Participants:Patients < 19 years of age complaining of shortness of breath, paramedics, pediatric residents, and attending physicians.Measurements and Main Results:The medical records of 383 patients were reviewed for demographic and medical information. The population was separated into an ALS treatment group (received ALS) and a NO-ALS group (evaluation and/or oxygen only). Sixty percent of the patients (n = 231) were classified into the ALS group; 89% received epinephrine. Sixty-six percent (n = 101) of the NO-ALS patients received evaluation only, and the remaining 34% (n = 51) were evaluated and received oxygen. The ALS patients were older and had significantly higher respiratory rates and accessory muscle use than did the NO-ALS patients. Relief was reported in 66 % of ALS patients. No adverse reactions were reported in the ALS group. Determining factors influencing ALS treatment included age, the use of medications at home, wheezing, accessory muscle use, respiratory rate, and presence or absence of upper respiratory infection (URI) symptoms.Conclusions:This study demonstrates that asthma constitutes the majority of pediatric emergencies in the prehospital setting in this inner-city EMS system. The ALS treatment of pediatric asthma improves patient status. Factors which may influence paramedic judgment in treating asthma in children may be inappropriate. There is a critical need for further research in the prehospital treatment of pediatric asthma and in developing education interventions directed at the entire spectrum of prehospital care of pediatric emergencies.

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Taraif, Zainab, e Hassan Haddad. "Self-Perceived Competence of Primary Healthcare Physicians in Managing Medical Emergencies in Health Centers; Kingdom of Bahrain: A Cross-Sectional Study". Journal of Medical Research and Reviews 1, n. 2 (2023): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/jmrr.20230809061019.

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Background: Primary care physicians (PCPs) are the first point of contact for individuals when seeking healthcare and the cornerstone for providing a wide variety of preventive and curative services. Family physicians and general practitioners in primary care often encounter medical emergencies and their role in dealing with emergencies is essential to improve the patient’s outcome. Data about self-perceived competence of primary care physicians in dealing with emergencies in primary care in the Kingdom of Bahrain are lacking. This study aims at assessing the self-perceived competence of primary healthcare physicians in dealing with emergencies in primary care settings. Methods: A descriptive questionnaire-based cross-sectional study of primary healthcare family physicians and general practitioners in the Kingdom of Bahrain was conducted in January to February 2022. A total of 375 family physicians and general practitioners working in health centers were identified from Ministry of health database and 7 element anonymous self-administered electronic questionnaires were sent to their email to evaluate their level of competence in managing emergencies. Results: out of 375 PCPs; 184 (45.5%) participated and returned answered questionnaires. Most of the PCPs were females 117 (83.6%) with median age of 35 years. Regarding the level of competency in managing emergencies the majority either agreed feeling competent (37.5%) or were not sure if they feel competent in managing emergencies in primary care(37.5%).The study did not find any statistical significance or correlation between the reported competency among primary care physicians(PCPs) and age (P=0.486), years of practice(P=0.462), specialty(P=0.053), or the attended course; basic life support (BLS)(p=0.334),advanced cardiovascular life support (ACLS) (P=0.156), advanced trauma life support (ATLS)(P=0.691), pediatric advanced life support (PALS) (P=0.920).Study revealed that highest number of participants reported not feeling comfortable in dealing with major and multiple traumas in adults (n= 67, 47.86%) and pediatrics (n= 63, 45%) . The lowest level of competence in performing emergency skills was found in transcutaneous pacing, cardioversion, and nasogastric tube (NGT) insertion at which PCPs reported that they wouldn’t know how to start transcutaneous pacing (n= 67, 47.9%), while (n= 51, 36.4%) would perform cardioversion and nasogastric tube insertion (n= 43, 30.7%) only if no-one else was available. Most PCPs (n= 137, 97.9%) think that they need training in emergencies and the preferred method is practical training in health center by qualified staff (n= 122, 87.1%). Conclusion: Based on study findings, more efforts should be directed towards practical training of healthcare physicians in dealing with emergencies and the barriers should be explored. More practical training sessions should be devoted to pediatric emergencies, transcutaneous pacing, and cardioversion.

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Figueroa-Uribe, Augusto F., Ivan Ilescas-Martínez, Humberto Villanueva-Chávez, Rodrigo Saavedra-Luna, Gabriela Mendoza-Besares e Michelle F. Vela-Díaz. "Abordaje del paciente pediátrico intoxicado en urgencias". Revista de la Facultad de Medicina Humana 22, n. 1 (7 settembre 2022): 669–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.25176/rfmh.v22i4.5091.

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Intoxications in the pediatric population account for a significant portion of the causes of care in emergency services, but they are also fatal in many cases in our country. Exposure to a toxic or poison and its adverse effects can become medical emergencies of great magnitude, which is why many authors consider them "multiple traumas of chemical origin.

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Jenkins, Peter C., Amber Lin, Stefanie G. Ames, Craig D. Newgard, Benjamin Lang, James E. Winslow, Jennifer R. Marin et al. "Emergency Department Pediatric Readiness and Disparities in Mortality Based on Race and Ethnicity". JAMA Network Open 6, n. 9 (5 settembre 2023): e2332160. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.32160.

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ImportancePresentation to emergency departments (EDs) with high levels of pediatric readiness is associated with improved pediatric survival. However, it is unclear whether children of all races and ethnicities benefit equitably from increased levels of such readiness.ObjectiveTo evaluate the association of ED pediatric readiness with in-hospital mortality among children of different races and ethnicities with traumatic injuries or acute medical emergencies.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study of children requiring emergency care in 586 EDs across 11 states was conducted from January 1, 2012, through December 31, 2017. Eligible participants included children younger than 18 years who were hospitalized for an acute medical emergency or traumatic injury. Data analysis was conducted between November 2022 and April 2023.ExposureHospitalization for acute medical emergency or traumatic injury.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. ED pediatric readiness was measured through the weighted Pediatric Readiness Score (wPRS) from the 2013 National Pediatric Readiness Project assessment and categorized by quartile. Multivariable, hierarchical, mixed-effects logistic regression was used to evaluate the association of race and ethnicity with in-hospital mortality.ResultsThe cohort included 633 536 children (median [IQR] age 4 [0-12] years]). There were 557 537 children (98 504 Black [17.7%], 167 838 Hispanic [30.1%], 311 157 White [55.8%], and 147 876 children of other races or ethnicities [26.5%]) who were hospitalized for acute medical emergencies, of whom 5158 (0.9%) died; 75 999 children (12 727 Black [16.7%], 21 604 Hispanic [28.4%], 44 203 White [58.2%]; and 21 609 of other races and ethnicities [27.7%]) were hospitalized for traumatic injuries, of whom 1339 (1.8%) died. Adjusted mortality of Black children with acute medical emergencies was significantly greater than that of Hispanic children, White children, and of children of other races and ethnicities (odds ratio [OR], 1.69; 95% CI, 1.59-1.79) across all quartile levels of ED pediatric readiness; but there were no racial or ethnic disparities in mortality when comparing Black children with traumatic injuries with Hispanic children, White children, and children of other races and ethnicities with traumatic injuries (OR 1.01; 95% CI, 0.89-1.15). When compared with hospitals in the lowest quartile of ED pediatric readiness, children who were treated at hospitals in the highest quartile had significantly lower mortality in both the acute medical emergency cohort (OR 0.24; 95% CI, 0.16-0.36) and traumatic injury cohort (OR, 0.39; 95% CI, 0.25-0.61). The greatest survival advantage associated with high pediatric readiness was experienced for Black children in the acute medical emergency cohort.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this study, racial and ethnic disparities in mortality existed among children treated for acute medical emergencies but not traumatic injuries. Increased ED pediatric readiness was associated with reduced disparities; it was estimated that increasing the ED pediatric readiness levels of hospitals in the 3 lowest quartiles would result in an estimated 3-fold reduction in disparity for pediatric mortality. However, increased pediatric readiness did not eliminate disparities, indicating that organizations and initiatives dedicated to increasing ED pediatric readiness should consider formal integration of health equity into efforts to improve pediatric emergency care.

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Sindi, Rafat S., Khalil S. Sendi, Shatha M. Albokhari e Mahmood A. Alreefi. "Pediatric Airway Emergency Referrals Requiring Surgical Management: A Five-Year Experience at King Abdulaziz University". Journal of King Abdulaziz University - Medical Sciences 22, n. 2 (1 aprile 2015): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4197/med.22-2.3.

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Pediatric airway emergencies are uncommon, however they are challenging. This study aims to describe our experience in the surgical management of pediatric airway emergencies. This was a retrospective chart review of the medical records of pediatric patients at the Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery of King Abdulaziz University Hospital, between November 2008 and November 2013. We recorded the age, gender, cause of referral, diagnosis, genetic disorders, surgery performed, and the need for further surgical intervention. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. 37 patients were included with ages between 45 days and 10 years. In most cases, patients were referred for failed extubation, followed by stride; Laryngomalacia was the most frequently diagnosed condition. Less common diagnoses included presence of a thick mucus plug, nearly half of the referred patients had neurological disorders; 40.5% and 27.0% of the patients had respiratory, and cardiovascular disorders, respectively. Bronchoscopy was the most frequently performed surgery, followed by tracheostomy. Less than half of the patients (45.9%) needed further surgical intervention. Pediatric airway emergencies referral is uncommon. Failure to extubate is the most common etiological factor and bronchoscopy is the most commonly performed procedure.

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Kotapuri, Sumathi, Mahendranath Putta e Sudharshanraj Chitgupikar. "Study of clinical and etiological profile of hypertensive emergencies in children admitted in pediatric emergency department". International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 8, n. 5 (27 aprile 2021): 797. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20211665.

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Background: Hypertension (HTN) in children, all though an uncommon entity is associated with end-organ damage. With increasing prevalence of hypertension and obesity in children; hypertensive emergencies are also increasing over recent years and screening is must. The primary objective of this study was to determine the incidence of hypertensive emergencies, the clinical presentation and etiological diagnosis at different age groups and to access the real burden of primary hypertension in causing hypertensive emergencies in children.Methods: This study was a prospective, descriptive, analytical cohort study done on children attending the emergency department of pediatrics, government general hospital, a tertiary referral pediatric center attached to Kurnool medical college, Kurnool, over a period of 18 months i.e., from january2016 to June 2017. Data was collected in a pre-determined proforma after institutional ethical committee clearance and appropriate informed concerned.Results: Among 98 children with hypertension; 30 had hypertensive emergency. Incidence was 0.3%. Intrinsic renal and renal vascular causes were the commonest. Headache, dizziness and vomiting were the comment presentation. Half of them had encephalopathy. Younger children had more of secondary HTN and in children (older than 7 years) primary hypertension increased as did family history of hypertension.Conclusions: With increasing primary hypertension among older children, hypertensive emergencies are increasing. As most of the children with HTN are asymptomatic; detection of target organ damage is vital.

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Kennedy, J. L., T. M. Thompson, T. T. Perry, A. M. Scurlock e S. M. Jones. "Medical Training in Common Pediatric Allergic Emergencies Using High Fidelity Patient Simulation Mannequins". Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 123, n. 2 (febbraio 2009): S48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2008.12.1134.

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Songer, Corinne N., Deborah S. Bondi, Lauren M. Oliveri, Jennie B. Jarrett e Kirsten H. Ohler. "Survey of Pediatric Pharmacy Residency Program Directors and Former Residents on Post-Graduate Training Paths". Journal of Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics 28, n. 6 (1 ottobre 2023): 530–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5863/1551-6776-28.6.530.

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Objective There are currently no data comparing outcomes of traditional vs pediatric-focused PGY1 residency programs. The primary objective of the survey was to identify if a difference in resident preparedness for a PGY2 pediatric pharmacy residency exists between these PGY1 program types. Methods This survey-based study included all PGY2 pediatric residency program directors (RPDs) in 2021 and PGY2 pediatric pharmacy residents who completed residency between 2016–2020. Information regarding training paths of residents, such as type of PGY1 completed, and preparedness at the start of a PGY2 pediatric residency was collected. Preparedness for both general and pediatric-specific elements were assessed. Results A total of 101 respondents were included: 36 RPDs and 65 previous residents. RPDs felt residents who completed a pediatric-focused PGY1 were more prepared in baseline knowledge of pediatric diseases; otherwise, residents were similar across residency types in their perceived preparation for a PGY2. Pediatric-focused PGY1 residents felt significantly more prepared in pediatric baseline knowledge (96% vs 75%, p = 0.002) and managing pediatric emergencies (96% vs 50%, p = 0.002) than those who completed a traditional PGY1 program. There was no difference for patient care or clinical research skills. Residents in both groups obtained pediatric pharmacist jobs and felt equally prepared for transitioning into their first post-residency job. Conclusions Despite a difference between the PGY1 resident groups in perceived baseline pediatric knowledge and preparedness to manage pediatric emergencies, similar post-residency jobs were obtained. Respondents felt equally prepared to begin their pediatric careers regardless of the type of PGY1 residency completed.

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Cinteza, Eliza Elena, Alin Marcel Nicolescu, Cristina Filip, Georgiana Nicolae, Gabriela Duica, Cosmin Alexandru Grigore e Hyam Mahmoud. "Interventional Treatment of Cardiac Emergencies in Children with Congenital Heart Diseases". Journal Of Cardiovascular Emergencies 5, n. 1 (1 marzo 2019): 7–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jce-2019-0002.

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Abstract Cardiac emergencies in children represent an extremely important issue in medical practice. In general, interventional treatment could be optional in many situations, however it can be indicated in emergency conditions. There are many diseases at pediatric age that can benefit from interventional treatment, thus reducing the surgical risks and subsequent complications. Balloon atrioseptostomy, patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) closure, percutaneous or hybrid closure of a ventricular septal defect, pulmonary or aortic valvuloplasty, balloon angioplasty for aortic coarctation, implantation of a stent for coarctation of the aorta, for severe stenosis of the infundibulum of the right ventricle, or for PDA correction are among the procedures that can be performed in emergency situations. This review aims to present the current state of the art in the field of pediatric interventional cardiology.

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Ahmed, Imtiaz, Muhammad Akbar, Fazila Hashmi, Roomana Qureshi, Ishrat Rahim e Karim Bux. "Neonatal Surgical Emergencies Immediate Referral". Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 16, n. 6 (30 giugno 2022): 1040–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs221661040.

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Background: This study was conducted to explore the circumstances around which neonates are referred to the pediatric surgical team of Liaquat University Hospital. This influences the surgical management of neonatal emergencies outcome which also turns on awareness of the conditions early diagnosis, proper resuscitation, excellent nursing care, and refer to the proper center, main requirement is the application of a basic neonatal transport unit, whenever necessary these neonates are referred to these centers from wherever they are born. Methods: It is a retrospective descriptive study carried out at Liaquat University Hospital Hyderabad Sindh. This study included every referral neonatal surgical emergency managed by the pediatric surgical team from June 2017 to May 2019. Data were obtained from the patient's files and operation theatre register. This study was conducted over two years from June 2017 to May 2018 in the department of pediatric surgery, Liaquat University of medical health sciences Jamshoro. All the neonates presenting with surgical emergencies were included irrespective of gender, mode of referral, and causes that warrant surgical exploration using sampling of convenience. However, neonates whose carers did not consent to be a part of the study were not included. Inform consent was taken from either of the parents reassuring them about confidentiality, as well as the treatment being unaffected had they chosen to withdraw from a study at any time. The study variables included age, sex, weight, and referral pattern, later data was analyzed using SPSS version 21. Results: Fifty-three neonates were operated in July 2017 to June 2020. Out of 53 neonates, 32 were male and 21 female. The male to female ratio is 1.5:1. Anorectal Malformation 12 (22.6%) Intestinal Atresia 6 (11.3%) and Pneumoperitoneum 5 (9.4%) Hirschsprung's disease 9 (13.2%). Neonates with low birth weight were 5 (9.4%). The basic neonatal referral & transport system was poorer. Age at the time of presentation ranges from 1 to 20 days, a median age was 3 days. Dehydration in mild, moderate, and severe was noted in 38 (71.6%) of the referral neonates. The leading cause of morbidity and mortality was sepsis, mortality was 7 (13.2%). Conclusion: Management of neonatal emergencies the morbidity and mortality were not as high compared to other developing countries. However, improvement in the outcomes will require awareness, early referral to the concerned department, and overcoming difficulties by providing a well-equipped hospital that will provide an outstanding nursing facility and a well-equipped neonatal transportation system. Keywords: Neonatal transport unit, Basic resuscitation, Good nursing care, Neonatal intensive care unit

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Newton, Amanda S., Samina Ali, David W. Johnson, Christina Haines, Rhonda J. Rosychuk, Rachel A. Keaschuk, Philip Jacobs e Terry P. Klassen. "A 4-year review of pediatric mental health emergencies in Alberta". CJEM 11, n. 05 (settembre 2009): 447–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1481803500011647.

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ABSTRACTObjective:We sought to determine and compare rates of pediatric mental health presentations and associated costs in emergency departments (EDs) in Alberta.Methods:We examined 16 154 presentations by 12 589 patients (patient age ≤ 17 yr) between April 2002 and March 2006 using the Ambulatory Care Classification System, a province-wide database for Alberta. The following variables of interest were extracted: patient demographics, discharge diagnoses, triage level, disposition, recorded costs for ED care, and institutional classification and location (i.e., rural v. urban, pediatric v. general EDs).Results:A 15% increase in pediatric mental health presentations was observed during the study period. Youth aged 13-17 years consistently represented the most common age group for first presentation to the ED (83.3%). Of the 16 154 recorded presentations, 21.4% were related to mood disorders and 32.5% to anxiety disorders. Presentations for substance misuse or abuse were the most prevalent reasons for a mental health-related visit (41.3%). Multiple visits accounted for more than one-third of all presentations. Presentations for mood disorders were more common in patients with multiple compared with single visits (29.3% v. 16.9%), and substance abuse or misuse presentations were more common in patients with single compared with multiple visits (47.4% v. 30.5%). The total direct ED costs for mental health presentations during the study period was Can$3.5 million.Conclusion:This study provides comprehensive data on trends of pediatric mental health presentation, and highlights the costs and return presentations in this population. Psychiatric and medical care provided in the ED for pediatric mental health emergencies should be evaluated to determine quality of care and its relationship with return visits and costs.

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Cummings, Brian M., Neil D. Fernandes, Lois F. Parker, Sarah A. Murphy e Phoebe H. Yager. "Standardized Volume Dosing Protocol of 23.4% Hypertonic Saline for Pediatric Critical Care: Initial Experience". Annals of Pharmacotherapy 54, n. 9 (18 febbraio 2020): 866–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1060028020907997.

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Background: Standardized volume dosing of 23.4% hypertonic saline (HTS) exists for adults, but the concentration, dosing and administration of HTS in pediatrics is variable. With emerging pediatric experience of 23.4% HTS, a standard volume dose approach may be helpful. Objective: To describe initial experience with a standardized 23.4% HTS weight-based volume dosing protocol of 10, 20, or 30 mL in the pediatric intensive care unit. Methods: Standard volume doses of 23.4% HTS were developed from weight dosing equivalents of 3% HTS. Pre and post sodium and intracranial pressure (ICP) measurements were compared with paired t-test or Wilcoxon rank-sum test. The site of administration and complications were noted. Results: A total of 16 pediatric patients received 37 doses of 23.4% HTS, with the smallest patient weighing 11 kg. For protocol compliance, 17 doses (46%) followed recommended dosing, 19 were less volume than recommended (51%), and 1 dose (3%) was more than recommended. Mean increase in sodium was 3.5 mEq/L (95% CI = 2-5 mEq/L); P < 0.0001. The median decrease in ICP was 10.5 mm Hg (interquartile range [IQR] 8.3-19.5) for a 37% (IQR 25%-64%) reduction. Most doses were administered through central venous access, although peripheral intravenous administrations occurred in 4 patients without complication. Conclusion and Relevance: Three standard-volume dose options of 23.4% HTS based on weight increases sodium and reduces ICP in pediatric patients. Standard-volume doses may simplify weight-based dosing, storage and administration for pediatric emergencies, although the optimum dose, and safety of 23.4% HTS in children remains unknown.

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Mack, A. "Technical Report—Pediatric and Adolescent Mental Health Emergencies in the Emergency Medical Services System". Yearbook of Psychiatry and Applied Mental Health 2013 (gennaio 2013): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ypsy.2011.10.002.

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Seidel, J. S. "Emergency Medical Services and the Pediatric Patient: Are the Needs Being Met? II. Training and Equipping Emergency Medical Services Providers for Pediatric Emergencies". Pediatric Emergency Care 3, n. 1 (marzo 1987): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006565-198703000-00016.

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Filipowska, C., R. Clark, W. Thomas-Boaz, M. Hillier, K. Pardhan, S. DeSousa, A. Ryzynski, N. Kester-Greene e Z. Alsharafi. "MP15: Innovative use of simulation to consolidate pediatric didactic curriculum. A pilot in emergency department continuing medical education". CJEM 20, S1 (maggio 2018): S45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cem.2018.169.

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Introduction: Our emergency department (ED) sees a low volume of high acuity pediatric cases. A needs assessment revealed that 68% of our Emergency Physicians (EP) manage pediatric patients in less than 25% of their shifts. The same percentage of EPs as well as ED nurses indicated they were uncomfortable managing a critically unwell neonate. Thus, an interprofessional curriculum focused on pediatric emergencies for ED staff was developed. In-situ simulation education was chosen as the most appropriate method to consolidate each didactic block of curriculum, and uncover important system gaps. Methods: Needs assessment conducted, and emerging themes informed IPE curriculum objectives. A committee of experts in simulation, pediatric emergencies and nursing education designed a full-day, RCPSC accredited, interprofessional in-situ simulation program. Results: Progressive segmental strategy maximized learning outcomes. The initial phase (2 hrs) comprised an” early recognition of sepsis” seminar and 4 rotating skills stations (equipment familiarity, sedating the child, IV starts, and mixing IV medication). This deliberate, adaptive, customized practice was enhanced by expert facilitation at each station, directly engaging participants and providing real-time feedback. The second phase allowed interprofessional teams of MDs, RNs and Physician Assistants to apply knowledge gained from the didactic and skills stations to in-situ simulated emergencies. Each group participated in two pediatric emergency scenarios. Scenarios ran 20 minutes, followed by a 40 minute debrief. Each scenario had a trained debriefer and content expert. The day concluded with a final debrief, attended by all participants. Formalized checklists assessed participants knowledge translation during simulation exercises. Participants assessed facilitators and evaluated the simulation day and curriculum via anonymous feedback forms. Debriefing sessions were scribed and knowledge gaps and system errors were recorded. Results were distributed to ED leaders and responsibilities assigned to key stakeholders to ensure accountability and improvement in system errors. Results All participants reported the experience to be relevant and helpful in their learning. All participants requested more frequent simulation days. System gaps identified included: use of metric vs imperial measurements, non-compatible laryngoscope equipment, inadequate identification of team personnel. As a result, the above-mentioned equipment has been replaced, and we are developing resuscitation room ID stickers for all team roles. Conclusion: Simulation as a culmination to a didactic curriculum provides a safe environment to translate acquired knowledge, increasing ED staff comfort and familiarity with rare pediatric cases. Additionally, is an excellent tool to reveal system gaps and allow us to fill these gaps to improve departmental functioning and safety.

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Skiredj, Aiat Allah, Fadoua Boughaleb, Loubna Aqqaoui, Toualouth Lafia, Assia Mouad, Mounir Erraji, Erraji Fouad Ettayebi e Houda Oubejja. "Epidemiological profile of unintentional accidents in children over a period of 4 years". E3S Web of Conferences 319 (2021): 01007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202131901007.

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Background: Unintentional injuries are one of the most important public health problems among children in developed and some developing countries. Aim: Our purpose is to determine the prevalence of everyday life unintentional injuries among children admitted for at least 24 hours in the pediatric surgical emergencies (PSE) department, Children’s hospital of Rabat, Morocco. Methods: A cross-sectional study of unintentional injuries in children was undertaken over 4 years (2016- 2019) in the pediatric surgical emergencies (PSE) department, Children’s hospital of Rabat, Morocco. The data were analysed by statistical software Jamovi 1.6.23. Drownings and foreign bodies were excluded. Results: 1204 patients were screened, of which 545 files were studied. The median age was 8 years[4;12] with 36,5% were less than 6 years old, 70,4% were boys. The most injuries occurred mostly during winters and summers (41,6 vs 33,8%). The medical insurance plan was provided by compulsory medical insurance (AMO) and RAMED (Medical Assistance Scheme) (30,4% and 46.5% respectively). The main circumstances were accidents of everyday life (52%) with predominance of falls. For the public road accident, pedestrians were predominant. Hospital stay did not exceed 24 hours (73%) mainly in the surgical emergency department.

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Shapovalov, KA, LA Shapovalova, SI Slutsky, NG Karakozova, VI Katorkin e AI Chugaev. "Pediatrics of disasters in the structure of professional training of pediatricians of the city children’s polyclinic to work in emergencies and terrorist acts: View from Russia". Journal of Advanced Pediatrics and Child Health 5, n. 1 (16 febbraio 2022): 004–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.29328/journal.japch.1001045.

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Introduction: Modern pediatrics of disasters is built on 5 basic principles: integrity, structure, causality, dynamism, and hierarchy. Material and methods: Methodological approaches were used: systemic, complex, integration, functional, dynamic, process, normative, quantitative, administrative, and situational, and methods: historical, analytical, and comparison. Techniques were used: grouping, absolute and relative values, detailing, and generalization. Results: The algorithms of actions of the doctor of the children’s clinic in the event of a fire, the receipt of a call about the laying of explosives and the threat of explosion were considered, the scope of the provision of first qualified aid to the pediatric nursing team was clarified. The issues of the organization of the first qualified and specialized medical care, taking into account the anatomical and physiological characteristics of children and adolescents, as well as medical tactics for small-medium, and large disasters in rural areas and cities are discussed. Conclusion: Pediatrics of disasters is an independent section of organizational and medical work in emergencies and terrorist acts, providing specialized medical care for at least 25% of victims, who are children and adolescents. The training of doctors of a specialized children’s polyclinic is regulated by regulatory documents of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Komi, Orders of the Ministry of Health of the region, a municipal formation, and a medical institution in the field of civil defense and emergency situations. In case of minor emergencies and disasters within the city boundaries with the occurrence of a single or a small number of group losses, medical support repeats that in road traffic accidents, with the exception of the organization and conduct of medical triage. In rural areas, it is required to attract additional medical and nursing teams (emergency medical aid teams), created on the basis of medical institutions of the victim and neighboring areas. At the same time, a forced maneuver by the forces and means of territorial health care is necessary for the medical evacuation of a significant part of the affected children to specialized institutions (departments) located in cities. The provision of psychological and psychiatric assistance to children and adolescents in emergencies is carried out on the basis of its basic modules (departments and offices of psychological and psychiatric assistance, and advisory mobile team of psychological and psychiatric assistance, anonymous psychological and psychiatric assistance by telephone).

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Ambardekar, Aditee P., Stephanie Black, Devika Singh, Justin L. Lockman, Allan F. Simpao, Alan J. Schwartz, Roberta L. Hales, David L. Rodgers e Harshad G. Gurnaney. "The impact of simulation‐based medical education on resident management of emergencies in pediatric anesthesiology". Pediatric Anesthesia 29, n. 7 (27 maggio 2019): 753–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/pan.13652.

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Selig, Harald F., Helmut Trimmel, Wolfgang G. Voelckel, Michael Hüpfl, Gerhard Trittenwein e Peter Nagele. "Prehospital pediatric emergencies in Austrian helicopter emergency medical service – a nationwide, population-based cohort study". Wiener klinische Wochenschrift 123, n. 17-18 (22 giugno 2011): 552–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00508-011-0006-z.

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Oliveira, Abílio Tiago Barros. "Worldwide Regulation of the Medical Emergency Kit and First Aid Kit". Aerospace Medicine and Human Performance 95, n. 6 (1 giugno 2024): 321–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3357/amhp.6374.2024.

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INTRODUCTION: On-board medical emergencies are increasing. Different geographies have different legislation and requirements for medical emergency kits and first aid kits. A comprehensive review to compare the contents of both kits was conducted, including the International Air Transport Association, European Union Aviation Safety Agency, and Federal Aviation Administration, as well as some from other geographical areas of the globe to cover continents and regions with the highest air traffic, such as Brazil, Kenya, Australia, and Taiwan.METHODS: On June 10, 2023, a search was conducted using standardized medical terms (medical subject headings) within the PubMed® database. The relevant terms identified were “Aircraft” and “Medical Emergencies”; articles published within the last 10 yr were filtered. Subsequently, even articles published before 2013 were consulted if cited by the initial ones. The main regulatory entities’ documentation was found using the Google search engine and consulted.CONCLUSIONS: It is impossible to be prepared for every emergency on board. Still, as doctors, we have a moral and ethical obligation to try to improve the outcomes of those emergencies. Getting a standardized report of every on-board emergency is crucial. That would make optimizing the items to include in the emergency and first aid kits easier. There are many similarities among the compared entities, but essential differences have been found. There is room for improvement, especially for pediatric travelers.Oliveira ATB. Worldwide regulation of the medical emergency kit and first aid kit. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2024; 95(6):321–326.

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Kim, Min-Jee, Youn-Jung Kim, Shin Ahn e Won Young Kim. "The pattern of emergency department utilization in pediatric patients who underwent interfacility transfers from the emergency department: a nationwide population-based study in South Korea, 2016-2018". Pediatric Emergency Medicine Journal 11, n. 1 (30 gennaio 2024): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.22470/pemj.2023.00885.

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Purpose: The shortage of pediatric emergency care has become a significant societal issue. This study investigated the usage pattern of emergency departments (EDs) by pediatric patients who underwent interfacility transfers (IFTs) in South Korea, focusing on cases involving single and double IFTs.Methods: This nationwide cross-sectional study included all pediatric patients (< 19 years) who underwent IFTs at regional and local emergency medical centers from 2016 through 2018, using data from the National Emergency Department Information System. After excluding unidentified cases, clinical features and ED use patterns were compared between patients with single IFT, i.e., an IFT after the initial ED visit, and those with double IFT, i.e., a sequential transfer from one medical facility to another.Results: Among 20,888 pediatric cases of IFTs in the ED, 21.0% of disease cases (3,070/14,624) and 11.4% of injury cases (691/6,038) experienced double IFTs. The double-transfer group showed a lower proportion of high acuity than the single-transfer group (22.6% vs. 15.0%; P < 0.001). However, median values of ED length of stay were longer in the double-transfer group, regardless of type of cases (disease: 163 minutes [single] vs. 218 minutes [double]; injury, 111 minutes vs. 172 minutes; all Ps < 0.001). Guardian’s request was a substantial reason for double IFT (disease, 29.9% [919/3,070]; injury, 56.4% [390/691]).Conclusion: Double IFT is common in pediatric patients and strains medical resources, regardless of severity. The high occurrence of double IFT driven by guardians’ requests rather than medical emergencies underscores the need for improved awareness of the emergency medical system among pediatric patients’ caregivers.

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Maya Shinde, Dr, Dr Shweta Chaudhary, Dr Smita Patil, Dr Chetana Jagtap, Dr Sanket Kunte e Dr Alok Patel. "Pediatric allergy: a common occurrence with multifarious implications". International Journal of Dental Research 9, n. 1 (29 giugno 2022): 16–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijdr.v9i1.31927.

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Pediatric professionals treat natureâ€™s most benevolent creation i.e., the child.It is important to focus not only on oral health but also on the overall health of the pediatric patient because oral health is an integral part of total development.There are various dental materials ranging from diagnosis to rehabilitation for the management of oral diseases that are not devoid of posing a potential risk of inducing allergic reactions to Pediatric patients in the dental setting.Most importantly, a dental practitioner must be trained in medical emergencies and be capable of resuscitating a patient. Not only the dentist but also the assistants present in the clinic should be trained on how to manage any allergic emergency conditions in children in dental settings.As some of these diseases have higher rates of morbidity and mortality, management of such conditions requires a multidisciplinary medical team approach consisting of physicians, dermatologists, Pediatric dentists, and ophthalmologists.So, this review involves in-detail information regarding what is an allergy, history of allergy, allergic and immunological responses of the oral mucosa, dental materials prone to allergies, its diagnosis, and treatment modalities in child hoping that it will be helpful to every practicing pediatric professional.Â Â

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Lowe, Rachel N., e Jennifer M. Trujillo. "Intranasal Glucagon: A New Way to Treat Hypoglycemic Emergencies". Annals of Pharmacotherapy 54, n. 8 (13 febbraio 2020): 780–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1060028020905846.

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Objective: To review the safety, efficacy, and administration of intranasal (IN) glucagon for the management of hypoglycemia. Data Source: A literature search of PubMed/MEDLINE (1995 to November 2019) using the terms intranasal glucagon, nasal glucagon, glucagon, hypoglycemia treatment, and hypoglycemia management was completed. Study Selection and Data Extraction: English-language studies evaluating IN glucagon were evaluated. Data Synthesis: IN glucagon is a newly approved product for the treatment of hypoglycemia in patients with diabetes, 4 years and older. Administered as a 3-mg dose, it was shown to be noninferior to intramuscular (IM) glucagon. In comparison trials, more than 98% of hypoglycemic events were treated successfully with IN glucagon in both pediatric and adult patients. In simulated and real-world studies, IN glucagon was administered in less than a minute for the majority of scenarios. IM glucagon took longer to administer, ranging from 1 to 4 minutes, and often, patients did not receive the intended full dose. Nausea and vomiting, known adverse events for glucagon, as well as local adverse events were most commonly reported with IN glucagon. Relevance to Patient Care and Clinical Practice: IN glucagon is safe, effective, easy to use, and does not require reconstitution prior to use, which can lead to faster delivery in a severe hypoglycemic event. It does not require age- or weight-based dosing. This delivery method offers an option for someone who fears needles or is uncomfortable with injections. Conclusion: IN glucagon is a safe, effective, easy to use, needle-free treatment option for severe hypoglycemia.

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Couto, TB, SC Farhat, GL Geis, O. Olsen e C. Schvartsman. "High-fidelity simulation versus case-based discussion for teaching medical students in Brazil about pediatric emergencies". Clinics 70, n. 6 (24 giugno 2015): 393–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2015(06)02.

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "MEDICAL / Pediatric Emergencies"

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