Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Médecine prédictive personnalisée"
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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Médecine prédictive personnalisée"
GOCKO, X. "EXERCER ET LA DIALECTIQUE". EXERCER 33, n. 188 (1 dicembre 2022): 435. http://dx.doi.org/10.56746/exercer.2022.188.435.
Testo completoPujol, P., S. Fodil-Chérif, J. L. Mandel, B. Baertschi, D. Sanlaville, D. Zarca, A. Toledano, P. Bloch e D. Geneviève. "Réflexions éthiques sur le dépistage génétique préconceptionnel en population générale : le débat français et l’avis de la Société Française de Médecine Prédictive et Personnalisée". Ethics, Medicine and Public Health 12 (gennaio 2020): 100439. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jemep.2019.100439.
Testo completoMorel, Jacques, e Denis Mulleman. "Rhumatologie, la multitude des options". médecine/sciences 35, n. 12 (dicembre 2019): 1029–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/medsci/2019204.
Testo completoOlivier, Delphine. "Personnaliser la prévention. Étude du projet de médecine prédictive d’Emanuel Cheraskin". Lato Sensu: Revue de la Société de philosophie des sciences 4, n. 2 (30 dicembre 2017): 24–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.20416/lsrsps.v4i2.733.
Testo completoBellivier, F. "Vers un traitement personnalisé de la dépression". European Psychiatry 29, S3 (novembre 2014): 554. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2014.09.356.
Testo completoVorspan, F., V. Bloch e S. Mouly. "La méthadone à l’heure de la médecine personnalisée : prédiction de la dose efficace ? Prédiction des effets secondaires ?" European Psychiatry 30, S2 (novembre 2015): S13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2015.09.044.
Testo completoHenry, C. "Le trouble bipolaire et ses biomarqueurs : quoi de neuf ?" European Psychiatry 29, S3 (novembre 2014): 557. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2014.09.364.
Testo completoOden, Élise. "La génomique équine : tour d’horizon des outils disponibles pour les applications actuelles et à venir". Le Nouveau Praticien Vétérinaire équine 17, n. 59 (2023): 48–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/npvequi/2024005.
Testo completoAngst, J. "Die Aktuellen Schwerpunkte der Psychiatrischen Forschung in der Schweiz". Psychiatry and Psychobiology 2, n. 2 (1987): 91–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0767399x00000730.
Testo completoWaeber, G. "Médecine prédictive ou personnalisée?" Forum Médical Suisse ‒ Swiss Medical Forum 9, n. 43 (21 ottobre 2009). http://dx.doi.org/10.4414/fms.2009.06971.
Testo completoTesi sul tema "Médecine prédictive personnalisée"
Gorenjak, Vesna. "Stratégies de médecine personnalisée pour l’étude et l’utilisation de nouveaux biomarqueurs". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORR0106/document.
Testo completoThe fight against common chronic diseases requires the implementation of new risk prediction and prevention strategies. Personalised medicine offers sophisticated approaches for management of the morbidities of the ageing population. In this thesis, inspired by the principles of personalised medicine, we describe an integrative approach combining “-omics” methodologies. We use a model of a “common denominator” for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and other chronic diseases to identify biomarkers linked with common diseases risk factors and molecular pathways. With the investigation of genetic variants, located in the region of the TREM2 gene, we identified the association of SNP rs6918289 with increased levels of TNF-α and intima-media thickness of the femoral artery. With the use of epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS), we identified novel epigenetic biomarkers related to common diseases risk factors: central obesity and lipid levels. One methylation site (CpG) was associated with increased waist circumference (cg16170243), which could explain the epigenetic regulation of central obesity. Moreover, an EWAS of the triglyceride levels identified two significant CpG sites, one of which was replicated in the adipose tissue (cg04580029), giving insights into epigenetic regulation of lipid levels. An EWAS was also used to study the epigenetics of VEGF-A levels; 20 CpG sites were identified and their relations with VEGF-A regulation were analysed through detailed bioinformatics analysis. VEGF-A was further investigated for its relation with 11 cytokines. VEGF-A protein levels were associated with IL-4, MCP1 and EGF. Specific VEGF-A mRNA isoforms were also investigated for their association with cytokines; VEGF165 showed associations with MCP1 and IL-1α and VEGF189 with IL-4 and IL-6. Together with another important biomarker, TL, we studied the role of VEGF-A in atherosclerosis and identified one VEGF-A related genetic variant associated with telomere attrition, which could present a common denominator of chronic diseases. The employment of diverse methodologies for the investigation of common chronic diseases risk factors and pathways provided new diagnostic markers and generated results, which could help to improve the diseases risk prediction based on the individual genetic “make-up”. New insights into associations between different biomarkers might help in understanding the pathophysiological pathways common between CVDs and other chronic diseases
Alcenat, Stéphane. "Assurance maladie et tests génétiques". Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UBFCB002.
Testo completoThis thesis includes three main contributions. The first chapter, an article published in 2019 in the “Revue Française d’Économie n°2/vol XXXIV”, provides a literature review on the implications of genetic testing regulations on the health insurance market. We show that the choice of a regulation results from a trade-off between the maximization of ex-ante social welfare and incentive to undertake prevention actions. Indeed, this trade-off depends on the way information acquisition impacts prevention and revelation behaviors of agents, as well as of its impact on insurance contract. The second chapter studies theoretically how reclassification impacts testing and prevention decision as well as social welfare in the Disclosure Duty regulation. In particular, we show that the incentives of agents to take genetic with reclassification can be higher than without reclassification according to the effort cost. In addition, we show how time preferences affect the incentive to take genetic testing. Finally, we show that the social welfare is strictly higher without reclassification than with reclassification. The last chapter studies and characterizes contracts that can be implemented to develop personalized medicine with highly effective treatment in context of moral hazard about firm effort to improve drug efficacy. It also studies how the non-observability of effort impacts the decision of a health authority to implement personalized medicine with highly effective treatments. We consider a model in which the health authority has three possibilities. It can apply either the same treatment (a standard or a new treatment) to the whole population or implement personalized medicine, i.e., use genetic information to offer the most suitable treatment to each patient. We first characterize the drug reimbursement contract of a firm producing a new treatment with a companion genetic test when the firm can undertake an effort to improve drug quality. Then, we determine the conditions under which personalized medicine should be implemented when this effort is observable and when it is not. Finally, we show how the unobservability of effort affects the conditions under which the health authority implements personalized medicine
Cissoko, Mamadou Ben Hamidou. "Adaptive time-aware LSTM for predicting and interpreting ICU patient trajectories from irregular data". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2024. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/restreint/theses_doctorat/2024/CISSOKO_MamadouBenHamidou_2024_ED269.pdf.
Testo completoIn personalized predictive medicine, accurately modeling a patient's illness and care processes is crucial due to the inherent long-term temporal dependencies. However, Electronic Health Records (EHRs) often consist of episodic and irregularly timed data, stemming from sporadic hospital admissions, which create unique patterns for each hospital stay. Consequently, constructing a personalized predictive model necessitates careful consideration of these factors to accurately capture the patient's health journey and assist in clinical decision-making. LSTM networks are effective for handling sequential data like EHRs, but they face two significant limitations: the inability to interpret prediction results and to take into account irregular time intervals between consecutive events. To address limitations, we introduce novel deep dynamic memory neural networks called Multi-Way Adaptive and Adaptive Multi-Way Interpretable Time-Aware LSTM (MWTA-LSTM and AMITA) designed for irregularly collected sequential data. The primary objective of both models is to leverage medical records to memorize illness trajectories and care processes, estimate current illness states, and predict future risks, thereby providing a high level of precision and predictive power
Mboup, Bassirou. "Validation de biomarqueurs prédictifs de la réponse au traitement : extension des courbes de prédictivités à un critère de jugement censuré On Evaluating How Well a Biomarker Can Predicttreatment Response With Survival Data Insights for Quantifying the Long-Term Benefit of Immunotherapy Using Quantile Regression". Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASR011.
Testo completoIt is common in oncology to want to determine whether or not only a subgroup of patients will benefit from a treatment. This is one of the paradigms of personalized or stratified medicine. Predictive biomarkers are often used to select these patients and most of these biomarkers are continuous. For example genomic signatures such as Oncotype-Dx. A methodology for evaluating a biomarker with binary response has been proposed in the literature. The objective of this thesis is in first work to extend this methodology with right-censored data and to determine at different prediction horizons the optimal threshold of the biomarker beyond which treatment will be attributed or avoided. A model whose estimates of these parameters are based on inverse censored probability weights is proposed to provide consistent estimators. An extension of the predictiveness curves will be carried out. In a second work, a test of the calibration hypothesis with right-censored data has been proposed. This test will be valid beyond the 60% censoring rate contrary to those already existing in the literature and will allow us to study the influence of a bad calibration on the determination of the threshold. A third work focuses on the determination of the threshold of a new prognostic biomarker for ovarian cancer in order to classify patients at high or low risk of relapse. Finally, a fourth work consists in illustrating the relevance of the censored quantile regression for quantifying the long term benefit of immunotherapy in a reconstructed data set from a single randomized trial. The proposed methodology can be readilty employed for individual patients data meta-analysis to summarize evidence of immunotherapy as quantified by the upper quantile of the survival distribution
Fu, Yu. "Analyse intégrative de données génomiques et pharmacologiques pour une meilleure prédiction de la réponse aux médicaments anti-cancer". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS560.
Testo completoIntegrated analysis of genomic and pharmacological data to better predict the response to targeted therapiesThe use of targeted therapies in the context of cancer personalized medicine has shown great improvement of patients’ treatment in different cancer types. However, while the therapeutic decision is based on a single molecular alteration (for example a mutation or a gene copy number change), tumors will show different degrees of response. In this thesis, we demonstrate that a therapeutic decision based on a unique alteration is not optimal and we propose a mathematical model integrating genomic and pharmacological data to identify new single predictive biomarkers as well as combinations of biomarkers of therapy response. The model was trained using two public large-scale cell line data sets (the Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer, GDSC and the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia, CCLE) and validated with cell line and clinical data. Additionally, we also developed a new method for improving the detection of somatic mutations using whole exome sequencing data and propose a new tool, cmDetect, freely available to the scientific community
Blangero, Yoann. "Méthodologie de l’évaluation des biomarqueurs prédictifs quantitatifs et de la détermination d’un seuil pour leur utilisation en médecine personnalisée". Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE1125/document.
Testo completoIn France, the cancer research is a major public health issue. The number of new cancer cases nearly doubled between 1980 and 2012. The heterogeneity of the tumor characteristics, for a given cancer, presents a great challenge in the research of new effective treatments. In this context, much hope is placed in the research of predictive (or treatment selection) biomarkers that reflect the patients’ characteristics in order to guide treatment choice. For example, in the metastatic colorectal cancer setting, it is admitted that the addition of cetuximab (an anti-EGFR) to classical chemotherapy (the FOLFOX4), only improve the outcome of patients with KRAS wild-type tumors. In that context, the KRAS gene is a binary treatment selection marker, but plenty of biomarkers result from some quantifications or dosage measurements. The first aim of this thesis is to quantify the global treatment selection ability of a biomarker. After a review of the existing litterature, a method based on an extension of ROC curves is proposed and compared to existing methods. Its main advantage is that it is non-parametric, and that it does not depend on the mean risk of event in each treatment arm. In a second time, when a quantitative treatment selection biomarker is assessed, there is a need to estimate a marker thereshold value above which one treatment is preferred, and below which the other treatment is recommended. An approach that relies on the definition of a utility function is proposed in order to take into account both efficacy and toxicity of treatments when estimating the optimal threshold. A Bayesian method for the estimation of the optimal threshold is proposed
Bellón, Molina Víctor. "Prédiction personalisée des effets secondaires indésirables de médicaments". Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLEM023/document.
Testo completoAdverse drug reaction (ADR) is a serious concern that has important health and economical repercussions. Between 1.9%-2.3% of the hospitalized patients suffer from ADR, and the annual cost of ADR have been estimated to be of 400 million euros in Germany alone. Furthermore, ADRs can cause the withdrawal of a drug from the market, which can cause up to millions of dollars of losses to the pharmaceutical industry.Multiple studies suggest that genetic factors may play a role in the response of the patients to their treatment. This covers not only the response in terms of the intended main effect, but also % according toin terms of potential side effects. The complexity of predicting drug response suggests that machine learning could bring new tools and techniques for understanding ADR.In this doctoral thesis, we study different problems related to drug response prediction, based on the genetic characteristics of patients.We frame them through multitask machine learning frameworks, which combine all data available for related problems in order to solve them at the same time.We propose a novel model for multitask linear prediction that uses task descriptors to select relevant features and make predictions with better performance as state-of-the-art algorithms. Finally, we study strategies for increasing the stability of the selected features, in order to improve interpretability for biological applications
Camus, Claire. "La transcriptomique au service d'une médecine personnalisée : caractérisation physiopathologique et prédiction de réponse thérapeutique. Cas de l'infection par le virus de l'hépatite C et de la polyarthrite rhumatoïde". Thesis, Aix-Marseille 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX22063.
Testo completoThe identification of biomarkers and new therapeutic targets is a major challenge of biomedical research for the development of personalized medicine. The objective of this thesis is to study, using DNA microarrays, transcriptional modulations associated with the pathogenesis and therapeutic response in the case of two diseases: infection with Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) and Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA).Predictive biomarkers of response to standard interferon treatment were identified using an ex vivo cell model. Furthermore, analysis of expression data of two models of infection with HCV (replicon and infectious) has highlighted the transcriptional modulations resulting from the antiviral activity of chloroquine, a potential anti-HCV alternative. In the case of RA, we have identified biomarkers whose expression correlates with the therapeutic success of Enbrel anti-TNF drug
Bendifallah, Sofiane. "Prédiction et modélisation du risque dans le cancer de l'endomètre de stade précoce". Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066319.
Testo completoWith the abundance of new options in diagnostic and treatment modalities, a shift in the medical decision process for endometrial cancer has been observed. The emergence of individualized medicine and the increasing complexity of available medical data have lead to the development of prediction models. In endometrial cancer, those clinical models (algorithms, nomograms, and risk scoring systems) have been reported, for stratifying and subgrouping patients, with various unanswered questions regarding such things as the optimal surgical staging for lymph node metastasis as well as the assessment of recurrence and survival outcomes. Through this manuscript we developed the question of the risk stratification for recurrence at the population level and the probability of lymph node involvement estimation at an individual level in early stage endometrial cancer. This double approach was adopted with the aim to illustrate the interest of these tools in clinical practice. At the population level, we proposed: i) a comparison of the main international clinicopathological classifications ii) a new clinicopathological classification based on a pathological predictor iii) two risk stratification systems for recurrence and lymph node metastasis. At the individual level we developed: i) a reproducible methodology for external validation of predictive models, ii) a specific clinic pathological nomogram for lymph node metastasis. In the future, the emerging field of molecular or biochemical markers research may substantially improve the predictive approach for preventive and curative strategies in endometrial cancer
Cherifa-Luron, Ményssa. "Prédiction des épisodes d'hypotension à partir de données longitudinales à haute fréquence recueillies auprès de patients en soins intensifs". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris Cité, 2021. https://wo.app.u-paris.fr/cgi-bin/WebObjects/TheseWeb.woa/wa/show?t=8076&f=67992.
Testo completoThe digital revolution in healthcare, reflected in both the centralization of and access to extensive medical databases and the considerable advances in artificial intelligence (AI), has created new opportunities for data science applied to medicine. Putting the patient at the heart of the health care system, developing these new technologies guarantees a more personalized medicine by identifying more predictive factors and individual prognosis. This thesis work is entirely in line with the concept of personalized medicine. More precisely, it is an example of medical AI's development and concrete application to predict hypotension and, more broadly, of states of shock, frequent pathologies affecting more than one-third of patients hospitalized in intensive care. Indeed, shock, defined as a failure of the circulatory system leading to an inadequacy between the supply and the peripheral tissue needs in oxygen, is considered a diagnostic and therapeutic emergency. Therefore, anticipating hypotension, one of its main symptoms, can be extremely useful to make better therapeutic decisions and, in some cases, prevent the onset of organ failure from the beginning by appropriately adjusting the therapy. In addition, the ability to predict future deterioration can be beneficial to assist in the proactive assignment of care teams within hospital departments. The first part of this thesis work focused on using and applying a machine learning-based ensemble algorithm, the Super Learner (SL), to predict the occurrence of a hypotensive episode 10 minutes or more in advance in patients hospitalized in the ICU. This work demonstrated that physiological signals could be integrated into predictive models when dealing with massive data without requiring complex pre-processing methods to be exploited. Also, the SL was far superior to each of the algorithms included in its library, as evidenced by its lower errors and good values of sensitivity and specificity values during its internal and external evaluation. Then, to mimic the way that clinicians are trained to jointly analyze the evolution of mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) given their close physiological interdependence, we developed a deep learning model, the Physiological Deep Learner (PDL), to predict MAP and HR simultaneously. We highlighted that the use of a multitasking algorithm outperformed the prediction performance of single-tasking algorithms. Indeed, compared to a more traditional approach, our PDL achieved better performance, exhibiting a better calibration profile and fewer errors. In addition, the PDL was able to predict with high accuracy the occurrence or non-occurrence of a hypotensive episode up to 60 minutes in advance
Capitoli di libri sul tema "Médecine prédictive personnalisée"
Boige, V., G. Manceau e P. Laurent-Puig. "Valeur pronostique et prédictive des signatures moléculaires dans les cancers colo-rectaux". In Médecine personnalisée en cancérologie digestive, 129–39. Paris: Springer Paris, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-2-8178-0527-6_10.
Testo completoNeuzillet, C., M. Bouattour, E. Raymond e S. Faivre. "Biomarqueurs prédictifs d’efficacité". In Médecine personnalisée en cancérologie digestive, 289–304. Paris: Springer Paris, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-2-8178-0527-6_20.
Testo completoMalka, D. "Facteurs prédictifs d’efficacité des anticorps anti-angiogéniques de la voie du VEGF". In Médecine personnalisée en cancérologie digestive, 223–39. Paris: Springer Paris, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-2-8178-0527-6_16.
Testo completoBibeau, F., e J. P. Metges. "Biomarqueurs prédictifs d’efficacité : immunohistochimie et hybridation in situ dans le cancer gastrique". In Médecine personnalisée en cancérologie digestive, 259–71. Paris: Springer Paris, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-2-8178-0527-6_18.
Testo completoPointreau, Y., C. Fréneaux, T. Bejan-Angoulvant e H. Watier. "Anticorps thérapeutiques et réactions à la perfusion : cas de l’anaphylaxie au cétuximab et facteurs prédictifs". In Médecine personnalisée en cancérologie digestive, 193–206. Paris: Springer Paris, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-2-8178-0527-6_14.
Testo completoZalila, Zyed. "Chapitre 36. L’intelligence artificielle floue augmentée : vers une médecine prédictive personnalisée". In Architecture et ingénierie à l'hôpital, 271–82. Presses de l’EHESP, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/ehesp.lange.2018.01.0271.
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