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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Mechanically interlocked molecules (MIMs)":

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van Maarseveen, Jan H., Milo D. Cornelissen e Simone Pilon. "Covalently Templated Syntheses of Mechanically Interlocked Molecules". Synthesis 53, n. 24 (8 ottobre 2021): 4527–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1665-4650.

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AbstractMechanically interlocked molecules (MiMs), such as catenanes and rotaxanes, exhibit unique properties due to the mechanical bond which unites their components. The translational and rotational freedom present in these compounds may be harnessed to create stimuli-responsive MiMs, which find potential application as artificial molecular machines. Mechanically interlocked structures such as lasso peptides have also been found in nature, making MiMs promising albeit elusive targets for drug discovery. Although the first syntheses of MiMs were based on covalent strategies, approaches based on non-covalent interactions rose to prominence thereafter and have remained dominant. Non-covalent strategies are generally short and efficient, but do require particular structural motifs which are difficult to alter. In a covalent approach, MiMs can be more easily modified while the components may have increased rotational and translational freedom. Both approaches have complementary merits and combining the unmatched efficiency of non-covalent approaches with the scope of covalent syntheses may open up vast opportunities. In this review, recent covalently templated syntheses of MiMs are discussed to show their complementarity and anticipate future developments in this field.1 Introduction2 Tetrahedral Templates2.1 A Carbonate Template for Non-Rusty Catenanes2.2 All-Benzene Catenanes on a Silicon Template2.3 Backfolding from Quaternary Carbon3 Planar Templates3.1 Rotaxanes Constructed in a Ring3.2 Hydrindacene as a Dynamic Covalent Template3.3 Templating on Tri- and Tetrasubstituted Benzenes4 Conclusion
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Krajnc, Matthias, e Jochen Niemeyer. "BINOL as a chiral element in mechanically interlocked molecules". Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry 18 (6 maggio 2022): 508–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjoc.18.53.

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In this minireview we present the use of the axially chiral 1,1'-binaphthyl-2,2'-diol (BINOL) unit as a stereogenic element in mechanically interlocked molecules (MIMs). We describe the synthesis and properties of such BINOL-based chiral MIMs, together with their use in further diastereoselective modifications, their application in asymmetric catalysis, and their use in stereoselective chemosensing. Given the growing importance of mechanically interlocked molecules and the key advantages of the privileged chiral BINOL backbone, we believe that this research area will continue to grow and deliver many useful applications in the future.
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Kwan, Chak-Shing, e Ken Cham-Fai Leung. "Development and advancement of rotaxane dendrimers as switchable macromolecular machines". Materials Chemistry Frontiers 4, n. 10 (2020): 2825–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0qm00368a.

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Rotaxane dendrimers are a newly emerging large family of mechanically interlocked molecules (MIMs), which combine the concept of molecular switching properties into hyperbranched dendrimers to render new macromolecular machines.
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Stasyuk, Anton, Olga Stasyuk, Miquel Solà e Alexander A. Voityuk. "(Invited) Photoinduced Electron Transfer in Mechanically Interlocked Suit[3]Ane Systems". ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, n. 57 (9 ottobre 2022): 2183. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-02572183mtgabs.

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Mechanically interlocked molecules (MIMs) attract significant attention of scientists over the past few decades due to their unusual architecture. For a long time, architectures of MIMs were represented by catenanes, rotaxanes, molecular knots, and their derivatives. Only several years ago, a new type of MIMs that do not possess interlocked rings or dumbbell shaped molecule threaded through a macroring was introduced. Suitanes – a class of MIMs, which consist of two separate components - contains a body with two or more rigid limbs protruding outwards and a close-fitting, all-in-one suit. We present the results of computational modelling of the photoinduced processes in the recently reported by F. Stoddart two-component MIM - suit[3]ane, and similar systems with aromatic 3-fold symmetric bodies.[1] The reported suit[3]ane contains a benzotrithiophene (BTT) derivative with three n-hexyl substituents (BTT-3C6 ) as a body and 3-fold symmetric pyridinium-based cage, namely HexaCage6+ (HC6+∙6PF6 - ), as a suit. Analysis of the ground state properties of the suit[3]anes show that low LUMO of HC6+∙6PF6 - and its ability to delocalize charge make this cage an efficient electron acceptor. The TDDFT calculations for a series of inclusion complexes (HC6+∙6PF6 - ⊃ XXX, where XXX are aromatic 3-fold symmetric bodies) revealed that the photoinduced electron transfer process is favorable not only for the complexes with strong donors, such as thiatruxene or benzotrithiophenes, but also for poor donors, such as benzotrifuran. The photoinduced charge separation in the studied complexes occurs on a picosecond time scale. The computations predicts very similar electronic properties not only for single unit of suit[3]ane but also for its aggregates. The high stability of suit[3]anes in combination with their photoinduced electron transfer properties makes this new class of interlocked molecules promising materials for photovoltaic applications.[2] References: [1] J. F. Stoddart et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2020, 142, 20152. [2] A.J. Stasyuk et al., J. Mater. Chem. C, 2021, 9, 9436. Figure 1
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Stoddart, J. Fraser. "Mechanically Interlocked Molecules (MIMs)-Molecular Shuttles, Switches, and Machines (Nobel Lecture)". Angewandte Chemie International Edition 56, n. 37 (16 agosto 2017): 11094–125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.201703216.

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Schröder, Hendrik V., e Christoph A. Schalley. "Tetrathiafulvalene – a redox-switchable building block to control motion in mechanically interlocked molecules". Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry 14 (20 agosto 2018): 2163–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjoc.14.190.

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With the rise of artificial molecular machines, control of motion on the nanoscale has become a major contemporary research challenge. Tetrathiafulvalenes (TTFs) are one of the most versatile and widely used molecular redox switches to generate and control molecular motion. TTF can easily be implemented as functional unit into molecular and supramolecular structures and can be reversibly oxidized to a stable radical cation or dication. For over 20 years, TTFs have been key building blocks for the construction of redox-switchable mechanically interlocked molecules (MIMs) and their electrochemical operation has been thoroughly investigated. In this review, we provide an introduction into the field of TTF-based MIMs and their applications. A brief historical overview and a selection of important examples from the past until now are given. Furthermore, we will highlight our latest research on TTF-based rotaxanes.
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Stoddart, J. Fraser. "Putting Mechanically Interlocked Molecules (MIMs) to Work in Tomorrow’s World". Angewandte Chemie International Edition 53, n. 42 (24 settembre 2014): 11102–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.201408043.

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Anghel, Cătălin C., Teodor A. Cucuiet, Niculina D. Hădade e Ion Grosu. "Active-metal template clipping synthesis of novel [2]rotaxanes". Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry 19 (20 novembre 2023): 1776–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjoc.19.130.

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Mechanically interlocked molecules (MIMs) have been important synthetic targets in supramolecular chemistry due to their beautiful structures and intriguing properties. We present herein a new synthetic strategy to access [2]rotaxanes, namely active-metal template clipping. We discuss the design of the target [2]rotaxanes, synthesis and characterization of the axle, macrocycle precursors and macrocycles as well as preparation of the final [2]rotaxanes by active template copper(I)-catalyzed alkyne–azide cycloaddition (CuAAC) as key step of the synthesis. HRMS and NMR experiments have been performed to confirm the formation of the interlocked structures.
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Rashid, Showkat, Yusuke Yoshigoe e Shinichi Saito. "Phenanthroline based rotaxanes: recent developments in syntheses and applications". RSC Advances 12, n. 18 (2022): 11318–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d2ra01318e.

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The advancements in the field of mechanically interlocked molecular systems (MIMs) has concurrently restructured the material chemistry frontiers and provided ample scope to explore new dimensions for applications and diversity creation.
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Barin, Gokhan, Ross S. Forgan e J. Fraser Stoddart. "Mechanostereochemistry and the mechanical bond". Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 468, n. 2146 (9 maggio 2012): 2849–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2012.0117.

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The chemistry of mechanically interlocked molecules (MIMs), in which two or more covalently linked components are held together by mechanical bonds , has led to the coining of the term mechanostereochemistry to describe a new field of chemistry that embraces many aspects of MIMs, including their syntheses, properties, topologies where relevant and functions where operative. During the rapid development and emergence of the field, the synthesis of MIMs has witnessed the forsaking of the early and grossly inefficient statistical approaches for template-directed protocols, aided and abetted by molecular recognition processes and the tenets of self-assembly. The resounding success of these synthetic protocols, based on templation, has facilitated the design and construction of artificial molecular switches and machines, resulting more and more in the creation of integrated functional systems. This review highlights (i) the range of template-directed synthetic methods being used currently in the preparation of MIMs; (ii) the syntheses of topologically complex knots and links in the form of stable molecular compounds; and (iii) the incorporation of bistable MIMs into many different device settings associated with surfaces, nanoparticles and solid-state materials in response to the needs of particular applications that are perceived to be fair game for mechanostereochemistry.

Tesi sul tema "Mechanically interlocked molecules (MIMs)":

1

Becharguia, Nihed. "Préparation de rotaxanes incorporant une sous-unité pillar[5]arène". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023STRAF058.

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Les rotaxanes constituent un domaine de recherche particulièrement actif en chimie. Dans cette thèse, nous décrivons le potentiel de la stratégie de synthèse développée dans notre groupe pour la synthèse de rotaxanes par des réactions d’échange de bouchons. Nous avons ainsi montré qu’un [2]rotaxane possédant deux bouchons activés peut être mono-fonctionnalisé avec des rendements quasi-quantitatifs. Les dérivés de [2]rotaxanes mono-fonctionnalisés peuvent alors être utilisés pour conduire soit à des [2]rotaxanes, soit à des [3]rotaxanes, suivant la nature de la diamine utilisée. Ces méthodes de synthèse ont alors été utilisées pour la préparation de machines moléculaires. Nous avons montré que la position de macrocycle peut être contrôlée par un stimulus acide-base
Rotaxanes are a particularly active field of research in chemistry. In this thesis we describe the potential of the synthesis strategy developed in our group for the synthesis of new rotaxanes by the stopper exchange method. We have shown that a [2]rotaxane with two activated stoppers can be mono-functionalized in almost quantitative yields. To further explore the potential of mono-functionalized [2]rotaxane derivatives, we then used to give either [2]rotaxanes or [3]rotaxanes, depending on the nature of the diamine used. These synthetic methods were then used to prepare molecular machines. We have shown that the position of the macrocycle can be controlled by an acid-base stimulus
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Vidonne, Annick. "Integrating replication processes with mechanically interlocked molecules". Thesis, St Andrews, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/913.

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Rahman, Habibur. "Mechanically interlocked and redox switchable molecules at surfaces". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:1843aa56-2c40-4a97-9e2d-6ce600f9041f.

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This thesis explores the surface assembly of mechanically interlocked molecular architectures at gold surfaces for potential applications in molecular switches, anion sensing and stimuli (redox and optical) responsive molecular films. Chapter One introduces the field of mechanically interlocked molecules focusing on rotaxane and catenane surface assemblies in the form of single molecule thick self-assembled monolayers. A review of the surface-attached characteristics of mechanically interlocked molecules is given before exploring specific anion template directed strategies for their construction. The potential to incorporate both redox-active and optically-active functional groups within these mechanically interlocked molecules is also discussed. Chapter Two provides the experimental details and procedures employed in this thesis to characterise the molecular systems under investigation. Chapter Three introduces several surface characterisation techniques such as; ellipsometry, contact angle, X-ray reflectivity and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, with a particular focus of applying these tools to probe the surface co-conformation of switchable and interlocked molecules at surfaces. Electroanalytical techniques such as cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry and electrical impedance spectroscopy are also introduced. Chapter Four details the surface assembly of a series of ferrocene containing anion templated catenane self-assembled monolayers on gold. Detailed electrochemical and angle resolved X- ray photoelectron spectroscopy characterisation elucidates the co-conformation upon surface attachment. Chapter Five details the anion templated surface assembly of a redox-active rotaxane self- assembled monolayer on gold. Subsequent electroanalysis and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy characterisation confirms the structural integrity of the film and a possible co- conformation at the surface is discussed. Chapter Six describes efforts towards constructing optically responsive hybrid d-f lanthanide containing mechanically interlocked molecules. Initial work focuses on switching characteristics of a redox switchable antennae and its ability to modulate the luminescence of a series of lanthanide complexes in solution. Subsequent surface attachment of the lanthanide complexes in the form of emissive self-assembled monolayers is also investigated.
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Bleve, Valentina <1988&gt. "Spin-Labelling of Mechanically Interlocked Molecules with Nitroxide Radicals". Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/7921/7/Bleve_Valentina_tesi.pdf.

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Molecular machines, namely assemblies of a distinct number of molecular components that are designed to perform machine like movements (output) as a result of an appropriate external stimulation (input) in order to accomplish a specific function, have been described in the recent years, with possible utility in the field of information and communication technology (ICT), materials science, catalysis, and medicine. The first step towards the design of artificial molecular machines is represented by molecular shuttles, namely [2]rotaxanes, in which the ring component can be displaced between two non-equivalent locations on the axle component by appropriate stimuli. The characterization of these systems, depending on the nature and chemical properties of their molecular components, is typically carried out by high-resolution X ray crystallography, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, electrochemical and photophysical techniques. As an alternative, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy can be useful to investigate these systems because offers different advantages. However, in order to use EPR spectroscopy, organic radicals, such as nitroxides, must be introduced in the system. The aim of my project was devoted to prepare and investigate bistable [2]rotaxanes, containing nitroxide units to exploit EPR spectroscopy for their characterization. In Chapter 1 a brief overview of the principal concepts of rotaxane, the spin labelling approach and the employment of ESR and PELDOR (Pulsed electron electron double resonance) methods applied to paramagnetic systems are described. Chapter 2, 3 and 4 are focused on the synthesis and characterization of a series of bistable [2]rotaxanes driven by chemical and electrochemical stimuli. The introduction of nitroxide units in these systems allows both to monitorate the macrocycle movement by using EPR spectroscopy and to understand in detail the structural and conformational changes occurring after the movement of their molecular components by performing PELDOR technique.
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Ronaldson, Vicki E. "Active template strategies for the assembly of mechanically interlocked molecules". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/3062.

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Chemical templates have allowed the synthesis of increasingly complex mechanically interlocked molecular architectures. Transition metals are useful templating agents. Their coordination requirements result in the well-defined, threedimensional orientation of reactive fragments. Judicious choice of ligand and metal leads to a mechanically interlocked product upon covalent bond formation between the fragments. In such ‘passive’ templates a stoichiometric quantity of metal, with respect to the reacting components, is required. The metal atom acts as ‘glue’ until covalent, and consequent mechanical, bond formation has occurred. Recently in the Leigh group a fundamentally novel approach to interlocked architectures has been discovered and takes its cue from transition metal catalysis: in addition to inducing the necessary degree of preorganization in the system, the metal also mediates the covalent bond formation. This thesis describes further investigation of the original active template reaction—a ‘click’ reaction—and the subsequent extension of the strategy to new reactions and architectures. The effect of varying the macrocyclic ligand on the original Cu(I)-catalyzed 1,3- dipolar cycloaddition between alkynes and azides was investigated. Notably, the interlocked nature of the products provided new mechanistic insights into the nature of this widely used reaction. Following this, a Ni(II) active template was developed for the homocoupling of terminal alkynes. An unusual Ni/Cu system for this reaction was discovered and the resulting [2]rotaxanes were produced in excellent yield. The utility of the active template strategy was further demonstrated by the synthesis of a [3]rotaxane from a bifurcated macrocycle with a pyridyl bridging unit. Cu(I) catalyzed the formation of a triazole thread through each cavity, showing that multiple mechanical bonds can be formed from a single active template binding site. Lastly, the potential of carbene transfer reactions in the active template approach was investigated. A stoppered diazoester compound was synthesized and used in studies towards X-H insertion and cycloaddition reactions in the presence of a range of macrocyclic ligands.
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Wu, Jhenyi. "Metal template synthesis of hard-to-access mechanically interlocked molecules". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/11714.

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The construction of mechanically interlocked molecules has been the subject of decades of research. The efficiency of strategies for preparing these molecules has increased continuously. In recent years, the transition metal templation strategy has played quite a remarkable role in the synthesis of entwined or mechanically bonded structures due to the metals’ diverse coordination chemistry and ability to chelate ligands. In the early stages of this method’s development, the metal ions were used as integral part of the scaffold for such components as rings and stoppers to generate the interlocked structures. In newly developed active metal templation strategies, metal ions are used to promote covalent bond forming reactions while simultaneously acting as structural supports. In this thesis, three main aspects are expanded for the discussion of the application of metal template strategies. First of all, the newly developed strategy - active metal template - will be described and exemplified using the Huisgen-Meldal-Fokin Cu(I)- catalyzed 1,3-cycloaddition of azides with terminal alkynes (the CuAAC “click” reaction), the Cu(I)-mediated Cadiot-Chodkiewicz heterocoupling of an alkyne halide with a terminal alkyne, and the Ni(II)-catalyzed Csp3-Csp3 homocoupling reaction. Secondly, the thesis discusses the use of these strategies to obtain several hard-to-access structures, including the first high-yielding doubly threaded [3]rotaxanes, heterocircuitcatenanes and the one pot synthesis of homocircuit-catenanes, and the smallest molecular trefoil knot prepared to date. Lastly, as an extension of the metal temptation strategy, the final chapter of this thesis will discuss the assembly of inorganic metal-organic catenanes by metal coordination.
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Cotí, Karla Karina. "I. Hydrodynamics--focusing microreactor II. Mechanically interlocked molecules for functional materials /". Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2010. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=2026899211&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Nash, Phillip. "An investigation into the mechanism of intercomponent motion in mechanically interlocked molecules". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/15489.

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The aim of this research was to investigate intercomponent motion by employing systems where the motion, although difficult to observe directly, has an observable effect on a measurable property in the systems of study. The initial target of this research was to synthesise a [2]polyrotaxane. On cleaving a removable stopper the macrocycle would be free to translate along the backbone of the polymer chain before being irreversibly lost to the system in solution. The initial research presents the attempts to functionalise a rotaxane auxiliary with a polymer chain, firstly by Atom Transfer Radical Polymerisation (ATRP) of a rotaxane initiator, and then by attaching a poly(ethylene glycol) monomethyl ether chain to a rotaxane auxiliary. The design and application of a new rotaxane template motif is also presented. An alternative approach to the study of intercomponent motion is then presented. A series of symmetrical molecular shuttles, defined as a [2]rotaxane comprised of two identical stations that are separated by an alkyl chain, was synthesised. The macrocycle in such systems is known to ‘shuttle’ between the two stations, spending roughly half the time on each station, and this rate can be observed and measured. By reducing the length of the alkyl chain between the two stations, a faster rate of shuttling between the stations was observed. The series incorporated shuttles with different length alkyl (C2, C4, C6, C8, C10, C12) spacers, different stations and different macrocycles. Shuttling or site exchange rates were measured by 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance using Spin Polarisation Transfer by Selective Inversion Recovery (SPT-SIR) technique. We attempt to use the experimental results to validate a theoretical model for the intercomponent motion. Finally a study of a unique tristable molecular shuttle is presented. This unique system displays some of the unanticipated behaviour that highlights our incomplete understanding of interlocked systems.
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Nicoli, Federico <1992&gt. "Design, realization, and characterization of complex reaction networks in dynamic mechanically interlocked molecules". Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2022. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/10220/1/PhD%20thesis_Nicoli%20Federico.pdf.

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The experimental projects discussed in this thesis are all related to the field of artificial molecular machines, specifically to systems composed of pseudorotaxane and rotaxane architectures. The characterization of the peculiar properties of these mechano-molecules is frequently associated with the analysis and elucidation of complex reaction networks; this latter aspect represents the main focus and central thread tying my thesis work. In each chapter, a specific project is described as summarized below: the focus of the first chapter is the realization and characterization of a prototype model of a photoactivated molecular transporter based on a pseudorotaxane architecture; in the second chapter is reported the design, synthesis, and characterization of a [2]rotaxane endowed with a dibenzylammonium station and a novel photochromic unit that acts as a recognition site for a DB24C8 crown ether macrocycle; in the last chapter is described the synthesis and characterization of a [3]rotaxane in which the relative number of rings and stations can be changed on command.
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Wilson, Hannah M. K. "Synthesis of novel interlocked architectures in solution and solid phase". Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2015. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/82029/1/Hannah_Wilson_Thesis.pdf.

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Mechanically interlocked molecules, such as catenanes and rotaxanes, are fascinating due to their unique sensing and catalytic properties and their potential to act as molecular motors or switches. Traditionally their synthesis has been laborious and expensive, however this research project endeavoured to overcome this challenge by exploring novel ways of preparing mechanically interlocked molecules both in solution and on surfaces. A series of disulfide-linked macrocycles, [2]catenanes and [2]rotaxanes were synthesised in solution using reversible dynamic covalent chemistry. Subsequently, the interlocked architectures were adapted into solid-tethered systems via attachment to swelling polystyrene resins.

Capitoli di libri sul tema "Mechanically interlocked molecules (MIMs)":

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Raymo, Françisco M., e J. Fraser Stoddart. "Mechanically-Interlocked Molecules: Prototypes of Molecular Machinery". In Magnetism: A Supramolecular Function, 33–51. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-8707-5_3.

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Zhu, Kelong, e Stephen J. Loeb. "Organizing Mechanically Interlocked Molecules to Function Inside Metal-Organic Frameworks". In Molecular Machines and Motors, 213–51. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/128_2013_516.

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Ricketts, H. G., J. F. Stoddart e M. M. Hann. "A Simple Approach to Modelling Supramolecular Complexes and Mechanically-Interlocked Molecules". In Computational Approaches in Supramolecular Chemistry, 377–90. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1058-7_24.

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Beer, Paul D., Timothy A. Barendt e Jason Y. C. Lim. "Mechanically interlocked molecules". In Supramolecular Chemistry. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hesc/9780198832843.003.0005.

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Abstract (sommario):
This chapter explores mechanically interlocked molecules (MIMs), which belong to a category of structures containing two or more molecular sub-components that, despite not being chemically bonded, are inextricably connected due to the inability of bonds to pass through one another. This type of molecular entanglement is described as a mechanical bond. The chapter begins by outlining the formidable challenges presented in the syntheses of MIMs and the key strategies that have been developed to overcome them. It then considers cases in which the influence of the mechanical bond on chemical and physical properties, including supramolecular properties, delivers applications in sensing, catalysis, and materials. The control of molecular motion is one of the most prominent attributes of the mechanical bond. The chapter discusses how this facet serves as the foundation of modern-day molecular machinery and how dynamic MIMs are critical to future applications in nanotechnology.
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Rodríguez-Rubio, Arnau, Peter Gallagher e Stephen M. Goldup. "Chiral Auxiliaries for the Synthesis of Mechanically Chiral Interlocked Molecules". In Reference Module in Chemistry, Molecular Sciences and Chemical Engineering. Elsevier, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-32-390644-9.00139-6.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Mechanically interlocked molecules (MIMs)":

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Loeb, Stephen. "Designing Mechanically Interlocked Molecules to Function in the Solid-State". In Dynamic Materials, Crystals and Phenomena Conference. València: FUNDACIO DE LA COMUNITAT VALENCIANA SCITO, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.dynamic.2023.015.

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