Tesi sul tema "Matériaux de construction bio-sourcés"
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Viel, Marie. "Développement de composites bio-sourcés destinés à l’isolation des bâtiments". Thesis, Rennes 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018REN1S122/document.
Testo completoThe aim of this thesis is to develop new bio-based building insulating materials which contribute to reduce their environmental impacts. The developed materials shall have low embodied energy and low carbon footprint. They shall contribute to reduce energy needs of buildings and to ensure high hygrothermal comfort of users. First, raw materials from agricultural resources (hemp shiv, flax shiv, wheat straw, rape straw and corn cobs) are characterized from a chemical, physical, hygrothermal and mechanical point of view, with a aim of developing bio-based composites for the thermal insulation of buildings. Their chemical composition is interesting for the development of green binder. A study to assess this ability is carried out. At the end of the study, two binders corresponding to extractions performed on corn cobs and flax fines are developped. Other binders from industry are also selected for composite production. Then, composites are produced to study the influence of aggregates, binder, granulometry of aggregates, alkaline pre-treatment of aggregates and compaction pressure applied during the processing of composites on their hygrothermal performances and mechanical properties. Finally, the resistance to accidental immersion and humidity and the reaction to fire of the most promising formulations are studied
Colson, Valentin. "Panneaux composites bio-sourcés destinés à l'isolation des bâtiments : caractérisation des ressources et procédé de production". Thesis, Rennes 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019REN1S031.
Testo completoThe objective of this thesis is to develop new insulation composites from agricultural by-products for building applications. The research work is divided in three main steps : The first one focuses on the formulation of bio-based composites obtained by agglomeration of vegetal aggregates with different types of binders (bio-based or mineral binders), and on the characterization of their mechanical, thermal and hygric properties. Several bio-aggregates are envisaged (wheat straw, rape straw, flax shiv, hemp shiv and corn cob). A solution combining hemp shiv aggregates bonded with a bio-based thermosetting adhesive is selected. The next step aims to identify a suitable manufacturing process to produce rigid insulation panels using the previously determined composite formulation. Several manufacturing trials are conducted on different laboratory and industrial tools which allow to experiment existing manufacturing technologies. The possibility to produce the rigid insulation panel from hemp shiv at the industrial scale on a fully automatized production line is demonstrated. Finally, new solutions to improve the fire reaction of the insulation panels are tested which allows to identify suitable solutions for the developed composites
Rosa, Latapie Séverine. "Modélisation et optimisation des performances thermiques des matériaux bio et géosourcés par approche multi-échelle : apport à la valorisation d'une large gamme de co-produits agricoles". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Toulouse (2023-....), 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024TLSES152.
Testo completoThe challenges of the 21st century require energy and environmental issues to be central concerns for society. The building sector, one of the most environmentally-impacting, must seize this opportunity to ensure a rapid, relevant and sustainable transition. The use of bio- and geo-based building materials allows improvements in indoor comfort and energy efficiency to be achieved, while reducing the building environmental impact. Hemp concrete is a promising alternative which has been developing for several years. However, many agricultural by-products - other than hemp shives - can be used in construction materials. Moreover, they are widely available thanks to the various local crops (sunflower, rapeseed, flax, etc.). Nevertheless, numerous obstacles explain the delicate insurability of these eco-materials, which currently limits their large-scale use for distributed insulation. Their complex behavior, when subjected to temperature and relative humidity variations, is probably one of the main obstacles to be overcome. The aim of this thesis work is therefore to gain a better understanding of the physical phenomena involved in these materials, to model them and to propose models for predicting their thermal behavior. It is mainly based on analytical homogenization techniques (Mori Tanaka and Double Inclusion) allowing the variability of thermal conductivity to be taken into account under use conditions. By considering a strategic scale, the plant particle one, it is possible to extend the approach to a wide range of agricultural co-products. The proposed multi-scale analysis enables the thermo-hygric behavior of these eco-materials to be predicted and optimized even before the manufacturing stage, and as a support for experimental work. This research is expected to encourage the emergence of local economies based on healthy, efficient and environmentally-friendly construction materials. They represent strategic levers in the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions targeted by the Green Pact for Europe between now and 2030
Postdam, Gérémie. "Développement de composites bio-sourcés à base de fibres de canne à sucre : caractérisation mécanique et acoustique". Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017UBFCK022/document.
Testo completoFor reasons of comfort, modern constructions require acoustic and thermal insulating materials, offering good mechanical performances. In this context, the valorization of plant fibres from the agro-food industry presents economic and environmental benefits. Thus, the aim of the present study is to develop a multifunctional sugarcane fibres reinforced epoxy porous composite combining good acoustic and mechanical properties.The study of the bagasse fibres geometry has shown that fibres’ length and diameter distribution can be fitted by lognormal laws. Composites manufactured by thermocompression process with an epoxy matrix were characterized using an experimental design whose parameters were the diameter of the fibres (between 0.5 and 4 mm) and their mass ratio (between 40 and 70%). The study of acoustic properties showed that the sound absorption increases with the diameter of the fibres, while decreasing with their mass proportion, over a frequency range between 500 and 1000 Hz. Mechanical characterisation by bending tests, has showed a fragile behavior, with deviations of stiffness and maximum stress around 36%. The stereo-correlation image analysis confirmed the heterogeneity of the strain fields throughout the thickness, in relation to the fracture observation
Guiheneuf, Simon. "Formulation et renforts de blocs en matériau terre pour une utilisation structurelle". Thesis, Rennes, INSA, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020ISAR0007.
Testo completoIn the actual context of accelerated climate change and increase in global population, the building industry must face crucial challenges: decrease its environmental impact while offering housing solutions for the humankind. To answer it, the development of new bio-based and local building materials appears to be a much-needed ecological alternative to cementitious materials that presents significant environmental footprint. This PhD work aims to develop earth-based blocks with guaranteed mechanical properties in order to build 3-storey buildings. These earths, stabilized using bio-based additions but without any cement or lime, are locally sourced. Therefore, three earths that represent the local variability of resources are first characterised. Then, the rheological behaviour of each type of earth mix is assessed in order to adapt earth mix-design to each studied forming process (compaction, vibro-compaction, casting and extrusion. Mechanical performances at the dry state and in-service life of each earth mix-design are measured for all studied processing routes. Finally, some durability properties of the Britanysourced earth-based materials are described: capillary absorption, erosion and immersion resistance. Obtained results show that produced blocks are as performant as cementstabilized earth materials and allow to consider the semi-industrial development of earth-based blocks fabrication units for structural purpose with limited environmental footprint
Tobon, Monroy Ana Maria. "Etude de la potentialité du développement de micro-organismes sur des matériaux d'isolation bio-sourcés et conventionnels utilisés dans la rénovation de batiments : impacts sur la qualité de l'air intérieur". Thesis, Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Atlantique Bretagne Pays de la Loire, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020IMTA0185.
Testo completoIn an ecological and environnemental transition contexte, enhacing building energy efficiency has become a major objectif for the society. One possible solution to reach this goal is the use of bio-based insulation materials in building retrofitting and new low energy constructions. However, as they are hygroscopic, it is important to avoid humidity accumulation within these materials because it may promote mould growth and influence volatile organic compounds (VOC) emissions from materials, degradating indoor’s air quality. This thesis aimed to asses the potentiality of bio-based and conventional insulation materials to mould growth and to study VOC emissions from non-contaminated and contaminated materials. The results showed a variety of responses from the materials to mould growth. Regarding VOC emissions, the studied materials are low emissive when it comes to reglamentary compounds but other VOC are emitted from these materials. In adittion, an influence of high relative humidity on VOC emission was observed. Therafter, 15 microbial VOC (mVOC) associated with Aspergillus niger growth, were identified
Petkova, Natalia. "Form follows material ? : Stories of building in massive stone today". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris Est, 2023. https://these.univ-paris-est.fr/intranet/2023/TH2023PESC2017.pdf.
Testo completoStone. If the number of published projects, magazine features, workshops, university courses,exhibitions, and conferences articulated around its structural use is anything to go by, the age-oldbuilding material appears to be undergoing something of a revival in contemporary architecture. Alongside other bio or geo-sourced building materials, portrayed as ecological alternatives totheir synthetic counterparts (mainly concrete, steel and fired brick) stone has been the object ofgrowing enthusiasm among professionals of the built environment as well as the wider public in anumber of West European countries. This enthusiasm for so-called natural materials coincideswith a broader shift in how architecture today is presented, discussed and its quality evaluated,largely inspired by the material turn within the field of material studies around the year 2000 thatsaw a flourishing of interest in things, their agency, fabrication, exchange and raw matter. Thisshift has seen concern for the style, function or symbolic content of buildings largely supersededby an attention to the materials they are made of. It has tended to privilege social, cultural,economic and environmental considerations around the making, use and after-life of buildings, attimes minimising and sidelining questions of form — the physical essence and shape ofbuildings.The principal thesis defended in Form follows Material? is that the espousal of the material turnin architectural research, immensely valuable as it has been in expanding the discipline’s horizonof concern, also carries the potential to fundamentally challenge how we think about form, itscentral preoccupation. The research thus set out to explore what employing stone in structure isdoing to contemporary architecture, in terms of both uses and form. Its objective has been less tod educe an overarching theory of building in massive stone today than to induce useful ways ofinterpreting the trend as it continues to evolve. Each of the nine chapters represents oneperspective through which we might begin to situate it within recent architectural history and to consider its consequences for contemporary architectural theory and practice. These perspectiveshave emerged out of my ethnographic fieldwork around a series of building projects in themaking (drawn by Atelier Archiplein, Atelier Architecture Perraudin, Aulets Arquitectes, InstitutBalear de l’Habitatge IBAVI et Caruso St John Architects) in Switzerland, Spain and England —where a critical mass of interest in the material is developing. The thesis thus considers stoneused for structural — that is to say load-bearing or self-supporting — purposes in construction today in terms of: the reasons for choosing to employ it; the logic of its supply; the expertise itcalls upon; its purported moral underpinnings; the labour involved in its extraction and transformation; its brutalist tendencies; stylistic associations; and finally, its capacity to last
Harb, Elias. "Évaluation des performances hygrothermiques d'une paroi à base de pulpe de betterave". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Reims, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024REIMS004.
Testo completoIn the face of climate change and the high energy consumption of the building sector, the use of low-impact and recyclable materials derived from biological sources represents a promising solution to mitigate this issue.The aim of this thesis is to explore the hygrothermal performance at the building scale of a new bio-sourced material based on beet pulp and potato starch, with a mass ratio of 0.4, previously developed, characterized, and optimized in previous studies at the material scale.At the beginning of this study, an in-depth experimental investigation was conducted on the material's microstructure, as well as on the drying kinetics and mechanical performance of the two types of bricks (solid and perforated). A superior performance of the perforated bricks compared to the solid bricks was observed. Subsequently, the study was furthered by an analytical, numerical, and experimental analysis of the thermal performance of the perforated bricks. The results showed good agreement between the three analyses conducted.Finally, the analysis of the hygrothermal properties of the studied bio-composite was carried out at the building scale. The overall energy performance, total water content, drying rate, condensation risk, dynamic thermal behavior, as well as the analysis of mold growth risk for four different insulation configurations were numerically evaluated in two distinct climatic conditions in France. This study enabled us to determine its adaptability to various climatic conditions
Tlijani, Mohamed. "Contribution à la caractérisation thermophysique de matériaux bio-isolants : valorisation des déchets de bois de palmier". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris Est, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PESC1157.
Testo completoThe growing interest in new concrete and their use in many fields of civil engineering was that we wanted to bring a new approach to the design of a new product consisting of a reinforced concrete with basel end frond palm fibers. This led us to conduct the experimental study of thermal properties of natural fibers of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.). The analysis of experimental results showed that the essential factors affecting the thermal conductivity are the variety of date palm and the fiber orientation and that the basel end of the frond palm is the most interesting part as thermal insulation. However, the main problem encountered when using plant fibers as reinforcement is cohesion, bonding with the matrix and dimensional instability so the composite loses its mechanical properties. In this context, an alkaline pretreatment of palm fibers was envisaged to clean and modify the fiber surface to address the problems of dimensional stability of the fibers and degradation before their use as reinforcement in the cement matrix. We also studied the influence of chemical treatment with sodium hydroxide on the mechanical properties of processed samples, they were subjected to the tensile test to estimate the fracture strength for each treatment concentration, the Young's modulus and elongation at break corresponding. Subsequently, we conducted experimental and theoretical research on the thermal conductivity of different formulations of basel end palm wood concrete composite. The study of the theoretical apparent thermal conductivity was based on an approach that relies on a process whereas the material consists of a solid matrix combined with a fluid phase (air). Finally, we performed a numerical simulation of heat transfer phenomena to assess the thermal conductivity of basel end frond palm concrete composite and validate subsequently the theoretical prediction model selected. The results showed that the numerical approach based on the isotropic orientation of the particles in the composite coincides and approaches the physical reality
Tlijani, Mohamed. "Contribution à la caractérisation thermophysique de matériaux bio-isolants : valorisation des déchets de bois de palmier". Thesis, Paris Est, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PESC1157/document.
Testo completoThe growing interest in new concrete and their use in many fields of civil engineering was that we wanted to bring a new approach to the design of a new product consisting of a reinforced concrete with basel end frond palm fibers. This led us to conduct the experimental study of thermal properties of natural fibers of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.). The analysis of experimental results showed that the essential factors affecting the thermal conductivity are the variety of date palm and the fiber orientation and that the basel end of the frond palm is the most interesting part as thermal insulation. However, the main problem encountered when using plant fibers as reinforcement is cohesion, bonding with the matrix and dimensional instability so the composite loses its mechanical properties. In this context, an alkaline pretreatment of palm fibers was envisaged to clean and modify the fiber surface to address the problems of dimensional stability of the fibers and degradation before their use as reinforcement in the cement matrix. We also studied the influence of chemical treatment with sodium hydroxide on the mechanical properties of processed samples, they were subjected to the tensile test to estimate the fracture strength for each treatment concentration, the Young's modulus and elongation at break corresponding. Subsequently, we conducted experimental and theoretical research on the thermal conductivity of different formulations of basel end palm wood concrete composite. The study of the theoretical apparent thermal conductivity was based on an approach that relies on a process whereas the material consists of a solid matrix combined with a fluid phase (air). Finally, we performed a numerical simulation of heat transfer phenomena to assess the thermal conductivity of basel end frond palm concrete composite and validate subsequently the theoretical prediction model selected. The results showed that the numerical approach based on the isotropic orientation of the particles in the composite coincides and approaches the physical reality
El, Hachem Chady. "Etude expérimentale et modélisation multi-échelles du comportement hygro-mécanique des matériaux de construction : cas du bois". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLN051.
Testo completoHealthy living is a main contemporary concern of the construction field, extended to the environment. It has significant concerns about health, energy consumption, environmental impact and sustainability of building materials. The preliminary selection of materials used for construction plays an important role in the success of high environmental quality projects. In this context, it remains essential to predict the temperature and humidity fields inside porous building materials, where bio-based materials are subject to a strong interest due to their environmental qualities.As bio-based materials are hygroscopic, they tend to absorb or restore moisture, which respectively generates swelling or shrinkage. At the microscopic scale, moisture takes place either by absorption of bound water by the fibers, or by the existence of free water in the pores. The complexity of microscopic phenomena in bio-based materials will lead to strong interactions between the mechanical aspect on one side and heat and mass transfers’ aspects on the other side. The existence of this coupling may significantly alter the building's thermal performance, as well as its durability.The objective of this thesis work is to study the microscopic hygric behavior of porous building materials. The mechanical aspect coupled to the hygric one is studied, taking into consideration the local swelling and shrinkage strains, and their impact on the hysteresis phenomenon. Understanding this coupling is very important in order to improve the quality of habitat and evaluate the durability of these structures.The PhD project consists on working on all aspects, modeling, characterization and measurement of hygric transfers. Quantification of these phenomena is achieved through experimental campaigns based on 3D imaging techniques (X-ray micro-tomography). The use of X-ray diffraction (XRD), digital volume correlation, as well as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) allows a better understanding of the interactions between the solid matrix and bound and/or free water. The corresponding results have led to a microscopic morphological characterization of spruce wood, as well as to a better estimation of the various dimensional variations of the cell walls, and their chemical components.The numerical results achieved on the real 3D structure of the material have been coupled to the experimental ones, using digital volume correlation technique (X-ray tomography), in order to identify the intrinsic properties of the material.These thesis works provide a scientific basis allowing the improvement of modeling of the mechanical coupling with heat and mass transfers in bio-based materials
Hegde, Vikas. "Etudes diélectriques des matériaux biodégradables et/ou bio-sourcés". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAT031/document.
Testo completoThe declining resources of fossil fuels, increase in wide-spread pollution, emission of green-house gases and difficulties in recycling waste materials are pushing biodegradable polymers into prominence. In the domain of electrical engineering, many polymers find applications in various electrical insulation systems. These polymers are petro-based, not eco-friendly and most of them are not biodegradable. With an objective to replace conventional products, biodegradable polymers are explored for their dielectric properties.In this work, a detailed study on the present status in the research work on biodegradable polymers in the electrical engineering domain is presented. Thermal and electrical properties of both biodegradable and classical polymers are compiled and compared.The polymers processed and studied were Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV), Polycaprolactone (PCL), Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and PLA based nanocomposite. Dielectric properties for a wide range of temperature and frequency were measured by dielectric spectroscopy and analyzed with the help of DSC and DMA experiments. Volume resistivity and electrical breakdown were measured on few polymers. These biodegradable polyesters were compared with conventional polymers
Mikhailenko, Peter. "Valorization of by-products and products from agro-industry for the development of release and rejuvenating agents for bituminous materials". Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU30094/document.
Testo completoThe growing health and environmental concerns brought on by the use of petroleum based products in the asphalt construction industry have necessitated the development of alternatives. Infrastructure, especially that involving transportation has many uses for petroleum products including, as fuel, as well as in asphalt pavement construction - where petroleum products have traditionally constituted the binder for the mix as well as the rejuvenating agents (for asphalt recycling) - along with various agents used in the construction process including bitumen removers and asphalt release agents. Thus, there is a need to replace petroleum base agents with bio-sourced and biodegradable substitutes. The present work is part of a project to develop bio-sourced (recycled from agricultural waste) products for the construction industry. This work is dedicated to developing products relating to the asphalt industry. Two types of product applications were envisioned: i) an asphalt release agent (ARA) and ii) an asphalt rejuvenating agent. Additionally, a bitumen remover (BR) developed as part of the work on the ARA. ARAs prevent asphalt from adhering to tools and equipment used in asphalt production, without producing overly negative side effects with regards to the pavement. Three principal tests methods were developed and optimized for the performance and damage to asphalt of the ARAs. The asphalt slide test was developed to quantify the performance of the ARA by sliding hot asphalt mix down a plate with the ARA applied. The testing of the damage to asphalt from ARAs consisted of testing an asphalt cylinder - in contact with an ARA for seven days - in indirect-tensile strength (ITS). The bitumen degradation test consisted of submerging a bitumen sample in an agent over a certain time and weighing the bitumen that did not dissolve in the agent. This was followed by the observation of the bitumen-ARA chemical interaction by FTIR spectrometry. This test served as an assessment of ARA damage to bitumen as well as of the performance of BRs. The testing of the commercial ARAs from both the French and USA markets found that they had two primary modes of functioning: i) by softening the bitumen and ii) by forming an interface between the asphalt and the metal surface. While some agents had elements of both, it was found that interface agents are preferable, due to the ability to use a single ARA application for multiple occasions. With this completed, a water-based bio-sourced substrate ARA - based on glycerol derived from agricultural waste - was developed. The commercially available BRs were tested as well, finding that i) the most effective BRs had the highest ester concentration and ii) that highly concentrated short chained ester (C7-10) were very effective bitumen dissolvers. The goal of rejuvenating agents is to regenerate the old bitumen from recycled asphalt pavement (RAP) by restoring the original properties and ensuring the stability of these properties over time. This part consisted of the development of methods for bitumen and aging, as well as characterization of the chemical rejuvenation of bitumen by FTIR spectrometry (including imaging) and thermogravimetric analysis. A bio-sourced rejuvenating agent was evaluated as well. For the imaging, a mastic polishing method was developed in order to attain as samples as flat as possible for the analysis. The bitumen rejuvenation was observed using FTIR spectroscopy analysis. Several peaks (notably IC=O and IS=O) were observed for bitumen oven aged up to 42 days (long term). It was found that an oven aging period of 14 days was roughly equivalent to bitumen aged by a RTFOT+PAV cycle it terms of rheology and penetration. The mastic (aged for 14 days) was then combined with a bio-sourced agent (at 7.5%w of mastic). It was found by FTIR imaging that the oxidation indicator IS=O, was reduced by the incorporation of the rejuvenating agent
Niang, Ibrahim. "Contribution à la certification des bâtiments durables au Sénégal : cas d'étude des matériaux de construction biosourcés à base de Typha". Thesis, Reims, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018REIMS030.
Testo completoThis work is a part of PNEEB/Typha project (National Program for Energy Efficiency of Buildings) for the valorisation of an invasive reed, the Typha Australis, as a thermal insulator to improve the energy efficiency of buildings in Senegal. An agromaterial based on clay soil and Typha Australis is elaborated in order to evaluate the influence of the amount and fibres morphology on the material behaviour. For this, two production mode of granulates are chosen: longitudinal and transversal cut. Physical properties are studied (porosity, apparent, and absolute density, microstructure) and mechanical strength is determined. Sound absorption is also evaluated, as well as hygrothermal properties, and fire behaviour. Results show that granulate morphology affects the mechanical shear and flexure behaviour, as well as the acoustic absorption. Its impact on the compression strength is less pronounced. A greater portion of Typha fibers reduces the mechanical strength. However, hygrothermal performances are increased due to the aggregates porosity. Typha transverse fraction improves thermal resistance and increase water vapor transfer. This study also shows that these materials are excellent moisture regulators. Finally, fire tests reveal that it can be classified as combustible but non-flammable due to the clay presence. The fibres shape does not have a great influence
Galandon, Antoine. "Mise en œuvre et stabilité de matériaux bio-sourcés thermoplastiques expansés". Rouen, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010ROUES015.
Testo completoIt has been recently shown it was possible to obtain biodegradable thermoplastics films based on wheat flour. In this work, we try to get expanded materials with similar matter. By adapting composition of a melt of plasticizers, anti-binding agent, expandable agent and wheat flour (by product of the food production), we show it is possible to bring onto play biodegradables expanded materials. From analysis realized on non expanded extrudates, we observed that a phase separation occurs when we prepare our materials. These phases are depending on the type and the quantity of plasticizers. We have a material showing at least one amorphous phase, one vitreous phase and a crystalline phase. The influence of silica has been also studied as a function of the mechanical properties and the molecular relaxation of the material. These results show the behaviour observed are comparable to that of the synthetic polymers. Then all these results have been used to study the expansion of this material. The extrusion parameters, like temperature, screw rotation speed have been studied. We have shown the material goes by a maximum of expansion which depends on the extrusion parameters, the extrusion machine, the composition of the melt and its structure
Rix, Estelle. "Dispersions aqueuses de polyuréthanes bio-sourcés sans isocyanates". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0378/document.
Testo completoPolyurethanes are a major polymer family; they are industrially obtained from phosgene derivatives: isocyanates. In order to avoid the use of such toxic compounds and to promote the use of biomass, this thesis investigates the synthesis of aqueous dispersions of nonisocyanate polyurethanes derived from vegetable oils. Two synthesis pathways have been studied; transurethanization and aminolysis of cyclic carbonates. Bis-carbamates and biscyclic carbonates were synthesized from fatty acids, and their polymerizations with diols or diamines were studied in bulk. The two routes allow the production of polyurethanes in a few hours at 20-130°C. Sodium methoxide is used as catalyst for transurethanization reactions while the other synthesis pathway does not require catalysts to proceed. Polyurethanes obtained have molar mass (Mn) around 5-17kg.mol-1, which is in accordance with the literature. The polymerization in aqueous miniemulsion was then investigated for the synthesis of polyurethane by aminolysis of cyclic carbonates. Many formulation experiments were necessary to achieve stable miniemulsion and latex; aqueous dispersions of bio-based non-isocyanate polyurethanes were then obtained
Chavez, Castillo Ana Gabriela. "Apport des modèles réduits pour la caractérisation thermique de matériaux de construction : mesures in situ d'isolants et étude multi-échelle d'un bois sec". Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPAST040.
Testo completoIn numerical thermal simulation, the inverse problem consists in finding one or more parameters of the discretized heat equation from temperature measurements. This is a complex procedure that often remains limited to simple geometry. The idea is then to use modal-type thermal reduced models, which will considerably reduce the number of unknowns while maintaining satisfactory accuracy over the entire modelled domain. These models will then allow to extend the technique of inverse problems to any type of geometry, whatever its complexity.The objective of this thesis work is to evaluate the efficiency of such a method for an application related to building thermics, in which one seeks to identify the properties of insulating materials (thermal capacity and conductivity).The main work has been the application of this technique for an in situ measurement, using a hot wire probe, which has so far been unsuitable for thermal insulation.A second application of this technique to solve inverse problems by reduced model is the characterization of a bio-sourced material from tomographic surveys at the microscopic scale.For these two applications, the digital developments carried out have allowed the realization of encouraging first experimental trials
Francois, Camille. "Contribution au développement de composites 100% bio-sourcés : synthèse de polyépoxydes bio-sourcés, traitement de fibres de chanvre au CO2 supercritique et incidence sur les propriétés des matériaux". Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018UBFCK041/document.
Testo completoThis thesis contributes to the development of 100% bio-based hemp/epoxy composites. Current environmental issues favor the emergence of materials derived from renewable resources such as plant fibres and a wide range of bio-based building-blocks, source of epoxy prepolymers in particular. An intensive investigation of the two constituents (hemp fibres and polyepoxidic matrix) is carried out before the composites manufacturing. Supercritical CO2 treatment is applied to hemp fibres used as reinforcement in composite materials. This treatment, not optimized, leads to better individualization as well as a decrease in the hygroscopic power of the fibres. These aspects, which are essential in order to guarantee good properties for the final composite, are nevertheless qualified by a loss of mechanical properties at the fibre scale but also at the composite scale. In the same way, the decrease in the hygroscopic power of the hemp fibres after treatment is reflected at the composite scale, thus improving the durability of the crosslinked material. The synthesis of the epoxy resins used in this study is made from abundant resources such as lignin. The thermosetting polyepoxides prepared in this study have good performance, compatible with the specification for composite applications with plant fibres reinforcement. In view of the results obtained, 100% bio-based composites are materials with a high future potential. Nevertheless, their development requires a comprehensive sustainability study
Guerfala, Wassim. "Élaboration de bio-composite hybride à matrice thermoplastique : formulation optimale et modélisation du comportement statique en vue d'une application pour pièces de structure dans l'automobile". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023ECDN0022.
Testo completoThe environmental impact is becoming increasingly important in the automotive industry, pushing OEMs to reduce CO2 emissions through clean engines and structural weight reduction. Composite materials, combining lightness and mechanical strength, offer a good alternative to standard steels with a considerable weight reduction. This study mainly aims to apply bio-composite materials in the automotive structure.To meet the various mechanical, thermal and economic requirements, the first objective of this study is to develop ahybrid composite material based on two natural fibers with complementary characteristics to optimize its performance while guaranteeing the homogeneity of its mechanical behavior. The second objective is the development of a numeric tool that would allow rapid pre-design of structural parts reinforced with this hybrid composite material. Indeed, the obligations of the automotive industry are quickly and continuously changing; it is necessary to provide quick and cost-effective responses (compared to the long and expensive experimental campaigns especially when there is sensitivity to the environmental conditions to consider)
Thibaut, Camille. "Développement de matériaux fibreux cellulosiques pour la production d'objets bio-sourcés imprimés en 3D par extrusion". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-02570560.
Testo completoThis project aims at developing new cellulosic bio-based materials for additive manufacturing (AM) by extrusion to produce complex and multi-materials 3D parts. First, this project has evaluated the compatibility of aqueous and high solid content formulations with AM by extrusion. Formulations composed of micrometric organics fillers (cellulose fibers or powder and graphite powder) and cellulose derivatives (carboxymethyl cellulose) were investigated and results in a selection of homogeneous pastes with strong potential for AM by extrusion and limited deformation of the printed part upon air drying. The second stage of this project focused on adjustment and optimization of AM by extrusion equipment and the related settings to guarantee an optimum shape accuracy of 3D printed parts compared to the 3D numerical model. A printing setting guideline and design limitations adapted to the developed paste were suggested. To characterize the printing parts, different innovative methods such as the temporal monitoring by X-ray tomography of a printed part upon drying were implemented. The results of this project lead to the AM by extrusion of complex part 100% cellulose based with mechanical properties close to thermoplastic materials commonly used with fused filament fabrication process
Mazhoud, Brahim. "Elaboration et caractérisation mécanique, hygrique et thermique de composites bio-sourcés". Thesis, Rennes, INSA, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ISAR0024/document.
Testo completoIn response to environmental concerns, the use of hemp concrete has been developed in recent years and has shown its efficiency from a hygrothermal point of view. Its life cycle analysis underlines the environmental interest of hemp and shows that the most impacting component is the binder, usually lime-based. The aim of this thesis is to develop hemp-based composites by substituting lime with a less impacting mineral matrix. Several formulations are made with different binder matrices and different hemp content. On the one hand, the ThermO® commercial binder is used to produce "classic" hemp concrete, which are used as a comparative reference. On the other hand, binder matrices are developed based on washing mud fines. Claytec® commercial earth is also considered. After presenting the different raw materials selected for this study, the ThermO® binder is characterized with several water ton binder ratios. The washing mud fine stabilisation is investigated regarding mechanical resistance objectives. A stabilization with 5% of portland cement coupled with 5% of ThermO® is selected for the following development. This formulation does not significantly affect the thermal conductivity of the binder matrix, while allowing to achieve the fixed mechanical objectives. The composites made with the various selected binders have hemp I binder ratios ranging between 0.4 and 0.75, conventional ratio for roof, wall and floor applications. They are implemented by compact ion, which leads to densities ranging from 370 to 61 5 kg/m3 and porosities ranging from 70 to 81%. The mechanical. Thermal and hygric behaviors of the composites are investigated. The measured mechanical performances meet the requirements of the professional rules Construire en Chanvre, even for composites made with unstabilized fines. The sorption isotherms obtained are class II or III sigmoid, with higher water contents for composites made with ThermO®. The MBV values obtained show that the composites made with fines and with Caytec® earth are better hygric regulators than the composites made with ThermO® binder, respectively classified as excellent and as very good hygric regulators. The thermal performances of the composites allow a use in distributed insulation. At the dry point, the thermal conductivity mainly depends on the density, without impact of the type of binder. As ambient relative humidity increases, the thermal conductivity of ThermO®, binder-based composites is more impacted than that of other composites in connection with sorption isotherms. This study thus shows the relevance of the development of composites formulated with washing mud fine as a substitute tor lime
Zarzour, Noura. "Modélisation, identification structurelle et estimation du facteur de comportement pour les bâtiments en maçonnerie géo-sourcée dans les zones sismiques". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024COAZ5056.
Testo completoThe use of new low-carbon construction materials in seismic areas requires the assessment of the structure ductility in order to properly design the building. The lack of accurate structural performance estimation limits the use of green construction materials.A reliable methodology is established for the seismic design of buildings constructed using geo-sourced materials. In particular, a pilot project of compressed earth block (CEB) masonry building in a medium-high seismic hazard zone in Southern France is developed. Starting from the experimental characterization of material mechanical parameters, the seismic design approach focuses on the modal characteristics of the structure, the expected building ductility, and seismic performance assessment in terms of both displacement and force.The equivalent frame model adopted for structural design of load-bearing masonry is validated for two case studies: a rubble stone masonry building and a CEB masonry building. The model validation process consists of the comparison of natural frequencies and mode shapes obtained by both numerical and operational modal analysis. In this context, a measurement campaign provides the structural response to ambient vibrations and then, the modal parameters and structural damping are obtained by structural identification tools. The modal analysis highlights the impact of timber slab stiffness on the dynamic response of masonry buildings. It is shown that a stiffer timber slab with a reinforced topping improves the structural behavior of the masonry structure under seismic loading, yielding to global mode shapes.The stability verification of the building structure at the near collapse limit state is performed in terms of target to capacity displacement ratio, but it is suggested to verify also in terms of force, since it can be more restrictive in some instances and less dependent on the convergence of numerical procedures.The behavior factor in seismic codes for building design is defined for typical construction materials based on damage observation and numerical models. A specific assessment is needed when new construction materials are adopted because building codes provide only boundary values. This thesis proposes a procedure for estimating the behavior factor that is applied to geo-sourced masonry buildings, but it could be adopted for any construction material. The methodology proposed to estimate the force reduction factor, and then the behavior factor, integrates both the seismic demand and building capacity. For this reason, this methodology can be considered as a capacity-demand-based approach. A nonlinear quasi-static analysis is coupled with dynamic analyses and the behavior factor is obtained on a statistical basis. The results are compared with the estimations obtained using demand-based, capacity-based and N2-based approaches. The impact of adopting a three-dimensional building model or an equivalent single-degree-of-freedom system with these methodologies is analyzed.The proposed capacity-demand-based-method provides, with a reduced computation time, a reliable estimation of the force reduction factor, close to the values obtained using the capacity-based-approach applied to a three-dimensional building model that is considered as a reference. Consequently, considering their reliability and efficiency, the proposed methodology for the behavior factor estimation is suitable for professional practice
Goumghar, Amirouche. "Élaboration et étude des performances dynamiques de composite bio-sourcés à architecture hybride lin—verre". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Reims, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023REIMS002.
Testo completoThe use of natural fibre-reinforced composite materials is growing in various sectors such as automotive and packaging. However, the problem of their sensitivity to humidity still hinders their use in applications exposed to extreme environmental conditions. Therefore, the hybridization of natural fibres with synthetic fibres can constitute a promising way to improve some properties of natural fibre-reinforced composites. It is in this context that the present doctoral work is situated. It presents an experimental analysis of the tensile-tensile fatigue and low-energy impact fatigue behaviour of non-hybrid and hybrid flax-glass/epoxy laminates. An investigation of their durability after water aging until saturation is also presented. To this end, several plates of non-hybrid and hybrid flax-glass/epoxy composites have been fabricated by the vacuum infusion process. First, we carried out a monotonic tensile characterization of the studied composites and evaluated the kinetics of moisture diffusion within these materials. The results of these tests show that the addition of glass layers to the flax/epoxy laminate improves its mechanical properties and also reduces its mass of water absorbed at saturation. Then, cyclic fatigue tests were performed on unaged and aged composite specimens. These fatigue tests were coupled with the acoustic emission technique in order to identify the damage mechanisms and their chronology of appearance. To evaluate the effect of fatigue loading on the loss of stiffness, hysteresis loops and the damping factor of non-hybrid and hybrid composites were investigated. The analysis of the acoustic signals makes it possible to identify three classes of acoustic signals in all the studied composites. These three classes are attributed to the main damage mechanisms such as matrix cracking, fibre/matrix decohesion and fibre breakage. This attribution is supported by microscopic observations obtained using a scanning electron microscope. Finally, low-energy impact fatigue tests were performed on unaged and aged composite samples. The obtained results clearly show that the flax/epoxy composite absorbs a large part of the impact energy and transforms it into elastic energy. However, the glass/epoxy laminate consumes this energy in damage and breakage. In addition, water aging weakens all the studied composites and reduces their resistance to impact fatigue
Honoré, Mathilde. "Mise au point de nouveaux bio-composites verts innovants à base de roseau commun Phragmites australis : applications en plasturgie et en éco-construction pour le bâtiment". Thesis, Lorient, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LORIS572.
Testo completoThe use of plant fibres, both in the field of plastics processing and in the building industry, makes it possible to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and therefore the environmental impact of mankind. Interest in biocomposites using plant fibres such as hemp, wood, flax and also miscanthus reed is increasing. Nowadays, there is very little work on the reed phragmites australis. However, as it does not use cultivated areas, this invasive plant is independent of agricultural issues and does not require any chemical inputs. The reed harvest is therefore part of a wetlands management approach while enhancing the value of a material with multiple properties. This work is devoted to the characterisation of the raw material phragmites australis and to the study of its eligibility as a substitute material of three reference materials, wood, miscanthus and hemp shiv, widely used as reinforcements in plastics processing and eco-construction. Composite formulations using two polymer matrices (polypropylene and polybutylene succinate) with different rates of plant fillers and coupling agent were characterised from the point of view of their mechanical properties by Charpy tensile, flexural and impact tests. The water ageing of these composites was also studied and correlated to the hydrophobic character of the reed. For the construction application, formulations based on reeds of different origins and using different binders (lime, plaster and earth) were tested in compression and with thermal conductivity measurements in order to evaluate the behaviour of the reed as a material for building use
Asli, Mounir. "Etude des transferts couplés de chaleur et de masse dans les matériaux bio-sourcés : approches numérique et expérimentale". Thesis, Artois, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ARTO0210/document.
Testo completoThe work developed in this thesis aims to study the hygrothermal behavior of bio-sourced insulating materials, and more particularly wood fibers, hemp concrete, linen wool, sheep wool, material made of textile recycling (metisse®) and flax shives. These materials, which are essentially natural, have specific characteristics linked to their origin (animal or vegetable) and their structure (fibers, straw, solid matrix, etc.). Their very high porosity makes them reactive to the relative humidity variations, which can affect their thermal performances and their durability (as for all materials), but also give them a regulation capacities. In order to improve the knowledge of these particular materials, first, we propose to study the impact caused by moisture on their thermal characteristics, mainly thermal conductivity and specific heat. Then the hygrothermal characteristics are studied, which makes it possible to better understand the phenomena depending on the capacities of adsorption, desorption, permeability or water vapor resistance. Also, we realize the importance of the temperature gradient impact on the evolution of the hygroscopic transfers within the materials. By placing the studied bio-sourced insulation materials under random loading or under real conditions, it will be possible to follow their hygrothermal behavior from an experimental point of view. The numerical approach makes it possible to identify the preponderant influence parameters, in the context of the prediction of coupled heat and mass transfers by simulation under particular conditions of use, such as the renovation of an existing habitat. On the basis of in situ measurements, it can be seen that these materials have a high adaptability to environments whose relative humidity is evolutionary
Ghorbel, Inès. "Elaboration, caractérisation et mise en œuvre de matériaux polymères à base de polysemicarbazides et polyester furanique bio-sourcés". Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ISAL0013.
Testo completoThis work aims at elaborating, characterising and processing polymer materials based on bio-sourced polysemicarbazides and furanic polyesters. The study has three main parts : Synthesis and optimisation of the synthesis of poly(acylsemicarbazide)s, elaboration of polymer blends based on furanic polymers (PEF or PSC) with PET, PLA and PHA and elaboration of new furano-aliphatic copolyesters by ring opening polymerisation (PEF/PCL) or by inter-exchange reactions between ’homopolymers (PEF/PCL, PEF/PLA et PEF/PHA) in the melt. The first chapter reports on the synthesis of a serie of bifuranic dihydrazides and on the study of their reactivity with several aromatic diisocyanates in order to elaborate furano-aromatic polyacylsemicarbazides. The behaviour of model monomer systems in various experimental conditions is studied in order to d’optimise the polycondensation processbefore transfering it to several monomer combinations. In the second chapter, we study the elaboration of new materials based on furanic polymers (PEF or PSC) blended with polyesters in the melt. 3 kinds of blends based on furanic polyesters / aliphatic and aromatic polyesters. The third chapter is devoted to the synthesis of furanic polyesters with controlled ends : dihydroxy-PEF (PEF di-OH), dicarboxylate-PEF (PEF di-COOH), diethylester-PEF (PEF di-COOEt) as well as PEF with mixed ends (PEF di-OH/COOEt). The latest have been used for the elaboration of new furano-aliphatic polyesters by ring opening polymerisation (PEF /PCL) or after interexchange reaction in melt homoplymer blends (PEF/PLA, PEF/PHA and PEF/PCL)
Dobircau, Larisa. "Relations structures-propriétés dans les composites 100 % naturels, bio-sourcés, renforcés par des fibres végétales". Rouen, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ROUES016.
Testo completoOver the last decades the consumption of synthetic polymers and their products increased rapidly and the problems concerning the plastic wastages are now one of the most important limiting factors for its extensive usages. The research efforts are being harnessed in the development of fully biodegradable "green" materials. Among these new materials , plastics resulting from bio-resources in general, and starch in particular, seem to be able to replace polymers resulting from petro chemistry. Thus, the primary goal of this work was to study the effect of the composition of a wheat flour based matrix on the physical properties. By the mean of an extrusion process, we carried out films with different compositions and compared the structures, morphologies, the thermal and mechanical properties obtained. Then, we focused on the valorisation of natural fibres (cotton, flax and bamboo) by their incorporation in our matrix. These fibres were not chosen by hazard, indeed, cotton is resulting from the recycling of fabric cutting, the short flax fibres are a by-product of the production of long fibres and finally the bamboo because this plant can present very fast growths. We could show initially that the matrix composition initially established in a patent can be simplified and improved by the suppresion of certain components like silica, stearate of magnesium and partly the sorbitol. Then, "low-tech" 100 % natural composites (short life time) were carried out by varying the nature of the reinforcement used. In the future, these performances will make it possible to target quite specific markets
Menager, Charlotte. "Valorisation du liège et de la subérine pour l’élaboration de résines thermodurcissables et de composites bio-sourcés". Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AZUR4109.
Testo completoCork is derived from the cork oak outer bark (Quercus suber L.) which is harvested around each ten years. This material is known mainly for its use in wine and building industries for cork stoppers production, on the first hand and for the manufacture of agglomerated insulated cork panels with a polyurethane resin on the second hand. However during the industrial cork processing, cork residues are produced which are representing 20 % of total cork production. The granulometry of these residues is too low and they are not suitable for cork conventional applications. The goal of this thesis is to valorize the use of cork residues and to agglomerate them thanks to a biobased resin that can replace the use of petrochemical resin. In a first part, mechanisms of polymerisation of a first biobased matrix is studied based on epoxidized linseed oil thanks to the use of isoconversional method. Performances of three dicarboxylic acids with a various carbon chain length are compared as hardener. Then, the major component of cork, named suberin, is extracted in the form of two different textures. Secondly, suberin is also extracted with a way more adapted for industrial constraints in order to produce it for low value-added applications. A study of the reactivity between epoxidized linseed oil and suberin is drived to design a new biobased thermoset material. Finally two types of biobased cork composites are studied in this PhD work with two different matrix: the poly(furfuryl alcohol) and epoxidized vegetal oils. The fracture surfaces as well as thermal and mechanical properties of these composites are observed, studied and compared to samples agglomerated with commercially available on polyurethane resin
Avramescu, Ana-Maria. "Approche de l'impact des matériaux bio-sourcés sur la qualité perçue des produits : cas de la fibre de lin". Phd thesis, Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01001740.
Testo completoJulien, Jean Mario. "Développement de polymères et composites alvéolaires bio-sourcés à base de poly(acide lactique)". Phd thesis, Lille 1, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00726158.
Testo completoRonasi, Sara. "Étude d'élaboration des mélanges de matériaux bio-sourcés à base d'amidon plastifié et de poly (acide lactique) et de leur compatibilisation". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LORR0264/document.
Testo completoThis study dealt with the development and the compatibilization of the blends of plasticized starch and polylactic acid. The transformation of native to plasticized starch is possible by extrusion in the presence of plasticizers. In this work, the final properties of plasticized starch are controlled by changing process parameters (temperature, extrusion time, screw's rotation speed) and nature and quantity of plasticizers. Plasticization of starch by water, glycerol, sorbitol and citric acid is studied. The blends of plasticized starch and poly (lactic acid) (PLA) are prepared and characterized in the second part of this work. To improve the compatibility of the blend, one way is the addition of a copolymer to the mixture to stabilize the dispersed phase in the matrix. The copolymer used in this work (Amylose-g-PLA) is constituted of amylose backbone and poly (lactic acid) (PLA) grafts. The number and the size of the grafted chains of PLA have been controlled by a three step process polymerization. Two copolymer structures have been prepared: type1, containing high numbers of low molar weight PLA grafts and type 2, lower numbers of high molar weight PLA grafts. In the final part, efficiency of these copolymers (Amylose-g-PLA) in these blends is studied. The comparison between morphology and mechanical properties of blends prepared with these copolymers, demonstrate the higher efficiency of type1 copolymer
Billes, Elise. "Préparation d'oligomères de cellulose par dépolymérisation pour la synthèse de nouveaux composés amphiphiles bio-sourcés". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0209/document.
Testo completoThe purpose of this study is to produce uniform cellulose oligomers. In this frame, two methods were considered:for the “fishing” method, the oligomers obtained by acidic hydrolysis of cellulose are separated by selective solubilisation in an organic phase thanks to a synthetic polymer. The size ratio between the synthetic polymer and the cellulose oligomer would be responsible for the selectivity.For the “masking” method, parts of cellulose backbone having the size of the future oligomers are protected with a synthetic polymer during an enzymatic hydrolysis.In both cases, the synthetic polymers contain boronic acid groups that interact reversibly with saccharides.Despite various attempts, these two methods were not crowned with success. The first one was eventually not selective. For the second one, the polymer allowing an interaction all along the cellulose backbone could not be synthesised. The dispersity of the oligomers obtained by acidic hydrolysis (polymerisation degree (DP) from 1 to 12) was satisfactorily decreased by solubilising the smaller DP in methanol.To finish, the methanol-insoluble fraction was functionalised at the reducing end with an azide group. It was then coupled to an alkyne-functionalised stearic acid by click chemistry. The self-assembly of this new amphiphilic compound was studied in water, the CMC was measured at 100 mg.L-1. The particles formed were spherical, homogeneous and had an average diameter of 140 nm, which indicate a vesicle morphology
Chennouf, Nawal. "Phénomènes de transfert de chaleur et de masse dans les composites de bois de palmier dattier : comportement sous sollicitations dynamiques". Thesis, Paris Est, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PESC0012.
Testo completoPromoting the date palm concrete in new constructions and renovating buildings requires a full hygrothermal characterization at several scales (material, wall and building). In this thesis, the hygrothermal behavior of date palm concrete was experimentally investigated, firstly at material scale then at wall scale. In the first part, the adsorption-desorption isotherms and the hysteresis effect of DPC were characterized under static conditions.The results revealed a high hygric capacity for this material compared with other classical building materials. The moisture buffer value and the effect of temperature on successive adsorption/desorption cycles were also assessed under dynamic conditions. It was found that the sorption process is highly affected by the temperature. Furthermore, this bio-based mortar was classified as hygroscopic and breathable material with excellent moisture buffer capacity. In the second part of the thesis, we have experimentally investigated the hygrothermal behavior at wall scale. The investigation was performed using a climatic chamber where the variation of temperature and relative humidity were applied on one side of the wall. These both parameters were measured at different depths of the biobased wall using sensors. Several thermo-hygric phenomena were highlighted such as the high coupling effect between the heat and moisture transfer due to the evaporation-condensation and adsorption-desorption phenomena. Besides, significant thermal and hygric inertia was observed through the DPC wall which allows mitigating overheating and reducing interstitial condensation for sustainable constructions
Ben, Dahou Dounia. "Nouveaux matériaux nanoporeux et bio-hybrides à base de nanoparticules minérales et/ou celllulosiques : relation structure/propriétés". Thesis, Lorient, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LORIS363/document.
Testo completoThis thesis focuses on the preparation, using freeze drying technique, of aerogels madefrom cellulose and mineral fillers intended for potential use in the field of thermal insulation. Thefirst goal of this thesis was the characterization of different cellulose (cellulose (PBPD)nanocrystals (NCC) and oxidized nanofibrils (NFCs)), the inorganic filler (mainly zeolite) and theresulting aerogels prepared by various combinations. We used for the characterization of thestarting materials and the aerogels analytical techniques such as x-ray diffraction (XRD), BET,SEM and the zeta potential. We also characterized the mechanical properties of the aerogels bycompression tests and their thermal conduction properties in the non-steady state by the hot wiretechnique. It has been found that multi-scale structure of these celluloses promotes the creation ofmeso and nanoporosities to the detriment of macroporosity. This promotes the confinement ofthe air in the bio-aerogel by Knudsen effect and improves their thermal insulation properties. Onthe other hand, the nanoparticles (organic and inorganic) allow the aerogels to have very goodmechanical properties. The third objective was to try other mineral fillers (other than the zeolite)in combination with the different cellulose and explore the morphological, structural, thermaland mechanical of the corresponding aerogels. This study has allowed showing the importance ofmorphological and geometrical characteristics of the mineral fillers in controlling physical andmechanical properties of the bio-hybrid aerogels
Seng, Billy. "Etude expérimentale et numérique du comportement hygrothermique de blocs préfabriqués en béton de chanvre". Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU30153.
Testo completoHemp concrete is a bio-based construction material able to meet current sustainable issues. Used as filling and insulating material, it has the capacity to regulate the indoor relative humidity. Its complex hygrothermal behavior results on interdependent thermal and hydric performances. The prediction of the hygrothermal effect is performed through heat and moisture transfer modeling and simulation. However, the use of representative inputs is necessary. Standard characterization methods have often been developed for usual building material and can show some limitations in the case of bio-based material. The main objective of these works is to determine the hygrothermal properties of a precast hemp concrete produced at industrial scale, have a better understanding of this characterization and describe its hygrothermal behavior through numerical simulations. The studied material is based on pozzolanic binder and hemp aggregates. One part of this work deals with the characterization of the physical, thermal and hydric properties of the studied material and with the measurement methods. For each hygrothermal properties, several methods have been confronted. If possible, the temperature and humidity influences have been appraised. A heat and moisture transfer model is proposed with a scale analysis based on hemp concrete properties from the literature. This model has been applied to wall scale experiments highlighting the impact of sorption and phase change phenomena on the heat transfers. With regards to the thermal properties, the experimental study at material scale highlights the significant impact of the experimental protocol on the result of the measure, particularly for the specific heat capacity. For hydric properties, the studies put forward the interest of performing a parametric round-robin test dedicated to bio-based materials. An air permeability measurement protocol designed for regular concrete has been adapted in order to evaluate the performance of a very permeable material such as the hemp concrete. The numerical model is validated on a test from a standard and a test from the literature. It manages to describe test with usual ambient solicitations performed in the bi-climatic chamber
Condassamy, Olivia. "Valorisation d'une lignine alcaline industrielle : vers le développement de nouveaux synthons et oligomères bio-sourcés issus de la lignine". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0265/document.
Testo completoA valorization of alkaline lignin from an industrial pulping liquor has been proposed for this project. Before considering any chemical modification or potential applications, the lignin structure has been elucidated. An efficient three-steps protocol for extraction and purification of lignin from industrial liquor has been established. This protocol leads to high purity sample of lignin (95%) and allows the recovery (68%) of the lignin initially present in the alkaline liquor. Alkaline lignin has been characterized utilizing analytical methods and thermogravimetric analysis. This precise structure elucidation was critical for proceeding to chemical modification of alkaline lignin. Chemical modification of alkaline lignin has been done by oxidation in alkaline media. Three major oxidized products have been isolated depending on the extraction solvent: oligomers bearing carboxylic groups and aromatic molecules. This thesis work led to the synthesis of value-added bio-sourced chemicals and functionalized oligomers. The polyacids from lignin obtained should be studied to form new biobased polymers such as polyesters, polyamids or polyurethanes
Scalabrino, Gabrielle. "Modifications catalytiques d’huiles végétales pour des applications en matériaux polymères". Thesis, Lyon 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO10304.
Testo completoDuring this thesis, derivatives of vegetable oils are used to synthesize bio-resistant bio plasticizers for PVC and plasticizer / cross linker for an elastomer (EPDM). The oils possess ester functional groups which allow the solubilization of PVC and fatty chains compatible with EPDM. The reactions of epoxide ring-opening of fatty esters to di esters (symmetrical and asymmetrical) have been studied and applied mainly to the plasticization of PVC. The ring-opening of epoxides of fatty esters to ether-esters has also been studied, primarily for plasticization of EPDM. Optimization of the reaction conditions was carried: homogeneous (TBACl) and heterogeneous (TiO2) catalysts were efficient for the preparation of hydroxy-ester, and sulfonic resins in ether and the esterification of residual hydroxyls. A wide variety of reagents selected according to desired application were used. The derivative cyclohexanoate / acetate rapeseed methyl esters present the best plasticizing properties for PVC but it is unfortunately not bio-resistant. Ether-ester derivatives are not stable thermally and do not allow the plasticization of EPDM. A relatively non-polar di-unsaturated derivative (oleyl oleate) was synthesized for the plasticization and cross linking of EPDM. Several reactions are considered to link the oil and the polymer (hydrosilylation, ene- reaction and metathesis), but the reactivity is too low to allow the cross linking
Pettignano, Asja. "Alginate : a versatile biopolymer for functional advanced materials". Thesis, Montpellier, Ecole nationale supérieure de chimie, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ENCM0004.
Testo completoAlginates, polysaccharides produced by brown algae, are linear block-copolymers formed by mannuronate (M) and guluronate (G) units. Because of their huge natural abundance, cheapness and physicochemical properties, alginates represent a highly attractive and still relatively unexplored class of biopolymers for applications in the field of advanced materials. In this context, the present work aimed to enrich the range of possible applications of alginate-derived materials, making the most of the peculiar features of this class of natural polysaccharides. In particular, the preparation of alginate-based active materials to be employed in the catalysis, adsorption and biomedical field was studied, achieving encouraging results in all the tested applications. The beneficial use of alginic acid in heterogeneous catalysis, both as reaction promoter and as support for the heterogeneization of an organocatalyst, was demonstrated. The activity of the material was found highly dependent on the accessibility of the active functions, highlighting the advantage of employing more accessible alginate formulations. The texturation of alginates was further advantageous for the preparation of materials with improved flowability. Alginic acid foams, bearing a hierarchical macro-mesoporous structure were developed by means of a simple procedure. Accurate characterization was performed to optimize the preparation procedure and to correlate the textural properties of the obtained materials with the parameters used. The interest of the prepared alginic acid foams was demonstrated in a model application, the adsorption of methylene blue from aqueous solutions, both in batch and in flow conditions. The possibility to easily modify alginate functional groups, coupled with the biocompatible and biodegradable nature of alginates, was finally employed for the development of self-healing gels, thanks to the formation of two types of dynamic covalent interactions: Schiff base and boronate ester bonds. Both the examined systems presented a marked ability to recover after damage, even if the extent of the recovery and the stability of the gels was highly dependent on the preparation parameters and environmental conditions used. The results obtained in the course of this study clearly demonstrate how a full comprehension and conscious employment of alginate physicochemical properties can maximize the potential of this sustainable resource in the field of material chemistry
Sangregorio, Anna. "Valorisation d'humines issues de biorafineries : vers le développement de thermodurcissables et de composites durables". Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AZUR4062.
Testo completoThe production of chemicals via acid-catalysed dehydration of sugars is inevitably related to the formation of co-products. Noteworthy, a black and viscous polymeric co-product called humins can be formed in significant quantities. Humins are heterogeneous and polydisperse macromolecules, mainly constituted by furanic rings and aldehydes, ketones and hydroxyls as main functional groups. For many years, scientists focused on finding a way to avoid humins formation during biorefinery processes but that appears to be almost inevitable. In current biorefinery process designs, humins are burnt to generate heat that can be integrated back into the process. However, the attention is now shifting towards ways to make high value-added products from humins, to further improve the process economics of biorefineries. An extensive analysis of the structure and pysico-chemical properties of humins was performed to support humins application research. Particular attention was paid to the identification of transitions and chemical reactions occurring in humins, by using advanced thermoanalytical techniques. It was demonstrated that it is possible to obtain a thermoset polymer with different properties, based on the treatment used. The cross-linking behaviour was then further elucidated by studying optimal initiators and through a deep investigation on the kinetics of cross-linking. Humin based thermosets were tested for different applications. The potential of all-humins-matrix in combination with natural fibres was investigated. Good interaction between organic matrix and natural fibres was observed, making humins very promising for the next generation of biobased thermoset materials. The use of humins as matrix is a sustainable solution to develop all "green" composites, with high hydrophobic properties and mechanical properties comparable with other biobased thermosets used in several commercial applications. Considering the very good affinity with lignocellulosic materials, a new process option was evaluated for fibre modification to enhance the interaction at the interface between cellulosic fibres and common polymeric matrices such as polypropylene. This study also allowed to get insights into the interactions between cellulose and humins. To further exploit these type of applications, wood modification with humin resin was studied. Dimension and weight stability of the modified wood after immersion in water confirmed improved hydrophobicity of the final material. Mechanical properties were studied by DMA. This study demonstrates that this new impregnation technique can improve the dimensional stability of wood, without compromising on the mechanical properties by valorising humins. Finally, the possibility to use humins as a binder to enhance bitumen’s rheological properties and decrease its environmental impact was investigated
Chlela, Robert. "Durabilité d'un système composite biosourcé (matrice époxy-fibres de lin) pour applications de renforcement structural : approches expérimentale et fiabiliste". Thesis, Paris Est, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PESC2076.
Testo completoIn France, the built heritage of civil engineering and building structures is vast and ageing. Recent reports prepared by experts highlight this alarming situation and point out the need to significantly increase the resources allocated to the rehabilitation of this heritage. In this context, structural reinforcement by externally bonded composites has become an attractive solution for the rehabilitation of structures and the extension of their lifespan. This thesis, funded by the French Research Agency (ANR), aims to develop a new composite reinforcement system with a reduced environmental footprint, on one hand, and to build an original reliability approach to estimate the lifetime of reinforcement systems and their failure probability at any time, on the other hand. In this manuscript, the main phases of development of the bio-based system are first recalled. In particular, it is recalled that the formulation of the bio-sourced epoxy matrix was based upon the specifications and characteristics of the Foreva® TFC matrix, and the criteria that guided the choice of the unidirectional flax fibre reinforcement fabric are also presented. The second part of the manuscript presents all the experimental results obtained within the framework of the durability study on the bio-based strengthening system. This test campaign relies on a Design of Experiment optimized by Hoke’s matrix. Laminated composite plates and concrete slabs reinforced with these composites were subjected to accelerated ageing under hygrothermal conditions, and to natural ageing on an outdoor exposure site in Lyon as well, for a total duration of 24 months. In a first step, the results of various physico-chemical characterizations that were periodically conducted on the bio-based composites, highlighted the relative contributions of mechanisms involved in microstructural evolutions and degradation phenomena of both the polymer matrix and fiber/matrix interfaces. In a second step, the changes in the main performance indicators related to the composite and the concrete-composite interface subjected to the various ageing environments, are presented and interpreted in the light of the previous physico-chemical characterizations. In a third step, a comparison is made between the bio-based composite system and a traditional carbon fibre strengthening system. The last part of the manuscript is devoted to the implementation of the reliability approach, relying on the experimental database previously collected for the bio-based system. A statistical analysis by the ANOVA method is first carried out on all experimental data. Two degradation models were then developed to describe the evolutions of performance indicators over time for any hygrothermal ageing condition: an analytical model with explicit terms related to quadratic effects and coupling between temperature and relative humidity, and a physical model based on Eyring's law.In a next step, these models were used to estimate the lifetime of the bio-based strengthening system under accelerated ageing conditions. End-of-life criteria were first defined based on specifications proposed by different design guidelines, in particular by ACI and AFGC reports.In order to evaluate the lifetime under actual service conditions, a specific procedure was then proposed to apply the analytical model in the case of natural ageing. Finally, a probabilization of the analytical model is carried out in order to determine the probability of failure of the bio-based strengthening system at any time during its lifetime
Andrianandraina. "Approche d'éco-conception basée sur la combinaison de l'analyse de cycle de vie et de l'analyse de sensibilité : Cas d'application sur le cycle de vie du matériau d'isolation thermique biosourcé, le béton de chanvre". Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ECDN0005.
Testo completoThe purpose of this PhD thesis is to establish an ecodesign method based on Life Cycle Assessment, that should allow identifying action levers specific for each economic actor of the life cycle of a product, for improved environmental performances. Life Cycle Assessment was coupled with two methods of sensitivity analysis in five steps: (i) definition of objectives and system, (ii) modeling calculation of inventory and impact indicators with different approaches according to foreground and background sub-systems, (iii) characterization of parameters using a typology specific to possibilities of control of the considered economic actor, (iv) application of two sensitivity analysis methods (Morris and Sobol) and (v) results interpretation in order to identify potential efficient improvements. The approach was applied on the hemp concrete insulation product, including agricultural production, industrial transformation of hemp fibers, and use of hemp concrete as a thermal insulator for buildings. The approach provides potential technological scenarios improving environmental performances for each single economic actor of the product’s life cycle. Performing the method presently requires additional information, but will probably be paid back in the future by driving more robust choices for a given product
Zine, Oussama. "Caractérisation thermique et acoustique des plaques isolantes à base de fibres végétales". Electronic Thesis or Diss., CY Cergy Paris Université, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024CYUN1279.
Testo completoThe valorization of plant waste, so abundant in Morocco, offers great potential for the development of a new sector of composite materials. Nevertheless, this potential remains under-exploited. In this context, this study was carried out to investigate the thermal and acoustical characteristics of local composite panels based on plant fibers. The aim is twofold: on the one hand, to offer an alternative solution to waste management in Morocco, and on the other hand, to improve the thermal and acoustic performance of walls.Several samples of composite materials based on plant fibers (wood chips, sawdust, crushed hemp shiv, and fibred hemp shiv) were developed to assess their thermal and acoustical characteristics.From a thermal point of view, the experimental results have shown that the majority of composites studied exhibit low values of the thermal conductivity and diffusivity. In addition, the variation in bulk density has a considerable effect on the thermal properties of the composites. In addition, the thermal inertia parameters of the exterior wall are influenced by the thermophysical properties, thickness, and position of the insulation in the wall, as well as the internal global heat exchange coefficient.From an acoustic point of view, the samples have a significant acoustic absorption capacity, particularly at high frequencies. They can absorb more than 50% of incident sound energy over a wide range of frequencies. Composite bulk density and particle size also influence acoustic absorption.In conclusion, the results obtained provide a reliable and promising assessment of the thermal and acoustic performance of plant-based insulation materials. The development of this sector will contribute to Morocco's energy efficiency development program and enrich the database of insulation materials available in the country
Wu, Dongxia. "Experimental and numerical study on passive building envelope integrated by PCM and bio-based concrete". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022LORR0104.
Testo completoWith the development of society, the demand for energy saving and carbon emission reduction in buildings as well as the indoor thermal and humidity environment comfort is gradually increasing. Using Phase change materials (PCMs) or bio-based hygroscopic materials as building envelopes are promising solutions. PCMs can improve indoor thermal comfort and reduce energy consumption, while bio-based hygroscopic materials are environment-friendly materials that enable indoor humidity regulation and thermal insulation. However, only a few studies have explored the integrated application of the two types of materials and comprehensively analyzed the energy and hygrothermal performance. This dissertation proposed a passive envelope solution that integrates PCM and bio-based hemp concrete (HC) to simultaneously improve the energy, thermal, and hygric performances of buildings. The main objectives of this study are to investigate the feasibility of the integrated envelopes, to comprehensively study the hygrothermal and energy performance as well as the advantages and disadvantages of different configurations with PCM placed in different locations of the HC, and to conduct the parametric analysis and evaluate the application risks of the integrated envelope.First, experiments were conducted by comparing the hygrothermal performance of a reference envelope (HC only) and three integrated envelopes with PCM placed in different locations under two typical boundary conditions. The results demonstrated the feasibility of the integrated envelopes. The presence of PCM increased the thermal and hygric inertia of the envelope. As a result, the time delay was increased and the temperature/relative humidity amplitude was decreased. Different configurations had different advantages and disadvantages. The configurations with PCM placed in the middle of the HC was worth noting as it had small temperature/relative humidity fluctuation, long temperature time delay, and large energy savings.Then, the mathematical model of the integrated envelope that couples heat and moisture transfer and considers the temperature dependence of HC’s hygroscopic characteristic was developed. The accuracy of the model was validated by comparison with the experimental data. Based on the validated model, the simulations were performed in a Mediterranean climate to comprehensively investigate the hygrothermal and energy performance of the integrated envelope. The results highlighted the indispensable role moisture transfer plays in determining the indoor hygric environment and heat load, as well as the valuable effect of the integrated envelope on improving both energy and hygrothermal performance. Besides, the integrated envelope with PCM close to (but not in contact with) the interior showed great potential for saving energy and adapting to climate humidity variation while guaranteeing moisture equilibrium within the HC.Finally, the parametric analysis was performed from the perspective of PCM properties (thickness, latent heat, and phase transition range), and the application (condensation and mold growth) risk was evaluated. The results of the parametric analysis illustrated that the performance of the integrated envelope could be improved by increasing the thickness and latent heat and identifying the appropriate phase transition range of the PCM. The risk evaluation results confirmed that the integrated envelope was free from the risk of condensation and mold growth
Ratovonkery, Julie. "DYNABIOSOL : Conception bio-inspirée d'une enveloppe solaire Photovoltaïque dynamique aux fonctionnalités évolutives". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Chambéry, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023CHAMA027.
Testo completoClimate change, growing energy demand and depletion of fuel resources have led to increasingly high energy and environmental ambitions. These ambitions aim for resilient, sustainable, zero carbon and positive energy buildings in the building sector. Radical innovation in building envelope technologies is paramount as it is a key element in building energy efficiency. Indeed, the envelope is often designed on the basis of static functionalities rather than an adaptive and multifunctional interface. However, in the latter case, it would interact with and benefit from the effects of its external environment to ensure a comfortable indoor environment and the production of the building operating energy.In this context, this thesis consists in the design of an adaptive facade with integrated photovoltaic (PV) components. The adaptive functionalities are developed to improve both the thermal performance of the facade and the electrical production of the PV modules. Designing such an envelope element often requires complex mechanical and control systems to implement dynamic and adaptive functionalities. For this reason, we have chosen to adopt a bioinspiration approach and use smart materials to achieve flexible and low-tech adaptation mechanisms.The methodology involves the analysis of the thermal and electrical behaviour of a standard photovoltaic facade. In our case, it comprises bifacial PV modules, a ventilated air gap and a multilayer wall. The principle is to identify the properties limiting that facade to static functionalities. From this step, biological mechanisms related to the identified properties, and that can overcome the limitations are explored. Afterwards, smart materials enabling to implement the bioinspired strategies are selected. Finally, the outline of the new concept is developed with the principles involved. The solution is validated through experimental studies on the samples of the selected materials and on a reduced-scale prototype of the facade. Numerical feasibility studies and energy performance analysis at the building scale are also carried out.The developed solution consists in the application of thermosensitive and reflective bilayer components on the wall behind the PV modules. Those components are thin rectangular slats applied opposite to the PV cells. When the temperature rises, they gradually bend. Their cyclic deformation allows the adjustment of the facade functionalities according to three principles. First, in summer, the PV facade is cooled by shading the wall and dissipating heat through the increased thermal surface exchange in the air gap. Second, in winter, solar thermal energy is harvested by closing the air gap or recovering preheated air. Finally, the bilayers enhance the PV power output because of their high reflection of the irradiance to the backside of the bifacial PV modules. The experimental and numerical studies have validated the potential of the design to improve building energy efficiency, especially for increasing yearly electricity production and thermal performance in summer
Lefebvre, Jérôme. "Etude et valorisation d'un absorbant innovant à base de polymères d'origine naturelle dédié au confort acoustique". Thesis, Artois, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ARTO0201/document.
Testo completoThis thesis is about acoustic comfort and deals particularly with absorptive materials used to treat noise pollution in the housing environment. Our purpose is a double-sided one as the idea is to propose a bio based and absorptive material within the range of low frequencies.We have focused on porous bio based material on the same manufacturing process of porous ceramic. It is composed of homogeneous and isotropic cellulose. The making of a polymethyl methcrylate print enabling a thorough control of its internal structure. Then, we have dealt with the experimental characterization of its acoustic properties and of the intrinsic parameters of the material. The analysis of these data together with the numerical modelling permitted to define the physical characteristics having an influence on acoustic performances and to identify their means of improvement.Finally, the implementation of empirical means will be presented, namely: (i) the inclusion of aerogel in the porous mould, (ii) the exploitation of double porosity in two different configurations, either in the case of cellulose/aerogel composite, or the one of a material composed of a double mesoporous/microporous structure and (iii) the use of materials containing gradients of properties (interconnection or porosity). For each of these three approaches, the manufacturing process and the characterization of these new materials are detailed and their acoustic performances are discussed
Ismail, Brahim. "Contribution au développement et optimisation d’un système composite biosourcé-enduit de protection pour l’isolation thermique de bâtiment". Thesis, Orléans, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020ORLE3112.
Testo completoThe research work presented in this thesis focuses on the formulation, characterization and modeling of the physical and mechanical properties of bio-composite materials based on plant aggregates (cereal straw) for thermal insulation and energy rehabilitation of buildings. The objectives of this thesis, part of the PEPITE project, are the optimization of the thermal, mechanical and hydric performances of the bio-based materials developed within the framework of previous work and the development of a protective coating for a technical solution of thermal rehabilitation. The optimization of the formulation is obtained by using additives and other biodegradable and renewable natural waste, in order to create a higher porosity and to further decrease the thermal conductivity of the materials. Based on the results of experimental characterization, three formulations were selected. These materials are highly heterogeneous media with a rather complex behaviour and for which its understanding and prediction call for numerical homogenization methods in the framework of this work. The effect of the real microstructure (morphology, orientation of heterogeneities) on the effective thermal properties and the non-linear mechanical behavior of these materials was also highlighted in this study. The comparison of numerical and experimental results confirmed the predictive capacity and the potential of the approach used to guide the formulation of materials based on thermal performance criteria. A detailed characterization of the hydric properties of the optimal formulations (water vapor permeability, sorption-desorption curves, MBV) was carried out in order to understand the relationship between the properties of these materials and the notion of hygro-thermal comfort of the building. Excellent hydric properties were obtained for the three bio-composites studied. In order to evaluate their long-term performance, the materials were exposed to accelerated ageing in the laboratory through humidification-drying and freeze-thaw tests. This environmental assessment revealed a significant reduction in mechanical properties after the cycles considered. Finally, a protective coating for bio-based materials was developed in this study with the aim of proposing a complete thermal renovation solution. The coating with optimised behaviour proposed here by combining an experimental and numerical approach was the subject of a physical and mechanical characterization in order to measure its impact on the performance of biocomposites. The characteristics obtained for the optimal formulations proposed meet perfectly the regulatory requirements relating for thermal insulation coatings
Brouard, Yoann. "Caractérisation et optimisation d'un composite biosource pour l'habitat". Thesis, Tours, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOUR4024.
Testo completoThe purpose of this study was to compare hygrothermal acoustical and mechanical properties ot different materials based on vegetal aggregates and clay in order to characterize the performances of different biocomposites to provide building insulation solutions with a view to valorizing agricultural waste. We first analyzed the raw materials in order to get the density, thermal and hydric properties of the vegetal aggregates in one hand and the mineralogy and gravimetric data of the selected crude earth in the other hand. Thermal behavior of earth:vegetal aggregates mixes have been investigated at different humidity rates and different density ranges. Additionally, hydric properties have been measured to produce sorption and desorption curves and moisture buffer values (MBV) in one hand and capillarity of both aggregates and biocomposites on the other hand. One of the main interests of this study is to confirm that a wide range of locally produced vegetal byproducts could be used as - bioaggregates for concretes. Local biomaterials industries could therefore emerge depending on the locally available resources at country scale