Tesi sul tema "Marital separations"
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1
Itoh, Lyndsay Kennedy Janice. "Romantic attachment as it relates to military-related marital separations". Diss., Statesboro, Ga.: Georgia Southern University, 2009. http://www.georgiasouthern.edu/etd/archive/fall2009/lyndsay_a_itoh/Itoh_Lyndsay_A_200908_MS.pdf.
Abstract (sommario):
"A thesis submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Georgia Southern University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Master of Science." Title from PDF of title page (Georgia Southern University, viewed on June 19, 2010). Janice Kennedy, major professor; Larence Locker, Karen Naufel, committee members. Electronic version approved: December 2009. Includes bibliographical references (p.46-50).
2
Hasselmo, Karen Elizabeth, e Karen Elizabeth Hasselmo. "Psychological, Social, and Immunological Outcomes following Marital Separation". Diss., The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625844.
Abstract (sommario):
Close relationships play an integral role in human health (Coan & Sbarra, 2015). It follows, then, that the dissolution of an important relationship can have a variety of negative health consequences (Amato, 2010; Kitson & Morgan, 1990; Sbarra, Law, & Portley, 2011), and social loss confers vulnerability to a range of morbidities and early mortality. Disrupted marital status is one of the strongest sociodemographic predictors of stress-induced physical illness (Somers, 1979) and marital disruption has long been reported as one of life's most stressful events (Bloom, Asher, & White, 1978). Robust evidence links divorce or separation to poorer health outcomes; however, the exact mechanisms through which relationship dissolution influences our health so profoundly are not yet fully elucidated (Sbarra, Hasselmo, & Bourassa, 2015). The current study investigated how changes in psychological responses to divorce are associated with changes in immune responding in recently-separated adults (N = 55). I followed participants over an average of five months, collecting psychological distress measures at three visits, each one month apart, and immune measures at two visits, five months apart. To assess how variability in social engagement is associated with immunological responses following the end of a marriage, I incorporated naturalistic, observational data using a new methodology. I found that an objectively derived composite of social behaviors including (a) time spent with others; (b) time spent socializing/entertaining; (c) time spent in substantive conversation; and (d) time spent receiving positive support predicted concurrent immune outcomes over and above the effects of psychological distress and/or loneliness, and that psychological distress may exert indirect influence on immune outcomes through social integration. Furthermore, attachment style revealed differential longitudinal associations between social integration and immune outcomes. This research expands current knowledge on the immune-relevant outcomes of divorce and separation, and includes new methodology for naturalistically-derived measures of social engagement in determining how this common life stressor is associated with health over time.
3
Kier, Cheryl. "The ecology of families after parental marital separation". Thesis, University of Reading, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.333411.
4
Schachtner, Laura. "Premarital self-disclosure predicting distal marital outcomes". Thesis, Kansas State University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/35457.
Abstract (sommario):
Master of ScienceSchool of Family Studies and Human Services
Jared A. Durtschi
Can having more frequent conversations with a romantic partner prior to marriage contribute to better marital outcomes several years into a marriage? Little is known regarding premarital self-disclosure and its association with distal marital outcomes. Data was utilized from 707 newly married couples assessed across the first four years of marriage through three waves of assessment as part of the Marriage Matters Panel Survey of Newlywed Couples (Nock, Sanchez, & Wright, 2008). Structural equation modeling, including common-fate analysis, was used to test self-disclosure prior to marriage and its association with later marital quality of each spouse and the odds of divorce or separation by the first four years into marriage. Couple-level reactivity was tested as a mediator of these associations, while controlling for known covariates. Results indicated that premarital self-disclosure was associated with wives’ higher marital satisfaction and lower odds of divorce or separation three to four years into marriage. This relationship was mediated by reactivity. Clinical implications are discussed for couples prior to marriage, suggesting more frequent conversations about a wider variety of topics between dating couples.
5
Whisman, Mark A., Briana L. Robustelli e David A. Sbarra. "Marital disruption is associated with shorter salivary telomere length in a probability sample of older adults". PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/614944.
Abstract (sommario):
Marital disruption (i.e., marital separation, divorce) is associated with a wide range of poor mental and physical health outcomes, including increased risk for all-cause mortality. One biological intermediary that may help explain the association between marital disruption and poor health is accelerated cellular aging.
6
Sacre, Sandra M. "Dreams and adjustment following marital separation : implications for the function of dreaming". Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2006. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/20472/1/Sandra_Sacre_Thesis.pdf.
Abstract (sommario):
Arguably the most popular current theories of dreaming are the functional theories, including the emotional adaptation or problem-solving theory. These theories revolve around the idea that dreams may serve an independent adaptive function, helping us to adjust to, cope with, or resolve emotionally difficult life circumstances, problems and concerns. Contrary to these theories, other researchers have argued that dreams may have no function of their own, but are an epiphenomenon of REM sleep. The cognitive theories of dreaming suggest that dream content is continuous with waking concerns and preoccupations, and that dreaming about waking concerns is not adaptive but reflective, in a similar way that waking thought or daydreaming is reflective, of what is uppermost in the mind of the dreamer. A relatively small body of research (e.g., Barrett, 1993; Cartwright, 1991; Kramer, 1993) relating to individuals who have experienced major stressful life events, is often cited as support for the theory that dreams serve the specific function of helping us to adjust or adapt to current events. Until recently, this body of work has gone largely unexamined and unreplicated, though some have questioned the findings and their implications for the function of dreaming. The research presented in this thesis examined whether dream content reflects a process of adjustment in people who had recently experienced a marital separation, by investigating the relationship between their dream content in relation to measures of adjustment over time. In Study 1, 97 recently separated participants and 93 married controls were tested on personality and coping factors, asked to answer questions about their dream content, and then monitored over 12 months for change in their adjustment. In Study 2, a subset of 42 separated participants kept dream logs for a period of four weeks. Their dream reports were subjected to a qualitative analysis of thematic content, including threat and threat mastery, and analyses were conducted to explore the relationship between threat content, mastery and adjustment. In Study 3, a subset of eight Study 2 participants participated in a case study analysis which investigated contextual information about their individual situations in relation to their dream content and adjustment, in order to explore, in a more detailed way, the relationship between dream themes, adjustment, and waking concerns. Study 4 was designed to compare the findings of the previous studies with a separate sample, using three different methodologies for the collection of dream content data. This study was carried out to replicate the previous studies with the addition of a laboratory-based data collection technique. In Study 4, 18 separated participants spent one night in the sleep laboratory, monitored with a Nightcap, which allowed dream data to be collected from them via questionnaires, dream logs, and REM awakenings. Across all of the studies, and regardless of the method used to measure dream recall and content, there was a significant concurrent relationship between better adjustment and fewer dreams relating to participants’ marital situations. Those with the most distress were the same ones who were dreaming excessively about their separation. These findings suggest that dreams are continuous with waking preoccupation, and do not function to aid adjustment. As such, they did not support the functional adaptation theories of dreaming. The findings were more consistent with the cognitive theories of dreaming, including the theory that dreams have meaning, but no independent function of their own. A significant relationship was, however, found between ego strength, coping style and adjustment, highlighting the greater influence of internal personal resources in adjusting to difficult life circumstances. While these findings do not discount the suggestion that individuals derive significant personal meaning from their dreams, nor the possibility that dreams may reflect something of the function of REM sleep, they do suggest that “adaptationist” assumptions of functional theories of dreaming may be unfounded.
7
Sacre, Sandra M. "Dreams and adjustment following marital separation : implications for the function of dreaming". Queensland University of Technology, 2006. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/20472/.
Abstract (sommario):
Arguably the most popular current theories of dreaming are the functional theories, including the emotional adaptation or problem-solving theory. These theories revolve around the idea that dreams may serve an independent adaptive function, helping us to adjust to, cope with, or resolve emotionally difficult life circumstances, problems and concerns. Contrary to these theories, other researchers have argued that dreams may have no function of their own, but are an epiphenomenon of REM sleep. The cognitive theories of dreaming suggest that dream content is continuous with waking concerns and preoccupations, and that dreaming about waking concerns is not adaptive but reflective, in a similar way that waking thought or daydreaming is reflective, of what is uppermost in the mind of the dreamer. A relatively small body of research (e.g., Barrett, 1993; Cartwright, 1991; Kramer, 1993) relating to individuals who have experienced major stressful life events, is often cited as support for the theory that dreams serve the specific function of helping us to adjust or adapt to current events. Until recently, this body of work has gone largely unexamined and unreplicated, though some have questioned the findings and their implications for the function of dreaming. The research presented in this thesis examined whether dream content reflects a process of adjustment in people who had recently experienced a marital separation, by investigating the relationship between their dream content in relation to measures of adjustment over time. In Study 1, 97 recently separated participants and 93 married controls were tested on personality and coping factors, asked to answer questions about their dream content, and then monitored over 12 months for change in their adjustment. In Study 2, a subset of 42 separated participants kept dream logs for a period of four weeks. Their dream reports were subjected to a qualitative analysis of thematic content, including threat and threat mastery, and analyses were conducted to explore the relationship between threat content, mastery and adjustment. In Study 3, a subset of eight Study 2 participants participated in a case study analysis which investigated contextual information about their individual situations in relation to their dream content and adjustment, in order to explore, in a more detailed way, the relationship between dream themes, adjustment, and waking concerns. Study 4 was designed to compare the findings of the previous studies with a separate sample, using three different methodologies for the collection of dream content data. This study was carried out to replicate the previous studies with the addition of a laboratory-based data collection technique. In Study 4, 18 separated participants spent one night in the sleep laboratory, monitored with a Nightcap, which allowed dream data to be collected from them via questionnaires, dream logs, and REM awakenings. Across all of the studies, and regardless of the method used to measure dream recall and content, there was a significant concurrent relationship between better adjustment and fewer dreams relating to participants’ marital situations. Those with the most distress were the same ones who were dreaming excessively about their separation. These findings suggest that dreams are continuous with waking preoccupation, and do not function to aid adjustment. As such, they did not support the functional adaptation theories of dreaming. The findings were more consistent with the cognitive theories of dreaming, including the theory that dreams have meaning, but no independent function of their own. A significant relationship was, however, found between ego strength, coping style and adjustment, highlighting the greater influence of internal personal resources in adjusting to difficult life circumstances. While these findings do not discount the suggestion that individuals derive significant personal meaning from their dreams, nor the possibility that dreams may reflect something of the function of REM sleep, they do suggest that “adaptationist” assumptions of functional theories of dreaming may be unfounded.
8
Mauldin, Teresa Ann. "The effect of human capital on the economic status of women immediately following divorce or separation /". The Ohio State University, 1985. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487261919113695.
9
Whatton, Alyssa, e Alyssa Whatton. "Over and Over Again: A Study on Recounting and Reconstruing After Marital Separation". Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625239.
Abstract (sommario):
The present study explores the acts of recounting and reconstruing memories in participants following a marital separation. Six undergraduate judges listened to stream-of-consciousness (SOC) recordings about participants' separation, then rating the degree to which participants engaged in two patterns of self-reflective thought, recounting or reconstruing, which refer to dwelling on details with a self-immersed perspective or trying to uncover the meaning behind the experience with a self-distanced perspective, respectively. Judges’ ratings of these constructs were not only highly reliable, but recounting memories were positively correlated with self-reported rumination and negatively correlated with reconstruing memories as predicted. The results of this study provide evidence of not only third parties being able to accurately identify when a person is reconstruing and recounting, but that recounting and reconstruing are associated with many other constructs related to psychological distress.
10
Baker, Kathryn. "War-time Marital Separation: Mental Health and Reunion Expectations Among Non-Deployed Spouses". Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/146879.
Abstract (sommario):
This project was broadly interested in the impact of military deployments on non-deployed spouses. Specifically, it examined how adjustment of the non-deployed spouse was related to the quality of the spouse's reunion experience. Non-deployed spouses' adjustment to the deployment was operationally defined in two ways, as relational adjustment and psychiatric adjustment. Relational adjustment examined aspects of a stream-of-conscious (SOC) recording non-deployed spouses made about their upcoming reunion experience with their husbands. Psychiatric adjustment was measured as a composite score of mental health symptoms, including: depressive, anxiety, and substance use symptoms from before, during, and after deployment. It was predicted that mental health symptoms would worsen following the deployment and improve following their husband's return; however, individual results were much more varied. In addition, I examined whether or not the composite scores of mental health were related to high adjustment during the deployment and a positive reunion experience later. While results were non-significant, this is likely due to the small sample size, as moderate effects were seen in the analysis involving more participants. Additionally, there was a strong relationship observed between the construct of balance during the Reunion SOC and mental health at Time 1, suggesting that mental health prior to a deployment may have behavioral implications during the deployment. Results from this project have some important implications for military families; by suggesting how adjustment relates to reunion experiences, programs can be offered to help non-deploying family members succeed through this difficult time.
11
Simm, Yvonne Mary Jane. "Men, women and wartime marital separation, Britain 1939 - 1945: a study of personal testimony". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.488151.
12
Lu, Chao-Chin. "Predicting Marital Dissolution Using Data from Both Spouses". BYU ScholarsArchive, 2010. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2853.
Abstract (sommario):
The present research studies marital dissolution using data from both spouses from the National Survey of Families and Households (NSFH) and uses the method of multiple imputation to handle missing data. Role theory and another four approaches (social exchange theory, stake theory, gender perspective and heterogeneity perspective) are used to make a methodological argument why using data from both spouses is necessary to study marital stability. Five data sets are imputed and there are 3,777 observations in each imputed data set. Main research findings are as followed. First, the model fits of the data from both spouses on marital dissolution are significantly better than the model fits of the data from one spouse only; therefore, gathering perceptual data from both spouses is necessary to understand marital dissolution. Second, overall, the effects of most spousal discrepancies do not support the heterogeneity perspective. Third, the model fits of the wife only model are significantly better than the model fits of the husband only model across different periods of marital duration, and the predictability of wives' variables is more stable than husbands' variables. Therefore, if only individual-level data are available to use, researchers are encouraged to use wives' data rather than husbands' data. Fourth, the predictability of factors varies with marital duration and gender in the models with data from both spouses.
13
Akamatsu, Junko. "Gender, power and sensibility : marital breakdown and separation in the Court of Arches, 1660-1800". Thesis, University of London, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.540115.
14
Toews, Michelle L. "Male-initiated partner abuse during marital separation prior to divorce : a quantitative and qualitative examination /". The Ohio State University, 2001. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1486398528559946.
15
Ellwanger, Pamela Betz. "Adolescent cohesion/attachment to parents : relationships with parental attachment style, marital satisfaction, and separation anxiety". Connect to resource, 1994. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1240426502.
16
Malone, Margaret M. Connolly. "Moving out, gender, emotions, knowledge and change; an exploratory study of the social construction of marital separation". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1995. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/NQ28144.pdf.
17
Leme, Vanessa Barbosa Romera. "Práticas parentais e recursos do ambiente de famílias nucleares, monoparentais e recasadas e o comportamento de crianças durante a transição para o ensino fundamental". Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/59/59137/tde-06052011-141926/.
Abstract (sommario):
A literatura sobre separação e recasamento indica que tais eventos são fontes de estresse para toda a família, especialmente quando os filhos passam por um momento de transição ecológica, tal com a entrada no primeiro ano, quando são exigidas, tanto das crianças quanto dos pais, novas habilidades para lidar com as demandas do novo contexto. A partir do Modelo Bioecológico do Desenvolvimento Humano, os objetivos do estudo foram: a) comparar as práticas parentais de mães de famílias nucleares, de famílias monoparentais e recasadas em transição recente e de famílias monoparentais e recasadas estáveis; b) comparar as habilidades sociais, os problemas de comportamento e a competência acadêmica das crianças das diferentes famílias; c) comparar os recursos do ambiente das diferentes configurações familiares que podem contribuir para o desempenho escolar das crianças; d) investigar possíveis preditores das habilidades sociais, dos problemas de comportamento e de competência acadêmica. Participaram da pesquisa 160 mães (33 que estavam casadas, 33 que estavam separadas há menos de três anos e 33 separadas há mais de três anos, 31 que estavam recasadas há menos de três anos e 30 recasadas há mais de três anos), cujos filhos passavam pela transição para o primeiro ano do ensino fundamental em cinco escolas públicas municipais. As 22 professoras das crianças participaram como informantes. Os dados foram coletados com as mães individualmente nas suas residências ou locais de trabalho; responderam a um questionário sobre caracterização familiar, a um inventário de práticas parentais, a um inventário de habilidades sociais e de problemas de comportamento, a um inventário de recursos do ambiente familiar e a um questionário sobre o nível socioeconômico. Em seguida, foram coletados os dados com as professoras das crianças cujas mães atenderam aos critérios de inclusão. As professoras responderam a um inventário de habilidades sociais, de problemas de comportamento e de competência acadêmica. Os resultados das análises de variância indicaram que, comparadas às demais famílias, as mães de famílias nucleares apresentaram mais práticas parentais positivas, mais recursos do ambiente familiar e seus filhos apresentaram mais habilidades sociais de autocontrole e cooperação com pares e menos problemas de comportamento. Já as famílias monoparentais em transição recente em relação às outras, apresentaram menos recursos do ambiente familiar e as crianças pertencentes a essas famílias apresentaram menos habilidades sociais e mais problemas de comportamento. As análises de regressão indicaram que as práticas parentais negativas e a qualidade da relação da criança com o pai biológico foram as variáveis que tiveram maior poder preditivo sobre as habilidades sociais, os problemas de comportamento e a competência acadêmica das crianças, nos ambientes familiar e escolar. Para as avaliações das mães, essas variáveis contribuíram para explicar de 48% a 61% da variância dos comportamentos e da competência acadêmica das crianças no modelo final de predição, enquanto que para as avaliações das professoras, os valores ficaram entre 9% e 17%. Destaca-se que, para as mães e para as professoras, as crianças, independentemente de terem passado por transições familiares, apresentaram muitas habilidades sociais e não se diferenciaram quanto à competência acadêmica. Tais resultados sinalizam recursos individuais que podem funcionar como fatores de proteção.The theory on separation and remarriage indicates that such events are sources of stress for the whole family, especially when children are undergoing ecological transition such as entering the first year, when new skills are required of both children and parents for dealing with the demands of the new context. Taking into account the Bioecological Model of Human Development, the study aimed: a) to compare the parental practices of mothers in nuclear, single-parent, remarried families in recent transition and single-parent and remarried stable families, b) to compare the social skills, behavior problems and academic competence of children from different families, c) to compare the home environment resources of different family configurations which may contribute to the academic performance of the children, d) to investigate possible predictors of social skills and behavior, academic competence problems. The participants were 160 mothers (33 mothers were from nuclear families, 33 from single-parent families separated for less than three years, 33 from single-parent families separated for more than three years, 31 from remarried families for less than three years and 30 from remarried for more than three years) whose children attended the first year of elementary public school. The 22 teachers of the children participated as informants. Data were collected through individual interviews with the mothers in their homes or workplaces. Mothers answered a questionnaire about family characteristics, an inventory of parental practices, an inventory of social skills and behavior problems, an inventory of home environment resources and a questionnaire of socioeconomic status. Then the data were collected with the teachers of children whose mothers met the inclusion criteria. The teachers answered to an inventory of social skills, behavior problems and academic competence. The results of variances analysis indicated that mothers from nuclear families had more positive parental practices, and they had more home environment resources. The analysis also indicated that children from nuclear families had more social skills of self-control and cooperation with peers and had less behavior problems than children and mothers from other families. Mothers from families which recently become single-parent had less home environment resources. The children from these families also had less social skills and had more behavior problems than children and mothers from other families. Regression analysis indicated that negative parental practices and the quality of the relationship between child and biological father were the variables with more predictive power about social skills, behavior problems and academic competence of children in family and in school environment. According to the mothers, these variables contributed to explain 48% to 61% of the variance in behavior and academic competence of children in the final model prediction. To the teachers ratings, the values were between 9% and 17%. Globally, the study highlights the importance of the fact that, for mothers and teachers, children from different families had many social skills and dont differ in terms of academic competence. These results indicate that individual resources should function as protective factors.
18
Crepin, Laure. "Les conséquences résidentielles des séparations conjugales : articuler les inégalités de classe et de genre dans la France contemporaine". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022PA080024.
Abstract (sommario):
Depuis le début des années 2000, les prix immobiliers augmentent plus vite que les revenus, en particulier dans les grandes villes françaises. Les temps d’attente pour obtenir un logement social sont de plus en plus longs. Dans ce contexte, l’objet de cette thèse est d’étudier les trajectoires résidentielles des personnes ayant rompu une union cohabitante en France métropolitaine à l’aide de méthodes quantitatives (Enquêtes Logement 2002, 2006 et 2013 (INSEE) ; Statistiques sur les Ressources et les Conditions de Vie (Eurostat) (2004 – 2015) ; « Mon Quartier, Mes Voisins » (INED - CNRS Centre Max Weber, 2018)), et qualitatives (34 entretiens). Nous étudions d’abord ce que le contexte des séparations produit en termes de trajectoires sociales et résidentielles. Les ruptures peuvent participer à des trajectoires de « déclassement au cours du cycle de vie », pour celles et ceux vivant à la fois des déstabilisations professionnelles, familiales et résidentielles. Celles-ci s’articulent à des « trajectoires résidentielles descendantes », massives, en raison du contexte des séparations (déménagement dans l’urgence, baisse des ressources économiques). Nous démontrons ensuite que les ruptures conjugales participent à la croissance des inégalités de logement, inégalités selon la classe et le genre. Les ressources de l'entourage ont tendance à augmenter plutôt qu’à réduire ces inégalités. Au croisement entre sociologie du genre et des classes sociales, sociologie du logement et sociologie de la famille, cette thèse mêlant à parts égales matériaux quantitatifs et qualitatifs contribue à questionner la place du logement dans les dynamiques de la stratification socialeSince the early 2000s, real estate prices have been rising faster than incomes, especially in large French cities. Waiting times for social housing are getting longer and longer. In this context, the purpose of this thesis is to study the residential trajectories of people who have broken up a cohabiting union in metropolitan France using quantitative (Enquête Logement (Housing surveys) 2002, 2006 and 2013 (INSEE); Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (Eurostat) (2004 - 2015); "Mon Quartier, Mes Voisins" (INED - CNRS Centre Max Weber, 2018)), and qualitative methods (34 interviews). We first study what the context of separations produces in terms of social and residential trajectories. Breakups can contribute to "downgrading trajectories during the life cycle" for those who experience professional, family and residential destabilization at the same time. These are linked to massive "downward residential trajectories" due to the context of separations (emergency relocation, decline in economic resources). We then show that marital breakdowns contribute to the growth of housing inequalities, inequalities by class and gender. The resources of the entourage tend to increase rather than reduce these inequalities. At the crossroads between the sociology of gender and social classes, the sociology of housing and the sociology of the family, this thesis, which combines quantitative and qualitative materials in equal measure, contributes to questioning the place of housing in the dynamics of social stratification
19
Villas, Boas Ana Carolina Villares Barral. "Comportamento infantil, separação conjugal e habilidades sociais educativas parentais /". Bauru : [s.l.], 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/97439.
Abstract (sommario):
Orientador: Alessandra Turini Bolsoni-SilvaBanca: Edna Maria Marturano
Banca: Olga Maria Piazentim Rolim Rodrigues
Resumo: A literatura sobre a separação conjugal tem documentado uma série de consequências negativas da separação para o desenvolvimento dos filhos, como a emergência de problemas de comportamento. Porém, as pesquisas também evidenciam que nem todas as crianças são igualmente afetadas pela separação dos pais e que não é a separação em si que pode trazer consequências negativas, mas outras variáveis a ela relacionadas, como as práticas educativas parentais. Pesquisadores sugerem que, quando os pais que têm a guarda da criança são capazes de prover um ambiente de cuidado positivo, podem prevenir o surgimento de problemas de comportamento e favorecer o desenvolvimento de um repertório socialmente habilidoso, sugerindo que muito do que a criança aprende está relacionado às habilidades sociais educativas parentais (HSE-P). Esse estudo teve por objetivo: a) descrever o comportamento de filhos de pais separados em idade pré-escolar quanto à existência de problemas de comportamento e de comportamentos socialmente habilidosos; b) descrever as habilidades sociais educativas parentais e investigar possíveis relações com o comportamento infantil; c) caracterizar o relacionamento da família com o pai da criança, após a separação conjugal. Participaram da pesquisa 43 mães separadas com crianças de ambos os sexos (26 meninos e 17 meninas), na faixa etária entre quatro e seis anos. As mães responderam a um Questionário Sociodemográfico... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Studies about marital separation have documented several negative consequences of separation to child's development, such as behavior problems. However, researchers also have found evidence that not all children are affected by parental separation, and that it's not the separation itself that produces deleterious effects, but others variables as parental practices. Researchers suggest that when a custodial parent can provide a positive parenting environment they can prevent behavior problems and contribute to the development of social skills, linking child's behavior to parental social educational skills (HSE-P). The present study aimed to describe preschool children's behavior problems and social skills after theirs parents' separation, maternal HSE-P and its relations to child's behavior, and characterize nonresident fathers' relationship with the family. The sample includec 43 separated mothers and their preschool children aged 4-6. Mothers answered a Social-Demographic Questionnaire, an interview about the HSE-P, and about the relationship with the Ex-Partner, Rutter's ECI A2 and a Social Skills Responses Questionnaire. Results demonstrated that most children presented evidence of behavior problems but also of social skills. Mothers reported the frequent use of coercion to express negative feelings, promote consequences for undesirable behaviors and establish rules to their children, which in turn reacted presenting mostly behaviors problems. Despite coercive interactions, mothers and children also engaged in... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre
20
Carreon, Isaac. "Attachment, Acculturative Stress, Social Supports, Separation, and Marital Distress in Mexican and Central American Adult Immigrants Separated from Primary Caregivers as Children". ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3025.
Abstract (sommario):
Latinas/os are reported to be the fastest growing ethnic minority in the United States, with a large percentage being newly arrived immigrants. Previous research has found that many migrate in phases, with the father leaving the family behind or both parents migrating and leaving children in the care of family members. Separations from parental figures have been found to lead to psychosocial, psychological, and educational problems. Additional challenges of immigrants include acculturative stress, lack of social support, attachment problems, poverty, discrimination, unemployment, and marital distress. The purpose of this study was to inquire if immigrant variables (attachment, acculturative stress, and social supports) in Mexican and Central American immigrants who were separated from their primary caregivers as children predict marital distress. A total of 92 participants completed either the online questionnaire via Survey Monkey or paper surveys in person. A quantitative methodology, correlational multiple regression model was used in order to investigate the research questions and hypotheses. The results from the current study showed a statistically significant finding that the attachment style and acculturative stress in Mexican and Central American immigrants predicted marital distress. However, there was no statistically significant finding that social support predicted marital distress. Findings from this study can promote a deeper understanding to marriage counselors regarding attachment, social support, acculturative stress, and separation factors that can affect immigrant couples. It may also have implications for immigration policy and promote the establishment of reunification programs in communities where immigrant populations reside.
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Fritsch, Caroline de Abreu Prola. "A criança e as relações parentais no contexto da separação conjugal: um estudo de caso". Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2016. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/12344.
Abstract (sommario):
This present study aimed to investigate the comprehension and the fantasies of children
related to the marital separation from their parents, contextualizing them with the established
parental relationship. Therefore, a qualitative exploratory study was taken, the research was
done by a study of multiple cases with three families having children of six years old, and
whose parents have been divorced for not longer than two years, at the moment of this
research. In order to collect the data with the children, the following projective tests were
used: Fables Test – pictorial version and the procedure of Family Cartoons with Stories. The
parents were individually interviewed for a Sociodemographic Data Interview and Interview
about Marital Separation and Children. The main reference while examining the data was the
content analysis. Based on the data received, it was possible to perceive differences on the
perception of the children towards the meaning that parental relationships took on the postdivorce
context. Two participants stated that parents were destined a position characterized by
affection, whilst three of them said the mother had a conflictive position. In such way, on this
study, on the eyes of the child the mother figure was understood by the children as source of
safety, replacing the care. Related to the fantasies of the children on their parents post-divorce
scenario, the fantasy of aggression dislocated to the environment prevailed and the fantasy of
family aggression as well. There could be also pointed the fantasies of abandonment and
death, showing the impact of the children in relation to the marital separation. It could be
comprehended that the possible consequences for the children who had its parents separated
are shown through emotional disorder, yet, the quality of the affection among the parents
figure and the children acts as a mediator when great changes are faced, in the case of a
separation, characterizing the emotional disorder of the children as temporary or expected to
the moment of crisis the family experienced. In this way, it is emphasized the need of
listening to the children on the marital separation process, enabling a space for distress,
doubts and fantasies to be freely expressed. Even though there is connection, affection, and
concern from the parents the marital separation occurrence can make the children feel fear
and anxiety, since they are found in a situation passive over happenings prior to the decision
of separation.O presente estudo objetivou investigar a compreensão e as fantasias das crianças acerca da separação conjugal de seus pais, contextualizando-as nas relações parentais estabelecidas. Para tanto, realizou-se um estudo exploratório qualitativo composto por um estudo de casos múltiplos com três famílias de crianças com seis anos, cujos pais estavam separados conjugalmente há no máximo dois anos, no momento da pesquisa. Para o levantamento de dados com as crianças, foram utilizados os seguintes instrumentos projetivos: Teste das Fábulas – versão pictórica e o procedimento de Desenhos de Família com Estórias. Os pais foram acessados individualmente para uma Entrevista de Dados Sociodemográficos e uma Entrevista sobre a Separação Conjugal e os Filhos. A referência central na análise dos dados foi a análise de conteúdo. Com base nos dados, foi possível perceber diferenças na percepção das crianças a respeito dos significados que as relações parentais assumiram no contexto do pós-divórcio. Para dois dos participantes, aos pais foi destinada uma posição caracterizada pela afetividade, ao passo que para três deles a figura das mães ocupava uma posição de conflito. De modo singular, neste estudo, para uma criança a figura materna foi compreendida pelos filhos como continente, ocupando o lugar do cuidado. Com relação às fantasias das crianças no contexto pós-divórcio de seus pais, foram predominantes a fantasia de agressão deslocada para o ambiente e a fantasia de agregação familiar. Foram presentes também as fantasias de abandono e de morte, sinalizando o impacto da separação conjugal para os filhos. Entende-se que as possíveis repercussões para a criança da separação dos pais podem se manifestar através de desorganizações emocionais, no entanto a qualidade do apego entre as figuras parentais e as crianças atua como mediadora no momento de grandes mudanças, que se constitui a separação, caracterizando a desorganização emocional da criança como transitória ou esperada para o momento de crise que a família vivenciou. Desta forma, ressalta-se a necessidade de realizar uma escuta da criança no processo de separação dos pais, viabilizando um espaço para vazão de angústias, dúvidas e fantasias. Uma vez que mesmo com o envolvimento, afeto e preocupação dos pais o evento da separação conjugal pode gerar medo e ansiedade na criança, pois ela se encontra em uma posição passiva sobre os eventos posteriores à decisão de separação.
22
Trotter, Lesley Jane. "19th century emigration from Cornwall as experienced by the wives 'left behind'". Thesis, University of Exeter, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/18338.
Abstract (sommario):
The 19th century is recognised as a period of mass emigration from Cornwall, with a significant proportion of the male population leaving to work overseas, mainly in the mining industry. Less appreciated is that many of these migrants were married men who left wives and children behind in Cornwall. This study seeks to shed some light on the experiences of these women, known as 'married widows'. It adopts a multi-faceted approach, which draws upon crowd-sourcing and digital resources, in combination with more traditional methodologies. Scattered and fragmentary qualitative evidence (drawn from correspondence, newspapers, remittance and poor law records, supplemented by personal testimony recorded in family histories) is examined within a quantitative framework produced by an innovative database created from census records and a longitudinal study of outcomes. This thesis describes how tens of thousands of wives were 'left behind' in the mining communities of Cornwall, and the wide range of resources they drew upon in the absence of their husbands. It examines the interaction between the wives and the State in the form of the Poor Law and the Courts, identifying a pragmatic response to the needs of the emerging transnational nuclear family. Male migration from Cornwall is revealed to vary widely in type, intent and duration, leading to great diversity of experiences and outcomes for the wives 'left behind'. The establishment of temporary male labour emigration from the Cornish mining communities is shown to have occurred earlier than in many other emigration centres, creating greater potential for cultural acclimatisation to the challenges of spousal separation. The findings of this study challenge existing, generalised, perceptions of the wives as passive victims in the Cornish emigration story. Levels of destitution or desertion appear low compared to the scale of the phenomenon, and wives are shown as active participants and influential voices in family strategies. Nonetheless, this study highlights the vulnerability and greater risks faced by the wives 'left behind', and identifies financial and emotional insecurity as common elements of their experience. This thesis demonstrates a methodology and reveals insights that might be applied to the study of wives 'left behind' in other parts of the British Isles, and a comparator for existing studies of those elsewhere in the world.
23
Parisi, Silvana. "Separação amorosa e individuação feminina: uma abordagem em grupo de mulheres no enfoque da psicologia analítica". Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/47/47131/tde-09122009-152719/.
Abstract (sommario):
O presente trabalho teve como objetivo a compreensão da separação amorosa vivenciada pela mulher de meia idade relacionada ao processo de individuação através de um trabalho realizado em grupo vivencial sob o enfoque da Psicologia Analítica. O método utilizado na pesquisa foi qualitativo sob a perspectiva simbólico arquetípica. Foram realizados oito encontros de grupo com sete participantes na faixa etária de quarenta a cinqüenta e cinco anos que estavam vivenciando uma separação amorosa. No grupo foram utilizados recursos expressivos, contos e mitos para favorecer a elaboração simbólica. A partir do material coletado observou-se uma grande diversidade de experiências em relação à perda como sentimentos de tristeza, solidão, desamparo, raiva, desejos de vingança, sensação de vazio e desorganização. Um tema comum manifestado pelas participantes foi a sensação de perda de identidade no relacionamento anterior ou em decorrência da separação. Identificou-se que esta perda estava associada a conteúdos inconscientes projetados no parceiro e na conjugalidade que ainda não haviam sido reintegrados à consciência. Verificou-se que em alguns casos a identidade estava alicerçada no vínculo simbiótico mantido com o parceiro. Reconhecer a raiva que estava na sombra do relacionamento, recolher as projeções depositadas no parceiro e ter que enfrentar a solidão se revelaram como oportunidades de diferenciação necessárias ao processo de individuação. Na compreensão dos dados, foi utilizado o referencial de mitos e contos para estabelecer algumas amplificações e analogias. Alguns padrões arquetípicos femininos mostraram estar ativados ou negligenciados na psique das participantes: a traição acionou uma Hera raivosa e vingativa em algumas mulheres, enquanto Afrodite parecia abandonada pelo desinteresse manifestado por algumas participantes para novos relacionamentos. Por outro lado a separação constelou arquétipos de deusas mais independentes em algumas mulheres que investem em trabalho e estudos. Observou-se que a temática da descida ao mundo inferior expressa nos mitos de Inana e de Core-Perséfone era constelada na vivência depressiva de algumas participantes, uma experiência necessária à elaboração do luto e ao enraizamento no Self feminino simbolizado pelo encontro com a deusa escura reprimida na cultura patriarcal. O grupo vivencial se mostrou eficaz para favorecer a elaboração do luto pela perda amorosa através da criação de um espaço ritual, permitindo a constelação de uma nova coniunctio. Os recursos expressivos e os contos e mitos utilizados facilitaram a expressão simbólica das participantes e mobilizaram as forças curativas da psique para iniciar a cicatrização das feridas ocasionadas pela perda. Constatou-se no grupo uma apropriação da própria trajetória de vida possibilitando assumir a responsabilidade pelo processo de individuação. São sugeridos novos estudos e o desenvolvimento de trabalhos em grupos vivenciais de mulheres e também de homens para lidar com a separação amorosa em consultórios e instituições de saúde, visando contribuir para a área de relações de gênero.This thesis sought to understand the separation from a love relationship as experienced by middle-aged women related to the individuation process through experiential group work in the focus of Analytical Psychology. The method used in the research was qualitative, under a symbolic archetypal perspective. Eight group meetings were held with seven participants aged from forty to fifty-five who were undergoing separation from love relationships. Expressive resources, tales and myths were used in the group in order to favor the symbolic development. The material gathered showed a large diversity of experiences in relation to the loss, such as feelings of sadness, solitude, distress, anger, wishes of revenge, a feeling of emptiness and derangement. A common matter expressed by the participants was the feeling of loss of identity in the past relationship or as a result of the separation. It was identified that this loss was associated to unconscious contents projected in the partner and in the conjugality that had not yet rejoined their consciousness. It was verified that, in some cases, the identity was grounded on the symbiotic relationship had with the partner. To recognize the anger that was in the shadows of the relationship, to bring in the projections deposited in the partner and have to face solitude revealed to be opportunities of differentiation that are necessary for the individuation process. The referential of myths and tales was used in the understanding of the data, in order to establish some expansions and analogies. Some feminine archetypal standards were shown to be activated or neglected in the psyche of the participants: betrayal turned some women into an angry and vengeful Hera, while Aphrodite looked abandoned by the lack of interest for new relationships expressed by some participants. On the other hand, the separation constellated archetypes of more independent goddesses in some women who invest on their career and education. It was noted that the thematic of the descent to the underworld expressed in the myths of Inanna and Core-Persephone was constellated on the depressive life experience of some participants, a necessary experience for the elaboration of mourning and rooting into their feminine Self, symbolized by the meeting with the dark goddess repressed in the patriarchal culture. The experiential group was shown to be efficient to favor the elaboration of mourning for the loss of their love mate through the creation of a ritual space, allowing the constellation of a new coniunctio. The expressive resources and tales and myths used facilitated the symbolic expression and mobilized the healing forces of the psyche to start the healing of the wounds caused by the loss. The group demonstrated an appropriation of their own trajectories of life, allowing them to take responsibility for the individuation process. New studies are suggested, as well as the development of experiential group work with women and man to handle the separation from love relationships in clinical settings and health institutions, seeking to contribute to the gender relationship area.
24
Villas, Boas Ana Carolina Villares Barral [UNESP]. "Comportamento infantil, separação conjugal e habilidades sociais educativas parentais". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/97439.
Abstract (sommario):
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villasboas_acvb_me_bauru.pdf: 822801 bytes, checksum: c79624f141a26f19b066bd58b935e96d (MD5)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
A literatura sobre a separação conjugal tem documentado uma série de consequências negativas da separação para o desenvolvimento dos filhos, como a emergência de problemas de comportamento. Porém, as pesquisas também evidenciam que nem todas as crianças são igualmente afetadas pela separação dos pais e que não é a separação em si que pode trazer consequências negativas, mas outras variáveis a ela relacionadas, como as práticas educativas parentais. Pesquisadores sugerem que, quando os pais que têm a guarda da criança são capazes de prover um ambiente de cuidado positivo, podem prevenir o surgimento de problemas de comportamento e favorecer o desenvolvimento de um repertório socialmente habilidoso, sugerindo que muito do que a criança aprende está relacionado às habilidades sociais educativas parentais (HSE-P). Esse estudo teve por objetivo: a) descrever o comportamento de filhos de pais separados em idade pré-escolar quanto à existência de problemas de comportamento e de comportamentos socialmente habilidosos; b) descrever as habilidades sociais educativas parentais e investigar possíveis relações com o comportamento infantil; c) caracterizar o relacionamento da família com o pai da criança, após a separação conjugal. Participaram da pesquisa 43 mães separadas com crianças de ambos os sexos (26 meninos e 17 meninas), na faixa etária entre quatro e seis anos. As mães responderam a um Questionário Sociodemográfico...
Studies about marital separation have documented several negative consequences of separation to child's development, such as behavior problems. However, researchers also have found evidence that not all children are affected by parental separation, and that it's not the separation itself that produces deleterious effects, but others variables as parental practices. Researchers suggest that when a custodial parent can provide a positive parenting environment they can prevent behavior problems and contribute to the development of social skills, linking child's behavior to parental social educational skills (HSE-P). The present study aimed to describe preschool children's behavior problems and social skills after theirs parents' separation, maternal HSE-P and its relations to child's behavior, and characterize nonresident fathers' relationship with the family. The sample includec 43 separated mothers and their preschool children aged 4-6. Mothers answered a Social-Demographic Questionnaire, an interview about the HSE-P, and about the relationship with the Ex-Partner, Rutter's ECI A2 and a Social Skills Responses Questionnaire. Results demonstrated that most children presented evidence of behavior problems but also of social skills. Mothers reported the frequent use of coercion to express negative feelings, promote consequences for undesirable behaviors and establish rules to their children, which in turn reacted presenting mostly behaviors problems. Despite coercive interactions, mothers and children also engaged in... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
25
Porreca, Wladimir. ""Famílias recompostas: casais católicos em segunda união"". Universidade de São Paulo, 2004. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/59/59137/tde-25012005-150705/.
Abstract (sommario):
RESUMO PORRECA, W. Famílias Recompostas: Casais Católicos em Segunda União. 2004. 124f. Dissertação de Mestrado Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto (FFCLRP)/ Universidade de São Paulo (USP), 2004. A instituição familiar está passando por mudanças diversas, dentre as quais se inclui o aumento de separações e divórcios e a redução de casamentos legais e religiosos. Diante dessas transformações a Igreja Católica, que defende a indissolubilidade do matrimônio, junto com casais em segunda união procura apoiar a constituição da Pastoral de Casais em Segunda União. Este trabalho tem como objetivo examinar a organização familiar de casais católicos vivendo em segunda união e que participam da Pastoral, para investigar como se deu a primeira união, as causas que levaram a sua ruptura e a uma nova união e as motivações desses casais em continuarem a integrar a comunidade católica. Os participantes da pesquisa são dez casais católicos em segunda união, na faixa etária entre 30 e 50 anos, residentes nas cidades de Aguaí, Mococa, Mogi Guaçu, São João da Boa Vista e São José do Rio Pardo, no estado de São Paulo, todas sob jurisdição religiosa da Diocese de São João da Boa Vista. A coleta de dados foi feita através de entrevistas gravadas separadamente com cada um dos integrantes dos casais, transcritas na íntegra e orientadas por um roteiro semi-estruturado. A análise dos dados indica que os principais motivos da separação estão associados ao alcoolismo, à infidelidade conjugal e ao desgaste da dimensão amorosa. O que mais gera preocupação nos sujeitos ao se separarem são as possíveis conseqüências que os filhos poderão sofrer. A segunda união é contraída com a expectativa de formar uma nova família, ter um(a) companheiro(a) e um relacionamento estável. No entanto, lamentam as privações impostas pela Igreja aos casais em segunda união, principalmente o fato de não poderem receber a comunhão sacramental. A participação na Pastoral de Casais em Segunda União favorece a integração e convivência social e religiosa dos casais na Igreja e fora dela e ainda possibilita a superação do sentimento de discriminação que sentiam. A Pastoral possibilita ainda maior conscientização da hierarquia e dos membros dessa instituição sobre o significado do acolhimento e dos direitos desses casais.ABSTRACT PORRECA, W. Step Families: Catholic Couples on Second Union, 2004. 124f. Masters Degree Dissertation Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto (FFCLRP)/Universidade de São Paulo (USP), 2004. The familial institution has been going through several changes, including the increase of separations and divorces, and the reduction in the number of legal and religious matrimonies. Facing these transformations the Catholic Church, which defends the indissolubility of matrimony, along with couples that live on a second marital union intends to support the creation of the Pastoral Institution for Couples on Second Marital Union. The present work aims to analyze the familial organization of Catholic couples living a second union and taking part in the Pastoral Institution, to investigate the way through which union occurred, the marital separation, the second marital union and these couples´ motivations to continue being part of the Catholic community. The participants of the research were ten Catholic couples, in which partners live on a second union, with an age range between 30 and 50 years old, living in the cities of Aguaí, Mococa, Mogi Guaçu, São João da Boa Vista e São José do Rio Pardo, in the state of São Paulo, all of which under the religious jurisdiction of the Diocese of São João da Boa Vista. The data gathering was done through interviews that were recorded separately with each of the partners of the couple, transcribed in their entirety and guided by a script. The analysis of the data indicates that the main reasons for couple separation are connected to alcoholism, marital infidelity and the weariness of the affection dimension. The fact that most worries people who are about to be separate are the possible consequences that their children might suffer. The intention of the second marital union is based on the expectancy of constituting a new family, for companion and for a solid relationship. However, they feel sorry for the privations that are imposed by the Church to the couples who live on a second marital union, especially the fact that they cannot receive the Holy Communion. Taking part in the Pastoral Institution for Couples on Second Marital Union favors the interaction and social and religious conviviality of the couples in the Church and out of it and also allows them to overcome the discrimination they used to feel. The Pastoral Institution also allows the members of the Catholic church to have greater awareness about the meaning of welcoming these couples and also about their rights.
26
Rezende, Joyce Cristina de Oliveira. "Da judicialização à psicologização dos conflitos: a presença da Psicologia na mediação de conflitos familiares". Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/47/47134/tde-12082015-151732/.
Abstract (sommario):
A vida em sociedade, sobretudo a vida em família, é fonte de conflitos interpessoais, que surgem muitas vezes por dificuldades de comunicação entre as pessoas. Para resolver seus conflitos, e frente às suas dificuldades de comunicação, é bastante comum as pessoas delegarem a decisão sobre as suas vidas a uma terceira pessoa, que institucionalmente em nossa sociedade é o juiz de Direito, acarretando assim a judicialização dos conflitos. A mediação é um método que tem como principal objetivo restaurar e fortalecer a boa comunicação entre as partes em litígio e, para tanto, utiliza-se do princípio da autonomia da vontade dos mediados, para que esses, por meio do diálogo, busquem conjuntamente a resolução para seus conflitos, evitando delegá-los a uma terceira pessoa. O mediador é um terceiro imparcial que auxilia as pessoas a se comunicarem, sem decidir ou oferecer soluções para o conflito. Ao se restaurar uma boa comunicação, espera-se que o acordo passe a ser a consequência lógica do diálogo, o que é muito importante para a área jurídica, pois pode significar um processo a menos no Judiciário. É importante frisar que a mediação não se confunde com terapia, embora dela possam surgir efeitos terapêuticos. Os objetivos da presente pesquisa foram analisar quais conceitos da Psicologia em geral, e da Psicanálise em particular, podem ser úteis no trabalho de mediação, bem como aprofundar a discussão sobre diferenças e semelhanças entre terapia e mediação. Com o intuito de se alcançar os objetivos propostos, foram entrevistados três mediadores reconhecidos na área, por meio de entrevistas semidirigidas, e observadas três reuniões de mediação, duas com as mesmas partes em conflito. Os resultados foram analisados com base na hermenêutica psicanalítica. Como contribuições da Psicanálise, pode-se destacar a possibilidade do uso da contratransferência por parte do mediador, para ampliar a compreensão do conflito entre as partes; a importância da escuta; o princípio de que tão importante quanto o que se diz é o que motiva a dizer; a compulsão à repetição; o fato de o sintoma dos filhos poder estar ligado ao conflito dos pais. Um resultado não previsto, e que merece particular atenção, é a presença de certa psicologização dos conflitos na mediação, reduzindo-se as características do litígio ao âmbito psicológico, bem como o perigo de os mediadores agirem como normalizadores, ao focarem e dirigirem a conversa para o que julgam que precisa ser acordado e como deve ser a repartição das responsabilidades pelo casal em relação aos seus filhos. Entende-se que esse papel cabe ao juiz de Direito, que tem esse poder, e não aos mediadoresLife in society, especially family life, is a source of interpersonal conflicts that often arise due to difficulty in communication between people. To resolve conflicts, and facing difficulty in communication, it is quite common for people to delegate the decisions about their lives to a third person, which institutionally in our society is the court judge, thus leading to the judicialization of conflicts. Mediation is a method which aims to restore and strengthen good communication between the parties in dispute and, therefore, uses the principle of autonomy of will on the mediated so that they, through dialogue, can jointly seek the resolution to their conflicts, to avoid delegating them to a third party. The mediator is an impartial third party who helps people communicate without deciding or offering solutions to the conflict. By restoring good communication, it is expected that an agreement becomes the logical consequence of the dialogue, which is very important for the legal department, since it can mean one process less in the Judiciary. It is important to stress that mediation should not be confused with therapy, although therapeutic effects may arise from it. The objectives of this study were to analyze which concepts from Psychology in general, and Psychoanalysis in particular, might be useful in mediation work, as well to deepen the discussion about the differences and similarities between therapy and mediation. In order to achieve the proposed objectives, three mediators recognized in the field were interviewed in semi-structured interviews, and three mediation meetings were observed, two with the same parties in conflict. The results were analyzed based on psychoanalytic hermeneutics. As contributions from Psychoanalysis, it can be highlighted the possible use of countertransference on the part of the mediator to broaden the understanding of the conflict between the parties; the importance of listening; the principle that as important as what is said is what motivates the saying; the compulsion for repetition; the fact that the symptom of the children can be linked to the parental conflict. An unforeseen result, and which deserves particular attention, is the presence of some psychologizing of conflicts in mediation, reducing the characteristics of the dispute to the psychological level, as well as the risk of the mediators acting as normalizers, by focusing and directing the conversation to what they think to be a necessary agreement and to how responsibilities should be divided by the couple in relation to their children. It is understood that this role belongs to the court judge, who has that power, and not to the mediators
27
Richard, Stéphanie. "Vies et morts des couples. Les séparations conjugales princières (Deuxième Maison d’Orléans, XIVe-XVe siècles)". Thesis, Paris 4, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA040164.
Abstract (sommario):
Cette thèse de doctorat étudie la séparation des époux princiers sous ses différentes formes, ainsi que les pratiques mises en oeuvre par les conjoints de la haute noblesse en de telles occasions. L’expression séparation conjugale permet de désigner des cas de figure divers : suspensions plus ou moins durables de la cohabitation entre mari et femme, ou désunions définitives, ces situations étant judiciairement sanctionnées ou non. La recherche s’appuie sur l’observatoire privilégié que constituent les couples mariés de la deuxième Maison d’Orléans aux XIVe-XVe siècles, car les vies maritales de ces ducs et duchesses permettent d’envisager un échantillon très diversifié de situations. Cette analyse permet de montrer que mariage et vie de couple renvoient à des réalités complexes, bien plus diverses que ce que suggèrent les prescriptions de l’Église et des laïcs sur le lien matrimonial et la vie conjugale. L’objectif de ce travail est également d’améliorer notre compréhension de la structure mari-femme et du fonctionnement des couples dans l’aristocratie princière. L’étude éclaire par conséquent les solidarités à l’œuvre entre les époux, lorsque ceux-ci se retrouvent séparés sans que cette situation ait été provoquée par leur volonté de ne plus se côtoyer. Elle montre que le couple se définit avant tout par des liens économiques entre mari et femme. La thèse permet aussi, en retour, de souligner les marges d’action dont peuvent disposer les conjoints, l’un par rapport à l’autre et dans la société, lorsqu’au moins l’un des époux entend mettre fin à la vie commune ou au mariageThis PhD thesis deals with the topic of marital separation in its various forms; it aims at analyzing the behaviors which are implemented by spouses of higher nobility on such occasions. The phrase marital separation may be used to designate a wide range of configurations: for example, when husband and wife, though still married, are not living together, or when a marriage comes to an end, all these situations being reached through a legal process or not. This research is especially based on a thorough analysis examining the couples of the Second House of Orleans in the 14th and 15th centuries, as the marital lives of these Dukes and Duchesses provide a large sample of possible cases of separation. The research shows that the realities associated with marriage and married life are much more complex than what ecclesiastical and secular rules suggest on these matters. Another purpose of this thesis is to improve our understanding of the conjugal structure in princely aristocracy and of how married couples work. Therefore, the study sheds light on the solidarities shared by spouses when their separation does not derive from their own will to part. It shows that married couples are primarily defined by economic bonds between husband and wife. This work also highlights the possible autonomy enjoyed by spouses, in society and towards each other, in the cases where at least one of them intends to adjourn cohabitation or wants to put an end to their marriage
28
Richard, Stéphanie. "Vies et morts des couples. Les séparations conjugales princières (Deuxième Maison d’Orléans, XIVe-XVe siècles)". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 4, 2016. http://ezproxy.normandie-univ.fr/login?url=https://www.classiques-garnier.com/numerique-bases/garnier?filename=SrdMS01.
Abstract (sommario):
Cette thèse de doctorat étudie la séparation des époux princiers sous ses différentes formes, ainsi que les pratiques mises en oeuvre par les conjoints de la haute noblesse en de telles occasions. L’expression séparation conjugale permet de désigner des cas de figure divers : suspensions plus ou moins durables de la cohabitation entre mari et femme, ou désunions définitives, ces situations étant judiciairement sanctionnées ou non. La recherche s’appuie sur l’observatoire privilégié que constituent les couples mariés de la deuxième Maison d’Orléans aux XIVe-XVe siècles, car les vies maritales de ces ducs et duchesses permettent d’envisager un échantillon très diversifié de situations. Cette analyse permet de montrer que mariage et vie de couple renvoient à des réalités complexes, bien plus diverses que ce que suggèrent les prescriptions de l’Église et des laïcs sur le lien matrimonial et la vie conjugale. L’objectif de ce travail est également d’améliorer notre compréhension de la structure mari-femme et du fonctionnement des couples dans l’aristocratie princière. L’étude éclaire par conséquent les solidarités à l’œuvre entre les époux, lorsque ceux-ci se retrouvent séparés sans que cette situation ait été provoquée par leur volonté de ne plus se côtoyer. Elle montre que le couple se définit avant tout par des liens économiques entre mari et femme. La thèse permet aussi, en retour, de souligner les marges d’action dont peuvent disposer les conjoints, l’un par rapport à l’autre et dans la société, lorsqu’au moins l’un des époux entend mettre fin à la vie commune ou au mariageThis PhD thesis deals with the topic of marital separation in its various forms; it aims at analyzing the behaviors which are implemented by spouses of higher nobility on such occasions. The phrase marital separation may be used to designate a wide range of configurations: for example, when husband and wife, though still married, are not living together, or when a marriage comes to an end, all these situations being reached through a legal process or not. This research is especially based on a thorough analysis examining the couples of the Second House of Orleans in the 14th and 15th centuries, as the marital lives of these Dukes and Duchesses provide a large sample of possible cases of separation. The research shows that the realities associated with marriage and married life are much more complex than what ecclesiastical and secular rules suggest on these matters. Another purpose of this thesis is to improve our understanding of the conjugal structure in princely aristocracy and of how married couples work. Therefore, the study sheds light on the solidarities shared by spouses when their separation does not derive from their own will to part. It shows that married couples are primarily defined by economic bonds between husband and wife. This work also highlights the possible autonomy enjoyed by spouses, in society and towards each other, in the cases where at least one of them intends to adjourn cohabitation or wants to put an end to their marriage
29
HSU, Chiou-Iang, e 徐秋央. "The Relationships among Family-of-Origin Experiences, Separation-Individuation, and Marital Satisfaction". Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/72956279311754780895.
Abstract (sommario):
碩士國立臺灣師範大學
教育心理與輔導研究所
89
The theoretical framework for this study lies mainly within the mode established by object-relations theorist Margaret S. Mahler. The sample consisted of 433 married teachers and their spouses with mean age of 38.98 years. Instruments included the Chinese Family-of-Origin Scale, the Chinese Separation-Individuation Scale, and the Chinese Marital Satisfaction Scale. Data were analyzed by t-test, canonical correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis. Results were as follows: 1. Adult females had a significantly higher score in Engulfment Anxiety than adult males. 2. When the perceived family-of-origin experiences were high Intimacy and moderate Dependence, separation-individuation tended to be more Rejection Expectancy, more Dependency Denial, and more Engulfment Anxiety. 3. When the perceived family-of-origin experiences were high Autonomy and low Intimacy, separation-individuation tended to be more Practicing Mirroring, and more Authority Enmeshment. 4. The order of the importance in family-of-origin experiences and separation-individuation that could be used to explain marital satisfaction was Intimacy, Autonomy, and Practicing Mirroring. Based on these findings, implications for practice and further research were addressed as well.
30
Dong-Yann, Wu, e 吳東彥. "The development of separation-individuation of adolescents who exposed to marital violence". Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/69952979223995262301.
Abstract (sommario):
碩士國立東華大學
諮商與臨床心理學系
99
This study aimed to explore the family structure that adolescents perceived in marital violence family, and to explore the essential themes of the separation-individuation of the participants. A phenomenology research method was adopted to analyze the interview texts with 9 participants, adhering to Moustakas’s analysis procedure of epoch, phenomenological reduction and imaginative variation and synthesis (Moustakas, 1994). The results of the family structure were: (a) oscillate between leave and back: the ambivalent feelings; (b)emotional privacy; (c) seeking for the balance between the strong and the weak side; (d) role displacement; (e) hidden truth; (f) functional emotion inhibition; (g)withdraw from triangulation; (h) projective concern. Overall, the participants paid a great deal of attention and were deeply involved at the expense of ignoring their own needs. While experiencing heavy psychological burdens pushed them away from home, an emotional tie and caring responsibility pulled them back intermittently. Witnessing violence between parents were extremely painful. In order to avoid from repeating a failure, the participants developed characters and behavior different from their parents. They also tended to support the weak side and resist to identify with the abuser’s gender role. Besides, contradictory interpersonal relationships and others prevailed for the participants. Despite their early independency, they still had thirst for relying and intimacy with others, yet they could keep it shallow attributed to the lack of trust on others. In conclusion, the participants exhibited the following separation-individuation development patterns: (a) reversing behaviors; (b) behavioral canalization and fixation; (c) supporting the weak side; (d) shallow relationship; (e)elastic characteristic; (f) independence foreclosure; (g) resistance to identifying with the abuser’s gender roles. Finally, some suggestions were provided according to the result of the research.
31
Mhlawuli, Nokwanda. "The experiences of Xhosa adolescent males regarding the marital separation of their parents". Diss., 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/57204.
Abstract (sommario):
Marital breakdown shows an increase in societies across the world. An increase in the divorce rate is also evident in recent statistics in South Africa. However, in many instances a marriage does not end in a legal divorce, but rather in marital separation. Marital separation is usually regarded as a temporary separation by the couple, with the intent to decide whether to continue with the marriage or not. In many cases marital separation turns into a permanent separation of the couple, where the father usually leaves the family home while the children remain in the care of the mother. As marital separation does not involve a legal process, parents often make informal arrangements for the care of the children. In the Xhosa community the father is regarded as the carrier of the family lineage and thus plays an important role in the life of the male child. The researcher was interested in how Xhosa adolescent males who remained in the care of their mothers, experienced the marital separation of their parents.
The goal of the study was to explore and describe the experiences of Xhosa adolescent males regarding the marital separation of their parents. A qualitative research approach and a phenomenological research design was followed to obtain the personal views of the participants. Semi-structured interviews with the use of an interview schedule was used to collect data from 12 Xhosa male participants. The participants were selected by means of purposive sampling, based on certain sampling criteria. The findings of the study indicate that most of the participants parents did not inform them of their marital separation, while the topic was also not discussed over the longer term. The marital separation of their parents had an influence on various aspects of the participants lives. In the context of this study, the effect of the marital separation on cultural norms and practices, was a prominent theme in the findings.
It is recommended that social workers should be sensitive to the effects of parental separation on the holistic developmental needs of children, including the effects on cultural practices in certain communities, such as the Xhosa community in the case of this study. The researcher further recommends that more extensive studies on marital separation be conducted, including studies with larger sample sizes, with children of different age groups, and in diverse cultural contexts.Mini Dissertation (MSW)--University of Pretoria, 2016.
tm2016
Social Work and Criminology
MSW
Unrestricted
32
Lai, Wei-Ru, e 賴薇如. "The influences of perceiving marital conflicts toward separation-individuation among college students: compliance as a mediator". Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/f4z3fb.
Abstract (sommario):
碩士國立東華大學
諮商與臨床心理學系
103
The purpose of this study was to explore the relations among Asian college students’ perception of parental marital relationships, compliance of the adolescents to their parents, as well as separation-individuation issues. The final purpose was to explore the effect of mediation with compliance as a mediator between marital conflict and separation－individuation issues. Participants were 339 college students in Taiwan. The instruments included “The Children Perceived Interparental Conflict Scale,” “Individuation Inventory,” and “The Compliance Scale.” The research data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics, the T test, the Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation, and the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The results were summarized as follows： （1） The study showed that male students ranked higher than female students in the following variables：“separation-individuation,” “functional independence,” “ attitudinal independence,” “ emotional independence,” “ self-other differentiation,” “ perceiving marital conflicts,” and “ conflict content”, but female students ranked higher than male students in “committed compliance” variable. （2） The study showed that there were some significant correlations in perceiving marital conflict relationships, regarding separation – individuation issues. There are two kind of compliance：committed compliance and situational compliance. （3） The study showed that there were some higher mediation effects of committed compliance between marital conflict and separation－individuation issues, but low mediation effects of committed compliance between marital conflict and the variables “conflictual independence,” and “self-other differentiation.” In addition, the implications of these results were discussed from the multicultural counseling approach for Eastern and Western counselors, the Asian school educators, Asian parents, and the Asian indigenous psychological research.
33
Liao, Ming-ju, e 廖敏如. "The relationships among separation-individuation, marital beliefs, interpersonal efficacy, conflict-coping and mental health of couples". Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/u7332c.
Abstract (sommario):
碩士國立臺灣師範大學
教育心理與輔導學系在職進修碩士班
97
The relationships among separation-individuation, marital beliefs, interpersonal efficacy, conflict-coping and mental health of couples Ming-ju Liao Abstract The present study was to explore the relationships among separation-individuation, marital beliefs, interpersonal efficacy, conflict-coping and mental health of couples. And to test: (1)the differences between couples in those of variables, (2)under the difference degree of separation-individuation disposition tests the couples differences in marital beliefs, interpersonal efficacy, conflict-coping of couples and their mental health, (3) the predictability of separation-individuation, marital beliefs and interpersonal efficacy on each of the conflict-coping patterns of couples or their mental health, (4)whether the interpersonal efficacy plays the moderating role between the separation-individuation and marital beliefs or between the marital beliefs and conflict-coping patterns in couples. The participants of this research were 232 married pairs couples ( 464 people) who live in the north Taiwan including Keelong County, Taipei City, and Taipei County. The five questionnaires were performed which are the Separation-Individuation Test, Marital Coping Inventory, Interpersonal efficacy Test, the Marital Coping Inventory, and the Chinese Health Questionnaire. This data furthermore were analyzed through the method of Pearson product-moment correlation, canonical correlation analysis, one-way /two way MANOVA and hierarchical multiple regression analysis. The major findings of the study were as follows: There was significant difference between wife and husband on separation-individuation including husband was more self centeredness disposition than wife, and on conflict-coping strategies including wife used more conflict, introspective self-blame and seeking social support than husband. There was significant difference of husband who with low separation-individuation disposition has more believed marriage can help personal growth than high ones. Separation-Individuation, growth beliefs, interpersonal-efficacy can significantly predict couples’ conflict coping patterns. Separation-individuation, growth beliefs, interpersonal-efficacy and conflict coping also can significantly predict individual’s mental health. For couples their perceived interpersonal efficacy played a moderator variable between separation-individuation and marital beliefs, meanwhile also moderating between marital beliefs and conflict coping. The conclusion and suggestions are based on the result of the data analysis which is expected to contribute to the further research in the related topic of marriage. Keywords: separation-individuation, marital beliefs, interpersonal efficacy , conflict coping,
34
Moura, Fabiano Moura de. "Separação de casal: entre a satisfação conjugal e a separação judicial". Master's thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/8584.
Abstract (sommario):
O presente estudo busca analisar por que as pessoas insatisfeitas com a relação conjugal permanecem casadas ou permanecem casadas por mais de seis meses e se separam.
No referencial teórico, para responder a esse questionamento buscou-se, em dois capítulos, analisar o casamento e a separação. No primeiro capítulo foi possível discorrer sobre os conceitos de casal, família e casamento, analisando-se mais pormenorizadamente a perspetiva psicológica do casal, a história da psicoterapia do casal e a terapia comportamental do casal. No que diz respeito ao segundo capítulo, analisa-se a separação, a intimidade do casal, a satisfação e insatisfação da relação, as causas que permeiam essa separação, a busca pela identidade do casal e vários modelos terapêuticos.
No que tange à pesquisa empírica, essa contou com uma amostra de conveniência composta por seis casais que foram divididos em dois grupos. O primeiro trata-se de três casais que se sentem insatisfeitos e permaneceram casados mesmo assim. Já o segundo grupo tem três casais que, após meses de insatisfação no relacionamento, resolveram se separar. Esses casais cumpriram os critérios estabelecidos na investigação e após o aceite foram feitas as entrevistas com eles.
Diante do resultado das entrevistas, foi possível verificar a diferença entre os casais que fazem parte do mesmo grupo e a influência que a família tem na relação e na decisão de manter a relação ou de se separarem.The present study seeks to analyze why people who are dissatisfied with their marital relationship remain married or remain married for more than six months and separate. In the theoretical framework, in order to answer this question, we sought, in two chapters, to analyze marriage and separation. In the first chapter it was possible to discuss the concepts of couple, family and marriage, analyzing in more detail the couple's psychological perspective, the history of the couple's psychotherapy and the couple's behavioral therapy. With regard to the second chapter, the separation, the intimacy of the couple, the satisfaction and dissatisfaction of the relationship, the causes that permeate this separation, the search for the couple's identity and various therapeutic models are analyzed. Regarding the empirical research, this included a convenience sample composed of six couples that were divided into two groups. The first is three couples who feel dissatisfied and remain married anyway. Already the second group has three couples who, after months of dissatisfaction in the relationship, decided to separate. These couples met the criteria established in the investigation and after acceptance were interviewed with them. Given the results of the interviews, it was possible to verify the difference between the couples that are part of the same group and the influence that the family has on the relationship and the decision to maintain the relationship or to separate.
35
Hsiu-LinWu e 吳秀琳. "On the Reform of Marriage Property System — The Amendment of Separation Property System and Marital Property Agreement". Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/3ywc95.
Abstract (sommario):
碩士國立成功大學
法律學系
107
This article reviews the legislative process of the past matrimonial property regimes. After many revisions, the matrimonial property regimes continues to have many controversies. The improvement of the female labor force also makes the current legislation of the housewife marriage model untimely. The double-income family in the modern society is normal, and the thinking is gradually different from the past. It is believed that the division of labor and the care of the children should be shared equally by the spouses of both parties. What is needed between spouses is a life style that equals the family economy and housework, and is no longer a woman’s dependence on her husband. In addition, it is not easy to determine the scope of the remainder of the property after the marriage , which also complicates the disputes in divorce proceedings, which leads to the time-consuming litigation, which is not conducive to the settlement of disputes. Therefore, this article believes that the parties who want to get married should discuss the ownership of the property after marriage and conclude the marital property agreement; However, it is not advocated that the existing legal property system is completely replaced by the prenuptial agreement. Instead, the separation of property regime is the matrimonial property regimes. If there are other marriage property issues, the marital property agreement is agreed.
36
Mauki, Chrissiona. "Effect of marital dissolution on early adolescents' academic and psycho-social development". Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/43176.
Abstract (sommario):
This study investigated marital dissolution in the Tanzanian context. The study specifically focused on the potential effect of marital dissolution (both positive and negative) on early adolescents’ academic and psycho-social functioning. The primary research question directing the research is: ―How can insight into marital dissolution in Tanzania broaden our knowledge on its effect on children?‖
The conceptual framework for the study is based on attachment theory, crisis theory, family stress theory and life course theory. Epistemologically, the study utilised social constructivism as paradigm. A qualitative methodological approach was followed, implementing an instrumental case study as research design. I purposefully selected eight children from two children’s centres in Tanzania and four additional children from custodial homes. In addition, twelve parents, who had been separated from their partners, as well as twelve teachers and caregivers who have been involved with the child participants, participated in the study. For data collection I employed semi-structured interviews with the parents and children; focus group discussions with teachers and caregivers; interviews and narrations with children; and an analysis of existing documents. Field notes, a research diary and verbatim transcripts were utilised to document the data I collected.
Following inductive thematic analysis four themes emerged, relating to the reasons for marital dissolution, the effect of marital dissolution on early adolescents’ functioning, trends following marital dissolution and managing marital dissolution in Tanzania. In terms of reasons for marital dissolution I identified the following subthemes: abuse, lack of commitment to the family, influence of others, and financial strain. In terms of the effect of marital dissolution on early adolescents’ functioning three subthemes emerged namely; effect on early adolescents’ academic performance, effect on early adolescents’ psycho-social well-being, and parents’ insight into the effect of marital dissolution on their children. With regard to trends following marital dissolution I identified the following three subthemes: positive effect of marital dissolution, change in living arrangements, and other related changes negatively affecting children. Finally, two subthemes emerged concerning the management of marital dissolution in Tanzania, namely minimising the effect of marital dissolution on children, and potential role of the Tanzanian government. The findings of this study indicate that the majority of Tanzanian couples merely separate, rather than following a legal divorce. Parents showed limited insight into the effect of marital dissolution on their children. Besides some children experiencing the separation of their parents as a relief, the majority of children were negatively affected in terms of their academic performance and psycho-social functioning. Children indicated the need to be involved in discussions preceding and during the separation process, yet Tanzanian parents did not value the involvement of their children during this process. Based on the findings I obtained I conclude that the effect of marital dissolution on children are not only continuous but that the effects in various areas of functioning are interrelated and cyclic in nature, and that children can experience the effects before, during and after marital dissolution.Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2014.
lk2014
Educational Psychology
PhD
Unrestricted
37
Chança, Deolinda Duarte. "Internalização em crianças da comunidade pós-divórcio : efeitos do ajustamento psicológico dos pais e da parentalidade e comparação com crianças expostas a violência nas relações íntimas". Master's thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10437/6926.
Abstract (sommario):
Orientação: Diogo LamelaO impacto da dissolução conjugal no ajustamento psicológico dos filhos é um tema com bastante representação na investigação empírica internacional (Lansford, 2009; Nunes-Costa, Lamela, & Figueiredo, 2009). No entanto, reduzidos estudos sobre esta problemática em Portugal foram realizados até ao momento, o que impossibilita compreender as variáveis associadas ao ajustamento psicológico das crianças, cujos pais se divorciaram. Orientada por uma perspectiva da Psicopatologia do Desenvolvimento dos Sistemas Familiares e pelo Modelo Interactivo dos elementos teóricos da parentalidade, a presente dissertação tem como finalidade compreender as variáveis que se associam a problemas aumentados de internalização em crianças filhas de pais divorciados. Utilizando uma amostra de 314 pais divorciados recolhidos num estudo online de design transversal, a presente dissertação tem três objectivos de investigação: (1) Analisar se sintomas aumentados de internalização variam em função do nível de ajustamento psicológico dos pais, (2) analisar se os sintomas aumentados de internalização nas crianças variam em função da parentalidade positiva dos pais, e por fim, (3) investigar se há diferenças nos sintomas aumentados de internalização das crianças de pais divorciados da comunidade, em comparação com uma amostra de crianças em mães divorciadas de uma amostra em alto-risco (vítimas de violência na intimidade). Os resultados sugerem a existência de diferenças estatisticamente significativas, verificando que os pais com menor ajustamento psicológico ao divórcio relataram mais sintomas de internalização nos filhos do que os pais com maior ajustamento ao divórcio, os pais com maior sentido de mestria ambiental relataram significativamente menos sintomas de internalização dos filhos do que os com os pais com menor sentido de mestria ambiental e que os pais com menores níveis de autoaceitação revelaram níveis de sintomatologia de internalização significativamente superiores nos seus filhos, em comparação com pais com maiores níveis de auto-aceitação. Comparando os dados entre a amostra da comunidade e a amostra exposta a violência nas relações íntimas, conclui-se que as crianças do grupo de alto-risco apresentaram níveis significativamente superiores de sintomas de internalização comparadas com as crianças do grupo da comunidade.
The impact of marital dissolution in the psychological adjustment of children is a high topic in international empirical research (Lansford, 2009; Nunes-Costa, Lamela, & Figueiredo, 2009). Guided by a perspective of Developmental Psychopathology of Family Systems and by the Interactive Model of Parenting, this study had as purpose to understand the variables that were associated with increased internalizing problems in children of divorced parents. Using a sample of 314 parents divorced collected in an online study with a cross-section design, this study had three research aims: (1) to analyze whether increased internalizing symptoms vary depending on the parents’ psychological adjustment levels, (2) to test whether increased internalizing symptoms in children vary based on parents’ positive parenting and finally, (3) to investigate whether there were differences in increased internalizing symptoms between children of community divorced parents and high-risk divorced mothers (victims of violence in close relationships). The results suggested that parents with lower psychological adjustment to divorce reported more internalizing symptoms in children than parents with higher adjustment to divorce. Parents with greater sense of environmental mastery reported significantly fewer symptoms the internalizing symptoms than parents with lower sense of environmental mastery. Parents with lower levels of self-acceptance symptoms showed significantly higher levels of internalization at your children, compared with higher levels of self-acceptance. Comparing data between the community sample and the sample exposed to violence in intimate relationships, children of the high-risk group had significantly higher levels of internalizing symptoms compared to children of the community group.
38
Combrinck, Candice. "Experiences of professionals in drafting and implementing parenting plans in high-conflict separation and divorce matters in South Africa". Diss., 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/14317.
Abstract (sommario):
This study focused on the experiences of professionals in drafting and implementing parenting plans with high-conflict separating and divorcing families in the South African context. The primary aim of the study was to explore the participants’ personal and professional experiences through an in-depth and sensitive inquiry. The data was collected from five participants using face-to-face, semi-structured interviews. The interviews were analysed using thematic analysis. The results of this study indicate that professionals experience various challenges when working with high-conflict separating and divorcing families. The participants also shared their perceptions regarding parenting plans. Further research on the challenges specific to drafting and implementing parenting plans with high-conflict separating and divorcing families in the South African context is recommendedPsychology
M.A. (Clinical Psychology)
39
Verças, Ana Rita Ventura. "A coparentalidade e o apoio social, em situação de rutura conjugal e o ajustamento dos filhos : estudo com famílias multidesafiadas, com filhos em idade pré-escolar". Master's thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/13467.
Abstract (sommario):
Esta investigação consiste num estudo misto, cujo objetivo principal é perceber a
relação entre a coparentalidade e o apoio social no ajustamento da criança, em famílias
multidesafiadas em situação de rutura conjugal. Participaram no estudo quantitativo 98
crianças em idade pré-escolar e 78 pais (48 mães e 30 pais), que frequentavam uma IPSS
do Concelho de Cascais. O protocolo de investigação foi constituído por um questionário
sociodemográfico, o questionário da coparentalidade de Margolin et al. (2001), o
questionário medical outcomes study social support survey (MOS-SSS; Sherbourne &
Stewart, 1991) e o questionário de capacidades e dificuldades (SDQ; Goodman, 1997).
Desta amostra, foi selecionado um sub-grupo de 10 mães, que constituíram, numa segunda
fase, a amostra do estudo qualitativo, respondendo a uma entrevista semiestruturada e
preenchendo o esquema “convoy model” (Kahn & Antonuci, 1980).
Os resultados de ambos os estudos permitiram perceber que existe influência da
coparentalidade e do apoio social no ajustamento da criança ao divórcio. As crianças cujos
pais apresentam níveis mais elevados de conflito têm maiores dificuldades, comparadas
com crianças cujos pais apresentam níveis mais elevados de cooperação e comunicação.
As mães cujas redes de apoio são maiores e que fornecem tipos de apoio mais
diversificados apresentam níveis mais elevados de cooperação, e os seus filhos não
apresentam dificuldades, de acordo com o SDQ. Percebeu-se que os fatores relacionados
com o ajustamento da criança ao divórcio ou separação dos pais são diversos e o seu
impacto é visível, quando estes atuam em conjunto. A idade da mãe revelou-se um fator de
influência na coparentalidade e ajustamento dos filhos, no sentido em que as mães com
mais de 30 anos apresentam maiores níveis de cooperação e comunicação com o excônjuge,
quando comparadas com mães com menos de 30 anos. As dificuldades
económicas da mãe, o apoio material e ao nível dos tempos livres (da parte do pai) e o
tempo que a mãe passa com a criança são alguns dos indicadores importantes para a
adaptação da criança à separação/divórcio. Foram definidas algumas linhas de orientação
no âmbito da mediação social e familiar nestes contextos de pobreza.The main objective of this mixed research is to understand the relationship between coparenting and social support in the adjustment of children in situations of marital dissolution multi-challenged families. Ninety eight preschool children and 78 parents (48 mothers and 30 fathers) were recruited in an IPSS of Cascais and took part in the quantitative study. The research protocol consisted of a sociodemographic questionnaire, the questionnaire of coparenting (Margolin et al., 2001), the Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey (MOS-SSS; (Sherbourne & Stewart, 1991) and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ; Goodman, 1997). In a second step, a sub-group of 10 mothers, from the original sample, were selected for the qualitative study. This sub-group answered to a semistructured interview and completed the "convoy model" scheme (Kahn & Antonuci, 1980). The results from both studies suggest an influence of coparenting and social support in the child adjustment to divorce. Children whose parents have higher levels of conflict have greater difficulty, compared with children whose parents have higher levels of cooperation and communication. Mothers whose support networks are larger and provide more diverse support have higher levels of cooperation, and their children have no difficulties, according to the SDQ. It was noticed that the factors related to child adjustment to divorce or parental separation are various and their impact is visible when occurring together. Maternal age proved to be a factor influencing the coparenting and child adjustment, in the sense that mothers with more than 30 years have higher levels of cooperation and communication with the ex-spouse, compared to mothers under 30 years. Mother’s economic difficulties, father’s financial support and support during leisure time, combined with the time that the mother spends with the child are some of the important indicators for the child's adjustment to separation/divorce. Some guidelines were defined about social and family mediation in poverty contexts.