Articoli di riviste sul tema "Marginality, social – united states"
Segui questo link per vedere altri tipi di pubblicazioni sul tema: Marginality, social – united states.
Cita una fonte nei formati APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard e in molti altri stili
Vedi i top-50 articoli di riviste per l'attività di ricerca sul tema "Marginality, social – united states".
Accanto a ogni fonte nell'elenco di riferimenti c'è un pulsante "Aggiungi alla bibliografia". Premilo e genereremo automaticamente la citazione bibliografica dell'opera scelta nello stile citazionale di cui hai bisogno: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver ecc.
Puoi anche scaricare il testo completo della pubblicazione scientifica nel formato .pdf e leggere online l'abstract (il sommario) dell'opera se è presente nei metadati.
Vedi gli articoli di riviste di molte aree scientifiche e compila una bibliografia corretta.
1
Elling, Ray. "Reflections on the Health Social Sciences—Then and Now". International Journal of Health Services 37, n. 4 (ottobre 2007): 601–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/hs.37.4.a.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
After its beginnings in the United States, medical sociology started to take hold in Germany in 1958 with a conference that resulted in the first book on medical sociology published in Germany. From uneasy marginality, the field has grown to include disciplines other than sociology—anthropology, economics, and political economy. Today, the field might best be called the “health social sciences.” The main body of work employs the consensual perspective, but work done using a class conflict perspective is increasingly significant.
2
Bouchard, Gérard. "Marginality, Co-Integration and Change: Social History as a Critical Exercise". Journal of the Canadian Historical Association 8, n. 1 (9 febbraio 2006): 19–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/031115ar.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract In an address delivered as a guest speaker, Gérard Bouchard conveys the theoretical and historiographical considerations which led to the writing of his Quelques arpents d'Amérique. In particular, he presents the concept of family reproduction as a promising tool towards the understanding of the links between micro and macro social phenomena. Thereafter, he traces the limits of the notion of marginality for the study of the multiple economic activities of the Saguenay, which he rejects in favour of co-integration and integration. These concepts allow a consideration of the relation between two systems and for the autonomous dynamic of the society otherwise called a periphery. As illustrations of his global approach, he then offers some conclusions pertaining to contraception, agricultural change and education. He proceeds to identify elements of other North American historiographies of agricultural regions, in Quebec, Canada and the United States, which call for the use of the notion of co-integration. Only once detailed comparisons are made will historians be able to discriminate between the originality of the French Canadian habitant and his “Americanity”.
3
Reyes, Rogelio. "Language, marginality and education: A gitano case study". Estudios Fronterizos, n. 18-19 (1 gennaio 1989): 83–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.21670/ref.1989.18-19.a04.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Given the works of Skutnabb-Kangas(1981) Fishman & Keller(1982) and others on the education of linguistics minorities in different parts of the world, it would appear proper to include, in the on-going discussion through journals and other publications, an account of the education status of yet another much neglected minority -the Rom, or Gypsies, as they are commonly know in English. The present study attemps to give a microcosmic view of the common rubric for the Rom in Spain.It is concluded that although modem-day Gitanos are linguistically and otherwise more integrated in Spanish aociely than in previous times, they remain, for the most part, educationally and socially marginalized. This conclusion raises the general question: Is it language differences alone that keep marginal group (e.g. indígenas in Latin America. Chicanos in the United States, etc.) from attaining educalional and social equality or does their marginal status depend on other, more structural factors as well? The Gitano experience seems to indicate that the latter is the case.
4
Richardson, Rashida, e Amba Kak. "Suspect Development Systems: Databasing Marginality and Enforcing Discipline". University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform, n. 55.4 (2022): 813. http://dx.doi.org/10.36646/mjlr.55.4.suspect.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Algorithmic accountability law—focused on the regulation of data-driven systems like artificial intelligence (AI) or automated decision-making (ADM) tools—is the subject of lively policy debates, heated advocacy, and mainstream media attention. Concerns have moved beyond data protection and individual due process to encompass a broader range of group-level harms such as discrimination and modes of democratic participation. While a welcome and long overdue shift, the current discourse ignores systems like databases, which are viewed as technically “rudimentary” and often siloed from regulatory scrutiny and public attention. Additionally, burgeoning regulatory proposals like algorithmic impact assessments are not structured to surface important –yet often overlooked –social, organizational, and political economy contexts that are critical to evaluating the practical functions and outcomes of technological systems. This Article presents a new categorical lens and analytical framework that aims to address and overcome these limitations. “Suspect Development Systems” (SDS) refers to: (1) information technologies used by government and private actors, (2) to manage vague or often immeasurable social risk based on presumed or real social conditions (e.g. violence, corruption, substance abuse), (3) that subject targeted individuals or groups to greater suspicion, differential treatment, and more punitive and exclusionary outcomes. This framework includes some of the most recent and egregious examples of data-driven tools (such as predictive policing or risk assessments), but critically, it is also inclusive of a broader range of database systems that are currently at the margins of technology policy discourse. By examining the use of various criminal intelligence databases in India, the United Kingdom, and the United States, we developed a framework of five categories of features (technical, legal, political economy, organizational, and social) that together and separately influence how these technologies function in practice, the ways they are used, and the outcomes they produce. We then apply this analytical framework to welfare system databases, universal or ID number databases, and citizenship databases to demonstrate the value of this framework in both identifying and evaluating emergent or under-examined technologies in other sensitive social domains. Suspect Development Systems is an intervention in legal scholarship and practice, as it provides a much-needed definitional and analytical framework for understanding an ever-evolving ecosystem of technologies embedded and employed in modern governance. Our analysis also helps redirect attention toward important yet often under-examined contexts, conditions, and consequences that are pertinent to the development of meaningful legislative or regulatory interventions in the field of algorithmic accountability. The cross-jurisdictional evidence put forth across this Article illuminates the value of examining commonalities between the Global North and South to inform our understanding of how seemingly disparate technologies and contexts are in fact coaxial, which is the basis for building more global solidarity.
5
Collom, Ed. "Community Currency in the United States: The Social Environments in Which it Emerges and Survives". Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 37, n. 9 (settembre 2005): 1565–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a37172.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Community currency originated as a means to empower the economically marginalized. This paper studies the US population of community currency systems using locally printed money. Eighty-two systems are identified that have been attempted in the United States since 1991. Internet searches and contact with system coordinators indicate that only 20.7% of all systems are active. Regions in which they occur are described; more than one quarter are in Pacific states. City-level Census 2000 data are employed in analyses of environmental conduciveness to determine in which types of social environments local currencies emerge and survive within. Social movement theory is engaged to identify general, population-based resources for local movements. Economic marginality and labor-market-independence hypotheses are also formulated and tested. The major findings indicate that cities with local currencies are characterized by populations with lower household incomes, higher poverty rates, higher unemployment rates, and larger self-employment sectors. Evidence is also presented indicating that community currencies tend to survive in places with younger populations, higher educational attainment, fewer married people, and less residential stability. Implications concerning the future of the community currency movement and its ability to empower the marginalized are drawn.
6
Autero, Esa. "Reading the Epistle of James with Socioeconomically Marginalized Immigrants in the Southern United States". PNEUMA 39, n. 4 (22 dicembre 2017): 504–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700747-03904019.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract The themes of possessions and socioeconomic injustice have caught the attention of scholars of the Epistle of James in recent years. Nevertheless, most biblical scholars still focus primarily on the epistle’s historical aspects, a notable exception being Latin American scholars. Yet, even though many of these have interpreted James from the perspective of their context of socioeconomic exploitation, their readings do not report how people themselves understand and use biblical texts.1 This article explores the themes of wealth, poverty, and marginality in James using empirical hermeneutics. For this purpose, a group of Latino/a pentecostal believers in the southern United States read James 1:1–11 and 5:1–8 in a small Bible study group from the perspective of their religious experience, social marginalization, and economic exploitation. This article includes a report of the group’s reading of the above-mentioned passages, along with theological and practical reflections aimed at churches and practitioners.
7
Yarris, Kristin Elizabeth. "ICE Offices and Immigration Courts: Accompaniment in Zones of Illegality". Human Organization 80, n. 3 (12 agosto 2021): 214–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.17730/1938-3525-80.3.214.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In this article, I examine two sites of the contemporary illegality industry in the United States: the ICE Field Office and the Immigration Court. Drawing on ongoing ethnographic engagement, including accompaniment and observations in a regional Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) Field Office and an Executive Office of Immigration Reform (EOIR) Court, I trace how human interactions and social relations in each of these bureaucratic sites structure and reinforce conditions of precarity, insecurity, and marginality among undocumented and asylum seeking people in the United States. In both sites, the enforcement power of the state is visible through the configurations of bureaucratic processes and the structures of interactions between migrants and federal government officials. Examining these two sites from the vantage point of engaged ethnography, I illustrate how routine, bureaucratic encounters (re)produce illegality and exclusion by enacting violence against migrants through the powers of surveillance and administrative monitoring, and the threat of deportation and family separation. I also reflect on the political potential that emerges through activist anthropology and accompaniment with migrants in sites of state violence.
8
OWEN, BARBARA, e BARBARA BLOOM. "Profiling Women Prisoners: Findings from National Surveys and a California Sample". Prison Journal 75, n. 2 (giugno 1995): 165–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0032855595075002003.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
As the number of women in prison in the United States continues to rise, existing descriptions of this changing population become outmoded. This article summarizes several national surveys of the current population of imprisoned women and provides preliminary findings from a larger study that profiles women prisoners in California's rapidly expanding state prison system. California's female prison population increases cannot be attributed to the incarceration of more dangerous women. In fact, the percentage of women in prison for violent offenses has decreased while the proportion of women in prison for drug-related offenses has increased substantially. Women prisoners are often economically and politically marginalized, and imprisonment tends to exacerbate this marginality. Community sanctions, which address the multidimensional problems faced by women in the criminal justice system, should be used more extensively.
9
Sotgiu, Elisa. "Woes of the True Global Novelist". Journal of World Literature 7, n. 2 (9 maggio 2022): 274–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24056480-20221001.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract The global novel is one of the central stakes in the US-centered international literary field, a field that openly celebrates marginality, authenticity, and ethical bearing while still rewarding works targeted to an Anglophone, educated audience with an omnivorous aesthetic disposition. This essay reconstructs the genesis and the history of the contemporary literary field, tracing the geopolitical, social, and institutional changes that resulted in the current system of beliefs. The second part focuses on two celebrated global novelists, Elena Ferrante and Roberto Bolaño, studying the affinities in their work that reflect their similar position vis-à-vis the United States: they both disallow the centrality of the US and the legitimacy of academic institutions, make use of genre fiction, and craft their narratives around the figure of an authentic, marginal friend. These strategies prove to be particularly effective in responding to the contradictory constraints of the literary field.
10
Saito, Chizuko. "Bereavement and Meaning Reconstruction among Japanese Immigrant Widows: Living with Grief in a Place of Marginality and Liminality in the United States". Pastoral Psychology 63, n. 1 (31 gennaio 2013): 39–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11089-013-0517-9.
Testo completo
11
Fernández, Matías. "Hanging Out Together, Surviving on Your Own: The Precarious Communities of Day Laborers". Journal of Contemporary Ethnography 47, n. 6 (5 luglio 2017): 865–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0891241617716743.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
How does one make sense of a group of migrant men who spend much of their time together over several years, share a space as well as a social position, and behave in some respects like close friends, yet do not develop stable relationships of solidarity and collective forms of self-perception? What are the micro-foundations of these precarious communities? Drawing upon eight months of ethnographic fieldwork at three day labor sites in Los Angeles, this article explores three interlocking processes that sustain one of the most radical forms of marginality in contemporary the United States. It analyzes the economic, political, and cultural dispossession of day laborers through (1) market competition, (2) the embodiment of an undocumented status, and (3) the internalization of cultural exclusion. These individualizing mechanisms are argued to truncate basic forms of mutual solidarity, producing and reproducing the precarious communities of day laborers.
12
Daniel, Reginald. "Sociology of Multiracial Identity in the Late 1980s and Early 1990s: The Failure of a Perspective". Journal of Ethnic and Cultural Studies 8, n. 2 (15 marzo 2021): 106. http://dx.doi.org/10.29333/ejecs/643.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Sociologists largely failed to comprehend the emergence of multiracial identities in the United States during the late 1980s and early 1990s. This was due, in part, to hypodescent and the monoracial imperative. These social devices, respectively, categorize offspring of interracial unions between Whites and people of color based exclusively on the background of color, and necessitate single-racial identification. This has prohibited the articulation and recognition of multiracial identities. Hypodescent and the monoracial imperative are so normative that they have been taken for granted by sociologists across the monoracial spectrum, much as the larger society. Sociology’s espoused objectivity blinded sociologists to the standpoint of their own monoracial subjectivity. They provided little critical examination of hypodescent and the monoracial imperative in terms of their impact on multiracial identity formations. Some sociologists challenged theories of marginality, which stressed the psychological dysfunction of multiracials. Yet multiracial identities were considered symptomatic of mainly isolated psychological concerns with personal identity. Sociologists were absent from analyses of collective identity and agency speaking to mixed-race concerns. Consequently, they remained on the periphery of social scientific theorizing of multiracial identities in terms of their wider-ranging implications.
13
Herring, Chris. "Complaint-Oriented Policing: Regulating Homelessness in Public Space". American Sociological Review 84, n. 5 (5 settembre 2019): 769–800. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0003122419872671.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Over the past 30 years, cities across the United States have adopted quality-of-life ordinances aimed at policing social marginality. Scholars have documented zero-tolerance policing and emerging tactics of therapeutic policing in these efforts, but little attention has been paid to 911 calls and forms of third-party policing in governing public space and the poor. Drawing on an analysis of 3.9 million 911 and 311 call records and participant observation alongside police officers, social workers, and homeless men and women residing on the streets of San Francisco, this article elaborates a model of “complaint-oriented policing” to explain additional causes and consequences of policing visible poverty. Situating the police within a broader bureaucratic field of poverty governance, I demonstrate how policing aimed at the poor can be initiated by callers, organizations, and government agencies, and how police officers manage these complaints in collaboration and conflict with health, welfare, and sanitation agencies. Expanding the conception of the criminalization of poverty, which is often centered on incarceration or arrest, the study reveals previously unforeseen consequences of move-along orders, citations, and threats that dispossess the poor of property, create barriers to services and jobs, and increase vulnerability to violence and crime.
14
Bustamante, Juan José. "The U.S. Mexican immigrant family in a changing society: a critical overview". Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Sociologica, n. 76 (30 marzo 2021): 79–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/0208-600x.76.05.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This article charts literature debates about the structural changes of the Mexican immigrant family in the United States. It presents, first, a critical overview of the conventional literature on the Mexican immigrant family, typically framed around assimilation models, their major themes, and shortcomings. Then, shifting frameworks, this paper shows how structural inequality and feminist models, as critical approaches to emerging immigrant family forms, help us to understand the transformational parallels between U.S. society and the Mexican immigrant family structure. It is argued in this article that the Mexican family is structurally diverse. In doing so, the discussion is placed in the larger context of the U.S., explaining how historical and present social forces associated with unequal access to economic, labor, and educational opportunities have perpetuated the marginality of the Mexican immigrant family vis-à-vis the mainstream family. The paper also outlines and discusses the ways feminist, intersectional, and postmodernism frameworks shape the current literature debates on immigrant families. Lastly, it discusses how diversity in terms of family structure and family life contributes to the general field of family study in the U.S. and globally.
15
Shah, Aqil. "Do U.S. Drone Strikes Cause Blowback? Evidence from Pakistan and Beyond". International Security 42, n. 04 (maggio 2018): 47–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/isec_a_00312.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Many analysts argue that U.S. drone strikes generate blowback: by killing innocent civilians, such strikes radicalize Muslim populations at the local, national, and even transnational levels. This claim, however, is based primarily on anecdotal evidence, unreliable media reports, and advocacy-driven research by human rights groups. Interview and survey data from Pakistan, where, since 2004, the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency has launched more than 430 drone strikes, show little or no evidence that drone strikes have a significant impact on militant Islamist recruitment either locally or nationally. Rather, the data reveal the importance of factors such as political and economic grievances, the Pakistani state's selective counterterrorism policies, its indiscriminate repression of the local population, and forced recruitment of youth by militant groups. Similarly, trial testimony and accounts of terrorists convicted in the United States, as well as the social science scholarship on Muslim radicalization in the United States and Europe, provide scant evidence that drone strikes are the main cause of militant Islamism. Instead, factors that matter include a transnational Islamic identity's appeal to young immigrants with conflicted identities, state immigration and integration policies that marginalize Muslim communities, the influence of peers and social networks, and online exposure to violent jihadist ideologies within the overall context of U.S. military interventions in Muslim countries.
16
JIANAKOPLOS, NANCY AMMON, e VICKIE L. BAJTELSMIT. "Dual private pension households and the distribution of wealth in the United States". Journal of Pension Economics and Finance 1, n. 2 (luglio 2002): 131–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474747202001063.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Using data from the 1998 Survey of Consumer Finances, this paper examines the impact of dual private pension households on the distribution of household wealth in the United States. This paper builds on three lines of previous research: inquiries into ‘assortative mating’, i.e., the tendency for people with similar characteristics to marry; studies emphasizing the importance of pensions as a component of household wealth; and recent research examining how wives' earnings alter the distribution of household income. Evidence of ‘assortative private pensions’, i.e., the tendency for people with private pensions to be married to people with private pensions, is presented. Estimates of the expected value of private pension and social security wealth are added to measures of household non-retirement net worth to obtain the value household wealth. These data indicate that wives' private pensions in dual private pension households contribute marginally to greater equality in the wealth distribution.
17
Nicholson, Gavin J., Malcolm Alexander e Geoffrey C. Kiel. "Defining the Social Capital of the Board of Directors: An Exploratory Study". Journal of Management & Organization 10, n. 1 (gennaio 2004): 54–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1833367200004612.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
ABSTRACTThis paper advances the resource dependence and social networks literature by investigating a board's structural social capital created as a consequence of interlocking directorates. Using approaches and measures developed by social network analysis we compare the interpersonal directorship networks of the top 250 companies in the United States and Australia. We find that the smaller, sparser Australian network is only marginally less compact and connected than the larger US network at the firm level of analysis. However, at the director level of analysis the US network is much larger and more connected than its Australian counterpart. As a result, we argue that scholars studying the resource dependence role of boards should consider using measures of interpersonal links as well as traditional measures of inter-firm links.
18
Nicholson, Gavin J., Malcolm Alexander e Geoffrey C. Kiel. "Defining the Social Capital of the Board of Directors: An Exploratory Study". Journal of the Australian and New Zealand Academy of Management 10, n. 1 (gennaio 2004): 54–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5172/jmo.2004.10.1.54.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
ABSTRACTThis paper advances the resource dependence and social networks literature by investigating a board's structural social capital created as a consequence of interlocking directorates. Using approaches and measures developed by social network analysis we compare the interpersonal directorship networks of the top 250 companies in the United States and Australia. We find that the smaller, sparser Australian network is only marginally less compact and connected than the larger US network at the firm level of analysis. However, at the director level of analysis the US network is much larger and more connected than its Australian counterpart. As a result, we argue that scholars studying the resource dependence role of boards should consider using measures of interpersonal links as well as traditional measures of inter-firm links.
19
Duberstein Lindberg, Laura, Adam Sonfield e Alison Gemmill. "Reassessing Adolescent Male Sexual and Reproductive Health in the United States: Research and Recommendations". American Journal of Men's Health 2, n. 1 (5 dicembre 2007): 40–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1557988307309460.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Adolescent males are practicing safer sexual behaviors and experiencing healthier outcomes than their predecessors. In recent years, adolescent males have tended to start having sex later in life, have fewer sexual partners, use condoms and other contraceptive methods more often, and father fewer children. Yet sexual activity during adolescence remains the norm, and thus adolescent sexual and reproductive health (SRH) remains an important concern. Moreover, large disparities remain in risk and outcomes according to race/ethnicity, sexual orientation, social connectivity, and where men live. Policy and program advances have been limited. Adolescent males are less likely than they were a decade ago to be receiving broad-based SRH information in school, and their access to clinical services has increased only marginally. Most new funding has been provided for ineffective abstinence-only education programs. Prerequisites for continued progress include research to fill in gaps in our knowledge, arriving at societal consensus around key controversies, and new tactics and allies in the political arena.
20
Nwachukwu, Joel N., e Aaron Ola Ogundiwin. "The Second Scramble for Africa: A Cause for Afro-Pessimism". Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences 11, n. 1 (10 gennaio 2020): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.36941/mjss-2020-0006.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This paper argued that although the second scramble for Africa could be located within the broader neo-imperialist global strategy, nevertheless, it is quite different from the classic race for Africa in the 19th century, in terms of its approach, mechanism, timing and new participants. It is also new in some ways. Firstly, it has enlisted the rampageous United States of America, Russia and the ravenous new Asian entrants such as China and India, plus the Oil-rich Sheikdoms, while retaining a number of the European imperial powers in the affray. Secondly, it has created a local bourgeoisie that sees itself as the overseer of foreign interests on the continent. Thirdly, the ideology of the new scramble is based on quick-loot-fast-plunder and is derived from modern globalization imperatives. This study which adopted as its approach, a combination of descriptive, analytical, evaluative as well as historical perspectives insists that unless the second scramble is checked, it would consolidate Africa’s relegation to marginality, cultural irrelevance, and eventual recolonization. Through the test of series of hypotheses, the work exposed the major forces at work as it answered some basic questions of the research. It concludes that Africa needs a super power to provide it with a nuclear umbrella, and draw a marshal plan – the type America did for the war devastated Europe at the end of the Second World War, to assert itself.
21
ADORNO, GAIL, NOELLE FIELDS, COURTNEY CRONLEY, RUPAL PAREKH e KAREN MAGRUDER. "Ageing in a low-density urban city: transportation mobility as a social equity issue". Ageing and Society 38, n. 2 (2 novembre 2016): 296–320. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x16000994.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was to examine older adults' experiences and perspectives regarding transportation mobility. Using a community-based participatory research approach, residents of Arlington, Texas, age 55 and older, participated in individual interviews (N = 15) or one of six focus groups (N = 45) as part of an overall study about ageing well in a large ethnically diverse city in the United States of America. Thematic analysis was conducted using inductive and deductive qualitative methods and social equity as a sensitising concept. Findings indicate that older adults who are transportation-disadvantaged experience limited access to health care, goods and services and are isolated from familiar lifestyle habits and social networks. Access to affordable, adequate transportation is compromised through social and political forces, which marginalise historically disadvantaged populations. Implications for cross-disciplinary practice and future research on sustainable transportation and policy development are discussed within a social justice and social equity framework.
22
Beek, David E. S. "Faulkner’s Quixotic Picaresque: Carnival, Tricksters, and Rhizomatic Intertextuality in The Reivers". Open Cultural Studies 1, n. 1 (27 novembre 2017): 270–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/culture-2017-0024.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract Faulkner’s The Reivers exemplifies the Quixotic Picaresque-a conflation of the narrative modes exhibited in Lazarillo de Tormes and Miguel de Cervantes’s Don Quixote. This essay explores the correlation between Spain’s transition from feudalism to a modern mercantile society and the United States’ transition from an agrarian society based on slavery to a modern industrial nation within the cultural contexts of these novels. In each of these works, a series of trickster figures undertake performative acts of deception, particularly the masking tradition of Carnival, in order to endure the hardships of modernity. However, whereas most tricksters tend to be solely focused on pragmatic individual objectives, quixotic pícaros maintain a sense of idealism that leads them to consider the Other and thus act in the name of communal prosperity. These selfless tricksters meta-theatrically parody the generic social conventions in which they reside in order to subvert the hegemony that seeks to oppress and marginalise them and fellow members of their communities. In performing an array of identities and social roles, these quixotic pícaros contribute to the opacity of modern multicultural nation-states, and thus, disrupt all social hierarchies leading to the regeneration of the public body, mobility, and a more utopian world.
23
Brydges, Hilliard T., Matteo Laspro, Alexandra N. Verzella, Andre Alcon, Jill Schechter, Michael F. Cassidy, Bachar F. Chaya, Eduardo Iturrate e Roberto L. Flores. "Contemporary Prevalence of Oral Clefts in the US: Geographic and Socioeconomic Considerations". Journal of Clinical Medicine 13, n. 9 (27 aprile 2024): 2570. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm13092570.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Background: Socio-economic status, living environments, and race have been implicated in the development of different congenital abnormalities. As orofacial clefting is the most common anomaly affecting the face, an understanding of its prevalence in the United States and its relationship with different determinants of health is paramount. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to determine the modern prevalence of oral–facial clefting in the United States and its association with different social determinants of health. Methods: Utilizing Epic Cosmos, data from approximately 180 US institutions were queried. Patients born between November 2012 and November 2022 were included. Eight orofacial clefting (OC) cohorts were identified. The Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) was used to assess social determinants of health. Results: Of the 15,697,366 patients identified, 31,216 were diagnosed with OC, resulting in a prevalence of 19.9 (95% CI: 19.7–20.1) per 10,000 live births. OC prevalence was highest among Asian (27.5 CI: 26.2–28.8) and Native American (32.8 CI: 30.4–35.2) patients and lowest among Black patients (12.96 CI: 12.5–13.4). Male and Hispanic patients exhibited higher OC prevalence than female and non-Hispanic patients. No significant differences were found among metropolitan (20.23/10,000), micropolitan (20.18/10,000), and rural populations (20.02/10,000). SVI data demonstrated that OC prevalence was positively associated with the percentage of the population below the poverty line and negatively associated with the proportion of minority language speakers. Conclusions: This study examined the largest US cohort of OC patients to date to define contemporary US prevalence, reporting a marginally higher rate than previous estimates. Multiple social determinants of health were found to be associated with OC prevalence, underscoring the importance of holistic prenatal care. These data may inform clinicians about screening and counseling of expectant families based on socio-economic factors and direct future research as it identifies potential risk factors and provides prevalence data, both of which are useful in addressing common questions related to screening and counseling.
24
Defo, Barthelemy Kuate, e Melissa Partin. "Determinants of low birthweight: a comparative study". Journal of Biosocial Science 25, n. 1 (gennaio 1993): 87–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021932000020332.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
SummaryThe study compares biological, socioeconomic and behavioural determinants of low birthweight in Cameroon and the United States. Some factors in low birthweight are found to be cross-national, but others are specific to the setting. Positive risk factors of low birthweight in both countries include unmarried motherhood, female sex, multiple births, and preterm births. Outcome of the previous pregnancy is a positive risk factor in the US, but not in Cameroon. Significant negative risk factors include prenatal care visits (in both countries), mother's education (in the US only), births to mothers aged 20–34 and birth orders of 2 or more (in Cameroon only). Separate analyses of all births and the subsamples of singleton births reveal that estimates for the two groups differ only marginally.
25
Herron, Brigette A., e Kathryn Roulston. "The Interview as a Technology for Understanding the Social World: The Case of Interviews About Race". Cultural Studies ↔ Critical Methodologies 22, n. 1 (28 ottobre 2021): 18–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15327086211054051.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The interview is a technology used all over the world to learn about others’ lives, disseminate opinions, and construct narratives concerning the social world. While formerly a province of elite members of society prior to the 19th century, the interview became accessible to ordinary people everywhere over the past 150 years. In this article, we explore how the interview as a technology, although promising in its democratic possibilities, can marginalize, exclude, and misrepresent people. We examine interviews conducted in relation to one particular context in the United States: Forsyth County, Georgia. Through our examination of interviews conducted about race in public media over the last 50 years, we found that sometimes the ways interviewees were selected, interviewed, and represented reproduced and reified existing stereotypes and discourses surrounding the question of “why Forsyth County continued to be an all-White county” for much of the 20th century. Furthermore, when information sought focused solely on interviewees’ opinions and perspectives, critical dialogue did not occur. We argue that for research interviews on sensitive topics such as “race” to fulfill their democratic promise, researchers must intentionally design studies in ways that support research for social justice.
26
Lee, Jayeon. "Is Snapchat Discover really a news platform? News snacking from social media and users’ knowledge of current affairs". Journal of Applied Journalism & Media Studies 00, n. 00 (17 marzo 2021): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/ajms_00047_1.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The role of the media in informing the public has long been a central topic in journalism studies. Given that social media platforms have become today’s major source of news, it is important to understand the impact of social media use on citizens’ knowledge of current affairs. While people get news from multiple platforms throughout the day, most research treats social media as a single entity or examines only one or two major platforms ignoring newer social media platforms. Drawing on news snacking framework, this study investigates how using some of today’s most popular social media platforms predicts users’ current affairs knowledge, with particular attention to Snapchat and its news section Discover. A survey conducted in the United States (N=417) demonstrated that each of the platforms is distinct: Twitter is a strongly positive predictor of knowledge, Facebook a marginally significant negative predictor, Reddit a significantly negative predictor and Instagram not a significant predictor. Overall Snapchat use has no significant association with users’ knowledge of current affairs, whereas Discover use has a negative relationship. Further analysis revealed that mere exposure to Snapchat is positively related to soft-news knowledge and attention to Discover is negatively related to hard-news knowledge.
27
Nairn, Raymond, Ruth DeSouza, Angela Moewaka Barnes, Jenny Rankine, Belinda Borell e Tim McCreanor. "Nursing in media-saturated societies: implications for cultural safety in nursing practice in Aotearoa New Zealand". Journal of Research in Nursing 19, n. 6 (settembre 2014): 477–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1744987114546724.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This educational piece seeks to apprise nurses and other health professionals of mass media news practices that distort social and health policy development. It focuses on two media discourses evident in White settler societies, primarily Australia, Canada, New Zealand and the United States, drawing out implications of these media practices for those committed to social justice and health equity. The first discourse masks the dominant culture, ensuring it is not readily recognised as a culture, naturalising the dominant values, practices and institutions, and rendering their cultural foundations invisible. The second discourse represents indigenous peoples and minority ethnic groups as ‘raced’ – portrayed in ways that marginalise their culture and disparage them as peoples. Grounded in media research from different societies, the paper focuses on the implications for New Zealand nurses and their ability to practise in a culturally safe manner as an exemplary case. It is imperative that these findings are elaborated for New Zealand and that nurses and other health professionals extend the work in relation to practice in their own society.
28
Hipp, Sarah L., Yan Yan Wu, Nicole T. A. Rosendaal e Catherine M. Pirkle. "Association of Parenthood With Incident Heart Disease in United States’ Older Men and Women: A Longitudinal Analysis of Health and Retirement Study Data". Journal of Aging and Health 32, n. 7-8 (10 marzo 2019): 517–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0898264319831512.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Objective: To examine the association of number of children birthed/fathered with incident heart disease, accounting for socioeconomic and lifestyle characteristics. Methods: We analyzed data from 24,923 adults 50 and older (55% women) in the Health and Retirement Study. Participants self-reported number of children and doctor-diagnosed incident heart disease. Cox proportional hazards models estimated heart disease risk. Results: Compared to women with one to two children, those with five or more had increased risk of heart disease (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.13, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [1.03, 1.25]). Compared to men with one to two children, those with five or more had a marginally increased risk of heart disease (HR = 1.11, 95% CI = [0.99, 1.25]), but this association attenuated in models adjusting for socioeconomic and lifestyle variables. Compared to men with no children, those with five or more retained a borderline significant association in the fully adjusted model (HR = 1.15, 95% CI = [0.99, 1.35]). Discussion: Social and lifestyle pathways appear to link parenthood to cardiovascular health.
29
Gavino, Monica C., Denise E. Williams, David Jacobson e Iris Smith. "Latino entrepreneurs and social media adoption: personal and business social network platforms". Management Research Review 42, n. 4 (15 aprile 2019): 469–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mrr-02-2018-0095.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine both the Latino/Hispanic entrepreneurs’ social media adoption (SMA) for business purposes and the influence of culture on personal versus business social network platform (SNP) selection. Design/methodology/approach The Technology Acceptance Model’s (TAM) factors of perceived usefulness (PU) and perceived ease of use (PEU) as drivers of Latino/Hispanic entrepreneurs’ social network platform selection are examined as well as the effect of SMA on revenue. Data was collected from 633 small business owners across the United States via an online survey administered in English and Spanish. Findings Results indicate that Latino/Hispanic business owners use personal SNP more than business SNP for business purposes. PU and PEU were not found to predict personal SNP for Latino/Hispanic entrepreneurs. However, for Non-Latino/Hispanics, PU was significant while PEU was marginally significant. Findings for PU and PEU as predictors of business SNP indicate similar results for both Latino/Hispanic and non-Latino/Hispanic entrepreneurs, where only PEU was significant. Finally, there was no relationship between either business or personal SNP and revenue for either Latino/Hispanic or non-Latino/Hispanic entrepreneurs. Practical implications This research provides more insight into Latino/Hispanic entrepreneurs’ self-directed engagement in personal SNP (Facebook) and business SNP (LinkedIn) for business purposes and invites future research in this population to further examine cultural influence and business performance. The findings support the need for Latino/Hispanic entrepreneurs’ strengthening their competency in social media usage to remain competitive, as doing so will enhance their capability for building customer relationships, brand development, and equity financing. Originality/value This investigation 1) examines SMA’s role in Latino/Hispanic small and medium enterprises (SMEs); 2) distinguishes between personal and business social network platforms; 3) investigates TAM’s relevance for Latino/Hispanic entrepreneurs’ use of social media for business; and 4) explores SME social media usage as a predictor of revenue. We seek to provide practitioners with a greater understanding of how they may influence business success and sustainability through better competency development and usage of social media platforms.
30
Inguanta, Gemma, e Catharine Sciolla. "Time Doesn’t Heal All Wounds: A Call to End Mandated Reporting Laws". Columbia Social Work Review 19, n. 1 (4 maggio 2021): 116–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.52214/cswr.v19i1.7403.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Mandated reporting laws are pertinent to practitioners of “helping professions,” such as social workers, doctors, nurses, and teachers. These laws dictate that a professional or student in those fields must report suspected child maltreatment to the state for investigation. The report, as well as the investigation that follows, has the potential to result in removal and separation of children from their parents or caretakers. The child welfare system of which mandated reporting is a component has a cruel history of racism and white supremacy, as well as prejudice towards those experiencing poverty, disabilities, mental health concerns, homelessness, and substance use disorders. This research examines the disproportionate harm the child welfare system has on Black and Brown individuals, particularly in New York, and how the system has used mandated reporting laws to further marginalize oppressed communities since the 1970s. This research indicates the need to comprehensively reimagine the erroneously named “child welfare system” starting with repealing mandated reporting laws in the United States.
31
Varshney, Ashutosh, e Connor Staggs. "Hindu Nationalism and the New Jim Crow". Journal of Democracy 35, n. 1 (gennaio 2024): 5–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jod.2024.a915345.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract: This essay draws a parallel between the political and social dynamics of Hindu nationalism in India under Narendra Modi and the policies of racial segregation of the Jim Crow era in the United States (from approximately 1880 to 1965). As with the marginalization of black Americans based on race during Jim Crow, Hindu nationalism aims to marginalize Muslim Indians based on religion. Methods similar to those used in the Jim Crow South—including exclusionary laws, segregation, and vigilante violence—are now being deployed in India to subdue Muslims. Such actions go against the principles of equality established by India's 1950 Constitution. As in the Jim Crow South, the judiciary in India has proven slow to play its assigned role as guarantor of liberal constitutionalism. Friends of liberal, constitutional democracy will be wise not to count on judges to salvage the situation. In the end, only the voters can decide to stop Hindu nationalism, or else underwrite its final advance.
32
Chen, Gina Masullo, Paromita Pain, Victoria Y. Chen, Madlin Mekelburg, Nina Springer e Franziska Troger. "‘You really have to have a thick skin’: A cross-cultural perspective on how online harassment influences female journalists". Journalism 21, n. 7 (7 aprile 2018): 877–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1464884918768500.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In-depth interviews with 75 female journalists who work or have worked in Germany, India, Taiwan, the United Kingdom, and the United States of America reveal that they face rampant online gendered harassment that influences how they do their jobs. Many of the women report that if they aim to engage with their audience online – which is a job requirement for many of them – they frequently face sexist comments that criticize, attack, marginalize, stereotype, or threaten them based on their gender or sexuality. Often, criticism of their work is framed as misogynistic attacks and, sometimes, even involves sexual violence. The journalists have developed a variety of strategies for dealing with the abuse, including limiting what they post online, changing what stories they report on, and using technological tools to prevent people from posting offensive words on the journalists’ public social media pages. Results show that this harassment disrupts the routinized practice of reciprocal journalism because it limits how much these women can interact with the audience in mutually beneficial ways without being attacked or undermined sexually. While experiences of harassment were consistent across the countries studied, cultural differences were evident in how much the journalists were expected to engage online. Results are discussed in relation to the hierarchy of influences model that aims to explain how multiple forces influence media content.
33
Ridenhour, Benjamin J., Dilshani Sarathchandra, Erich Seamon, Helen Brown, Fok-Yan Leung, Maureen Johnson-Leon, Mohamed Megheib, Craig R. Miller e Jennifer Johnson-Leung. "Effects of trust, risk perception, and health behavior on COVID-19 disease burden: Evidence from a multi-state US survey". PLOS ONE 17, n. 5 (20 maggio 2022): e0268302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0268302.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Early public health strategies to prevent the spread of COVID-19 in the United States relied on non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) as vaccines and therapeutic treatments were not yet available. Implementation of NPIs, primarily social distancing and mask wearing, varied widely between communities within the US due to variable government mandates, as well as differences in attitudes and opinions. To understand the interplay of trust, risk perception, behavioral intention, and disease burden, we developed a survey instrument to study attitudes concerning COVID-19 and pandemic behavioral change in three states: Idaho, Texas, and Vermont. We designed our survey (n = 1034) to detect whether these relationships were significantly different in rural populations. The best fitting structural equation models show that trust indirectly affects protective pandemic behaviors via health and economic risk perception. We explore two different variations of this social cognitive model: the first assumes behavioral intention affects future disease burden while the second assumes that observed disease burden affects behavioral intention. In our models we include several exogenous variables to control for demographic and geographic effects. Notably, political ideology is the only exogenous variable which significantly affects all aspects of the social cognitive model (trust, risk perception, and behavioral intention). While there is a direct negative effect associated with rurality on disease burden, likely due to the protective effect of low population density in the early pandemic waves, we found a marginally significant, positive, indirect effect of rurality on disease burden via decreased trust (p = 0.095). This trust deficit creates additional vulnerabilities to COVID-19 in rural communities which also have reduced healthcare capacity. Increasing trust by methods such as in-group messaging could potentially remove some of the disparities inferred by our models and increase NPI effectiveness.
34
Englund, Heather, e Jennifer Basler. "Life at the Margins: Marginality and Race in Undergraduate Students and Faculty". Western Journal of Nursing Research 42, n. 6 (2 agosto 2019): 415–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0193945919865737.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The United States has become increasingly diverse, but this same rise in diversity is not reflected in the nursing profession. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between marginality and minority status for nursing students in two states with very different racial/ethnic minority profiles. Marginality was measured using the Koci Marginality Index. When comparing students by geographical region, there were statistically significant differences between the two groups with regard to the marginality subconcepts of intermediacy, differentiation, power, secrecy, voice, liminality, and reflectiveness. Data were also collected from nurse faculty at each of the universities in Texas and Wisconsin. Findings suggest that there are significant differences between the two faculty samples with regard to advising, tutoring, and mentoring activities, as well as referral of minority students to campus resources. Marginalization is a complicated, deeply entrenched issue that continues to significantly impact minority nursing students across the nation.
35
Bower, Richard. "Marginality and the Third Space of Unadopted Plotlander Roads". Space and Culture 20, n. 4 (9 luglio 2017): 485–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1206331217707474.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This article explores the characteristics and relationships of marginality in informal space and plotlander housing in the context of Homi K. Bhabha’s cultural hybridity and Third Space. To illustrate and examine the processes of marginalization that defined informal space in the United Kingdom, this article will critically analyze the previously undocumented plotlander community at Studd Hill on the North Kent coastline.1 Examining key aspects of this sites social origins and its marginal spatial context reveals the positive implications and challenges of informal space and social hybridization. In this analysis, issues of spatial vulnerability and marginality of plotlander communities are critically reframed as analogous to the sociospatial characteristics and innovative practices highlighted by Bhabha in postcolonial hybrid space. Focusing specifically on the challenges of the unadopted roads at Studd Hill, this article’s comparisons reveal how the anarchistic emergence of plotlander housing in the United Kingdom has produced innovative solutions to their social marginality that reflect the spatial values of postcolonial hybrid spaces.
36
Bagdey, Prashant, Hemant Adikane, Uday Narlawar, Dadasaheb Dhage, Kishor Surwase e Alka Kaware. "A cross sectional study of prevalence of internet addiction and its association with mental health among college going students in Nagpur city". International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 5, n. 4 (23 marzo 2018): 1658. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20181252.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Background: The Internet has become an integral part of life. India is the third largest country in the world next to china and United States in respect of the number of internet users. Adolescents usually have poorer self- control, worse self-regulation, and poorer cognition as compared to adults and are considered the most vulnerable group to the temptations of the internet. Objective of the study was to understand the patterns, preferred use of internet, prevalence Internet addiction and its effect on their mental health status among college students in Nagpur.Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in different colleges across in the Nagpur corporation during the period Dec 2016 to May 2017. Pre-validated, pre-tested, structured questionnaire was developed. Young’s 20-item scale for Internet addiction (YIAT) was applied to qualify for the prevalence of Internet addiction. The 12-item General Health Questionnaire has excellent psychometric properties as a screening instrument for psychiatric disorders in nonclinical settings.Results: This study of college students aged 17-25 years with marginally high male representation (51.92%), identified 30.69%, 26.60% and 0.26% students with mild, moderate and severe Internet addiction respectively. Those who are having internet addiction are two times at a risk of having poor mental health (OR = 2.28, p = 0.01).Conclusions: Disproportionate Internet use is an evolving issue among college going students as our study have highlighted that excessive use of the Internet undesirably affects one’s physical and mental health and social well-being.
37
Ito, Satoshi, e Abdolmaboud Ansari. "Iranian Immigrants in the United States: A Case Study of Dual Marginality." Contemporary Sociology 18, n. 2 (marzo 1989): 234. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2074093.
Testo completo
38
Abraham, Sameer Y., e Abdolmaboud Ansari. "Iranian Immigrants in the United States: A Case Study of Dual Marginality." International Migration Review 24, n. 2 (1990): 393. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2546570.
Testo completo
39
Rentscher, Kelly, Teresa Seeman, Steve Cole e Judith Carroll. "Physical Indicators of Aging are Related to Cellular Senescence Signal P16INK4a in Midlife Adults". Innovation in Aging 5, Supplement_1 (1 dicembre 2021): 1013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igab046.3631.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract Cellular senescence signal p16INK4a has been identified as a biomarker of aging that accumulates with chronological age across several tissues in mice and humans and may be potentially modifiable by interventions. This study examined whether physical indicators of aging were associated with p16INK4a and other markers of the aging process in midlife adults. Participants were 543 adults aged 26–78 years (Mage=54.0; 50.5% female) in the Midlife in the United States Refresher cohort. Interviews, questionnaires, and performance tests measured physical indicators of aging, including the Fried frailty index, limitations in daily activities, and age-related comorbidities. RNA sequencing of whole blood assessed biomarkers of aging: p16INK4a (CDKN2A), the DNA damage response (DDR), and the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Older age was associated with enhanced p16INK4a (r=.11, p=.01), DDR (r=.34, p<.001), and SASP (r=.38, p<.001) expression. Multiple regression models that adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, BMI, comorbidities, and time between assessments revealed that frailty (pre-frail/frail vs. non-frail) was associated with greater p16INK4a (B=0.13, p=.048) and marginally greater DDR (B=0.06, p=.06) expression. Limitations in daily activities were also associated with p16INK4a (B=0.12, p=.045). History of heart disease, stroke, arthritis, and cancer were associated with DDR and SASP expression in unadjusted models only (ps<.05). In summary, senescence indicator p16INK4a was elevated in whole blood samples from middle-aged adults who showed signs of frailty and limitations in daily activities. Findings suggest that whole blood p16INK4a expression might potentially be used to detect early signs of aging and target interventions to reduce biological aging and frailty.
40
Abraham, Sameer Y. "Book Review: Iranian Immigrants in the United States: A Case Study of Dual Marginality". International Migration Review 24, n. 2 (giugno 1990): 393–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019791839002400222.
Testo completo
41
Madeira, Bruno. ""Tendo conquistado o presente, a direita traz consigo a vitória do futuro": O neoconservadorismo anglo-saxónico e a evolução do pensamento económico da direita radical portuguesa (1976-1985)". Relações Internacionais, n. 68 (dicembre 2020): 91–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.23906/ri2020.68a07.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The electoral victories of neoconservatism in the United Kingdom and the United States of America had evident impacts on the European right, namely in terms of their revitalization and organizational, discursive, doctrinal and prepositive updated stance. In the case of the Portuguese radical right, this influence and moralizing example are clear. Ostracized and kept in political marginality after the Revolution of April 25, 1974, Portuguese right-wingers saw in the advances of neoconservatism the possible way to rehabilitate themselves in democracy and, at the same time, to accommodate their old principles to a fashionable political-economic narrative.
42
Bryan, Kisha C. "“I had to get tougher”: An African Immigrant's (Counter)narrative of Language, Race, and Resistance". Teachers College Record: The Voice of Scholarship in Education 122, n. 13 (aprile 2020): 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016146812012201307.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Background/Context With the incessant wave of anti-Black and anti-immigrant sentiments, the extant political situation in the contemporary United States presents an ideal space, place, and time to investigate Black immigrant students’ experiences and examine the ways in which dominant racial and linguistic ideologies shape their literate identities and position them in schools and society. While the Black immigrant population overall continues to increase, the Black immigrant student population in United States K–12 schools has experienced a steady upward trend. This student population shares some of the racialized experiences of Black American students but also refects distinctive cultural, linguistic, and literate identities, and experiences that we, as educators, must acknowledge and embrace if we are to help them effectively navigate the educational and social terrain of the U.S. Purpose/Research Questions The purpose of this article is to amplify (counter)narratives that highlight one adolescent African immigrant's (Noemi) identities and languages within and beyond school spaces, to exemplify the ways in which she utilizes alternative literacies to accommodate, and/or resist racial and immigration status-based microaggressions. The study was guided by the following questions: 1) What are Noemi's literacy, language, and identity practices in and beyond school spaces? 2) What are the ways in which she utilizes these practices to resist stereotypes and other forms of marginalization? Research Design Utilizing a narrative case study approach, the article highlights the lived experiences of a single participant–Noemi. Narrative case study allowed me to intentionally give life to Noemi's stories regarding her home and school experiences, the ways in which she has been positioned due to her unique identity, language, and literacy practices, and her methods of resistance. Data Collection and Analysis Data sources included two semistructured interviews and a Venn diagram that consisted of a comparison of the focal participant's home and school literacies. A relational content analysis was conducted using the information provided in the Venn diagram, and interview data were transcribed and analyzed using the constant comparative method. Critical race theory, a raciolinguistic perspective, and resistance theory were considered in the analysis and framing of the resulting counternarratives. Findings/Results Noemi's counternarratives were characterized by three emergent themes: (a) being raised African in America, (b) racial literacies, music, and social media, and (c) race, language, and the sociopolitical climate. Each of the themes and their corresponding subthemes were supported by elements of critical race theory and a raciolinguistic perspective. In addition, Noemi's counternarratives consisted of numerous “clapbacks” (effective responses to criticisms, stereotypes, and dominant ideologies) that served as indicators of resistance. Conclusions/Recommendations Noemi's counternarratives suggest three acknowledgments to be made. First, educators must acknowledge identity practices beyond those seen in academic spaces and tap into the vast metaknowledge of their immigrant populations. Second, we must not lose sight that dominant, hegemonic messages with regard to languages, literacies, and cultures are not only produced by the dominant group, but that they are also (re)produced by the media and nonwhite people to marginalize and maintain structural hierarchies. Therefore, critical conversations are needed with native nonwhite groups to prevent discriminatory practices and maltreatment of immigrant students. Finally, if we are to create equitable and socially just academic environments, educators must acknowledge manifestations of resistance (in its many forms) and use this knowledge to help transform schooling environments in which immigrants, like Noemi, are expected to thrive. They must also identify the ways in which they function as part of institutional norms, to create situations that require students to leverage “clapbacks” in schools.
43
Fletcher, Del Roy, e John Flint. "Welfare conditionality and social marginality: The folly of the tutelary state?" Critical Social Policy 38, n. 4 (20 gennaio 2018): 771–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0261018317753088.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In a contemporary evolution of the tutelary state, welfare reform in the United Kingdom has been characterised by moves towards greater conditionality and sanctioning. This is influenced by the attributing responsibility for poverty and unemployment to the behaviour of marginalised individuals. Mead (1992) has argued that the poor are dependants who ought to receive support on condition of certain restrictions imposed by a protective state that will incentivise engagement with support mechanisms. This article examines how the contemporary tutelary and therapeutic state has responded to new forms of social marginality. Drawing on a series of in-depth interviews conducted with welfare claimants with an offending background in England and Scotland, the article examines their encounters with the welfare system and argues that alienation, rather than engagement with support, increasingly characterises their experiences.
44
GALLANT, ARTHUR. "United States". ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 505, n. 1 (settembre 1989): 173–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716289505001024.
Testo completo
45
NIMMO, DAN. "United States". ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 505, n. 1 (settembre 1989): 175–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716289505001025.
Testo completo
46
WALTERS, RONALD W. "United States". ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 505, n. 1 (settembre 1989): 176–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716289505001026.
Testo completo
47
FILLER, LOUIS. "United States". ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 505, n. 1 (settembre 1989): 177–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716289505001027.
Testo completo
48
WOLF, T. PHILLIP. "United States". ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 505, n. 1 (settembre 1989): 178–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716289505001028.
Testo completo
49
SHANK, ALAN. "United States". ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 505, n. 1 (settembre 1989): 179–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716289505001029.
Testo completo
50
O'NEILL, TIMOTHY J. "United States". ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 505, n. 1 (settembre 1989): 180–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716289505001030.
Testo completo