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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Maladies neurodégénératives – Modèles mathématiques"
Calon, Frédéric. "Modulation des lipides du cerveau par l’alimentation : études chez des modèles animaux de maladies neurodégénératives". Cahiers de Nutrition et de Diététique 49, n. 3 (giugno 2014): 120–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cnd.2014.03.003.
Testo completoRemaud, Sylvie, e Barbara Demeneix. "Les hormones thyroïdiennes régulent le destin des cellules souches neurales". Biologie Aujourd'hui 213, n. 1-2 (2019): 7–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jbio/2019007.
Testo completoNgbolua, K. N. "Etudes ethnobotanique et dendrométrique et potentiel de séquestration du C02 de Entandrophragma cylindricum et Khaya grandifoliola (Meliaceae) dans une réserve communautaire en République Démocratique du Congo". Revue Congolaise des Sciences & Technologies 01, n. 02 (15 novembre 2022): 95–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.59228/rcst.022.v1.i2.13.
Testo completoELSEN, J. M., e J. M. AYNAUD. "Introduction au numéro hors série Encéphalopathies spongiformes transmissibles animales". INRAE Productions Animales 17, HS (19 dicembre 2004): 5–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.2004.17.hs.3613.
Testo completoPAIN, Bertrand, Noémie AURINE, Théo LA ROSA, Camille BAQUERRE e Muriel COULPIER. "Potentiel des organoïdes cérébraux comme modèles d’étude des neuropathologies chez les animaux domestiques". INRAE Productions Animales 36, n. 2 (13 settembre 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.2023.36.2.7637.
Testo completoTesi sul tema "Maladies neurodégénératives – Modèles mathématiques"
Haffaf, Hadjer Wafaa. "Analyse de l'agrégation des protéines dans les maladies neurodégénératives amyloïdes : application aux maladies à prion". Thesis, Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066263/document.
Testo completoThe amyloid neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by the degeneration and the aggregation of specific proteins. These aggregation processes remain misunderstood by specialists and, mostly, only hypothetical. In this thesis, and in collaboration with biophysicists, we analyze the mechanisms of aggregation, relying on experimental data. Modeling is then a must. We present two models which we compare with the experiments. The first model, well-known from the literature is the Becker-Döring system. An infinite system of ordinary differential equations. This first model allows us to reproduce satisfactorily the early stages of the experiments. The second model we introduce is based on an additional hypothesis which is about the formation of different fibers. This second model allows us to reproduce the experiments
Sivera, Raphaël. "Modélisation et mesure de l'évolution morphologique du cerveau à partir d'IRM structurelles pour l'étude des maladies neurodégénératives". Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AZUR4082.
Testo completoIn medical imaging, the statistical analysis of deformations enables the characterization of the effects of neurodegenerative diseases on the brain morphology. Deformations are able to capture precise changes but their analysis raises specific methodological challenges and the results may be difficult to interpret. The objective of this thesis is to present deformation-based methods and to show applications that contribute towards a better clinical interpretation of morphological changes. In the first part, we introduce a joint model of the effects of normal aging and Alzheimer’s disease on the brain morphology. The model proposes a simple description of both processes and is used to generate realistic and personalized evolutions under several diagnosis conditions. In the second part, a morphometric study is conducted on the MAPT cohort. We bring out an effect of the multidomain intervention on the longitudinal deformation of the brain using multivariate statistics. This effect is not observable using clinical assessments or volumetric measures, but we show that the differences associated with the treatment are correlated with better cognitive performance. The third part extends the statistical methodology used in the second part. A complete hypothesis testing framework for multivariate images is presented. It generalizes existing non-parametric frameworks and requires few hypothesis on the data to be applied. Finally the last part builds on the methodology of the previous sections to explore the relation between morphology and cognition in elderly subjects. The spatial correlations and the patterns of evolution described in this section suggest the existence of several dynamics of evolutions that are associated with specific cognitive changes
Sauty, Benoît. "Multimodal modelling of Alzheimer's Disease progression". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023SORUS348.
Testo completoAlzheimer's disease (AD) is a multi-facet pathology, that can be monitored through a variety of data types. This thesis aims to leverage multimodal longitudinal data, especially imaging scans and cognitive tests, to provide a statistical description of the progression of AD and to enable individual forecasting of future decline. Mixed-effect disease progression models (DPMs) are commonly used for these tasks. In this context, our first contribution questions the frequent assumption that biomarkers follow linear or logistic functions over time, and we propose a geometric framework that assumes the data lie on a manifold and follow geodesics over time. We learn the Riemannian metric of the observation space and are able to model a wider variety of biomarkers, without priors on the shape of the trajectory over time. Using variational auto-encoders, we then extend this framework to neuroimaging data (MRI or PET scans), in order to provide high-dimensional progression models that describe the patterns of structural and functional alterations of the brain over the course of AD. We then apply this family of DPMs to clinical studies data in order to investigate the heterogeneity of AD progression, due to APOE-e4 genotype and sex on patterns of brain alterations. Lastly, we use said DPMs with a set of imaging and fluid biomarkers to identify the specific combinations of input features that best forecast cognitive declines in patients at different stages of the disease. The thesis demonstrates that DPMs can effectively model the progression of AD using a great variety of multimodal longitudinal data and provide valuable insights into the disease's clinical manifestations and progression. These findings can inform clinical trial design and facilitate more accurate prognosis and individualized treatment strategies for patients with AD
Ortholand, Juliette. "Joint modelling of events and repeated observations : an application to the progression of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024SORUS227.
Testo completoProgression heterogeneity in chronic diseases such as Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a significant obstacle to developing effective treatments. Leveraging the growing wealth of large databases through modelling can help better understanding it. However, the data collected only offer access to partial trajectories, that need to be realigned to reconstruct a comprehensive disease progression. To address this challenge, data-driven progression models like the longitudinal Spatiotemporal model were developed. Its main interest is its ability to synchronise patients onto a common disease timeline (temporal aspect) thanks to a latent disease age, while also capturing the remaining variability through parameters that account for outcome ordering (spatial aspect). However, this model was primarily designed for longitudinal data, overlooking crucial outcomes in ALS such as time to death or initiation of life support, like Non-Invasive Ventilation (NIV). Conversely, existing joint models offer the advantage of simultaneously handling longitudinal and survival data. However, they do not realign trajectories, which compromises their temporal resolution. This thesis aimed to expand the Spatiotemporal model into a Joint Spatiotemporal model, enabling, for ALS research, the examination of survival data alongside longitudinal data. First, we applied the Spatiotemporal model to explore how the interaction between sex and onset site (spinal or bulbar) impacts the progression of ALS patients. We selected 1,438 patients from the PRO-ACT database. We demonstrated a significant influence of both sex and onset site on six longitudinal outcomes monitoring the functional and respiratory decline in addition to Body Mass Index. However, this study did not incorporate survival analysis, despite its paramount importance in ALS, due to limitations inherent to the Spatiotemporal model. To address this gap, we associated the Spatiotemporal model with a survival model that estimates a Weibull survival model from its latent disease age, creating a univariate Joint Temporal model. After model validation, we benchmarked our model with a state-of-the-art joint model on PRO-ACT data. Our model exhibited significantly superior performance in terms of absolute bias and mean cumulative AUC for right-censored events. This demonstrated the efficacy of our approach in the context of ALS compared to existing joint models. However, modelling several longitudinal outcomes requires a multivariate approach. Life support initiation that might be censored by death needs to be also considered. We thus extended the Joint Temporal model, into a multivariate Joint Spatiotemporal model with competing risks to analyse NIV initiation. This involved coupling the multivariate Spatiotemporal model with a cause-specific Weibull survival model from the latent disease age. We incorporated spatial parameters with a Cox proportional effect on the hazard. After validation, we benchmarked our model with a state-of-the-art joint model on PRO-ACT data and analysed sex and onset site interaction in complement to the first study. The Joint Spatiotemporal model achieved similar performance to the state-of-the-art model while capturing an underlying shared latent process, the latent disease age, whereas the state-of-the-art models the impact of longitudinal outcomes on survival. To enhance the reproducibility and facilitate the reuse of these models, the proposed models were implemented in the open-source software Leaspy. In conclusion, this thesis introduces the first data-driven progression model combining longitudinal and survival modelling. We demonstrated its relevance to understand the occurrence of critical events in ALS. This work paves the way for further extension to analyse recurrent events, among other potential applications in causal inference
Lenuzza, Natacha. "Modélisation de la réplications des Prions : Implication de la dépendance en taille des agrégats de PrP et de l'hétérogénéité des populations cellulaires". Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale Paris, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00453321.
Testo completoBône, Alexandre. "Learning adapted coordinate systems for the statistical analysis of anatomical shapes. Applications to Alzheimer's disease progression modeling". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020SORUS273.
Testo completoThis thesis aims to build coordinate systems for shapes i.e. finite-dimensional metric spaces where shapes are represented by vectors. The goal of building such coordinate systems is to allow and facilitate the statistical analysis of shape data sets. The end-game motivation of our work is to predict and sub-type Alzheimer’s disease, based in part on knowledge extracted from banks of brain medical images. Even if these data banks are longitudinal, their variability remains mostly due to the large and normal inter-individual variability of the brain. The variability due to the progression of pathological alterations is of much smaller amplitude. The central objective of this thesis is to develop a coordinate system adapted for the statistical analysis of longitudinal shape data sets, able to disentangle these two sources of variability. As shown in the literature, the parallel transport operator can be leveraged to achieve this desired disentanglement, for instance by defining the notion of exp-parallel curves on a manifold. Using this tool on shape spaces comes however with theoretical and computational challenges, tackled in the first part of this thesis. Finally, if shape spaces are commonly equipped with a manifold-like structure in the field of computational anatomy, the underlying classes of diffeomorphisms are however most often largely built and parameterized without taking into account the data at hand. The last major objective of this thesis is to build deformation-based coordinate systems where the parameterization of deformations is adapted to the data set of interest
St-Amour, Isabelle. "Effet des IGIV dans des modèles murins de maladies neurodégénératives". Thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2014/30473/30473.pdf.
Testo completoIn the search of therapeutic solutions to neurodegenerative diseases, active and passive immunization strategies have been proposed for the clearance of protein aggregates. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) is a pharmaceutical preparation of over 98% immunoglobulin G prepared from the plasma of thousands of healthy donors. Since natural autoantibodies against pathological proteins have been identified in IVIg, it has been proposed as an alternative to immunotherapy and clinical trials in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients are underway. The aim of my PhD project was to evaluate the efficacy, analyze the mechanisms of action of IVIg in animal models of AD and Parkinson’s disease (PD), and identify potential targets for the development of pharmacological alternatives. The bioavailability of IVIg and its ability to reach therapeutic targets in the brain are unknown. In the first part of the project, we quantified the passage of IVIg through the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Our results provide quantitative evidence of BBB transport and brain bioavailability of IVIg in the absence of permeabilization and in sufficient amount to interact with therapeutic targets. In a triple transgenic mouse model of AD (3xTg-AD) that reproduces amyloid and tau pathologies, IVIg injections have improved the cognitive performance and reduced anxiety-like behaviors of treated mice. Despite limited effects on tau pathology, IVIg modulated the central (IL-5/IL-10 ratio) and peripheral (CX3CR1 + and T cells), and reduced the ratio of soluble Aβ42/Aβ40 (-22%) and the concentration of 56 kDa oligomers of Aß (Aß*56) by over 60%. This effect of IVIg on cognition, immunity and Aß pathology suggests that Aβ oligomers, effector T cells and the fractalkine pathway are potential pharmacological targets of IVIg in AD. Finally, we studied the effect of an IVIg treatment in a mouse model of PD. In this model of MPTP intoxication, our results did not demonstrate neurorestorative effects of IVIg on the nigrostriatal system and even suggested adverse effects of IVIg on the dopaminergic system. These preclinical data highlighted the importance of proceeding cautiously in the initiation of clinical trials with IVIg to treat PD patients.
Vallée, Alexandre. "Molecular thermodynamic aspects of dissipative structures in oncology, inflammatory and degenerative processes of Central Nervous System diseases". Thesis, Poitiers, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017POIT1409.
Testo completoEnergy metabolism is the primary determinant of cellular viability. Diseases are the sites of numerous metabolic and energetic production abnormalities. Indeed, the altered cells are derived from exergonic processes and emit heat that flows to the surrounding environment. Many irreversible processes can occur through changing the rate of entropy production. This rate represents a thermodynamic quantity that measures these irreversible processes. Entropy rate is increased by several metabolic and thermodynamics abnormalities in brain tumors, inflammatory processes and neurodegenerative diseases. The research works of this thesis have demonstrated and highlighted the existence of a crosstalk between canonical WNT/beta-catenin pathway and PPAR gamma which plays a major role in the reprogramming of cellular energy metabolism between oxidative phosphorylation, aerobic glycolysis and anaerobic glycolysis, of which the equilibrium point of crosstalk between these molecular pathways varies according to tumor, inflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases. These diseases are dissipative structures, that exchange energy or matter with their environment. They are open systems, far-from the thermodynamic equilibrium that operate under non-linear regime evolving to non-stationary states. Far-from-equilibrium thermodynamics are notions driven by circadian rhythms. Indeed, circadian rhythms directly participate in regulating the crosstalk of the studied molecular pathways. This crosstalk represents an innovative therapeutic target, and molecular data usable for molecular imaging in both positive and differential diagnosis of these diseases
Thomas, Sophie. "PCP4, trisomie 21 et maladies neurodégénératives : construction et étude de modèles murins". Paris 5, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA05N16S.
Testo completoPCP4 (PEP-19) belongs to a family of Iq motif proteins involved in calcium transduction signals. It binds calmodulin and regulates CamKII and nNOS wich are involved in neuronal plasticity and wich may also mediate the transduction of apoptotic signal. The gene is localized on HSA21 and is in 3 copies in Down syndrome (DS) patients. To determine whether PCP4 may be involved in some DS phenotypic features, we analysed its expression pattern during mouse development and in the adult brain. PC expression pattern suggests that its overexpression may be involved in some of the DS features such as abnormalities in neuronal differentiation in cluding synaptogenesis and migration. We thus constructed a mouse model of PCP4 overexpression using the ES cells transgenesis method. The transgenicline is currently under study. PCP4 expression in the aging brain has been shown not to vary systematically during normal aging suggesting that PCP4 modulations in human neuropathologies are induced by genes involved in these diseases. Moreover, microarrays analysis suggests that PCP4 modulation is associated with other genes involved in neurotransmission
Dequen, Florence. "Filaments intermédiaires neuronaux et maladies neurodégénératives : caractérisation de nouveaux modèles de souris transgéniques". Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26415/26415.pdf.
Testo completoLibri sul tema "Maladies neurodégénératives – Modèles mathématiques"
Nelson, Trisalyn. Using conditional spatial randomization to identify insect infestation hot spots. Victoria, B.C: Pacific Forestry Centre, 2007.
Cerca il testo completoBjörklund, Niklas. Source or sink stands: Can stand parameters be used to predict mountain pine beetle brood production with enough precision to be useful for assigning treatment priorities? Victoria, B.C: Pacific Forestry Centre, 2008.
Cerca il testo completoRobertson, C. Preliminary risk rating for mountain pine beetle infestation of lodgepole pine forests over large areas with ordinal regression modelling. Victoria, B.C: Pacific Forestry Centre, 2009.
Cerca il testo completoRunzer, K. Temporal composition and structure of post-beetle lodgepole pine stands: Regeneration, growth, economics and harvest implications. Victoria, B.C: Pacific Forestry Centre, 2008.
Cerca il testo completoModeling to inform infectious disease control. Boca Raton: CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, 2015.
Cerca il testo completoValuing health for policy: An economic approach. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1994.
Cerca il testo completo(Editor), George Tolley, Donald Kenkel (Editor) e Robert Fabian (Editor), a cura di. Valuing Health for Policy: An Economic Approach. University Of Chicago Press, 1994.
Cerca il testo completoPeterson, A. Townsend. Mapping Disease Transmission Risk: Enriching Models Using Biogeography and Ecology. Johns Hopkins University Press, 2014.
Cerca il testo completoMapping Disease Transmission Risk: Enriching Models Using Biogeography and Ecology. Johns Hopkins University Press, 2014.
Cerca il testo completoModeling Interactions Between Vector-Borne Diseases and Environment Using GIS. Taylor & Francis Group, 2015.
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