Bibliografie tematiche / Magnetic article imaging

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Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Magnetic article imaging"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 21 dicembre 2024

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Magnetic article imaging"

Taha, Dalya Mahmood, Ahmed Thaer Abdulqader, Abbas Maan Hadi Al-Khawaja e Hayder Adeeb Mousa. "Review article about Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)". European Journal of Theoretical and Applied Sciences 2, n. 5 (1 settembre 2024): 530–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.59324/ejtas.2024.2(5).51.

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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a medical imaging technique that uses a magnetic field and computer-generated radio waves to create detailed images of the organs and tissues in your body. MRI is a noninvasive way for a medical professional to examine the organs, tissues and skeletal system. It produces high-resolution images of the inside of the body that help diagnose a variety of conditions. Because MRI doesn’t use X-rays or other radiation, it’s the imaging test of choice when people will need frequent imaging for diagnosis or treatment monitoring, especially of their brain.

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Anpalakhan, Shaemala, Anna Beattie e Catriona Bhagra. "Critically appraising a cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging article". British Journal of Hospital Medicine 78, n. 1 (2 gennaio 2017): C14—C17. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/hmed.2017.78.1.c14.

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Kanda, Tomonori, Aki Miyazaki, Feibi Zeng, Yoshiko Ueno, Keitaro Sofue, Takaki Maeda, Munenobu Nogami, Kazuhiro Kitajima e Takamichi Murakami. "Magnetic resonance imaging of intraocular optic nerve disorders: review article". Polish Journal of Radiology 85, n. 1 (2020): 67–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5114/pjr.2020.93364.

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Scholtz, L., A. Sarkin e Z. Lockhat. "Current clinical applications of cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging : review article". Cardiovascular Journal Of Africa 25, n. 4 (2 settembre 2014): 185–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5830/cvja-2014-021.

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Ng, Kwan-Hoong, Oliver Faust e Rajendra Acharya U. "RETRACTED ARTICLE: Health Effects and Safety of Magnetic Resonance Imaging". Journal of Medical Systems 36, n. 5 (30 marzo 2010): 3387. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10916-010-9460-9.

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Vallett, Dave. "Magnetic Current Imaging Revisited". EDFA Technical Articles 16, n. 4 (1 novembre 2014): 26–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.edfa.2014-4.p026.

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Abstract Magnetic current imaging provides electrical fault isolation for shorts, leakage currents, resistive opens, and complete opens. In addition, it can be performed nondestructively from either side a die, wafer, packaged IC, or PCB. This article reviews the basic theory and attributes of MCI, describes the types of sensors used, and discusses general measurement procedures. It also presents application examples demonstrating recent advancements and improvements in MCI.

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Alonazi, Batil. "Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Breast Cancer Screening and Diagnosis". International Journal of Biomedicine 12, n. 1 (10 marzo 2022): 89–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.21103/article12(1)_ra4.

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The purpose of this article was to evaluate the diagnostic and screening effectiveness of breast MRI (BMRI) protocols for detecting breast cancer. The current review was based on prior research published in English databases such as PubMed and ScienceDirect in scientific articles published between 2010 and 2020 with the keywords "breast cancer MRI," "diagnostic," "dense breast," "risk factors," and "imaging." BMRI is the most sensitive imaging modality for detecting breast cancer. Annual BMRI is recommended for screening women who are at high risk for breast cancer in addition to mammography. Abbreviated MRI, with shorter image acquisition and interpretation times, increases the availability of breast MRI and reduces the costs. Unenhanced MRI parameters such as DWI are under investigation to be added to abbreviated MRI protocols. It seems feasible to offer a cost‐effective screening breast DCE‐MRI to a broader population.

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Bagnenko, S. S. "Comment to the Article „Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Hoffa’s Fat Pad“". Traumatology and Orthopedics of Russia 25, n. 2 (16 luglio 2019): 141–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.21823/2311-2905-2019-25-2-141-142.

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Safarpour Lima, Zeinab, Mohammad Reza Ebadi, Ghazaleh Amjad e Ladan Younesi. "Application of Imaging Technologies in Breast Cancer Detection: A Review Article". Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 7, n. 5 (15 marzo 2019): 838–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2019.171.

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One of the techniques utilised in the management of cancer in all stages is multiple biomedical imaging. Imaging as an important part of cancer clinical protocols can provide a variety of information about morphology, structure, metabolism and functions. Application of imaging technics together with other investigative apparatus including in fluids analysis and vitro tissue would help clinical decision-making. Mixed imaging techniques can provide supplementary information used to improve staging and therapy planning. Imaging aimed to find minimally invasive therapy to make better results and reduce side effects. Probably, the most important factor in reducing mortality of certain cancers is an early diagnosis of cancer via screening based on imaging. The most common cancer in women is breast cancer. It is considered as the second major cause of cancer deaths in females, and therefore it remained as an important medical and socio-economic issue. Medical imaging has always formed part of breast cancer care and has used in all phases of cancer management from detection and staging to therapy monitoring and post-therapeutic follow-up. An essential action to be performed in the preoperative staging of breast cancer based on breast imaging. The general term of breast imaging refers to breast sonography, mammography, and magnetic resonance tomography (MRT) of the breast (magnetic resonance mammography, MRM). Further development in technology will lead to increase imaging speed to meet physiological processes requirements. One of the issues in the diagnosis of breast cancer is sensitivity limitation. To overcome this limitation, complementary imaging examinations are utilised that traditionally includes screening ultrasound, and combined mammography and ultrasound. Development in targeted imaging and therapeutic agents calls for close cooperation among academic environment and industries such as biotechnological, IT and pharmaceutical industries.

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Klein, Hans-Martin. "Low-Field Magnetic Resonance Imaging". RöFo - Fortschritte auf dem Gebiet der Röntgenstrahlen und der bildgebenden Verfahren 192, n. 06 (12 maggio 2020): 537–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1123-7944.

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Background For more than two decades, the focus of technological progress in MRI was restricted to systems with a field strength of 1.5 T and higher. Low- and mid-field MRI systems, which offer some specific advantages, are vanishing from the market. This article is intended to initiate a re-evaluation of the factor ‘field strength’ in MR imaging. Method Literature review was carried out using MEDLINE database (via Pubmed) over a time span from 1980 to 2019 using free-text and Medical Subject headings (MeSH). Article selection was based on relevance and evidence. Results and Conclusion Low-field MR systems are meanwhile rare in clinical imaging. MRI systems with a lower field strength provide a reduced signal-noise ratio (SNR) and spectral differentiation. However, these systems offer a variety of advantages: Shorter T1 relaxation, better T1 contrast, fewer metal artifacts, reduced susceptibility and chemical shift artifacts, fewer dielectric effects, better tissue penetration, less RF-power deposition, fewer ‘missile effects’, reduced effect on biomedical implants such as shunt valves, less energy and helium consumption. If we free ourselves from the constraints of high-field strength, we are able to offer multiple medical, economic and ecologic advantages to our patients. The development of high-quality low-field MRI is possible and necessary. Key Points: Citation Format

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Tesi sul tema "Magnetic article imaging"

Pedron, Swannie. "Ιmagerie mοléculaire utilisant des micrοparticules d'οxyde de fer pοur la détectiοn de l'inflammatiοn cardiaque (par Ιmagerie par Résοnance Μagnétique) et de l'inflammatiοn pulmοnaire (par Ιmagerie à Ρarticules Μagnétiques - ΙΡΜ οu ΜΡΙ)". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Normandie, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024NORMC419.

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Les méthodes d'imagerie classiques comme l'IRM cardiaque et le scanner thoracique sont couramment utilisées pour le diagnostic des maladies cardiovasculaires et pulmonaires. Cependant, elles ne permettent que l’identification des retentissements fonctionnels et anatomiques, et la détection de la composante inflammatoire impliquée dans ces pathologies reste perfectible. Dans ces travaux de thèse, nous développons une nouvelle approche d’imagerie moléculaire appelée « immuno-IRM », qui cible les molécules d'adhésion endothéliales impliquées dans le recrutement des leucocytes vers les sites inflammatoires. En utilisant des microparticules d’oxyde de fer conjuguées à un anticorps VCAM-1 (MPIO@αVCAM-1), nous avons évalué la capacité de l’immuno-IRM à détecter in vivo et de manière spécifique l’inflammation cardiaque dans des modèles animaux de dysfonction cardiaque septique et de myocardite auto-immune expérimentale (EAM). Nous comparons notamment l’efficacité de l’immuno-IRM pour révéler l’inflammation cardiaque par rapport au rehaussement tardif au gadolinium, utilisé en clinique et considéré comme la méthode de référence (« gold standard ») pour le diagnostic de la myocardite. Dans la deuxième partie de cette thèse, nous avons développé l’utilisation d’un nouvel appareil d’imagerie appelé « Imagerie à Particules Magnétiques » (IPM), qui repose sur la détection de particules d’oxyde de fer pour créer des images corps entier, sans utiliser de rayonnements ionisants. À travers des modèles de sepsis et de maladie respiratoire infectieuse, nous avons montré que l’IPM couplée à l’utilisation de MPIO@αVCAM-1 était un outil rapide, sensible et non invasif permettant la détection de l’inflammation pulmonaire. Nos données apportent les premiers éléments permettant d’envisager, à terme, l’application de l’immuno-IRM et de l’IPM pour le diagnostic de pathologies inflammatoires cardiaques et pulmonaires
Conventional imaging methods such as cardiac MRI and thoracic CT scans are commonly used for diagnosing cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases. However, they only identify functional and anatomical abnormalities, and detecting the inflammatory component involved in these pathologies remains challenging. In this thesis, we develop a new molecular imaging approach called "immunoMRI," which targets endothelial adhesion molecules involved in recruiting leukocytes to inflammatory sites. Using iron oxide microparticles conjugated with a VCAM-1 antibody (MPIO@αVCAM-1), we assessed the ability of immuno-MRI to specifically detect cardiac inflammation in vivo in animal models of septic cardiac dysfunction and experimental autoimmune myocarditis (EAM). We also compared the effectiveness of immuno-MRI in detecting cardiac inflammation to late gadolinium enhancement, which is used in clinical practice and considered the gold standard for myocarditis diagnosis. In the second part of this work, we developed the use of a new imaging device called "Magnetic Particle Imaging" (MPI), which detects iron oxide particles to create whole-body images without using ionizing radiation. Through models of sepsis and infectious respiratory disease, we demonstrated that MPI coupled with MPIO@αVCAM-1 is a rapid, sensitive, and non-invasive tool for detecting pulmonary inflammation. Our data provide the first evidence suggesting the potential future application of immuno-MRI and MPI for diagnosing inflammatory cardiac and pulmonary conditions

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Libri sul tema "Magnetic article imaging"

Bestmann, Sven, Christian C. Ruff, Jon Driver e Felix Blankenburg. Concurrent TMS and functional magnetic resonance imaging: methods and current advances. A cura di Charles M. Epstein, Eric M. Wassermann e Ulf Ziemann. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198568926.013.0036.

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Transcranial magnetic stimulation is used for a wide range of applications in cognitive, clinical, and neuroscience. However, the precise physiological mechanisms by which TMS influences brain function are only partially understood. Combining TMS with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) provides a more complete picture of the neural underpinnings of TMS effects. This article gives an overview of methodology and technical aspects concerned with combining TMS with fMRI. Furthermore, it explains the challenges involved with the combination of TMS with fMRI and proposes solutions to the same. It also focuses on recent applications of concurrent TMS-fMRI. Combining TMS with fMRI may allow a new noninvasive probe technique for the human brain. TMS-fMRI can be used to compare TMS-evoked effective connectivity in health and disease. It can potentially be used to investigate connectivity changes during different states, with different degrees of involvement for interconnected brain regions during different tasks.

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Paus, Tomáš. Combining brain imaging with brain stimulation: causality and connectivity. A cura di Charles M. Epstein, Eric M. Wassermann e Ulf Ziemann. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198568926.013.0034.

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This article establishes the concept of a methodological approach to combine brain imaging with brain stimulation. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a tool that allows perturbing neural activity, in time and space, in a noninvasive manner. This approach allows the study of the brain-behaviour relationship. Under certain circumstances, the influence of one region on other, called the effective connectivity, can be measured. Functional connectivity is the extent of correlation in brain activity measured across a number of spatially distinct brain regions. This tool of connectivity can be applied to any dataset acquired with brain-mapping tools. However, its interpretation is complex. Also, the technical complexity of the combined studies needs to be resolved. Future studies may benefit from focusing on neurochemical transmission in specific neural circuits and on temporal dynamics of cortico-cortical interactions.

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Gray Hardcastle, Valerie, e C. Matthew Stewart. fMRI: A Modern Cerebrascope? The Case of Pain. A cura di John Bickle. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195304787.003.0009.

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This article examines the application of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in neuroscience, particularly in the imaging of pain. It provides a brief primer on functional magnetic imaging techniques and describes pain processing and pain inhibiting systems. It discusses experiments where fMRI has illustrated what has gone wrong in the pain network's response to stimuli and suggests that imaging studies of pain have a crucial role to play in diagnosing pain disorders as well as advancing a theoretical framework for explaining them. It also offers suggestions for how to improve fMRI experiments and their theoretical implications.

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Ozbay, E., G. Ozkan e K. Aydin. Left-handed metamaterials—A review. A cura di A. V. Narlikar e Y. Y. Fu. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199533046.013.20.

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This article focuses on left-handed metamaterials (LHMs). It begins with a discussion of negative-permeability metamaterials, with particular emphasis on split-ring resonators (SRRs) and SRRr arrays and how magnetic permeability influences the response of materials to the incident magnetic field. It then considers the transmission spectra of SRR, LHM and a composite metamaterial as well as the reflection characteristics of a one-dimensional double-negative material. It also examines the effect of disorder on the transmission and reflection properties of ordered left-handed materials, along with the negative refraction, negative phase velocity, and subwavelength imaging and resolution of LHMs. The article concludes with an analysis of planar negative-index metamaterials.

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Ilmoniemi, Risto J., e Jari Karhu. TMS and electroencephalography: methods and current advances. A cura di Charles M. Epstein, Eric M. Wassermann e Ulf Ziemann. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198568926.013.0037.

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Electroencephalography (EEG) combined with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) provides detailed real-time information about the state of the cortex. EEG requires only two to four electrodes and can be a part of most TMS studies. When used with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) based targeting and conductor modelling, the TMS-EEG combination is a sophisticated brain-mapping tool. This article explains the mechanisms of TMS-evoked EEG. It describes the technique of recording TMS evoked EEG and the possible challenges for the same. Furthermore, it describes possible solutions to these challenges. By varying the TMS intensities, interstimulus intervals, induced current direction, and cortical targets, a rich spectrum of functional information can be obtained. Cortical excitability and connectivity can be studied directly by combining TMS with EEG or other brain-imaging methods, not only in motor, but also nonmotor, areas.

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Cowey, Alan. TMS and visual awareness. A cura di Charles M. Epstein, Eric M. Wassermann e Ulf Ziemann. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198568926.013.0027.

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This article describes the ways in which transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) can be a means of studying consciousness by interfering with the physical occurrences of the brain. The focus of this article is aspects of consciousness, i.e. being aware or unaware, and their cerebral basis. TMS has been used to demonstrate regional cortical functional specialization. The reasons for the effects caused by TMS are still not fully known. Further work must be done in order to address this problem. TMS can briefly impose (or disrupt) rhythmic discharge in the underlying cortex and some of these rhythms are thought to be important for selective attention and awareness. TMS can disrupt activity in underlying brain tissue with millisecond precision but thus far it is usually used in isolation. When combined with event-related potentials and functional magnetic resonance imaging its usefulness will expand.

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Kokubo, N., S. Okayasu e K. Kadowaki. Multi-Vortex States in Mesoscopic Superconductors. A cura di A. V. Narlikar. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198738169.013.3.

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This article investigates multi-vortex states in mesoscopic amorphous superconductors with different geometries by means of scanning SQUID microscopy. It first describes the setup of the scanning SQUID microscope used in magnetic imaging of superconducting vortices before discussing the physical properties of amorphous superconducting thin films. It then presents the results of experiments showing the formation of multi-vortex states in mesoscopic dots of weak pinning, amorphous MoGe thin films, along with the formation of vortex polygons and concentric vortex rings in mesoscopic disks. It also considers the concept of multiple vortex shells and its applicability to vortex patterns observed in mesoscopic circle and square dots. The article highlights some of the key features of mesoscopic superconducting dots, including commensurability effect, multiple shell structures, repeated packing sequences, inclusion structural hierarchy, and pinning effect.

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Siebner, Hartwig R., Martin Peller e Lucy Lee. TMS and positron emission tomography: methods and current advances. A cura di Charles M. Epstein, Eric M. Wassermann e Ulf Ziemann. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198568926.013.0035.

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This article provides an overview of how transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and positron emission tomography (PET) can be combined. It explains the methodology concerning the combination of TMS with PET and discusses the applications of this combination to study human brain function. TMS represents a nonphysiological means of producing or modulating neuronal activity in the human brain. PET imaging can make an important contribution to the understanding of the mechanisms of action of repetitive TMS and has the potential to determine neural correlates of compensatory plasticity in both healthy subjects and disease states. By using different sources of information, the TMS-PET approach provides insight into the neurophysiological effects of TMS on human brain function. The future use of TMS is to improve the understanding of how the nonphysiological mode of brain stimulation interacts with ‘normal’ activity in the human brain.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Magnetic article imaging"

Majumdar, Shatadru, Rashmita Roy, Madhurima Sen e Mahima Chakraborty. "Review Article on Magnetic Resonance Imaging". In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 731–39. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-7403-6_64.

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Harsha. K. Donde, Ms, Ms Archana. D. Kahar e Dr Sachin B. Somwanshi. "REVIEW ARTICLE ON NUCLEAR MEDICINE". In Futuristic Trends in Pharmacy & Nursing Volume 3 Book 8, 29–33. Iterative International Publishers, Selfypage Developers Pvt Ltd, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.58532/v3bipn8p1ch4.

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Over the course of decades, the field of nuclear medicine (NM) has undergone both progressive and dramatic developments, owing primarily to responsive and flexible shifts in the global manufacturing and utilization of radiation therapies (RPh), as well as the development of new technology. Imaging devices capable of characterizing pictures, such as single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography [CT], positron emission scanning [PET]/CT, and PET/magnetic response. Naturally, as the NMRPh progresses, many critical lessons are acquired along the road. To ensure effective communication with the referral medical community and health services officials, it is felt necessary for the NM-RPh belonging to have a list(s) of indications for NM, classified on the basis of value levels, at the NM coarse level as well as medical specialty-wise, and related value levels.

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Pandya, S. R. "Surface-Tailored Iron Oxide Magnetic Nanomaterials for Biomedical Applications". In Magnetic Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications, 1–40. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644902335-1.

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Iron Oxide Magnetic Nanomaterials (IOMNMs) are widely used biocompatible and FDA approved nanomaterials to develop numerous biomedical applications. However, bare IOMNMs have shown limited applications due to columbic forces that increase the agglomeration, resulting in increased size. Thus, modifying the surface charge and design of IOMNMs are of much interest while talking about their applications in highly developed medical technologies and biotechnologies inclusive of MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) contrast agents, magnetic separation and immobilization of different proteins, antibodies, enzymes and several other biological substances. Usually, IOMNMs are modified with biocompatible functional groups like amine, carboxylic acid, hydroxyl group to enhance their bioavailability. The present article emphasizes possible synthetic approaches for tailored iron oxide nanoparticles and their surface chemistry, allowing both therapeutic and diagnostic applications (theranostic).

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Ramakrishna Reddy, R. "Prospective Potential Applications and Emerging Tendencies in Rare Earth Materials". In Materials Research Foundations, 177–210. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644903056-4.

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Rare Earth Elements (REE) remain underappreciated despite their numerous applications. High-temperature superconductors, phosphors (for energy-saving lamps, flat-screen monitors, and flat-screen televisions), rechargeable batteries (home and automotive), magnetic resonance image scanning systems, superconductors, laser technology, and very strong permanent magnets all rely on them (used for instance, in wind turbines and hard-disk drives). The article provides a brief overview of the various applications of REES. Medical imaging and therapy using rare earth doped lasers: potential environmental effects. New methods for isolating specific rare earth elements have been highlighted in applications as diverse as metallurgy and recycling.

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Parker, Andrew J. "Finding Mutual Interest Between Neuroscience and Aesthetics". In Brain, Beauty, and Art, 142–46. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197513620.003.0029.

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In the article under review in this chapter, a discussion between an art historian and neuroscientists led to a collaborative project to study the influence of authenticity on the reception of artwork. Brain-scanning with functional magnetic resonance imaging led to the identification of a number of distinct areas of the cortex that might be implicated in complex aesthetic judgments. This article provides an informal account of some of the background that led to this study.

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Kurmukov, Anvar, Aleksandra Dalechina, Talgat Saparov, Mikhail Belyaev, Svetlana Zolotova, Andrey Golanov e Anna Nikolaeva. "Challenges in Building of Deep Learning Models for Glioblastoma Segmentation: Evidence from Clinical Data". In Studies in Health Technology and Informatics. IOS Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/shti210168.

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In this article, we compare the performance of a state-of-the-art segmentation network (UNet) on two different glioblastoma (GB) segmentation datasets. Our experiments show that the same training procedure yields almost twice as bad results on the retrospective clinical data compared to the BraTS challenge data (in terms of Dice score). We discuss possible reasons for such an outcome, including inter-rater variability and high variability in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanners and scanner settings. The high performance of segmentation models, demonstrated on preselected imaging data, does not bring the community closer to using these algorithms in clinical settings. We believe that a clinically applicable deep learning architecture requires a shift from unified datasets to heterogeneous data.

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Sunaert, Stefan, e Bejoy Thomas. "An introduction to clinical functional magnetic resonance imaging of the brain". In Clinical Applications of Functional Brain MRI, 1–37. Oxford University PressOxford, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198566298.003.0001.

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Abstract The first papers on functional magnetic resonance imaging (FMRI) were published just fifteen years ago, and in the relative short time since, FMRI has assumed a major role in mapping human brain functions. A search of the term “FMRI” in the medline database reveals that more than 5000 peer reviewed original articles have been produced world-wide, a number which has increased exponentially, since last year alone more than one FMRI article a day was published. Almost nine out of ten publications cover either technical aspects of FMRI or the neurophysiological research concerned with the function of the human brain in normal subjects. The latter field is undergoing an explosive growth due to several distinctly advantageous characteristics of FMRI. These include total noninvasiveness, relatively high spatial and temporal resolution, and the ease of imaging the underlying anatomy. In addition, state-of-the-art whole brain FMRI can now be performed on almost all recently installed clinical MR scanners, and online analysis tools allow the visualization of neuronal activity at the level of the single subject (or patient) in real time. The non-invasive character means that subjects can be studied repeatedly, without harm, allowing for longitudinal studies. These benefits have thus led to a considerable growth of neurophysiological data of the human brain — normal and pathological. The development of applications of FMRI for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes in patients with neurological, neurosurgical, or psychiatric diseases forms about ten per cent of the total number of publications since the beginning of the FMRI era, and this field is growing almost as fast as that of ‘neurophysiological FMRI’. This (at first view) limited share of clinical FMRI is actually a tremendous achievement, considering the fact that clinical FMRI is much more difficult to perform than non-clinical FMRI. The reasons for this are multiple and pertain to all aspects of functional imaging. First, at the design stage of a FMRI experiment, compared to the paradigms or stimuli employed in the neurophysiological study of volunteers, those that will be used to elucidate neuronal activity in patients will have to be adapted to their pathology. Second, at the stage of acquiring the functional scans, acquisition time will often be much more limited than in young healthy volunteers. Third, the post-processing of the FMRI data will often have to be altered or improved due to the presence of ‘unexpected’ signals from the brain abnormalities.

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Skov, Martin, e Ulrich Kirk. "Expertise and Aesthetic Liking". In Brain, Beauty, and Art, 70–74. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197513620.003.0015.

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It has long been observed that experience influences aesthetic evaluations. Psychological research has found multiple examples of experts and nonexperts forming different liking responses to similar stimuli. It remains unclear, though, precisely why experts evaluate objects they are experts on differently from people who are not experts. In the article under discussion, using functional magnetic resonance imaging, the authors demonstrated that, compared to non-architects, architects exhibited higher levels of neural activity in the reward systems when tasked with evaluating their liking of buildings but not when tasked with evaluating the attractiveness of faces.

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Skov, Martin, e Ulrich Kirk. "Aesthetic Liking Is Not Only Driven by Object Properties, but Also by Your Expectations". In Brain, Beauty, and Art, 137–41. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197513620.003.0028.

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Aesthetic liking has traditionally been thought to be caused by specific object properties: symmetry, curvature, etc. One of the great insights of neuroaesthetics is the realization that expectations play almost as great a role in shaping liking responses. For example, by prefacing exposure to an artwork with information about its provenance it is possible to enhance or decrease liking. The article under discussion summarizes the results from a functional magnetic resonance imaging study where people were scanned as they rated abstract art they either believed belonged to a prestigious art gallery or to have been created by the experimenters.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Magnetic article imaging"

Dahmen, Christian, Tim Wortmann e Sergej Fatikow. "Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Magnetic Particles for Targeted Drug Delivery". In ASME 2010 First Global Congress on NanoEngineering for Medicine and Biology. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nemb2010-13149.

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Recently there have been initial investigations towards magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) guided actuation and control of untethered devices inside the human cardiovascular system. This form of therapy has the potential to revolutionize today’s treatment of cancer and other diseases by providing an accuracy of targeted drug application far beyond conventional approaches. Additionally it is based on standard MRI hardware and does not require any special or tailored hardware. In this article, we present recent work that is focused on visual feedback for the position control of untethered magnetic devices in the MRI. For reliable recognition and tracking, a thorough understanding of the impact of magnetic material on the process of MRI image acquisition is required. A simulation of the image formation process has been implemented. Additionally, initial experimental results of MRI artifact imaging are presented.

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Solowjova, I. V., A. V. Krautsou, I. V. Arbuzov, A. Y. Baslyk e T. V. Zakharanka. "SOME EFFECTS OF STATIC MAGNETIC FIELD ON THE BODY OF WORKERS". In SAKHAROV READINGS 2022: ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS OF THE XXI CENTURY. International Sakharov Environmental Institute of Belarusian State University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46646/sakh-2022-2-84-87.

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The article presents some results of studies of the effect of static magnetic field on medical personnel working in magnetic resonance imaging rooms. The levels of influence of magnetic induction of static magnetic field and the time of its negative influence are analyzed. Adverse subjective reactions of medical personnel were revealed, confirmed by a pronounced change in the functional state of the nervous system and the general level of efficiency by the end of the working day in the medical staff of magnetic resonance imaging offices.

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Hillman, Craig. "A Novel Approach to Identifying and Validating Electrical Leakage in Printed Circuit Boards Through Magnetic Current Imaging". In ISTFA 2004. ASM International, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2004p0082.

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Abstract Superconducting Quantium Interferance Device (SQUID) microscopy uses detection of magnetic fields to image current paths within electronic devices and has been successful in non-destructively identifying the location of low leakage currents, even when the failure site was between a power and ground plane. This article presents a case study in which the customer was experiencing ignition of a 20-layer printed circuit board after approximately 1000 to 4000 operating hours in an indoor-controlled environment. High currents on the board resulted in extensive damage, effectively preventing initial identification of the failure site, failure mechanism, or root-cause. Based on a review of potential failure mechanisms, measurement of relevant parameters, and the results of SQUID microscopy, the process of electrochemical migration around or through the particles was determined to be the most likely root-cause of electrical shorting between power and ground.

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Hosotani, Kazunori, Atsushi Ono, Kazuhiro Takeuchi, Yusuke Hashiguchi e Tomoya Nagahata. "Flow Visualization of Pipe Flows Obtained by MR Imaginary". In ASME/JSME/KSME 2015 Joint Fluids Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ajkfluids2015-10591.

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In this study, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), a noninvasive medical diagnostic imaging technique, was evaluated as a noncontact measurement method for fluid machinery. In this report, various simple flow fields are investigated, and a labeled water mass is tracked and visualized in two-dimensional images by the time–spatial labeling inversion pulse (time-SLIP) method. In this article, steady and pulsating pipe flows in a straight tube and in abruptly contracting and expanding channels were tested and compared with particle image velocimetry measurements or numerical simulations to evaluate their validity. In addition, as feasibility test, a rotating water turbine and a fluidic diode with a strong swirling flow were tested to estimate this method’s applicability to fluid machines. The results indicate that the time-SLIP method of tracking labeled water mass is sufficiently accurate for use in simple fluid machinery with slow flows.

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Lee, Jon C., e J. H. Chuang. "Fault Localization in Contact Level by Using Conductive Atomic Force Microscopy". In ISTFA 2003. ASM International, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2003p0413.

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Abstract As integrated circuits (IC) have become more complicated with device features shrinking into the deep sub-micron range, so the challenge of defect isolation has become more difficult. Many failure analysis (FA) techniques using optical/electron beam and scanning probe microscopy (SPM) have been developed to improve the capability of defect isolation. SPM provides topographic imaging coupled with a variety of material characterization information such as thermal, magnetic, electric, capacitance, resistance and current with nano-meter scale resolution. Conductive atomic force microscopy (C-AFM) has been widely used for electrical characterization of dielectric film and gate oxide integrity (GOI). In this work, C-AFM has been successfully employed to isolate defects in the contact level and to discriminate various contact types. The current mapping of C-AFM has the potential to identify micro-leaky contacts better than voltage contrast (VC) imaging in SEM. It also provides I/V information that is helpful to diagnose the failure mechanism by comparing I/V curves of different contact types. C-AFM is able to localize faulty contacts with pico-amp current range and to characterize failure with nano-meter scale lateral resolution. C-AFM should become an important technique for IC fault localization. FA examples of this technique will be discussed in the article.

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Santos, Vanessa Gil Humberto dos, Rafaella Antunes Bastos, Nathalia Brito Dumas, Luiza Lopes Carvalho, Laís Bornéo Moreira e Vitória de Sousa Cardoso Ribeiro. "Prolactinoma compromising visual acuity and causing adrenal insufficiency in a young male patient: case report and literature review". In XIV Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.141s1.598.

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This article reports on a case study of a 27-year-old male patient with prolactinoma, a pituitary adenoma that secretes prolactin, leading to a loss of visual acuity. The data were obtained from the patient’s clinical history, as well as complementary exams and procedures. The article emphasizes the importance of correct and early diagnosis, particularly in young patients, as the patient in this case had a relevant family history of brain tumors and experienced a year of symptoms before diagnosis. The patient was diagnosed with prolactinoma after a canon magnetic resonance imaging revealed a macroadenoma pressing on the optic chiasm, causing visual complaints, weight gain, milk production, and erectile dysfunction. The patient’s serum prolactin level was higher than 200 ng/mL, and he began treatment with Cabergoline after discovering adrenal insufficiency. While the patient reported an improvement in symptoms after two months of medication, his vision did not return. The report highlights the importance of proper screening and thorough evaluation, including atypical patients who may not fit the typical epidemiology of the disease. It took a year of research in the ophthalmological area to realize that the patient’s symptoms were neurological, and this delay in diagnosis may have allowed complete blindness in the left eye and progression with mild symptoms in the right eye. However, proper treatment led to significant improvement in symptoms. In conclusion, the article emphasizes the importance of early and assertive diagnosis, particularly in young patients, whose complaints are often neglected. The case study illustrates the consequences of delayed diagnosis and the need for a complete anamnesis and correct screening.

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Torquette, Sarah Louredo, Bruno Henrique Gonçalves Almada, Juliana Vieira Queiroz Almeida e Sérgio Augusto Vieira Cançado. "Case Report: High-grade glioma resection in the Broca area without functional loss". In XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.305.

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Context: The Broca’s (BA) and Wernicke’s Area (WA) are fundamental for the language function. Surgical interventions in proximal areas can cause functional deficits. The left brain (LB) contains BA and WA in 92.5-97% of the right-handed individuals and 2/3 of the left-handed. The mapping of these functional areas is done with functional magnetic resonance (fMRI), which identifies which cerebral hemisphere is responsible for to the language function. In slow-growing tumor lesions, there might be plasticity in these areas, which allows tumor resection with functional recovery. In high-grade tumors, growth is fast and there is usually no significant plasticity. This article aims to demonstrate that even in high-grade tumors, brain plasticity in language areas can occur. Case report: T.R.P., male, 20 years old, right-handed, with type-2 neurofibromatosis. Evaluated due to the epileptic seizure with a lesion suggestive of high-grade glioma (IV-WHO) affecting the lower frontal gyrus in magnetic resonance imaging. Results: Undergoing surgical resection with awake craniotomy for functional language mapping. Functional studies have shown that the anatomical area corresponding to BA had no function and was surgically removed. T.R.P. evolved without functional deficits and fMRI showed complete resection of the Broca’s area and the anatomo-pathological exam confirmed that the tumor was a high-grade Glioma (IV-WHO). Conclusions: Even in the presence of a fast-growing lesion, the possibility of brain plasticity in the language areas should be considered. When plasticity is found, complete resection of the tumor is possible using invasive brain mapping, which has a direct impact on prognosis and survival.

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Baghani, Ali, Reza Zahiri Azar, Septimiu Salcudean e Robert Rohling. "A Curl-Based Approach to Ultrasound Elastography". In ASME 2010 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2010-39180.

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The past two decades have witnessed the development of a new medical imaging modality: tissue elastography. The contrast in the images produced by an elastography system is based on the tissue elasticity, hence these images are called elastograms. Tissue elasticity is of clinical interest, because it is often correlated with pathology [1]. Different approaches to tissue elastography have emerged [2, 3]. In this article we report a tissue elastography system and its implementation on an ultrasound machine which provides consistent elastograms of a commercial quality assurance elastography phantom. The system uses our previously developed high frame rate sequencing and phase compensation techniques to measure axial and lateral motions at a typical frame rate of 1.25 kHz [4]. The system uses the curl of the displacements in a direct inversion algorithm to reconstruct elasticity. The most important benefit of this method is that the obtained elastograms are not dependent on the boundary conditions or the shape, size or position of the exciter, and as a result, the elastograms have fewer artifacts originating from these factors. The curl of the displacement has been used in magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) before, together with the direct inversion of the wave equation [5] and promising results have been obtained.

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Tatarinova, Elena A., Svetlana M. Sycheva, Tatiana V. Mezina, Ekaterina A. Khalimon e Danijela Cirić Lalić. "Gamification technologies in staff training of Russian and foreign companies". In Sustainable and Innovative Development in the Global Digital Age. Dela Press Publishing House, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56199/dpcsebm.hnvn9756.

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This article examines the feasibility and effectiveness of introducing gamification technologies into the educational process, which is the use of game mechanisms, principles and tools to solve real non-game problems and problems in various areas of public life. The conducted research is a meta-analysis of the current experience of gamification application, obtained from numerous international scientific studies, practical cases and reports of companies. The collected data show an important practical understanding of the application of gamification in the processes of planning and implementing projects, staff education and motivation, customer attraction and retention through loyalty programs. The influence of gamification technologies on the processes of cognition and learning is proved thanks to hardware studies of the brain activity of students during the game exercises using electroencephalography, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). As a result of the study of the effects of gamification in terms of improving productivity through perceptual learning, conclusions were made that formed the basis for a generalized list of opportunities for using gamification elements in companies. The study systematized the practical results presented by case studies of companies and educational literature, which considered the results of the application of gamification as mostly positive.

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Pontes, Maria Cibele Lima, Vinícius Romeu Beserra Diógenes, Natália Carolina Medeiros do Nascimento Rodrigues, Ellen de Fátima Lima Vasconcelos, Maria Carolina Othon de Queiroz, Adrielle de Paula Miranda, Beatriz Ferreira Pereira Pacheco e Katiane Fernandes Nóbrega. "Neural factors that define religiosity: neurophysiological distinction between the individual with religious and non-religious beliefs". In XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.694.

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Introduction: Religiosity and mystical experiences accompany society throughout history, integrating its identity formation. Neuroscience unveils neural correlations, maps the areas involved and activity patterns, and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is applied to detect variations in activation of neural activity. Objectives: Thus, the objective is to understand the neurophysiological differences between individuals who experience religiosity and the mystical experiences of those without, through the fMRI. Methods: This literature review, collected data in April/2021 on Medline, Pubmed and Science Direct. The descriptors used, after consulting the MeSH, consisted of “neural correlates of religious”, “mystical experience” and “functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)”. Were found 227 articles, after applying the exclusion criteria and fully reading of the abstract, the sample included 6 articles in English, from the last 10 years, available in full text, 2 Medline, 3 Pubmed and 1 Science Direct. Results: The consensus was reached that religiosity can be grounded by neural factors, by applying fMRI to identify patterns of activation of brain regions during mystical experience, although one of the articles refutes these relationships. Correlations are cited by regions: frontal and temporal - emphasis on the dorsolateral and medial/superior prefrontal cortex and bilateral lower parietal lobes, as promoters or impeders of the religious profile in individuals, due to the negative regulation due to lack of excitement, injuries or structural changes. Conclusions: It is concluded that the neurophysiological findings were able to detect patterns that can serve as eligibility criteria between believing and non- believing individuals, which makes their subsequent application feasible for better clarification and neural distinction.

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