Articoli di riviste: "Machinery"

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Smolyak, S. A. "The Poisson process of machinery degradation: Application to valuation". Journal of the New Economic Association 48, n. 4 (2020): 63–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.31737/2221-2264-2020-48-4-3.

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The machinery degradation process is described by a random process in which failures occur with constant intensity, and with each failure the rate of benefits generated by the machinery item reduces by a random amount. If the machinery item begins to generate negative benefits, it is subject to decommissioning. We get explicit expressions for the average life of the machinery items and the coefficient of variation of the service life. Machine’s value is determined by discounting the flow of benefits from its future use. This allows to link this value with the rate of benefits that the machinery item brings. In cases where there is no information on the amount of such benefits, appraisers rely on the machine’s age. However, different machinery items of the same age may be found in a different condition and therefore are characterized by different values. We offer formulas for calculating the percent good factors reflecting the average decrease in the equipment’s value with age. To take into account the effects of income tax, property tax and inflation, it suffices to adjust the discount rate in the constructed model. It has been verified that the proposed dependencies are in a fairly good agreement with market price data for two different types of construction equipment.

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Akram, Muhammad Waqar, Nida Akram, Hongshu Wang, Shahla Andleeb, Khalil Ur Rehman, Umair Kashif e Syed Farhaan Hassan. "Socioeconomics Determinants to Adopt Agricultural Machinery for Sustainable Organic Farming in Pakistan: A Multinomial Probit Model". Sustainability 12, n. 23 (24 novembre 2020): 9806. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12239806.

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Urbanization and low productivity are real threats to the sustainability of organic farming. The adoption of farm machinery plays a vital role in overcoming these threats to ensure a sustainable and more profitable organic farming model. Farm machinery can also increase farmland yield and reduce the need for labor, although the requirement of significant capital investment often prevents small farmers from buying machinery. There is an increased need to comprehend all relevant elements associated with farming machinery procurement and service delivery. In this article, we provide insight into the impact of different variables of farmers on the adoption of agricultural equipment. A total of 301 organic farmers were surveyed in three districts of Punjab, Pakistan. It was found that the most common machinery concerned herein are tube-well/pumps, tractors, tillage machinery, and thrashers/harvesters. Results from a multinomial probit estimation showed that farm machinery ownership is positively correlated with capital assets, civil infrastructure, alternative sources of power, and credit facility. The findings indicated that policymakers and stakeholders should not concentrate merely on short term planning, such as improving agricultural machinery’s adoption rate. Still, they should also strive to upgrade physical infrastructure and facilities and provide credit services to create an enabling environment that can empower the citizen in adopting large scale use of agricultural machinery for long term sustainability of organic farming.

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Liao, W. Z., e Y. Wang. "Dynamic Predictive Maintenance Model Based on Data-Driven Machinery Prognostics Approach". Applied Mechanics and Materials 143-144 (dicembre 2011): 901–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.143-144.901.

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As an increasing number of manufacturers realize the importance of adopting new maintenance technologies to enable systems to achieve near-zero downtime, machinery prognostics which enables this paradigm shift from traditional fail-and-fix maintenance to a predict-and-prevent paradigm has arose interests from researchers. Machine's condition and degradation estimated by machinery prognostics approach can be used to support predictive maintenance policy. This paper develops a novel data-driven machine prognostics approach to assess machine's health condition and predict machine degradation. With this prognostics information, a predictive maintenance model is constructed to decide machine's maintenance threshold and predictive maintenance cycles number. Through a case study, this predictive maintenance model is verified, and the computational results show that this proposed model is efficient and practical.

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Smolyak, Sergey A. "Valuation of Machines with a Random Service Life Based on the System of National Accounts – 2008". Economics of Contemporary Russia, n. 2 (5 luglio 2021): 40–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.33293/1609-1442-2021-2(93)-40-57.

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We propose a mathematical model describing the decrease in the market value of machines (depreciation) with age in a situation where its service life is random and has a Weibull distribution. We measure the depreciation of a used machinery item using a goodness factor, that is, the ratio of its value to the value of a similar new machinery item. The model is based on the principle of anticipation of benefits adopted in the valuation theory and the discounting cash flows method. The model takes into account that machine’s technical and economic characteristics deteriorate with age and its benefits are reduced according to the hyperbolic dependence adopted in the system of national accounts SNA‑2008. We have built the dependences of average machine's goodness factor on its relative age (the ratio of the actual age to the average service life). Calculations show that the discount rate and average service life have little effect on these dependencies. This made it possible to divide the machines into three categories and propose for each of them its own dependence of the goodness factor on the relative age, which is convenient for practical use in appraisal activities.

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Wang, Li, Yi Qi Zhou e Zhen Hua Wang. "CFD Research on Aerodynamic Performance of Complicated Resistance Muffler". Applied Mechanics and Materials 34-35 (ottobre 2010): 1274–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.34-35.1274.

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In this paper, a complicated resistance muffler was designed for a construction machinery. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method with three dimension models was used to explore the aerodynamic performance of the muffler. With this method the pressure distribution in the muffler is simulated and the pressure loss is predicted for the structure modification. The experiment results verify that the assembly performance of the muffler modified is better than the original muffler. The pressure loss and the insert loss of the improved muffler meet the design specifications and standards of the construction machinary. The integrated performance of the construction machinery has been advanced.

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MU, Hongyun, Yanlei LUO e Yu LUO. "Electro-Hydraulic Load-Sensitive Simulation Study of Walking Hy-draulic System of Electric Agricultural Machinery". Mechanics 28, n. 6 (5 dicembre 2022): 481–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j02.mech.31470.

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The conventional load-sensitive hydraulic drive chassis system for agricultural machinery uses a combination of engine and load-sensitive pump, which cannot adjust the control strategy according to the working conditions. It does not meet the current trend of energy-saving and emission reduction. To this end, an electro-hydraulic load-sensitive hydraulic drive chassis system for agricultural machinery, which uses a combination of permanent magnet synchronous motor and quantitative pump, is proposed. A variable LS differential pressure control and a variable differential pressure control of the pressure compensation valve to improve agricultural machinery's working performance are proposed. AMESim is used to establish the system simulation model to obtain the system composite motion, variable LS differential pressure control, and variable pressure differential control of the pressure compensation valve performance. The simulation results show that the system achieves the essential functions of a conventional load-sensitive system. The variable LS differential pressure control and the variable pressure differential control of the pressure compensation valve are feasible. They can effectively improve the performance of agricultural machinery to adapt to working conditions. It can effectively reduce the system energy consumption and provide a theoretical basis for the intellectualization of electric agricultural machinery.

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Polishchuk, Viktor, e Timur Valiev. "Study of the anaerobic destruction of post-alcohol distillery waste by mateen". Naukovij žurnal «Tehnìka ta energetika» 14, n. 2 (31 marzo 2023): 60–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.31548/machinery/2.2023.60.

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Post-alcohol distillery waste is an environmental pollutant, which determined the relevance of its disposal. One of the ways to utilise post-alcohol distillery waste is through its anaerobic methane destruction in biogas plants. The research aims to determine the optimal amount of post-alcohol distillery wastes to be added to the substrate to achieve maximum biomethane yield. The research was conducted on a laboratory biogas plant consisting of a 30-litre digester and a gas holder in a mesophilic mode at a substrate temperature of 40°C with a periodic substrate loading mode. It was found that the highest biogas yield of 5.369 l/(h×kg DOM) was obtained by anaerobic methane mono-degradation of post-alcohol distillery waste. However, the methane content in the biogas is in the range of 48-52%. During the anaerobic methane destruction of a mixture of post-alcohol distillery waste with cow manure, the methane content in biogas increases to 70-76%, but the biogas yield is lower and is 4.577 l/(h×kg DOM) at 36% post-alcohol distillery waste content in the substrate, 3.294 l/(h×kg DOM) at 27%, 2.960 l/(h×kg DOM) at 18%, 1.538 l/(h×kg DOM) at 9%. The optimum content of post-alcohol distillery waste in the substrate, at which the biomethane yield will be maximum (3.821 l/(h×kg DOM)), is 46.7% of the substrate content and 100% of the organic part of the substrate. The results of this study can be used in planning the composition of the substrate of biogas plants and designing and building new biogas plants near distilleries

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Nykyforova, Larysa, Nikolay Kiktev, Taras Lendiel, Sergey Pavlov e Pavel Mazurchuk. "Computer-integrated control system for electrophysical methods of increasing plant productivity". Naukovij žurnal «Tehnìka ta energetika» 14, n. 2 (2 aprile 2023): 34–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.31548/machinery/2.2023.34.

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Сhervinsky, Leonid, Oleksandr Savoiskyi e Viktor Sirenko. "The influence of ultrasonic processing on the structure and electrophysical properties of fruit in combined drying". Naukovij žurnal «Tehnìka ta energetika» 14, n. 2 (3 aprile 2023): 70–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.31548/machinery/2.2023.70.

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The intensification of ultrasonic vibrations for the processing of agricultural products is becoming increasingly important in the food industry, as it can reduce energy consumption for the dehydration of raw materials. The research aims to study the effect of sonication on the change of electrophysical parameters and structure of apple raw materials in the process of combined drying using direct electric heating. Using scanning electron microscopy, images of the surface structure of dried apple samples were obtained at different combinations of sonication duration and methods of heat supply to the raw material during the drying process. Based on the experimental studies, the dependences of the current flowing through the sample in the process of combined drying using direct electric heating on the duration of raw material processing in an ultrasonic bath were obtained. The influence of preliminary sonication on the maximum values of the current strength during direct electric heating was determined. The dependences of changes in the resistivity of apple samples during dehydration at different pretreatment durations were investigated. The effect of ultrasound on the initial resistivity of apples, the duration of electro-plasmolysis, and the resistivity values at which the maximum values of the direct electric heating current are observed were determined. The results of the experiments show that the pretreatment of raw materials in an ultrasonic bath can reduce the peak current values by up to 27%. The initial values of the resistivity of the raw material after sonication are reduced by 7.8-13.8% compared to the control samples. The obtained images of the dried fruit surfaces showed an increase in the porosity and roughness of the samples. The obtained results of experimental studies can become a prerequisite for the development of an energy-efficient technical means of ultrasonic processing of fruit and vegetable raw materials before drying and the selection of optimal operating modes

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Mudryk, Krzysztof, Taras Hutsol, Mykola Zablodskiy, Dmytro Sorokin e Serhii Usenko. "A study of electrothermomechanical converter for technological purposes with nonlinear changes in the loading and cooling medium". Naukovij žurnal «Tehnìka ta energetika» 14, n. 2 (22 marzo 2023): 9–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.31548/machinery/2.2023.09.

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Heavy temperature processes with high-temperature loads require optimisation of technological processes, ensuring high reliability and combining rotating parts of electric machines with actuators to achieve greater efficiency of electromechanical converters. The research aims to provide a theoretical justification and experimental confirmation of the effect of higher harmonics in the air gap under nonlinear changes in the temperature of the medium. The research is based on the basic principles of electrodynamics, heat and mass transfer, mathematical modelling by the finite element method, and experimental verification of multi-physical parameters. Based on the analysis of the differential equation for determining the increase in the surface temperature of a ferromagnetic rotor under conditions of nonlinear temperature changes in the environment surrounding the electromechanical converter, the regularities of the formation of the free and forced components of the instantaneous temperature values of the massive rotor are established. Depending on the mode of interaction between the load-cooling medium and the electromechanical part of the screw units, kinematic diagrams of single-mass and two-mass systems with variable or constant moments of inertia and stiffness were formed. According to the size of the electromagnetic system of the experimental sample, a mathematical model for studying thermal and electromagnetic processes was built. The regularities of the spatial distribution of the temperature of the screw electromechanical unit are determined. The spectra of higher harmonics of voltage and current in the frequency range from 0 to 50 kHz have been experimentally determined, which confirms the presence of the effect of generating higher harmonics when the temperature of the medium surrounding the rotor screw changes. The detected harmonic spectrum affects both the formation of the dynamics of the rotating system and additional thermal power while increasing the overall efficiency of the screw electromechanical converter. The practical value of the obtained results lies in the possibility of predicting the optimal indicators of interrelated electromagnetic and heat exchange processes in screw electromechanical converters for technological purposes

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Pasichnik, Natalia, Oleksiy Opryshko, Sergey Shvorov, Alla Dudnyk e Viktor Teplyuk. "Remote field monitoring results feasibility assessment for energy crops yield management". Naukovij žurnal «Tehnìka ta energetika» 14, n. 2 (21 marzo 2023): 46–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.31548/machinery/2.2023.46.

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Most vegetation indices for UAV data analysis are developed for low-resolution satellite platforms, which requires the use of other monitoring methods and agrochemical measures to accurately determine the state of plantations, considering different stages of vegetation and spectral characteristics. The research aims to develop a methodology for assessing the suitability of remote sensing spectral data for energy crop nutrition management. The study was conducted using winter crops, including wheat and rapeseed. The results for winter wheat for the period from 2017 to 2020 were analysed. Stresses associated with nutrient deficiencies were studied in the fields of long-term stationary experiments at the National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine. The results obtained from the Slantrange sensor and Slantview software were used. The studies confirmed that the pixel distribution in images of plantations (wheat and winter rape) can be described by a Gaussian distribution. The coefficient of determination for wheat was higher than for rape due to the peculiarities of the plant leaf structure. For rapeseed, a higher coefficient of determination was found for the lognormal distribution, which is not convenient for automating fertilisation processes in precision farming technologies. The analysis of the distribution by spectral channels, in particular the presence of several maxima, may indicate the presence of foreign inclusions or transitional stages of vegetation, which makes such data unsuitable for crop management. It has been established that if, after soil filtration, the maximum amplitude of the distribution exceeds the nearest one by more than 3 times, the growing season can be considered stable for a particular area, and the results of spectral monitoring are reliable for further analysis It has been confirmed that the vegetation indices GNDVI and RNDVI are not effective for assessing the reliability of data based on the standard deviation of the distribution. Reference values of the standard deviation of the distribution can be established at research stations with controlled stress factors, which will help in crop management

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Kaplun, Viktor, Oleksandr Gai, Petro Stetsyuk e Andrii Ivlichev. "Provision of optimal dispatching scenarios for regional power systems in the face of uncontrollable power shortages". Naukovij žurnal «Tehnìka ta energetika» 14, n. 2 (3 aprile 2023): 23–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.31548/machinery/2.2023.23.

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As of 2023, substantiation of the criteria for optimal load balancing of territorial energy islands in the face of uncontrolled power shortages due to unpredictable failure (destruction as a result of military bombardment) of the upper (trunk) level energy infrastructure is relevant. The research aims to substantiate approaches to ensuring the controlled operation of regional power systems under conditions of power shortages. The study applied the theory and methods of mathematical analysis of complex multicomponent systems in the form of mixed Boolean linear programming. A Mathematical Programming Language and modelling methods of the NEOS server based on the Gurobi solver were used to describe the modes of operation of power grids. A proportional power distribution method between load nodes of the post-emergency network configuration was used to determine the direction of electricity transit with the least losses. An algorithm and a program for solving the problem of addressing flows and power losses in multi-node regional power systems are proposed. The optimisation problem is formulated in the form of a mixed Boolean linear programming model with the criterion of minimising the power momentum, considering balance constraints and upper limits on the power between supply and load nodes. The developed transport matrix made it possible to find the optimal power distribution for emergency and post-emergency modes according to the criterion of minimum network losses. Algorithms and scenarios for the response of dispatching services were formed, considering the capacity of power grids and determining temporary power supply schemes, the configuration of which will ensure the “survivability” of energy islands. The levels of efficiency of the Boolean linear programming model associated with the connectivity of the cycles of the transport problem and the order of traversal of its vertices for test examples depending on the constraints imposed on the components of the network structure are established. The process of tracking electricity flows will allow for establishing routes connecting specific electricity supply nodes with load nodes and determining their shares in covering the energy island’s demand under conditions of power shortage

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Boyko, Volodymyr, Vitalii Chornii, Serhii Nedilko e Kateryna Terebilenko. "Luminescent converters based on nanocellulose + K3Tb(PO4)2:Eu composite films". Naukovij žurnal «Tehnìka ta energetika» 14, n. 2 (7 aprile 2023): 80–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.31548/machinery/2.2023.80.

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The advantages of cellulose and its derivatives as the latest materials for devices that generate, store, and convert electricity are their low cost, environmental friendliness, ease of recycling and the ability to be manufactured in various ways and from various raw materials, including agricultural waste. This predetermines the relevance of their study as materials for modern technology and electronics. The research aims to determine the luminescent characteristics of composite films made based on nanocellulose and polycrystalline oxide K3Tb0.9Eu0.1(PO4)2. Optical microscopy and the spectral-luminescence method were used to characterise the films and their initial components. It was found that crystallites with an average size of about 50mm are distributed quite evenly in the film “nanocellulose+K3Tb0.9Eu0.1(PO4)2”. A Raman scattering band with a maximum of 564 nm under laser excitation at 473 nm was observed for the investigated samples in the form of suspensions. The intensity of photoluminescence of nanocellulose in suspension and films is low compared to the luminescence of oxide as a filler. The luminescence of Eu3+ ions is intense in the red region of the spectrum. The calculated values of the degree of asymmetry indicate low symmetry of the positions occupied by europium ions in the oxide and the contribution of Tb3+ ion emission to the overall spectrum of the composite film. The study results show that the luminescence of Eu3+ ions is sensitised by Tb3+ ions, which absorb the excitation light and then transfer energy to europium ions. The position of the absorption bands of Eu3+ and Tb3+ ions in the ultraviolet region of the spectrum and the intense emission of Eu3+ in the red region indicates the prospects of using nanocellulose+ K3Tb0.9Eu0.1(PO4)2 films to improve the efficiency of solar panels. Testing of the films under the excitation of luminescence by ultraviolet radiation of an LED (λex=375 nm) showed the possibility of developing white LEDs on their basis. In particular, the chromaticity coordinates of the uncoated LED were (x=0.214; y=0.079), and the use of a film composite as a coating causes a shift in the coordinates to the red region: x=0.304, y=0.196. The obtained results on the morphology and luminescent properties can be used to optimise the composition and manufacturing conditions of composite films of the following types “nanocellulose+K3Tb0.9Eu0.1(PO4)2” for use as fluorescent converters in LEDs or solar panels

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Bandura, Irina, Mykola Romaniuk, Nataliya Komenda, Andrii Hadai e Vladyslav Volynets. "Optimisation of energy solutions: Alternative energy, reactive power compensation, and energy efficiency management". Naukovij žurnal «Tehnìka ta energetika» 14, n. 4 (27 settembre 2023): 121–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.31548/machinery/4.2023.121.

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The relevance of the problem under study is determined by the need to create a sustainable, efficient and environmentally safe energy complex. The growth of the world population, industrial development, and overall energy demand endanger the provision of society’s energy needs, making the need for research urgent at the present time. The purpose of the study is to examine optimal energy optimisation strategies, including alternative energy, compensation of reactive power, and energy efficiency management, to ensure the stable and efficient functioning of the energy complex. Among the methods used, analytical, classification, functional, statistical, and synthesis methods were applied. In investigating the optimisation of energy solutions, a thorough analysis of various aspects of alternative energy, reactive power compensation, and energy efficiency management was conducted. This analysis encompassed various aspects and parameters related to these areas, including technical, economic, and environmental indicators. As a result of the study, it was established that alternative energy has significant potential for ensuring sustainable development of the energy system. It can serve as a reliable source of energy that does not harm the environment and is not dependent on limited resources. In addition, reactive power compensation was recognised as an effective way to avoid energy losses in the system. This strategy helps to ensure more efficient energy use and reduce losses during transmission and distribution. Energy efficiency management also proved to be a key aspect in achieving energy supply sustainability. This allows optimising resource utilisation, reducing energy costs, and mitigating the negative impact on the environment. The practical value of the study lies in the development of innovative recommendations and strategies for energy optimisation, which will contribute to the creation of a stable, efficient, and environmentally safe energy complex and enhance its compliance with current and future challenges, making a considerable contribution to the development of science and the energy sector

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Chuenko, Roman, Viktor Kaplun, Svitlana Makarevych e Oleksandr Sytnyk. "Asynchronous generator replacement scheme with internal capacitive reactive power compensation". Naukovij žurnal «Tehnìka ta energetika» 14, n. 4 (1 novembre 2023): 54–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.31548/machinery/4.2023.54.

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The relevance of using compensated induction machines in the generator mode of autonomous power supply systems is determined by their ability to provide a stable and reliable power supply even in the absence of an external grid. The research aims to develop a procedure for determining the characteristics of an equivalent circuit of compensated induction generators that considers the mutual influence between the main and additional phase windings of the armature. The theory of an idealised induction machine with the representation of electromechanical energy conversion processes and basic physical parameters in the form of equations of electrical equilibrium and drive motion was used to obtain the calculated characteristics of the generator’s operating modes of this class. The generalised system of differential equations made it possible to calculate dynamic and static processes for symmetrical and asymmetrical modes at given machine parameters under different methods of excitation and voltage stabilisation under variable load. For the practical implementation of modelling the parameters of an induction generator, the equations of electrical equilibrium of the stator and rotor circuits for the symmetrical steady-state mode are used, which is a special case of the generalised mathematical model of the machine for both transient and steady-state processes with constant parameters of the substitution scheme. Consideration of the structural and functional features of compensated induction generators was made possible by using a mathematical model with the armature winding divided into two coaxial or spatially offset half-windings. In this case, the number of calculation equations doubles. The use of an autotransformer scheme for switching on the stator phase half-windings to capacitors required the introduction of an additional differential equation for the electrical equilibrium of the stator phases. This made it possible to substantiate the values of active and inductive resistances used in the replacement circuit of an induction generator with internal capacitive reactive power compensation. The mutual inductive coupling of the main and additional half-windings of the generator stator phase windings due to both the operating magnetic flux and the magnetic fluxes of dissipation was considered. The practical significance of the obtained results is to increase the efficiency and stability of the power supply, which helps to reduce losses and improve the operation of electric power systems

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Malogulko, Juliya, Olena Sikorska, Vira Teptia, Kateryna Povstianko e Natalia Ostra. "Research and analysis of new generation nuclear reactors in the world". Naukovij žurnal «Tehnìka ta energetika» 14, n. 4 (2 ottobre 2023): 86–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.31548/machinery/4.2023.86.

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The research of new nuclear reactors is gaining urgent importance worldwide due to the need for continuous improvement of technologies to ensure safety, efficiency, and emissions reduction. This is crucial in the context of climate change and rapid technological development, which demand constant updating and improvement of nuclear energy. The objective of the study was to analyse next-generation reactors worldwide and identify their advantages and potential prospects for the future. The research utilized statistical, comparative, and analytical methods. The results of the analysis considered contemporary technological and safety parameters related to the operation of such reactors, including their ability to optimize fuel usage, enhance operational safety, and effectively manage radioactive waste. As a result of the study, fourth-generation nuclear reactors were analysed, including fast neutron reactors using gas cooling, very high-temperature reactors, reactors using sodium as a coolant, fast neutron reactors with lead cooling, reactors where the reaction occurs in molten salt, and supercritical water-cooled reactors. Each of these reactors has its unique features that make them distinctive in their application. For example, gas-cooled reactors have high productivity due to their ability to achieve high temperatures without significant pressure. On the other hand, molten salt reactors offer flexibility in using different types of fuel, including spent fuel, and can help reduce the level of radioactive waste through the use of special materials. During the analysis, it was noted that fourth-generation reactors, using various cooling and reaction-slowing technologies, are characterized by high efficiency, low accident risk, and the ability to produce stable electricity. Improved methods of reaction control open up new possibilities for the efficient production of electricity and increased safety in nuclear energy. The practical significance of the research lies in the opportunity to enhance modern electricity production technologies and ensure greater safety and efficiency in the field of nuclear energy

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Deryaev, Annaguly. "Dual completion operation technology for two gas condensate reservoirs with production lifting by one column of pumping and compressor pipes". Naukovij žurnal «Tehnìka ta energetika» 14, n. 4 (25 settembre 2023): 33–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.31548/machinery/4.2023.33.

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In the context of the active development of gas condensate fields with several reservoirs in the Gogrendag-Ekerem Upland (Korpedje, South Gamyshlja), the study of its technologies is an important area of work. The study aims to optimise the technology of simultaneously separating two gas condensate reservoirs by lifting products with one tubing string to increase hydrocarbon production efficiency. The methods used include the analytical method, functional method, statistical method, synthesis method, and others. In the course of the study, an innovative methodology was developed for the dual completion operation (DCO) of two gas condensate reservoirs, which involves lifting products with a single tubing string. The key element is the refinement of the calculations made. A detailed analysis of the equipment used in the Gogrendag-Ekerem area showed that it can also be effectively used in other regional fields, ensuring the proper functioning of each element above the packer level. At the same time, it is necessary to pay attention to the various individual characteristics of the field to achieve a truly effective configuration of this technology. The new technology incorporates optimised pressure, flow, and control parameters for each reservoir, resulting in increased production efficiency and reduced energy costs. A significant reduction in the negative impact on the environment and an increase in the overall sustainability of the production process have been identified. These features make the proposed technology an important contribution to the development of the oil and gas industry, contributing to more efficient and environmentally sustainable hydrocarbon production and highlighting its potential for application in modern field development. The practical significance of the research lies in the creation of a more efficient and sustainable hydrocarbon production technology, which not only helps to optimise production processes and reduce environmental impact but also provides the industry with a valuable tool to improve overall energy efficiency and sustainability in the face of ever-changing energy requirements and challenges

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Lysenko, Vitaly, Taras Lendiel, Ihor Bolbot e Sergiy Pavlov. "Mobile system for monitoring plant environment parameters for biogas production". Naukovij žurnal «Tehnìka ta energetika» 14, n. 4 (11 ottobre 2023): 111–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.31548/machinery/4.2023.111.

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The main sources of biomass for biogas units can be organic waste, grain, hay, manure, various plant materials, etc. Anaerobic digestion, which consists of a series of complex biological reactions, is a challenging process that requires detailed parameter control to prevent possible losses and to make best use of the material. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to consider the possibility of developing a mobile unit for monitoring the parameters of the plant environment during biogas production with the possibility of storing data and using them in the construction of a mathematical model for predicting gas yield. The algorithm was created based on the principles of fuzzy logic and the structure of neural networks. The architecture of a mobile system for monitoring plant environment parameters for biogas production was proposed. The developed circuit diagram of such a system was presented. The system’s operation was presented in the form of a created algorithm for searching and identifying connected devices on the 1-Wire bus. This bus is used to poll sensors and measure process parameters. Software was developed for interfacing several types of sensors, transferring and saving data to the cloud storage with the subsequent possibility of processing it. The biomass can be photographed using the built-in camera. Using the principle of Internet of Things technology, remote access to measured data is provided. The measured process parameters and photos are transferred to the control system server for further analysis, which will allow for a more accurate assessment of the biomass preparation process for fermentation. The obtained results allow improving the control and decision support systems for biomass loading into a biogas unit

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Kutsenko, Anastasiia, e Oleksii Kutsenko. "The gradual removal of Hertz pressure from the surface of elastic half-space". Naukovij žurnal «Tehnìka ta energetika» 14, n. 4 (22 settembre 2023): 64–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.31548/machinery/4.2023.64.

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Contact stress determination in non-stationary dynamic loading of elastic bodies is crucial for modelling structures at high speeds, but it presents mathematical challenges due to the time-dependent and often unknown contact area size and shape. The study aims to obtain an energy remainder estimation that forms waves during the contact interaction of elastic bodies, based on the exact solutions of non-stationary problems for an elastic half-space. For this purpose, the problem of the instantaneous loading half-space as an additional research problem was reconstructed using the Hankel transform concerning a radial coordinate and the Laplace transform concerning a time variable. The method of derivation of the displacements at an elastic half-space loaded (unloaded) gradually by Hertz's contact pressure has been proposed. Its availability made it possible to pass to the solution of the main problem – the problem of gradual loading of the half-space surface by Hertz pressure. The possibility of changing of the order of differentiation and integration operations in the obtained representation is substantiated based on the integrand properties. The cases when the speed of the indenter was constant when its motion was uniformly accelerated and when the motion corresponded to the law of the first quarter of the cosine period in the time were considered. It was concluded that the distribution of dynamic contact stresses is similar to the Hertz distribution. An estimation of the part of the energy spent on the formation of elastic waves was made for various laws of unloading. The practical significance of this study lies in its development of an effective method for calculating normal displacements on a loading area in dynamic contact interactions of elastic bodies, which can be valuable for modelling structures at high speeds

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20

Khotsianivskyi, Volodymyr, e Victor Sineglazov. "Robotic manipulator motion planning method development using neural network-based intelligent system". Naukovij žurnal «Tehnìka ta energetika» 14, n. 4 (5 ottobre 2023): 131–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.31548/machinery/4.2023.131.

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The research relevance is determined by the constant development of industry and the use of robotic manipulators in production processes. The study aims to develop an approach to planning the trajectory of a manipulator robot using an intelligent system based on neural networks. An analysis method, as well as special methods such as design, machine learning, integration strategies, and optimisation techniques, were used to achieve this goal. The main results of the study cover a wide range of achievements in the development of methods for planning the motion of robotic manipulators and their integration into real production conditions. The analysis of existing methods for planning the motion of robotic manipulators and a review of intelligent control systems provided a comprehensive picture of the current state of the art. The developed methods of robot manipulator trajectory identified effective control strategies that consider both dynamic and static scenarios. Training a neural network to plan the optimal path of movement made it possible to detect, track and avoid obstacles in real-time. Hierarchical path planning, adaptive neural network control, genetic algorithms for path optimisation, and dynamic prediction for obstacle avoidance were used to integrate the developed methods into a real production environment. The optimisation and improvement of the created approaches have shown positive results in improving the safety and performance of robotic manipulators, reducing the risk of collisions, and avoiding damage to robots. In addition, the implementation of hierarchical trajectory planning and adaptive neural network control contributed to a significant increase in the accuracy and stability of manipulator movements in various production process scenarios. The practical significance of the study is to develop an intelligent control system and methods for planning the movement of robotic manipulators, which contributes to the efficiency and safety of their operation in real production conditions

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21

Loveikin, Viatcheslav, Yuriy Romasevych e Ivan Kadykalo. "Dynamic analysis of the joint movement of the hoisting and slewing mechanisms of a boom crane". Naukovij žurnal «Tehnìka ta energetika» 14, n. 4 (29 settembre 2023): 75–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.31548/machinery/4.2023.75.

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To increase the productivity of boom cranes, the operation of individual mechanisms is combined. At the same time, dynamic loads on structural elements, drive mechanisms and loads on a flexible suspension increase, which reduces the reliability of crane operation and increases energy losses. Therefore, the research aims to consider the problem of the dynamics of the joint movement of the mechanisms for load slewing and hoisting of a boom crane. To study the dynamics of the joint movement of the mechanisms, the boom system was represented by a mechanical system with 6DOF, where the basic movement of the mechanisms and the oscillatory movement of the structural links with elastic and dissipative properties, as well as the load on a flexible suspension in the plane of crane slewing and hoisting were considered. For such a mechanical system of a crane, the differential equations of the joint motion of the crane slewing and hoisting mechanisms were developed. The obtained equations are a system of the second order nonlinear differential equations, for solving which a numerical method in the form of a computer program was used. Using the developed program, the dynamics of the joint movement of the mechanisms of a jib crane with specific numerical parameters were calculated. Based on the calculations, a dynamic analysis of the joint movement of the mechanisms for slewing and hoisting the load of a jib crane with a hoisting boom was carried out, which revealed high-frequency vibrations of links with elastic and dissipative properties, as well as low-frequency oscillations of the load on a flexible suspension. The greatest impact of oscillations is observed during the start-up of mechanisms, where high-frequency oscillations dampen during the transient process, and low-frequency oscillations dampen over a fairly significant period. To improve the dynamic properties of the mechanisms for turning and hoisting a load during their joint movement, it is proposed to optimise the mode of movement in the areas of transient processes (start-up, braking). The research results can be used in the development and operation of cranes in mechanical engineering, construction, and other industries

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22

Budzanivskyi, Myroslav. "Development of the theory of root crop head cleaner movement in the longitudinal-vertical plane mounted behind a wheeled tractor". Naukovij žurnal «Tehnìka ta energetika» 14, n. 4 (2 novembre 2023): 9–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.31548/machinery/4.2023.09.

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The relevance of developing analytical methods for studying the stability of root crop cleaners on tractors is determined by the need to improve the efficiency and quality of root crop head cleaning, as this affects the quality of the final product and its marketable properties. The research aims to increase the stability of the cleaner movement by constructing a mathematical model of its oscillatory motion in the longitudinal-vertical plane and its numerical solution to determine the influence of parameters in response to external disturbances. To achieve this goal, a new theory of the movement of a root crop head cleaner in the longitudinal-vertical plane, mounted behind a wheeled tractor, under the influence of the disturbing effect of irregularities in the longitudinal profile of the soil surface on the amplitude and phase frequency characteristics of its angular oscillations was developed. Using numerical calculations carried out on a personal computer, the conditions were found under which the stability of the cleaner’s movement in the specified plane will increase when the stiffness coefficient of the pneumatic tyres of the doubler wheels is 315 kN×m–1. This result is achieved when the pressure in the pneumatic wheel tyres is 135 kPa. As for the damping characteristics of the doubler wheel tyres, which are determined by the coefficient μ, it was found that when it changes from 350 N×s×m–1 to 1350 N×s×m–1, there is an invariance of the delay in the reaction of the cleaner to the disturbing effect when its frequencies change from 0 to 24 s–1. It was also found that the influence of the geometric dimensions of the cleaner is insignificant in the range of frequencies of oscillations of the ordinates of the longitudinal profile of soil surface irregularities from 0 to 24 s–1. This follows from the nature of changes in the obtained amplitude-frequency and phase-frequency characteristics. The methodology for constructing a mathematical model of the plane-parallel oscillatory motion of the cleaner can be used in similar analytical studies of other agricultural machines mounted on a wheeled aggregating tractor

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23

Nоvitskiy, Andriy, Oleksandr Banniy, Yuri Novitskyi e Maxim Antal. "A study of mixer-feeder equipment operational reliability". Naukovij žurnal «Tehnìka ta energetika» 14, n. 4 (3 novembre 2023): 101–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.31548/machinery/4.2023.101.

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Modern livestock development trends in the agricultural production structure include the use of feed mixers and distribution equipment. However, a stream of malfunctions and failures is reported for mixer-feeders due to factors that are specific to agricultural enterprises in Ukraine, which reduce the operational reliability of feed mixers and distributors. The study aims to evaluate the quantitative indicators of the in-service reliability of mixer-feeders and develop methods to improve them. The reliability test plan [NMT] was used, which implies a certain number of research objects (N), objects undergoing repair in case of performance loss (M), and tests terminated when the operating time (T) is reached. Initial information was collected and processed, and empirical data on the time between failures of KUHN PROFILE 12.2 DS and PROFILE 14.2 DS mixer-feeders in Ukraine were analysed. The analysis established that the faulty condition of mixers-feeders in the initial operation period is caused by the second complexity group failures. Failures related to the loss of the grinding and mixing mechanism, which limits the average time between failures of the feed mixture and distribution equipment, were identified among the second complexity malfunction group. A statistical analysis of the mixer-feeder failure occurrence was carried out. The failure probability of the grinding-mixing mechanism of the feed mixer was determined to be within the normal distribution law. The main parameters of the given theoretical distribution law were determined by calculation results. The calculations determined that the average time between failures is 3152.0 motor-hours; the standard deviation is 902.6 motor-hours; and the coefficient of variation is 0.40. An average time between failures of the study objects was proved to be consistent with the normal distribution law following Kolmogorov’s agreement criterion. Calculations determined that the average reliability index value, according to the normal distribution law, is within the confidence intervals: 1964.2 motor-hours – lower confidence limit; 4339.8 motor-hours – upper confidence limit. The obtained results may be used to improve the mixer-feeder operational reliability

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24

Belytskyi, Dmytro, Ruslan Yermolenko, Kostiantyn Petrenko e Olga Gogota. "Application of machine learning and computer vision methods to determine the size of NPP equipment elements in difficult measurement conditions". Naukovij žurnal «Tehnìka ta energetika» 14, n. 4 (9 ottobre 2023): 42–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.31548/machinery/4.2023.42.

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The research relevance is determined by the need to improve the processes of measurement of objects size in hard-to-reach conditions. In the modern industrial environment, where high measurement accuracy is critical for ensuring safety and maximizing the efficiency of production processes, the study of this topic is relevant in the context of rapid technological development and increased requirements for production quality. The study aims to evaluate the possibilities of using modern computer vision methods for measuring and reconstructing objects in difficult technical conditions, such as the enclosure of a water-water power reactor. The study employed 3D photogrammetry methods, including Depth from Stereo and Multi-View Stereo, as well as Structure from Motion methods. The study determined that modern computer vision methods, in particular machine learning methods, can be successfully used for measuring and reconstructing objects in hard-to-reach conditions. The study showed that the measurement accuracy can reach values close to 1 mm under ideal conditions and at a distance of 1.5 from the measuring device to the object. At the same time, the Multi-View Stereo method revealed greater uniformity of the spatial distribution of errors compared to the Depth from the Stereo method. In practice, in the conditions of real photos, the Multi-View Stereo method turned out to be more demanding to accurately determine the position of the camera. Due to its low demand for the exact coordinates of the cameras, the Depth from the Stereo method showed better results, showing less error in the measurements. The study highlighted the possibility of using the proposed method to distinguish fluctuations in the height of the surface of the object, which is important for further applications in the field of reactor maintenance and other areas of industry. The practical value of this research lies in the development and validation of methods for measuring and reconstructing objects in conditions where traditional methods become limited or impractical

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25

Volkov, Andrii, Mykhailo Brechka, Volodymyr Stadnichenko, Vitalii Yaroshchuk e Serhii Cherkashyn. "The protection of critical infrastructure facilities from air strikes due to compatible use of various forces and means". Naukovij žurnal «Tehnìka ta energetika» 14, n. 4 (17 ottobre 2023): 23–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.31548/machinery/4.2023.23.

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The relevance of the study is emphasised by the need to investigate and develop effective strategies for protecting critical state infrastructure in the context of the Russian-Ukrainian war of 2022. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of interaction between the means of physical and electronic influence in the context of protecting critical infrastructure facilities of the energy sector from air strikes. The object of research is the system of protection of critical facilities of the state’s energy sector. Research methods included the use of system analysis, the development of strategies for determining the optimal locations of the means of physical influence, and the use of mathematical modelling. Research in the field of interaction and simultaneous use of physical and radio-electronic means included a theoretical analysis of abstract objects and their relationships. These objects were designed to create an idealised description and investigate possible scenarios, as well as to determine optimal actions in specific situations. This study examined in detail the possibilities of improving the effectiveness of protecting important energy facilities from air strikes through the use of combined strategies such as anti-aircraft fire and fire protection. Methods for determining the optimal locations of the means of physical influence were analysed, which allowed predicting expected results when using them together. It was developed evidence-based recommendations for the effective integration of these methods, which is an innovative approach to the problem. The means of physical influence included small arms, which were part of the armament of the Armed Forces, and interceptor drones. Electronic means of influence included technical means of radio frequency warfare and electromagnetic guns. The practical significance of this study lies in the fact that it presents specific strategies and technological solutions for comprehensive protection of critical infrastructure facilities from air strikes. This paper can serve as a basis for developing effective security and protection policies in countries and regions, helping to improve overall sustainability and security

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26

Matsiuk, Viacheslav, Viktoriia Opalko, Liliya Savchenko, Oleg Zagurskiy e Nadiia Matsiuk. "Optimisation of transport and technological system parameters of an agricultural enterprise in conditions of partial uncertainty". Naukovij žurnal «Tehnìka ta energetika» 14, n. 3 (17 luglio 2023): 61–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.31548/machinery/3.2023.61.

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DOWNLOAD ARTICLE Optimisation of transport and technological system parameters of an agricultural enterprise in conditions of partial uncertainty Viacheslav Matsiuk, Viktoriia Opalko, Liliya Savchenko, Oleg Zagurskiy, Nadiia Matsiuk Received 07.04.2023, Revised 17.07.2023, Accepted 11.08.2023 Abstract At the stage of production of a wide range of agricultural products, to ensure the smooth operation of agricultural enterprises, it is necessary to solve the problems of fast and efficient delivery of relevant equipment, spare parts, and consumables with the rational use of available production resources. The research aims to improve the transport and technological system for the supply of orders in the form of consignments to meet the needs of the production activities of an agricultural enterprise. For this purpose, an agent-based simulation model was developed in the AnyLogic 8.7 environment using the Java compiler, since this toolkit allows simultaneously combining discrete-event and agent-based approaches. The model was implemented on the example of an enterprise of a separate subdivision of the National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine “Agronomic Research Station”. As a result, a comprehensive, optimisation mathematical model of the supply of goods on an extensive network of road routes using the agricultural enterprise’s fleet of vehicles under conditions of partial uncertainty was obtained. In the course of experiments and calculations based on the real process of an agricultural enterprise, a range of values of the size of the truck fleet that meets the optimisation conditions has been found. It has been determined that the range of values close to the optimal size of the unloading truck fleet varies from 9 to 14 units. It has been established that the values of the optimisation criterion describing the average delivery time from the beginning of the need for an order to the moment of its delivery vary from 9.96 to 12.78 hours. The limit level of load of the transport and technological system is determined, at which the limit level of technological fault tolerance is ensured. It is 135 or more orders per year for each supplier with an estimated fleet of 12 trucks. The results of the study, such as the use of analytical tools and algorithms to optimise routes and allocate resources, can be used to improve transport efficiency, and help companies choose the most profitable and environmentally friendly routes for transportation

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Trokhaniak, Viktor, e Valery Gorobets. "Heat transfer and gas dynamics numerical modelling of compact pipe bundles of new design". Naukovij žurnal «Tehnìka ta energetika» 14, n. 3 (30 maggio 2023): 79–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.31548/machinery/3.2023.79.

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Weight and size characteristics, heat transfer efficiency across the surface, pressure losses in the flow paths for each heat transfer medium, and other parameters that characterise the heat exchanger play an important role in the development of new types of heat exchanger designs. This predefines the research relevance and the need for a solution. The research aims to develop and implement fundamentally new approaches to the design parameters of shell-and-tube heat exchangers, in which smooth-tube bundles are placed as compactly as possible in their crossflow. For this purpose, numerical modelling in the heat exchanger channels and studies of heat transfer and gas dynamics were carried out. The ANSYS Fluent software package was used to calculate the hydrodynamics and heat transfer in the tube bundle channels. Numerical modelling of hydrodynamics and heat transfer processes in the flow of a compact bundle of small-diameter pipes was carried out. The mathematical model includes the Navier-Stokes equation, the energy equation, and equations describing the turbulence of the external flow. The turbulence model was chosen as a model that describes turbulence in channels well. The results of numerical modelling showed a compact bundle of pipes at the outlet of the channels, with an average value of +20.1ºС. Notably, the local temperature values near the channel walls are close to +30 °C. The air velocity at certain points of the duct reaches 85.1 m/s. At the same time, the average air velocity in the cross-section of the channel is about 41.2 m/s at Re=21420. It is demonstrated that the maximum values of local heat transfer coefficients for pipes in a compact bundle are observed in the areas where the flow joins the pipe surface and at the beginning of the boundary layer formation. The maximum values of the heat transfer coefficient reach up to 1335.5 W/m2·ºС for the second and third rows, and at the front point of the first order, it is 1042.3 W/m2ºС. These results will improve the weight and dimensions of shell-and-tube heat exchangers and reduce their cost

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Romasevych, Yuriy, e Yaroslav Hubar. "Propeller thrust tower crane slewing mechanism model identification". Naukovij žurnal «Tehnìka ta energetika» 14, n. 3 (21 luglio 2023): 72–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.31548/machinery/3.2023.72.

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Any study of the dynamics and control of mechanical systems is based on adequate mathematical models that contain the dynamic parameters of the system under study. Their evaluation, in particular for the tower crane boom system, is a particularly relevant scientific and practical problem, the solution of which will provide the basis for further calculations of the optimal modes of movement of the tower crane slewing mechanism. The research aims to determine the dynamic parameters of the installation (moment of inertia of the slewing mechanism J, torque of dry friction forces M0, driving torque coefficient K1) and to plan experimental studies. The experimental method, numerical optimization methods (in particular, the modified Rot-Ring-PSO method), and statistical methods were used to conduct the research. Based on the results of the experiments, the dynamic parameters of the mathematical model of the laboratory installation of the tower crane slewing mechanism with propeller thrust were identified. The criterion that evaluates the identification error of the parameters K1, M0, and J was formed and minimized using the Rot-Ring-PSO algorithm. Plots of the kinematic characteristics of the movement of the boom system in terms of the angle of rotation of the boom and the speed of rotation of the boom were constructed. When processing the experimental data, the dependence of the error values on the supply voltage of the propeller drive was revealed. The error in the boom rotation speed at the drive supply voltage of 90% (compared to the voltage variant of 40%) decreased by almost 15%, and the error in the boom rotation angle at the drive supply voltage of 90% (compared to the supply voltage variant of 40%) decreased by almost 3 times. The regularity has been confirmed that with an increase in the supply voltage, the error value of the system decreases. In the course of processing the experimental studies, the dynamic parameters of the installation were identified: K1=4.80‧10-8 V/(rpm)2, M0=34.519 Nm, J=24.21 kgm2. The obtained results will be used to optimise the plant’s motion modes, and the developed identification algorithm can be used for other similar problems

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Budzanivskyi, Myroslav. "Experimental studies of the quality of root crop heads residue cleaning using a new cleaner". Naukovij žurnal «Tehnìka ta energetika» 14, n. 3 (28 giugno 2023): 21–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.31548/machinery/3.2023.21.

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Given the high technical requirements for cleaning root crop heads from residues, the development of new, more advanced cleaners is an important and urgent issue. The research aims to improve the quality of the cleaning process by determining the optimal kinematic, structural, and operational parameters of a new root crop head cleaner from root residues. A new design of the root crop head cleaner was created, which allowed the use of cleaning elements with different mechanical properties and sizes, and changing its kinematic parameters depending on the crop it processes. A new experimental setup was also made to install this cleaner and change its operational parameters. A new mathematical model of a multifactorial experiment was developed for the study. Based on the results of the field experimental study, correlation analysis, and statistical numerical calculations using a computer, the optimal design, kinematic, and operational parameters of the improved cleaner were determined, at which the highest quality of cleaning (the lowest amount of stover residues per linear metre) is observed. Based on the results of the correlation analysis, the following optimal parameters of the improved root crop head cleaner were obtained: the location of the ends of the rubber cleaning blades relative to the soil surface, i.e., the parameter should not exceed 1.5 cm. The angular velocity of the counter-rotating movements of the cleaning shafts should correspond to the following range of values – 36.4...76.6 rpm. The translational speed of the cleaner should not exceed 2.0 m∙s–1. The obtained structural, kinematic, and operational parameters can be successfully used in design bureaus when designing advanced machines for harvesting various root crops, and in research institutions and universities when conducting modern research in the field of agricultural engineering

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30

Junge, Stefan, Mykola Zablodskiy, Nataliia Zaiets, Roman Chuenko e Stanislav Kovalchuk. "The screw-type electrothermomechanical converter as a source of multiphysical influence on the technological environment". Naukovij žurnal «Tehnìka ta energetika» 14, n. 3 (12 luglio 2023): 34–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.31548/machinery/3.2023.34.

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In ensuring the reliability of electromechanical converters in harsh conditions, the problem of increasing the energy efficiency of their application through structural, functional, and thermal integration with the technological environment is present. Thus, the research aims to determine the conditions of the direct multiphysical impact of a screw-type electromechanical converter on the technological environment. The method used is based on determining the list of features of screw-type electromechanical converters using the Comsol Multiphysics software, and a combination of three-dimensional and two-dimensional finite element models limited to the rotor with the inclusion of blades in the computational domain. Two variants of forming an algorithm for the multiphysical impact on the technological environment were studied: local concentration of the impact in certain areas of the rotor and uniform distribution along the rotor surface of temperature, pressure, magnetic induction, and electric field strength. The regularities of the distribution of magnetic induction on the outer surface of the ferromagnetic rotor at different azimuthal locations of the frontal parts of adjacent stators have been established. The distribution of the normal component of the magnetic flux density at the contact with the process medium in the form of rutile product or ilmenite concentrate is determined. The consumed electric energy is distributed in the stator tooth zone and the zone of electromagnetic field penetration into the rotor. Eddy currents are concentrated at the penetration depth from the rotor’s inner surface, with the penetration depth depending on the thermal state and sliding mode. The electric field intensity on the rotor’s outer surface reaches 0.8 V/m in the areas opposite the stator crowns and depends on the current activity of the phases at a given moment. Controlling the thermal and speed regime of the rotor can be used to create conditions for bioenergy stimulation on its surface in places of contact with the medium or to support the process of electrode heating of the technological medium. The adequacy of the mathematical models proposed for numerical modelling to the experimental data of the prototype of the screw electromechanical converter was confirmed, with deviations not exceeding 9.5%. The obtained results can be used to predict the optimal indicators of electromagnetic and heat transfer processes in screw electromechanical converters associated with the technological environment

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Beloev, Ivan, Volodymyr Kuvachоv, Valerii Adamchuk e Zinoviy Ruzhylo. "Analytical study of the turns of bridge machines". Naukovij žurnal «Tehnìka ta energetika» 14, n. 3 (12 luglio 2023): 9–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.31548/machinery/3.2023.09.

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The research is devoted to the topical problem of the efficiency of turning wide-span bridge machines in the track farming system. The research aims to study the curvilinear movement along the soil traces of a constant technological track of an arbitrary multi-supported bridge machine, considering its design and method of turning, parameters, modes of movement and loading. Experimental studies were conducted, involving the use of a modern strain track and specially designed equipment for electrical measurements of non-electrical quantities. The processing of research data was carried out on a personal computer. A methodology for compiling private models of turning off the bridge vehicle moving along the soil trace of the constant technological track was developed. As a result of the joint solution problem of the bridge machine turning, it is possible to determine all output parameters of curvilinear motion: trajectory, tractive forces, turning radius, slipping, and actual speeds. The force interaction of the bridge machine’s undercarriage with the soil trace of a constant track is presented based on flat sliding with a variable anisotropic friction coefficient of adhesion φyd, depending on the properties of the track. As the radius of the wheel, the width of its tire and the air pressure in it, as well as the vertical load that acts on it, the coefficient of traction of the bridge machine φyd increases, which may cause higher slippage. The adequacy of the model of stationary turning of the overhead machine is confirmed by experimental estimation of the resistance coefficient of the power onboard turning. The convergence of the theoretical and experimental values of this coefficient is within the confidence interval ± σ in the whole investigated weight range of the bridge machine prototype. This allows us to assess the influence of design parameters and schemes on the turning characteristics as early as the design stage of a new bridge machine, thus optimizing the design process. The results of the research can be applied to the organization of the process of turning the existing models of bridge machines

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32

Melnik, Victor, Alexei Zelensky e Andrew Zelensky. "Design of centrifugal radial fans using regression analysis methods". Naukovij žurnal «Tehnìka ta energetika» 14, n. 3 (23 giugno 2023): 47–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.31548/machinery/3.2023.47.

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With the development of scientific and technological progress in agriculture, the use of operational and mathematical modelling for effective solution of problems and resource conservation in the field of agricultural engineering is relevant. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to determine the optimal parameters of the centrifugal radial fan of a pneumatic precision seed drill by constructing a new mathematical model of the process of its operation. This was achieved by applying mathematical modelling methods when planning multi-factor experiments. As a result, a complex of automated experiments has been defined, which leads to a significant increase in the productivity of scientific work. A statistical representation of the experiment is established, which allows moving to a multi-factor active experiment, in which it is possible to separate the influence of factors from the noise background and make a transition to statistical methods for analysing the results. This allowed predicting the optimal characteristics of the centrifugal radial fan of the precision seed drill. In the course of this study, a new regression equation was compiled in the form of a first-degree polynomial, which determines the influence of each of the factors on the magnitude and value of the response. The coefficients of the polynomial are determined, the significance of the coefficients is estimated, and the adequacy of the proposed model is checked. After obtaining the regression equation, it became possible to graphically construct the dependence of the response function on impact factors. A fractional factor experiment was also performed, which determined the values of the parameters of the object’s state for all possible combinations of levels of variation of the factors Xi. Based on the established functional relationship between the output parameter of the fan, a regression equation of the following form is obtained: Pv=Pv(n, ß1, ß2, z). This predicted the receipt of the total pressure Pv (Pa), when setting different values of independent quantities n, ß1, ß2 and z. The application of the obtained analytical dependencies significantly simplified the determination of optimal design parameters of pneumatic systems for the development and construction of modern technical seed drills

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33

Onyshchenko, Borys, Volodymyr Onyshchenko, Volodymyr Nazarenko e Vasyl Achkevych. "Experimental study of the time of pressure rise and fall in the sprayer pipe". Naukovij žurnal «Tehnìka ta energetika» 15, n. 1 (26 gennaio 2024): 95–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.31548/machinery/1.2024.95.

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A wide variety of meteorological factors, soil and climatic conditions, the saturation of fields with many types of weeds, a significant set of cultivated plants and many other factors necessitate the implementation of innovative technological schemes for the use of pesticides, which will reduce the pesticide load as much as possible and determine the safe environmental effect of preparations. Experimental studies were carried out to determine the time of pressure rise and fall in the sprayer pipe and to establish the corresponding functional dependencies. The automatic adjustment system of the application rate was set to change the pressure when the green simulation surface hit 0.5 MPa, and the yellow surface hit 0.2 MPa. Sensor impact on a surface of different colours was simulated. At the same time, the pressure in the system changed. The pressure in the sprayer pipe of trailer sprayer OP-2000-2 was measured using a WIKAI EN837-1 pressure gauge and the readings were recorded with a Panasonic NV-GS75 digital video camera mounted on a Continent TRIPOD A2 stand. As a result of calculating the experimental data, it was found that the arithmetic mean of pressure reduction from 0.5 to 0.2 MPa is 1.94 s. And the arithmetic mean for four experiments, a pressure reduction of 0.05 MPa is 0.32 s. When calculating the experimental data of the pressure rise, it was found that the arithmetic mean of the pressure rise from 0.2 to 0.5 MPa is 2.37 s. And the average value for four experiments, the pressure rise by 0.05 MPa is 0.395 s. After approximation of experimental data obtained during single-factor experiments, when the pressure P and the corresponding time values t change, the corresponding polynomial functions describing the characteristic t=f(P) when operating a sprayer with automatic application rate control were obtained. The results obtained would allow calculating the time of delay or advance opening of the spray torch when working with variable standards for target plans, in order to avoid non-compliance with the application rate with the specified values

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Pylypaka, Serhii, Tatiana Volina, Vyacheslav Hropost, Olena Kozlova e Oleksandr Tatsenko. "Investigation of deformation of the spring tooth of agricultural implements from the action of the force applied to it". Naukovij žurnal «Tehnìka ta energetika» 15, n. 1 (29 gennaio 2024): 23–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.31548/machinery/1.2024.23.

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The relevance of the study lies in the need to investigate the dependence of the force applied to the spring tooth on its parameters, which is an important task due to the widespread use of spring teeth in agricultural implements, such as balers, reapers, rakes, etc. The purpose of the study is to establish an analytical description of the spring tooth deformation depending on the amount of applied force. For this purpose, the theory of bending rods from the resistance of materials was applied, without simplifying it, as is common in construction, where the deflection of a beam is small compared to its length. The calculation is based on the well-known dependence of the curvature of the elastic axis of the beam (tooth) on the applied moment and the stiffness of its cross-section. The study considers a cantilevered tooth, which at the point of pinching is a spring with several turns, followed by a smooth transition to a rectilinear shape. The tooth is divided into two parts along its length: curvilinear and rectilinear. Calculation of the deformation, i.e., finding the shape of the elastic axis after the action of the applied force, is carried out for both parts separately. The need for this approach is dictated by the fact that the curvature of the elastic axis of the tooth in the free state changes abruptly from the stable value of the curvilinear part to a zero value of the straight part. The main result of the study is to find the shape of the elastic axis of individual parts of the tooth under the action of the applied force and combine them into one whole. This helps to determine the amount of movement of the free end of the tooth depending on the amount of force applied to it. The application of the obtained data can help in the development of more efficient and productive agricultural tools, and increase their durability and efficiency when interacting with the soil

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Deryaev, Annaguly. "Integration of advanced technologies to improve the efficiency of gas condensate field development". Naukovij žurnal «Tehnìka ta energetika» 15, n. 1 (19 gennaio 2024): 33–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.31548/machinery/1.2024.33.

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In the context of constantly growing global energy demand and rapid changes in the energy sector, the study and implementation of advanced technologies in the development of gas condensate fields is of critical importance. The purpose of this study is to investigate methods to increase the efficiency of production and sustainable use of energy resources by optimising the development of gas condensate fields using advanced technologies. The methods used include analytical method, classification, functional method, statistical method, synthesis. Within the framework of this study, the technological aspects of using wells of the Altyguyi gas condensate field were investigated and extensive laboratory and field analyses were conducted aimed at the correct implementation of the double injection method for simultaneous extraction of gas from one reservoir and oil from another, with an emphasis on their contribution to the development of wells through this approach. The paper also considers aspects of operation and technology, including hydrodynamic and thermohydrodynamic studies, when analysing well designs considering compatibility intervals and mining and geological drilling conditions, based on predictive curves of reservoir pressure and rock fracture pressure. As a result of the analyses, studies and calculations, the implementation of the method of intensification of gas condensate field production using the oil and gas approach of dual injection in one well was substantiated. This approach is focused on reducing capital investments and accelerating the development process. The practical significance of this research lies in the development and implementation of innovative technologies to optimise the production processes of gas condensate fields, which contributes to improving the efficiency of hydrocarbon production and promotes the sustainable use of energy resources

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Andriievskyi, Ivan, Sofiia Spivak, Olga Gogota e Ruslan Yermolenko. "Application of the regression neural network for the analysis of the results of ultrasonic testing". Naukovij žurnal «Tehnìka ta energetika» 15, n. 1 (5 febbraio 2024): 43–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.31548/machinery/1.2024.43.

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Conducting a study on this topic becomes relevant due to the great importance of the safety of critical infrastructure facilities and the presence of operational defects in equipment elements and pipelines, which poses serious threats, including the possibility of equipment destruction and negative environmental impact. The purpose of this work is to study the possibility of using the diffraction-time technique of ultrasonic non-destructive testing together with a deep convolutional neural network to accurately determine the numerical value of the height of an operational crack. The methods used include the analytical method, classification method, functional method, statistical method, synthesis method, and others. The study found that an automated approach to measuring crack height, based on diffraction signals and the use of neural networks, significantly improved the quality and accuracy of non-destructive testing. Ultrasonic testing is one of the most common inspection methods for detecting service cracks and is considered to be the most effective. It allows for reliable detection of defects and determination of their size without destroying the product. The results of the study emphasize the high potential and efficiency of the method in analysing the data obtained and provide confirmation of its applicability for determining the condition of objects during ultrasonic inspection. The paper emphasizes that these technologies are particularly important and effective. It is noted that their widespread use in various industries, such as medicine, aviation, and machine learning, demonstrates their power in solving complex problems. The practical significance of the work lies in the development of advanced approaches that provide new insights and methods to improve the efficiency of analysing the results, which can be applied in industry to improve the quality of control and reliability of technical facilities

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Mikhailova, Lyudmyla, Viktor Dubik, Oleksandr Dumanskyi e Oleksandr Kozak. "Possibilities of landfills and solid waste sites for energy production in Ukraine". Naukovij žurnal «Tehnìka ta energetika» 15, n. 1 (15 gennaio 2024): 86–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.31548/machinery/1.2024.86.

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Dynamic changes in the energy sector towards the priority of renewable energy are stimulated by the political decisions in the European integrated environment aimed at achieving climate neutrality within the framework of the European Green Deal. The study aims to provide an in-depth investigation of the potential of landfills and solid waste sites for energy production in Ukraine. The study was conducted using general scientific methods, in particular, analysis and synthesis, abstraction, and comparison. The study examined the issues of developing the bioenergy potential of solid waste sites in Ukraine, including organisational, regulatory, technological, financial and investment aspects. The position of various operations for bioenergy waste processing in the solid waste management system, in particular, anaerobic digestion and solid fuel production, was identified, and an analysis of several thermal waste processing technologies was carried out. Among the features and characteristic requirements for the biogas production process using anaerobic methodology, the aspects of technological availability and economic feasibility are highlighted. The study examines the experience of production and use of organic Refuse Derived Fuel and Solid Recovered Fuel produced from solid waste sites, proving the need to optimise the regulatory support for biogas production at solid waste sites storage sites in the national legislative field. The article emphasises the possibility of practical use of Refuse Derived Fuel and Solid Recovered Fuel, in a partial format, to offset the shortage of fossil fuels in Ukraine and actively implement the concept of a sustainable green course for rational waste management. The results obtained can be used to improve the optimisation of strategic programmes for solid waste management in terms of their bioenergy potential

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Slavinskyi, Dmytro, Tamara Bilko, Yury Cheberyachko, Serhiy Cheberyachko e Oleg Deryugin. "Automated air pressure control system in a motorised breathing apparatus". Naukovij žurnal «Tehnìka ta energetika» 15, n. 1 (2 febbraio 2024): 9–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.31548/machinery/1.2024.09.

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The relevance of the study is to develop an effective system for controlling the pressure in the air supply in motorised breathing apparatus to ensure effective protection of employees from dangerous aerosols and improve their health. The goal was to create an automated air pressure control system in a motorised breathing apparatus using a proportional-integral-derivative controller. For this purpose, the simulation method was used. In order to avoid unforeseen situations of deterioration of the level of protection, the structure of the pressure control system of a motorised respirator has been developed with the selection of the appropriate controller based on the obtained dependences of the influence of the parameters of the breathing mode and the amount of pressure in the under-mask space of the respirator, which ensures an appropriate comfortable mode of operation. This allowed developing a simulation model with a PID controller that would provide the appropriate pressure values within the permissible limits (50-370 Pa). It is proved that the proportional-integral-derivative controller maintains the pressure in the respirator mask within certain limits both with an increase and with a decrease in the control signal, preventing excessive fluctuations in the controlling variable, which leads to an extension of the service life of the filter elements and a reduction in electricity consumption for the operation of the fan motor. Based on modelling the operation of the pressure control system in different modes of operation, it is shown that when using a PID controller with defined parameters, the system provides compensation for changes in air pressure in the under-mask space of the respirator in different breathing modes of the user. The results can find practical applications in the field of safety and health, in industrial environments where workers are at risk of inhaling dangerous aerosols, such as toxic particles, gases, or other harmful substances

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Krakhmalyov, Oleksandr, Viktor Klitnoy, Olena Zinchenko, Vitalii Brusentsev e Anna Shelestova. "Analysis and optimization of torsion shafts in the context of improving the strength and durability of a light armoured vehicle". Naukovij žurnal «Tehnìka ta energetika» 15, n. 1 (24 gennaio 2024): 65–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.31548/machinery/1.2024.65.

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In the context of the continuous development of armoured vehicles and the increasing requirements for the strength and efficiency of armoured vehicles, the study and improvement of torsion shafts becomes relevant to ensure high service life and optimal functioning. The aim of this study is to analyse the torsion shafts of light armoured vehicles to identify possible areas of optimization to increase the strength and durability of these vehicle elements. The methods used include the analytical method, classification method, functional method, statistical method, synthesis method, and others. As a result of the study, a comprehensive analysis and optimization of torsion shafts for light armoured vehicles was carried out to increase their strength and durability. The choice of high-strength material and weight consideration helped to reduce the weight of the vehicle, increasing its efficiency. Geometric design included the use of advanced techniques to optimize the shaft shape, and stress and strain analysis helped determine the optimum parameters. The use of computer modelling and simulation simplified the analysis of the shaft’s behaviour under load. The use of safety factors and consideration of impact loads during operation helped to improve the reliability and durability of the structure. The use of the latest materials and manufacturing technologies allowed achieving the optimum parameters of the transmission element. Testing of the prototypes in real conditions confirmed their efficiency and durability. The optimization of weight and weight distribution was aimed at improving the stability of the armoured vehicle, taking into account the requirements of a particular application and manufacturer. The results indicate the potential for improving the design of torsion shafts to increase the performance and stability of light armoured vehicles. This study makes an important contribution to science, as the identified optimizations and improvements in the design of torsion shafts of light armoured vehicles contribute not only to increasing their strength and durability, but also to the rational use of resources and increasing the overall performance of the vehicle

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Zakharova, Iryna. "Welding processes in the restoration of industrial and energy facilities". Naukovij žurnal «Tehnìka ta energetika» 15, n. 1 (22 gennaio 2024): 56–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.31548/machinery/1.2024.56.

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The research relevance is determined by the constant development and changes in the production environment and technological requirements to ensure increased safety, durability, and efficiency of industrial and energy facilities. The study aims to analyse methods and strategies for improving the efficiency of welding and joint quality control, to achieve greater stability and reliability of energy facilities. The methods used include observation, comparative and descriptive, monitoring, abstraction, and others. The study analysed various welding technologies and their impact on the quality of welded joints. Various methods of calculating welded structures concerning materials and technical requirements were considered. In addition, various methods of quality control of welded joints, including visual inspection and non-destructive testing, were investigated. The study determined that the correct choice of technology, calculations and quality control can improve the strength, reliability, safety, and economic feasibility of welded structures. The studied welding technologies and quality control methods used are more effective for use in specific conditions and there is no general solution. In addition, the proper application of these methods demonstrated that they can significantly reduce the recovery time and increase the overall productivity of the process of restoring industrial and energy facilities. Therefore, the optimal use of welding technologies and quality control methods can significantly improve the efficiency and durability of industrial and energy facilities. The practical significance of the study is to contribute to improving the safety, reliability, and efficiency of the rehabilitation of industrial and energy facilities by improving the quality control procedures for welded joints

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41

Derkach, Andriy, Igor Stadnyk, Volodymyr Piddubnyi, Andrii Chahaida e Iurii Radchenko. "Achievements and problems in studying the mechanism of thermal potential transfer regulation between liquids". Naukovij žurnal «Tehnìka ta energetika» 15, n. 1 (30 gennaio 2024): 104–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.31548/machinery/1.2024.104.

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The relevance of the study is determined by its focus on one of the key problems of the Ukrainian economy, namely the problem of energy resources, which is a necessary step in the development of resource management and planning strategies in the context of modern challenges and instability in the energy market. The purpose of the study is to determine the hydrodynamic and mass-heat transfer characteristics of the process of mixing liquids with different thermal potentials, and to investigate the influence of design factors on the intensity and efficiency of the flow jet. Experimental methods were used to specify the hydrodynamic and mass-heat transfer parameters of the liquid mixing process, and modelling was used to analyse the influence of design factors and develop a scientifically based methodology for calculating new device designs. An approach is obtained that allows solving two problems simultaneously: to decrease energy costs through their rational operation and to reduce environmental pollution, avoiding harmful emissions that occur during fuel combustion. The functional scheme of the test stand is described, the research methodology is presented, and statistical modelling of the influence of parameters on the length of the liquid jet is carried out. Studies of the energy efficiency of the initial stage of the interaction of thermal potentials during the generation of a liquid jet in a recuperative heat exchanger of mixed action to ensure storage conditions and potential movement in front of the nozzle are presented. A mathematical model for describing the length of a continuous water jet when flowing out of the nozzle is proposed and an analysis of the laminar flow of liquid from the nozzle is performed. The length of the continuous water jet when flowing out of the nozzle is determined and the technical capabilities of the process are identified. The efficiency of installing the tip in front of the nozzle for creating turbulent mixing and the method of controlling the water supply during the mixing of thermal potentials are determined. To control the water supply process, a step-by-step method has been developed that allows gradually increasing or decreasing the length of a continuous water jet through the nozzle. The results of the study provide an opportunity to optimise heat exchangers and mixing machines to increase their efficiency and productivity

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Sikorska, Olena, Natalia Ostra, Juliya Malogulko, Vira Teptia e Kateryna Povstianko. "Technical solutions to prevent blackouts in order to provide the population with electricity: The case of Ukraine". Naukovij žurnal «Tehnìka ta energetika» 15, n. 1 (1 febbraio 2024): 76–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.31548/machinery/1.2024.76.

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Due to the deteriorating condition of the power grids and the increasing number of power outages, research on technical solutions to prevent blackouts in the Ukrainian energy system is becoming an extremely relevant and necessary task. This study aims to analyse technical solutions aimed at increasing the resilience of Ukraine’s energy system to prevent blackouts and ensure reliable electricity supply to the population. The methods used include the analytical method, classification method, functional method, statistical method, synthesis method, and others. The study analysed modern technical solutions to improve the resilience of the Ukrainian energy system. The study included a detailed analysis of innovative approaches to modernizing the energy infrastructure. The primary objective was to study and evaluate modern technologies for designing new power lines with improved transmission characteristics. The study emphasized the importance of expanding automation systems to effectively monitor and control the state of the power grid. The study also identified the importance of using energy storage, developing renewable energy sources and improving electricity consumption forecasting systems. Flexible load management measures and improved cybersecurity systems were identified as critical. It is noted that the implementation of the project to provide electricity to the conditional area will be a key step in improving the lives of the local population and providing the necessary conditions for the development of the area’s infrastructure and economy. In addition, the operation of generators for electricity supply will help to reduce the feeling of lack of electricity among residents and ensure reliability in the use of electricity for all sectors of the district’s economy. The overall conclusion is that the implementation of such technical solutions will significantly increase the resilience of Ukraine’s energy system. The results obtained make it possible to effectively avoid blackouts and ensure a sustainable electricity supply to the population. This allows energy companies, government agencies and other stakeholders to optimize energy resource management and make informed decisions to ensure the sustainable and efficient operation of Ukraine’s energy system in the face of a possible blackout risk

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Dzhusupova, Makhavat, Saule Kulshikova, Aidai Talantbek kyzy, Gulnaz Baimenova e Abdulkalyam Ospanov. "Utilisation of industrial waste in heat and power industry". Naukovij žurnal «Tehnìka ta energetika» 15, n. 2 (8 maggio 2024): 57–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.31548/machinery/2.2024.57.

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The study aims to address the physical properties and chemical composition of ash and slag waste from a thermal power plant to determine the possibility of its reuse in the heat and power industry. This included classification and chemical analysis of ash and slag waste generated by the Bishkek thermal power plant to determine its composition. The received material samples were also subjected to laboratory tests to determine the particle size distribution and moisture content. Once the fractionation boundaries were established, a detailed study of the ash mass was carried out, including carbon distribution analysis and flotation experiments to determine effective methods of carbon recovery from ash and slag waste. The results confirmed the significant potential of ash and slag waste from the Bishkek coal-fired thermal power plant for reuse in the heat and power industry. Analysis of the chemical components revealed the content of unburned coal particles within 10-11%, and the content of water-soluble sulphur and sulphuric acid compounds ranged from 0.18% to 0.71%. Experimental data confirmed the importance of the fractionation of ash and slag by particle size, which makes it possible to further separate coal fractions with different physical properties. The fraction of less than 150 microns is characterised by a low carbon content (less than 2.5%), which makes it suitable for use in construction as a fine aggregate. However, the study noted that fractions larger than 150 microns, and especially those larger than 300 microns, are a valuable feedstock for the production of carbon concentrate with a carbon content of more than 75%, which opens up the prospects for its use in the production of water-coal fuel. Thus, the results of the study confirm the potential of ash and slag waste for reuse in the heat and power industry. This can help to reduce waste, reduce the negative impact on the environment, and create efficient and sustainable production processes in the heat and power industry

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Hrytsiuk, Iryna, Vladyslav Volynets, Nataliya Komenda, Yurii Hrytsiuk e Andrii Hadai. "Modelling the optimal switching scheme of the Ukrainian power grid during blackout (Volyn region)". Naukovij žurnal «Tehnìka ta energetika» 15, n. 2 (3 maggio 2024): 95–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.31548/machinery/2.2024.95.

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The relevance of the study, in particular, in the Volyn region, is due to the need to ensure the reliability and efficiency of the energy infrastructure in the face of growing challenges associated with the war between Russia and Ukraine, technological development and ensuring the country’s energy security. The purpose of the study is to develop a model of the optimal switching scheme for the Volyn region’s power grids during blackout to minimize the negative consequences and ensure priority power supply to critical facilities. The methods used include mathematical modelling, simulation, optimization, sensitivity analysis, and others. The study optimized the power grid switching scheme under the risk of war and other crisis situations, including a thorough analysis of various options in the event of a blackout. Taking into account additional aspects of grid safety and reliability, the optimal routes for power transmission, placement of backup power sources were identified and effective algorithms for grid management were developed. By optimizing the grid switching scheme, the damage caused by blackouts can be minimized, and power supply can be restored quickly. The results confirmed that an optimal switching scheme can significantly reduce blackout time and its impact on the economy and the lives of the population. The development of optimal switching schemes for power grids is an important step towards increasing the resilience of Ukraine’s electricity system to crisis situations. The study has highlighted the importance of developing such models to ensure energy security and resilience of the power grid under the threat of blackouts, which affects the practical aspects of power supply management and economic development. The practical significance of the study is to improve strategies for managing the power grid in blackout conditions, contributing to the resilience of energy systems and economic development

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Sadykov, Maksat, Nazgul Temirbaeva, Maksat Narymbetov, Bakyt Toktonaliev e Zamirbek Nariev. "Comparative analysis of the efficiency of hydro, wind, and solar power plants in Kyrgyzstan". Naukovij žurnal «Tehnìka ta energetika» 15, n. 2 (12 aprile 2024): 106–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.31548/machinery/2.2024.106.

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Investigation of the efficiency of hydro, wind, and solar power plants in Kyrgyzstan is important in the context of developing sustainable energy sources to ensure energy security and reduce environmental impact. The purpose of this study was to identify the most promising sources of renewable energy capable of ensuring the sustainable development of the energy sector. This study is a comparative analysis of the three main renewable energy sources – hydro, wind, and solar power plants – in the context of their use in Kyrgyzstan. Various aspects of the efficiency of each type of plant are considered, including resource availability, economic and environmental efficiency, and technical reliability. The advantages and limitations of each energy source are discussed in the context of the Kyrgyz economy and climate conditions. In particular, the focus is on the rich potential of water, wind and solar resources in the country, which opens up prospects for developing renewable energy. The environmental impacts of each type of power plant are also investigated, including ecological consequences and possible risks to local fauna and flora. The findings highlight the need for the integrated use of different types of power plants to ensure energy security and sustainability in Kyrgyzstan, given their combined advantages and limitations. Ultimately, it was concluded that the optimal approach to ensuring energy security and sustainability in Kyrgyzstan may be the integrated use of all three types of power plants. The study results can be used to develop a strategy for the energy development of Kyrgyzstan based on the optimal combination of hydro, wind, and solar energy to ensure a sustainable and environmentally friendly energy complex in the country

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Semenenko, Oleh, Serhii Kirsanov, Artur Movchan, Mykola Ihnatiev e Uzef Dobrovolskyi. "Impact of computer-integrated technologies on cybersecurity in the defence sector". Naukovij žurnal «Tehnìka ta energetika» 15, n. 2 (6 maggio 2024): 118–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.31548/machinery/2.2024.118.

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The research relevance is determined by the ever-increasing threat of cyberattacks and the need to protect defence systems from these threats through the introduction of integrated computer technologies. The study aims to develop strategies for ensuring digital security in the defence sector, addressing the impact of information technology. The study analyses the impact of integrated computer technologies on information security in the military sphere, develops cybersecurity strategies and analyses examples of their application in the defence sector. The study determined that integrated computer technologies are substantial in improving cybersecurity in the defence sector. The analysis showed that they can effectively detect, analyse and respond to cyber threats, ensuring reliable protection of critical information resources. In addition, the digital security strategies developed addressed the specifics of the defence sector, helping to improve protection against cyberattacks and ensuring immediate action in the event of a threat. The resulting strategies for improving the digital security of the defence sector consider the specifics of the industry, contributing to increased resilience against cyber threats and ensuring prompt action in the event of potential attacks. The most significant examples of the introduction of these technologies, namely data mining, big data, distributed blockchain technology, analytical methods of cyber-analysis and cyber-physical systems, have demonstrated their effectiveness in real-world conditions, contributing to the security and resilience of defence systems. The results show the importance of information technology in improving cybersecurity in the defence sector. This confirms the need for systematic implementation of such technologies to ensure effective protection against modern cyber threats

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Yermolenko, Ruslan, Denys Klekots e Olga Gogota. "Development of an algorithm for detecting commercial unmanned aerial vehicles using machine learning methods". Naukovij žurnal «Tehnìka ta energetika» 15, n. 2 (10 maggio 2024): 33–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.31548/machinery/2.2024.33.

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This study aimed to train algorithms for detecting commercial unmanned aerial vehicles using machine learning techniques. Neural network architectures YOLOv8 and MobileNetV3 were used to detect unmanned aerial vehicles in images and videos. The models used were pre-trained on the ImageNet dataset and then refined on the SimUAV dataset containing images of four types of drones (Parrot A.R. Drone 2.0; DJI Inspire I; DJI Mavic 2 Pro; and DJI Phantom 4 Pro), different sizes and in eight different background locations. The study confirmed that the combination of the YOLOv8 and MobileNetV3 architectures has significant potential for detecting commercial unmanned aerial vehicles in various types of images. The trained models demonstrated high performance in the recognition and classification of unmanned aerial vehicles, achieving an average detection accuracy (at an IoU threshold of 50%) of 0.747 and 0.909 for the MobileNetV3_Small and MobileNetV3_Large models, respectively. This demonstrates the high efficiency and accuracy of the models in detecting objects on the test data. The results of the study also included the values of the binary cross-entropy metric, which were 0.308 and 0.216, respectively, indicating the high accuracy of the models in object classification and confirming the high efficiency and reliability of these models in working with objects on the test data. During the study, the MobileNetV3_Large model showed more accurate results than MobileNetV3_Small, which indicates its higher efficiency in detecting and classifying aircraft. The obtained results confirm the prospects of applying machine learning methods in the field of monitoring and security systems, which reliably detect and track unmanned aerial vehicles in various conditions. The high performance of the trained models demonstrates their effectiveness in real-world operating conditions, making them a valuable tool for solving important control and supervision tasks

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Lubishtani, Milot, e Fitore Bajrami Lubishtani. "Using geodetic data to optimize the distribution of solar and wind energy installations". Naukovij žurnal «Tehnìka ta energetika» 15, n. 2 (29 aprile 2024): 69–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.31548/machinery/2.2024.69.

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This study was aimed at identifying the optimal locations for solar and wind power plants in the Republic of Kosovo using geodetic parameters and evaluation criteria. The study used global publicly available data, including an elevation model, geographic coordinates, a land cover database, and information on solar radiation and wind characteristics, which were processed in GRASS GIS software. The analytic hierarchy process was used to calculate the weights of the criteria, which provided an integrated assessment of the suitability of the territories. The study found that 61.8% of the territory of the Republic of Kosovo is suitable for utilizing sunlight, indicating the country’s significant potential for solar energy production. However, in the case of wind energy installations, the study found that only 32.5% of the territory could be considered optimal for solar power plants. This difference in percentages demonstrates the importance of considering many factors in the planning and construction of energy installations to ensure their stable and efficient operation. The study also confirmed that the F1 model, which uses all the criteria with their respective weights, provides the most reliable results for determining the optimal locations for energy installations. Sensitivity analysis showed that this model was the most effective in classifying suitable locations compared to other rasters such as F2 and F3. This confirms the importance of taking into account various parameters and their impact on the selection of optimal locations for power plants. The results open up possibilities for optimizing the use of solar and wind potential in the Republic of Kosovo, confirming the possibility of using geodetic data and geoinformation data to identify optimal locations for energy installations

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Kravchenko, Vasyl, Andrii Voitik, Oleksandr Pushka, Ivan Lisovyi e Mykola Korobko. "Modelling of the hydraulic scheme for loading the sowing sections of sowing machines for energy recovery". Naukovij žurnal «Tehnìka ta energetika» 15, n. 2 (19 aprile 2024): 46–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.31548/machinery/2.2024.46.

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One of the most promising areas for improving the energy efficiency of machines is the use of energy recovery from its source. The study aims to develop a basic hydraulic scheme of the clamping mechanism of the sowing section, which would allow to recovery of the energy of the oscillatory movement of the sowing section relative to the sowing frame. The paper considers the scheme of using hydraulic loading of sowing sections using a single-acting hydraulic cylinder. To collect the energy of the sowing section of the seeder, it is proposed to install a hydraulic motor in the existing hydraulic loading circuit to convert the hydraulic energy of the system into the mechanical energy of rotation of its output shaft and a system of check valves to redirect the working fluid in the system and ensure that the hydraulic motor shaft rotates in one specified direction. The input parameters of this system are unevenness of the soil, design features of the sowing section of the seeder, and forward speed of the seeder. The influence of the main parameters of the hydraulic cylinder, hydraulic accumulator and hydraulic motor of the system on the rotational speed and torque on the hydraulic motor shaft is investigated. The research shows that under certain external conditions, when modelling the system in the MATLAB Simulink software, the forced reciprocating motion of the hydraulic cylinder piston is converted into the rotational motion of the hydraulic motor output shaft, which, under certain system parameters under study, can rotate at a speed of 6-86 rpm, developing a theoretical torque of up to 22 N∙m. The size of the hydraulic cylinder piston has the greatest influence on the output characteristics of the system. The hydraulic accumulator provides smoothing of pulsations, the magnitude of which, like the total pressure in the system, depends on the pressure of its pre-charging. The results of this study can be applied in agriculture to optimise energy use during the sowing process by developing efficient energy recovery systems for sowing machines, which will reduce fuel consumption and negative environmental impact

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Sokolovskyi, Vladyslav, Eduard Zharikov e Sergii Telenyk. "Software and algorithmic support as part of regional systems for monitoring the state of objects for calculation of filtration through earthen hydraulic structures". Naukovij žurnal «Tehnìka ta energetika» 15, n. 2 (18 aprile 2024): 130–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.31548/machinery/2.2024.130.

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The basis for ensuring the safe operation of hydraulic structures is facility monitoring systems. The introduction of software tools for diagnostic modelling of filtration flows into the software of such systems is an objective step caused by recent real-life events. The aim of this study is to improve the accuracy of existing methods for numerical modelling of two-dimensional stationary filtration flows using the mesh method in the software of the facility monitoring system. The methods used in the study included the mesh method, the finite difference method, as well as approximation methods and numerical algorithms. As a result of the study, it was found that the proposed method of organizing the iterative computing process was effective and useful. Its application can significantly reduce the complexity of software development, as it is based on the formalization and standardization of operations, which simplifies the programming process. In addition, the use of conventional loop statements makes the process of writing programmes more understandable and accessible to developers. The additional array used in the algorithm allows easily changing the configuration of the grid boundaries and the order of operations for each node, which makes the method flexible and suitable for various challenges. A special advantage of the algorithm is its logical simplicity, which contributes to successful adaptation in the case of using multiprocessor systems. Thus, the results of the study confirm the high efficiency and potential of the proposed method for use in practical computing tasks. The proposed method of iterative computation is of considerable practical importance in the field of software development for numerical modelling, since its use simplifies the programming process and provides flexibility in working with different problem conditions, which makes it an important tool for a wide range of research and practical applications in hydraulic engineering and related fields

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Machinery"

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