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Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 6 febbraio 2022

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1

Cooper, Shaun. "A new proof of the Macdonald identities for An−1". Journal of the Australian Mathematical Society. Series A. Pure Mathematics and Statistics 62, n. 3 (giugno 1997): 345–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1446788700001051.

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AbstractA new, elementary proof of the Macdonald identities for An−1 using induction on n is given. Specifically, the Macdonald identity for An is deduced by multiplying the Macdonald identity for An−1 and n Jacobi triple product identities together.

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2

Jeffrey Johnson, Kirstin. "Rooted Deep: Discovering the Literary Identity of Mythopoeic Fantasist George Macdonald". Linguaculture 2014, n. 2 (1 dicembre 2014): 25–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/lincu-2015-0027.

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Abstract This paper is a conversational reassessment of George MacDonald, the Victorian fantasist who so profoundly shaped such writers as C.S. Lewis and J.R.R. Tolkien. Primary research challenges the common portrayal of MacDonald as an accidental novelist, revealing instead his clear trajectory and vocation as a devoted literary scholar. Clarifying the definition of mythopoeic as applied by the Oxford Inklings to MacDonald draws attention to their conviction that attentive response to one’s literary roots is what engenders novel literature with transformative potential. Further research proves this to be in keeping with the work and legacy of MacDonald and his mentor A.J. Scott. An intentional participation in this relational nature of literary tradition is a crucial element of the work and legacy to which the Inklings and their successors are heirs.

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3

Kaneko, Jyoichi. "A Triple Product Identity for Macdonald Polynomials". Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications 200, n. 2 (giugno 1996): 355–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jmaa.1996.0210.

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4

Akyildiz, E., e J. B. Carrell. "A generalization of the Kostant--Macdonald identity". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 86, n. 11 (1 giugno 1989): 3934–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.86.11.3934.

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5

Cai, Tommy Wuxing, Naihuan Jing e Jian Zhang. "Modular Macdonald functions and generalized Newton's identity". Journal of Algebra 442 (novembre 2015): 124–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jalgebra.2014.10.014.

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6

Cofnas, Nathan. "The Anti-Jewish Narrative". Philosophia 49, n. 4 (3 febbraio 2021): 1329–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11406-021-00322-w.

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AbstractAccording to the mainstream narrative about race, all groups have the same innate dispositions and potential, and all disparities—at least those favoring whites—are due to past or present racism. Some people who reject this narrative gravitate toward an alternative, anti-Jewish narrative, which sees recent history in terms of a Jewish/gentile conflict. The most sophisticated promoter of the anti-Jewish narrative is the evolutionary psychologist Kevin MacDonald. MacDonald argues that Jews have a suite of genetic adaptations—including high intelligence and ethnocentrism—and cultural practices that lead them to undermine gentile society to advance their own evolutionary interests. He says that Jewish-designed intellectual movements have weakened gentile identity and culture while preserving Jewish identity and separatism. Cofnas recently argued that MacDonald’s theory is based on “systematically misrepresented sources and cherry-picked facts.” However, Cofnas gave short shrift to at least three key claims: (a) Jews are highly ethnocentric, (b) liberal Jews hypocritically advocate liberal multiculturalism for gentiles/gentile countries but racial purity and separatism for Jews/Israel, and (c) Jews are responsible for liberalism and mass immigration to the United States. The present paper examines these claims and concludes that MacDonald’s views are not supported.

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Cai, Tommy Wuxing, e Naihuan Jing. "A generalization of Newton's identity and Macdonald functions". Journal of Combinatorial Theory, Series A 125 (luglio 2014): 342–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcta.2014.04.001.

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8

Miccoli, Dario. "Sharon MacDonald, Memorylands. Heritage and Identity in Europe Today". Témoigner. Entre histoire et mémoire, n. 118 (1 ottobre 2014): 187–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/temoigner.1013.

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9

Zielinski, Andrea. "Identity Structures of Religious Jews in Post-war Germany". European Judaism 33, n. 2 (1 settembre 2000): 38–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/ej.2000.330205.

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The word 'identity' actually means 'absolute sameness'. Here, one speaks of 'self identity' or 'social identity'. Sharon Macdonald describes social identity as 'allegiance to people, group and often, place and past'. With regard to this topic we would rather say that identity is the process of assimilating to a norm regarded as given and static.

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10

Testa, Alessandro. "Memorylands: heritage and identity in Europe today by Macdonald, Sharon". Social Anthropology 22, n. 4 (novembre 2014): 512–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1469-8676.12092_20.

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11

Dodd, J. "McDowell's identity conception of truth: a reply to Fish and Macdonald". Analysis 68, n. 1 (1 gennaio 2008): 76–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/analys/68.1.76.

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12

Krause-Jensen, Jakob, Eurig Scandrett, Penny Welch e David Mills. "Book Reviews". Learning and Teaching 1, n. 1 (1 marzo 2008): 184–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/175522708783113532.

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K. Holbrook, A. Kim, B. Palmer, and A. Portnoy (eds) Global Values 101: A Short Course with Howard Zinn,Amy Goodman, Naomi Klein, Robert Reich, Juliet Schor, Katha Pollitt, Paul Farmer, Lani Guinier and othersReview by Jakob Krause-JensenJanet MacDonald Blended Learning and Online TutoringReview by Eurig ScandrettAmie MacDonald and Susan Sa´nchez-Casal (eds) Twenty-First Century Feminist Classrooms: Pedagogies of Identity and DifferenceReview by Penny WelchMonica McLean Pedagogy and the University: Critical Theory and PracticeReview by David Mills

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13

Allchin, Arthur Macdonald. "National Identity". Grundtvig-Studier 44, n. 1 (1 gennaio 1993): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/grs.v44i1.16094.

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National identitet og internationalt fællesskabAf Arthur Macdonald AllchinI sin redegørelse inddrager Allchin personligt farvede betragtninger over, hvad han som englænder har lært ved at stifte bekendtskab med Grundtvig og hans betydning for Danmark i historie og nutid. I fortsættelsen skitserer Allchin, hvordan vigtige perspektiver hos Grundtvig først bliver anskuet i deres virkelige rækkevidde, nr. deres aktuelle relevans langt ud over Danmarks grænser bliver taget med i betragtning.Alt for ofte har det været således, at 'national identitet' er blevet anskuet som et sæt af værdier, der ligger i strid med det pågældende lands plads i det internationale fællesskab. For Grundtvig var det ikke således. Selv om han undertiden kunne give anledning til nationalistiske forestillinger og også. siden hen er blevet brugt i samme retning, var Grundtvigs egentlige overbevisning knyttet til, at han forstod sig selv og sin virksomhed inden for danskhedens rammer og p. samme tid understregede Danmarks plads i universalhistorien. Således var han alt andet end isolationist.Grundtvigs forståelse af national identitet bygger på tre ting: et folk, der bebor et afgrænset geografisk omr.de, som endvidere har et modersmål og en digtning, og som endelig har en fælles historisk arv.De indsigter, der rummes heri, har på afgørende punkter relevans i lyset af dagens internationale situation. Men netop ved at gennemføre en afbalanceret vurdering af Grundtvigs tanker, kan vi opnå et frugtbart grundlag for bestræbelser, der rækker fra kultur- og samfundspolitik til undervisning, fra kirkeliv og teologi til bestræbelserne p. at virkeligg.re en højere grad af fællesskab mellem kristenhedens kirkesamfund.Med denne omfattende målsætning som sin ledetråd udtrykker Allchin for sit eget vedkommende taknemmelighed over at kunne deltage i et samarbejde med kolleger fra Det teologiske Fakultet ved Aarhus Universitet og i særdeleshed Center for Grundtvig Studier.

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14

Etingof, Pavel. "A uniform proof of the Macdonald-Mehta-Opdam identity for finite Coxeter groups". Mathematical Research Letters 17, n. 2 (2010): 275–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4310/mrl.2010.v17.n2.a7.

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15

Guzmán-Sáen, Aldo, e Miguel A. Xicoténcatl. "A proof of the Adem relations". Revista Colombiana de Matemáticas 52, n. 2 (1 luglio 2018): 219–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/recolma.v52n2.77161.

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We give an alternative proof of the Bullett-Macdonald identity for the Steenrod squares, which is in turn equivalent to the Adem relations. The main idea is to show that the iterated total squaring operation S2: Hn(X) → H4n(X × BZ2 × BZ2) is the restriction of a total fourth-power operation T : Hn(X) → H4n(X × BΣ4).

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16

Robinne, François. "Personal Names. History, Culture and Identity, Zheng Yangwen & Charles J-H Macdonald (éds)". Moussons, n. 18 (1 dicembre 2011): 175–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/moussons.784.

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17

Healey, J. F. "M.C.A. MACDONALD, Literacy and Identity in Pre-Islamic Arabia (Variorum Collected Studies Series CS906)." Journal of Semitic Studies 57, n. 1 (20 marzo 2012): 210–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jss/fgr069.

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18

Nishino, Akinori, e Yasushi Komori. "An algebraic approach to Macdonald–Koornwinder polynomials: Rodrigues-type formula and inner product identity". Journal of Mathematical Physics 42, n. 10 (ottobre 2001): 5020–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1398334.

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19

FELDMAN, JACKIE. "Memorylands: Heritage and Identity in Europe Today. Sharon Macdonald. London: Routledge, 2013. 320 pp." American Ethnologist 44, n. 1 (febbraio 2017): 145–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/amet.12434.

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20

Nicholson, Robin. "From Ramsay's Flora MacDonald to Raeburn's MacNab: The Use of Tartan as a Symbol of Identity". Textile History 36, n. 2 (novembre 2005): 146–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/004049605x61546.

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21

Jenkins, Ruth Y. "Imagining the Abject in Kingsley, MacDonald, and Carroll: Disrupting Dominant Values and Cultural Identity in Children's Literature". Lion and the Unicorn 35, n. 1 (2011): 67–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/uni.2011.0003.

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22

Webb, Jean. "A Complete Identity: The Youthful Hero in the Work of G. A. Henty and George MacDonald by Rachel E. Johnson". Children's Literature Association Quarterly 40, n. 3 (2015): 304–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/chq.2015.0033.

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23

KITLV, Redactie. "Book reviews". Bijdragen tot de taal-, land- en volkenkunde / Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences of Southeast Asia 168, n. 1 (2012): 130–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134379-90003574.

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Chie Ikeya, Refiguring women, colonialism, and modernity in Burma (Henk Schulte Nordholt) Thomas J. Conners, Mason C. Hoadley, Frank Dhont, Kevin Ko (eds), Pancasila’s contemporary appeal: Relegitimizing Indonesia’s founding ethos (R.E. Elson) I Nyoman Darma Putra, A literary mirror: Balinese reflections on modernity and identity in the twentieth century (Dick van der Meij) Margaret Jolly. Serge Tcherkézoff and Darrell Tryon (eds), Oceanic encounters: Exchange, desire, violence (H.J.M. Claessen) Rudolf Mrázek, A certain age: Colonial Jakarta through the memories of its intellectuals (Lutgard Mutsaers) Jan Ovesen and Ing-Britt Trankell, Cambodians and their doctors: A medical anthropology of colonial and post-colonial Cambodia (Vivek Neelakantan) Daromir Rudnyckyj, Spiritual economies: Islam, globalization and the afterlife of development (Gabrial Facal) Claudine Salmon, Sastra Indonesia awal: Kontribusi orang Tionghoa (Melani Budianta) Renate Sternagel, Der Humboldt von Java: Leben und Werk des Naturforschers Franz Wilhelm Junghuhn 1809-1864 (Andreas Weber) Wynn Wilcox (ed.), Vietnam and the West: New approaches (Hans Hägerdal) Zheng Yangwen and Charles J.H Macdonald (eds), Personal names in Asia: History, culture and identity (Rosemary Gianno)

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24

Lavoie, Chantel. "Vatican II and Beyond: The Changing Mission and Identity of Canadian Women Religious, by Rosa Bruno-Jofré, Heidi MacDonald, and Elizabeth M. Smyth". Religion and Gender 9, n. 1 (24 luglio 2019): 128–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18785417-00901008.

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25

Tilley, Elizabeth. "Linda E. Connors and Mary Lu MacDonald, National Identity in Great Britain and British North America, 1815-1851: The Role of Nineteenth-Century Periodicals". Tijdschrift voor Tijdschriftstudies, n. 33 (11 luglio 2013): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.18352/ts.272.

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26

Zanger, Maggy. "Charles G. MacDonald and Carole A. O'Leary, eds., Kurdish Identity: Human Rights and Political Status (Gainesville, Fla.: University Press of Florida, 2007). Pp. 336. $65.00 cloth." International Journal of Middle East Studies 41, n. 3 (agosto 2009): 532–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020743809091454.

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27

Parezo, Nancy J. "Diversifying Museum TheoryTheorizing Museums: Representing Identity and Diversity in a Changing World. Edited by Sharon Macdonald and Gordon Fyfe. Oxford: Blackwell Socilogical Review, 1996. 236 pp. $20". Current Anthropology 39, n. 1 (febbraio 1998): 182–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/204715.

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28

Robinson. "National Identity in Great Britain and British North America, 1815–1851: The Role of Nineteenth-Century Periodicals, by Linda E. Connors and Mary Lu MacDonald". Victorian Studies 55, n. 2 (2013): 379. http://dx.doi.org/10.2979/victorianstudies.55.2.379.

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29

Madigan, Patrick. "A Complete Identity: The Youthful Hero in the Work of G. A. Henty and George MacDonald. By Rachel E. Johnson . Pp. xvi, 240, Eugene, Oregon, Pickwick, 2014, £22.50." Heythrop Journal 56, n. 2 (28 gennaio 2015): 343. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/heyj.12239_30.

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30

Potts, D. T. "M.C.A. MACDONALD, Literacy and Identity in Pre-Islamic Arabia. Variorum Collected Studies Series. Burlington and Farnham: Ashgate Publishing Limited, 2009. x + 420 pp. ISBN: 978-0-7546-5965-5 (hbk.). £75.00." Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient 56, n. 2 (2013): 328–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685209-12341308.

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31

Bhatngar, Gaurav. "A short proof of an identity of Sylvester". International Journal of Mathematics and Mathematical Sciences 22, n. 2 (1999): 431–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/s0161171299224313.

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We present two short proofs of an identity found by Sylvester and rediscovered by Louck. The first proof is an elementary version of Knuth's proof and is analogous to Macdonald's proof of a related identity of Milne. The second is Sylvester's own proof of his identity.

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32

Paludan-Müller, Carsten. "Memorylands: Heritage and Identity in Europe Today, by Sharon Macdonald, 2013. London: Routledge; ISBN 978-0-415-45333-2 hardback £80 & US$130; ISBN 978-0-415-45334-9 paperback £24.99 & US$39.95; xiv + 293 pp., 43 figs." Cambridge Archaeological Journal 24, n. 1 (febbraio 2014): 192–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959774314000195.

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33

KITLV, Redactie. "Book Reviews". Bijdragen tot de taal-, land- en volkenkunde / Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences of Southeast Asia 163, n. 4 (2008): 559–621. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134379-90003696.

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Benedict Anderson; Under three flags; Anarchism and the anticolonial imagination (Greg Bankoff) Leakthina Chau-Pech Ollier, Tim Winter (eds); Expressions of Cambodia; The politics of tradition, identity and change (David Chandler) Ying Shing Anthony Chung; A descriptive grammar of Merei (Vanuatu) (Alexandre François) Yasuyuki Matsumoto; Financial fragility and instability in Indonesia (David C. Cole) Mason C. Hoadley; Public administration; Indonesian norms versus Western forms (Jan Kees van Donge) Samuel S. Dhoraisingam; Peranakan Indians of Singapore and Melaka (Joseph M. Fernando) Vatthana Pholsena; Post-war Laos; The politics of culture, history and identity (Volker Grabowksy) Gert Oostindie; De parels en de kroon; Het koningshuis en de koloniën (Hans Hägerdal) Jean-Luc Maurer; Les Javanais du Caillou; Des affres de l’exil aux aléas de l’intégration; Sociologie historique de la communauté indonésienne de Nouvelle-Calédonie (Menno Hecker) Richard Stubbs; Rethinking Asia’s economic miracle; The political economy of war, prosperity and crisis (David Henley) Herman Th. Verstappen; Zwerftocht door een wereld in beweging (Sjoerd R. Jaarsma) Klokke, A.H. (ed. and transl.); Fishing, hunting and headhunting in the former culture of the Ngaju Dayak in Central Kalimantan; Notes from the manuscripts of the Ngaju Dayak authors Numan Kunum and Ison Birim; from the Legacy of Dr. H. Schaerer; With a recent additional chapter on hunting by Katuah Mia (Monica Janowski) Ian Proudfoot; Old Muslim calendars of Southeast Asia (Nico J.G. Kaptein) Garry Rodan; Transparency and authoritarian rule in Southeast Asia (Soe Tjen Marching) Greg Fealy, Virginia Hooker (eds); Voices of Islam in Southeast Asia; A contemporary sourcebook (Dick van der Meij) Eko Endarmoko; Tesaurus Bahasa Indonesia (Don van Minde) Charles J.-H. Macdonald; Uncultural behavior; An anthropological investigation of suicide in the southern Philippines (Raul Pertierra) Odd Arne Westad, Sophie Quinn-Judge (eds); The Third Indochina War; Conflict between China, Vietnam and Cambodia, 1972-79 (Vatthana Pholsena) B. Bouman; Ieder voor zich en de Republiek voor ons allen; De logistiek achter de Indonesische Revolutie 1945-1950 (Harry A. Poeze) Michel Gilquin; The Muslims of Thailand (Nathan Porath) Tom Boellstorff; The gay archipelago; Sexuality and nation in Indonesia (Raquel Reyes) Kathleen M. Adams; Art as politics; Re-crafting identities, tourism, and power in Tana Toraja, Indonesia (Dik Roth) Aris Ananta, Evi Nurvidya Arifin, Leo Suryadinata; Emerging democracy in Indonesia (Henk Schulte Nordholt) Casper Schuring; Abdulgani; 70 jaar nationalist van het eerste uur (Nico G. Schulte Nordholt) Geoff Wade (ed. and transl.); Southeast Asia in the Ming Shi-lu; An open access resource (Heather Sutherland) Alexander Horstmann, Reed L. Wadley (eds); Centering the margin; Agency and narrative in Southeast Asian Borderlands (Nicholas Tapp) Marieke Brand, Henk Schulte Nordholt, Fridus Steijlen (eds); Indië verteld; Herinneringen, 1930-1950 (Jean Gelman Taylor) Tin Maung Maung Than; State dominance in Myanmar; The political economy of industrialization (Sean Turnell) Henk Schulte Nordholt, Ireen Hoogenboom (eds); Indonesian transitions (Robert Wessing) In: Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde no. 163 (20075), no: 4, Leiden

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34

Caruth, A. "The Artin–Rees equations". Mathematical Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society 102, n. 3 (novembre 1987): 385–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305004100067438.

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Let R denote a commutative Noetherian ring with an identity element and N a finitely generated R -module. When K is a submodule of N and A an ideal of R the Artin–Rees lemma states that there is an integer q ≥ 0 such that AnN ∩ K = An−q(AqN ∩ K) for all n ≥ q (Rees[4]; Northcott [3], theorem 20, p. 210; Atiyah and Macdonald [1], proposition 10·9, p. 107; Nagata [2], theorem (3·7), p. 9). The above equation belongs to the family of module equations involving A and K which is considered below. We characterize, in terms of A and K, the set of submodules X of N for which there is an integer q = q(X) ≥ 0 satisfying the equationEquation (1), which we call the Artin–Rees equation related to A and K, gets its maximal force when X is largest and we determine the best possible solution in this sense. Notice that for any submodule X satisfying (1), X ⊆ K:NAn for all n ≥ q(X). Since N is a Noetherian R-module ([3], proposition 1 (corollary), p. 177), there is an integer t ≥ 1 such that K:NAt = K:NAt+n for all n ≥ 0. We define M = K:NAt and prove, in Theorem 1, that X = Q satisfies equation (1), for a suitable integer q(Q) ≥ 0, if and only if K ⊆ Q:NAυ ⊆ M for some integer υ ≥ 0. In topological terms, the A-adic topology of K coincides with the topology induced by the A-adic topology of N on the subspace Q if the inequality K ⊆ Q:NAυ ⊆ M is satisfied. It follows that the solution set of equation (1) includes every submodule of N of the form An−rK when n ≥ r = q(K) as well as every submodule lying between K and M. Hence, X = M is the strongest solution, in the sense that M is the largest such submodule contained in An−s (AsN ∩ K): NAn for all n ≥ s = q(M). Recall that M is strictly larger than K if and only if A is contained in at least one prime ideal of R belonging to K ([3], theorem 14 (corollary 1), p. 193). Thus, equation (1) has a unique solution (necessarily X = K) if and only if A is not contained in any prime ideal of R belonging to any solution.

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KITLV, Redactie. "Book Reviews". New West Indian Guide / Nieuwe West-Indische Gids 62, n. 1-2 (1 gennaio 1988): 51–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/13822373-90002046.

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-Brenda Plummer, Carol S. Holzberg, Minorities and power in a black society: the Jewish community of Jamaica. Maryland: The North-South Publishing Company, Inc., 1987. xxx + 259 pp.-Scott Guggenheim, Nina S. de Friedemann ,De sol a sol: genesis, transformacion, y presencia de los negros en Colombia. Bogota: Planeta Columbiana Editorial, 1986. 47 1pp., Jaime Arocha (eds)-Brian L. Moore, Mary Noel Menezes, Scenes from the history of the Portuguese in Guyana. London: Sister M.N. Menezes, RSM, 1986. vii + 175 PP.-Charles Rutheiser, Brian L. Moore, Race, power, and social segmentation in colonial society: Guyana after slavery 1838-1891. New York; Gordon and Breach, 1987. 310 pp.-Thomas Fiehrer, Virginia R. Dominguez, White by definition: social classification in Creole Louisiana. Rutgers, New Jersey: Rutgers University Press, 1986. xviii + 325 pp.-Kenneth Lunn, Brian D. Jacobs, Black politics and urban crisis in Britain. Cambridge, London, New Rochelle, Melbourne and Sydney: Cambridge University Press, 1986. vii + 227 pp.-Brian D. Jacobs, Kenneth Lunn, Race and labour in twentieth-cenruty Britain, London: Frank Cass and Co. Ltd., 1985. 186 pp.-Kenneth M. Bilby, Dick Hebdige, Cut 'n' mix: culture, identity and Caribbean Music. New York: Metheun and Co. Ltd, 1987. 177 pp.-Riva Berleant-Schiller, Robert Dirks, The black saturnalia: conflict and its ritual expression on British West Indian slave plantations. Gainesville, Fl.: University of Florida Press, Monographs in Social Sciences No. 72. xvii + 228.-Marilyn Silverman, James Howe, The Kuna gathering: contemporary village politics in Panama. Austin, Texas: University of Texas Press, 1986. xvi + 326 pp.-Paget Henry, Evelyne Huber Stephens ,Democratic socialism in Jamaica: the political movement and social transformation in dependent capitalism. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1985. xx + 423 pp., John D. Stephens (eds)-Bridget Brereton, Scott B. Macdonald, Trinidad and Tobago: democracy and development in the Caribbean. New York, Connecticut, London: Praeger Publishers, 1986. ix + 213 pp.-Brian L. Moore, Kempe Ronald Hope, Guyana: politics and development in an emergent socialist state. Oakville, New York, London: Mosaic Press, 1985, 136 pp.-Roland I. Perusse, Richard J. Bloomfield, Puerto Rico: the search for a national policy. Boulder and London: Westview Press, Westview Special Studies on Latin America and the Caribbean, 1985. x + 192 pp.-Charles Gilman, Manfred Gorlach ,Focus on the Caribbean. 1986. Amsterdam/Philadelphia, John Benjamins., John A. Holm (eds)-Viranjini Munasinghe, EPICA, The Caribbean: survival, struggle and sovereignty. Washington, EPICA (Ecumenical Program for Interamerican Communication and Action), 1985.-B.W. Higman, Sidney W. Mintz, Sweetness and power: the place of sugar in modern history. New York: Elisabeth Sifton Books, Viking Penguin Inc., 1985. xxx + 274 pp.

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36

Wood, Patricia K. "Defining "Canadian": Anti-Americanism and Identity in Sir John A. Macdonald's Nationalism". Journal of Canadian Studies 36, n. 2 (maggio 2001): 49–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/jcs.36.2.49.

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37

Corchado, Emilio, e Colin Fyfe. "An Extension of ε-Insensitive Hebbian Learning to Form a Non-Interfering Basis." International Journal of Computational Intelligence and Applications 03, n. 03 (settembre 2003): 281–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1469026803001002.

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We review an extension of Hebbian learning which has been called ε-Insensitive Hebbian Learning (Fyfe and MacDonald, 2001) and derive lateral connections from a probability density function. We use these lateral connections to move outputs towards the mode of the pdf and use the resulting outputs to train the feedforward connections. We show that the resulting network is able to identify a single orientation of bars from a mixture of horizontal and vertical bars.

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38

Prunier, Jérôme G., e Simon Blanchet. "Using connectivity to identify climatic drivers of local adaptation: a response to Macdonald et al ." Ecology Letters 21, n. 7 (30 aprile 2018): 1121–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ele.12972.

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39

Lim, Jason. "Asia. Personal names in Asia: History, culture and identity. Edited by Zheng Yangwen and Charles J.-H. Macdonald. Singapore: NUS Press, 2010. Pp. 339. Maps, Plates, Notes, Bibliography, Index. - Rebuilding the ancestral village: Singaporeans in China. By Khun Eng Kuah-Pearce. Singapore: NUS Press, 2011. Pp. 279. Maps, Plates, Notes, Bibliography, Index." Journal of Southeast Asian Studies 43, n. 3 (22 agosto 2012): 531–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022463412000434.

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40

Erper, İ., B. Tunali, C. Agustí-Brisach e J. Armengol. "First Report of Cylindrocarpon liriodendri on Kiwifruit in Turkey". Plant Disease 95, n. 1 (gennaio 2011): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-09-10-0623.

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During a routine survey of diseases of kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis Planch.) cv. Hayward conducted in autumn of 2009 in Ardeşen, Rize Province (eastern Black Sea Region, Turkey), symptoms of a new disease were observed in five locations. Affected trees showed leaf wilting that frequently led to the death of the trees. Symptoms at ground level included necrotic lesions on woody tissues of both the rootstock and roots. Small pieces from necrotic wood and root tissues were surface disinfested and plated onto potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium amended with 0.5 g liter–1 of streptomycin sulfate and incubated for 7 days at 25°C in the dark. Isolates were transferred to PDA and presumptively identified as a Cylindrocarpon sp. by morphology and conidial characteristics. The isolates were transferred to PDA and Spezieller Nährstoffarmer Agar (SNA) and then incubated at 25°C for 10 days with a 12-h photoperiod. On PDA, the isolates developed floccose to felted mycelium, which varied in color from brown-yellow to sepia. On SNA, all isolates produced microconidia measuring 6.25 to 15 (9.6) × 2.5 to 5 (3.02) μm and macroconidia of one-septate measuring 7.5 to 20 (13.3) × 2.5 to 5 (3.8) μm, two-septate measuring 12.5 to 25 (20.7) × 3.25 to 5 (4.58) μm, and three-septate measuring 16.3 to 30 (11.04) × 3.75 to 5 (4.82) μm. Chlamydospores 7.5 to 11.3 (9.78) μm were intercalary or terminal in the mycelium, single or occasionally in chains. Identity of these isolates was determined by a multiplex PCR system using a set of three pairs of specific primers (Mac1/MaPa2, Lir1/Lir2, and Pau1/MaPa2) (1), which generated a product size of 253 bp, which is characteristic of Cylindrocarpon liriodendri J.D. MacDonald and E.E. Butler, in agreement with morphological features (2). Additionally, the internal transcribed spacers regions (ITS1 and ITS4) of rDNA were obtained for isolates 10K-TR1 and 10K-TR2 and deposited in GenBank (Accession Nos. HQ113122 and HQ113123). These sequences showed high similarity (98%) with the sequence of C. liriodendri (GenBank Accession No. DQ718166). A pathogenicity test was conducted using isolate 10K-TR1 and repeated twice. Six 8-month-old callused and rooted cuttings of kiwifruit cv. Hayward were surface disinfested for 1 min in a 1.5% sodium hypochlorite solution, washed twice with sterile distilled water (SDW), and inoculated by dipping their roots for 30 min in a spore suspension of the fungus (1 × 106 conidia ml–1) obtained from 30-day-old colonies grown on PDA. Six control cuttings were dipped in SDW. Two weeks later, cuttings were drench inoculated with 50 ml of the designated spore suspension to guarantee root infection and controls were drenched again with SDW. Plants were maintained in a greenhouse with a temperature range of 25 to 30°C. Four months after inoculation, the inoculated plants developed wilting and root symptoms similar to those observed in natural infections and C. liriodendri was reisolated, completing successfully Koch's postulates. No symptoms were observed on the control plants. To our knowledge, this is the first report of C. liriodendri on kiwifruit trees in Turkey. References: (1) S. Alaniz et al. Plant Dis. 93:821, 2009. (2) F. Halleen et al. Stud. Mycol. 55:227, 2006.

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41

Barkley, N. A., D. L. Pinnow, M. L. Wang e G. A. Pederson. "First Report of Tomato spotted wilt virus Infecting African Clover (Trifolium tembense) in Georgia". Plant Disease 93, n. 2 (febbraio 2009): 202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-93-2-0202c.

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Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV; family Bunyaviridae, genus Tospovirus), which is vectored by several species of thrips (order Thysanoptera, family Thripidae), causes a destructive disease that affects many economically important host plants such as tomatoes, peppers, and peanuts. Controlling the spread of this disease is challenging, and currently, only limited strategies are available to prevent and/or control its dissemination, including early diagnosis, destruction of infected material, and elimination of the vector. TSWV has been previously reported in subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum), white clover (T. repens), and various unidentified wild clovers (Trifolium spp.) in North America and Australia (1,3), but never before in an African species. T. tembense (Fresen.), an herbaceous annual African clover that is mainly used for grazing, is part of the national germplasm collection housed at the Plant Genetic Resources Conservation Unit in Griffin, GA. TSWV was found naturally infecting several accessions of this species being grown for regeneration in a greenhouse during 2008. Initial putative identification of the virus was done by visual inspection of host symptoms that included ringspots, necrotic and chlorotic local lesions, sometimes mild systemic wilting, and eventually an overall decline of healthy tissue in the infected plants. This was subsequently confirmed by double-antibody sandwich (DAS)-ELISA and reverse transcription (RT)-PCR. Primers (5′-ATGTCTAAGGTTAAGCTC-3′ forward and 5′-TTAAGCAAGTTCTGTGAG-3′ reverse) targeted the nucleocapsid gene of TSWV and amplified an expected product of approximately 800 bp (2). No product was amplified in any of the negative controls. Twenty-six individuals representing twelve plant accessions (PI 517788, 517790, 517792, 517793, 517809, 517832, 517842, 517845, 517851, 517871, 517876, and 517889) were screened for TSWV. Two to three individuals were targeted from each accession. Samples were chosen on the basis of the availability of leaf tissue to perform two diagnostic assays, ELISA and RT-PCR. Samples chosen for this study were all naturally infected by thrips. All but four individuals representing two plant accessions tested positive for the virus. The RT-PCR data substantiated the DAS-ELISA results and confirmed the suspected infection. More than 26% of the positive samples naturally infected by TSWV were further characterized by purifying and sequencing (bidirectionally) the RT-PCR product on an automated CEQ 8000 sequencer (Beckman Coulter, Fullerton, CA). The resulting sequences were aligned and edited using AlignIR (LI-COR, Lincoln, NE). More than 700 bp of sequence data (GenBank Accession No. FJ183743–FJ183746) was compiled and they displayed 98% identity with deposited TSWV nucleocapsid gene sequences in GenBank, with no similarity to any other targets. To our knowledge, this is the first report of TSWV infection in T. tembense. Accessions potentially resistant to TSWV within this species were identified and need to be further substantiated. T. tembense is a wild, native clover in Africa and could serve as a weed host for infection of nearby agronomically important crops. References: (1) I. Bitterlich and L. S. MacDonald. Can. Plant Dis. Surv. 73:137, 1993. (2) R. J. Holguín-Peña and E. O. Rueda-Puente. Plant Dis. 91:1682, 2007. (3) C. R. Wilson. Plant Pathol. 47:171, 1998.

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42

Espinosa, Carolina, e Angus Macdonald. "A Correction for Ascertainment Bias in Estimating Rates of Onset of Highly Penetrant Genetic Disorders". ASTIN Bulletin 37, n. 02 (novembre 2007): 429–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2143/ast.37.2.2024075.

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Estimation of rates of onset of rare, late-onset dominantly inherited genetic disorders is complicated by: (a) probable ascertainment bias resulting from the ‘recruitment’ of strongly affected families into studies; and (b) inability to identify the true ‘at risk’ population of mutation carriers. To deal with the latter, Gui & Macdonald (2002a) proposed a non-parametric (Nelson-Aalen) estimate (x) of a simple function Λ(x) of the rate of onset at age x. The function Λ(x) had a finite bound, which was an increasing function of the probability p that a child of an affected parent inherits the mutation and σ the life-time penetrance. However if (x) exceeds this bound, it explodes to infinity, and this can happen at quite low ages. We show that such ‘failure’ may in fact be a useful measure of ascertainment bias. Gui & Macdonald assumed that p = 1/2 and σ = 1, but ascertainment bias means that p > 1/2 and σ ≠ 1 in the sample. The maximum attained by (x) allows us to estimate a range for the product pσ, and therefore the degree of ascertainment bias that may be present, leading to bias-corrected estimates of rates of onset. However, we find that even classical independent censoring, prior to ascertainment, can introduce new bias. We apply these results to early-onset Alzheimer’s disease associated with mutations in the Presenilin-1 gene.

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43

Espinosa, Carolina, e Angus Macdonald. "A Correction for Ascertainment Bias in Estimating Rates of Onset of Highly Penetrant Genetic Disorders". ASTIN Bulletin 37, n. 2 (novembre 2007): 429–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s051503610001494x.

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Abstract (sommario):

Estimation of rates of onset of rare, late-onset dominantly inherited genetic disorders is complicated by: (a) probable ascertainment bias resulting from the ‘recruitment’ of strongly affected families into studies; and (b) inability to identify the true ‘at risk’ population of mutation carriers. To deal with the latter, Gui & Macdonald (2002a) proposed a non-parametric (Nelson-Aalen) estimate (x) of a simple function Λ(x) of the rate of onset at age x. The function Λ(x) had a finite bound, which was an increasing function of the probability p that a child of an affected parent inherits the mutation and σ the life-time penetrance. However if (x) exceeds this bound, it explodes to infinity, and this can happen at quite low ages. We show that such ‘failure’ may in fact be a useful measure of ascertainment bias. Gui & Macdonald assumed that p = 1/2 and σ = 1, but ascertainment bias means that p > 1/2 and σ ≠ 1 in the sample. The maximum attained by (x) allows us to estimate a range for the product pσ, and therefore the degree of ascertainment bias that may be present, leading to bias-corrected estimates of rates of onset. However, we find that even classical independent censoring, prior to ascertainment, can introduce new bias. We apply these results to early-onset Alzheimer’s disease associated with mutations in the Presenilin-1 gene.

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44

Liang, Y., M. N. Ahmad Mohiddin, R. Bahauddin, F. O. Hidayatul, W. A. Nazni, H. L. Lee e D. Greenhalgh. "Modelling the Effect of a Novel Autodissemination Trap on the Spread of Dengue in Shah Alam and Malaysia". Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine 2019 (4 agosto 2019): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/1923479.

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In this paper, we will start off by introducing the classical Ross–Macdonald model for vector-borne diseases which we use to describe the transmission of dengue between humans and Aedes mosquitoes in Shah Alam, which is a city and the state capital of Selangor, Malaysia. We will focus on analysing the effect of using the Mosquito Home System (MHS), which is an example of an autodissemination trap, in reducing the number of dengue cases by changing the Ross–Macdonald model. By using the national dengue data from Malaysia, we are able to estimate λ, which represents the initial growth rate of the dengue epidemic, and this allows us to estimate the number of mosquitoes in Malaysia. A mathematical expression is also constructed which allows us to estimate the potential number of breeding sites of Aedes mosquitoes. By using the data available from the MHS trial carried out in Section 15 of Shah Alam, we included the potential effect of the MHS into the dengue model and thus modelled the impact MHS has on the spread of dengue within the trial area. We then extended our results to analyse the effect of the MHSs on reducing the number of dengue cases in the whole of Malaysia. A new model was constructed with a basic reproduction number, R0,MalaMHS, which allows us to identify the required MHSs coverage needed to achieve extinction in Malaysia. Numerical simulations and tables of results were also produced to illustrate our results.

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45

Luu, Shelly, Jossie Swett-Cosentino, Shubham Shan, Stephanie Tung, Mina Siddiqui, Jolie Ringash, Savtaj Singh Brar, Natalie Coburn e Carol Jane Swallow. "Can recurrence patterns after curative resection for gastric adenocarcinoma (GCa) inform the selection of adjuvant treatment?" Journal of Clinical Oncology 36, n. 4_suppl (1 febbraio 2018): 136. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2018.36.4_suppl.136.

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136 Background: Despite improvements in multidisciplinary care and surgical technique, ≈40% of patients recur after curative resection for GCa. Adjuvant treatment decisions should be informed by the expected timing and site of failure, but accurate data are limited. The aim of our study was to describe and analyze the patterns of recurrence at our center. Methods: Patients who underwent curative intent margin-negative resection from 2006-16 were identified from a prospective GCa database. Date of first detection and site of recurrence were determined. Survival curves were calculated by the KM method. Univariate and multivariable analyses (MVA) were performed to identify predictive variables. Significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: Of 123 patients who met inclusion criteria, median age was 70 yrs, 37% were female, and median follow-up after resection was 24 mos (IQR 11-40). Five-year OS was 72% and RFS 69%. In 34 of 36 patients who recurred, recurrence was detected within 2 yrs. Receipt of adjuvant therapy (Macdonald or MAGIC) was associated with better 5-year OS and RFS than surgery alone (79% vs. 60%, 77% vs. 60%) and delayed time to recurrence (median 10.4 vs. 7.1 mos). Receipt of CRT by the Macdonald protocol appeared to lower the risk of locoregional recurrence vs. surgery alone (see Table) despite routine D2 lymphadenectomy. On MVA, recurrence at any site was predicted by age £ 60y (OR 3.8), male gender (4.0), and AJCC stage > II (4.6). Peritoneal recurrence was predicted only by age £ 60y (3.2). Conclusions: Recurrence after curative resection occurred within 2 yrs of resection. Locoregional recurrence was uncommon in patients who received postoperative CRT. Peritoneal recurrence, which might be abrogated by prophylactic HIPEC at the time of resection, is not well explained by clinicopathologic variables, and novel molecular predictors are required. [Table: see text]

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46

Plecitá, Klára, e Luboš Střelec. "On equilibrium real exchange rates in euro area: Special focus on behavioral equilibrium exchange rates in Ireland and Greece". Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 60, n. 2 (2012): 261–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201260020261.

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This paper focuses on the intra-euro-area imbalances. Therefore the first aim of this paper is to identify euro-area countries exhibiting macroeconomic imbalances. The subsequent aim is to estimate equilibrium real exchange rates for these countries and to compute their degrees of real exchange rate misalignment. The intra-area balance is assessed using the Cluster Analysis and the Principle Component Analysis; on this basis Greece and Ireland are selected as the two euro-area countries with largest imbalances in 2010. Further the medium-run equilibrium exchange rates for Greece and Ireland are estimated applying the Behavioral Equilibrium Exchange Rate (BEER) approach popularised by Clark and MacDonald (1998). In addition, the long-run equilibrium exchange rates are estimated using the Permanent Equilibrium Exchange Rate (PEER) model. Employing the BEER and PEER approaches on quarterly time series of real effective exchange rates (REER) from 1997: Q1 to 2010: Q4 we identify an undervaluation of the Greek and Irish REER around their entrance to the euro area. For the rest of the period analysed their REER is broadly in line with estimated BEER and PEER levels.

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47

Jenkins, Ruth Y. ""I am spinning this for you, my child": Voice and Identity Formation in George MacDonald's Princess Books". Lion and the Unicorn 28, n. 3 (2004): 325–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/uni.2004.0031.

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48

Harveson, Robert, Febina Mathew, Thomas Gulya, Samuel Markell, Charles Block e Susan Thompson. "Sunflower Stalk Diseases Initiated Through Leaf Infections". Plant Health Progress 19, n. 1 (1 gennaio 2018): 82–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/php-12-17-0083-dg.

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This article describes three distinct sunflower stalk diseases that are caused by pathogens that primarily begin as foliar infections. Included are two similar fungal diseases: Phoma black stem and Phomopsis stem canker, caused by Phoma macdonaldii and two species of Diaporthe (helianthi and gulyae), respectively. The bacterial stalk rot disease caused by Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum and Pectobacterium atrosepticum is also included for comparison. We provide information on how to identify the diseases and distinguish them from each other with signs, symptoms, and biological characteristics of the pathogens. It is important to learn to recognize and differentiate these three diseases, because only one (Phomopsis stem canker) is considered to be economically damaging. Misidentification could result in utilizing unneeded disease management techniques.

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Rowse, Tim, e Emma Waterton. "The ‘difficult heritage’ of the Native Mounted Police". Memory Studies 13, n. 4 (10 maggio 2018): 737–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1750698018766385.

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This article intervenes in the debate about whether and how the ‘Frontier Wars’ should be represented in Australia’s military heritage. If they were to be represented, those who resisted British colonial occupation would figure as Aboriginal patriots in a renovated heritage of Australian service to country. We point out, however, that certain historical actors have been, so far (and perhaps forever), excluded from such a revised Indigenous military heritage: those Aboriginal peoples who ‘served’ in the Native Mounted Police. While the archival record is patchy, scholarship tells us that, in their pacification of frontiers, the Native Mounted Police killed many Aboriginal peoples. Interrogating the meaning of war heritage in Australia, we discuss the politics of forgetting against the obligations of historiography to collective memory and ask: must scholarship always interrogate identity-sustaining myth, in service to the truth? To explore this question, we adopt Sharon Macdonald’s concept of ‘difficult heritage’.

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50

Hamstra, Daniel A., Craig J. Galbán, Charles R. Meyer, Timothy D. Johnson, Pia C. Sundgren, Christina Tsien, Theodore S. Lawrence et al. "Functional Diffusion Map As an Early Imaging Biomarker for High-Grade Glioma: Correlation With Conventional Radiologic Response and Overall Survival". Journal of Clinical Oncology 26, n. 20 (10 luglio 2008): 3387–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2007.15.2363.

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PurposeAssessment of radiologic response (RR) for brain tumors utilizes the Macdonald criteria 8 to 10 weeks from the start of treatment. Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using a functional diffusion map (fDM) may provide an earlier measure to predict patient survival.Patients and MethodsSixty patients with high-grade glioma were enrolled onto a study of intratreatment MRI at 1, 3, and 10 weeks. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to evaluate imaging parameters as a function of patient survival at 1 year. Both log-rank and Cox proportional hazards models were utilized to assess overall survival.ResultsGreater increases in diffusion in response to therapy over time were observed in those patients alive at 1 year compared with those who died as a result of disease. The volume of tumor with increased diffusion by fDM at 3 weeks was the strongest predictor of patient survival at 1 year, with larger fDM predicting longer median survival (52.6 v 10.9 months; log-rank, P < .003; hazard ratio [HR] = 2.7; 95% CI, 1.5 to 5.9). Radiologic response at 10 weeks had similar prognostic value (median survival, 31.6 v 10.9 months; log-rank P < .0007; HR = 2.9; 95% CI, 1.7 to 7.2). Radiologic response and fDM differed in 25% of cases. A composite index of response including fDM and RR provided a robust predictor of patient survival and may identify patients in whom RR does not correlate with clinical outcome.ConclusionCompared with conventional neuroimaging, fDM provided an earlier assessment of equal predictive value, and the combination of fDM and RR provided a more accurate prediction of patient survival than either metric alone.

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