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1
Holm, David. "The Brigands’ Song among the Ngạn People in Northern Vietnam". MANUSYA: Journal of Humanities 26, n. 1 (17 ottobre 2023): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/26659077-26010009.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract The Ngạn people are a small local population of Tai-language speakers now living in the eastern districts of Cao Bằng province in northern Vietnam. They are said to be descendants of mercenary soldiers hired by the Mạc royal court during the 17th century. It is the aim of this article to investigate where they came from, using Vietnamese and Chinese ethnological studies, on-site fieldwork and analysis of song texts, supplemented by information from a ritual text and a family register. My conclusion is that the original homeland of the Ngạn was in the Youjiang River valley in west-central Guangxi. Numerous strands of evidence point to a strong connection with the native chieftaincy of Tianzhou and the neighbouring chieftaincy of Si’en.
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Credito, Kim, Klaudia Kosowska-Shick e Peter C. Appelbaum. "Mutant Prevention Concentrations of Four Carbapenems against Gram-Negative Rods". Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 54, n. 6 (22 marzo 2010): 2692–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.00033-10.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
ABSTRACT We tested the propensities of four carbapenems to select for resistant Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Acinetobacter baumannii mutants by determining the mutant prevention concentrations (MPCs) for 100 clinical strains with various ß-lactam phenotypes. Among the members of the Enterobacteriaceae family and A. baumannii strains, the MPC/MIC ratios were mostly 2 to 4. In contrast, for P. aeruginosa the MPC/MIC ratios were 4 to ≥16. The MPC/MIC ratios for β-lactamase-positive K. pneumoniae and E. coli isolates were much higher (range, 4 to >16 μg/ml) than those for ß-lactamase-negative strains.
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Kuma, Dominic Nkwantabisa, Alex Boye, Godwin Kwakye-Nuako, Yaw Duah Boakye, Justice Kwaku Addo, Ernest Amponsah Asiamah, Eugene Agyei Aboagye, Orleans Martey, Mainprice Akuoko Essuman e Victor Yao Atsu Barku. "Wound Healing Properties and Antimicrobial Effects of Parkia clappertoniana Keay Fruit Husk Extract in a Rat Excisional Wound Model". BioMed Research International 2022 (23 luglio 2022): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/9709365.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Background. Parkia clappertoniana Keay (Family: Fabaceae) (P. clappertoniana) fruit husk is commonly used in northern Ghana for wound treatment. However, this folk claim remains to be confirmed scientifically. Objective. This study investigated wound healing and antimicrobial effects of P. clappertoniana fruit husk extract (PCFHE) by using excision wound model in rats. Materials and Methods. After preparation and phytochemical analysis of PCFHE, it was reconstituted in purified water and emulsifying ointment yielding a wound healing formula (0.3, 1, and 3%). Excision wounds were established in healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats (aged 8-10 weeks; weighing 150–200 g). Rats were randomly assigned into six groups (model, 1% silver sulfadiazine [SSD], vehicle, and PCFHE [0.3, 1, and 3%, respectively]) and topically treated daily until complete wound healing. The endpoints (period of epithelialization, wound contraction, collagen content, erythema index, oedema index, inflammatory cell infiltration, and antimicrobial activity) were assessed for all groups. Minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC), minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), and time-kill were assessed. Results. Quercetin and catechin were detected in PCFHE. Compared to model and vehicle groups, PCFHE-treatment groups improved wound healing and antimicrobial (MBC, MFC, and MIC) endpoints. PCFHE demonstrated bacteriostatic and fungicidal effects against identified wound contaminants (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans). Conclusion. P. clappertoniana fruit husk possesses wound healing and antimicrobial effects in excisional wounds in rats that confirms its folk use, and the reported pharmacological properties of PCFHE are attributable to its quercetin and catechin phyto-constituents.
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Schmidt, Emmett V. "MYC family ties". Nature Genetics 14, n. 1 (settembre 1996): 8–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ng0996-8.
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Hidayatullah, Hidayatullah, Syariful Anam e Muhamad Rinaldhi Tandah. "PROFIL KANDUNGAN KIMIA DAN AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK METANOL DAUN BAMBAN (Donax canniformis (G. Forst.) K. Schum.) TERHADAP Staphylococcus aureus". Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (e-Journal) 1, n. 2 (28 ottobre 2015): 141–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.22487/j24428744.2015.v1.i2.7899.
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Bamban (Donax canniformis (G. Forst.) K. Schum.) is one of the family Marantaceae plant that has many uses such as traditional medicine. Methanol extract of bamban leaves contains phenolic, tannins and saponins compounds. The purpose of this research is to determine the class of compounds that has antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) methanol extract of bamban leaves. This extract was prepared using maceration method with methanol solvent. Determination the class of compounds was initiated by bioautografi test in order to determine spots which has have antibacterial activity. Subsequently, the spot were identified the class of compound using reagent spray FeCl3 and H2SO4 10%. The determination of MIC and MBC using dilution method. Research showed there are three compounds that had antibacterial activity. These compounds were predicted as spot I and spot II which were phenolic compounds and spot III as a saponin compound. MIC and MBC value of the methanol extract of leaves bamban leaves 8% and 13%, respectively.
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Bappah, Adamu Maryam, Muthasir Qossim, Zakari Nusayba Dambam, Adamu Shehu Usman e Uba Awalu. "Antibacterial Activity of Alkaloid, Flavonoids and Lipids from Crude Extracts of Azadirachta indica on Some Selected Medically Important Bacteria". Journal of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology 10, n. 2 (31 dicembre 2022): 20–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.54987/jobimb.v10i2.752.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Most tropical climates are home to the green perennial tree Azadirachta indica, which belongs to the Meliaceae family of Mahogany, and has long been known to have therapeutic effects. Secondary metabolites in plants cause biological activity in both humans and animals, which explains why they are used as herbs. For the investigation of the lipid, alkaloids, and flavonoids present in the A. indica extracts, thin-layer chromatography was carried out using several solvent systems. The thin layer chromatography-separated active components were tested for antibacterial efficacy against three multi-drug resistance pathogens namely: Salmonella typhi, P. aeruginosa and S. aureus. Alkaloids showed the highest antibacterial activity on Salmonella spp. (15 mm) and 12 mm Staphylococcus aureus isolates while lipids showed the least activity on the tested isolates. The minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) were calculated. The outcomes of the MIC and MBC revealed that the inhibitory concentrations of different plant extracts for certain bacteria varied. Values of MIC for Salmonella typhi were found in the range of 25 to 50 mg/mL, MBC 100 to 200 mg/mL and for Staphylococcus aureus MIC values ranged between 50 and 200 mg/mL, MBC 100 to 400 mg/mL and for Pseudomonas aeruginosa MIC values were found in the range of 100 to 200 mg/mL and MIC values ranged between 200 and 400 mg/mL using a different part of the plant extracted using three different solvents. The finding suggests that crude extract of A. indica might work well for the treatment of illnesses brought on by these microbes and that the activity of the crude extract is more than that of an individual component.
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Bahram, S., e T. Spies. "The MIC gene family". Human Immunology 47, n. 1-2 (aprile 1996): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0198-8859(96)85038-5.
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Bahram, S., e T. Spies. "The MIC gene family". Research in Immunology 147, n. 5 (gennaio 1996): 328–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0923-2494(96)89646-5.
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Daniel, Paulo Sergio, Emerson Luiz Botelho Lourenço, Rayane Monique Sete da Cruz, Carlos Henrique De Souza Gonçalves, Luiz Renato Marques Das Almas, Jaqueline Hoscheid, Camila da Silva, Ezilda Jacomassi, Liberato Brum Junior e Odair Alberton. "Composition and antimicrobial activity of essential oil of yarrow (Achillea millefolium L.)". March 2020, n. 14(03):2020 (20 marzo 2020): 545–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.21475/ajcs.20.14.03.p2325.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The medicinal plant yarrow (Achillea millefolium L.) belongs to the Asteracea family. It is being used in the pharmacological, food, and cosmetic industry. The economic importance of yarrow resides in its essential oil (EO). This plant is used in traditional medicine as the EO has properties which range from antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and antitumor activities. The objective of this study was to identify chemical components and EO content of yarrow, as well as its antimicrobial activity against some micro-organisms in vitro. The fresh leaves were collected in a morning in October (2018) at the UNIPAR Medicinal Plants Garden, Umuarama-Paraná State, Brazil. The EO was obtained by hydrodistillation of the modified Clevenger type. After that, the content (m/m%) was calculated. The chemical composition of the EO was identified by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) and minimal fungicidal concentration (MFC) were determined by a microdilution method in 96-well microtitre plates and effect of EO was assessed on four micro-organisms (Candida albicans, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherechia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae). The EO content (yield) in the plant shoots was 0.4% (four grams of EO kg-1 of plant fresh shoots) and presented 20 chemical compounds such as α-farnesene (31.66%), followed by chamazulene (17.17%), β-caryophyllene (10.27%) and sabinene (8.77%). The majority class was hydrocarbon sesquiterpene with 74.29%. The antimicrobial activity tests showed that the EO had low antimicrobial activity against the analyzed species with MIC for all species above 1.5 mg mL-1. It was concluded that the EO content was 0.4%. The major component was α-farnesene (31.66%) and EO presented low MIC.
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Raho, G. Bachir, M. Otsmane e F. Sebaa. "Antimicrobial activity of essential oils of Juniperus phoenicea from North Western Algeria". Journal of Medicinal Botany 1 (1 giugno 2017): 01. http://dx.doi.org/10.25081/jmb.2017.v1.41.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Juniperus phoenicea (Family: Cupressaceae) is an evergreen tree widely distributed in North Africa including Algeria. The aim of this investigation was to analyse the antimicrobial potential of essential oils from J. phoenicea on Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumonia, Streptococcus sp, Bacillus sp and Candida albicans using wells and discs diffusion methods. Broth dilution method was utilized to study the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC). The results showed a variable degree of antimicrobial activity. The diameters of inhibition zones for all test organisms were in the ranges of 7–21 mm, while MIC was from 62.5 to >500µl/ml and MBC from 250 to >500µl/ml. The highest antimicrobial activities were observed against Gram positive bacteria followed by Gram negative ones then Candida albicans. The findings provide the evidence that J. phoenicea as a good medicinal plant for further investigations.
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RYAN, Kevin M., e George D. BIRNIE. "Myc oncogenes: the enigmatic family". Biochemical Journal 314, n. 3 (15 marzo 1996): 713–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj3140713.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The myc family of proto-oncogenes is believed to be involved in the establishment of many types of human malignancy. The members of this family have been shown to function as transcription factors, and through a designated target sequence bring about continued cell-cycle progression, cellular immortalization and blockages to differentiation in many lineages. However, while much of the recent work focusing on the c-myc oncogene has provided some very important advances, it has also brought to light a large amount of conflicting data as to the mechanism of action of the gene product. In this regard, it has now been shown that c-myc is effective in transcriptional repression as well as transcriptional activation and, perhaps more paradoxically, that it has a role in programmed cell death (apoptosis) as well as in processes of cell-cycle progression. In addition, particular interest has surrounded the distinct roles of the two alternative translation products of the c-myc gene, c-Myc 1 and c-Myc 2. The intriguing observation that the ratio of c-Myc 1 to c-Myc 2 increases markedly upon cellular quiescence led to the discovery that the enforced expression of the two proteins individually showed that c-Myc 2 stimulates cell growth, whereas c-Myc 1 appears to be growth suppressing. Clearly, the disparities in the activities of c-Myc, together with the consistent occurrence of mutations of c-myc in human malignancies, means that, although reaching an understanding of the functions of the myc gene family might not be simple, it remains well worthy of pursuit.
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Akarca, Gökhan, e Elif Başpınar. "Nar Kabuğu ve Çekirdeğinin Değişik Çözücülerdeki Ekstraktlarının Antimikrobiyal Etkisinin Belirlenmesi". Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 7, sp1 (10 dicembre 2019): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v7isp1.46-53.2689.
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Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.), based on the origin of Southeast Asia and Turkey, with a large growth area such as the Mediterranean and the Arab countries, is the most important plant belonging to family Lythraceae. Pomegranate peel and seed contain numerous and various bioflavonoid, which is indicated to be both antimicrobial and inhibitors of enzymes such as cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase. The antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antifungal properties of the pomegranate are related to phytochemicals such as delphinidin, cyanidin, pelargonidin, ellagic acid, punicalin, punicalagin, pedunculagin, and different glucosides, which involve anthocyanins. In this study, it was investigated that ethanol, methanol and distilled water extracts, obtained from Punica granatum L. antimicrobial effect against Bacillus cereus, Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter aerogenes, Salmonella Typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria known as food pathogen by using disk diffusion method. Also, minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values on seven different food borne pathogens were also determined. As a result of the research; pomegranate seed extracts obtained from methanol observed the highest antimicrobial effect against Pseudomonas aeruginosa with a 29.02 mm zone diameter, while pomegranate peel extracts obtained from ethanol observed the highest antimicrobial effect against Bacillus cereus with a 26.84 mm zone diameter. The MIC and MBC value against Pseudomonas aeruginosa are determined 7.81 µg/L, while The MIC and MBC value against Bacillus cereus are determined 31.25 and 15.63 µg/L, respectively.
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Plasil, Wijkmark, Elbers, Oppelt, Burger e Horin. "The Major Histocompatibility Complex of Old World Camels—A Synopsis". Cells 8, n. 10 (5 ottobre 2019): 1200. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells8101200.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This study brings new information on major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class III sub-region genes in Old World camels and integrates current knowledge of the MHC region into a comprehensive overview for Old World camels. Out of the MHC class III genes characterized, TNFA and the LY6 gene family showed high levels of conservation, characteristic for MHC class III loci in general. For comparison, an MHC class II gene TAP1, not coding for antigen presenting molecules but functionally related to MHC antigen presenting functions was studied. TAP1 had many SNPs, even higher than the MHC class I and II genes encoding antigen presenting molecules. Based on this knowledge and using new camel genomic resources, we constructed an improved genomic map of the entire MHC region of Old World camels. The MHC class III sub-region shows a standard organization similar to that of pig or cattle. The overall genomic structure of the camel MHC is more similar to pig MHC than to cattle MHC. This conclusion is supported by differences in the organization of the MHC class II sub-region, absence of functional DY genes, different organization of MIC genes in the MHC class I sub-region, and generally closer evolutionary relationships of camel and porcine MHC gene sequences analyzed so far.
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Ahmad, Mohd Hafiz, Norhazana Nor Izan, Nor Hadiani Ismail e Humera Naz. "Phytochemicals and Bioactivities of Syzygium filiformevar. filiforme". Sains Malaysiana 50, n. 11 (30 novembre 2021): 3231–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2021-5011-07.
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Syzygium filiforme var. filiforme is a plant variety from dicotyledonous plant family (Myrtaceae). Phytochemical studies on S. filiforme var. filiforme stem bark have successfully isolated and characterized arjunolic acid (1), alphitolic acid (2), betulinic acid (3), ursolic acid (4), ursolic acid 3-methyl ester (5), β-sitosterol (6) and stigmasterol (7). The inhibitory activities against free radical, starch, and bacteria for major compounds were tested by using DPPH, α-glucosidase and minimum inhibitory and bacterial concentration assays, respectively. No promising antioxidant activity was shown on tested samples except methanolic crude extract. For antidiabetic activity, methanolic and dichloromethane crude extracts displayed potent activity compared to 1-deoxynojirimycin. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bacterial concentration (MBC) assays for antibacterial activity were evaluated on Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus subtilis. All crude extracts and major compounds displayed weak and no promising activities for MIC method, respectively. Meanwhile, for MBC method, hexane crude extract and compound 1 showed inhibition against B. subtilis.
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Chiang, Christina W., Jenna B. Greenberg e Caroline R. Richardson. "Focus on Systems to Improve Morbidity and Mortality Conference Relevance". Family Medicine 52, n. 7 (30 giugno 2020): 528–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.22454/fammed.2020.940516.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Background and Objectives: Morbidity and mortality conference (MMC) is educationally important. However, resident physicians rate it less positively than faculty, citing focus on assigning blame rather than targeting change. Additionally, many MMC presentations are selected for clinical novelty instead of avoidable outcome. Despite significant time and resources routinely committed to MMC, its educational and clinical impact is generally limited. This warrants shifting focus toward quality improvement and systems-based care. Methods: From July to December 2017, within a large, public academic center and medical school, the family medicine MMC became a quality conference (QC) focusing on thematically-linked, system-based errors. After case presentations, the audience split into small groups for targeted discussion then reconvened to identify specific interventions. We collected attitudinal data from faculty and resident physicians in attendance using real-time audience text polling, targeting case relevance and change impact. Results: Compared to MMC, QC case relevance improved by 0.39 (P<.01) on a 5-point scale. Compared to MMC, QC cumulatively approached but did not meet statistical significance regarding changing clinical practice. Qualitative statements commented on increased multilevel engagement, dedicated follow up, and decreased didactic presentations. Conclusions: QC demonstrated statistically significant increased relevance compared to MMC, reflecting the benefit of systems-based, thematically-linked cases.
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Mihaylova, Yordanka, Neli Ermenlieva, Sylvia Stamova, Silviya Mihaylova, Emilia Georgieva, Antoaneta Tsvetkova e Kalina Georgieva. "IN VITRO STUDY OF ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF COMMERCIAL ESSENTIAL OILS OF THE LAMIACEAE FAMILY AGAINST STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS ATCC 29213, ESCHERICHIA COLI ATCC 25922 AND CANDIDA ALBICANS ATCC 10231". Proceedings of CBU in Natural Sciences and ICT 3 (1 dicembre 2022): 8–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.12955/pns.v3.318.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The aim of this study is to evaluate the potential antimicrobial activity of four commercial essential oils: Thymus vulgaris and Origanum vulgare (two for external use and two for internal one). The antimicrobial activity of the tested essential oils was determined by using the serial two-fold dilutions method. The following bacterial and yeast strains were purchased and used in the study: E. coli, S. aureus, and C. albicans. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Thyme oil (external use) against E. coli, and C. albicans was 2 µg/ml and 4 µg/ml, respectively. The observed minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) for Thyme oil (external use) against S. aureus was 8 µg/ml. The Thyme oil for internal use demonstrated higher antimicrobial activity than the topical form. The evaluated MBC against S. aureus was 4 µg/ml, and for E.coli, and C. albicans, it was even lower than 1 µg/ml. While determining the MBC of Oregano oil (external) against S. aureus, E. coli, and C. albicans, antimicrobial activity is reported as : 16 µg/ml against S. aureus, 4 µg/ml for E.coli and 32 µg/ml against C. albicans. Also, the observed antimicrobial activity of Oregano oil for internal use is higher than external form – 2 µg/ml against S. aureus and lower than 1 µg/ml for the other pathogens. The results of MIC and MBC determination of Thyme and Oregano oils showed that E. coli, S. aureus and C. albicans demonstrate high sensitivity and can be used in therapeutic practice, and some of them probably in combination with other antimicrobial agents.
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Sabò, Arianna, Mirko Doni e Bruno Amati. "SUMOylation of Myc-Family Proteins". PLoS ONE 9, n. 3 (7 marzo 2014): e91072. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0091072.
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Alt, F. W., R. DePinho, K. Zimmerman, E. Legouy, K. Hatton, P. Ferrier, A. Tesfaye, G. Yancopoulos e P. Nisen. "The Human myc Gene Family". Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology 51 (1 gennaio 1986): 931–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/sqb.1986.051.01.106.
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Dekker, Jan, John W. A. Rossen, Hans A. Büller e Alexandra W. C. Einerhand. "The MUC family: an obituary". Trends in Biochemical Sciences 27, n. 3 (marzo 2002): 126–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0968-0004(01)02052-7.
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DePinho, Ronald, Lisa Mitsock, Kimi Hatton, Pierre Ferrier, Kathy Zimmerman, Edith Legouy, Abeba Tesfaye et al. "Myc family of cellular oncogenes". Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 33, n. 4 (aprile 1987): 257–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240330404.
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St-Pierre, Annabelle, Dorian Blondeau, André Lajeunesse, Julien Bley, Nathalie Bourdeau e Isabel Desgagné-Penix. "Phytochemical Screening of Quaking Aspen (Populus tremuloides) Extracts by UPLC-QTOF-MS and Evaluation of their Antimicrobial Activity". Molecules 23, n. 7 (16 luglio 2018): 1739. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules23071739.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The continual emergence of pathogen resistance is a recurring challenge and pushes for the development of antimicrobial compounds. Here, we investigated compounds from quaking aspen trees (Populus tremuloides) as potential antimicrobial agents. Several extractions using different solvents were realized, and corresponding antimicrobial activity was tested against eight microorganisms. Results revealed that polar extraction solvents including water, ethanol and methanol gave the best extraction yields (>15.07%). Minimal inhibition concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal/fungicidal concentration (MBC/MFC) demonstrated that water extracts had the best antimicrobial activity by a weak to moderate inhibition of growth of all eight tested microorganisms in addition to having a bactericidal effect on three of them. The quaking aspen methanol extract also displayed antimicrobial activity but to a lower level than the water extract. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MS) analysis led to the identification of 92 compounds, mainly polyphenols in both extracts, with 22 molecules previously known for their antimicrobial properties. According to the relative abundance, 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde (5.44% in methanol extract) and kaempferol (5.03% in water extract) were the most abundant antimicrobial compounds. Among antimicrobial molecules identified, nine were from the flavonoid family. The results of our study demonstrate the interest of using quaking aspen as source of antimicrobial compounds.
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Etit, Demet, William C. Faquin, Randall Gaz, Gregory Randolph, Ronald A. DeLellis e Ben Z. Pilch. "Histopathologic and Clinical Features of Medullary Microcarcinoma and C-Cell Hyperplasia in Prophylactic Thyroidectomies for Medullary Carcinoma: A Study of 42 Cases". Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 132, n. 11 (1 novembre 2008): 1767–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/132.11.1767.
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Abstract Context.—Prophylactic thyroidectomies are increasingly performed on patients at risk for developing medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC); consequently, pathologists are more commonly encountering these specimens in routine practice. Objective.—To describe the detailed clinicopathologic features of prophylactic thyroidectomies for medullary carcinoma. Design.—We present a retrospective series of 42 prophylactic thyroidectomies for MTC performed for one or more of the following: family history of multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) or MTC, elevated serum calcitonin level, or detection of a RET proto-oncogene mutation. Results.—Patients included 22 men and 20 women (mean age, 26.2 years). Among those with known RET proto-oncogene mutations, affected sites included exons 10, 11, 14, and 16. In 93% (n = 39) of cases, either C-cell hyperplasia (n = 36), medullary microcarcinoma (MMC; n = 29), or medullary macrocarcinoma (n = 1) was found. C-cell hyperplasia was often multifocal (n = 30) and bilateral (n = 23) and included both nonnodular and nodular patterns. A total of 94% of C-cell hyperplasia cases and all MMC cases were microscopically detectable using hematoxylin-eosin stains. The MMCs were characterized by a complex microarchitectural pattern with a desmoplastic stromal response (n = 29) and focal amyloid deposition (n = 12). Most MMCs exhibited a solid pattern (n = 24) of round, polygonal, spindled, or plasmacytoid-shaped cells. Only 1 case of MMC showed evidence of metastatic disease to a pretracheal lymph node. Conclusions.—Based upon our clinicopathologic findings and review of the literature, we conclude that thyroidectomies in at-risk patients are very frequently associated with C-cell hyperplasia and/or MMC; however, the clinical prognosis for these patients is very good.
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Soori, Maryam, Bibi Zahra Nejad Ghaffar, Hossein Abbaspour, Hamid Hashemi-Moghaddam e Reza Moradi. "Investigation of Antioxidant and Antibacterial Effect of Chemical Compounds Cardamine uliginosa Plant". Archives of Hygiene Sciences 12, n. 3 (29 settembre 2023): 130–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/ahs.12.3.12.103.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Background & Aims: Brassicaceae is a medium-sized family of flowering plants. The family contains more than 327 genera. Cardamine uliginosa is a type of plant of this species. Chemical and biochemical findings of this genus are very limited. This study aimed to investigate the chemical compounds and antioxidant and antibacterial properties of C. uliginosa. Materials and Methods: Essential oil was prepared by hydrodistillation method and microwave assisted hydrodistillation (MAHD). The chemical composition of essential oil was evaluated by GC and GC-MS methods. The antioxidant property of the hydroalcoholic extract was investigated by 2, 2-dipheny1-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) solution. Finally, the antibacterial activity of C. uliginosa was investigated using minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) methods. Results: Phetalic acid, Phenil, Caryophyllene, Eicosane, and other chemical compounds were found in the essential oil of C. uliginosa. The half maximum inhibitory concentration (IC50) of hydroalcoholic extract was 0.42 µg/mL. The MIC and the MBC against both Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were 15.62 and 31.25 respectively. The major compounds in the essential oils were 3-methyl-4-isopropylphenol (15.20%) and 1, 2-benzenedicarboxylic acid (16.75%). Conclusion: Considering the chemical compounds of C. uliginosa and the finding of the antibacterial and antioxidant activity of C. uliginosa in vitro, capability of this plant needs to be further investigated for use in health and medical industries.
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Robinson, Simon N., Paul J. Simmons, Nathalie Brouard, Shannon Kidd, Hong Yang, William K. Decker, Dongxia Xing et al. "Efficacy of ‘Off-the-Shelf’, Commercially-Available, Third-Party Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSC) in Ex Vivo Cord Blood (CB) Co-Culture Expansion." Blood 110, n. 11 (16 novembre 2007): 4106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v110.11.4106.4106.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract INTRODUCTION: Our previous studies have shown that clinically-relevant levels of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) expansion are possible by ex vivo co-culture of cord blood (CB) mononuclear cells (MNC) with third-party bone marrow (BM)-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) and growth factors.1 A recently activated M. D. Anderson protocol requires that BM from a haplo-identical family member be used for the de novo generation of sufficient MSC for subsequent co-culture, a process requiring ∼3 weeks. Time constraints, uncertainties associated with the identification of a suitable BM donor and potential variation in MSC performance make logistical execution of this strategy difficult. We therefore investigated the potential efficacy of ‘off-the-shelf’ commercially-available sources of MSC. Since MSC do not express HLA-II (DR) they are non-immunogenic, suggesting that this might be a valuable alternative strategy. We compared ex vivo CB HSPC expansion obtained following CB MNC co-culture with 2 commercially-available research-grade MSC isolated by density separation and plastic adherence (MSC#1, Cambrex, Walkersville, MD and MSC#2, Allcells, Emeryville, CA). A third MSC, isolated by Stro-12 selection (MSC#3, supplied by PJS) was also evaluated. METHODS: Two MDACC frozen CB units (CB#1&2) were thawed, washed and co-cultured with adherent monolayers from each MSC. Total nucleated cell (TNC) and HSPC (CD34+ cells and colony-forming units, CFU) numbers were measured at input (Day 0) and output (Day 14). RESULTS: TNC and HSPC numbers revealed that the 2 commercially-available research-grade MSC (MSC#1&2) supported ex vivo CB HSPC expansion. MSC TNC CB34+ CFU n/a - not available CB#1 #1 x 6 x23 n/a #2 x 3 x 8 x15 #3 x 6 x16 x23 CB#2 #1 x 7 x20 x31 #2 x 5 x10 x20 #3 x10 x16 x34 1 Robinson et al. x13 x14 x25 MSC#2 performed less well than MSC#1 for both CB units suggesting that variation may exist between individual MSC. These data suggest that the screening of clinical-grade MSC that perform optimally during ex vivo expansion co-culture might be warranted to best utilize this ‘off-the-shelf’ strategy. Data were similar to previous reports where TNC, CD34+ and CFU numbers were shown to increase approximately 13, 14 and 25-fold, respectively.1 Data were also similar for MSC#3, suggesting that the method used to isolate MSC does not appear to be an important variable for effective CB MNC/MSC co-culture. CONCLUSION: Although research-grade MSC were compared from different commercial sources, these data suggest that, in principle, commercially-available clinical-grade MSC might prove a valuable ‘off-the-shelf’ option, potentially reducing the time to therapy and addressing concerns associated with identifying a BM donor and variation in MSC performance. Future studies will evaluate FDA-compliant MSC that could be used clinically.
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Gomathi, N., e M. Uvaneshwari. "An Integrated Cross Layer Design to Enhance the Quality of Service of Video Streaming in Mobile Adhoc Networks". International Journal of Informatics and Communication Technology (IJ-ICT) 7, n. 2 (1 agosto 2018): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijict.v7i2.pp57-62.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
<span style="font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">The intent of this paper is to put forth a novel technique for improvising the QoS of multimedia applications in by using Modified dynamic mapping algorithm and Multipath transport(MPT) and Multi Description Coding(MDC). The improvement is attained by applying the MDC at application layer along with UDPLite in transport layer and multipath at network layer and Modified dynamic mapping in MAC Layer.Thismethod attains an increase of 30.84% in Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) and 18.57% decrease in delay in contrast to the conventional methods.</span><table class="MsoTableGrid" style="width: 444.85pt; border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184; mso-padding-alt: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;" width="593" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes; height: 63.4pt;"><td style="width: 290.6pt; border: none; border-top: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 63.4pt;" valign="top" width="387"><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 6.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">The intent of this paper is to put forth a novel technique for improvising the QoS of multimedia applications in by using Modified dynamic mapping algorithm and Multipath transport(MPT) and Multi Description Coding(MDC). The improvement is attained by applying the MDC at application layer along with UDPLite in transport layer and multipath at network layer and Modified dynamic mapping in MAC Layer.Thismethod attains an increase of 30.84% in Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) and 18.57% decrease in delay in contrast to the conventional methods.</span></p></td></tr></tbody></table>
26
Collum, R. G., D. F. Clayton e F. W. Alt. "Structure and expression of canary myc family genes". Molecular and Cellular Biology 11, n. 3 (marzo 1991): 1770–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.11.3.1770-1776.1991.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
We found that the canary N-myc gene is highly related to mammalian N-myc genes in both the protein-coding region and the long 3' untranslated region. Examined coding regions of the canary c-myc gene were also highly related to their mammalian counterparts, but in contrast to N-myc, the canary and mammalian c-myc genes were quite divergent in their 3' untranslated regions. We readily detected N-myc and c-myc expression in the adult canary brain and found N-myc expression both at sites of proliferating neuronal precursors and in mature neurons.
27
Collum, R. G., D. F. Clayton e F. W. Alt. "Structure and expression of canary myc family genes." Molecular and Cellular Biology 11, n. 3 (marzo 1991): 1770–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.11.3.1770.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
We found that the canary N-myc gene is highly related to mammalian N-myc genes in both the protein-coding region and the long 3' untranslated region. Examined coding regions of the canary c-myc gene were also highly related to their mammalian counterparts, but in contrast to N-myc, the canary and mammalian c-myc genes were quite divergent in their 3' untranslated regions. We readily detected N-myc and c-myc expression in the adult canary brain and found N-myc expression both at sites of proliferating neuronal precursors and in mature neurons.
28
Lukaesko, Lisa, Nicole Vasilevsky, Shelly Bambina, Keith Bahjat, Peter Hurlin e Andrew Weinberg. "The role of the Myc family member, Mnt, in OX40-promoted T cell survival (P4526)". Journal of Immunology 190, n. 1_Supplement (1 maggio 2013): 178.19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.190.supp.178.19.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract Together with T cell receptor recognition of cognate MHC-peptide complexes, signaling through OX40 promotes late-stage proliferation, survival, and enhanced memory formation of T cells. Despite its known role in co-stimulation, the intracellular signaling pathways regulated by OX40 are not well understood. Recently, we demonstrated that stimulation with an OX40 agonist increases Mnt protein levels by promoting Mnt protein stability. Mnt is thought to play a role in apoptosis, cell survival, and cell proliferation by opposing Myc activity through competition for binding to Max and shared target genes. Using siRNA-directed knockdown of Mnt, we demonstrated that Mnt is necessary for T cell survival ex vivo. In these current studies, we have examined the necessity of Mnt in OX40 signaling and function in the primary T cell response following vaccination. Using OX40-cre/ Mnt-floxed mouse model, we found that Mnt is required for the OX40-mediated enhancement of the primary CD4 T cell response following Listeria monocytogenes vaccination. In addition, we found that OX40 signaling decreased glucose uptake in T cells, a predicted consequence of Mnt upregulation and its antagonism of Myc-mediated glycolytic activity. Hence, future studies will examine if the glycolytic pathway is altered in Mnt knock-out T cells stimulated with OX40 agonists.
29
Noites, Alexandra, Iara Borges, Bruno Araújo, Joaquim C. G. Esteves da Silva, Natália M. de Oliveira, Jorge Machado e Eugénia Pinto. "Antimicrobial Activity of Some Medicinal Herbs to the Treatment of Cutaneous and Mucocutaneous Infections: Preliminary Research". Microorganisms 11, n. 2 (20 gennaio 2023): 272. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11020272.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
(1) Background: Superficial, including cutaneous and mucocutaneous infections are a current public health problem with universal distribution. One of the main concerns, in the present/future, is fungal/bacterial infections by resistant microorganisms. This study aimed to verify if decoctions of coptidis (Coptis chinensis, Ranunculaceae family), neem (Azadirachta indica, Meliaceae family), and their essential oils (EOs), as well as the EO of manuka (Leptospermum scoparium, Myrtaceae family) have antimicrobial activity against prevalent species of microorganisms responsible for superficial infections. (2) Methods: The antimicrobial activity was determined by the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), using broth microdilution method, and minimum lethal concentration (MLC) was determined from subculture of MIC plates. (3) Results: C. chinensis EO and decoction demonstrated some antifungal action against the yeasts and dermatophytes tested. Greatest bactericidal effect against Propionibacterium acnes and some action against Staphylococcus aureus was observed. For A. indica only EO proved activity against dermatophytes and P. acnes. L. scoparium EO showed the broadest antimicrobial spectrum with activity against bacteria, yeasts, and dermatophytes showing greater activity against P. acnes and S. aureus. (4) Conclusions: C. chinensis (EO/decoction), EOs of L. scoparium and A. indica proved in vitro efficacy against fungal, bacterial, or mixed agents of superficial infections, either by sensitive or resistant strains.
30
Momtaz, Hossein Emad, Shirin Moradkhan, Mohammad Yousef Alikhani, Farzaneh Esnaashari e Mojdeh Afkhami. "Study of antimicrobial effect of some plants of Lamiaceae family on Escherichia coli species isolated from children with urinary tract infection". Journal of Renal Injury Prevention 8, n. 1 (26 febbraio 2018): 38–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.15171/jrip.2019.08.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Introduction: Urinary tract infection (UTI) has a high prevalence in children. It is an important cause of renal scar, chronic renal disease, failure to thrive and hypertension. The unnecessary consumption of antibiotics results in the bacterial resistance to most common drugs. In addition, possible drug allergic reaction and side effects should be considered. Therefore, finding new antimicrobial compounds is necessary. Objectives: In this study, the antimicrobial effect of some plants of Lamiaceae family on Escherichia coli in comparison with common antibiotics used in UTI was investigated. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, the hydroalcoholic extract of 13 plant species from Lamiaceae family were prepared and their antimicrobial effects were assessed by the agar well diffusion method. In addition, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were investigated using the serial dilution method. The zone of inhibition (ZOI) of the growth of E. coli was compared between the studied extracts and five most common antibiotics in the treatment of UTI. Results: The mean diameter of ZOI was significantly higher for amikacin than the studied extracts and other antibiotics. Among the herbal extracts, the highest ZOI was observed for Nepeta crispa. In addition, the MIC and MBC of N. crispa were significantly lower than other extracts. Conclusion: According to the side effects and relatively high cost of chemical and synthetic drugs, use of herbal extracts, such as N. crispa may be recommended as an alternative treatment of UTI with E. coli. The results of present study are promising to introduce new candidates in the treatment of UTI.
31
Dickinson, C. J., D. Ingram e K. Ahmed. "The Mac Family of Physiological Models". Alternatives to Laboratory Animals 13, n. 2 (dicembre 1985): 107–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026119298501300204.
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Bahmani, Mahmoud, Morovat Taherikalani, Mojtaba Khaksarian, Setareh Soroush, Behnam Ashrafi e Rouhollah Heydari. "Phytochemical Profiles and Antibacterial Activities of Hydroalcoholic Extracts of Origanum vulgare and Hypericum perforatum and Carvacrol and Hypericin as a Promising Anti-Staphylococcus aureus". Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry 19, n. 11 (10 luglio 2019): 923–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389557519666190121124317.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Objective: Staphylococcus aureus, a Gram-positive bacteria, is ranked second among the causes of hospital infections and is one of the three main causes of food poisoning. In recent times, the spread of antibiotic resistance in S. aureus has become very worrisome. Therefore, research for new effective drugs is important. The present study aims to investigate the phytochemical profiles and antibacterial effects of hydroalcoholic extracts of Origanum vulgare (Lamiaceae family) and Hypericum perforatum (Clusiaceae family) and their active compounds on S. aureus (ATCC 12600) in vitro. Methods: The identification of phytochemical compounds in both plants was performed by Highperformance liquid chromatography (HPLC), headspace-solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). To investigate microbial susceptibility, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and disc diffusion method (DAD) were used. Finally, the results of the study were compared with methicillin. Results: Of the 42 combinations of O. vulgare, carvacrol (48%) and of the 38 combinations of H. perforatum, hypericin (46.2%) were the most abundant. The MIC, MBC and DAD of O. vulgare and H. perforatum, carvacrol, hypericin and methicillin were 625, 625, 312.5, 78.12 and 384 µg/mL, 10000, 10000, 2500, 2500 and 384 µg/mL, and 15.66 ± 4.49, 12.66 ± 0.47 and 22 ± 0.81 mm, respectively. Conclusion: Due to the significant effects of O. vulgare and H. perforatum and their active components against S. aureus, it is expected that in the future, hypericin, carvacrol and their derivatives can be used as effective antibacterial agents against S. aureus.
33
Yukina, M. Yu, E. A. Troshina, D. G. Beltsevich e P. O. Rumyantsev. "Family medullary thyroid cancer: etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis". Russian Journal of Oncology 18, n. 3 (15 giugno 2013): 52–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/onco40015.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) represents 2-8 % of thyroid malignancies. Predominantly MTC have sporadic nature but 20-30% of cases are hereditary caused by germ line missense mutation in RET gene with autosomal dominant inheritance. There are precise genotype-phenotype correlations of RET mutation location (genotype) with tumor manifestation age, disease aggressiveness, presence of components of multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome 2a and 2b types (phenotype). MTC is considering as slow-growing tumor but early metastasizing. Regional metastases frequently involve neck and mediastinal lymph nodes, distant — lungs, liver and bones. Calcitonin — highly sensitive biomarker of either primary or recurrent MTC.
34
Kamona, Zaid K., e Amer H. H. Alzobaay. "EFFECT OF ESSENTIAL OIL EXTRACT FROM LEMONGRASS (Cymbopogon citratus) LEAVES ON VAIABILITY OF SOME PATHOGENIC BACTERIA AND SENSORY PROPERTIES OF FISH BALLS". IRAQI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 52, n. 2 (19 aprile 2021): 268–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.36103/ijas.v52i2.1288.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) plant belongs to the Gramineae family. Lemongrass leaves essential oils were extracted by Clevenger method, antibacterial, MIC and MBC were evaluated against some gram positive and gram negative bacteria. Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, and micrococcus spp., recorded high sensitivity to essential oil with inhibition zone reached (40, 32, and 28) mm respectively. While Pseudomonas spp., Salmonella typhimurium, and Escherichia coli recorded (20, 20, and 22) mm respectively. MIC and MBC values reached (3, 6.5) % respectively for gram-positive bacteria and (25,50) % respectively for gram-negative bacteria. C.citratus leaves essential oil showed superior efficiency in reduction count of total microorganisms, coliform bacteria, psychrotrophic bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus, and molds and yeasts, as well as the elongated shelf life for 15 days of fish balls treated with (5,10) µl\gram of essential oil under refrigerated storage compared with control treatment ( no oil added) which excluded for test after 6 days of refrigerated storage because microbial load and bad quality. Fish balls samples Lg10 (treated with 10µl\g of essential oil) gained best sensorial properties of color, texture, flavor, taste and overall acceptability were recorded 9/9 at the end of storage compared with treatment Lg5 (5µl\g essential oil added) which gained acceptable sensorial score through refrigerated storage periods.
35
Sani, Sakina B., B. M. Usman, M. Hayatu, A. Y. Hardiyya, A. Bilkisu, M. Umma, M. M. Mamadina et al. "IN VITRO EVALUATION OF ANISOPUS MANNII AND LEPTADENIA HASTATA FOR ANTIBACTERIAL POTENTIAL AGAINST BACTERIAL ISOLATES FROM DIABETIC WOUND". FUDMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCES 5, n. 2 (1 luglio 2021): 109–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2021-0501-601.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Leptadenia hastata and Anisopus mannii – are perennial plants of family Asclepiadaceae. They are widely distributed in West Africa and are locally used as anti-diabetic agents in Northern Nigeria. This study was conducted to investigate the phytochemical constituent and antibacterial activity of the crude ethanol extract of the Leptadenia hastata and Anisopus mannii against some bacterial isolates from diabetic wound. The phytochemical screening was carried out using standard protocol and antibacterial activity was determined by agar well diffusion method followed by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) on the plant extract that showed activity. Result of phytochemical screening reveals the present of tannins, phenols, flavonols, saponins, and alkaloids in all the plants extract except in Anisopus mannii where alkaloid is absent. Also, result from antibacterial activity of leptadenia hastata demonstrated inhibition zones ranging from 11.5±0.71 to 20.0±0.00 at various concentrations (8mg/ml and 4mg/ml) against the tested organisms (Citrobacter specie, E.coli, Proteus vulgaris.) with MIC and MBC values ranging from 2mg/ml-8mg/ml. Hence, the ethanol extract of Leptadenia hastata can be considered as new therapeutic agent for the treatment of diabetic wound infection. Further studies need to be carried out to investigate toxicological effect and diabetic wound healing property of the plant.
36
Ijeoma, Anyanele, Sylvalyn, Ajiwe, Vincent Ishmael Egbulefu, Anyanele, Wisdom Chibuzo e Umeokoli, Blessing Ogechukwu. "Structural Elucidation and Antimicrobial Analysis of Bioactive Compounds from Amaranthus spinosus". Asian Journal of Applied Chemistry Research 13, n. 4 (31 maggio 2023): 31–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajacr/2023/v13i4252.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Amaranthus spinosus is a herb which belongs to the Amaranthaceae family and used by ethnic people in the treatment of various infections and ailments. As a result of its medicinal properties, it is gaining the attention of many researchers.
This research work was carried out to isolate the compounds present in the leaves of Amaranthus spinosus, characterize, use obtained data to validate its bioactivity.
The crude extract was obtained using methanol in a Soxhlet extractor. The pure extracts were isolated from the crude extracts using column chromatography and further purification was done using Sephadex. The structures of the isolates were elucidated using nuclear magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy.
In the validation of the bioactivity of the plant, some pathogens were used, including Escherichia coli, Bacillus species and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger.
The antimicrobial analysis carried out using two isolates from the plant extracts indicated the following zones of inhibition (mm) for the first isolate: 16.00 ± 0.01, 16.00 ±0.01, 15.00 ± 0.08, 16.00±0.08, 17.00 ± 0.08. For the second isolate, the diameter zone of inhibition (mm) includes 6.00±0.08, 5.00± 0.10, 26.00± 0.10, 5.00±0.08, and 16.00±0.10. These results were compared with a standard antibiotic, ciprofloxacin, and standard antifungal, ketoconazole.
The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) of the isolated compounds were determined and compared with those of the standard drugs.
37
Hassan, Lawal G., Kabiru J. Umar, Amina J. Yusuf, Ephraim Okolo e Umar A. Umar. "Characterization and Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity of Sorbitan Isolated from the Leaves of <i>Securidaca longipedunculata</i> (Fresen)". Caliphate Journal of Science and Technology 6, n. 1 (11 aprile 2024): 54–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/cajost.v6i1.7.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Securidaca longipedunculata is a shrub of the family Polygalaceae. It is a potent medicinal plant used in management of microbial infection others. The aim of this study is to characterize, and evaluate the antimicrobial activity of sorbitan isolated from the leaves of Securidaca Longipedunculata (Fresen). The methanol extract of S. longipedunculata was subjected to chromatographic purification, which led to isolation of compound identified as sorbitan by analysis of the 1D and 2D-NMR spectral data. The antimicrobial screening against bacterial pathogens (Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) S. aureus, S. feacalis, E. coli, S. typhimurium, P. fluorescens, K. pneumoniea) and fungal pathogens (C. albicans, C. krusei, A. niger, A. fumigates, and Microsporumcanis) was performed using agar well diffusion and broth dilution method. In-vitro inhibition of these pathogenic microorganisms produced inhibition zone ranging from 25 - 32 mm for sorbitan; the standard drugs sparfloxacin and ciprofloxacin (500µg/mL) had zone of inhibition ranging from 28 - 40 mm. While the antifungal drugs fluconazole and Fulcin exhibited zone of inhibition ranging from 27 mm to 34 mm. Minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) values of sorbitan ranged from 25 - 12.5 mg/mL. The minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC)/minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) of sorbitan was observed to be 50 - 25 mg/mL. Sorbitan was isolated and characterized from S. longipedunculata leaves extract and it demonstrated good antimicrobial activity which validates the used of the plant leaves in the treatment of microbial infections in traditional medicine.
38
Brägelmann, Johannes, Stefanie Böhm, Matthew R. Guthrie, Gurkan Mollaoglu, Trudy G. Oliver e Martin L. Sos. "Family matters: How MYC family oncogenes impact small cell lung cancer". Cell Cycle 16, n. 16 (27 luglio 2017): 1489–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15384101.2017.1339849.
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Primavilla, Sara, Cinzia Pagano, Rossana Roila, Raffaella Branciari, David Ranucci, Andrea Valiani, Maurizio Ricci e Luana Perioli. "Antibacterial Activity of Crocus sativus L. Petals Extracts against Foodborne Pathogenic and Spoilage Microorganisms, with a Special Focus on Clostridia". Life 13, n. 1 (25 dicembre 2022): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life13010060.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the use of novel antimicrobial agents able to inhibit or kill food-borne bacteria or to interrupt the onset of food spoilage. Crocus sativus L. petals, typically considered as waste obtained from saffron spice production, could be a source of natural bioactive compounds to be used as food preservatives. The purpose of this work was to investigate the antibacterial properties of two hydroalcoholicsaffron petal extracts obtained by maceration (SPEA) and by ultrasonic bath (SPEB) methods. The main polyphenols identified in both extracts were gallic and chlorogenic acids, representing almost 70% of the phenolic fraction monitored. The antibacterial activity was studied by the agar well-diffusion method, against food-borne pathogenic and spoilage bacteria. Both extracts showed activity mainly against Gram-positive bacteria, in particular those belonging to the Clostridiaceae family (C. perfringens, C. botulinum and C. difficile), with inhibition zone diameters ranging from 13 to 18 mm. The antibacterial properties against Clostridia were further analyzed, determining MIC and MBC and performing a time-kill test. SPEA showed lower MIC/MBC values (250 mg/mL) compared to SPEB (500 mg/mL), suggesting that it could be more active against the assayed strains, probably because of its higher content of gallic acid. SPEA and SPEB, tested at a concentration of 1 × MIC, showed bactericidal activity against C. perfringens, C. botulinum and C. difficile and these results suggest that saffron petals could represent a valuable natural alternative source to conventional preservatives. Further investigations are needed to evaluate possible applications in the food industry.
40
Wankhede, Savita Bajrang, Madhushree Madhumita Routh, Sandeep Balsingh Rajput e Sankuny Mohan Karuppayil. "Antifungal properties of selected plants of Apocynaceae family against the human fungal pathogen Candida albicans". International Current Pharmaceutical Journal 2, n. 7 (1 giugno 2013): 122–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/icpj.v2i7.15155.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The ethnobotanical evaluation of plant based chemicals has proven themselves greatly in last few decades. Plants have been a rich source of therapeutic agents and form the basis of traditional medicine system. On the basis of this, in vitro antifungal activities of extracts of Catharanthus roseus, Nerium oleander and Taberenemontana divaricata leaf extracts were evaluated in the present study by 96 well microtiter plate assays using human fungal pathogen Candida albicans ATCC90028 strain. The activity was measured by spectophotometric methods to determine the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC). The Minimum Fungicidal Concentrations (MFC) for the extracts was also determined by a plate assay. The distilled water extract, petroleum ether extract, methanolic extract, ethyl acetate extract and sequential distilled water leaf extracts of all the plants showed potential activity against C. albicans ATCC 90028. The study ascertains the value of Apocynaceae plants, which could be of considerable interest to the development of new safer antifungals.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/icpj.v2i7.15155 International Current Pharmaceutical Journal, June 2013, 2(7): 122-125
41
Jørgensen, Fritz, Tom Kristensen, Lars U. Lamm e Flemming Kissmeyer-Nielsen. "MLC (HLA-D) Typing: A Family Study". Tissue Antigens 10, n. 5 (11 dicembre 2008): 379–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-0039.1977.tb00774.x.
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Shah, Parag P., e Levi J. Beverly. "UBQLN Family Members Regulate MYC in Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells". Cancers 15, n. 13 (28 giugno 2023): 3389. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers15133389.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The ubiquilin family (UBQLN) of proteins consists of five closely related members (UBQLN1, UBQLN2, UBQLN3, UBQLN4, and UBQLNL) that have a high degree of similarity at the level of both amino acid and domain structure. The role of UBQLN1 and UBQLN2 in regulating processes involved in cancer progression and tumorigenesis is still not completely understood. MYC is an oncogene and is well known to play important roles in cancer progression and metastasis. Herein, we show that the loss of UBQLN1 and UBQLN2 causes increased cell viability, cell proliferation, cell migration, clonogenic potential, and cell cycle progression, which is associated with increased MYC expression. UBQLN1 and UBQLN2 interact with phosphorylated MYC and facilitate its degradation. The overexpression of UBQLN1 reverses the increased expression of MYC following the loss of UBQLN2. Further, we present evidence that decreasing MYC levels back to baseline can reverse phenotypes driven by the loss of UBQLN1 or UBQLN2. Finally, we show that loss of UBQLN1 drives tumorigenesis and lung metastasis in mice which are associated with an increase in the expression of MYC, proteins involved in cell cycle progression, and EMT. Taken together, our results suggest for the first time a novel role of UBQLN1 and UBQLN2 in regulating MYC in lung adenocarcinoma cells.
43
Thobaben, Marshelle. "Family home care providers". Home Care Provider 6, n. 6 (dicembre 2001): 180–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1067/mhc.2000.120989.
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Nikiforov, Mikhail A., Sanjay Chandriani, Jeonghyeon Park, Iulia Kotenko, Dina Matheos, Anna Johnsson, Steven B. McMahon e Michael D. Cole. "TRRAP-Dependent and TRRAP-Independent Transcriptional Activation by Myc Family Oncoproteins". Molecular and Cellular Biology 22, n. 14 (15 luglio 2002): 5054–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.22.14.5054-5063.2002.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
ABSTRACT We demonstrate that transformation-transactivation domain-associated protein (TRRAP) binding and the recruitment of histone H3 and H4 acetyltransferase activities are required for the transactivation of a silent telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) gene in exponentially growing human fibroblasts by c-Myc or N-Myc protein. However, recruitment of TRRAP by c- or N-Myc is dispensable for the partial induction of several basally expressed genes in exponentially growing primary and immortalized fibroblasts. Furthermore, recruitment of TRRAP is required for c-Myc- or N-Myc-mediated oncogenic transformation but not for the partial restoration of the growth defect in myc-null fibroblasts. A segment of the adenovirus E1A protein fused to a transformation-defective N-Myc protein carrying a small deletion in the transactivation domain specifically restores interaction with TRRAP, activates the silent TERT gene, induces acetylation of histones H3 and H4 at the TERT promoter, and transforms primary cells. Accordingly, wild-type L-Myc is much less efficient in TRRAP binding, activation of the silent TERT gene, and transformation of primary fibroblasts. Nevertheless, L-Myc is a potent activator of several basally expressed genes and can fully restore the growth defect of myc-null cells. These results suggest a differential requirement for TRRAP for several Myc-mediated activities.
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Ofei-Dodoo, Samuel, Cassie Scripter e Rick Kellerman. "Job Satisfaction and Burnout Among Nonclinical Workers in a Medical Education Center". Family Medicine 50, n. 3 (7 marzo 2018): 223–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.22454/fammed.2018.473306.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Background and Objectives: Research into the rates of burnout among nonclinical workers is nonexistent at medical education centers (MECs). The first goal of this study was to explore the prevalence of burnout among nonclinical faculty and staff working at a local MEC. The second goal was to identify predictors of burnout using job satisfaction dimensions—supervision, coworkers, contingency rewards, and nature of work. Methods: The study included a convenience sample of 95 nonclinical faculty and staff working at a local MEC. Data from these workers were collected between December 2016 and January 2017. The Abbreviated Maslach Burnout Inventory (AMBI) was used to measure burnout while a modified Spector’s Job Satisfaction Survey (JSS) was used to measure participants’ job satisfaction. The authors correlated the dimensions of the AMBI and JSS. They also conducted multiple regression analysis using the four dimensions of JSS to determine predictors of participant burnout. Results: The data showed that 1% of the 95 respondents reported high burnout and 35% reported medium burnout on the scale. Correlation coefficient showed that job satisfaction and burnout strongly and negatively correlated (r[93]=-.66; P<.001). Multiple regression analysis showed that nature of work (β=-.49) and coworkers (β=-.30) were significant predictors of burnout (R=0.74; F[4, 90]=26.81; P<.001). Conclusions: Nonclinical workers at a local MEC were generally satisfied with their job and showed a moderate degree of burnout. Compared to the general population, our sample reported less burnout.
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Davletgildeeva, Anastasiia T., Timofey E. Tyugashev, Mingxing Zhao, Nikita A. Kuznetsov, Alexander A. Ishchenko, Murat Saparbaev e Aleksandra A. Kuznetsova. "Individual Contributions of Amido Acid Residues Tyr122, Ile168, and Asp173 to the Activity and Substrate Specificity of Human DNA Dioxygenase ABH2". Cells 12, n. 14 (13 luglio 2023): 1839. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells12141839.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Human Fe(II)/α-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase ABH2 plays a crucial role in the direct reversal repair of nonbulky alkyl lesions in DNA nucleobases, e.g., N1-methyladenine (m1A), N3-methylcytosine (m3C), and some etheno derivatives. Moreover, ABH2 is capable of a less efficient oxidation of an epigenetic DNA mark called 5-methylcytosine (m5C), which typically is a specific target of DNA dioxygenases from the TET family. In this study, to elucidate the mechanism of the substrate specificity of ABH2, we investigated the role of several active-site amino acid residues. Functional mapping of the lesion-binding pocket was performed through the analysis of the functions of Tyr122, Ile168, and Asp173 in the damaged base recognition mechanism. Interactions of wild-type ABH2, or its mutants Y122A, I168A, or D173A, with damaged DNA containing the methylated base m1A or m3C or the epigenetic marker m5C were analyzed by molecular dynamics simulations and kinetic assays. Comparative analysis of the enzymes revealed an effect of the substitutions on DNA binding and on catalytic activity. Obtained data clearly demonstrate the effect of the tested amino acid residues on the catalytic activity of the enzymes rather than the DNA-binding ability. Taken together, these data shed light on the molecular and kinetic consequences of the substitution of active-site residues for the mechanism of the substrate recognition.
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Noites, Alexandra, Bruno Araújo, Jorge Machado e Eugénia Pinto. "Antifungal Potential of Some Herb Decoctions and Essential Oils on Candida Species". Healthcare 10, n. 10 (21 settembre 2022): 1820. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10101820.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
(1) Background: Candidiasis is a fungal infectious disease caused by opportunistic Candida species. The incidence of candidiasis has improved, due to prolonged antibiotic therapy and an increased number of immunocompromised patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate if decoctions and essential oil (EO) of neem (Azadirachta indica, Meliaceae family), coptidis (Coptis chinensis, Ranunculaceae family), magnolia (Magnolia officinalis, Magnoliaceae family), scutellaria (Scutellaria barbata, Lamiaceae family), and the EO of manuka (Leptospermum scoparium, Myrtaceae family), have antifungal activity in vitro against some clinically prevalent species of Candida. (2) Methods: The antifungal activity was studied by the determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum lethal concentration (MLC) against five Candida strains. The effect in dimorphic transition of Candida albicans was also evaluated for the two plants with higher antimicrobial behavior. (3) Results: C. chinensis decoction and EO and L. scoparium EO exhibited antifungal activity in Candida spp. In addition to the fact that both C. chinensis decoction and EO proved strong antifungal activity, L. scoparium EO also displayed a relevant inhibitory effect on the dimorphic transition. (4) Conclusions: The results provided support for the potential use of C. chinensis and L. scoparium in the treatment of infections by Candida spp.
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Güllich, Angélica Aparecida da Costa, Denise Lima Feksa, Patricia Martinez Oliveira, Elizandra Gomes Schmitt, Laura Smolski Dos Santos, Gênifer Erminda Schreiner, Cheila Denise Ottonelli Stopiglia e Vanusa Manfredini. "Effects of the hydroalcoholic extract of leaves and fruits of Physalis pubescens L. on antioxidative and microbiological parameters". Brazilian Journal of Health Review 6, n. 5 (10 ottobre 2023): 24475–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.34119/bjhrv6n5-496.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Species from Physalis genus (Solanaceae family) have various therapeutic activities, such as anti-inflammatory, antitumor and antihyperglycemic. However, there are few studies about microbiological effects of this Physalis pubescens specie. The aim of this work was to investigate on antioxidative nad microbiological parameters of the hydroalcoholic extract of the leaves and fruits of Physalis pubescens L. The phytochemical analysis was realized by High Performance Liquid Chromatography - Diode Array Detector and Evaluation of antioxidant potential in vitro was with classical methodologies. The antimicrobial activity of the extracts of was to investigate against Candida spp., Sporothrix spp. and Staphylococcus aureus and determine Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), Minimum Fungicidal Concentration (MFC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC). Leaves and fruits extracts inhibited Candida albicans (ATCC 10231, ATCC 10234, ATCC 18804, ATCC 28367, clinical isolates 7B and 3C) and Candida parapsilosis (ATCC 22019), leaves extract also inhibited Candida krusei (ATCC 6258). Leaves and fruits extracts inhibited Sporothrix schenckii SN, leaves extract also inhibited Sporothrix brasiliensis 8309 and Sporothrix schenckii 67 MRV. Leaves and fruits extracts inhibited Staphylococcus aureus (clinical isolates MRSA-2 and MSSA-4), leaves extract also inhibited Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923, clinical isolates MRSA-3, MRSA-4, MRSA-5, MRSA-6, MRSA-7, MRSA-8, MRSA-9 and MSSA-3). In the phytochemical analysis, the presence of catechin was observed as the major component both in the extract of leaves and fruits and elevated antioxidant potential in vitro. Therefore, are needs for further studies for this species and constituents in order to elucidate the promising effects.
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Ławryńczuk, Maciej. "A Family of Model Predictive Control Algorithms With Artificial Neural Networks". International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science 17, n. 2 (1 giugno 2007): 217–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10006-007-0020-5.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
A Family of Model Predictive Control Algorithms With Artificial Neural NetworksThis paper details nonlinear Model-based Predictive Control (MPC) algorithms for MIMO processes modelled by means of neural networks of a feedforward structure. Two general MPC techniques are considered: the one with Nonlinear Optimisation (MPC-NO) and the one with Nonlinear Prediction and Linearisation (MPC-NPL). In the first case a nonlinear optimisation problem is solved in real time on-line. In order to reduce the computational burden, in the second case a neural model of the process is used on-line to determine local linearisation and a nonlinear free trajectory. Single-point and multi-point linearisation methods are discussed. The MPC-NPL structure is far more reliable and less computationally demanding in comparison with the MPC-NO one because it solves a quadratic programming problem, which can be done efficiently within a foreseeable time frame. At the same time, closed-loop performance of both algorithm classes is similar. Finally, a hybrid MPC algorithm with Nonlinear Prediction, Linearisation and Nonlinear optimisation (MPC-NPL-NO) is discussed.
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Buteyn, Nathaniel J., Connor Burke, Eve Gardner, Vincent J. Sartori, Rhonda E. Ries, Todd A. Alonzo, Soheil Meshinchi e Timothy Triche. "Reclassification of ETS Family Transcription Factor Fusions in Pediatric AML Based on Molecular Drivers". Blood 142, Supplement 1 (28 novembre 2023): 4298. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2023-189474.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia (pAML) patients with a fusion involving an E26 transformation-specific (ETS) transcription factor have traditionally been considered high-risk. The most common fusions include ETV6::MNX1 t(7;12)(q36;p13) and FUS::ERG t(16;21)(p11;q22), yet primary fusion alone has proven incapable of predicting response to treatment. Indeed, within the 60 pAML patients with ETS fusions from the Children's Oncology Group (COG) trials AAML0531 and AAML1031, there were 25 unique fusions and diverse outcomes between patients who did share a primary fusion. A molecular based reclassification of ETS fused pAML could prove beneficial in the development of novel therapeutic additions to standard induction. Here, using genetic and RNAseq data from over 1,400 pediatric patients from AAML0531 and AAML1031, we reclassified ETS patients based on oncogenic transcriptional profiles as well as access to hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) ( Figure 1A). (19/60) patients presented with an enhanced MYC transcriptional signature (p-val < 0.00) independent of fusion partners [EP300::ETV6, ETV6::CCND3, ETV6::FAM133B, ETV6::FOXO1, ETV6::INO80D, ETV6::LMBR1, ETV6::MNX1, EWSR1::FEV, FLI1::IFIT2, FUS::ERG, FUS::FEV, FUS::FLI1]. Median event-free survival (EFS) was 293.5 days; median overall survival (OS) was 620.5 days. Notably, 100% (19/19) of patients with a MYC-driven signature relapsed; of the six patients who received HCST, five died within 3 years of diagnosis. Preliminary in vitro data in ETS cell lines with an enhanced MYC transcriptional signature (YNH-1, TSU-1621) suggests that the BET bromodomain inhibitor JQ1 may dampen MYC and induce anti-proliferative effects. (7/60) patients were defined by an EZH2-driven “immune-cold” signature characterized by global loss of immune receptors. Patients presented at diagnosis with significantly elevated EZH2 and low levels of MHC I and II receptors typically observed at relapse; additionally, there was significant downregulation in T cell and natural killer cell ligands and a 100% failure rate for HSCT. Median EFS was 255 days and median OS was 339 days. We have previously discussed the mechanism of leukemogenesis as well as proposed therapeutic interventions for this subset (Buteyn, ASH 2021). (34/60) patients did not possess either a MYC-driven or EZH2-driven signature. These “other” ETS were instead defined by whether or not the patient underwent HCST. (21/34) patients did not receive HCST and had median EFS and OS of 429 and 1194 days, respectively. The relapsed or refractory rate in this population was still 75%; (8/14) of R/R patients were deceased within three years. The remaining (13/60) ETS patients did receive HSCT in first remission. (11/13) are still alive and at a rate higher than the general pAML population post-HSCT (62.6%). Despite a survival rate at approximately 85%, ‘Other ETS +HSCT’ patients were all still categorized as ‘High Risk’ at the end of AAML1031. Overall, reclassification based on molecular drivers appears to not only be more accurate in predicting relapse and final outcome, but also in proposing novel agents for pAML patients who overwhelmingly do not respond to standard regimens. Reinvigoration of immune recognition by inhibition of EZH2 and/or inhibition of MYC-driven proliferation via BET inhibitors may prove an essential step in setting the stage for successful HSCT for a significant portion of pAML ETS patients.