Tesi sul tema "Livres de conduite"

Les arts d'aimer et les livres de conduite sont deux traditions littéraires très en vogue entre les XIIIe-XVe siècles. Grâce à leur célébrité et à leur longévité ils ont contribué à façonner la pensée de l'époque et au-delà.Sous la catégorie « arts d'aimer », applicable à une grande variété de textes à sujet érotique, nous considérons les traductions, voire les adaptations, de l'Ars amatoria d'Ovide, qui instruit les amants à maîtriser les techniques de l'amour, de la première approche jusqu'à l'accomplissement de l'acte sexuel. Cette œuvre écrite sous le règne d'Auguste et qui, déjà à l'époque de sa parution, avait causé des scandales, condamnant son auteur à l'exil, connut une vraie renaissance à partir du XIIe siècle, dans une période dénommée aetas Ovidiana. Elle fut traduite et reprise par les auteurs médiévaux les plus célèbres, dont Chrétien de Troyes, Guillaume de Lorris et Jean de Meun. Dans notre thèse nous analyserons cependant principalement les cinq traductions de l'Ars - encore assez peu étudiées par la critique -, toutes diverses entre elles, d'auteurs peu connus ou anonymes.Pour ce qui concerne les livres de conduite (dont le terme vient de l'anglais conduct literature), il s'agit de traités d'éducation à la vie laïque pensés tout d'abord pour la jeunesse. Ici, nous nous intéressons aux textes adressés aux jeunes femmes, qui couvrent toute l'échelle sociale, depuis la reine et les princesses jusqu' aux femmes du peuple et même aux prostituées, avec le Livre des Trois Vertus de Christine de Pizan. Les destinataires de ces œuvres sont parfois connues, comme Isabelle, fille aînée de Louis IX, la reine Jeanne de Navarre, interpellée par son confesseur Durand de Champagne, et Suzanne, fille d'Anne de France. Parmi les textes de notre corpus s'en trouvent de très célèbres, comme l'œuvre de Christine de Pizan et le Livre du Chevalier de la Tour Landry, et d'autres moins étudiés jusqu'ici par la critique, en particulier un texte qui nous est parvenu sous trois versions différentes et dont nous proposons la première édition.Les deux traditions littéraires ne pourraient être plus différentes entre elles, mais l'intérêt de les rapprocher repose sur le constat que, contrairement à notre attente, les livres de conduite présentent en creux le discours des arts d'aimer. Les auteurs et autrices de livres de conduite se révèlent en fait conscients et conscientes du discours érotodidactique en vogue à l'époque, qu'ils condamnent, tout en le reprenant ex negativo pour mieux enseigner à leurs protégées à se garder des périls de l'amour extra-conjugal. Pour analyser l'influence du discours de matrice ovidienne dans les traités d'éducation, notre étude se base sur les étapes individuelles du parcours amoureux selon la tradition des gradus amoris, à savoir la visio, l'allocutio, le tactus, l'osculum et le factum. Cette démarche permet de toucher à toutes les nuances de l'amour, ses degrés pouvant tous être associés aux cinq sens et à des parties du corps, ce qui facilite l'incursion dans d'autres domaines. Ainsi, nous explorons la mode vestimentaire, les contenances de table, les attentes que les hommes ont des femmes dans l'un et l'autre discours, pour arriver à la déconstruction de l'amour courtois opérée par les livres de conduite. Les attentes des deux discours sont basées sur l'image idéale (ou idéelle) que leurs auteurs ont de la femme ; en les croisant, notre analyse donne en revanche un aperçu de la vie réelle et plus complexe des femmes françaises du Moyen Âge et de leur rapport avec les hommes.Comprendre la formation de ces images idéales et de la conception des femmes, dont les textes de notre corpus sont un reflet et un moyen de diffusion, est fondamental pour saisir des vestiges millénaires qui se trouvent encore de nos jours, combattus par les mouvements d'émancipation féminine tels le #MeToo et le No Means No
The arts of love and the conduct books are two literary traditions that were very much in vogue between the 13th and the 15th centuries. Thanks to their celebrity and longevity, they helped to shape the thinking of the period and beyond.Under the definition of "arts of love", which can be applied to a wide range of texts on erotic subjects, we are considering translations, or even adaptations, of Ovid's Ars amatoria, which instructs lovers to master the techniques of love, from the first approach to the completion of the sexual act. Written during the reign of Augustus, Ovid's work caused scandal even at the time of its publication, condemning the author to exile. From the 12th century onwards, during a period known as the aetas Ovidiana, it enjoyed a veritable renaissance. It was translated and reprinted by the most famous medieval authors, including Chrétien de Troyes, Guillaume de Lorris and Jean de Meun. In our thesis, however, we will focus mainly on the five translations of the Ars by little-known or anonymous authors - still relatively little studied by critics -, all of which are different from one another.As for conduct books (from the English conduct literature), these are treatises on secular life, written primarily for young people. Here, we are interested in texts aimed at young women, covering the whole social scale, from queens and princesses to common women and even prostitutes, as in Christine de Pizan's Livre des Trois Vertus. We know some of the patrons of these works, such as Isabelle, the eldest daughter of Louis IX, Queen Jeanne de Navarre, who was addressed by her confessor Durand de Champagne, and Suzanne, the daughter of Anne de France. Among the texts in our corpus are some very famous ones, such as the work of Christine de Pizan and the Livre du Chevalier de la Tour Landry (the Book of the Knight of the Tower), and others less studied by critics, including one that has come down to us in three different versions and of which we are offering the first edition.The two literary traditions could not be more different, but the interest of comparing them is that, contrary to all expectations, the books of conduct present the discourse of the arts of love in an underlying way. The authors of books of conduct were in fact aware of the erotodidactic discourse so much in vogue at the time, which they condemned, while taking it up ex negativo to better teach their protégées to guard against the perils of extramarital love. To analyse the influence of the Ovidian discourse in the educational treatises, this study is based on the individual stages of the amorous journey in the tradition of the gradus amoris, namely visio, allocutio, tactus, osculum and factum. This approach allows us to touch on all the nuances of love, since its degrees can all be associated with the five senses and parts of the body, making it easier to delve into other areas. In this way, we explore fashion, table manners and the expectations that men have of women in both discourses, to arrive at the deconstruction of courtly love operated by the books of conduct. The expectations of the two discourses are based on the ideal image that their authors have of women; by cross-referencing them, however, our analysis provides an insight into the real and more complex lives of French women in the Middle Ages and their relationship with men.Understanding the formation of these ideal images and the conception of women, of which the texts in our corpus are both a reflection and a means that enabled them to be disseminated, is fundamental to grasping the age-old vestiges that are still with us today, opposed by women's emancipation movements such as #MeToo and No Means No

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O desenvolvimento infantil é impulsionado por meio de situações sociais nas quais a atividade da criança é privilegiada, mobilizando nela as ações de pensar, sentir e agir de modo cada vez mais elaborado. Por isso, o trabalho docente em escolas de Educação Infantil envolve a criação de condições objetivas para que ela brinque, se relacione, expresse suas ideias e exteriorize suas aprendizagens, tornando-se, assim, cada vez mais humana. Tais condições exigem a organização dos espaços, da utilização do tempo, dos materiais usados e dos relacionamentos em que a participação ativa da criança atua como elemento principal. Dessa forma, o problema norteador deste trabalho foi: como propor o tempo livre das crianças na Educação Infantil, tendo em vista seu pleno desenvolvimento? Buscando o objetivo geral da presente pesquisa de caracterizar os elementos que compõem o tempo livre na escola de Educação Infantil, foram abordadas questões relativas à gestão do tempo livre pelas crianças e a influência desse tempo para sua humanização sob a ótica da Teoria Histórico-Cultural. Além disso, esta pesquisa teve como objetivo específico discutir as contribuições do tempo livre para o desenvolvimento de capacidades humanas, em especial, a apropriação do autocontrole da conduta pela criança. A hipótese que norteou o estudo foi a de que o tempo livre na Educação Infantil possibilita à criança vivências que promovam o seu desenvolvimento humano. Com abordagem qualitativa, a pesquisa de tipo exploratória envolveu revisão bibliográfica em diversas fontes digitais para conhecimento da produção na área, entrevistas semiestruturadas com professoras e coordenadoras, e a observação de vivências do tempo livre propostas às crianças de quatro e cinco anos, em duas escolas municipais. Da análise de fundamentos teóricos derivaram implicações pedagógicas, tais como a possibilidade do tempo livre promover o exercício de diferentes capacidades humanas nas crianças e o acesso à cultura mais elaborada a fim de motivar, nos docentes, reflexões sobre o valor do tempo livre intencionalmente organizado para a formação e o desenvolvimento integral das crianças. As análises apontaram a necessidade de o professor reconhecer, no processo de desenvolvimento infantil, a importância do tempo livre para o protagonismo das crianças, promovendo propostas capazes de desenvolver e exercitar habilidades humanas fundamentais, tais como: a capacidade de escolher, de tomar decisões, de planejar, de buscar soluções e de trabalhar de forma colaborativa, gradativamente exercitando e apropriando-se do autocontrole em sua conduta.
Child development is achieved by means of social situations in which the child's activity is privileged, mobilizing her actions to think, feel and act in an increasingly elaborate way. For this reason, the *teacher`s work in a early childhood Education involves creating of objective conditions for children to play, to relate, to express ideas, to externalize learning, thus becoming more and more human. Such conditions require the organization of spaces, the use of time, materials used and relationships in which active participation of the child acts as the main element. Thus, the guiding problem of this work was: how to propose children's free time in Early Childhood Education, with a view to their full development? Seeking the general objective of the present research to characterize the elements that make up the free time in the School of Infant Education, questions were approached regarding the management of free time by the children and the influence of this time for their humanization from the perspective of Historical-Cultural Theory. In addition, this research had the specific objective of discussing the contributions of free time to the development of human capacities, in particular, the appropriation of the child's self-control of behavior. The hypothesis that guided the study was that the free time in Early Childhood Education enables children to experience their human development. With a qualitative approach, the exploratory research involved a bibliographical review in several digital sources for knowledge of the production in the area, semi-structured interviews with teachers and coordinators, and the observation of free time experiences offered to children of 4 and 5 years of age in two municipal schools. From the analysis of theoretical foundations derived pedagogical implications, such as the possibility of free time promoting the exercise of different human capacities in children and access to the more elaborate culture in order to motivate, in the teachers, reflections on the value of free time intentionally organized for training and development of children. The analyzes pointed out the need for the teacher to recognize in the process of child development the importance of free time for children to play a role, promoting proposals capable of developing and exercising fundamental human skills such as: the ability to choose, to plan, to seek solutions and to work collaboratively, gradually exercising and appropriating self-control in their conduct.

O presente trabalho analisa como o economista austríaco Friedrich August von Hayek estrutura sua teoria da justiça, identificando a realização do ideal de justiça numa sociedade livre com a vigência do Estado de Direito, ou seja, do governo das normas gerais de conduta justa, que deverão ser aplicadas sempre visando a igualdade formal (isonomia). Ainda, discute os motivos pelos quais o autor considera que a liberdade individual só poderá efetivamente florescer em uma ordem espontânea, que funciona baseada na concorrência, a qual só poderá se manter onde vigore o Estado de Direito e, portanto, haja justiça formal.
The present paper analyzes how the economist Friedrich August von Hayek structures his theory of justice, identifying the accomplishment of the ideal of justice in a free society with the Rule of Law, that is to say, in the government of rules of just conduct, which must be applied always aiming at the equality before the law (isonomia). Besides, this paper discusses the reasons why the author considers that liberty can effectively flourish only in a spontaneous order that performs based on competition, which will be maintained where the Rule of Law stands and, therefore, the formal justice is present.

NUNES, Jefferson Veras. Livres, puros e felizes: culturas juvenis e festas rave em Fortaleza. 2010. 200f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Sociologia) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Departamento de Ciências Sociais, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sociologia, Fortaleza-CE, 2010.
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This research discusses the relationship between music, youth culture and party in the urban space. Its part of the perception of youth as a socially constructed category, in addition to age and identity principles generally attributed to this stage of the life cycle of the individual. It aims to understand social practices, attitudes, consumption practices, discourses and symbols adopted by the youth during their participation in a specific type of electronic music festival, commonly known as rave. The raves happen not only in different places, but mainly in the open spaces, is also called “open air festivals”. These festivals occur most often in areas that stand out for its natural beauty, choosing to host the events from sites, farms and hotels away from the city. The empirical material from which stems the reflections that follow include bibliographical, documentary, and especially field research, participant observation carried out during the period 2008 to 2009, it was possible to attend 17 raves held in Fortaleza and cities neighbors.
A presente pesquisa trata da relação entre música, juventude e festa no espaço urbano. Parte da percepção da juventude como uma categoria socialmente construída, para além das faixas etárias e dos princípios identitários geralmente atribuídos a esta etapa do ciclo de vida do indivíduo. Tem como objetivo compreender sociabilidades, comportamentos, práticas de consumo, discursos e símbolos adotados pelos jovens durante sua participação em um tipo específico de festa de música eletrônica, comumente conhecida como rave. As raves acontecem não somente em locais diferentes, mas, principalmente, a céu aberto, sendo também chamadas de “festas open air”. Tais festas ocorrem, na maioria das vezes, em ambientes que se destacam por suas belezas naturais, elegendo como sede para os eventos desde sítios, chácaras e hotéis afastados da cidade, até barracas de praia localizadas em áreas pouco freqüentadas pela população em geral. O material empírico a partir do qual se estruturam as reflexões que se seguem inclui levantamento bibliográfico, documental e, principalmente, pesquisa de campo, com observação participante realizada durante o período de 2008 a 2009, onde foi possível freqüentar 17 raves organizadas em Fortaleza e cidades vizinhas.

This dissertation applies the concept of hegemonic masculinity. as first proposed by R.W Connell in her book Masculinities, to three works of medieval chivalric conduct literature. This dissertation asserts that the authors of the Ordene de chevalerie, the Livre de chevalerie of Geoffroi de Charny and the Espejo de verdadera nobleza create an image of knightly masculinity that demonstrates its superiority over other forms of medieval masculinity. At the same time, each text serves a secondary purpose; in elucidating the values and political aims of its author. The Ordene de chevalerie demonstrates the hegemonic nature of knighthood by means of its frame story while at the same time trying to show how the knighthood is intimately linked to the Christian faith by means of the ritual of initiation into the knighthood. The Livre de chevalerie provides guidance on how to obtain honor and prowess, while at the same showing how the knighthood is superior to the clerical class, another powerful mode of medieval masculinity. The Espejo de verdadera nobleza demonstrates that the hegemonic form of masculinity embodied in the knighthood was open to those who showed the necessary characteristics and won the approval of the sovereign. The Espejo acts as means of institutionalizing the knighthood and shows the first imaginings of how the knighthood would change with the advent of the Renaissance. By using a theoretical framework more common to the fields of sociology and management studies to explore these texts, this dissertation demonstrates how theories that are accepted in these fields may be applied to literary and medieval studies. This dissertation also seeks to bring greater attention to the genre of chivalric conduct literature, a genre that does not receive as much attention from scholars as other medieval genres such as epic and romance. This dissertation seeks to show that chivalric conduct literature is a fruitful field of study and that these three lesser known works in this genre provide valuable medieval perspectives on the concepts of knightly masculinity. Although these authors define knighthood differently, they all agree that knighthood plays a defining role in constructing and modeling a superior form of masculinity.

A presente dissertação abarcará cinco temas bastante específicos: a defesa da concorrência, a defesa do consumidor, a prática do cartel, as formas consensuais de seu combate e investigação e o bem-estar do consumidor. No Brasil, verifica-se que, tanto a defesa da concorrência como a do consumidor se unem por um objetivo comum: o bem-estar do consumidor. Por isso, práticas tidas como ofensivas à ordem econômica podem desencadear danos graves aos consumidores, sendo um relevante exemplo disto a formação de cartéis, especialmente os relacionados à alteração artificial de preços. Dentre as práticas abusivas previstas no CDC, foi lançada elevação de preços sem justa causa, o que torna possível que a prática do cartel ou, ao menos, os seus efeitos sobre o preço, possam vir a ser reprimidos por ambas as esferas. Nesse sentido, buscou-se analisar os institutos consensuais de combate aos cartéis previstos na lei de concorrência: o “compromisso de cessação de conduta” e o “programa de leniência”, assim como seus possíveis efeitos benéficos sobre os consumidores. Desta feita, a presente dissertação visou a responder aos seguintes problemas de pesquisa: (i) qual o arcabouço jurídico-institucional à disposição da defesa do consumidor e da concorrência? (ii) qual o liame entre estas duas esferas? (iii) o que é “cartel” e de que forma ele atinge os consumidores (iv) o que são o “compromisso de cessação de conduta” e o “programa de leniência” e qual a sua utilidade ao combate dos cartéis? A conclusão obtida é que a defesa da concorrência e a do consumidor possuem um objetivo comum, o bem-estar do consumidor, a primeira de forma mediata e a segunda, imediata. Ademais, verificou-se o “cartel” como uma conduta altamente agressiva à livre concorrência e aos interesses dos consumidores, sendo possível que seus efeitos, de forma indireta, sejam penalizados pelo CDC. Finalmente, verificou-se a grande utilidade das formas consensuais – “compromisso de cessação de conduta” e “programa de leniência” – não apenas ao combate aos cartéis quanto à imediata cessação de seus efeitos, mas também como grande ferramenta de prova de sua ocorrência e garantia do bem-estar dos consumidores.
The presente dissetation involves five very specific issues: antitrust, consumer protection, cartels, consensual forms of its combat and investigation and consumer welfare. In Brazil, it is found that both the defense of competition as the consumer defense are united by a common goal: consumer welfare. Therefore, practices seen as offensive to the economic order can trigger serious harm to consumers, being a relevant example the cartel formation, especially those related to artificial price change. Among the abusive practices set out in Brazilian Consumer Defese Code (CDC), it was registered the prices raise without just cause, which makes it possible that the cartel, or at least its effects on the price, may be suppressed by both spheres. Therefore, it sought to analyze the consensual institutes of cartel’s combat and investigation under competition law: the "Conduct Consent Decree" and "Leniency Program", as well as their possible beneficial effects on consumers. Thereby, this dissertation aimed to answer the following research problems: (i) what is the legal and institutional framework available to the consumer’s and competition’s protection? (ii) what is the link between these two spheres? (iii) what is "cartel" and how it affects consumers? (iv) what are the "Conduct Consent Decree" and "Leniency Program" and what is its usefulness to cartel’s combat? The reached conclusion is that the defense of competition and the defense of consumer have a common purpose, consumer welfare, the first in a mediate way and the second immediately. In addition, the "cartel" was established as a highly aggressive approach to free competition and to the interests of consumers, being possible that their effects, indirectly, be penalized by the CDC. - "Conduct Consent Decree" and "Leniency Program" - not only to fight against cartels to the immediate cessation of its effects, but also as a great proof tool of its occurrence and assurance of the well-being of consumers.

Normatively, protecting civilians from the conduct of hostilities is grounded in the Geneva Conventions and the UN Security Council protection of civilian agenda, both of which celebrate their 70 and 20 year anniversaries in 2019. Previous research focusses heavily on protection of civilians through peacekeeping whereas this research focuses on ‘non-armed’ approaches to enhancing civilian protection in conflict. Prior research and experience reveals a high level of missingness and variation in the level of available data on civilian harm in conflict. Where civilian harm is considered in the peace and conflict literature, it is predominantly from a securitized lens of understanding insurgent recruitment strategies and more recent counter-insurgent strategies aimed at winning ‘hearts and minds’. Through a structured focused comparison of four case studies the correlation between the level of quality, timely and consistent data on civilian harm and affect on the conduct of hostilities will be reviewed and potential confounders identified. Following this the hypothesized causal mechanism will be process traced through the pathway case of Afghanistan. The findings and analysis from both methods identify support for the theory and it’s refinement with important nuances in the factors conducive to quality, timely and consistent data collection on civilian harm in armed conflict.

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Trata da verificação de como a Internet é utilizada no processo de compra de livros por estudantes de pós-graduação da Escola de Administração de Empresas da Fundação Getúlio Vargas em São Paulo, buscando identificar similaridades e diferenças no comportamento dos entrevistados em relação à utilização da Internet nas 5 fases do processo de compra de livros e a variáveis demográficas, perceptivas, comportamentais e motivacionais que possam influenciar no processo. Os resultados apontam que variáveis como a renda familiar média mensal, as finalidades de utilização da Internet, o comportamento de pesquisa e compra de livros parecem apresentar uma relação com a utilização da Internet para a compra de livros

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O mundo do trabalho vem passando por alterações substanciais, notadamente em função do desenvolvimento da tecnologia, e, historicamente, a humanidade vem percebendo a redução da jornada de trabalho e o conseqüente aumento do tempo disponível. Nesse contexto, um importante campo de estudo é o lazer. No Brasil, ainda são relativamente poucos os estudos voltados a essa temática, o que oferece oportunidades de pesquisa, em especial aquelas voltadas ao entendimento dos fatores que influenciam o comportamento dos indivíduos em relação ao lazer. Um dos elementos principais na formação desse comportamento é o ciclo de vida familiar, que retrata os principais momentos da vida de um indivíduo, notadamente em relação à sua idade, sua situação familiar e sua condição laboral. No que se refere a lazer, um dos estágios do ciclo de vida familiar que parece representar uma forte ruptura de comportamento é o chamado Ninho Cheio I, quando o casal entra na paternidade. O presente trabalho objetiva compreender de que maneira o comportamento de lazer nesse estágio difere-se em relação ao estágio imediatamente anterior, bem como entender qual o significado de lazer para os indivíduos que se encontram nesse estágio. Para isso, foi realizada uma pesquisa de campo, exploratória, de caráter qualitativo, com uma amostra de 15 indivíduos casados com filhos pequenos e 4 casados mas sem filhos, todos ex-alunos de curso de Administração da Escola de Administração de Empresas de São Paulo da Fundação Getúlio Vargas (EAESP-FGV). Os resultados indicam que o ciclo de vida familiar representa, sim, um importante fator de formação do comportamento dos indivíduos em relação ao lazer. Para os indivíduos casados e com filhos pequenos, o lazer é, predominantemente, complementar, ou seja, constrangido pelos papéis de pai e mãe. Em comparação ao estágio anterior, há uma forte limitação das atividades externas e reforço das domiciliares. Além disso, há evidências de que a idade do filho exerce influência sobre o comportamento dos pais. Percebe-se que parte do lazer envolve o consumo de bens e serviços culturais ou de entretenimento e parte remete a praticas tradicionais como encontros dominicais familiares.
The world of work has been deeply changing, mostly due to the development of the new technologies. This has entailed a reduction of the working hours for many people with a consequent increase of free time. In this context, leisure has emerged as an important field for study. In Brazil, there are few studies directed to this area. There are many lacunae which open research opportunities, particularly those focused on consumer behavior in leisure. One of the main elements that seem to shape leisure practices is the family life-cycle, a it portraits the main moments of a person’s life in relation of age, family roles and working condition. As for leisure, one of the stages of the family life- cycle that seems to promote a strong rupture in behavior habits is called Full Nest. It refers to the period when couples enter parenthood. The objective of the present work is to understand 1- if and how the leisure practices in this stage are different of the immediately previous life cycle stage ones ; 2- what is the meaning of leisure for the person that is in the stage of Full Nest. For this purpose, a qualitative exploratory field research was carried out, with depth interviews applied to a sample of 15 married people with small children and 4 married people with no children, all of them alumni of a top Management School of Brazil ( Escola de Administração de Empresas de São Paulo of Fundação Getúlio Vargas) belonging to he upper middle-class. The results indicate that the family life cycle represents an important factor to form the person’s leisure practices. For the married people with small children, the leisure was, predominantly, constrained by parenthood. In relation of the previous stage, there was a strong limitation of external activities and a reinforcement of the indoor ones. Results also suggest that the age of the children influences the parents leisure choices (the younger the child, the more restricted the activities). It was also noticed that leisure activities involve the consumption of cultural or entertainment products and services.as well as a return to traditional practices as Sunday family meetings.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2008.
Additional advisors: Margaret Rice, Boyd Rogan, Foster Watkins, Martha Barber. Description based on contents viewed May 29, 2008; title from title screen. Includes bibliographical references (p. 112-120).

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Apresentar os elementos constitutivos essenciais e descrever as dinâmicas interativas básicas constituintes da "Síndrome de John Wayne" - SJW- são os objetivos primários deste trabalho. A SJW é um estilo de gestão e perfil de gestor marcados por uma concepção de sucesso que cega o indivíduo para as peculiaridades dos períodos de crises organizacionais. Baseando-se em fórmulas e procedimentos que lhe garantiram o sucesso em tempos de bonança, o portador da SJW nas crises desenvolve ações cujas conseqüências, em geral, agravam ainda mais esse período de exceção. Por outro lado, a pesquisa pretende também demonstrar que a SJW é atributo individual não só tolerado, como desejado pelas companhias em tempos de bonança, pois está em harmonia com formas organizacionais de um tecido social que enfatiza a projeção pessoal, sob os auspícios da fama e da celebridade, como sinônimo de sucesso. Assim, a SJW evoca o desejo desse gestor de ser um herói. Ele almeja ser um herói nos moldes do ideal heróico "épico", mas o século XXI flerta com a celebridade, sendo o ato heróico celebrado um dos recursos pará atingir essa condição

There is an on going debate in academia on the health of immigrants in their host countries. Many studies have indicated that immigrants tend to have poor health as compared to the native born population. Researchers in this field however hold divergent views on the causes of the poor health of immigrants. One school of thought attributes poor health of immigrants to premigration period. The contenders of this theory argue that during this period immigrants experience and are subjected to hardships which will affect their health later on in their lives. On the other hand, some researchers view post migration period as an ultimate determinant of the poor health of immigrants in their host country. These researchers ascertain that during this

period immigrants are faced with many challenges of adaptation and most often lack good integration in their host countries which hampers their health.

The aim of this study is to explore and describe the impact of migration and integration on the health of African immigrants in the Swedish society. A combination of both qualitative and quantitative methods was used to collect and analyze data with the help of the “triangulation “technique. A structured questionnaire was used as a guideline to the in-depth interviews conducted with African immigrants who have lived in Sweden for a period of five to twenty

years and plus. Twentyfive African immigrants from fourteen African countries took part in this research. This study was conducted in the city of Linköping in Sweden.

Results from this study revealed that majority of African immigrants self rated their health as being good. Many affirm to be in good health. However, a majority of African immigrants reported psychosomatic symptoms such as stress, fatigue, and other illnesses such as high blood pressure, and diabetes. It was also observed that African immigrants hardly seek medical help except when necessary. Health as defined by immigrants is “a combination of physical and

mental well being”,” health is ” happiness and joy”, health is “self realization and self esteem”, health is “vitality”, Health is a “sine qua non condition to good life”. However mastery of the Swedish language, and flexible opportunities, which will enable immigrants to access the labor market and be self-sufficient, may improve the immigrants health condition. Also integration of immigrants’ health professionals in the Swedish health care system may be a vital tool to

encourage immigrants to seek health attention and improve their health condition.

ALMEIDA, Nukácia Meyre Araújo . Jornal das Moças: leitura, civilidade e educação femininas (1932-1945). 2008. 261f. Tese (Doutorado em Educação) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Faculdade de Educação, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Brasileira, Fortaleza-CE, 2008.
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The present paper aims at analyzing the way how a textual support, whose communicative purpose is not determining norms and orders, performs among social conventions that are, little by little, absorbed by women. The analysis starts from a point of view that assemblies the History of Reading perspective and follows, consequently, with the History of Education, Sociology - with a historical basis, Linguistics and Discourse Analysis. The support chosen as a research source was “ Jornal das Moças”, a female magazine published in Rio de Janeiro from 1914 to 1965. The corpus consists of the publications from 1932 to 1945. The concept of civility, or the group of adequately social behaviors, leads our description and the support analysis. The concepts of ethos and of incorporation grounds the discourse of civility’s analysis, one of the files presented in the magazine. The results of the support analysis confirm the conduct assignments considered adequate to women in the 30’s and 40’s. Some social roles such as mother, housewife, wife and tutor are reasserted through many discourse genres which appears along the magazine and through the iconography present in many of the magazine texts. The analyzed genres which are surrounded by the civility concept are the short story, advertisement, advisement, and articles. The ethé of beauty and of reservedness; abnegation; dedication; submission and health; and wisdom evocate, respectively, the figures of woman, mother, housewife, wife and best tutor. The incorporation of adequate behaviors to the social roles predicted for women is obtained through the utterer’s ethos assimilation, by the adhesion to the announced ideas and by the representation of others social actors built in the discourse.
Neste trabalho, tem-se como objetivo analisar como um suporte textual, cujo propósito comunicativo não fosse determinar normas e injunções, age na propagação de normas sociais que pouco a pouco vão sendo assimiladas pela mulher. O exame se dá a partir de um ponto de vista que congrega o olhar da História da Leitura e, por consequência, da História da Educação, da Sociologia de base histórica, da Linguística e da Análise do Discurso. O suporte escolhido como fonte de pesquisa é a revista feminina Jornal das Moças, publicada durante o período de 1914 a 1965, no Rio de Janeiro. O corpus recortado compreende a publicação ocorrida entre os anos de 1932 a 1945. O conceito de civilidade, conjunto de comportamentos estabelecidos como adequados socialmente, norteia a descrição e análise do suporte. Os conceitos de ethos e de incorporação embasam a análise do discurso da civilidade, um dos arquivos presentes no Jornal das Moças. Os resultados da análise do suporte confirmam a prescrição de condutas tidas como adequadas à mulher nas décadas de 1930 e 1940. Os papéis sociais de mãe, dona-de-casa, esposa e educadora são reafirmados por intermédio dos vários gêneros do discurso que circulam na Revista e pela iconografia que acompanha muitos desses textos. Dentre os vários gêneros em que o discurso da civilidade investe, analisou-se o conto, anúncio publicitário, conselho e artigo de opinião. Nos textos, os ethé da beleza e do recato; da abnegação; da dedicação; da submissão e da saúde; e da sapiência evocam, respectivamente, as imagens de mulher, mãe, dona de casa, esposa e educadora dos filhos da pátria. A incorporação de condutas adequadas aos papéis sociais previstos para a mulher se dá pela assimilação do ethos do enunciador e pela adesão às ideias enunciadas e pelas representações de outros atores sociais construídas no discurso.

Dans un contexte de fortes pressions concurrentielles et réglementaires, les constructeurs automobiles introduisent sur le marché des véhicules dont les caractéristiques sont proches. Si les émotions suscitées par l’expérience de conduite constituent un puissant levier de différenciation, les concepteurs de voitures rattachent principalement la dimension affective aux propriétés stylistiques de leurs véhicules. Avec des innovations qui ne sont envisagées que dans une perspective fonctionnelle, les constructeurs proposent ainsi à leurs clients des prestations similaires, sans tenir compte des facteurs relationnels sous-jacents à l’utilisation d’un véhicule. Pourtant, la littérature met en avant l’importance de la dimension émotionnelle des relations sociales, qui représente selon nous une opportunité pour le Groupe Renault de se différencier, en proposant une nouvelle expérience de conduite orientée sur les interactions inter-conducteurs. Nous avons commencé notre travail par un premier terrain d’observation, dont l’objectif a été de déterminer les conditions et les leviers permettant l’établissement d’une relation entre les usagers de la route. Sur la base des premiers résultats valorisant la perception mutuelle de deux conducteurs, nous avons réalisé une expérimentation dite minimaliste comparant deux modalités de perception, appelées information perceptive et activité perceptive, dans le cadre d’une action collaborative. Cette étude souligne le rôle crucial de la dynamique interpersonnelle sur les mécanismes de la compréhension sociale : les résultats montrent l’intérêt, d’un point de vue émotionnel, d’accéder à ce à quoi l’autre est attentif. Nous nous sommes ensuite inspirés de ces résultats pour designer un dispositif de perception et d’interaction et étudier son rôle dans l’apparition d’émotions positives lors de la conduite sur route. Par le biais d’une expérimentation sur simulateur, nous avons pu faire émerger un nouveau type d’expérience de conduite résultant de la manipulation de ce dispositif. Cette thèse, sur la base d’un principe théorique mis à l’épreuve dans une expérimentation de terrain impliquant les usagers de la route, suit un processus itératif propre à une démarche de recherche-projet. Elle s’appuie sur une réalisation conceptuelle qui n’est pas une finalité mais un préalable. Elle propose des pistes de conceptions pour le design d’une nouvelle fonctionnalité intégrée dans le véhicule, tirant parti du contexte social de la conduite pour susciter des émotions positives entre conducteurs
In a context of strong competition and regulatory pressures, the vehicles on the market share common characteristics. Even though emotions elicited by the driving experience are a powerful lever for differentiation, manufacturers mainly attach the affective dimension to the stylistic properties of their vehicles. They only consider innovations in a functional perspective and offer their customers similar services without regarding the relational factor underlying the use of a vehicle. However, the literature highlights the importance of the emotional dimension of social relations, which in our opinion represents an opportunity for the Renault Group to differentiate itself by proposing a new driving experience based on interactions between drivers. We began our work with an observation field. Our purpose was to determine the conditions and levers establishing a relationship between road users. On the basis of the first results valuing the mutual perception of two drivers, we carried out a minimalist experiment comparing two modes of perception, namely the perceptive information and theperceptual activity, within the framework of a collaborative action. This study emphasizes the crucial role of interpersonal dynamics on the mechanisms of social understanding: the results show the interest, from an emotional point of view, of accessing to what the other is attentive to. We then used these results to design a device for perception and interaction purposes and we studied its role in the emergence of positive emotions when driving. Through a simulator experiment, we have been able to bring out a new type of driving experience resulting from the manipulation of this device. This thesis is based on a theoretical principle put to the test in a field experiment involving road users. We follow an iterative process specific to a research-project approach. We propose a conceptual realization that is not a purpose but a prerequisite. Based on the fact that driving is in itself a social interaction, we suggest ideas for the design of a new feature integrated into the vehicle which arouses positive emotions between drivers

ANDRADE, Maria Lucélia de. Filhas de eva como anjos sobre a terra: a Pia União das Filhas de Maria em Limoeiro-CE (1915 - 1945). 2008. 247f. Dissertação (Mestrado em História) - Universidade Federal do Ceará, Departamento de História, Programa de Pós-Graduação em História Social, Fortaleza-CE, 2008.
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The present research analyzes the Pious Union the Daughters of Mary, religious brotherhood of single women catholics in Limoeiro, Ceara (1915 - 1945). Aiming to form feminine models of moral behavior, this brotherhood was place of disciplines, norm and social distinction. The study examines practical of reading of the associates Pious Union, articulating dimensions: devotional, exemplary, informative, educational, entertainment and moralizing. Such practices are centrally prescribed in Catholic journalism, classifying and distinguishing between the good and the bad readings. The language of cinema is also broached in the study. The Library of the Pious Union participates of this research, forming a documentary corpus that includes pious and exemplary books and novels. The research still considers the performance of the Daughters of Mary in the educational field as teachers and as catechists in the Catholic proselytism.
A presente pesquisa analisa a Pia União das Filhas de Maria, irmandade leigo-religiosa de mulheres solteiras católicas em Limoeiro, Ceará (1915 – 1945). Visando formar modelos femininos de conduta moral, essa irmandade era lugar de disciplina, norma e distinção social. O estudo examina as práticas de leitura das associadas Pia União, articulando dimensões devocional, exemplar, instrutiva, educativa, moralizadora e de entretenimento. Tais práticas são prescritas centralmente no periodismo católico, classificando e distinguindo as leituras entre edificantes e perniciosas. A linguagem do cinema também é abordada no estudo. A Biblioteca da Pia União participa desta pesquisa, formando um corpus documental que inclui desde as obras piedosas e exemplares aos romances. A pesquisa aborda ainda a atuação das Filhas de Maria no campo pedagógico como professoras e no proselitismo católico como catequistas.

The most prolific woman writer of belle époque Brazil, Júlia Lopes de Almeida is remembered chiefly for her proto-feminist novels like A Falência (1901). This essay extends critical analysis to the heretofore overlooked Livro das Noivas (1896), a domestic manual once reprimanded by Jeffrey Needell as counterproductive to the feminist cause. With theoretical references to Genette, Agamben, Butler, Woolf, Ludmer, and others, it contextualizes Noivas within late 19th-century discourse on women’s education and the tradition of conduct literature, ultimately determining that Almeida subverts the conventions of the latter in defense of the former. Like João Luso, who declared Noivas a “curso” for soon-to-be-married women, this essay reads the book as a remedial addendum to the superficial education that left women unprepared to confront what Almeida and her liberal contemporaries deemed their responsibility to ensure the nation’s future by supplying it educated and healthy sons. In a deep analysis of the author’s extended dedication to her husband, Filinto, this essay moreover redresses Needell’s division of Noivas from Almeida’s novels. Rather than an aberration, the manual is a companion piece to the author’s fictional corpus. As a performative dissimulation of moral femininity, it compensates for Almeida’s unorthodox and, for the time, questionably “feminine” career.
text

Today, unlike yesterday we talk about Moral Regeneration amongst the Vhavenḓa youth of today and throughout the whole world. Strategies of combating this monster that is snatching our youth are recommended in this study. The problem dealt with in this study is the issue of Moral degeneration amongst the youth which needs to be regenerated. There are many causes of moral degeneration amongst the youth discussed in this study which are accompanied by the remedial strategies. As a way forward in this study, observations of researchers and scholars on how to find the solution about moral degeneration that has impacted on the lives of Vhavenḓa youth and other youth of today around the globe were focused on. The literature review in this study was based more on issues that are linked to Indigenous Knowledge Systems as discussed by various scholars. This study used the qualitative research methodology though quantitative minimally. The sampling of data was more purposive though there were cases of convenience and snowballing so as to get more data. Data for this research study was collected through questionnaires and interviews from a host of interviewees. This data was analysed using open and axial coding. The findings were grouped or categorised into major themes in terms of selective coding. Reasons behind the findings were explained too. Finally, consequences, implications for further study and also recommendations were indicated.
African Languages
D. Litt. et Phil. (African languages)

Text in English
This study explored the lived experiences of black African men who grew up in absent-father homes. A phenomenological approach and qualitative exploratory design were used. The research participants were recruited in the Pretoria, South Africa through purposive sampling. Interpretative phenomenological analysis was used to analyse the information. The findings of this study indicate the following: the participants experienced various challenges in growing up in absent father homes. These included financial challenges, feelings of rejection, lack of guidance and protection. They had to rely on their single mothers for provision as well as the extended family and the community for support. These men were self-reliant, persevered and worked hard to achieve their goals in life. Resilience also played a role in making them thrive. They in turn wanted to be good fathers and husbands to their wives and children. Further research on resilient men who grew up in absent-father homes is recommended.
Psychology
M.A. (Clinical Psychology)

Cancer is regarded as a global disease and one of the leading killer diseases in the world. The reason why cancer is so widespread and often misunderstood stems from multiple factors, namely, the lack of knowledge about cancer, unfair discrimination of persons living with cancer, inadequate or inappropriate treatment provided to patients, the stigma attached to cancer, misdiagnosis and late diagnosis of persons living with cancer, as well as the inadequate provision of screening programs to detect cancer at an early stage. The combination of these issues raises alarming medico-legal problems that merit further attention. The thesis will explore the origin, nature, philosophical and clinical aspects pertaining to cancer, as well as legal issues related to cancer and oncology. The study will conclude with recommendations aimed at mitigating and addressing the shortcomings that exist in the medico-legal framework. The study will also draw on a legal comparison of relevant South African, English and American laws and regulations. Since this thesis entails focussing on medico-legal principles, the study will draw on aspects of medical law, labour law, law of contract, law of delict, constitutional law and criminal law.
Private Law
LL. D.