Articoli di riviste: "Little Norway"

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Haug, Bente, Graham M. S. Dann e Mehmet Mehmetoglu. "Little Norway in Spain". Annals of Tourism Research 34, n. 1 (gennaio 2007): 202–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2006.07.011.

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Miller. "Camp Little Norway Club, Chicago". Norwegian-American Studies 38 (2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5749/norwamerstud.38.0001.

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Miller, Deborah. "Camp Little Norway Club, Chicago". Norwegian-American Studies 38, n. 1 (2020): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/nor.2020.a799319.

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Czekirda, Justyna, Bernd Etzelmüller, Sebastian Westermann, Ketil Isaksen e Florence Magnin. "Post-Little Ice Age rock wall permafrost evolution in Norway". Cryosphere 17, n. 7 (13 luglio 2023): 2725–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-2725-2023.

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Abstract. The ground thermal regime and permafrost development have an important influence on geomorphological processes in periglacial regions and ultimately landscape development. About 10 % of unstable rock slopes in Norway are potentially underlain by widespread permafrost. Permafrost thaw and degradation may play a role in slope destabilisation, and more knowledge about rock wall permafrost in Norway is needed to investigate possible links between the ground thermal regime, geomorphological activity and natural hazards. We assess spatio-temporal permafrost variations in selected rock walls in Norway over the last 120 years. Ground temperature is modelled using the two-dimensional ground heat flux model CryoGrid 2D along nine profiles crossing instrumented rock walls in Norway. The simulation results show the distribution of permafrost is sporadic to continuous along the modelled profiles. Results suggest that ground temperature at 20 m depth in steep rock faces increased by 0.2 ∘C per decade on average since the 1980s, and rates of change increase with elevation within a single rock wall section. Heat flow direction is primarily vertical within mountains in Norway. Nevertheless, narrow ridges may still be sensitive to even small differences in ground surface temperature and may have horizontal heat fluxes. This study further demonstrates how rock wall temperature increase rates and rock wall permafrost distribution are influenced by factors such as surface air temperature uncertainties; surface offsets arising from the incoming shortwave solar radiation; snow conditions on, above and below rock walls; and rock wall geometry and size together with adjacent blockfield-covered plateaus or glaciers.

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Rasmussen, L. A., L. M. Andreassen, S. Baumann e H. Conway. "‘Little Ice Age’ precipitation in Jotunheimen, southern Norway". Holocene 20, n. 7 (12 luglio 2010): 1039–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959683610369510.

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Canova, Emilie. "John F. L. Ross, The Rise of Little Big Norway". European Review of International Studies 9, n. 1 (13 aprile 2022): 148–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/21967415-09010001.

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Lewis, Simon G., e Jacky F. Birnie. "Little ice age alluvial fan development in Langedalen, western Norway". Geografiska Annaler, Series A: Physical Geography 83A, n. 4 (gennaio 2001): 179–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-0459.00153.

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Lewis, Simon G., e Jacky F. Birnie. "Little ice age alluvial fan development in langedalen, western norway". Geografiska Annaler: Series A, Physical Geography 83, n. 4 (dicembre 2001): 179–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0435-3676.2001.00153.x.

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Svarva, Helene Løvstrand, Terje Thun, Andreas Joachim Kirchhefer e Atle Nesje. "Little Ice Age summer temperatures in western Norway from a 700-year tree-ring chronology". Holocene 28, n. 10 (11 luglio 2018): 1609–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959683618782611.

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A ring-width Pinus sylvestris chronology from Sogndal in western Norway was created, covering the period AD 1240–2008 and allowing for reconstruction of monthly mean July temperatures. This reconstruction is the first of its kind from western Norway and it aims to densify the existing network of temperature-sensitive tree-ring proxy series to better understand past temperature variability in the ‘Little Ice Age’ and diminish the spatial uncertainty. Spatial correlation reveals strong agreement with temperatures in southern Norway, especially on the western side of the Scandinavian Mountains. Five prominent cold periods are identified on a decadal timescale, centred on 1480, 1580, 1635, 1709 and 1784 and ‘Little Ice Age’ cooling spanning from 1450 to the early 18th century. High interannual and decadal agreement is found with an independent temperature reconstruction from western Norway, which is based on data from grain harvests and terminal moraines. The reconstructed temperatures also correlate with other tree-ring-based temperature reconstructions from Fennoscandia, most strongly with data from central Sweden. Tree growth in Sogndal is correlated to the Scandinavian teleconnection index in the summer months, at least in the last half of the 20th century, and is positively correlated to the summer expression of the North Atlantic Oscillation in the early half of the 20th century. A significant response to major volcanic forcing in the Northern Hemisphere was found, and extreme years seem to be related to the dominance of high and low geopotential height that in turn represents variability in the path of the storm tracks over Fennoscandia. When compared with the variation in frontal positions with time of Nigardsbreen, an eastern outlet glacier from the Jostedalsbreen glacier in western Norway, cold summers in the early 18th century relates to the culmination of a rapid glacial advance that lead up to the 1748 ‘Little Ice Age’ maximum extent.

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Egeland, Marianne. "Little Women travelling to Scandinavia". European Journal of Scandinavian Studies 50, n. 2 (25 ottobre 2020): 314–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ejss-2020-2007.

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AbstractThe publishing history of an American classic in Sweden, Denmark and Norway illustrates how literature travels between countries and how translated books become integrated in the new national cultures. Louisa May Alcott’s Little Women (1868) still figures on lists of the most cherished, translated and influential children’s books. Sweden can probably boast of the longest translation history of all, starting in 1871, the latest translation appearing in 2016. The Danish material more or less replicates the Swedish, whereas data mining of the stacks of Norway’s National Library demonstrates to what extent a national culture is affected by translated foreign literary impulses and the wealth of sources in which canonized authors may leave a mark. “Little Women travelling to Scandinavia” addresses why Alcott’s book did so well there, why it appealed to readers, and in what circumstances it was read.

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Handulle, Ayan. "Little Norway in Somalia–Understanding Complex Belongings of Transnational Somali Families". Nordic Journal of Migration Research 12, n. 1 (2022): 88–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.33134/njmr.371.

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Neshe, Atle, e Svein Olaf Dahl. "Holocene Glacier Variations of Blåisen, Hardangerjøkulen, Central Southern Norway". Quaternary Research 35, n. 1 (gennaio 1991): 25–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(91)90092-j.

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AbstractA 1-m-deep gully section 460 m beyond the maximum Little Ice Age marginal moraines of Blåisen, Hardangerjøkulen, central southern Norway, revealed alternations of minerogenic and organic sediments. The geographical/geological settings of the dated section provides a unique on/off signal of Holocene glacier fluctuations of Blåisen. Lithostratigraphy, sediment characteristics, and radiocarbon dates from the study section indicate one period of glacier (re)advance between the late Preboreal deglaciation of the inland ice sheet and 8660 ± 100 yr B.P. A grey sand layer 56–57 cm below the surface is interpreted to be of fluvial/colluvial origin and is radiocarbon dated to about 7700 yr B.P. At 48 cm below the surface, a bluish-grey sand/silt layer is radiocarbon dated to 7590 ± 12 yr B.P. (6560–6240 B.C.) and interpreted to be glaciofluvial origin. A minor glacier oscillation postdates 1130 ± 70 yr B.P. (810–990 A.D.). The Medieval/Little Ice Age glacier advance of Blåisen beyond its modern extent occurred after 1040 ± 60 yr B.P. (960–1030 A.D.). Calculations of the modern and Little Ice Age equilibrium-line altitudes (ELAs) on Hardangerjøkulen suggest an ELA depression of ca. 130 m during the Little Ice Age maximum.

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Emanuel, Kerry. "Back to Norway: An Essay". Meteorological Monographs 55 (1 novembre 2008): 87–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/0065-9401-33.55.87.

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Abstract The advent of the polar front theory of cyclones in Norway early in the last century held that the development of fronts and air masses is central to understanding midlatitude weather phenomena. While work on fronts continues to this day, the concept of air masses has been largely forgotten, superseded by the idea of a continuum. The Norwegians placed equal emphasis on the thermodynamics of airmass formation and on the dynamical processes that moved air masses around; today, almost all the emphasis is on dynamics, with little published literature on diabatic processes acting on a large scale. In this essay, the author argues that a lack of understanding of large-scale diabatic processes leads to an incomplete picture of the atmosphere and contributes to systematic errors in medium- and long-range weather forecasts. At the same time, modern concepts centered around potential vorticity conservation and inversion lead one to a redefinition of the term "air mass" that may have some utility in conceptualizing atmospheric physics and in weather forecasting.

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Baklien, Bergljot. "Two-Step Drug Education in Norway". Journal of Drug Education 23, n. 2 (giugno 1993): 171–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/7pcv-47ef-g1yf-j1tm.

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A survey of drug education in Norwegian lower secondary schools showed that almost one-fourth of the programs were based on a two-step model, which is described in this article. The intensive courses were socially successful, and created motivation, enthusiasm, and changes of attitudes. More than 90 percent of the participants carried out the second step of the teaching. There were important differences from one school to another in regard to how the pilot pupils, and their teaching program, were received. They found it difficult to find sufficient time for their programs, and sometimes hard to keep their classmates in order. Most of the classmates found the teaching in the second step interesting, but they had little belief in the preventive effect.

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Baumann, S., S. Winkler e L. M. Andreassen. "Mapping glaciers in Jotunheimen, South-Norway, during the "Little Ice Age" maximum". Cryosphere 3, n. 2 (1 dicembre 2009): 231–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/tc-3-231-2009.

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Abstract. The maximum glacier extent during the "Little Ice Age" (mid 18th century AD) in Jotunheimen, southern Norway, was mapped using remote sensing techniques. Interpretation of existing glaciochronological studies, analysis of geomorphological maps, and own GPS-field measurements were applied for validation of the mapping. The length of glacier centrelines and other inventory data were determined using a Geographical Information System (GIS) and a Digital Elevation Model. "Little Ice Age" maximum extent for a total of 233 glaciers comprising an overall glacier area of about 290 km2 was mapped. Mean length of the centreline was calculated to 1.6 km. Until AD 2003, the area and length shrank by 35% and 34%, respectively, compared with the maximum "Little Ice Age" extent.

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Warren, Stuart L., Walter A. Skroch, Katharine B. Perry e Thomas J. Monaco. "Vegetation Management: Its Influence on Survival and Early Growth of Fraser Fir and Norway Spruce". Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 112, n. 6 (novembre 1987): 955–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.112.6.955.

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Abstract Seven vegetation management programs ranging from 100% cover of grass-dominated vegetation to bare soil were created on opposing north and south aspects. After 3 years, fraser fir [Abies fraseri (Pursh) Poir.] survival had decreased when grown in bare soil, compared to survival in the other management programs. Norway spruce [Picea abies (L.) Karst.] survival was not affected by the management programs. Maximum stem diameter and root growth of Norway spruce were obtained with a bare row regardless of the interrow vegetation. Root growth in fraser fir was similar to spruce, but bare soil was required for maximum stem diameter growth. Height growth in both species was affected little by treatment. Stem diameter and root growth were negatively correlated with above-ground herbaceous biomass in the row. Forbs interfered less than grasses with fraser fir and Norway spruce diameter growth. Norway spruce growth was not affected by aspect, but fraser fir was larger (height and stem diameter) on the south aspect when grown in bare soil.

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Araujo, Pedro, Marian Kjellevold, Ive Nerhus, Lisbeth Dahl, Inger Aakre, Vibeke Moe, Lars Smith e Maria Wik Markhus. "Fatty Acid Reference Intervals in Red Blood Cells among Pregnant Women in Norway–Cross Sectional Data from the ‘Little in Norway’ Cohort". Nutrients 12, n. 10 (25 settembre 2020): 2950. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12102950.

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There is a growing interest in determining fatty acid reference intervals from pregnancy cohort, especially considering the lack of reference values for pregnant women in the literature and the generalized misconception of equating reference intervals for nonpregnant women as equivalent to pregnant women. Seafood and supplements are important dietary sources for the omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 LCPUFA), such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5ω-3), docosapentaenoic acid (DPA, 22:55ω-3), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6ω-3). Sufficient intake of EPA and DHA is vital during pregnancy for the development of the fetus, as well as for maintaining adequate levels for the mother. This study describes the fatty acid status and suggests reference values and cut-offs for fatty acids in red blood cells (RBC) from pregnant women (n = 247). An electronic food frequency questionnaire (e-FFQ) mapped the dietary habits of the participants, and gas chromatography was used to determine the fatty acid levels in RBC. The association between e-FFQ variables and fatty acid concentrations was established using a principal component analysis (PCA). Twenty-nine-point-one percent (29.1%) of the participants reported eating seafood as dinner according to the Norwegian recommendations, and they added in their diet as well a high percentage (76.9%) intake of ω-3 supplements. The concentration levels of fatty acids in RBC were in agreement with those reported in similar populations from different countries. The reference interval 2.5/97.5 percentiles for EPA, DPA, DHA were 0.23/2.12, 0.56/2.80, 3.76/10.12 in relative concentration units (%), and 5.99/51.25, 11.08/61.97, 64.25/218.08 in absolute concentration units (µg/g), respectively. The number of participants and their selection from all over Norway vouch for the representativeness of the study and the validity of the proposed reference values, and therefore, the study may be a useful tool when studying associations between fatty acid status and health outcome in future studies. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first PCA study reporting a direct association between ω-3 LCPUFA and intake of seafood and ω-3 supplements in a pregnancy cohort.

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Bahşi, Hayretdin, Ulrik Franke e Even Langfeldt Friberg. "The cyber-insurance market in Norway". Information & Computer Security 28, n. 1 (18 ottobre 2019): 54–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ics-01-2019-0012.

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Purpose This paper aims to describe the cyber-insurance market in Norway but offers conclusions that are interesting to a wider audience. Design/methodology/approach The study is based on semi-structured interviews with supply-side actors: six general insurance companies, one marine insurance company and two insurance intermediaries. Findings The Norwegian cyber-insurance market supply-side has grown significantly in the past two years. The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) is found to have had a modest effect on the market so far but has been used by the supply-side as an icebreaker to discuss cyber-insurance with customers. The NIS Directive has had little or no impact on the Norwegian cyber-insurance market until now. Informants also indicate that Norway is still the least mature of the four Nordic markets. Practical implications Some policy lessons for different stakeholders are identified. Originality/value Empirical investigation of cyber-insurance is still rare, and the paper offers original insights on market composition and actor motivations, ambiguity of coverage, the NIS Directive and GDPR.

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Vaughn, Taylor, Marie Louise Seeberg e Aslaug Gotehus. "Waiting: Migrant nurses in Norway". Time & Society 29, n. 1 (17 ottobre 2019): 187–222. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0961463x19880145.

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Theories of waiting have created interest and discussion among migration scholars and especially in studies of asylum seekers, where imposed waiting is a key part of the experiences studied. ‘Skilled labour migrants’ such as nurses are privileged in many ways, and their migration-induced waiting, although significant, may be less evident to others. This paper uses waiting as a lens to help understand the experiences of nurses coming to Norway for work. We wish to contribute to the discussion about waiting by showing how experiences of waiting in migration may be less determined by structural conditions than has been suggested by the evidence so far. We argue that the experience of waiting arises at the intersection of politically imposed structural conditions and the messiness or complexity of individual, ordinary human lives. For nurses educated in Sweden, the process of registration is straightforward and takes little time. Nurses educated in the Philippines, on the other hand, meet major obstacles in the process, slowing down and sometimes permanently blocking their access to nursing jobs. While one might imagine an ideal, linear career that nurses could be expected to follow or want to follow, real life is not necessarily lived in a linear fashion. We use our material in this article to show how life happens and which role different forms of waiting may play in the deviations from any expected linear career. Viewing individuals from the two groups through the lens of waiting, we find similarities in the complexities of their lives, experiences, and reflections that it would otherwise have been easy to overlook or dismiss.

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Wiborg, Øyvind Nicolay, e Rasmus Juul Møberg. "Social origin and the risks of disadvantage in Denmark and Norway: the early life course of young adults". Work, Employment and Society 24, n. 1 (marzo 2010): 105–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0950017009353656.

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This study uses comparable Danish and Norwegian administrative registers in the period 1992 to 2003 to examine how social origin affects unemployment risks and social assistance reception over the early life course. Denmark and Norway have traditionally been viewed as similar in political, cultural and social aspects. However, labour market regulation in Denmark is more liberal than in Norway. This study therefore serves as a unique comparison of the impact of social origin under varying conditions of labour market regulation. Although the absolute probability of being disadvantaged decreases as individuals progress in age from 20 to 30 and varies between Denmark and Norway, the relative impact of social background is stable and similar. The results offer little support to theories that put a strong emphasis on inter-generational transmission through educational achievements, but rather point toward the importance of ascriptive resources. Generalised estimating equations are used to assess the repeated outcomes.

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Rasmussen, L. A., e L. M. Andreassen. "Seasonal mass-balance gradients in Norway". Journal of Glaciology 51, n. 175 (2005): 601–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/172756505781828990.

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AbstractPreviously discovered regularity in vertical profiles of net balance, bn(z), on ten glaciers in Norway also exists in profiles of both winter, bw(z), and summer, bs(z), seasonal balances. All three profiles, unlike those of many glaciers elsewhere in the world, are remarkably linear. Variations of gradients, dbw/dz and dbs/dz, from year to year are small and correlate poorly with glacier-total balances bw and bs. Glacier-to-glacier correlation is weak for both gradients but is strongly positive for bw and bs. There are two direct consequences of these properties of the gradients that apply to both seasonal balances bw and bs. First, because db/dz varies so little from year to year, the difference in balance, ∆b, from year to year is nearly the same over the entire glacier, except near the top and bottom of its altitude range. Therefore, balance at a site near the middle of the altitude range of the glacier correlates very well with glacier-total balance. Second, this correlation, combined with the strong positive correlation of balance from glacier to glacier, is the reason balance at one altitude on one glacier correlates well with glacier-total balance at other nearby glaciers.

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Sayers, William. "An Ill-Tempered Axe for an Ill-Tempered Smith: The Gift of King Eiríkr blóðøx to Skallagrímr Kveldúlfsson in Egils saga Skallagrímssonar". Scandinavian-Canadian Studies 24 (1 dicembre 2018): 16–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/scancan136.

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ABSTRACT: Current studies on, and translations of, Egils saga Skallagrímssonar approach weapons, in particular their metallurgical composition and forged details, with little reflection of recent advances in archaeology, both classic and experimental. This results in an impoverished appreciation of both the detail of the episode in which Skallagrímr Kveldúlfsson tests a richly decorated battle axe given to him by the king of Norway and the treatment and symbolism of axes throughout the saga. This episode, complemented by subsequent axe references, reflects and reinforces the founding narrative of the settlement of Iceland and the strained relationship between Iceland and hegemonistic Norway in the thirteenth century, the likely date of the saga’s composition.

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Bønes, Erlend, Conceição Granja e Terje Solvoll. "Implementation of the Flexible Assertive Community Treatment (FACT) Model in Norway: eHealth Assessment Study". Journal of Medical Internet Research 24, n. 1 (10 gennaio 2022): e32220. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/32220.

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Background Flexible Assertive Community Treatment (FACT) is a model for treatment of long-term severe mental disorders. This method has become more widespread in Norway. Objective The objective of our study was to examine how the implementation of FACT teams in Norway has been affected by eHealth policy, infrastructure, and regulations. Another objective was to examine existing literature on eHealth interventions and challenges within FACT teams. Methods We have examined Norwegian policy regulating mental health services, laws and regulations, eHealth infrastructure, relevant literature on FACT teams, and current implementation of FACT in Norway. Results FACT teams are a wanted part of the Norwegian service system, but the current eHealth infrastructure makes sharing of data within teams and levels of health care challenging, even if eHealth regulations allow such sharing. This has been shown to be an issue in the current implementation of FACT teams in Norway. There is little or no existing research on the eHealth challenges facing FACT teams. Conclusions Weaknesses in the Norwegian eHealth infrastructure have been a barrier for an easy implementation of FACT teams in Norway. It is difficult to share information between the different levels of health care. We need systems that allow for easy, secure sharing of health information to and between the FACT team members and other involved health care workers.

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Tian, Zhiyong, Shicong Zhang, Jie Deng e Bozena Dorota Hrynyszyn. "Evaluation on Overheating Risk of a Typical Norwegian Residential Building under Future Extreme Weather Conditions". Energies 13, n. 3 (4 febbraio 2020): 658. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13030658.

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As the temperature in the summer period in Norway has been always moderate, little study on the indoor comfort of typical Norwegian residential buildings in summer seasons can be found. Heat waves have attacked Norway in recent years, including in 2018 and 2019. Zero energy buildings, even neighborhoods, have been a hot research topic in Norway. There is overheating risk in typical Norwegian residential buildings without cooling devices installed under these uncommon weather conditions, like the hot summers in 2018 and 2019. Three weather scenarios consisting of present-day weather data, 2050 weather data, and 2080 weather data are investigated in this study. The overheating risk of a typical Norwegian residential building is evaluated under these three weather scenarios. 72 scenarios are simulated in this study, including different orientations, window-to-wall ratios, and infiltration rates. Two different overheating evaluation criteria and guidelines, the Passive House Planning Package (PHPP) and the CIBSE TM 59, are compared in this study.

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Zachrisson, Henrik D., Eric Dearing, Ratib Lekhal e Claudio O. Toppelberg. "Little Evidence That Time in Child Care Causes Externalizing Problems During Early Childhood in Norway". Child Development 84, n. 4 (11 gennaio 2013): 1152–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cdev.12040.

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Hoff, M., S. Skurtveit, H. E. Meyer, A. Langhammer, A. J. Søgaard, U. Syversen, E. Skovlund, B. Abrahamsen, S. Forsmo e B. Schei. "Anti-osteoporosis drug use: too little, too much, or just right? The HUNT study, Norway". Osteoporosis International 29, n. 8 (17 maggio 2018): 1875–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00198-018-4560-3.

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Kobierecka, Anna. "Polityka wizerunkowa Norwegii – znaczenie dyplomacji pokojowej dla sukcesu Norwegii". Gdańskie Studia Międzynarodowe 16, n. 1-2 (30 novembre 2018): 22–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.7623.

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Norway is a small state with little population and pheripheral location. It has surprisingly strong nation brand and it is widely recognised at the same time, which seems to be unusual taking into consideration geographic and demographic determinants together with rather poor soft power resources. The aim of this article is to examin and analyse Norwegian image policy and its evolution. The main Focus is put on the aspects of peace diplomacy as a constant and meaningful element of Norway’s brand and image policy. The tested hypothesis assumes that the pressence of peace usage on various different levels of image policy in Norway is contributing the reputational and image success of this state.

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Brandrud, Tor Erik, Egil Bendiksen e Bálint Dima. "Telamonioid species of Cortinarius, section Safranopedes in Norway with emphasis on species in calcareous Tilia forests". Agarica 43 (1 giugno 2023): 15–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5617/agarica.10978.

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The Cortinarius (telamonioid) species of sect. Safranopedes (= sect. Rubricosi s. auct.) in Norway are presented, with emphasis on our calcareous Tilia forest species. Altogether 15 species from the section are now known from Norway. Most of these species must be regarded as so far little known, overlooked or misidentified. The species can be sorted in four groups in Norway; (i) more or less habitat-specific calcareous Tilia forest species (Cortinarius elaphinicolor, C. epipurrus, C. milvinicolor, C. parhonestus), (ii) small species in rich Corylus-Quercus-Tilia forests (C. russulaespermus, C. subexitiosus, C. sub-scotoides), (iii) small species mainly in conifer forests or with Betula (C. annae-maritae, C. comptulus, C. nigrocuspidatus, C. aff. pauper-culus, C. subobtusus) (iv) very small taxa associated mainly with Salix spp., including arctic-alpine populations (C. paululus, C. pauperculus, C. scotoides). The calcareous Tilia forests taxa include the core group of sect. Safranopedes; medium-sized taxa with violet KOH-reaction in context and often radicate, saffron yellow spotted stipe and context. This core group includes C. epipurrus (= C. pseudosafranopes) which seems not uncommon in Europe, and three apparently widespread but rare species, only known from a few localities outside SE Norway: C. milvinicolor is distinguished on its initially olivaceous grey brown colours, C. parhonestus on more vivid fulvous colours and C. elaphinicolor being more or less intermediate. A presentation and nomenclatural discussion on the type species of the section, C. safranopes is included, although this species is so far not confirmed from Norway.

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Keriö, S., S. M. Niemi, M. Haapanen, G. Daniel e F. O. Asiegbu. "Infection of Picea abies clones with a homokaryotic isolate of Heterobasidion parviporum under field conditions". Canadian Journal of Forest Research 45, n. 3 (marzo 2015): 227–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2014-0247.

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Heterobasidion parviporum Niemelä & Korhonen is responsible for the majority of decay in conifers in northern Europe, which causes severe economic losses. In nature, heterokaryotic isolates of H. parviporum cause infection in Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.). However, little is known on whether homokaryons of H. parviporum can infect trees under field conditions. In this study, 40-year-old clonal Norway spruce stems and roots were inoculated with a homokaryotic isolate of H. parviporum under field conditions. After four months, the infection frequency and necrotic lesion lengths were recorded. The homokaryon caused infection and provoked the development of necrotic lesions. Necrotic lesions were larger in roots than in stems. Among the studied Norway spruce genotypes, a Russian clone had the smallest necrotic lesions, whereas a Finnish clone developed the largest necrotic lesions. Clones with higher growth rates were more sensitive to fungal infection and wound damage. Under microscopic observation, H. parviporum grew adpressed to lumen cell walls, colonized tracheids next to rays, and induced lignification in cell walls close to the point of inoculation. This study provides a starting point for further studies on the ability of homokaryons to cause infection under field conditions and for discussions on factors affecting the resistance of Norway spruce against H. parviporum.

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Leary, Jame P. "Storviken in the Old World and the New". Journal of American Folklore 118, n. 468 (1 aprile 2005): 141–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4137699.

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Abstract This case study ofa legend cycle, extending from Norway to Wisconsin, argues that American folklorists, preoccupied as they have become with adolescent legendry, still know far too little about the sustained relationships between legends, old country hearths, and new world regions-particularly those regions where peoples of other than Anglo-American descent dominate the cultural landscape.

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Sundsbø, Astrid Ouahyb. "Universal Parenting Support in Norway – An Unfulfilled Promise". Social Policy and Society 17, n. 3 (7 febbraio 2018): 503–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474746417000586.

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This article examines the expansion and underlying aims of structured parenting support in Norway. Norway's approach to parenting support differs from that of most other countries (Glavin and Schaffer, 2014), in supposedly being universal and offered to all parents (Eng et al., 2017). However, it is difficult to determine whether parenting support in Norway is actually unique, since little is known about how it is implemented in practice (Bråten and Sønsterudbråten, 2016; Wesseltoft-Rao et al., 2017). This article contributes further knowledge of how parenting support travels from national-level policy-making down to the level of municipal institutions where it is implemented. The analysis draws upon insights from a comprehensive case study in Bergen, Norway's second largest city, that included fieldwork observations and service mapping over a period of two years (2015–2017), a large number of in-depth interviews with various stakeholders, and analysis of relevant documents (advertisements, project applications and project reports, budgets, etc.).

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Liestøl, Knut, Margit Rosenberg e Lars Walløe. "Breast-feeding practice in Norway 1860–1984". Journal of Biosocial Science 20, n. 1 (gennaio 1988): 45–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021932000017247.

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SummaryData from birth records with information on previously born children from three maternity hospitals in Norway have been used to study the trend in breast-feeding practice from 1860 to 1984. During the whole period, the percentage of women breast-feeding for at least 1 week was remarkably high, above 90%. The results show a fairly stable duration of breast-feeding up until 1920, at least 3 months in approximately 80% of the women. After that year, the distribution of the duration of breast-feeding changed dramatically. The shortest durations were found in the late 1960s, when only about 30% lactated for 3 months or more. The duration then increased quickly, so that at the beginning of the 1980s about 80% of the women were again breast-feeding for at least 3 months.By multiple regression methods, the relationships of several independent variables to the duration of breast-feeding were investigated. Married women lactated for 1·5–3 months longer than unmarried, the difference being largest before 1920. First-born children were breast-fed for a little shorter time than second and later-born children. Until World War II women of lowest social strata had the longest durations of breast-feeding, and then the situation was reversed, women of highest social strata continuing the longest.

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33

Nesje, Atle. "Radiocarbon dating of naturally shed reindeer antlers melted out of retreating and down-wasting ice patches and ice caps in western Norway". Fauna norvegica 43 (2 luglio 2024): 69–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.5324/fn.v43i0.5854.

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A rise in summer temperatures, especially since the turn of the 21st century, has caused negative mass balance and marginal retreat of ice caps and ice patches in western Norway. Twentytwo naturally shed reindeer antlers found at retreating and down-melting margins of fourteen retreating ice patches and ice caps on mountain summits in western Norway during the recent decades have been radiocarbon dated. The reindeer antlers show no evidence of being sawed or cut off the skull or any engravings/scrape marks if the antlers had been handled by humans. The oldest reindeer antler in this study dates at 2201-2132 cal. yr BCE. Four dated antlers fall within the age range 2300-2000 cal. yr BCE. Single dates fall within the time ranges 1100 to 1000, 900 to 800, and 500 to 300 cal. yr BCE. Four dated antlers are within the time range 200 BCE to 100 cal. yr CE and two dated antlers fall within the time range 600 to 800 cal. yr CE. Finally, fifteen dates fall within the time range 1300-1900 cal. yr CE, the highest number (n=11) between 1300 and 1600 cal. yr CE. The temperature decline and increased precipitation causing advancing glaciers and ice caps, accompanied by growing ice patches during the Neoglacial period, including the early phase of the Little Ice Age, provided good preservation conditions for the reindeer antlers during the Little Ice Age, with extensive ice and snow cover in the high mountains in western Norway.

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34

Grøholt, Berit, Øivind Ekeberg, Lars Wichstrøm e Tor Haldorsen. "Sex Differences in Adolescent Suicides in Norway, 1990–1992". Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior 29, n. 4 (dicembre 1999): 295–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1943-278x.1999.tb00525.x.

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All suicides in persons under 20 years in Norway in the time period 1990–1992 (99 males, 30 females) were included in a postmortem case‐control study with seven controls for each suicide, focusing on gender differences. Few sex differences between the suicide completers were evident, in spite of the difference in suicide rates (M/F rate ratio = 3.0). Females more often attempted suicide (p = .05), more often wrote farewell notes (p = .03), and used less violent suicide methods (ns). The adjusted risk for suicide related to affective disorders (Female OR = 22,1; Male OR = 24.0, both p = .000) and disruptive disorders (female OR = 14,7, ns; male OR = 5.0, p = .002) differed little, as did the effect of frequent use of alcohol or substances (female OR = 0.4, ns; male OR = 0.4, ns).

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35

Baumann, S., e S. Winkler. "Mapping and morphometric analysis of glaciers in Jotunheimen, South Norway, during the "Little Ice Age" maximum". Cryosphere Discussions 3, n. 2 (29 giugno 2009): 351–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/tcd-3-351-2009.

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Abstract. This study provides mapping and analysis of the maximum glacier extent during the "Little Ice Age" in Jotunheimen, Southern Norway, on a regional scale. Remote sensing techniques were used to map the glacier area at the maximum of the "Little Ice Age" (mid 18th century AD). For validation of the mapping, interpretation of existing glaciochronological studies, analysis of geomorphological maps and our own field measurements using GPS have been applied. The flow length of the glaciers and other inventory data were determined by using a Geographical Information System and a digital elevation model. A total of 233 glaciers existed during the "Little Ice Age" maximum in Jotunheimen, comprising an overall glacier area of about 290 km2. Mean glacier flow length was calculated as about 1.6 km. Until AD 2003, the area shrank by about 35% and the mean flow length decreased by about 34%, compared with the maximum "Little Ice Age" extent.

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36

Moe, Vibeke, Eivor Fredriksen, Marian Kjellevold, Lisbeth Dahl, Maria Wik Markhus, Kjell Morten Stormark, Tilmann von Soest, Kåre Sten Olafsen, Unni Tranaas Vannebo e Lars Smith. "Little in Norway: a prospective longitudinal community-based cohort from pregnancy to child age 18 months". BMJ Open 9, n. 12 (dicembre 2019): e031050. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-031050.

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PurposeThe Little in Norway (LiN) project is a cross-disciplinary prospective longitudinal study starting in pregnancy. It was set up to investigate maternal and paternal mental health functioning in the transition to parenthood, detect pathways to healthy and aberrant child development and generate new knowledge about mechanisms underlying differential child mental health susceptibility.ParticipantsThe LiN cohort is a community-based sample comprising 1036 families (1036 mothers, 884 partners, 1017 children). All pregnant women and their partners receiving routine prenatal care at well-baby clinics at nine geographically selected sites across Norway were invited to participate. Enrolment took place from September 2011 to October 2012. This cohort profile comprises 10 data collection waves spanning from enrolment in pregnancy until child age 18 months.Findings to dateFour types of information have been collected: multi-informant questionnaire reports, direct observation of interaction, test data and biological samples. The most significant findings so far relate to three domains of results. First, when examining risk factors for parental mental health problems, results showed that the parents’ own adverse childhood experiences and attachment style were related to anxiety, depression and stress in the perinatal period. The perception of difficult child temperament was also found to contribute to parenting stress in the first year after birth. Second, we studied how parental mental health risk factors were related to later child development and social emotional functioning, for example, linking maternal symptoms to social-emotional outcomes and paternal symptoms to language outcomes. Third, we investigated the relation between maternal nutrition during pregnancy and aspects of early child development. Results showed that mild to moderate maternal iodine deficiency in pregnancy was associated with poorer language skills up to 18 months, but not with reduced cognitive or fine and gross motor skills.Future plansA data collection point at 36 months is completed and currently being analysed. A new data collection wave is planned when the children are 8 years of age.Trial registration numberISRCTN66710572.

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37

Evans, David J. A., Craig Butcher e Arjan V. Kirthisingha. "Neoglaciation and an early 'Little Ice Age' in western Norway: lichenometric evidence from the Sandane area". Holocene 4, n. 3 (settembre 1994): 278–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/095968369400400307.

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38

Aa, Asbjørn Rune. "Topographic control of equilibrium-line altitude depression on reconstructed 'Little Ice Age' glaciers, Grovabreen, western Norway". Holocene 6, n. 1 (marzo 1996): 82–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/095968369600600110.

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Grove, Jean M., e Arthur Battagel. "Tax records from western Norway, as an index of Little Ice Age environmental and economic deterioration". Climatic Change 5, n. 3 (dicembre 1990): 265–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00140184.

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40

Matthews, John A., John L. Innes e Christopher J. Caseldine. "14C dating and palaeoenvironment of the historic ‘little ice age’ glacier advance of Nigardsbreen Southwest Norway". Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 11, n. 4 (luglio 1986): 369–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/esp.3290110403.

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41

Rangen, Sheila A., Alex W. L. Hawley e Robert J. Hudson. "Relationship of snowshoe hare feeding preferences to nutrient and tannin content of four conifers". Canadian Journal of Forest Research 24, n. 2 (1 febbraio 1994): 240–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x94-035.

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The relative preferences of snowshoe hares for native and exotic tree species and the relationship of these preferences to nutritional constituents and phenols have important forestry management implications. Thus, feeding preferences of confined snowshoe hares (Lepusamericanus Erxleben) for Siberian larch (Larixsibericus (Endl.) Sabine ex Trautv.), Norway spruce (Piceaabies (L.) Karst.), white spruce (Piceaglauca (Moench) Voss), and black spruce (Piceamariana (Mill.) B.S.R) were examined under two experimental ad libitum feeding conditions. At the end of experiment 1, two-year-old Siberian larch and Norway spruce were equally selected by hares. Twigs and stems of Siberian larch, however, were browsed almost exclusively during the first few days of the experiment, while white spruce was browsed very little at all. Siberian larch was richer in crude protein and lower in fiber than white spruce and Norway spruce, whereas Norway spruce was lower in condensed tannins and total phenols than the other two species. In experiment 2, twigs and stems of 4-year-old black spruce were preferred to those of white spruce. Black spruce contained significantly higher concentrations of crude protein, calcium, and phosphorus and lower concentrations of cellulose and total phenols than white spruce. Overall, white spruce was most resistant to hare damage, though the lack of preference was not reflected in either low nutrient or high tannin values. In fact, concentrations of condensed tannins and total phenols had no antifeedant effects.

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42

Moger, Tron Anders, Unto Häkkinen e Terje P. Hagen. "Higher mortality among ACS patients in Finland than in Norway: Do differences in acute services and scale effects in hospital treatment explain the variation?" Nordic Journal of Health Economics 6, n. 2 (22 gennaio 2019): 45–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5617/njhe.4834.

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Mortality following hospital treatment in Finland and Norway is similar for major diseases, with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) as an important exception. For ACS, the mortality is significantly higher in Finland than in Norway. We study whether a decentralized structure with reduced emergency preparedness and small-scale production in Finland vs. a centralized structure with large percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) departments performing acute services 24/7 in Norway explains the country differences in mortality. For patients discharged with acute myocardial infarction (International Classification of Diseases - ICD-10 I21 and I22) and unstable angina pectoris (ICD-10 I 20.0), data from the hospital discharge registers for 1 Jan. 2009–30 Nov. 2014 was linked with socio-demographic and regional variables, variables describing distances to hospitals, and with data from causes of death registers in Norway and Finland. Variables relating to hospital system and organization of care were included as independent variables in logistic regression analyses. Marginal mortality differences between the countries for different categories of the variables are presented separately for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and for other ACS patients. In Finland, 36% of STEMI patients and 25% of other ACS patients were admitted to hospitals having an emergency PCI service. The corresponding numbers for Norway were 77% and 66%. However, the percentage of patients receiving PCI within one day was similar (STEMI: Norway 54% vs. Finland 56%, p < 0.001), as was the distribution of PCIs performed during weekends (28% vs. 26%, p = 0.02). The short term mortality was a little lower in Norway for STEMI patients (30-day mortality: 10% vs. 12%, p < 0.001; 365-day mortality: 18% vs. 18%, p = 0.48), while markedly lower for other ACS (30-day mortality: 6% vs. 10%, p < 0.001; 365-day mortality: 14% vs. 20%, p < 0.001). After adjusting for individual and regional variables, the mortality was found to be 2–4% lower in Norway within most categories of the hospital system and organization of care variables in all analyses. As such, we were not able to explain the mortality differences by the hospital system and organization of care variables. Rather, the explanation seems to have other sources. Published: Online December 2018. In print January 2019.

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Watson, Gary, E. B. Himelick e E. Thomas Smiley. "Twig Growth of Eight Species of Shade Trees Following Transplanting". Arboriculture & Urban Forestry 12, n. 10 (1 ottobre 1986): 241–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.48044/jauf.1986.052.

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Deciduous trees of eight species commonly used in the landscape (Norway maple, green ash, red maple, redbud, sugar maple, pin oak, ginkgo, and little leaf linden), 5-10 cm in diameter, were transplanted on four different dates during the 1979 growing season. The survival rate was excellent for each date. Significant variations in twig growth noted prior to transplanting had no relationship to growth rates after transplanting. For all species, twig growth was significantly reduced during the first 3 years after transplanting. Annual twig growth of all species except Norway maple equaled or exceeded pretransplanting rates by the fifth season after transplanting. Transplanting dates had no consistent effect on total twig growth after 5 years. Many species performed better when transplanted in late spring or summer rather than when transplanted in early spring or fall.

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44

Mooney, Dawn Elise. "Brenselsstrategi i yngre romertids jernfremstilling". In Situ Archaeologica 14 (1 giugno 2020): 145–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.58323/insi.v14.9517.

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Relatively little charcoal analysis has been conducted in western Norway, despite its considerable potential to contribute to the interpretation of archaeological sites. This is especially relevant in the case of ironworking and other industries which require large amounts of fuel. In 2018 excavations in Sandeid, Vindafjord k. revealed the largest ironworking site so far investigated on cultivated land in Rogaland. The site included slag pits, a possible forge furnace, midden deposits, and a building with a sunken floor ; all dated to the Roman Iron Age. Charcoal-rich structures were sampled to investigate their function as well as to contribute to wider discussions of fuel use, forest management and vegetation history. Here we present the results of this analysis and discuss the potential of charcoal analysis to contribute to the interpretation of ironworking sites in Norway.

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Llovet Vilà, Xavier, e Fredrika Nyström. "Teacher cognition about oral skill development in the foreign language classroom: A literature review from Norway and Sweden". Nordic Journal of Language Teaching and Learning 11, n. 1 (2 aprile 2023): 118–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.46364/njltl.v11i1.1025.

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The study of language teacher cognition (LTC) allows us to understand better language teaching regarding what teachers know, how they come to know it, and how they draw on their knowledge. Due to the recently increasing LTC research interest but simultaneously lack of synthesis and overview in Norway and Sweden, a descriptive review of the literature was conducted. Results show a great variety of topics in both countries. However, multilingualism in Norway and assessment in Sweden stand out as particularly well-researched. In addition, results also show little research collaboration among two educationally-similar countries regarding LTC. In this sense, this literature review was initiated with an a priori interest in identifying LTC research on oral skill development that would allow the establishment of joint research ventures among the authors in both countries.

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Meyer, Grete Skjeggestad, Ingunn Reigstad e Leila Serikova. "Students in Early Childhood Teacher Education and Their First Experience with Problem-Based Learning". Journal of Problem Based Learning in Higher Education 11, n. 3 (21 dicembre 2023): 25–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.54337/ojs.jpblhe.v11i3.7527.

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This comparative study examines how students from Early Childhood Teacher Education in Kyrgyzstan and Norway value their first experience with Problem-Based Learning. The study is a result of the collaboration between ECTE in Kyrgyzstan and Norway focusing on student-active learning. The research is important because there are few if any studies focusing on PBL in Early Childhood Teacher Education (ECTE), and little use of PBL as a basic norm in Kyrgyzstan. Our data consists of students’ anonymous, written, open-ended questionnaires. These are analysed by means of qualitative content analysis. We found evidence that students value collaboration, and in this report, we describe their experiences with the PBL-method and suggest some implications for the quality of learning. We discuss and compare similarities and differences in students’ experiences in light of cultural differences.

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Jordan, W. J. "Whaling". Animal Welfare 5, n. 3 (agosto 1996): 337. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0962728600019096.

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Sir, Though the history of the International Whaling Commission (IWC) has been one of too little too late, it has at least stopped the extinction of some species. The moratorium on commercial whaling has been moderately successful. I cannot say totally successful because whaling has continued under the guise of ‘scientific whaling’ by Japan and Norway, while other countries have given up whaling altogether.

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Aa, Asbjørn Rune, e Eivind Sønstegaard. "Early-Holocene glacier fluctuations of northern Grovabreen, western Norway". Holocene 29, n. 2 (16 novembre 2018): 187–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959683618810392.

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Marginal moraines on the northern side of Grovabreen, a plateau glacier in inner Sunnfjord, Western Norway, have been mapped and morphostratigraphically correlated with the Erdalen Event and possibly the Finse Event and the ‘Little Ice Age’. Schmidt-hammer exposure-age dating was used to evaluate the age of the most distinct marginal moraines by measuring the degree of surface weathering on boulders. The lithostratigraphy of lake sediments was analysed in a core from Dalevatnet in order to correlate this stratigraphy with the marginal moraines in the catchment area of the lake and reconstruct the early-Holocene history of Grovabreen. The lake catchment was deglaciated at 10,750 cal. yr BP. Two readvances of an outlet glacier in Fagredalen were dated to between 10,340 and 9960 cal. yr BP, correlated with the two-peaked Erdalen Event. A readvance shortly after 8450 cal. yr BP can most probably be correlated with the 8200 cal. yr BP Finse Event.

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Caspari, Gino, Torbjørn Preus Schou, Noah Steuri e Timo Balz. "Glacial Archaeology in Northern Norway—The Island of Seiland". Remote Sensing 15, n. 5 (27 febbraio 2023): 1336. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15051336.

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Norway is at the forefront of monitoring ice patches and glaciers for archaeological remains, and thousands of artifacts have been recovered over the past two decades due to accelerating melting. The majority of finds stem from the lower latitudes of the country and relatively little is known about the glacial archaeology of Norway’s far north. We use historical maps and high-resolution LiDAR derived elevation models to monitor ice flow and melt. We employ a terrain ruggedness index to map areas of non-moving ice which possibly contain well-preserved archaeological finds, and model least cost paths to understand the accessibility for humans and animals of an archaeologically unexplored landscape. We then conduct a sailboat supported exploratory survey on the arctic island of Seiland. While we fail to locate archaeologically productive ice, we identify and date a so far unknown type of archaeological stone structure likely related to sheltering and reindeer hunting/herding activities.

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Gulbrandsen, Trygve. "Norway: Trust Among Elites in a Corporatist Democracy". Comparative Sociology 4, n. 1-2 (2005): 115–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1569133054622003.

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AbstractWhile there have been many studies of ordinary citizens' institutional trust, there is very little knowledge about how national elites or leaders evaluate the trustworthiness of public institutions. This article contributes to filling this knowledge gap. Based on data from the Norwegian Power and Democracy Project's Leadership Study 2000, it is demonstrated that Norwegian top leaders have more trust in the main institutions of the society than citizens do in general. They rank, however, the various institutions in the same way. As found in studies of citizens' institutional trust, ideological orientation is an important cause of institutional trust among the top leaders. How they relate to the public/private cleavage as well as to the centre/periphery cleavage has significant impact upon their trust giving. The degree of trust in a particular institution is also positively affected by how much contact a top leader has with the leaders of this institution. The elites in Norway are involved in an extensive network of contacts and relations with leaders in other sectors and institutions. An indirect, and thus not always discernable effect of this network of relations seems to be that a higher degree of mutual trust is emerging among all the elites in the system.

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