Tesi sul tema "Life Cycle Model"
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1
Czerwonka, Stephen P. (Stephen Paul) 1976. "Avionics life-cycle forecasting model". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/9242.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2000.Also available online at the MIT Theses Online homepage
Includes bibliographical references (p. 116-119).
by Stephen P. Czerwonka.
S.M.
2
Tolkunova, Y. N. "Cone Model of the Project Life Cycle". Thesis, Sumy State University, 2016. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/47024.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The analysis of life cycle of projects of creation the sophisticated technical machinery is carried out. The cone model of life cycle of the project of creation of sophisticated technical machinery developed on the basis of spiral model of life cycle is offered.
3
Biewald, Anne. "A dynamic life cycle model for Germany with unemployment uncertainty". Phd thesis, Universität Potsdam, 2008. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2009/3311/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This work analyzes the saving and consumption behavior of agents faced with the possibility of unemployment in a dynamic and stochastic life cycle model. The intertemporal optimization is based on Dynamic Programming with a backward recursion algorithm.
The implemented uncertainty is not based on income shocks as it is done in traditional life cycle models but uses Markov probabilities where the probability for the next employment status of the agent depends on the current status. The utility function used is a CRRA function (constant relative risk aversion), combined with a CES function (constant elasticity of substitution) and has several consumption goods, a subsistence level, money and a bequest function.Diese Arbeit modelliert das Spar- und Konsumverhalten von Individuen in Deutschland mit einem Lebenszyklusmodell. Dabei hat das Modell zwei Besonderheiten, erstens trifft die Möglichkeit arbeitslos zu werden nicht jeden Agenten des Models mit der gleichen Wahrscheinlichkeit, sondern wird von Bildungsabschluss und dem Beschäftigungsstatus des Agenten beeinflußt und zweitens weicht die verwendete Nutzenfunktion von den Standardnutzenfunktionen ab und implementiert Vererbung, Geld, verschiedene Güter und Subsistenzlevel. Der Optimierungsalgorithmus basiert auf Dynamischer Programmierung.
4
Melingen, Daniel. "Life Cycle Cost Model for Condition Monitoring of heat exchanger". Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for marin teknikk, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-11601.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Shell and tube heat exchangers (H/X) are widely used in the industry. Offshore, the H/Xs are used as heaters or coolers. In this thesis it is assumed that the H/X function is to cool down gas or oil. A large number of different configuration of H/X exist today, single pass and u-bend is most used offshore. This thesis looks further into the most used H/X on an offshore platform single pass. The thesis is dealing with formulas that indicate performance of an H/X. It is normal to have the ability to measure parameter as pressure, temperature and mass flow. With these parameters the efficiency of the heat exchanger can be calculated. In order to use the efficiency the reference efficiency, from when the H/X was new must be present. It is also possible to measure the performance over time. Calculations of efficiency give an indication of failure. However, it gives limited information what failure modes occurred. There are present three different maintenance strategies, fixed time, fixed age and condition monitoring. Fixed time and fixed age is beneficial to use on critical items, and when condition monitoring (CM) has low probability to find failures or is impossible to use. If the failure is developing fast fixed time and fixed age could be beneficial to use. CM should give a good indication on the condition of the different items. This makes it easier to plan when a maintenance action should be carried out. Six different CM methods are present in the thesis and used as a basis of the analysis. The different methods are Ultrasonic testing (UT), Eddy Current Testing (ECT), Visual inspection (VI), Magnetic Particle inspection (MPI) and HXAM-ST. These are methods which are widely used on H/Xs. Failure modes and maintenance items used in the thesis are collected from source OREDA (1). The maintainable items are present in a block diagram. Fault tree analysis and Failure Mode and Effect (FMEA) analysis, shows that the most common failure cause is corrosion, erosion and external forces. The FMEA connects the failure modes with the CM methods. Probability to detect failures with the different failure modes are based on assumption with values from 0-1. The methods have different characteristics and the probability to find failures are based on these characteristics. ECT is specially classified on finding failures in the tube bundle. VI is a more general method who is able to find failure over a wide range. MPI is a method used on shell while the H/X is in operation. HXAM-ST is a method on development stage and it monitors the H/X performance as pressure, temperature and mass flow. The Life Cycle Cost (LCC) analysis is based on the report (2), and has been modified from a LCC for an item to a LCC regarding CM methods. To identify the different cost elements a cost break down structure is made. The CBS is decomposed into capital expenditure (CAPEX) and operation expenditure (OPEX). Pareto diagram is made to show the three largest costs regarding OPEX. On five of the methods personnel cost is the significant highest cost. On HXAM-ST that does not need personnel, documentation is the highest operational cost. Benefits are calculated from less down time, less injuries and less death due to failure. In spite of this, factored benefits are taken into consideration. Factored benefit is based on issues as operation safety, personnel safety, technical fitness for purpose and operational issues. A cost benefit model is made where both LCC and benefits from performing the CM method are taken into consideration. The model shows that UT is the most cost effective method, and MPI is the only method that has larger costs than benefits. HXAM-ST is a Non Intrusive method, and gives the ability to introduce Condition Based Maintenance (CBM). Redundancy is the input parameter which has the largest impact on the model. The largest benefit with the methods is less downtime due to detection of the failure. If redundancy is present this benefit would disappear, since almost no downtime would appear. Changes in the operational condition like more sand or a more corrective environment would also have a large impact on the failure rate for the different failure modes. The main outcome from sensitivity analysis is that method as: VI, HXAM-ST and HLT with low LCC cost scores when the benefits are decreasing and the more expensive methods as UT and ECT scores when the benefits is increasing, in spite of high probability to detect failures.
5
Du, Guangli. "Life cycle assessment of bridges, model development and case studies". Doctoral thesis, KTH, Bro- och stålbyggnad, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-161196.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In recent decades, the environmental issues from the construction sector have attracted increasing attention from both the public and authorities. Notably, the bridge construction is responsible for considerable amount of energy and raw material consumptions. However, the current bridges are still mainly designed from the economic, technical, and safety perspective, while considerations of their environmental performance are rarely integrated into the decision making process. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is a comprehensive, standardized and internationally recognized approach for quantifying all emissions, resource consumption and related environmental and health impacts linked to a service, asset or product. LCA has the potential to provide reliable environmental profiles of the bridges, and thus help the decision-makers to select the most environmentally optimal designs. However, due to the complexity of the environmental problems and the diversity of bridge structures, robust environmental evaluation of bridges is far from straightforward. The LCA has rarely been studied on bridges till now. The overall aim of this research is to implement LCA on bridge, thus eventually integrate it into the decision-making process to mitigate the environmental burden at an early stage. Specific objectives are to: i) provide up-to-date knowledge to practitioners; ii) identify associated obstacles and clarify key operational issues; iii) establish a holistic framework and develop computational tool for bridge LCA; and iv) explore the feasibility of combining LCA with life cycle cost (LCC). The developed tool (called GreenBridge) enables the simultaneous comparison and analysis of 10 feasible bridges at any detail level, and the framework has been utilized on real cases in Sweden. The studied bridge types include: railway bridge with ballast or fix-slab track, road bridges of steel box-girder composite bridge, steel I-girder composite bridge, post tensioned concrete box-girder bridge, balanced cantilever concrete box-girder bridge, steel-soil composite bridge and concrete slab-frame bridge. The assessments are detailed from cradle to grave phases, covering thousands of types of substances in the output, diverse mid-point environmental indicators, the Cumulative Energy Demand (CED) and monetary value weighting. Some analyses also investigated the impact from on-site construction scenarios, which have been overlooked in the current state-of-the-art. The study identifies the major structural and life-cycle scenario contributors to the selected impact categories, and reveals the effects of varying the monetary weighting system, the steel recycling rate and the material types. The result shows that the environmental performance can be highly influenced by the choice of bridge design. The optimal solution is found to be governed by several variables. The analyses also imply that the selected indicators, structural components and life-cycle scenarios must be clearly specified to be applicable in a transparent procurement. This work may provide important references for evaluating similar bridge cases, and identification of the main sources of environmental burden. The outcome of this research may serve as recommendation for decision-makers to select the most LCA-feasible proposal and minimize environmental burdens.QC 20150311
6
Beaver, Justin. "A LIFE CYCLE SOFTWARE QUALITY MODEL USING BAYESIAN BELIEF NETWORKS". Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2006. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/2353.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Software practitioners lack a consistent approach to assessing and predicting quality within their products. This research proposes a software quality model that accounts for the influences of development team skill/experience, process maturity, and problem complexity throughout the software engineering life cycle. The model is structured using Bayesian Belief Networks and, unlike previous efforts, uses widely-accepted software engineering standards and in-use industry techniques to quantify the indicators and measures of software quality. Data from 28 software engineering projects was acquired for this study, and was used for validation and comparison of the presented software quality models. Three Bayesian model structures are explored and the structure with the highest performance in terms of accuracy of fit and predictive validity is reported. In addition, the Bayesian Belief Networks are compared to both Least Squares Regression and Neural Networks in order to identify the technique is best suited to modeling software product quality. The results indicate that Bayesian Belief Networks outperform both Least Squares Regression and Neural Networks in terms of producing modeled software quality variables that fit the distribution of actual software quality values, and in accurately forecasting 25 different indicators of software quality. Between the Bayesian model structures, the simplest structure, which relates software quality variables to their correlated causal factors, was found to be the most effective in modeling software quality. In addition, the results reveal that the collective skill and experience of the development team, over process maturity or problem complexity, has the most significant impact on the quality of software products.Ph.D.
School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
Engineering and Computer Science
Computer Engineering
7
Graham, Ruth. "Life cycle costing in spare parts procurement: a decision model". Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/23286.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Life cycle costing methods can be applied to the procurement of some, but not all, spare parts. As a result, a decision model is needed to determine which spare parts should be considered for life cycle costing. This thesis discusses a decision model for determining the applicability of life cycle costing to spare part procurement. The thesis briefly reviews the application of the life cycle costing concept to the acquisition of major systems and associated spare parts. It then reviews current spare parts acquisition techniques and identifies critical criteria to be considered during the acquisition of spare parts using life cycle costing techniques. Finally, the thesis uses the identified characteristics to develop the decision model. Theses. (sdw)
8
Roychoudhury, Pratik. "A life cycle cost estimation model for FRP bridge decks". Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2001. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=1964.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2001.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vii, 94 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 93-94).
9
Li, Haifei. "Automated e-business negotiation model, life cycle, and system architecture /". [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2001. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0000327.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Florida, 2001.Title from title page of source document. Document formatted into pages; contains xi, 117 p.; also contains graphics. Includes vita. Includes bibliographical references.
10
von, Euler-Chelpin Astrid. "Information modelling for the manufacturing system life cycle". Doctoral thesis, KTH, Industriell produktion, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4797.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This thesis deals with information modelling within the scope of the manufacturing system life cycle, i.e. the development phase and the operation phase. Information modelling defines and structures information that needs to be managed, and is thereby an important step towards realising efficient information management throughout the manufacturing system life cycle. The research goal of this work was to find a modelling approach that simplifies management and integration of manufacturing system information, both within and between the development and operation phases. The starting point was an assumption that information integration requires a common information model for the manufacturing system life cycle. The approach was to evaluate the usefulness of the STEP standards AP214 and AP239 (PLCS) regarding how they meet the information requirements. Case studies within the automotive industry were carried out for gathering test data. Modelling experience showed that PLCS has the most suitable scope since it can represent the manufacturing system from a life cycle perspective. However, the generic character of PLCS introduced other issues, such as how to ensure consistent instantiation. Further guidance is needed regarding how to use PLCS for representing domain-specific objects such as machining centres. As a response to the inconsistency issue, a concept model of a machining centre was developed to guide the instantiation of PLCS. However, it was found that there are multiple ways to translate the concept model to PLCS depending on viewpoint. Moreover, the characteristics of information management within the operation phase were found to be notably different compared to characteristics of the development phase. For these reasons, it is discussed whether or not a common modelling format for the whole manufacturing system life cycle is appropriate or even realisable. From a practical viewpoint, it is concluded to be both inevitable and necessary to find appropriate delimitations and interfaces between complementary information models. A promising step towards information integration is to classify the information concepts of different models according to terms defined in concept models.QC 20100921
11
Rajasooriya, Sasith Maduranga. "Cybersecurity: Probabilistic Behavior of Vulnerability and Life Cycle". Scholar Commons, 2017. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/6933.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Analysis on Vulnerabilities and Vulnerability Life Cycle is at the core of Cybersecurity related studies. Vulnerability Life Cycle discussed by S. Frei and studies by several other scholars have noted the importance of this approach. Application of Statistical Methodologies in Cybersecurity related studies call for a greater deal of new information. Using currently available data from National Vulnerability Database this study develops and presents a set of useful Statistical tools to be applied in Cybersecurity related decision making processes.
In the present study, the concept of Vulnerability Space is defined as a probability space. Relevant theoretical analyses are conducted and observations in the vulnerability space in aspects of events and states are discussed.
Transforming IT related cybersecurity issues into analytical formation so that abstract and conceptual knowledge from Mathematics and Statistics can be applied is a challenge. However, to overcome rising threats from Cyber-attacks such an integration of analytical foundation to understand the issues and develop strategies is essential. In the present study we apply well known Markov approach in a new approach of Vulnerability Life Cycle to develop useful analytical methods to assess the Risk associated with a vulnerability. We also presents, a new Risk Index integrating the results obtained and details from the Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS).
In addition, a comprehensive study on the Vulnerability Space is presented discussing the likelihood of probable events in the probability sub-spaces of vulnerabilities.
Finally, an Extended Vulnerability Life Cycle model is presented and discussed in relation to States and Events in the Vulnerability Space that lays down a strong foundation for any future vulnerability related analytical research efforts.
12
Gebremariam, Merhawi Tewolde. "Predicting the life cycle of technologies from patent data". Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Statistik och maskininlärning, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-154866.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Analysis of patent documents is one way to learn about trends in the evolutionof technologies. In this thesis, we propose a mixture of life cycle Poisson modelfor predicting the life cycle of technologies from patent count data. The aim is topredict the life cycle of technologies and determine the stage of the technology inthe development S-curve. The model is constructed from historical data on patentpublications of technologies and also from experts’ belief of life cycle of technologies. The methods used to estimate the model are based on Bayesian methods, inparticular we use a combination of Gibbs sampling and slice sampling to simulatefrom the posterior distribution of the model parameters. We apply the model on adataset of 123 technologies from the electricity sector. As a preliminary exploratorystep clustering analysis is also applied on the dataset. Finally we evaluate the modelhow it performs to predict the trend of life cycle of technologies based on differentbase years. Results reveal that the model is capable of predicting the life cycleof technologies based on its different stages. However, the predictions of expectedbehavior become more accurate when more data is used to construct the prediction.
13
Angeles, Jon Virgil V. "The development of a life cycle cost model for railroad tunnels". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/66824.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2011.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 63-64).
Today, Life Cycle Costing is one of the most popular ways of assessing a project's or an investment's worth to a company. This method of assessment is often applied to all stages of a investment's lifecycle, starting from its conceptual stage up to its disposal stage. If executed properly and thoroughly, Life Cycle Cost Analysis can be very useful to project investors and managers in that this analysis equips these people with more insight to make better and more appropriate financial decisions. In addition, a separate analysis called Sensitivity Analysis can also be applied to predict any changes that may affect the Life Cycle Cost of a certain investment. These tools if used together can effectively evaluate any projects' financial worth. The author has carried out both analyses to evaluate the financial value of the Lotschberg Basis Tunnel in Switzerland.
by Jon Virgil V. Angeles.
M.Eng.
14
McCormick, Lynn Eleanor. "A life-cycle model of manufacturing networks and Chicago's metalworking industry". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/10564.
Testo completo
15
King, Barbara M. "A Software Development Life-Cycle Model for Web-Based Application Development". NSUWorks, 2004. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/gscis_etd/636.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Software development life cycle models were believed to play a critical role in improving software quality by guiding tasks in the software development processes since being formally introduced and embraced in the 1970s. Many organizations attempted to deploy software development life cycle methodologies with the intent to improve the software development process from conception through implementation to delivery. Numerous established software development models exist, including the classic waterfall life cycle model, Spiral model, Prototyping, Evolutionary, (e.g., Staged, Phased, and Timebox models), object-oriented design (OOD) (e.g., Rational Unified Process), and agile processes (e.g., eXtreme Programming [XP]). The design and development of web-based applications introduced new problems and requirements that did not exist when traditional software development life-cycle models were being put into practice. This research presents empirical software development practice data pertaining to web-based application development.
The goal of this project was to answer the question, "What is the general paradigm of an SDLC model for web-based application development?" The focus of the project was to derive an empirical SDLC model for web-based application development. Data from current practices was collected via a web-based application. Study participants used the web-based application to input data concerning the SDLC model of their web-based application development process. The empirical model was derived from the data provided by participants on current professional web-based application development practices.
The results of this research showed that although web-based application development life-cycle does parallel traditional SDLCs in some phases, there were enough differences that an exact fit to an existing model does not exist. A modified version of the Classic Waterfall with some repetitiveness of the Spiral model with the addition of optional phases best met the situational requirements of web-based application development.
16
Zea, Lina Esther Rivelli. "Thunderstorms life cycle observation: satellite multi-channel model for warning system". Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE), 2017. http://urlib.net/sid.inpe.br/mtc-m21b/2017/07.03.18.29.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The principal objective of this research is to identify typical cloud-top signatures of incipient thunderstorms and its early electrification process in satellite multi-channel observations as means of building a conceptual model of thunderstorm detection based on brightness temperature and electrification life cycle association. The methods toward the principal objective analyzed the data set of CHUVA-Vale field campaign from 01 November 2011 to 31 March 2012, including multi-channel observations from the SEVIRI infrared fields, a radar-lightning co-located data set and a sample of 40 compact isolated thunderstorms. The sequence for each infrared field comprises the parallax correction in satellite observations; the co-location of satellite and radar-lightning data; the selection of an evaluation area for thunderstorm detection, and the construction of brightness temperature relative cumulative-frequency distributions along with respective thresholds analysis and validation. Consequently, 4 thunderstorm predictors used in tandem to detect the largest differentiation among the lightning time steps and significant cumulus cloud and electrification intensification, resulted throughout parameters in corresponding brightness temperature histograms whose thresholds are as follows: IF1 or Predictor 1= Ch05-Ch06: (6.2 − 7.3) $\mu$m: Tbd $\geq$ −14.0 K; IF2 or Predictor 2= 10.8 $\mu$m: Tb $\leq$ +263.0 K, IF3 or Predictor 3= (6.2 − 10.8) $\mu$m: Tbd $\geq$ −14.0 K and IF4 or Predictor 4= (8.7−10.8)−(10.8−12.0) $\mu$m: Tbd $\geq$ 0 K. Additionally, an independent 2-day validation test indicated that the conceptual model has a higher probability of lightning detection for the interval of index sums from 16 to 12 because of the higher POD and lower FAR. Also the results indicated that the conceptual model has a lower probability of lightning detection for the interval of index sums from 8 to 4 because of the lower POD and higher FAR. This representative behavior of the thunderstorm electrification life cycle in geostationary satellite multi-channel observations will allow a potential development of nowcasting tools at the boundary of subtropical regions using data from the Meteosat Second Generation Satellite, and with the perspective to use in the near future, the data from the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite-R and the imminent Meteosat Third Generation Satellite.O objetivo principal desta pesquisa é identificar um conjunto de assinaturas típicas do topo das nuvens que permitam prever o processo de eletrificação quando as nuvens se transformam em tempestades. Através das combinações de canais dos imageadores de satélites geoestacionários este trabalho visa construir um modelo conceitual de detecção de início dos processos de eletrificação de tempestades utilizando a tendência dos histogramas de temperatura de brilho (ou diferença de canais). Para construção deste modelo conceitual foram utilizadas observações em diferentes canais infravermelhos co-localizados com observações de radar polarimétrico banda X e de medidas do LMA (Lightning Mapping Array) que consiste de fontes emitidas pelos relâmpagos em Very Higher Frequency. Foram selecionadas 40 tempestades compactas durante a campanha CHUVA-Vale para a elaboração do modelo conceitual e posteriormente os resultados foram testados em casos independentes. A sequência dos procedimentos metodológicos para campo de interesse compreende a correção da paralaxe nas observações de satélite; a co-localização com os dados de radar e descargas elétricas; a seleção de uma área de avaliação para detecção das tempestades e a construção de distribuições de frequência relativa-cumulativa de temperatura de brilho (ou diferenças) e a definição de limiares para a construção das frequências cumuladas. Quatro canais ou diferença de canais foram selecionados para detectar o processo de eletrificação da nuvem. Os seguintes preditores foram utilizados: IF1 or Predictor 1= (6.2 − 7.3) $\mu$m: Tbd $\geq$−14.0 K; IF2 or Predictor 2= 10.8 $\mu$m: Tb $\leq$+223.0 K, IF3 or Predictor 3= (6.2 − 10.8) $\mu$m: Tbd $\geq$−14.0 K and IF4 or Predictor 4= (8.7 − 10.8) − (10.8 − 12.0) $\mu$m: Tbd $\geq$ 0 K. Esse conjunto de preditores foi utilizado em função das propriedades que esses canais têm para descrever os processos microfísicos das nuvens. Após a definição do modelo, um teste de validação independente de 2 dias permitiu definir as incertezas do modelo conceitual. O emprego dos campos selecionados quando empregados juntos melhoram significativamente a previsibilidade do processo de eletrificação da nuvem. Este comportamento representativo do ciclo de vida da eletrificação das tempestades através de combinações de canais de satélite geoestacionário permitirá o desenvolvimento de ferramentas de previsão a curtíssimo prazo nas regiões tropicais e subtropicais usando dados do Meteosat Second Generation e, em breve, do Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite-R e do futuro Meteosat Third Generation Satellite.
17
Liu, Junxiao. "A Life-Cycle Model for Evaluating Social Infrastructure Public-Private Partnerships". Thesis, Curtin University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/153.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) have been an integral part of infrastructure procurement strategy of Australian state governments. However, there has been a paucity of PPP evaluation research, despite its importance. This thesis contributes to the body of knowledge by developing a life-cycle model for evaluating social infrastructure PPP projects. A process-based life-cycle model, which incorporates five measurement perspectives, a sequence of key performance indicators and learning and supporting mechanisms, is empirically developed and tested.
18
Ludvigsson, Rebecka. "Life Cycle Costing in the evaluation process of new production lines". Thesis, Linnaeus University, School of Engineering, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-101.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The purpose of this thesis is to develop a Life Cycle Cost model that could be used for investment, budgeting and comparing alternatives. An evaluation of existing models concluded that there was a need for a model that was easy to use and understand but in the same way economical and technical complex. Theoretical and empirical information was gathered in accordance with the purpose and made a base of the model. The model highlights operative, energy and maintenance costs. A case study to test the model has been carried out and selected company for this has been Swedwood International AB which is a part of IKEA. Swedwood currently works with pay back calculations which could lead to wrong decisions during the life length of the investment. The developed LCC model was tested on different techniques for applying an edge on a substrate. The result of the report is that the user will have a clear and structured overview of an investment during its economical life length. A final investment decision demands further tests and evaluations, for example technical test and MCDM. Further researches for the LCC model could be to investigate if the model lacks any critical aspects that should be included. A recommendation for Swedwood is to follow up the developed standards for collecting data at the factories in order to facilitate when investigating for new techniques and comparing between investment options.
Syftet med examensarbetet är att utveckla en livscykelkostnadsmodell som kan användas vid investeringar, budgeteringar och jämförelser. Efter en utvärdering av tillgängliga modeller konstaterades det att behov fanns för en modell som var ekonomisk och teknisk avancerad men ändå användarvänlig. Teori och empiri insamlades i enlighet med syftet och bildade en grund för modellen. Modellen belyser speciellt kostnadsaktiviteter så som operativa, energi och underhållskostnader. En fallstudie för att testa modellen har genomförts och fallföretaget var Swedwood International AB som är en del av IKEA. Swedwood arbetar nu med payback kalkyler vilket kan leda till fel beslut sett till hela investeringens livslängd. Den framtagna LCC modellen testades på olika tekniker för att applicera en kant på ett arbetstycke. Resultatet av rapporten är genom att använda modellen får man en klar och tydlig översikt av alla kostnader under en investerings ekonomiska livslängd. Ett investeringsbeslut kräver ytterligare tester och utvärderingar så som tekniska tester och MCDM. En fortsatt utveckling av modellen kan vara att undersöka om den saknar någon kritisk del som ska var inkluderad. En rekommendation till Swedwood är att följa upp de centralt utvecklade standarder på fabrikerna så att alla samlar in data på samma sätt, vilket skulle underlätta vid implementering av nya tekniker och vid jämförelser av investeringar.
19
Harrison, Lee-Anne Jayne. "A business model approach to design for recyclability in the automotive industry". Thesis, Coventry University, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.323518.
Testo completo
20
Fakhoury, Bashar, e Heba Alhamed. "Life Cycle Cost Based Model For Successful Maintenance Outsourcing Process Case Study". Thesis, Växjö University, School of Technology and Design, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-2200.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The main purpose of this thesis is to develop a new model which helps the decision maker to rationalize outsourcing decisions based on Life Cycle Cost (LCC) analysis and select the appropriate supplier. The model developed consists of four main phases, as well as a pre-evaluating step, which investigate the organization needs and circumstances. Phase I is an evaluation and calculation phase, it assess whether outsourcing is the right policy to be adopted as a competitive advantage from two perspectives; the strategic evaluation of the outsourcing decision, and the cost savings through the life time of the outsourcing process using LCC. Phase II is supplier's selection; it aims to select the preferred supplier using Multiple Criteria Decision Making (MCDM), as well as identifies performance measures to monitor supplier performance. Phase III is maintain and monitor phase, it aims to keep the process and the supplier under continuous revision and assessment. Phase IV is review phase, it aims to identify if a specified monitored parameter is out of control or at critical levels, and identify the causes. This model contribute in covering the lack in the literature by considering LCC in the outsourcing decision making, as well as providing a structured model that concern about the whole process starting by understanding the organizations need and ends by monitoring and review the outsourcing process.
The model was validated at one Swedish company, i.e. Kalmar Industries in Ljungby assembly unit, in particular, within the maintenance department. The results of the model validation shows that using LCCA, and risk benefits associated, the preferred alternative is to outsource all the maintenance activities related to ventilation system, these activates involve maintenance personnel, spare parts, and third party to monitor and report the process to authorities. Furthermore, based on LCCA and other suggested criteria and using MCDM, ABB Supplier got the lowest score in MCDM i.e. 36.70% (the lowest LCC along with fulfillment of the qualitative criteria).
The main result is that; it is possible to employ LCCA in the maintenance outsourcing process to achieve a strategic model valid for decisions taking over the life length of the process. Consequently, the main recommendation for the case company is to outsource these activities and to transfer it to ABB service supplier.
21
Futcher, Lynn Ann. "A model for integrating information security into the software development life cycle". Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/506.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
It is within highly integrated technology environments that information security is becoming a focal point for designing, developing and deploying software applications. Ensuring a high level of trust in the security and quality of these applications is crucial to their ultimate success. Therefore, information security has become a core requirement for software applications, driven by the need to protect critical assets and the need to build and preserve widespread trust in computing. However, a common weakness that is inherent in the traditional software development methodologies is the lack of attention given to the security aspects of software development. Most of these methodologies do not explicitly include a standardised method for incorporating information security into their life cycles. Meaningful security can be achieved when information security issues are considered as part of a routine development process, and security safeguards are integrated into the software application throughout its life cycle. This, in turn, will lead to users being more confident to use software applications, and to entrust today's computer systems with their personal information. To build better or more secure software, an improved software development process is required. Security of a software application must be based on the risk associated with the application. In order to understand this risk, the relevant information assets need to be identified together with their threats and vulnerabilities. Therefore, security considerations provide input into every phase of the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC), from requirements gathering to design, implementation, testing and deployment. This research project presents a Secure Software Development Model (SecSDM) for incorporating information security into all phases of the SDLC, from requirements gathering to systems maintenance. The SecSDM is based on many of the recommendations provided by relevant international standards and best practices, for example, the ISO 7498-2 (1989) standard which addresses the underlying security services and mechanisms that form an integral part of the model.
22
Akbarian, Mehdi. "Model based pavement-vehicle interaction simulation for life cycle assessment of pavements". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/73847.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2012.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 116-121).
Responsible for about a third of the annual energy consumption and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, the U.S. transportation Network needs to attain a higher level of sustainability. This is particularly true for the roadway Network and the design of pavements in it. Vehicle fuel consumption required to overcome resisting forces due to pavement-vehicle interaction (PVI) is an essential part of life-cycle assessment (LCA) of pavement systems. These PVIs are intimately related to pavement structure and material properties. While various experimental investigations have revealed potential fuel consumption differences between flexible and rigid pavements, there is high uncertainty and high variability in the evaluated impact of pavement deflection on vehicle fuel consumption. This report adopts the perspective that a mechanistic model can contribute to closing the uncertainty gap of PVI in pavement LCA. With this goal in mind, a first-order mechanistic pavement model is considered, and scaling relationships between input parameters and the impact of PVI on vehicle fuel consumption are developed. An original calibration-validation method is established through wave propagation using the complete set of Falling Weight Deflectometer (FWD) time history data from FHWA's Long Term Pavement Performance program (LTPP), representing the U.S. roadway Network. Distributions of model parameters are determined on pavement material properties (top layer and subgrade moduli), structural properties (thickness), and loading conditions obtained from model calibration and the LTPP datasets. These input distributions are used in Monte-Carlo simulations to determine the impact of flexible and rigid pavements on passenger car and truck fuel consumption within the roadway Network. It is shown that rigid pavements behave better than flexible ones in regard to PVI due to higher stiffness. A final comparison with independent field data provides a reality check of the order of magnitude estimates of fuel consumption due to PVI as determined by the model. The calculated change in fuel consumption is used in a comparative LCA of flexible and rigid pavements, and it is shown that the impact of PVI deflection becomes increasingly important for high volume flexible roadways and can surpass GHG emissions due to construction and maintenance of the roadway system in its lifetime.
by Mehdi Akbarian.
S.M.
23
Nishiyama, Shinichi. "Testing the life cycle/permanent income model : the Cross-Euler equation approach". Connect to resource, 2002. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=osu1261399905.
Testo completo
24
Ramanath, Ana Maria. "The role of information systems development methods in interorganisational systems development". Thesis, Brunel University, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.289900.
Testo completo
25
Reigle, Jennifer A. "Development of an integrated project-level pavement management model using risk analysis". Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2000. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=1634.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 2000.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xii, 210 p. : ill. (some col.). Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 205-209).
26
Karadakic, René. "Unemployment benefit generosity in a life-cycle model with endogenous job-serch effort". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Nationalekonomiska institutionen, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-352203.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Unemployment in Austria has been considerably low in the past decades compared to other European countries. Nevertheless, recent increases in the past five years started a controversial discussion about the generous unemployment insurance system in place. The current government, therefore, argues to change the insurance system similar to the German HARTZ IV reform, although the effects on unemployment have proven to be ambiguous in Germany. I introduce a discrete time life-cycle model with endogenous job-search effort to inquire the potential effects of such a reform on long- and short-term unemployment, as well as individuals' job-search incentives. Individuals are ex-ante heterogeneous in their labour income possibilities and are subject to exogenous layoffs throughout their life. The model suggests that the proposed reform would reduce long-term unemployment substantially, however, to the cost of a larger amount of short-term unemployment spells and decreased overall welfare. Job-search effort over the whole life-cycle appears to increase, with the largest differences at the end of the life-cycle.
27
Jensen, Anne J. "A life cycle value assessment model for design, production, and logistic support systems". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/45785.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
A new economic model for the evaluation of integrated Design, Production, and Logistic
Support Systems (DPLSSs) is designed and developed in this thesis. The DPLSS model was created
after a survey of Life Cycle Costing (LCC) applications revealed that no models for assessing
integrated design, production, and logistic support systems were available. The evaluation technique
the model is based on is called Life Cycle Value Assessment (LCVA). LCVA differs from
LCC in that it emphasizes consideration of life cycle revenues as well as costs.
The system addressed by the DPLSS model has a life cycle which includes product design, production capability design and construction, production, product distribution, logistic system support and maintenance, and system disposal. The baseline production capability assumed when developing the DPLSS model involves batch processing, forming the base material into individual units, and performing detailed processing operations. It has also been assumed that items produced are non-repairable.
The DPLSS model facilitates the evaluation of new DPLSSs by leading managers through the new LCVA methodology, A Cost Breakdown Structure (CBS) which is compatible with the DPLSS life cycle has been developed as a basis for the model. This CBS is used to address DPLSSs descriptively and nonnatively during LCVA evaluations.
A menu-driven computer program has also been developed to implement the DPLSS model on an IBM PC. This program leads users through the new LCVA-based methodology, performs economic and sensitivity analyses on their inputs, and then allows "what-if?â analyses on varying system configurations to be performed.
Master of Science
28
Spivak, Alexander. "A Theoretical Model for Life Cycle Inventory Analysis using a Disaggregated Hybrid Methodology". University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1310035001.
Testo completo
29
Maleki, Elaheh. "A Systems Engineering-based semantic model to support “Product-Service System” life cycle". Thesis, Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ECDN0064/document.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Les Systèmes Produit-Service (PSS) résultent d'une intégration de composants hétérogènes couvrant à la fois des aspects matériels et immatériels (mécanique, électrique,logiciel, processus, organisation, etc.). Le processus de développement d’un PSS est fortement collaboratif impliquant des acteurs métier très variés.Ce caractère interdisciplinaire nécessite des référentiels sémantiques standardisés pour gérer la multitude des points de vue métier et faciliter l’intégration de tous les composants hétérogènes dans un système unique. Ceci est encore plus complexe dans le cas des PSS personnalisables, majoritaires dans le milieu industriel. Malgré les nombreuses méthodologies dans littérature, la gestion des processus de développement du PSS reste encore limitée face à cette complexité. Dans ce contexte, l'Ingénierie des systèmes (IS) pourrait être une solution avantageuse au regard de ses qualités bien prouvé pour la modélisation et la gestion de systèmes complexes. Cette thèse vise à explorer le potentiel d'utilisation de l'Ingénierie des systèmes (IS) comme fondement conceptuel pour représenter d’une façon intégrée tous les différents points de vue métier associés au cycle de vie du PSS. Dans ce cadre, un méta-modèle de PSS est proposé et exemplifié dans des cas industriels. Un modèle ontologique est aussi présenté comme une application d’une partie des modèles pour structurer le référentiel commun de la plateforme ICP4LifeProduct-service systems (PSS) result from the integration of heterogeneous components covering both tangible and intangible aspects(mechanical, electrical, software, process, organization, etc.). The process of developing PSS is highly collaborative involving a wide variety of stakeholders. This interdisciplinary nature requires standardized semantic repositories to handle the multitude of business views and facilitate the integration of all heterogeneous components into a single system. This is even more complex in the case of customizable PSS in the industrial sector. Despite the many methodologies in literature, the management of the development processes of the PSS is still limited to face this complexity. In this context, Systems Engineering (SE) could bean advantageous solution in terms of its proven qualities for the modeling and management of complex systems. This thesis aims at exploring the potentials of Systems Engineering (SE) as a conceptual foundation to represent various different business perspectives associated with the life cycle of the PSS. In this context, a meta-model for PSS is proposed and verified in industrial cases. An ontological model is also presented as an application of a part of the model to structure the common repository of the ICP4Life platform
30
Duineveld, Sijmen [Verfasser], e Burkhard [Akademischer Betreuer] Heer. "Solving Life Cycle Models, Optimal Age-Dependent Unemployment Insurance, and Adaptive Beliefs in a Real Business Cycle Model / Sijmen Duineveld ; Betreuer: Burkhard Heer". Augsburg : Universität Augsburg, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1190564904/34.
Testo completo
31
Yang, Shih-Hsien. "Effectivess of Using Geotextiles in Flexible Pavements: Life-Cycle Cost Analysis". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/31442.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Using geotextiles in secondary roads to stabilize weak subgrades has been a well accepted practice over the past thirty years. However, from an economical point of view, a complete life cycle cost analysis (LCCA), which includes not only costs to agencies but also costs to users, is urgently needed to assess the benefits of using geotextile in secondary road flexible pavement.
In this study, a comprehensive life cycle cost analysis framework was developed and used to quantify the initial and the future cost of 25 representative design alternatives. A 50 year analysis cycle was used to compute the cost-effectiveness ratio for the design methods. Four flexible pavement design features were selected to test the degree of influence of the frameâ s variables. The analysis evaluated these variables and examined their impact on the results.
The study concludes that the cost effectiveness ratio from the two design methods shows that the lowest cost-effectiveness ratio using Al-Qadiâ s design method is 1.7 and the highest is 3.2. The average is 2.6. For Perkinsâ design method, the lowest value is 1.01 and the highest value is 5.7. The average is 2.1. The study also shows when user costs are considered, the greater TBR value may not result in the most effective life-cycle cost. Hence, for an optimum secondary road flexible pavement design with geotextile incorporated in the system, a life cycle cost analysis that includes user cost must be performed.Master of Science
32
Peden, Andrew David. "Recurrent paediatric headaches : individual and contextual factors, progressive relaxation, and the development of an ecological model". Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.342007.
Testo completo
33
Ardi, Shanai. "A Model and Implementation of a Security plug-in for the Software Life Cycle". Licentiate thesis, Linköping : Department of Computer and Information Science, Linköpings universitet, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-11108.
Testo completo
34
Liljenström, Carolina. "Life Cycle Assessment in Early Planning of Road Infrastructure : Application of The LICCER-model". Thesis, KTH, Industriell ekologi, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-136991.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The transport sector stands for a significant share of society’s energy consumption and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. In planning of new road infrastructure it is mainly direct emissions from traffic on the road that is taken into account. However, construction, operation and maintenance of the road infrastructure can stand for an important part of a road’s environmental load. Life cycle assessment (LCA) is a methodology that can be used for quantification of a product’s environmental impacts, from extraction of raw materials to waste treatment. An LCA-model for assessment of life cycle GHG-emissions and energy use of road infrastructure is under development in the project LICCER (Life Cycle Considerations in EIA of Road Infrastructure). The model is for use in early planning of road infrastructure, i.e. in choice of road corridor and construction type (road, bridge, and tunnel). This thesis is contributing to the LICCER-project by evaluating the possibilities of the LICCER-model to show differences between road corridors and by analysing how other road LCA-models can complement the LICCER-model. The LICCER-model is applied to a case study for choice of road corridors in early planning. Three road corridors are analysed based on data available in the feasibility study and compared to the reference alternative. Results show that production of bitumen, explosives and aggregates and earthworks in the construction phase contribute most to greenhouse gas emissions and energy consumption. A sensitivity analysis is performed in order to analyse how quantitative output and ranking of alternative can vary depending on changes in input parameters. Big changes are seen for changes in excavated volumes of rock, fuel use for excavation work, assumption on mass balance, share of fuels for operation of vehicles, soil stabilisation measure and choice of emission factors for aggregates and bitumen. The ranking can change for assumptions regarding estimated volumes of rock in the different road corridors. The LICCER-model and EFFEKT are relatively similar, but there are big differences between JOULESAVE and the LICCER-model. Consequentially, the outcome of studies made with JOULESAVE and the LICCER-model is significantly different, even when the same road corridors are analysed. The LICCER-model could be complemented with additional construction activities from JOULESAVE but other models may in fact complement the LICCER-model better at this stage of the model development, by providing background data or methods to account for uncertainties. Results from this thesis contribute with additional knowledge on GHG-emissions and energy consumption from road infrastructure. Results show that it is possible to use LCA-methodology and LCA-models such as the LICCER-model in early planning of road infrastructure for choice of road corridor and/or construction type and that data from the road’s feasibility study can be used to evaluate a road corridor from a life cycle perspective. Results can be useful also outside of the LICCER-project for planners and for development of LCA-methodology for early planning of road infrastructure.Transportsektorn står för en betydande del av samhällets energiförbrukning och utsläpp av växthusgaser. Vid planering av nya vägar är det främst direkta trafikrelaterade utsläpp som beaktas. Det har dock visats att byggande, drift och underhåll av väginfrastruktur kan stå för en viktig del av en vägs miljöbelastning. Livscykelanalys (LCA) är en metod för kvantifiering av en produkts miljöpåverkan, från utvinning av råvaror till avfallshantering. En LCA-modell för bedömning av växthusgasutsläpp och energianvändning under en vägs livscykel är under utveckling i projektet LICCER (Life Cycle Considerations in EIA of Road Infrastrucutre - Livscykelbedömning i MKB för väginfrastruktur). Modellen är avsedd att användas i tidiga planeringsstadier, i val av vägkorridor och konstruktionstyp (väg, bro eller tunnel). Detta examensarbete bidrar till LICCER-projektet genom att utvärdera LICCER-modellens möjligheter att visa skillnader mellan vägkorridorer och genom att analysera hur andra LCA-modeller för väg kan komplettera LICCER-modellen. LICCER-modellen tillämpas på en fallstudie för utvärdering av tre vägkorridorer baserat på data tillgänglig i förstudien. Resultatet visar att produktion av bitumen, sprängämnen och aggregat, samt schaktning av jord och berg bidrar mest till utsläpp av växthusgaser och energianvändning. En känslighetsanalys utförs för att analysera hur resultatet från fallstudien kan komma att ändras då förändringar görs i de indata som används. Stora förändringar kan ses för ändringar i volym utgrävt berg, bränsleförbrukning för schaktning, antagande om massbalans och framtida andel av bränslen och val av emissionsfaktorer för aggregat och bitumen. Rankningen mellan alternativ kan komma att ändras för andra antaganden om utgrävda volymer berg i de olika vägkorridorerna. LICCER-modellen och EFFEKT är relativt lika, men stora skillnader kan ses mellan JOULESAVE och LICCER-modellen. Det är därför en väsentlig skillnad mellan resultat av studier utförda med JOULESAVE och LICCER-modellen, även om samma vägkorridorer analyseras. LICCER-modellen kan kompletteras med ytterligare konstruktionsaktiviteter från JOULESAVE men andra modeller skulle kunna komplettera LICCER-modellen bättre under detta stadie av modellutvecklingen, t.ex. genom att tillhandahålla emissions- och energifaktorer, eller metoder för att uppskatta osäkerheten i resultatet. Studien visar att det är möjligt att använda LCA-metodik och LCA-modeller såsom LICCER-modellen i början av planeringen av väginfrastruktur för val av vägkorridor och/eller konstruktionstyp och att data tillgänglig i förstudien kan användas för att utvärdera en vägkorridor även ur ett livscykelperspektiv. Studien visar möjligheter och begränsningar med att utföra LCA i tidiga planeringsstadier för väginfrastruktur och kan som sådan ge användbar information inte bara till LICCER-projektet, utan också för de som bygger och planerar väg, och för utvecklandet av LCA-metodologi för väginfrastruktur.
35
Fashho, Musallam Nicolás, e Eirini Samara. "Developing a strategic model for aligning a Talent Management Life Cycle with corporate practices". Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för industriell ekonomi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-21525.
Testo completo
36
Birgisdóttir, Harpa. "Life cycle assessment model for road construction and use of residues from waste incineration". Kgs. Lyngby, 2005. http://www.er.dtu.dk/publications/fulltext/2005/MR2005-106.pdf.
Testo completo
37
Vorarat, Suparatchai. "Developing a model to suit whole life costing analysis and applications for assets in the oil and gas industry". Thesis, Robert Gordon University, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.369839.
Testo completo
38
Chatzoglou, Prodromos D. "A model for planning the requirements capture and analysis process". Thesis, University of Manchester, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.361550.
Testo completo
39
Lenning, Anders Ilstad. "Life cycle model for economical evaluation of replacement/improved maintenance strategy for systems and equipment". Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for marin teknikk, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-15495.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Systems that deteriorate over time can result in increased operational costs. Reduced efficiency, increased fuel consumption, increased failure rate that induces increased downtime costs, are some of the consequences due to deterioration. Analysis of systems and equipment that deteriorate over time is an important aspect of ageing management. In this thesis, the available literature from maintenance and life cycle theory has been mapped. The goal was to develop a model for Odfjell Drilling, which could be used to estimate the life cycle costs for optimal repair intervals for systems and equipment. Two models were derived. The first model was based on reliability theory, using Barlow & Hunter´s fixed age interval. Several parameters have been identified as necessary input values. The idea was to collect the input parameters from the operational database that Odfjell Drilling posses, and use these for optimizing optimal repair intervals, by means of the common Reliability Centered Maintenance (RCM) methodology. When the optimal intervals are found, the reduction of costs can be calculated for the remaining system life. A major problem with the reliability model is that a probability density function (PDF) must be obtained. Obtaining this, in practice, is very difficult; systems are subject to maintenance, which prevents their history to become available to the analyst. Use of subjective expert opinions for how they think the system will behave, is one approach to obtain the PDF. However this is considered as inefficient, time-consuming and inaccurate. The model approach was hence rejected. The second model is an availability-based model, which purpose is to identify systems that are main contributors to downtime. When these are found, diagnosis can be developed and evaluated in order to increase the system availability. Thus reducing the costs of downtime, which goes directly on the bottom-line of the budget. Due to significant lack of data, the availability-based model could never be tested properly. The main idea was to test it on a racking arm on a platform that is in Odfjell Drillings portfolio. The few results that were obtained will be in a separate report as the data is sensitive. Use of condition-based maintenance (CBM) is considered to be a strategy that offers more flexibility to the user, in terms of planning multiple actions. It is recognized that many systems, such as pumps and piping, could be subject to condition monitoring (CM) to a greater extent than they are today. CBM will require the development of a database for storage of system history. Trend analysis can be evaluated and used as a tool for decision making in maintenance planning. As for Odfjell Drilling, it is recommended that they investigate the potential that CBM offers, and put a single model for optimizing equipment and systems at rest.
40
zurLippe, Jan-Hendrik C. "Military compensation in the Armenian Armed Forces: life cycle cost model for the Armenian Army". Thesis, Monterey, California: Naval Postgraduate School, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/39044.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.The Armenian Armed Forces is moving from a conscript force to a volunteer force. They are based on a soviet-era military structure, but are attempting to adopt a Western-style of force structure, similar to the U.S. and U.K. A key element in this is the establishment of a professional NCO corps within the Armenian Army. As they seek to develop the senior enlisted ranks, as well as move to an all-volunteer force, they have identified the need to re-evaluate their current military pay and compensation structure. This must all be done with an eye toward long-term personnel costs, which is currently not happening. This project developed a cost model to examine the various life cycle costs of the military compensation system for the Armenian Army. The focus is on the structure of the Armenian Army peacekeeping brigade and incorporates the new, proposed professional NCO corps into a new rank and pay structure. The model allows the Armenians to adjust criteria to look at the cost implications of various manpower policy decisions. It also provides total compensation costs on an annualized basis, allowing policy makers to make informed budgeting decisions. The results show the costs at different manpower and rank mixes.
41
Lochner, Johan G. "The availability of historical data in wine cellars to construct a quantitative life cycle model". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/49706.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2001.Some digitised pages may appear illegible due to the condition of the original hard copy
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: What are the definite goals that organisations should strive for in modern-day business? How do we create sustainable competitive advantage in the world of business today? The ideal situation for an organisation is one in which it has important competitive advantages that are sustainable over time. This however is not as easy as a few years ago and the competition is more intense in basically every industry and business sector than it has ever been in the past. The last remaining source of truly sustainable competitive advantage lies in the unique ways in which each organisation structures its work and motivates its people to achieve clearly articulated strategic objectives - strategy is a company's formula for winning. An organisational life cycle model could be defined as a model that identifies a number of discreet stages that a firm goes through as it develops over time, following a growth strategy. Furthermore, the analysis of organisational life cycles, push us to ask new questions about organisations and lead us to take serious the proposition that history and prehistory powerfully shape organisations here and now. It also causes us to rethink the relationship between theory and methods. Despite some arguments on the relevancy of organisational life cycles, or the problems that may exist in the acceptance of organisational life cycle models, there is a strong belief that not only individual organisations, but industries as a whole may benefit from the identification of a valid organisational life cycle model, based on their business. The stages of an organisation's life cycle are predictable and repetitive, therefore enabling management to take proactive preventative measures, enabling them to deal with future problems earlier or avoid them altogether. It is thus evident that, if the life cycle of an organisation can be predicted, it is a right step towards creating a learning organisation, in turn, enhancing the possibility to achieve a higher level of success sooner in its life cycle.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Wat is die doelwitte waarna 'n organisasie in die hedendaagse besigheidswêreld moet streef? Hoe ontwikkel ons vandag volhoubare kompeterende voordele in die besigheidswêreld? Die ideale situasie vir 'n organisasie is een waarin hy belangrike kompeterende voordele het wat oor tyd volgehou kan word. Dit is egter nie so maklik soos 'n paar jaar gelede nie en die kompetisie is meer intens in feitlik elke industrie en besigheids-sektor van die mark as ooit te vore. Die laaste oorblywende bron van ware volhoubare kompeterende voordeel, lê in die unieke manier waarop elke organisasie sy werk struktureer en die wyse waarop hy sy mense motiveer om duidelike uiteengesette strategiese doelwitte te bereik - strategie is 'n organisasie se formule vir oorwining. 'n Organisasie se lewensiklusmodel kan gedefiniëer word as 'n model waarvolgens 'n aantal diskrete stadiums, waardeur 'n firma beweeg soos hy oor tyd ontwikkel, indien 'n groeistrategie gevolg word, geïdentifiseer kan word. Verder forseer die analisering van organisasie-lewensiklusse ons om nuwe vrae te vra oor organisasies en skep dit die bewustheid dat die verlede sowel as die toekoms 'n groot rol speel in hoe 'n organisasie vandag daar uitsien. Ook dwing organisasie-lewensiklusse ons om die verhouding tussen teorie en metodes te heroorweeg. Afgesien van sommige redenasies oor die relevansie van organisasie-lewensiklusse, of die probleme wat mag bestaan in die aanvaarding van organisasie-lewensiklus modelle, is daar 'n sterk vertroue dat nie alleenlik individuele organisasies nie, maar industrieë as 'n geheel, kan baat vind by die identifisering van 'n relevante organisasie lewensiklusmodel, gebaseer op hul besondere tipe besigheid. Die stadiums van 'n organisasie se lewensiklus is voorspelbaar en repeterend, en skep dus vir die bestuur van 'n organisasie die geleentheid om proaktiewe maatreëls daar te stel, wat hulle dan in staat stel om toekomstige probleme vroeër te identifiseer of totaal te vermy. Dit is dus duidelik dat, indien die lewensiklus van 'n organisasie voorspel kan word, dit 'n stap in die regte rigting is om 'n dinamiese maatskappy daar te stel, wat op sy beurt dan hoër vlakke van sukses vroeër in sy lewensiklus behoort te bereik. In 'n poging om 'n relevante lewensiklusmodel vir die Suid-Afrikaanse wynbedryf daar te stel, is die eerste vraag om jouself af te vra, "Beskik Suid-Afrikaanse wynkelders oor die historiese inligting benodig om 'n kwantitatiewe lewensiklusmodel saam te stel?" Hoewel nie altyd in die verlangde formaat nie, blyk dit uit die opname dat 'n hoë persentasie historiese data aangaande produksie-syfers (91%), bemarking-syfers (78%), finansiële-syfers (91%) en struktuur (81%) by wynkelders beskikbaar is. Die beskikbaarheid van bruikbare inligting, ouer as tien jaar, is: 65% vir produksie- syfers, 39% vir bemarking- syfers, 56% vir finansiële syfers en 57% vir strukture by wynkelders. lndien die behoefte ooit sou ontstaan om hierdie informasie te versamel, word daar voorgestel dat die vraelys (Byvoegsel B) gebruik word, gevolg deur 'n onderhoud gebaseer op die raamwerk soos aangedui in dieselfde byvoegsel. Die verantwoordelikheid om die vraelys te voltooi moet op die uitvoerder van die studie val. Dit moet egter in gedagte gehou word dat die informasie nie dikwels beskikbaar sal wees vir die periode van tyd soos deur die vraelys verlang word nie. Tydens die periode van insameling van inligting sal die persoon bereid moet wees om ten minste 'n paar dae by elk van die kelders deur te bring. Realisties gesproke kan 'n paar dae, in sommige van die gevalle, selfs weke word.
42
Veerasamy, Namosha. "CLC - cyberterrorism life cycle model". Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/12393.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Ph.D. (Computer Science)The rise of technology has brought with it many benefits but also the potential for great dangers. In particular, Information Communication Technology (ICT) is involved in many facets of life-influencing systems, which range from power plants to airports. Terrorists are now realising the great possibilities of interfering with critical infrastructure. Remote access, reduced costs, automation, replication, speed, direct effect, varied targets and anonymity are all benefits that make attacking computers and networks in cyberspace an attractive solution. ICT could thus serve as a powerful instrument to advance political and ideological viewpoints. The ICT landscape now faces an emerging threat in the form of cyberterrorists. However, it is important not to incorrectly perceive ordinary cyber attacks as cyberterrorism. Cyberterrorism is different from cybercrime in that is has differing motives, attack goals, techniques and intended effects. The motivation for cyberterrorism largely stems from political and ideological views (religious, social activism, retributional). Cyber attacks are mainly driven by financial theft, fraud or espionage, whereas cyberterrorism aims to create publicity for a cause and leave a high impact. In this study, a Cyberterrorism Life Cycle (CLC) Model is developed in order to demonstrate the various factors that lead to the establishment and growth of cyberterrorism. The model depicts the various strategic and technical issues that are relevant to the field. Overall, this model aims to structure the dynamic interaction of the behavioural and technological factors that influence the development of cyberterrorism. Throughout the research, various factors that are influential to cyberterrorism are investigated. The research follows a systematic approach of revealing various underlying issues and thereafter compiling the holistic CLC model to depict these critical issues. Part 1 introduces cyberterrorism and provides the background to the field by discussing incidents and example groups. Initially, the concept of cyberterrorism is explored and the proposed definition tested. Part 2 looks at investigating cyberterrorism more deeply. A conceptual framework is presented that introduces the most pertinent factors in the field of cyberterrorism. Next, the traditional and innovative use of the Internet to carry out and support terrorism is explored. Then, the study addresses the determination of additional social factors using Partial Least Squares Path Modelling. In Part 3, the field of cyberterrorism is more intensely studied. Cyberterrorism is mapped to the Observe-Orient- Decide-Act (OODA) loop, which will form the basis of the CLC model. Thereafter, the most influential concepts essential to the field of cyberterrorism are applied in order to classify attacks as cyberterrorism using ontologies. Furthermore, in Part 3, countermeasures are discussed to look at ways to combat cyberterrorism. Part 4 forms the crux of the research. The CLC model is presented as a structured representation of the various influential factors relevant to cyberterrorism. Thereafter, the CLC model is simulated to show the field more dynamically. Overall, the CLC model presented in this study aims to show the interaction of the various strategic, behavioural and technical issues. The CLC model can help elucidate the reasons for attraction into extremist groups and how attacks are carried out.
43
Martins, Constança Margarida Pimenta Pereira Duarte. "Life cycle model and health risk". Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/72926.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Life-cycle theory explains how an individual will allocate his wealth throughout his life. So far, research has been developed with empirical evidence diverging from model predictions. Recently, health has been introduced as a source of background risk but the main focus has been the retirement period. I will present here a simple model with health risk, showing how it impacts the choice of the young agent. I find that the wealthier and unhealthier the agent is, the less he will invest in the risky asset.
44
Yang, Chia-Jung, e 楊佳蓉. "Personal Life-cycle Financial Planning Decision Model". Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/4zb9e6.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
碩士銘傳大學
財務金融學系碩士班
95
The gradual growth of the life expectancy of people, the decrease of the fertility rate, and the low replacement ratio of the laborer retirement reveal the importance of the wealth accumulation and asset allocation during personal life-cycle. Therefore, this research proposes employing a personal life-cycle financial planning model based on financial theory in order to help the variety of investors make a comprehensive personal financial planning decision. This research firstly constructs the implied longevity yield model to investigate whether the annuity insurance can hedge the longevity risk. Next, this research employs the personal life-cycle financial decision model to dynamically conduct asset allocation. The investment targets are divided into two groups. The first group only considers risk-free and risky assets, i.e., bond and stock. The other group incorporates into the annuity insurance. Under the consideration of annuity insurance, this research further explores the optimal consumption, investment decision and the level of the utility under the scenarios of the different degree of risk aversion coefficient, bequest motives, replacement ratio, expense ratio, and inflation rate. The empirical results of this research indicate that the annuity insurance commodity can hedge longevity risk. When the investment target includes annuity insurance, under the scenarios of different degree of risk aversion coefficient, bequest motives, replacement ratio, expense ratio, and inflation rate, the investor would purchase the annuity insurance commodity, enhancing her own level of utility. Therefore, this research suggests that the investor purchase the annuity insurance in her personal life-cycle financial decision, in particular for the stage of retirement financial planning.
45
Lin, Cheng-hsuan, e 林正軒. "Bridge Life Cycle Maintenance Strategy Optimization Model". Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/49330514330179725333.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
碩士國立臺灣科技大學
營建工程系
101
Because Taiwan is influenced by monsoon climate and located in seismic zone, the bridges are usually damaged by natural disasters. As a result, it is likely to cause damaging bridges and have safety doubts. Therefore, how to evaluate the health of existing bridges and enhance the life-span is an urgent issue. The inspections in Taiwan are mostly tangible(visible), while the potential risk(invisible) of earthquake and flood resistant capacity is not been described much. Because of that, it would be difficult to assess the real condition of the bridge. The bridge has to be examined and tested regularly in order to ensure and maintain the safety of the bridge. With a limited budget for bridge maintenance, the department of management must control the time of bridge maintenance to optimize the funds. To extend the life time of the bridge and maintain bridge’s safety for regular transportation take not only repair and maintenance but also safety inspections. The assessment of the bridge’s health is also indispensable.
46
Yen, Wen-Chiao, e 嚴文巧. "A decision model for product life cycle". Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/90761125525953238910.
Testo completo
47
Nuttall, Brandon. "A defect-centric open-source life-cycle model". Diss., 2006. http://etd.library.vanderbilt.edu/ETD-db/available/etd-03012006-134308/.
Testo completo
48
Cho, Shu-Hui, e 卓淑惠. "Production Life Cycle Forecasting Model for Publishing Industry". Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/24927345547517926627.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
碩士東海大學
工業工程學系
88
In general, there exists the problem of high reject rate in publishing industry in Taiwan. For distribution centers, the problem of high reject rate increases operation costs, inventory costs and delivery costs. This causes a heavy-load for publishing industry with low capital. Therefore, it is important to have an effective sales forecasting. There is a large of variety of books. Hence, in this research, we analyze publishing industry and classify books by marketing view. Then we find the factors for and the kinds of books with high reject rate. In the real world, there are many influence factors for book sales. They are either quantitative or qualitative. Most problems of sales forecasting are non- linear, and neural-networks provide a powerful tool for non-linear problems. In this research, we combine the expert’s experience and neural network for sales forecasting. The first phase establishes an effective forecasting system. The second phase allows influence factors to vary and influence to forecast sales. The first phase also is to forecast sales of the books by the same writer, and special factors are also included. Thus, The model of the first phase is characterized by the opportunity of the special factor occurrence and the influence on sales volume. The goal of the second phase is to consider similar kinds of books by different writers. Therefore, the models of the second phase can be classified into normal and special factor models. Through training, testing and verification stages, the neural network is capable of responding to influencing factor changes with appropriate sales forecasting changes.
49
Wu, Cai-Wei, e 吳彩微. "School Buildings Life Cycle Seismic Risk Inference Model". Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/65558714008375723580.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
碩士國立臺灣科技大學
營建工程系
102
Because the school buildings were always damaged in the big earthquake, the school buildings mostly were used for 30 years. Thus, it may be known the school buildings are old, they had less satisfactory seismic performance. To enhance the seismic performance of school buildings, the Ministry of Education of Taiwan entrusts the National Center of Research on Earthquake Engineering to draw up a set process of seismic performance of school buildings. According to the process of seismic performance of school buildings, the school building must pass through the preliminary assessment to decide whether go on the detailed assessment. Then through the detailed assessment to decide whether go on the seismic retrofitting. But, the detailed assessment cost much money and took much time. So, if we can promote the accuracy of the preliminary assessment. It may reduce money and time by the wrong assume. Furthermore, when the government makes up the plan and budget, they need to estimate the quantity of the school buildings which have to retrofit, and the funds of seismic retrofitting. So, it’s an important problem. In addition, the seismic performance of school buildings only has to reach the lowest standard value. Because the seismic performance enhances much, then the funds of the seismic retrofitting will become too high. But, if the seismic performance enhances much, then the expected value of losses due to seismic total damage will reduce. Therefore, this research considers both the funds of seismic retrofitting and the expected value of losses due to seismic total damage. Above all, this research applies Evolutionary Support Vector Machine Inference Model and the hazard curve of response spectral accelerations to establish the model of estimating life cycle the expected value of losses due to seismic damage of school buildings. This model can resolve above problems.
50
Hsu, Zih-Long, e 徐梓隆. "Group Bridges Life Cycle Maintenance Strategy Optimization Model". Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/37037244270228576866.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
碩士國立臺灣科技大學
營建工程系
102
Proper maintenance and restoration strategy for bridges is an essential issue, for Taiwan is an island with frequent earthquake, typhoon and heavy rain, thus, bridge competent might deteriorate more seriously. Nowadays, the bridge inspections in Taiwan are almost visible (tangible), while the invisible (potential) risks such as earthquake and scour resistant capacity are not taken into account. This paper considers main risk factors as the competent deterioration, scour and earthquake. In order to ensure the safety and extend the life-span for bridges and the government limit budget, this study proposes the novel model, the Group Bridge life cycle Maintenance Strategy Optimization Model. In the model, first, the study uses Monte Carlo simulation to estimate the bridge maintenance probability from the historical data. Second, using the artificial intelligence (AI) ESIM model to estimate risk impact influence cost from the relationship through the input data (DER&;U) and output data (historical maintenance cost). Third, estimate the user cost of the bridges without maintenance. Forth, sum up each risk factor's multiplication of bridge maintenance probability and risk influence cost to obtain the risk cost as E(Cost). Last, the model utilizes (SOS, Symbiotic Organism Search) algorithm to obtain the minimum LCC cost EGT(Cost), and every year the budget limit will be confirmed. As a result, this study can provide the optimal maintenance timing and cost as maintenance strategy for bridge management division.