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1
Matocq, Armand. "Deux nouveaux Discocoris des Petites Antilles (îles de Guadeloupe et Martinique) (Hemiptera, Thaumastocoridae, Xylastodorinae)". Bulletin de la Société entomologique de France 127, n. 4 (2022): 331–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.32475/bsef_2257.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Two new Discocoris from Lesser West Indies (Guadeloupe and Martinique Islands) (Hemiptera, Thaumastocoridae, Xylastodorinae). Two new Discocoris from French West Indies (Guadeloupe and Martinique islands) are described, each from a single male specimen, D. bonfilsi n. sp. from Guadeloupe island and D. rogueti n. sp. from Martinique island. Photographic illustrations of the dorsal and ventral sides of each species are given. A key to species of Discocoris is provided.
2
Anglade, A., A. Lemarchand, J. M. Saurel, V. Clouard, M. P. Bouin, J. B. De Chabalier, S. Tait et al. "Significant technical advances in broadband seismic stations in the Lesser Antilles". Advances in Geosciences 40 (10 aprile 2015): 43–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/adgeo-40-43-2015.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract. In the last few years, French West Indies observatories from the Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP), in collaboration with The UWI Seismic Research Centre (SRC, University of West Indies), have modernized the Lesser Antilles Arc seismic and deformation monitoring network. 15 new, permanent stations have been installed that strengthen and expand its detection capabilities. The global network of the IPGP-SRC consortium is now composed of 20 modernized stations, all equipped with broadband seismometers, strong motion sensors, Global Positioning System (GPS) sensors and satellite communication for real-time data transfer. To enhance the sensitivity and reduce ambient noise, special efforts were made to improve the design of the seismic vault and the original Stuttgart shielding of the broadband seismometers (240 and 120s corner period). Tests were conducted for several months, involving different types of countermeasures, to achieve the highest performance level of the seismometers. GPS data, realtime and validated seismic data (only broadband) are now available from the IPGP data centre (http://centrededonnees.ipgp.fr/index.php?&lang=EN). This upgraded network feeds the Caribbean Tsunami Warning System supported by UNESCO and establishes a monitoring tool that produces high quality data for studying subduction and volcanic processes in the Lesser Antilles arc.
3
Zahibo, N., e E. N. Pelinovsky. "Evaluation of tsunami risk in the Lesser Antilles". Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 1, n. 4 (31 dicembre 2001): 221–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-1-221-2001.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract. The main goal of this study is to give the preliminary estimates of the tsunami risks for the Lesser Antilles. We investigated the available data of the tsunamis in the French West Indies using the historical data and catalogue of the tsunamis in the Lesser Antilles. In total, twenty-four (24) tsunamis were recorded in this area for last 400 years; sixteen (16) events of the seismic origin, five (5) events of volcanic origin and three (3) events of unknown source. Most of the tsunamigenic earthquakes (13) occurred in the Caribbean, and three tsunamis were generated during far away earthquakes (near the coasts of Portugal and Costa Rica). The estimates of tsunami risk are based on a preliminary analysis of the seismicity of the Caribbean area and the historical data of tsunamis. In particular, we investigate the occurrence of historical extreme runup tsunami data on Guadeloupe, and these data are revised after a survey in Guadeloupe.
4
Imbert, Daniel, Patrick Labbé e Alain Rousteau. "Hurricane damage and forest structure in Guadeloupe, French West Indies". Journal of Tropical Ecology 12, n. 5 (settembre 1996): 663–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026646740000986x.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
ABSTRACTA comparative study of the damage caused by Hurricane Hugo on the three main types of forest in the lesser Antilles was carried out in the mangrove forest, the semi-evergreen forest and the rainforests of Guadeloupe. Hurricane impact on these forests showed at first that high canopy trees generally prevented understorey trees from heavy direct damage (shield effect). In the species-poor, structurally homogeneous stands, in the mangrove forest, species' susceptibility was the major determinant in both intensity and type of damage. Damage was heavy in places and showed a certain spatial uniformity. In the rainforest, the high structural complexity of the vegetation generally induced a great variability in the spatial distribution of damage even at a small scale. Due to the presence of tall trees, indirect damage was locally very heavy. Clumps of large trees formed resistant structures which diminished lethal damage below the main canopy (cluster effect). In such a highly structured, species-rich forest, species' susceptibility was concealed at the local scale by the prevailing influence of vertical structure. Because of its relatively rich flora but low stature, the semi-deciduous forest exhibited intermediate patterns of damage. It was concluded that floristic composition and forest structure help to explain, and to predict, hurricane damage to forest cover.
5
Chrystèle, Verati, Yves Mazabraud, Jean-Marc Lardeaux, Michel Corsini, Dorian Schneider, Emile Voitus e Fabienne Zami. "Tectonic evolution of Les Saintes archipelago (Guadeloupe, French West Indies): relation with the Lesser Antilles arc system". Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France 187, n. 1 (1 gennaio 2016): 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/gssgfbull.187.1.3.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract In this paper, we provide the first structural map of Les Saintes archipelago (Guadeloupe, Lesser Antilles). The finite strain pattern displays four families of fault systems characterized by their statistical structural orientations: N000-N020, N050-N070, N090-N110 and N130-N140 trending fault systems. Our onshore results thus underline a fault network much more complex than the one depicted by the previous offshore geophysical investigations around Les Saintes archipelago, which show only N120-N150 trending system. According to the available K-Ar dating of the volcanic rocks and the relative chronology of the faults defined in the field, we determine the deformation history in Les Saintes islands since the last 3 Ma. The four highlighted trending fault systems are already active since the Pliocene and are consistent with the present-day extensional tectonics in the Guadeloupe archipelago compatible with the reactivation of inherited structures at the active arc scale. We interpret the tectonic evolution of Les Saintes islands as the result of interplay between subduction of aseismic ridges (Tiburon and Barracuda ridges) and oblique convergence. Furthermore, we recognized an exhumed geothermal paleo-system in Terre-de-Haut island which is a good analogue of the present-day active Bouillante geothermal system. Its duration is estimated at 400 k.y. during the Pliocene.
6
Krien, Y., B. Dudon, J. Roger e N. Zahibo. "Probabilistic hurricane-induced storm surge hazard assessment in Guadeloupe, Lesser Antilles". Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 15, n. 8 (3 agosto 2015): 1711–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-15-1711-2015.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract. Current storm surge hazard maps in the French West Indies are essentially based on simple statistical methods using limited historical data and early low-resolution models which do not take the effect of waves into account. In this paper, we infer new 100-year and 1000-year surge levels in Guadeloupe from the numerical modelling of storm surges induced by a large set of synthetic events that are in statistical agreement with features of historical hurricanes in the North Atlantic Basin between 1980 and 2011. Computations are performed using the wave-current coupled model ADCIRC–SWAN with high grid resolutions (up to 40–60 m) in the coastal and wave dissipation areas. This model is validated against observations during past events such as hurricane HUGO (1989). Results are generally found to be in reasonable agreement with past studies in areas where surge is essentially wind-driven, but found to differ significantly in coastal regions where the transfer of momentum from waves to the water column constitutes a non-negligible part of the total surge. The methodology, which can be applied to other islands in the Lesser Antilles, allows storm surge level maps to be obtained that can be of major interest for coastal planners and decision makers in terms of risk management.
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Krien, Y., B. Dudon, J. Roger e N. Zahibo. "Probabilistic hurricane-induced storm surge hazard assessment in Guadeloupe, Lesser Antilles". Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences Discussions 3, n. 1 (14 gennaio 2015): 401–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhessd-3-401-2015.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract. Current storm surge hazard maps in the French West Indies are essentially based on simple statistical methods using limited historical data and early low-resolution models which do not take the effect of waves into account. In this paper, we infer new 100 and 1000 year surge levels in Guadeloupe from the numerical modelling of storm surges induced by a large set of synthetic events that are in statistical agreement with features of historical hurricanes in the North Atlantic Basin between 1980 and 2011. Computations are performed using the wave-current coupled model ADCIRC-SWAN with high grid resolutions (up to 40–60 m) in the coastal and wave dissipation areas. This model is validated against observations during past events such as hurricane HUGO (1989). Results are generally found to be in reasonable agreement with past studies in areas where surge is essentially wind-driven, but to differ significantly in coastal regions where the transfer of momentum from waves to the water column constitutes a non-negligible part of the total surge. The methodology, which can be applied to other islands in the Lesser Antilles, allows to obtain storm surge level maps that can be of major interest for coastal planners and decision makers in terms of risk management.
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Thinon, Isabelle, Pol Guennoc, Adnand Bitri e Catherine Truffert. "Study of the Bouillante Bay (West Basse-Terre Island shelf): contribution of geophysical surveys to the understanding of the structural context of Guadeloupe (French West Indies - Lesser Antilles)". Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France 181, n. 1 (1 gennaio 2010): 51–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/gssgfbull.181.1.51.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract The need to understand the structural context of the Bouillante geothermal field (West Basse-Terre, Guadeloupe, French West Indies) has led to onshore and offshore studies in the “high-energy geothermal fields” project, carried out by ADEME and BRGM. To ascertain the structural context of the island and the offshore continuation of the structures identified onshore, bathymetric, high-resolution reflection seismic and magnetic surveys were conducted on the shelf. The analyses of these detailed data show that the width of the present-day northwestern Basse-Terre shelf has been built by the accumulation of the Pleistocene detrital sediments over a volcanic substratum representing the prolongation on the shelf of an onshore volcanic edifice that bounds the Bouillante Bay on the south. The sedimentary cover has recorded two important regressive phases. Deciphering the structural frame has confirmed that the Bouillante sector is a key geodynamic area where the major tectonic and volcanic structures of the inner arc of the Lesser Antilles join. In this area, the N160° Basse-Terre volcanic axis, the N140° Montserrat-Bouillante volcanic and fault system, the EW Bouillante-Capesterre fault system, linked to the E-W-trending Marie-Galante graben, join up and their relationships have been specified. The N140°E Montserrat-Bouillante fault system ends on a N160° escarpment and basement high which would represent the relay of a major NNW-SSE- strike-slip fault system along the inner arc of the Lesser Antilles, linking the Montserrat-Bouillante fault to that of Les Saintes.
9
Levesque, Anthony, e Pierre Yésou. "Black-capped Petrel (<em>Pterodroma hasitata</em>) occurrence near Guadeloupe, Lesser Antilles, 2001–2008". Journal of Caribbean Ornithology 31 (13 dicembre 2018): 20–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.55431/jco.2018.31.20-22.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract: Coastal sea surveys off eastern Guadeloupe, French West Indies, in 2001–2008 showed the presence of Black-capped Petrel (Pterodroma hasitata). The species occurs in small numbers from October to March, peaking from November to January. Such a seasonal appearance coincides with the species’ breeding calendar, suggesting that these birds may belong to the small breeding population recently rediscovered in nearby Dominica. The presence of this rare and endangered species in French waters off Guadeloupe has to be taken into account in national conservation policy.
Keywords: at-sea records, Black-capped Petrel, Dominica, Guadeloupe, Pterodroma hasitata
Resumen: Diablotín (Pterodroma hasitata) occurencia cerca Guadalupe, Antillas Menores, 2001–2008—Encuestas en el mar costero del este de Guadalupe, en las Antillas francesas en 2001–2008 han mostrado la presencia del Diablotín (Pterodroma hasitata). La especie ocurre en pequeños números de octubre a marzo, alcanzando un máximo de individuos entre noviembre y enero. Tal aparición estacional coincide con el calendario reproductivo de la especie, lo cual sugiere que estas aves pueden pertenecer a la pequeña población reproductora recientemente redescubierta en la cercana Dominica. La presencia de esta especie rara y en peligro de extinción en las aguas francesas frente a Guadalupe debe tenerse en cuenta en la política nacional de conservación.
Palabras clave: Diablotín, Dominica, Guadalupe, observaciones marítimas, Pterodroma hasitata
Résumé: Pétrel diablotin (Pterodroma hasitata) occurrence près de Guadeloupe, Petites Antilles, 2001–2008—Un suivi ornithologique des eaux côtières à l’est de la Guadeloupe, Antilles françaises, en 2001–2008 a mis en évidence la présence du Pétrel diablotin (Pterodroma hasitata). Cette espèce est présente en petit nombre d’octobre à mars, avec un pic d’abondance de novembre à janvier. Ce calendrier de présence coïncide avec le cycle reproducteur de l’espèce, suggérant que ces oiseaux pourraient appartenir à la petite population nicheuse récemment redécouverte sur l’île voisine, la Dominique. La présence de cette espèce rare et menacée dans les eaux territoriales françaises de la Guadeloupe doit être prise en compte dans la politique nationale de conservation.
Mots clés: Guadeloupe, la Dominique, observations en mer, Pétrel diablotin, Pterodroma hasitata
10
Favier, Alexiane, Jean-Marc Lardeaux, Lucie Legendre, Chrystele Verati, Melody Philippon, Michel Corsini, Philippe Münch e Sandra Ventalon. "Tectono-metamorphic evolution of shallow crustal levels within active volcanic arcs. Insights from the exhumed Basal Complex of Basse-Terre (Guadeloupe, French West Indies)". BSGF - Earth Sciences Bulletin 190 (2019): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bsgf/2019011.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In order to decipher the tectono-metamorphic evolution of shallow crustal levels of the active volcanic arc of the Guadeloupe archipelago (Lesser Antilles) we present new geochemical, geochronological, mineralogical and structural investigations of the so-called Basal Complex, the oldest and most eroded volcanic complex of Basse-Terre in Guadeloupe. Based on geochemical and mineralogical criteria we propose an updated geological map of this northern area of Basse-Terre. Using 40Ar–39Ar geochronology we demonstrate first that the eroded “Gros Morne” of Deshaies belong to the Basal Complex, and second that this complex is characterized by 4.3 to 2 Ma old volcanism. Structural analysis reveals a long-lived deformation history with the development through time of N80-N100 schistose zones; N110-N140 and N160-N10 oriented hydrothermal breccias and N140-N150 brittle normal faults. The boundary between the Basal Complex and the southernmost Septentrional Chain corresponds to a series of faults with N 150° and N 50° main directions. Detailed mineralogical and petrological investigations, including thermodynamic modeling, allow the identification of three phases of post-magmatic mineralogical transformations with first a high-temperature stage under Greenschist to sub-Greenschist facies conditions (0.6–2 kbar for 250–300 °C), a re-equilibration under Zeolite facies conditions and finally a sub-surface alteration. The consistency between P–T conditions of metamorphism and the present day measured geothermal gradient demonstrates that the metamorphic pattern is the record of hydrothermal fluids circulation during building and cooling of the Lesser Antilles magmatic arc. The tectono-metamorphic evolution recognized in the Basal Complex enables us to propose a conceptual model for heat and fluid transport within shallow crustal levels of the Guadeloupe active volcanic arc.
11
Lardeaux, Jean-Marc, Philippe Münch, Michel Corsini, Jean-Jacques Cornée, Chrystèle Verati, Jean-Frédéric Lebrun, Frédéric Quillévéré et al. "La Désirade island (Guadeloupe, French West Indies): a key target for deciphering the role of reactivated tectonic structures in Lesser Antilles arc building". Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France 184, n. 1-2 (1 gennaio 2013): 21–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/gssgfbull.184.1-2.21.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract In this paper we present and discuss new investigations performed on both the magmatic basement and the sedimentary formations of La Désirade. We report structural and sedimentary evidences for several episodes of deformation and displacement occurring prior to the present day tectonics. The main faults, respectively N130 ± 10°, N040 ± 10° and N090 ± 10°, previously considered as marker of the current tectonic regime corresponds to reactivated tectonic structures developed first during late Cretaceous compression and second during Pliocene to early Pleistocene extension. We demonstrate also the importance of late Pliocene-early Pleistocene and middle-late Pleistocene vertical movements in this part of the Lesser Antilles fore-arc as well as the role of compressive tectonics in the over thickened character of the arc basement in the Guadeloupe archipelago.
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Legendre, L., M. Philippon, Ph Münch, J. L. Leticée, M. Noury, G. Maincent, J. J. Cornée, A. Caravati, J. F. Lebrun e Y. Mazabraud. "Trench Bending Initiation: Upper Plate Strain Pattern and Volcanism. Insights From the Lesser Antilles Arc, St. Barthelemy Island, French West Indies". Tectonics 37, n. 9 (settembre 2018): 2777–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2017tc004921.
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Peruzzetto, Marc, Yoann Legendre, Aude Nachbaur, Thomas J. B. Dewez, Yannick Thiery, Clara Levy e Benoit Vittecoq. "How volcanic stratigraphy constrains headscarp collapse scenarios: the Samperre cliff case study (Martinique island, Lesser Antilles)". Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 22, n. 12 (12 dicembre 2022): 3973–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-22-3973-2022.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract. Gravitational instabilities can be significant threats to populations and infrastructure. For hazard assessment, it is important to estimate the geometry and volume of potential unstable masses. This characterization can be particularly difficult in volcanic contexts due to the succession of deposition and erosion phases. Indeed, it results in complex layering geometries in which the interfaces between geological layers may be neither parallel nor planar. Geometry characterization is all the more complex when unstable masses are located in steep and hard to access landscapes, which limits data acquisition. In this work, we show how remote observations can be used to estimate the surface envelope of an unstable mass on a volcanic cliff. We use ortho-photographs, aerial views and topographic surveys to (i) describe the different geological units of the cliff, (ii) characterize the stability of geological units, (iii) infer the paleo-morphology of the site and (iv) estimate potential unstable volumes. We investigate the Samperre cliff in Martinique (Lesser Antilles, French West Indies) as a study site, where recurrent destabilizations since at least 1988 have produced debris flows that threaten populations and infrastructure. Our analysis suggests that the destabilizations occurring on the cliff may be associated with the re-opening of a paleo-valley filled by pyroclastic materials. We estimate that between 3.5×106 and 8.3×106 m3 could still be mobilized by future destabilizations in the coming decades.
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Rey, Tony, Frédéric Leone, Thomas Candela, Ali Belmadani, Philippe Palany, Yann Krien, Raphael Cécé, Monique Gherardi, Matthieu Péroche e Narcisse Zahibo. "Coastal Processes and Influence on Damage to Urban Structures during Hurricane Irma (St-Martin & St-Barthélemy, French West Indies)". Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 7, n. 7 (12 luglio 2019): 215. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse7070215.
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This study aims to better understand coastal processes associated with extreme cyclonic events through the study of the coastal changes, flooding and damage that resulted from the passage of a category 5 hurricane (Irma) on 6 September 2017 over the islands of Saint-Martin and Saint-Barthélemy in the Lesser Antilles. Hurricane Irma was contextualized from tropical cyclone track data and local weather observations collected by Météo-France, as well as high-resolution numerical modelling. Field work involved the study of accretion coasts through qualitative observations, topo-morphological and sedimentary surveys, as well as image acquisition with Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) surveys during two trips that were made 2 and 8 months after the catastrophe. Wave propagation and flood numerical models are presented and compared to field data. Our field analysis also reports on the devastating impacts of storm surges and waves, which reached 4 and 10 meters height, respectively, especially along east-facing shores. The approaches reveal a variety of morpho-sedimentary responses over both natural and highly urbanized coasts. The analysis shows the effects of coastal structures and streets on flow channeling, on the amplification of some erosion types, and on water level increase. Positive spatial correlation is found between damage intensity and marine flood depth. The signatures of ocean-induced damage are clear and tend to validate the relevance of the intensity scale used in this study.
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Ostapkowicz, Joanna, Alison Roberts, Jevon Thistlewood, Fiona Brock, Alex C. Wiedenhoeft, Christophe Snoeck, Rick Schulting e Warwick Bray. "THE ORIGINS OF TRADESCANT’S ‘INDIA OCCIDENTALI’ WOODEN CLUBS:14C DATING, MATERIAL IDENTIFICATION AND STRONTIUM ISOTOPE STUDIES". Antiquaries Journal 98 (3 aprile 2018): 187–218. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003581517000324.
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This paper focuses on the material study (radiocarbon dating, wood identification and strontium isotope analyses) of four large ‘India occidentali’ clubs, part of the founding collections of the Ashmolean Museum, in Oxford, and originally part of John Tradescant’s ‘Ark’, in Lambeth (1656). During the seventeenth century, the term ‘India occidentali/occidentales’ referred not only to the ‘West Indies’ (its literal translation), but to the Americas as a whole; hence, the Ashmolean clubs and, indeed, thecforty examples of similarly large, decorated clubs known in international museum collections had no firm provenance and lacked even the most basic information. Previous attempts at attribution, based on stylistic comparisons with nineteenth- to twentieth-century Brazilian and Guyanese clubs, have proved inconclusive given the unique features of this club style, raising the intriguing possibility that these may be exceptionally rare examples of ‘Island Carib’ (Kalinago) material culture, particularly as images of such clubs appear in seventeenth-century ethnographic accounts from the Lesser Antilles. This paper provides new data for these poorly known objects from early collections, revealing not only the type of wood from which they were carved (Platymisciumsp. andBrosimumcfguianense) and their probable dates of manufacture (c AD1300–1640), but also their possible provenance (strontium results are consistent with a possible range from Trinidad south to French Guiana).
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Germa, Aurélie, Xavier Quidelleur, Shasa Labanieh, Pierre Lahitte e Catherine Chauvel. "The eruptive history of Morne Jacob volcano (Martinique Island, French West Indies): Geochronology, geomorphology and geochemistry of the earliest volcanism in the recent Lesser Antilles arc". Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 198, n. 3-4 (dicembre 2010): 297–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2010.09.013.
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Péroche, M., F. Leone e R. Gutton. "An accessibility graph-based model to optimize tsunami evacuation sites and routes in Martinique, France". Advances in Geosciences 38 (23 gennaio 2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/adgeo-38-1-2014.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract. The risk of tsunami threatens the whole Caribbean coastline especially the Lesser Antilles. The first available models of tsunami propagation estimate that the travel time from the closest seismic sources would only take few minutes to impact the Martinique Island. Considering this threat, the most effective measure is a planned and organized evacuation of the coastal population. This requires an efficient regional warning system, estimation of the maximum expected tsunami flood height, preparation of the population to evacuate, and drawing up of local and regional emergency plans. In order to produce an efficient evacuation plan, we have to assess the number of people at risk, the potential evacuation routes, the safe areas and the available time to evacuate. However, this essential information is still lacking in the French West Indies emergency plans. This paper proposes a model of tsunami evacuation sites accessibility for Martinique directly addressed to decision makers. It is based on a population database at a local scale, the development of connected graphs of roads, the identification of potential safe areas and the velocity setting for pedestrians. Evacuation routes are calculated using the Dijkstra's algorithm which gives the shortest path between areas at risk and designated evacuation sites. The first results allow us to map the theoretical times and routes to keep the exposed population safe and to compare these results with a tsunami travel time scenario.
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Gailler, Lydie-Sarah, Guillaume Martelet, Isabelle Thinon, Vincent Bouchot, Jean-Frédéric Lebrun e Philippe Münch. "Crustal structure of Guadeloupe islands and the Lesser Antilles arc from a new gravity and magnetic synthesis". Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France 184, n. 1-2 (1 gennaio 2013): 77–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/gssgfbull.184.1-2.77.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract Guadeloupe island (West French Indies) is one of the twenty islands that compose the Lesser Antilles arc, which results from the subduction of the Atlantic ocean plate beneath the Caribbean one. The island lies in a complex volcano-tectonic system and the need to understand its geological context has led to numerous on- and offshore geophysical investigations. This work presents a compilation and the processing of available, on-land, airborne and marine, gravity and magnetic data acquired during the last 40 years on Guadeloupe islands and at the scale of the Lesser Antilles arc. The overall dataset provides new Bouguer and reduced to the pole magnetic anomaly maps at the highest achievable resolution. Regionally, the main central negative gravity trend of the arc allows defining two subsident areas. The first one is parallel to the arc direction (~N160°E) to the north, whereas the second unexpected southern one is oriented parallel to oceanic ridges (N130°E). Along the Outer arc, the long wavelength positive anomaly is interpreted, at least along the Karukera spur, as an up-rise of the volcanic basement in agreement with the seismic studies. To the NE of Guadeloupe, the detailed analysis of the geophysical anomalies outlines a series of structural discontinuities consistent with the main bathymetric morphologies, and in continuity of the main fault systems already reported in this area. Based on geophysical evidences, this large scale deformation and faulting of the Outer arc presumably primarily affects the Atlantic subducting plate and secondarily deforms the upper Caribbean plate and the accretion prism, as evidenced in bathymetry as well as on the islands. At the scale of Guadeloupe island, combined gravity and magnetic modeling has been initiated based on existing interpretation of old seismic refraction profiles, with a general structure in three main layers. According to our geophysical anomalies, additional local structures are also modeled in agreement with geological observations: i) the gravity and magnetic signals confirm an up-rise of the volcanic basement below the limestone platforms outcropping on Grande-Terre island ; ii) the ancient volcanic complexes of Basse-Terre island are modeled with high density and reverse magnetized formations; iii) the recent volcanic centre is associated with formations consistent with the low measured density and the underlying hydrothermal system. The E-W models coherently image a NNW-SSE depression structure in half-graben beneath Basse-Terre island, its western scarp following the arc direction in agreement with bathymetric and seismic studies to the north of the island. The so-defined depressed area, and particularly its opening in half-graben toward the SW, is interpreted as the present-day front of deformation of the upper plate, associated with the recent volcanic activity on and around Guadeloupe. Based on this regional deformation model, perspectives are given for further integrated investigation of key targets to address the internal structure and evolution of the Lesser Antilles arc and Guadeloupe volcanic system.
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Leclerc, Frédérique, e Nathalie Feuillet. "Quaternary coral reef complexes as powerful markers of long-term subsidence related to deep processes at subduction zones: Insights from Les Saintes (Guadeloupe, French West Indies)". Geosphere 15, n. 4 (5 giugno 2019): 983–1007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/ges02069.1.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract Geodetic measurements reveal modern rates of tectonic deformation along subduction zones, but the kinematics of long-term deformation are typically poorly constrained. We explore the use of submarine coral reefs as a record of long-term coastal vertical motion in order to determine deformation rate and discuss its origins. The Lesser Antilles arc results from the subduction of the American plates beneath the Caribbean plate and undergoes regional vertical deformation. Uplifted reefs along forearc islands are markers of the interplay between tectonics and sea-level variations since the late Pleistocene. We compared results from a numerical model of reef-island profile development to high-resolution marine geophysical measurements of Les Saintes reef plateau (Guadeloupe, French West Indies), a ∼20-km-wide, 250-m-thick submerged platform that lies at 45 m below sea level along the volcanic arc, to constrain its vertical deformation history. Models explore different scenarios over wide parameter domains including start time, basement morphology, sea level variations, reef growth rate, subaerial erosion rate, and vertical motion history. The major features of the plateau (its depth, internal structure, unusual double-barrier) is only reproduced in a context of subsidence, with a constant rate of −0.3 to −0.45 mm/yr since the late Pleistocene, or in a context of increasing subsidence, presently of ∼–0.2 mm/yr. Discussed in the framework of the forearc vertical deformation history, this result indicates subsidence is promoted by local faulting, volcanic, and deep subduction processes. Coseismic deformation accumulation could be a mechanism by which deformation builds up in the long-term. We show that subduction can drive long-term subsidence of a volcanic arc, and demonstrate that submarine reefs are powerful markers of long-term vertical motion.
20
Lupoli, Roland. "Les Pentatomoidea des Antilles françaises (Hemiptera, Heteroptera)". Bulletin de la Société entomologique de France 128, n. 2 (2023): 109–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.32475/bsef_2274.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The Pentatomoidea of the French West Indies (Hemiptera, Heteroptera). The first inventory of Pentatomoidea observed on the islands of Guadeloupe and Martinique is carried out. A total of 48 species are listed in the French West Indies, including 43 in Guadeloupe and 32 in Martinique. In Guadeloupe, 24 species out of 43 are mentioned for the first time, and in Martinique, 23 out of 32. The family Thyreocoridae is mentioned for the first time in the French West Indies as well as the following 25 species: Amnestus pusio, Cyrtomenus crassus, Melanaethus spinolae, Rhytidoporus indentatus, Podisus congrex, Euschistus crenator, Mitripus acutus, Oebalus pugnax, Oebalus ypsilongriseus, Proxys victor, Arocera placens, Vulsirea nigrorubra, Arvelius albopunctatus, Loxa nesiotes, Roferta marginalis, Rhyssocephala macdonaldi, Banasa dimidiata, Banasa lenticularis, Pharypia pulchella, Scotinophara sicula, Diolcus irroratus, Diolcus variegatus, Tetyra antillarum, Augocoris illustris and Galgupha guttiger. The species are illustrated and an identification key is provided. A comparative analysis of the specific composition is carried out with other West Indian inventories.
21
Ricklefs, Robert, e Eldredge Bermingham. "The West Indies as a laboratory of biogeography and evolution". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 363, n. 1502 (18 aprile 2007): 2393–413. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2007.2068.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Islands have long provided material and inspiration for the study of evolution and ecology. The West Indies are complex historically and geographically, providing a rich backdrop for the analysis of colonization, diversification and extinction of species. They are sufficiently isolated to sustain endemic forms and close enough to sources of colonists to develop a dynamic interaction with surrounding continental regions. The Greater Antilles comprise old fragments of continental crust, some very large; the Lesser Antilles are a more recent volcanic island arc, and the low-lying Bahama Islands are scattered on a shallow oceanic platform. Dating of island lineages using molecular methods indicates over-water dispersal of most inhabitants of the West Indies, although direct connections with what is now southern Mexico in the Early Tertiary, and subsequent land bridges or stepping stone islands linking to Central and South America might also have facilitated colonization. Species–area relationships within the West Indies suggest a strong role for endemic radiations and extinction in shaping patterns of diversity. Diversification is promoted by opportunities for allopatric divergence between islands, or within the large islands of the Greater Antilles, with a classic example provided by the Anolis lizards. The timing of colonization events using molecular clocks permits analysis of colonization–extinction dynamics by means of species accumulation curves. These indicate low rates of colonization and extinction for reptiles and amphibians in the Greater Antilles, with estimated average persistence times of lineages in the West Indies exceeding 30 Myr. Even though individual island populations of birds might persist an average of 2 Myr on larger islands in the Lesser Antilles, recolonization from within the archipelago appears to maintain avian lineages within the island chain indefinitely. Birds of the Lesser Antilles also provide evidence of a mass extinction event within the past million years, emphasizing the time-heterogeneity of historical processes. Geographical dynamics are matched by ecological changes in the distribution of species within islands over time resulting from adaptive radiation and shifts in habitat, often following repeatable patterns. Although extinction is relatively infrequent under natural conditions, changes in island environments as a result of human activities have exterminated many populations and others—especially old, endemic species—remain vulnerable. Conservation efforts are strengthened by recognition of aesthetic, cultural and scientific values of the unique flora and fauna of the West Indies.
22
Fitzpatrick, Scott M., e Christina M. Giovas. "New Radiocarbon Dates for the Grenadine Islands (West Indies)". Radiocarbon 53, n. 3 (2011): 451–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033822200034585.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Intensified archaeological research in the Caribbean over the past 2 decades has provided a wealth of new information on how and when these islands were settled prehistorically. However, there has been a paucity of research on islands in the southern Lesser Antilles, which would allow for more rigorous testing of migration models and various settlement pattern hypotheses. To address some of these chronological and geographical gaps, we present a corpus of 41 radiocarbon dates from several sites in the Grenadine Island chain. Results to date support a relatively late Ceramic Age settlement of these smaller islands (about AD 400) compared to other nearby, larger islands in the southern Lesser Antilles (about AD 200) as well as the Caribbean as a whole (about 400/500 BC). Intriguing questions also remain as to an apparent, but as yet inadequately tested, pattern where earlier colonization dates are correlated with larger island size.
23
KITLV, Redactie. "Book Reviews". New West Indian Guide / Nieuwe West-Indische Gids 71, n. 3-4 (1 gennaio 1997): 317–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/13822373-90002612.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
-Leslie G. Desmangles, Joan Dayan, Haiti, history, and the Gods. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1995. xxiii + 339 pp.-Barry Chevannes, James T. Houk, Spirits, blood, and drums: The Orisha religion in Trinidad. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1995. xvi + 238 pp.-Barry Chevannes, Walter F. Pitts, Jr., Old ship of Zion: The Afro-Baptist ritual in the African Diaspora. New York: Oxford University Press, 1993. xvi + 199 pp.-Robert J. Stewart, Lewin L. Williams, Caribbean theology. New York: Peter Lang, 1994. xiii + 231 pp.-Robert J. Stewart, Barry Chevannes, Rastafari and other African-Caribbean worldviews. London: Macmillan, 1995. xxv + 282 pp.-Michael Aceto, Maureen Warner-Lewis, Yoruba songs of Trinidad. London: Karnak House, 1994. 158 pp.''Trinidad Yoruba: From mother tongue to memory. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 1996. xviii + 279 pp.-Erika Bourguignon, Nicola H. Götz, Obeah - Hexerei in der Karibik - zwischen Macht und Ohnmacht. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang, 1995. 256 pp.-John Murphy, Hernando Calvo Ospina, Salsa! Havana heat: Bronx Beat. London: Latin America Bureau, 1995. viii + 151 pp.-Donald R. Hill, Stephen Stuempfle, The steelband movement: The forging of a national art in Trinidad and Tobago. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1995. xx + 289 pp.-Hilary McD. Beckles, Jay R. Mandle ,Caribbean Hoops: The development of West Indian basketball. Langhorne PA: Gordon and Breach, 1994. ix + 121 pp., Joan D. Mandle (eds)-Edmund Burke, III, Lewis R. Gordon ,Fanon: A critical reader. Oxford: Blackwell, 1996. xxi + 344 pp., T. Denean Sharpley-Whiting, Renée T. White (eds)-Keith Alan Sprouse, Ikenna Dieke, The primordial image: African, Afro-American, and Caribbean Mythopoetic text. New York: Peter Lang, 1993. xiv + 434 pp.-Keith Alan Sprouse, Wimal Dissanayake ,Self and colonial desire: Travel writings of V.S. Naipaul. New York : Peter Lang, 1993. vii + 160 pp., Carmen Wickramagamage (eds)-Yannick Tarrieu, Moira Ferguson, Jamaica Kincaid: Where the land meets the body: Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1994. xiii + 205 pp.-Neil L. Whitehead, Vera Lawrence Hyatt ,Race, discourse, and the origin of the Americas: A new world view. Washington DC: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1995. xiii + 302 pp., Rex Nettleford (eds)-Neil L. Whitehead, Patricia Seed, Ceremonies of possession in Europe's conquest of the new world, 1492-1640. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995. viii + 199 pp.-Livio Sansone, Michiel Baud ,Etnicidad como estrategia en America Latina y en el Caribe. Arij Ouweneel & Patricio Silva. Quito: Ediciones Abya-Yala, 1996. 214 pp., Kees Koonings, Gert Oostindie (eds)-D.C. Griffith, Linda Basch ,Nations unbound: Transnational projects, postcolonial predicaments, and deterritorialized nation-states. Langhorne PA: Gordon and Breach, 1994. vii + 344 pp., Nina Glick Schiller, Cristina Szanton Blanc (eds)-John Stiles, Richard D.E. Burton ,French and West Indian: Martinique, Guadeloupe and French Guiana today. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia; London: Macmillan Caribbean, 1995. xii + 202 pp., Fred Réno (eds)-Frank F. Taylor, Dennis J. Gayle ,Tourism marketing and management in the Caribbean. New York: Routledge, 1993. xxvi + 270 pp., Jonathan N. Goodrich (eds)-Ivelaw L. Griffith, John La Guerre, Structural adjustment: Public policy and administration in the Caribbean. St. Augustine: School of continuing studies, University of the West Indies, 1994. vii + 258 pp.-Luis Martínez-Fernández, Kelvin A. Santiago-Valles, 'Subject People' and colonial discourses: Economic transformation and social disorder in Puerto Rico, 1898-1947. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1994. xiii + 304 pp.-Alicia Pousada, Bonnie Urciuoli, Exposing prejudice: Puerto Rican experiences of language, race, and class. Boulder: Westview Press, 1996. xiv + 222 pp.-David A.B. Murray, Ian Lumsden, Machos, Maricones, and Gays: Cuba and homosexuality. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1996. xxvii + 263 pp.-Robert Fatton, Jr., Georges A. Fauriol, Haitian frustrations: Dilemmas for U.S. policy. Washington DC: Center for strategic & international studies, 1995. xii + 236 pp.-Leni Ashmore Sorensen, David Barry Gaspar ,More than Chattel: Black women and slavery in the Americas. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1996. xi + 341 pp., Darlene Clark Hine (eds)-A. Lynn Bolles, Verene Shepherd ,Engendering history: Caribbean women in historical perspective. Kingston: Ian Randle; London: James Currey, 1995. xxii + 406 pp., Bridget Brereton, Barbara Bailey (eds)-Bridget Brereton, Mary Turner, From chattel slaves to wage slaves: The dynamics of labour bargaining in the Americas. Kingston: Ian Randle; Bloomington: Indiana University Press; London: James Currey, 1995. x + 310 pp.-Carl E. Swanson, Duncan Crewe, Yellow Jack and the worm: British Naval administration in the West Indies, 1739-1748. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press, 1993. x + 321 pp.-Jerome Egger, Wim Hoogbergen, Het Kamp van Broos en Kaliko: De geschiedenis van een Afro-Surinaamse familie. Amsterdam: Prometheus, 1996. 213 pp.-Ellen Klinkers, Lila Gobardhan-Rambocus ,De erfenis van de slavernij. Paramaribo: Anton de Kom Universiteit, 1995. 297 pp., Maurits S. Hassankhan, Jerry L. Egger (eds)-Kevin K. Birth, Sylvia Moodie-Kublalsingh, The Cocoa Panyols of Trinidad: An oral record. London & New York: British Academic Press, 1994. xiii + 242 pp.-David R. Watters, C.N. Dubelaar, The Petroglyphs of the Lesser Antilles, the Virgin Islands and Trinidad. Amsterdam: Foundation for scientific research in the Caribbean region, 1995. vii + 492 pp.-Suzannah England, Mitchell W. Marken, Pottery from Spanish shipwrecks, 1500-1800. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 1994. xvi + 264 pp.
24
LAVOCAT BERNARD, ELISABETH, e CATHERINE REEB. "Additions to the bryophyte flora of Guadeloupe archipelago (Lesser Antilles)". Bryophyte Diversity and Evolution 38, n. 2 (12 ottobre 2016): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/bde.38.2.3.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
13 liverworts, 6 mosses and 1 hornwort are newly reported from the Guadeloupe archipelago. Mytilopsis albifrons, Plagiochila gymnocalycina var. surinamensis, Prionolejeunea muricatoserrulata and Syrrhopodon cymbifolius, are reported as new from the West Indies.
25
Davis, Dave D. "Archaic Blade Production on Antigua, West Indies". American Antiquity 58, n. 4 (ottobre 1993): 688–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/282202.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Antigua has substantially more preceramic sites than any other island in the Lesser Antilles. Archaic peoples made extensive use of the high-quality flint that is common on Antigua to produce industries dominated by unretouched flakes and blades. Analysis of the largest excavated Archaic assemblage from the island reveals that flaked-stone technology centered around the production of direct-percussion blades, and that the majority of other flake classes are by-products of blade production. The assemblage's five major morphological classes of blades appear to represent successive stages of core reduction.
26
PRENA, JENS. "The West Indian Peridinetini (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Baridinae)". Zootaxa 2210, n. 1 (27 agosto 2009): 51–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2210.1.3.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Two genera and nine species of Peridinetini are recognised in the West Indies; four of the species are newly described. Peridinetus Schönherr is represented in the Greater Antilles by P. concentricus (Olivier), P. decipiens Prena sp. n., P. fuscosignum Prena sp. n., P. poeyi Jacquelin du Val stat. res., P. roeselii (Boheman) and P. sexguttatus (Fabricius) comb. n. and Palliolatrix Prena in the Lesser Antilles by P. insignis (Chevrolat), P. lateropicta Prena sp. n. and P. silacea Prena sp. n. Ephimerus Schönherr is synonymised with Peridinetus (syn. n.). The overlooked synonymy of Peridinetus signatus Rosenschöld with P. concentricus is reinstated. Habitus images, distribution maps and a key for identification are provided.
27
Runyon, Justin B. "The Dolichopodidae (Diptera) of Montserrat, West Indies". ZooKeys 966 (9 settembre 2020): 57–151. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.966.55192.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The long-legged flies (Dolichopodidae) of the island of Montserrat in the Lesser Antilles have been surveyed and include 63 species in 27 genera. The following eleven new species are described and illustrated: Amblypsilopus marskeaesp. nov., Medetera ivieisp. nov., Medetera montserratensissp. nov., Systenus ladonnaesp. nov., Thrypticus mediofuscussp. nov., Chrysotus antillensissp. nov., Chrysotus callichromoidessp. nov., Chrysotus interfronssp. nov., Chrysotus montserratensissp. nov., Diaphorus robinsonisp. nov., and Sympycnus montserratensissp. nov. Six species have only been found on Montserrat (ca. 10% endemicity). Keys are provided to the genera and species on Montserrat, their known distribution summarized, and additional new island records provided for many species. Asyndetus wirthi Robinson is synonymized with A. interruptus (Loew) and Achradocera apicalis (Aldrich) is removed from synonymy with A. barbata (Loew). Diaphorus flavipes Aldrich is transferred to Chrysotus as a new combination. A new replacement name, Chrysotus milvadunom. nov., is provided for the Nearctic Chrysotus parvulus Van Duzee. Lectotypes are designated for Achradocera apicalis (Aldrich) and Asyndetus fratellus Aldrich. The fauna of Montserrat is summarized and compared with that of Dominica. Collecting methods are compared and threats to the dolichopodid fauna of Montserrat discussed.
28
THOMAS, RICHARD, e S. BLAIR HEDGES. "Eleven new species of snakes of the genus Typhlops (Serpentes: Typhlopidae) from Hispaniola and Cuba". Zootaxa 1400, n. 1 (29 gennaio 2007): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1400.1.1.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Here we describe 11 new species of blindsnakes of the genus Typhlops from the West Indies. Four of the new species are from southern Hispaniola and were previously confused with T. hectus Thomas. Seven other species are described from Cuba and are related to T. biminiensis Richmond. Diagnostic morphological differences distinguish all of these species, and at least three pairs are known to be sympatric. With these new taxa, 40 species of Typhlops are now recognized from the West Indies, all of which are endemic to the region. Nearly all species are found on single islands or island banks. We classify West Indian Typhlops into nine species groups, most of which exhibit geographic patterns. The West Indian species form two clades: the T. biminiensis Group with its 12 species is centered in the western Caribbean (Bahamas, Cayman Islands, Cuba) and the remaining species, grouped into eight species groups, form a large clade (Major Antillean Radiation) centered in Hispaniola, but with a closely related pair of lineages in the Puerto Rico region (7 sp.) and northern Lesser Antilles (5 sp.).
29
MEURGEY, FRANçOIS, e CELINE POIRON. "The true Dythemis multipunctata Kirby, 1894, from the West Indies and proposed new taxonomic status (Odonata: Anisoptera: Libellulidae)". Zootaxa 3019, n. 1 (9 settembre 2011): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3019.1.3.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The true Dythemis multipunctata Kirby is illustrated and the female is described for the first time based on specimens from the type locality, St. Vincent (Lesser Antilles). The taxonomic status of the species is discussed, and notes on behavior, habitat, and range distribution are provided. D. multipunctata is to be considered a subspecies of D. sterilis (Hagen), and mainland populations previously known as multipunctata are now to be called D. nigra Martin.
30
Miller, Matthew J., Eldredge Bermingham e Robert E. Ricklefs. "Historical Biogeography of the New World Solitaires (Myadestes SPP)". Auk 124, n. 3 (1 luglio 2007): 868–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/auk/124.3.868.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract Solitaires (Myadestes spp.) are montane-forest birds that are widely distributed throughout the New World, ranging from Alaska to northern Bolivia and including both Hawaii and the West Indies. To understand the origins of this impressive distribution, we used five mitochondrial gene sequences to reconstruct the historical biogeography of the genus. The resulting phylogeny indicates a rapid initial spread of the genus to occupy most of its contemporary continental range at least as far south as lower Mesoamerica, plus Hawaii and the Greater Antilles. The North American M. townsendi appears to be the sister taxon of the rest of Myadestes. Myadestes obscurus of Hawaii is more closely allied to Mesoamerican lineages than to M. townsendi. The strongly supported sister relationship of the two West Indian taxa, M. elisabeth and M. genibarbis, indicates a single colonization of the West Indies. A more recent node links the Andean M. ralloides to the Mesoamerican M. melanops and M. coloratus. A standard molecular clock calibration of 2% sequence divergence per million years for avian mitochondrial DNA suggests that the initial diversification of Myadestes occurred near the end of the Miocene (between 5 and 7.5 mya). Cooler temperatures and lower sea levels at that time would have increased the extent of montane forests and reduced overwater dispersal distances, possibly favoring range expansion and colonization of the West Indies. The split between South American and southern Mesoamerican lineages dates to ∼3 mya, which suggests that Myadestes expanded its range to South America soon after the Pliocene rise of the Isthmus of Panama. Despite the demonstrated capacity of Myadestes for long-distance dispersal, several species of Myadestes are highly differentiated geographically. Phylogeographic structure was greatest in the West Indian M. genibarbis, which occurs on several islands in the Greater Antilles and Lesser Antilles, and in the Andean M. ralloides. The phylogeographic differentiation within M. ralloides was not anticipated by previous taxonomic treatments and provides a further example of the importance of the Andes in the diversification of Neotropical birds. Overall, the historical biogeography of Myadestes suggests that range expansion and long-distance dispersal are transient population phases followed by persistent phases of population differentiation and limited dispersal. Biogeografía Histórica de los Zorzales del Género Myadestes
31
Powell, Robert, Robert Henderson, Cory Lindsay e Saul Nava. "Microhabitat, activity, and density of a dwarf gecko (Sphaerodactylus parvus) on Anguilla, West Indies". Amphibia-Reptilia 22, n. 4 (2001): 455–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685380152770417.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
AbstractSphaerodactylus parvus is a dwarf gecko endemic to the Anguilla Bank in the Lesser Antilles, West Indies. Aspects of S. parvus ecology were studied at six sites on Anguilla. Geckos were encountered most frequently in association with rock spills, and gecko population densities (0-5.2/m2) were correlated positively with rock densities. A disproportionate number of rocks which harbored S. parvus were on complex substrates of smaller rocks, leaf litter, and small sticks. Geckos became active in the late afternoon and early evening (after air temperature dropped below under-rock temperature). Activity peaked between 1900 h and 2100 h, but S. parvus was active in leaf litter until at least shortly past midnight. Potential problems associated with field studies of these diminutive gekkonids are discussed.
32
Wiley, James W. "Gerald H. Thayer's ornithological work in St Vincent and the Grenadines, Lesser Antilles". Archives of Natural History 45, n. 1 (aprile 2018): 21–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/anh.2018.0480.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Gerald Handerson Thayer (1883–1939) was an artist, writer and naturalist who worked in North and South America, Europe and the West Indies. In the Lesser Antilles, Thayer made substantial contributions to the knowledge and conservation of birds in St Vincent and the Grenadines. Thayer observed and collected birds throughout much of St Vincent and on many of the Grenadines from January 1924 through to December 1925. Although he produced a preliminary manuscript containing interesting distributional notes and which is an early record of the region's ornithology, Thayer never published the results of his work in the islands. Some 413 bird and bird egg specimens have survived from his work in St Vincent and the Grenadines and are now housed in the American Museum of Natural History (New York City) and the Museum of Comparative Zoology (Cambridge, Massachusetts). Four hundred and fifty eight specimens of birds and eggs collected by Gerald and his father, Abbott, from other countries are held in museums in the United States.
33
Giovas, Christina M., Michelle J. LeFebvre e Scott M. Fitzpatrick. "New records for prehistoric introduction of Neotropical mammals to the West Indies: evidence from Carriacou, Lesser Antilles". Journal of Biogeography 39, n. 3 (23 novembre 2011): 476–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2699.2011.02630.x.
Testo completo
34
Lalubie, Guillaume, Jean-Raphaël Gros-Desormeaux e Lise Tupiassu. "enseignements de l’expérience amérindienne Kalinago sur les risques naturels dans les Antilles françaises". Revista da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais 27, n. 3 (19 novembre 2021): 252–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.35699/2316-770x.2020.21461.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The French West Indies are made up of the islands of Martinique, Saint-Barthélemy, the northern part of the island of Saint-Martin and the Guadeloupe Archipelago. Through the vocabulary of the Native Americans who lived in this region, it is possible to bring out their finesse of analysis to describe different intensity gradients concerning natural hazards. The research has identified that all natural hazards are mentioned except the volcanic eruptions that were very frequent. From the discussion of the concepts of cultural resilience and culture of resilience, we conclude that this society certainly had a perception of volcanoes with a different time scale than ours, adapted to the impact of hazards and their real threats for their way of life.
35
CAPELLARI, RENATO SOARES, e KELLY FERNANDA DE ALMEIDA. "On the identity of three species of Chrysotus Meigen (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) described from Brazil by Millard C. Van Duzee". Journal of Insect Biodiversity 45, n. 1 (26 gennaio 2024): 18–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.12976/jib/2024.45.1.3.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The identity of three species of Chrysotus Meigen (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) described by Millard Carr Van Duzee is clarified. Chrysotus brasiliensis Van Duzee (Brazil: Mato Grosso) is transferred to the genus Micromorphus Mik; C. parvipalpus Van Duzee (Brazil: Amazonas, Maranhão and Pernambuco) is redescribed and assumed to be closely related to C. antillensis Runyon (West Indies) and C. duzeei sp. nov. (Brazil: Roraima and Mato Grosso do Sul); and C. setosus Van Duzee (=C. neotropicus Dyte) is regarded as a junior-synonym of C. hirsutus Aldrich (Lesser Antilles, Dominica, Costa Rica, Peru, and newly recorded from Brazil: Pernambuco and Alagoas). In addition, C. brevitibia Van Duzee, previously known from Puerto Rico, Dominica and Argentina, is newly recorded from Brazil (Mato Grosso do Sul).
36
Giannoulis, T., A. M. Dutrillaux, C. Stamatis, B. Dutrillaux e Z. Mamuris. "Cyclocephala (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae) evolution in Lesser West Indies indicates a Northward colonization by C. tridentata". Bulletin of Entomological Research 102, n. 3 (24 novembre 2011): 325–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485311000733.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
AbstractA dual cytogenetic and molecular analysis was performed in four species of Cyclocepala (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae) from Lesser Antilles (Martinique, Dominica and Guadeloupe). Two species/sub-species, C. mafaffa grandis and C. insulicola, are endemic to Guadeloupe. They have their own non-polymorphic karyotype and a fairly homogeneous haplotype of the COI gene. C. melanocephala rubiginosa has a distinct karyotype. Its COI haplotype is homogeneous in Guadeloupe and heterogeneous in Martinique. Finally, C. tridentata has highly different karyotypes and haplotypes in the three islands. In Martinique, its karyotype, composed of metacentrics, is monomorphic while its haplotype is fairly heterogeneous. Both are close to those of other Cyclocephala and Dynastinae species, thus fairly ancestral. In Guadeloupe, its karyotype is highly polymorphic, with many acrocentrics, and its haplotype fairly homogeneous. Both are highly derived. In Dominica, both the karyotype and the haplotype represent intermediate stages between those of Martinique and Guadeloupe. We conclude that several independent colonization episodes have occurred, which excludes that C. insulicola is a vicariant form of C. tridentata in Guadeloupe. Both chromosome and COI gene polymorphisms clearly indicate a recent colonization with a northward direction for C. tridentata.
37
Muhs, Daniel R. "Evolution of Soils on Quaternary Reef Terraces of Barbados, West Indies". Quaternary Research 56, n. 1 (luglio 2001): 66–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/qres.2001.2237.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
AbstractSoils on uplifted Quaternary reef terraces of Barbados, ∼125,000 to ∼700,000 yr old, form a climo-chronosequence and show changes in physical, chemical, and mineralogical properties with terrace age. Parent materials are dust derived from the Sahara, volcanic ash from the Lesser Antilles island arc, and detrital carbonate from the underlying reef limestone. Although some terrace soils are probably eroded, soils or their remnants are redder and more clay-rich with increasing terrace age. Profile-average Al2O3 and Fe2O3 content increases with terrace age, which partially reflects the increasing clay content, but dithionite-extractable Fe also increases with terrace age. Profile-average K2O/TiO2, Na2O/TiO2, and P2O5/TiO2 values decrease with terrace age, reflecting the depletion of primary minerals. Average SiO2/Al2O3 values also decrease with terrace age and reflect not only loss of primary minerals but also evolution of secondary clay minerals. Although they are not present in any of the parent materials, the youngest terrace soils are dominated by smectite and interstratified kaolinite-smectite, which gradually alter to relatively pure kaolinite over ∼700,000 yr. Comparisons with other tropical islands, where precipitation is higher and rates of dust fall may be lower, show that Barbados soils are less weathered than soils of comparable age. It is concluded that many soil properties in tropical regions can be potentially useful relative-age indicators in Quaternary stratigraphic studies, even when soils are eroded or changes in soil morphology are not dramatic.
38
Pietsch, Theodore W., e Beatrice Marx. "Charles Plumier’s descriptions and drawings of Antillean birds (1687–1697)". Archives of Natural History 51, n. 1 (aprile 2024): 121–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/anh.2024.0901.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
French Minim friar Charles Plumier (1646−1704), well known for his work as a botanist and for his observations made during three expeditions to the West Indies between 1687 and 1697, produced an enormous body of iconographic material held by the Bibliothèque centrale du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle in Paris. Among Plumier’s nearly 6,000 separate images of plants and animals made in the Antilles, birds are represented by 215 drawings, including whole specimens but also numerous detailed views of anatomy, osteological as well as internal soft parts. The bird drawings are here identified, described, and fully catalogued for the first time, and selected drawings are reproduced. Evidence is presented to emphasis the originality and scientific accuracy of Plumier’s accounts.
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Aspinall, W. P., J. B. Shepherd, G. Woo, A. Wightman, K. C. Rowley, L. L. Lynch e W. B. Ambeh. "Seismic Ground Motion Hazard Assessment at a Site near a Segmented Subduction Zone: The Roseau Dam, Saint Lucia, West Indies". Earthquake Spectra 10, n. 2 (maggio 1994): 259–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.1585774.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The seismic hazard at the site of a new dam in Saint Lucia, West Indies, is evaluated probabilistically for engineering design purposes. The assessment takes advantage of recent high quality regional seismological data, reappraised older instrumental catalogues and current tectonic interpretations. Saint Lucia stands at a position in the Lesser Antilles island arc where two distinct, seismically active, subduction zones appear to converge at different depths. As a result, the seismic hazard is critically dependent on site position relative to the boundaries of these major source zones, which each exhibit different activity rates. The ground motion hazard at the damsite is computed using the probabilistic logic-tree program PRISK, which accepts weighted input parameter distributions and is also able to model complex source geometries such as those needed to realistically represent a subduction zone. At an exceedance probability of 2×10−3 per annum, the expected peak ground acceleration on rock at the site is 0.27g, and the expected peak ground velocity is 12.9 cm/sec. At an exceedance probability of 10−4 per annum, the expected peak ground acceleration on rock at the site is 0.51g, and the expected peak ground velocity is 29.1 cm/sec. The major contributor to the seismic hazard is a large magnitude earthquake occurring in the northern segment of the Lesser Antilles subduction zone. Sensitivity tests show that the results are stable in the face of rational variations in the seismicity parameters but the hazard values are dependent on the choice of attenuation relationship which, in the absence of local information, has to be adopted from other subduction zone areas. The PGA obtained in this study is markedly higher than the value suggested in current regional code recommendations.
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Giovas, Christina M., George D. Kamenov, Scott M. Fitzpatrick e John Krigbaum. "Sr and Pb isotopic investigation of mammal introductions: Pre-Columbian zoogeographic records from the Lesser Antilles, West Indies". Journal of Archaeological Science 69 (maggio 2016): 39–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jas.2016.03.006.
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Pasquier, Grégoire, Magalie Demar, Patrick Lami, Asma Zribi, Pierre Marty, Pierre Buffet, Nicole Desbois-Nogard et al. "Leishmaniasis epidemiology in endemic areas of metropolitan France and its overseas territories from 1998 to 2020". PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 16, n. 10 (7 ottobre 2022): e0010745. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0010745.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Background In France, leishmaniasis is endemic in the Mediterranean region, in French Guiana and to a lesser extent, in the French West Indies. This study wanted to provide an updated picture of leishmaniasis epidemiology in metropolitan France and in its overseas territories. Methodology/Principal findings Leishmaniasis cases were collected by passive notification to the French National Reference Centre for Leishmaniases (NRCL) in Montpellier from 1998 to 2020 and at the associated Centre in Cayenne (French Guiana) from 2003 to 2020. In metropolitan France, 517 autochthonous leishmaniasis cases, mostly visceral forms due to Leishmania infantum (79%), and 1725 imported cases (French Guiana excluded), mainly cutaneous leishmaniasis from Maghreb, were recorded. A slight decrease of autochthonous cases was observed during the survey period, from 0.48 cases/100,000 inhabitants per year in 1999 (highest value) to 0.1 cases/100,000 inhabitants per year in 2017 (lowest value). Conversely, imported cases increased over time (from 59.7 in the 2000s to 94.5 in the 2010s). In French Guiana, 4126 cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis cases were reported from 2003 to 2020. The mean incidence was 103.3 cases per 100,000 inhabitants/year but varied in function of the year (from 198 in 2004 to 54 in 2006). In Guadeloupe and Martinique (French West Indies), only sporadic cases were reported. Conclusions/Significance Because of concerns about disease expansion and outbreaks in other Southern Europe countries, and leishmaniasis monitoring by the NRCL should be continued and associated with a more active surveillance.
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van den Bel, Martijn. "“Against Right and Reason”: The Bold but Smooth French Take-Over of Dutch Cayenne (1655–1664)". Itinerario 45, n. 1 (23 marzo 2021): 70–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0165115321000073.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
AbstractThe Dutch loss of Brazil in 1654 favoured the resettlement of Dutch merchants along the Wild Coast and in the Lesser Antilles and the establishment of new colonies. Cayenne Island was one of them. One WIC patent was handed to Jan Claes Langedijck, who settled at the former French fort of Cépérou, and another patent was given to David Nassy, who settled in the Anse de Rémire, situated at the opposite part of the former island. Both colonies were taken by the French in May 1664 as part of the imperial French expansion under King Louis XIV and Jean-Baptist Colbert. It is argued here that the main French goal was to gain control of the sugar plantations of the Sephardic community located there, and, to a lesser extent, the much-desired territorial control of this region as proposed by the newly established French West India Company. The Dutch were aware of the attack, but could not intervene as it was already too late to send support to the poorly defended Cayenne colony. Both parties negotiated the take-over and the majority of the Dutch settlers stayed under French rule, as was suggested by the Dutch government and hoped for by the French.
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Bilby, Kenneth M. "Tracking the Caribbean sound: three current hits". New West Indian Guide / Nieuwe West-Indische Gids 71, n. 1-2 (1 gennaio 1997): 69–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/13822373-90002616.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
[First paragraph]Zouk: World Music in the West lndies. JOCELYNE GuiLBAULT (with GAGE AVERILL, ÉDOUARD BENOIT & GREGORY RABESS). Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1993. xxv + 279 pp. and compact disk. (Cloth US$ 55.00, Paper US$ 27.75) Calypso Calaloo: Early Carnival Music in Trinidad. DONALD R. HlLL. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 1993. xvi + 344 pp. and compact disk. (Cloth US$ 49.95, Paper US$ 24.95) Calypso & Society in Pre-Independence Trinidad. GORDON ROHLEHR. Port of Spain: Gordon Rohlehr, 1990. x + 613 pp. (Paper US$ 40.00)In 1983, from my Hstening post in Cayenne, the southernmost extension of the French Caribbean, I reported that "popular musicians in the Lesser Antilles are in the process of breathing life into new musical varieties blending soka, cadence, and reggae" (Bilby 1985:211). Little did I know that what I was describing was the sudden emergence, at that very moment, of an entirely new music in French Guiana's fellow Départements d'Outre-Mer to the north, Martinique and Guadeloupe. Down in Cayenne, which has always had close ties to the French Antilles, there was a feeling in the air that some fresh and invigorating cultural trend was about to burst forth. Even in the Maroon villages of the French Guianese interior, where I relocated in early 1984, the excitement was palpable.
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Kaiser, Hinrich, David M. Green e Michael Schmid. "Systematics and biogeography of Eastern Caribbean frogs (Leptodactylidae: Eleutherodactylus), with the description of a new species from Dominica". Canadian Journal of Zoology 72, n. 12 (1 dicembre 1994): 2217–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z94-297.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Populations of Eleutherodactylus on the island of Dominica, West Indies, differ from other Lesser Antillean members of the genus by their vocalizations, morphology, sexual size dimorphism, allozymes, and chromosomes. Thus, these populations comprise a new endemic species, closely related to E. johnstonei and E. martinicensis. The new species is most abundant in montane forest habitats at elevations of more than 500 m. Females commonly attain snout–vent lengths of more than 35 mm, making them the largest Lesser Antillean Eleutherodactylus. Frogs are brown during the day, but change color to dark orange when active at night. This species is the ninth Eastern Caribbean Eleutherodactylus species and the fifth single-island endemic. A phylogenetic analysis of external and internal morphological characteristics shows that Eastern Caribbean Eleutherodactylus are members of two distinct clades, one of South American origin, the other of Greater Antillean ancestry. We suggest that the present distribution of these species results from the dispersal of elements of the larger herpetofaunas from the Greater Antilles and South America, and that rapid divergence of the Eastern Caribbean Eleutherodactylus fauna may be continuing. The phylogenetic analysis also confirms that morphological characters of Eleutherodactylus species can be highly homoplastic.
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Cabréra, Léïla, Aviane Auguste, Léah Michineau, Clarisse Joachim, Jacqueline Deloumeaux e Danièle Luce. "Lung Cancer in the French West Indies: Role of Sugarcane Work and Other Occupational Exposures". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, n. 20 (18 ottobre 2022): 13444. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192013444.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Objective: Our aim was to study the role of occupational exposures in lung cancer risk in the French West Indies, with special attention to some specific activities, such as sugarcane work, that can only be studied in a limited number of populations. Methods: We used data from a population-based case-control study that included 147 incident lung cancer cases and 405 controls. Smoking histories and detailed occupational histories with descriptions of tasks and substances were collected by questionnaire during face-to-face interviews. Odds ratios (OR) adjusted for sex, age, region, smoking status, and cigarette pack-years and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were estimated by unconditional logistic regression. Results: Significantly increased risks of lung cancer were found in sugarcane farm workers (OR = 2.7; 95% CI 1.1–6.6) and more generally in the sugarcane-growing sector (OR = 2.5; 95% CI 1.0–6.3) and to a lesser extent in rum production. Elevated risks of lung cancer were also observed among other agricultural workers, painters, warehouse porters, labourers, and maintenance and motor vehicle repair workers. Exposure to herbicides in sugarcane cultivation was associated with an increased risk of lung cancer (OR = 2.6; 95% CI 0.9–7.6). Conclusion: These results show that occupational exposures contributed to lung cancer risk in the French West Indies, and highlighted the role of exposures related to sugarcane work.
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Cottereau, Julien. "La brume de poussières sahariennes aux Antilles françaises et en Guyane". La Météorologie, n. 110 (2020): 034. http://dx.doi.org/10.37053/lameteorologie-2020-0068.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Devant l'importance des enjeux en termes de climat, de santé publique ou d'activités économiques, la brume de poussières fait l'objet d'un intérêt croissant avec de nombreuses recherches menées depuis maintenant plusieurs décennies. Les régions ultramarines françaises des Antilles et de la Guyane sont particulièrement exposées aux poussières désertiques issues du Sahara. Celles-ci sont composées de divers éléments, notamment minéraux, pouvant favoriser les impacts sanitaires néfastes de certains virus et bactéries. La brume de poussières revêt un intérêt particulier dans la prévision opérationnelle, en raison de son rôle sur la convection atmosphérique, dont la compréhension, l'observation et la modélisation nécessitent d'être approfondies. Nous mettons en exergue la fréquence de ce phénomène aux Antilles et en Guyane, dépendant majoritairement de la variabilité naturelle du climat et des oscillations climatiques, mais pouvant également être en partie lié à l'impact de certaines activités humaines (comme la désertification). Given its importance in terms of climate, public health or economic activities, dust haze is subject to a growing interest with a lot of research carried out for several decades now. The French overseas regions of the Antilles and Guyana are particularly exposed to desert dust from the Sahara, which carries various elements, in particular minerals, and can favour the harmful health impacts of certain viruses and bacteria. Dust haze is of particular interest in operational forecasting because of its role in convection, which requires further understanding, observation and modeling. Through this article, we highlight the frequency of this phenomenon in the French West Indies and Guyana, depending mainly on the natural variability of climate and the climate oscillations, but which can also be partly linked to the impact of certain human activities (such as desertification).
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Freitas, A. R. R., P. M. Alarcón-Elbal e M. R. Donalisio. "Excess mortality in Guadeloupe and Martinique, islands of the French West Indies, during the chikungunya epidemic of 2014". Epidemiology and Infection 146, n. 16 (28 agosto 2018): 2059–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268818002315.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
AbstractIn some chikungunya epidemics, deaths are not completely captured by traditional surveillance systems, which record case and death reports. We evaluated excess deaths associated with the 2014 chikungunya virus (CHIKV) epidemic in Guadeloupe and Martinique, Antilles. Population (784 097 inhabitants) and mortality data, estimated by sex and age, were accessed from the Institut National de la Statistique et des Études Économiques in France. Epidemiological data, cases, hospitalisations and deaths on CHIKV were obtained from the official epidemiological reports of the Cellule de Institut de Veille Sanitaire in France. Excess deaths were calculated as the difference between the expected and observed deaths for all age groups for each month in 2014 and 2015, considering the upper limit of 99% confidence interval. The Pearson correlation coefficient showed a strong correlation between monthly excess deaths and reported cases of chikungunya (R= 0.81,p< 0.005) and with a 1-month lag (R= 0.87,p< 0.001); and a strong correlation was also observed between monthly rates of hospitalisation for CHIKV and excess deaths with a delay of 1 month (R= 0.87,p< 0.0005). The peak of the epidemic occurred in the month with the highest mortality, returning to normal soon after the end of the CHIKV epidemic. There were excess deaths in almost all age groups, and excess mortality rate was higher among the elderly but was similar between male and female individuals. The overall mortality estimated in the current study (639 deaths) was about four times greater than that obtained through death declarations (160 deaths). Although the aetiological diagnosis of all deaths associated with CHIKV infection is not always possible, already well-known statistical tools can contribute to the evaluation of the impact of CHIKV on mortality and morbidity in the different age groups.
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Saurel, Jean-Marie, Jordane Corbeau, Sébastien Deroussi, Tristan Didier, Arnaud Lemarchand, Séverine Moune, Lloyd Lynch, Anne-Marie Lejeune, Roberto Moretti e Jean-Christophe Komorowski. "Building a Natural-Hazard-Resilient High-Quality Seismic Network: How WI Network Sustained Hurricanes Maria and Irma". Seismological Research Letters 92, n. 1 (9 dicembre 2020): 77–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0220200270.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract Between 2008 and 2014, the Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP) and the University of the West Indies, Seismic Research Centre (UWI-SRC) designed and built a regional seismic network across the Lesser Antilles. One of the goals of the network is to provide real-time seismic data to the tsunami warning centers in the framework of the Intergovernmental Coordination Group working toward the establishment of a tsunami and other coastal hazards early warning system (ICG-CARIBE-EWS) for the Caribbean and adjacent regions (McNamara et al., 2016). In an area prone to hurricanes, earthquakes, tsunamis, and volcanic eruptions, we chose different techniques and technologies to ensure that our cooperated network could survive and keep providing data in case of major natural hazards. The Nanometrics very small aperture terminal (VSAT) technology is at the heart of the system. It allows for duplicated data collection at the three observatories (Trinidad, Martinique, and Guadeloupe; Anglade et al., 2015). In 2017, the network design and implementation were put to the test with Saffir–Simpson category 5 hurricanes Irma and Maria that went, respectively, through the north and central portion of the Lesser Antilles, mainly impacting the sites operated by volcanological and seismological observatories of IPGP in Martinique (Observatoire Volcanologique et Sismologique de Martinique [OVSM]) and in Guadeloupe (Observatoire Volcanologique et Sismologique de Guadeloupe [OVSG]). Our concepts proved to be valid with a major data shortage of less than 12 hr and only two stations having sustained heavy damage. In this article, we review the strengths and weaknesses of the initial design and discuss various steps that can be taken to enhance the ability of our cooperated network to provide timely real-time seismic data to tsunami warning centers under any circumstances.
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SUÁREZ, WILLIAM, e STORRS L. OLSON. "Systematics and distribution of the living and fossil small barn owls of the West Indies (Aves: Strigiformes: Tytonidae)". Zootaxa 4830, n. 3 (14 agosto 2020): 544–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4830.3.4.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
After reviewing the systematics and distribution of the living and fossil small West Indian taxa of Tytonidae (Tyto), we reached the following conclusions: (1) Strix tuidara J. E. Gray, 1827, type locality of Brazil, is the earliest available and correct name to be used in a binomen for New World mainland barn owls; (2) the North American mainland subspecies Tyto tuidara pratincola (Bonaparte, 1838), new combination, is resident in the Bahamas (“Tyto perlatus lucayanus” Riley, 1913, is a synonym), where it probably did not colonize until after the European introduction of Rattus Fischer, in Hispaniola (Dominican Republic and Haiti) where it became established in the 20th century, and subsequently in Puerto Rico; (3) Tyto furcata (Temminck, 1827) of Cuba, Jamaica and the Cayman Islands is a different species restricted to its insular distribution, with “T. alba niveicauda” Parkes & Phillips, 1978, of the Isle of Pines (now Isla de la Juventud) as a synonym; (4) the distinct species Tyto glaucops (Kaup, 1852), now endemic to Hispaniola, once occurred in Puerto Rico, as the fossil species “T. cavatica” Wetmore, 1920, is here shown to be a synonym; (5) the smallest taxon Tyto insularis (Pelzeln, 1872) of the southern Lesser Antilles is treated as a separate species, in which the nominate subspecies T. i. insularis (St. Vincent, Grenada, and the Grenadines) differs slightly but consistently in coloration from T. i. nigrescens (Lawrence, 1878) of Dominica; (6) another barn owl, Tyto maniola, new species, of this group of small tytonids from the West Indies inhabited Cuba during part of the Quaternary, and is here named and described.
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Basant, Racine A., Bridget Y. Lynne, Ryan Ramsook, Graham A. Ryan, Oshaine O. Blake e James E. P. Utley. "Utilizing cores for characterising the temperature and permeability regimes in a litho-stratigraphic model of the Montserrat geothermal system, Montserrat (Lesser Antilles arc, West Indies)". Geothermics 100 (marzo 2022): 102341. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2021.102341.
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