Tesi sul tema "Leptospira"
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Truccolo, Johann. "Virulence des Leptospira : aspects physiopathologiques et thérapeutiques". Paris 6, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA066358.
Testo completoMatos, Vanessa Ramos. "Caracterização funcional de uma provável colagenase de Leptospira interrogans sorovar Copenhageni". Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10134/tde-22042015-170400/.
Testo completoLeptospirosis is a zoonosis widespread throughout the world, caused by pathogenic spirochetes of the genus Leptospira, which colonize the renal tubules of wild and domestic animals. Transmission occurs mainly through direct contact with water and soil contaminated with urine of infected animals that may be clinically asymptomatic. Pathogenic leptospires invade host tissues by penetrating damaged skin or the mucous membranes of the mouth, nostrils and eyes. Soon after passing the contact surfaces, leptospires come quickly into the bloodstream and spread to all organs causing damage mainly in the liver and kidneys where they produce hemorrhage and tissue necrosis after entering the host, the progression of the infection involves the adhesion of bacteria to eukaryotic cells and extracellular matrix proteins followed by invasion of tissues. Recent studies have shown that leptospires are able to translocate across cell monolayers, which could be a mechanism for evasion of the immune system and also facilitate the entry and exit from the bloodstream to infect target organs. The mechanism involved in pathogen invasion through extracellular barriers is not well elucidated. Enzymes capable of degrading extracellular matrix proteins could contribute to motility and chemotaxis of bacteria during the invasion. Pathogenic bacteria synthesize and secrete different types of proteases that degrade collagen and glycoproteins among other host proteins. Recently, a study using gelatin and casein as substrates and bacterial lysate showed a variety of proteases in Leptospira spp. Analysis of the genome indicate the presence of several genes encoding probable protease. The experimental proof of the existence and functional characterization of these proteins may contribute to the understanding of the pathogenesis of leptospirosis. In this sense, this work aimed the cloning, expression and functional characterization of a probable collagenase (ColA) from L.interrogans serovar Copenhageni. Coding sequences of the collagenase domain 1 (D1), collagenase domain 2 (D2), and both domains (Full) of the ColA gene were amplified by PCR from genomic Leptospira DNA and cloned into the pAE expression vector. The D1, D2 and Full fragments of ColA protein were expressed in E. coli BL21-SI and purified from the insoluble fractions by nickel affinity chromatography. The purified fragments were used to obtain the polyclonal antiserum, and their enzymatic activities were evaluated by zymography. Rabbit polyclonal antiserum against the recombinant protein fragments were produced with a high antibody level detected by ELISA. Western-blotting experiments demonstrated the presence of ColA protein in different pathogenic serovars of Leptospira. The Full and D2 proteins showed catalytic activity on denatured collagen and synthetic peptide and hemorrhagic activity in mice. These results indicated that ColA is probably a leptospiral protein involved in invasion of host tissues.
Herrmann, Geder Paulo. "Leptospira sp em ovinos do Rio Grande do Sul soroprevalência e avaliação da imunogenicidade da bacterina leptospira hardjo". Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1843/BUOS-8C7HDA.
Testo completoFoi determinada a soroprevalência de aglunininas anti-leptospira sp, em 1360 amostras de soros de ovinos, das messorregiãoes Sudeste e Sudoeste Rio-Grandense, entre os meses de janeiro a marco de 199. A maior soroprevalência da Leptospira sp, com maior frequencia a sorovariedade hardjo, elaborou-se de uma vacina monovalente L hardjo, como adjuvante oleoso, aplicada em dois grupos de ovinos formado por 15 ovelhas e um terceiro controle formado por 10 animais. O primeiro grupo recebeu duas doses de vacina com intervalo de 30 dias e o segundo grupo apenas uma dose da vacina pela técnica de aglutinação microscópica e ELISA, por periodo de 120 dias. A determinação da prevalência de Leptospira sp em ovinos nas Mesorregiãoes Sudeste e Sudoeste Rio-Grandense, com elaboração de uma vacina oleosa experimental revelaram-se importantes ferramentas, podendo ser utilizados nos inquéritos epidemiológicos e na implatação de programas de controle das Leptospiroses dos ovinos
Thaipadungpanit, Janjira. "Multilocus Sequence Typing of the Genus Leptospira". Thesis, Open University, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.495577.
Testo completoPerolat, Philippe. "Typage moléculaire et taxonomie des Leptospira pathogènes". Paris 11, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA114834.
Testo completoRicaldi, Camahuali Jessica Nancy. "Genomic insights into the pathogenesis of Leptospira". Diss., [La Jolla, Calif.] : University of California, San Diego, 2009. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3356365.
Testo completoTitle from first page of PDF file (viewed July 9, 2009). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 124-143).
Zilber, Anne-Laure. "Rôle du rat brun (Rattus norvegicus) dans la persistance des leptospires en conditions naturelles". Thesis, Lyon 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO10243/document.
Testo completoThe leptospirosis is a zoonosis caused by spirochetes of the genus Leptospira, which could infect human and animals. This infection represents a major problem of public health in several countries. The WHO estimates at one million of severe cases of human leptospirosis by year in the world, with a 10 % fatality rate. In the human, the leptospirosis is a mortal infection if it is not treated. The rodents, including the brown rat (Rattus norvegicus), are considered as a carrier and excrete pathogenic leptospires via urine, which becomes the main source of direct or indirect contamination of human and animal. In the rat, the asymptomatic infection was few characterized by experimental model, or only focused on the renal colonization using a no-natural inoculation route. Furthermore, the details of the transmission rat-rat remain still unknown. It is important to know the role of the rat in the persistence of leptospires in rural or urban environments, in order to better control leptospirosis epidemics. With an experimental model using conjunctival and subcutaneous routes, we showed that the antibodies production was independent of the rate of renal colonization and that the conjunctival route was more efficient to become renal carrier than the subcutaneous route. Furthermore, a study of the characteristics of natural infection using the same methods showed the presence of leptospires in lung of rat which are renal carriers. With a new method of molecular typing, we have studied the circulating of the Leptospira strains in the rat’s urban population. All the strains belonged to the Icterohaemorrhagiae serogroup and every colony of rats maintained only one strain of Leptospira. The characterization of the infection with the experimental and field studies, and the epidemiological studies are also important to model the infection in the brown rat, for the prevention of human and animal leptospirosis
Moseley, Mark. "The diversity and ecology of Leptospira in Madagascar". Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2017. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=236422.
Testo completoSilva, Lucas Pereira e. "Clonagem, expressão e caracterização de prováveis proteínas de membrana indentificadas no genoma de Leptospira interrogans". Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/87/87131/tde-24082016-094832/.
Testo completoLeptospirosis is a systemic disease caused by pathogenic bacteria of genus Leptospira. The development of new strategies to prevent the disease is needed. Currently research has focused to identify conserved antigens related to the host-pathogen interaction. Two genes of L. interrogans were selected, cloned, expressed and its proteins characterized. The genes were amplified by PCR and cloned into expression vetor pAE. The recombinant proteins were purified by chromatography of metal affinity. The protein rLIC10821 were able to bind to laminin, plasminogen and fibrinogen. Both proteins were localized in the outer membrane according three methodologies: immunofluorescence, proteinase K, intact leptospira. The protein rLIC10821 interacted with PLG was able to generate plasmin. After the interaction of the protein rLIC10821 with fibrinogen, we could identify a decrease of 60% in the fibrin clot.
Fazolo, Demétria Luci. "Estudo da interação de prováveis lipoproteínas de membrana externa de Leptospira com proteínas do hospedeiro". Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/87/87131/tde-06122014-085815/.
Testo completoLeptospirosis is a worldwide zoonosis caused by pathogenic spirochetes of the genus Leptospira that colonize the renal tubules of wild and domestic animals and are excreted in the environment by their urine. The aim of this work was to study the interaction of six leptospiral probable outer-membrane lipoproteins with host proteins: collagen I, collagen IV, elastin, fibrinogen, cellular fibronectin, plasma fibronectin, laminin, and plasminogen. The binding experiments demonstrated that the recombinant proteins showed interaction with host components in a dose-dependent manner were Lp21, Lsa30 and Lp22. These proteins adhered to plasma fibronectin and laminin, in addition to these components, Lp21 and Lp22 interacted with plasminogen, Lp22 and Lsa30 interacted with collagen IV. The Lp22 adhered to elastin and fibrinogen. The genes encoding the probable lipoproteins were found only in pathogenic Leptospira. These results demonstrated that these proteins may contribute in the adhesion to host tissues, in the pathogenesis of Leptospira.
Figueredo, Jupciana Martins. "Avaliação do papel de duas proteínas de Leptospira interrogans na patogênese da leptospirose". Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/87/87131/tde-23032017-151831/.
Testo completoLeptospirosis is a worldwide zoonosis that affects several species of mammals, including humans, caused by species of pathogenic bacteria of the genus Leptospira. It has a very varied clinical manifestation board and may have symptoms from common tropical diseases such as fever, chills, headache, muscle aches, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and a severe syndrome of infection known as Weill syndrome. Following the functional genomics strategy, genes were selected from Leptospira interrogans serovar Copenhageni, LIC10377, LIC11122, LIC11184 and LIC12287, with the criterion of the prediction location of proteins in the membrane. The fragments related to genes LIC11122 and LIC12287 were cloned into pGEM-T Easy vector and subcloned into the expression vector pAE. The evaluated proteins interact with laminin and plasminogen, dose-dependent and saturable manner, suggesting participation in bacterial pathogenesis processes. The presence of a sigma factor on the cell surface plays a secondary role, suggests that performs a moonlight rLIC11122 protein.
Yan, Ke-Ting. "Aspects of immunity to Leptospira borgpetersenii serovar hardjo". Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.387931.
Testo completoGuerra, Neto Guilherme. "Freqüência de anticorpos contra Leptospira spp. em felídeos neotropicais em cativeiro no Brasil /". Jaboticabal : [s.n.], 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/96007.
Testo completoBanca: Luiz Augusto do Amaral
Banca: João Barbudo Filho
Resumo: Levantamentos sorológicos em todo o mundo têm demonstrado o envolvimento de diferentes espécies silvestres na epidemiologia da da leptospirose, como roedores, edentatas, carnívoros, marsupiais e artiodáctilos. São poucos os estudos sobre a leptospirose em animais silvestres cativos, especialmente com animais neotropicais, onde a literatura é ainda mais escassa. Com o objetivo de determinar a freqüência de anticorpos contra Leptospira spp. em felídeos neotropicais e identificar os sorovares de maior predominância nas diferentes espécies estudadas, foram colhidas amostras sanguíneas de 359 felídeos de cativeiro provenientes de 41 instituições localizadas em 41 cidades nos Estados de São Paulo, Minas Gerais e Rio de Janeiro. Dos 359 soros sangüíneos, 46 (12,81%) foram reagentes no teste de soroalglutinação microscópica (SAM). As espécies de felídeos que apresentaram amostras reagentes foram: Panthera onca, Puma concolor; Leopardus pardalis, Leopardus tigrinus e Herpailurus yagouaroundi. Os felídeos .das espécies Leopardus wiedii, Oncifelis colocolo e Oncifelis geoffroy não foram reagentes. O sorovar Grippotyphosa foi o mais freqüente (39,13%) e a maior freqüência de soros reagentes foi para a espécie Leopardus pardalis (20,54%). As freqüências de animais reagentes, com exceção das jaguatiricas, quando comparadas estatisticamente entre os Estados de São Paulo e Minas Gerais não apresentaram diferença significativa. Os exames das amostras de felídeos pertencentes às instituições no Estado do Rio de Janeiro não foram suficientes para verificar a presença de anticorpos contra Leptospira spp.
Mestre
Shimabukuro, Fabio Hiroto [UNESP]. "Avaliação sorológica e detecção molecular de leptospiras em tecidos de camundongos experimentalmente infectados com estirpes patogênicas de Leptospira interrogans sorovar Pomona e Canicola". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/106033.
Testo completoFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
Camundongos experimentalmente infectados com estirpes patogênicas de Leptospira interrogans sorovar Pomona e Canicola foram avaliados quanto à produção de anticorpos antileptospiras e distribuição do microrganismo em tecidos, em diferentes momentos após infecção. A técnica de soroaglutinação microscópica foi avaliada após tratamento das amostras de soro com 2-mercaptoetanol (SAM-2ME), e pela comparação do seu resultado com as respectivas amostras não tratadas (SAM) foi possível determinar a presença de anticorpos da classe IgM e, dessa forma, diferenciar a fase da infecção. Pela SAM, não houve reação para qualquer outro sorovar testado, diferente do homólogo inoculado, podendo indicar resposta imunológica específica em camundongos para os sorovares inoculados experimentalmente. Em relação à distribuição do microrganismo nos tecidos, pesquisado pela reação em cadeia pela polimerase (PCR), observou-se que os camundongos infectados não apresentaram fase de leptospiremia, e não houve colonização renal e ovariana, sugerindo que esses animais, talvez, não participem de forma importante na epidemiologia da leptospirose para os sorovares Pomona e Canicola.
Experimentally infected mice with pathogenic strains of Leptospira interrogans serovar Pomona and Canicola were evaluated to anti-leptospiral antibodies production and to verify the distribution of the microrganism in tissues in different moments of the infection. Microscopic agglutination test was evaluated after treatment of the sera samples with 2-mercathoethanol (MAT-2ME), and by the comparison of its results with the respective samples not-treated (MAT) was possible to determine the presence of IgM antibodies and, thus, to differentiate the stage of infection. MAT does not present reaction for any other serovar tested, different the homologous serovar inoculated, indicating specific immunological response in mice to the experimentally inoculated serovars. In relation to the distribution of the microrganism in the tissues detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), the infected mice didn't present leptospiremia, and there was not renal and ovarian colonization, suggesting that these animals, maybe do not participate of the epidemiology of leptospirosis to the serovar Pomona and Canicola.
Shimabukuro, Fabio Hiroto. "Avaliação sorológica e detecção molecular de leptospiras em tecidos de camundongos experimentalmente infectados com estirpes patogênicas de Leptospira interrogans sorovar Pomona e Canicola /". Botucatu : [s.n.], 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/106033.
Testo completoAbstract: Experimentally infected mice with pathogenic strains of Leptospira interrogans serovar Pomona and Canicola were evaluated to anti-leptospiral antibodies production and to verify the distribution of the microrganism in tissues in different moments of the infection. Microscopic agglutination test was evaluated after treatment of the sera samples with 2-mercathoethanol (MAT-2ME), and by the comparison of its results with the respective samples not-treated (MAT) was possible to determine the presence of IgM antibodies and, thus, to differentiate the stage of infection. MAT does not present reaction for any other serovar tested, different the homologous serovar inoculated, indicating specific immunological response in mice to the experimentally inoculated serovars. In relation to the distribution of the microrganism in the tissues detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), the infected mice didn't present leptospiremia, and there was not renal and ovarian colonization, suggesting that these animals, maybe do not participate of the epidemiology of leptospirosis to the serovar Pomona and Canicola.
Orientador: Paulo Francisco Domingues
Coorientador: Hélio Langoni
Banca: Paulo Roberto de Oliveira
Banca: Silvio Arruda Vasconcelos
Banca: Marcio Garcia Ribeiro
Banca: Luiz Carlos de Souza
Doutor
Brich, Michelle [UNESP]. "Infecção Experimental com Leptospira interrogans sorovariedade Canicola, relacionada à pesquisa de alterações oculares em cães". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/94639.
Testo completoCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
A uveíte em mamíferos tem sido relacionada à infecção por Leptospira spp., e, embora ocorra com maior frequência na espécie equina, já foi observada e relatada em outras espécies mamíferas, inclusive na humana. O objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar a relação entre a infecção por leptospiras e a ocorrência de alterações oculares em cães. Para a obtenção dos dados foram utilizados 32 cães, em idade reprodutiva, recolhidos pelo Centro de Controle de Zoonoses do Município de São José do Rio Preto, que apresentaram reação negativa, em duas provas de soroaglutinação microscópica (SAM) no intervalo de sete dias. Dos 32 cães, 20 foram inoculados com uma cepa patogênica de Leptospira interrogans sorovariedade Canicola e 12 formaram o grupo controle. Com a finalidade de avaliar as possíveis alterações do globo ocular post mortem, oito cães (cinco inoculados e três controles) foram sacrificados nos dias: sete, 15, 30 e 45 após o dia da inoculação. Amostras de humor aquoso, de um dos olhos de cada animal, foram retiradas para realização de PCR e SAM; o outro globo ocular foi retirado para realização de exame histopatológico e para a técnica de coloração de Levaditi. Nos dias zero, três, cinco, sete, 10 e após, a cada cinco dias, inclusive no dia do sacrifício, foram realizadas avaliações do estado físico do animal, do globo ocular e realizadas colheitas de sangue. O soro sanguíneo foi submetido à SAM para estabelecer os títulos obtidos em cada fase da infecção. Embora todos os animais tenham apresentado títulos sorológicos, indicando o sucesso da infecção, nenhum dos testes de detecção resultou positivo em até 45 dias de observação; no exame clínico apenas três animais apresentaram alterações perceptíveis: dois apresentavam irritação ocular, com hiperemia da esclera e um animal apresentava lacrimejamento...
Uveitis in mammals has been related to Leptospira spp. And although it occurs more frequently in the horse has already been observed and reported in other mammalian species, including the human. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between leptospira infection and the occurrence of ocular changes in dogs. To obtain the data were used 32 dogs in the reproductive age, collected by the Center for Zoonosis Control in São José do Rio Preto, which showed negative reaction in both tests of microscopic agglutination test (MAT) within seven days. Of the 32 dogs, 20 were inoculated with a pathogenic strain of Leptospira interrogans sorovar Canicola and 12 formed the control group. With the aim of assessing possible changes of the eye post mortem, eight dogs (five inoculated and three controls) were sacrificed on days: seven, 15, 30 and 45 days after inoculation. Samples of aqueous humor of one eye of each animal were removed for PCR, and MAT, and the other eye was removed for histological examination and the staining technique Levaditi. On days zero, three, five, seven, 10 and, thereafter, every five days, including the day of sacrifice, were assessed the physical condition of the animal, the eyeball and blood samples. The serum was subjected to SAM to establish the qualifications obtained at each stage of infection. Although all animals have serologic evidence indicating the success of infection, no detection tests resulted positive in up to 45 days of observation and by clinical examination only three animals showed noticeable changes: two had eye irritation with redness of the sclera and one animal showed tearing. We conclude that 45 days of infection with Leptospira interrogans sorovar Canicola are not enough to cause serious damage to the ocular system of dogs
Letocart, Marine. "Hétérogénéité du genre Leptospira. Intérêt des méthodes moléculaires pour la taxonomie et l'épidémiologie". Bordeaux 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR28541.
Testo completoSchiettekatte, Olivier. "Rôle des phages dans l'évolution des leptospires". Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. https://theses.md.univ-paris-diderot.fr/SCHIETTEKATTE_Olivier_2_va_20181116.pdf.
Testo completoLeptospirosis is a bacterial zoonosis of worldwide distribution caused by pathogenic leptospires, whose main reservoir is the rat, which disperses the bacterium into the environment via its urine. Despite the crucial importance of the survival of leptospires in the environment, especially in freshwater, the ecology of these spirochetes remains unknown. The genus Leptospira is very diverse, with 34 species and more than 300 serovars. Leptospires are classified according to their phylogeny into three groups: pathogenic, intermediate and saprophytic species. Phylogenetic and evolutionary studies are scarce and do not take into account the saprophytic leptospires that are little sought-after, this constitutes an important bias for robust evolutionary studies. Viruses exert a major evolutionary pressure in many bacterial models; however, the roles of phages and prophages in the evolution of leptospires have not yet been investigated and the isolation of new leptophages has not been reported for 30 years. Sequencing of the only temperate phage of leptospires made possible the identification of Leptospira prophages. These prophages were found solely in the genome of pathogenic species, suggesting a link with pathogenesis.Herein, we initiate a novel line of research regarding Leptospira phages. The only known lytic leptophages, LE3 and LE4, whose host is a saprophytic species, are characterized morphologically, genomically, and proteomically. Genome studies of LE3 and LE4 showed very little similarity to presently-annotated viral genomes; but have nevertheless made possible the identification of a new prophage within the genome of the pathogenic species L. mayottensis. Mitomycin C induction tests were performed on several putative Leptospira lysogenic strains, and production of phage tails were observed in L. interrogans, the main pathogen. At the same time, environmental phages have been investigated in freshwater samples, particularly in the model ecosystem of Mayotte Island where leptospirosis is endemic.In a second line of research, we undertook a phylogenetic study of Leptospira to make a new inventory of the diversity of the genus, passing, according to our results, from 34 to 64 species. Among these species, 5 form a new clade. The sequencing of whole genomes of these strains allowed us to set up a first universal typing scheme for the genus Leptospira. We have chosen for this purpose the core-genome-based multi-locus molecular typing (cgMLST), which relies on the sequencing of whole genomes to type the corresponding isolates in a robust and deep manner. This scheme now makes possible the study of the evolution of leptospires, and an epidemiological follow-up on a global scale. In addition, the use of third-generation sequencing has allowed us to detect new extra-chromosomal replicons in several leptospiral strains. Some of these replicons are prophages whose role in the evolution of leptospires awaits investigation.The exploration of leptospiral diversity and characterization of new phages and prophages reveal a close relationship between leptospires and their phages that was previously unknown. This work changes our view of the evolution of Leptospira, the diversity of which could be explained partly by transmission of prophages and viral transduction
Fontana, Célia. "Identification et caractérisation des gènes impliqués dans la virulence des Leptospires". Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE1091.
Testo completoLeptospirosis is a worldwide zoonosis responsible for more than 1 million human cases and severe infections in animals. The causative agents are pathogenic species of Leptospira. The virulence mechanisms of these atypical bacteria remain largely unknown. Human and animal vaccines exist but the protection is restricted to a few serovars, representing only partially the complex and fluctuating epidemiology of the disease. The aims of the thesis presented in this manuscript were to characterize new virulence factors on Leptospira on the one hand and to identify new cross-protective vaccine candidates on the other hand, in the context of the COVALEPT collaborative project led by Merial, gathering industrial and academic partners. First, a flow cytometry based enumeration method for leptospires was developed, more rapid and efficient than the current standard technique. Then, the study of mutants generated by random transposition and spontaneously avirulent strains led to the identification of three virulence factors: LIC12144, required for lipopolysaccharides biosynthesis, FliM, essential for motility, and LIC11221 which may be involved in chemotaxis. Finally, two vaccine candidates conferring partial protection against the disease in a rodent model were conceived, a recombinant protein and a live attenuated strain. Altogether, this work brings new knowledge on Leptospira virulence and supports the development of broad spectrum vaccines against leptospirosis
Chagas, Júnior Adenizar Delgado das. "O imprint como método para detecção de Leptospira SSP". s.n, 2009. https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/4113.
Testo completoMade available in DSpace on 2012-05-31T19:55:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Adenizar Chagas Júnior. O Imprint como método para detecção de Leptospira SSP. 2009.pdf: 396164 bytes, checksum: 8f423288d4f795e861df22e9de3acb59 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, Bahia, Brasil
Na determinação da eficácia de novas candidatas à vacina para leptospirose, o marcador primário considerado é a mortalidade, e um marcador secundário importante é a indução de uma imunidade estéril. Entretanto, a avaliação da imunidade estéril é dificultada pelo tempo demandado e pela complexidade de métodos como o isolamento pela cultura. Neste estudo, foi avaliado o uso do método do imprint (ou touch preparation) na detecção da presença de leptospiras em tecidos de hamsters infectados com L. interrogans sorovar Copenhageni. Comparado com a cultura, o imprint demonstrou igual ou melhor detecção de leptospiras em amostras de rim, fígado, pulmão e sangue coletadas após a infecção obtendo uma concordância geral boa (κ = 0.61). Além disso, na avaliação de hamsters imunizados com uma proteína recombinante de Leptospira candidata à vacina e subsequente desafio com leptospiras patogênicas, a concordância entre a cultura e o imprint foi alta (κ = 0.84). Estes achados indicam que o imprint é um método rápido para a observação direta de Leptospira spp. e que pode ser facilmente aplicado na avaliação de animais infectados experimentalmente com leptospiras e na determinação de imunidade esterilizante durante avaliações de potenciais candidatas à vacina.
In determining the efficacy of new vaccine candidates for leptospirosis the primary endpoint is death and an important secondary endpoint is sterilizing immunity. However, evaluation of this endpoint is often hampered by the time consuming demands and complexity of methods such as culture isolation (CI). In this study, we evaluated the use of an imprint (or touch preparation) method (IM) in detecting the presence of leptospires in tissues of hamsters infected with L. interrogans serovar Copenhageni. Compared to CI, the IM exhibited equal or improved detection of leptospires in kidney, liver, lung and blood samples collected post-infection and the overall concordance was good (κ = 0.61). Furthermore, in an evaluation of hamsters immunized with a recombinant Leptospira protein-based vaccine candidate and subsequently challenged with leptospires, the agreement between the CI and IM was very good (κ = 0.84). These finding indicate that the IM is a rapid method for the direct observation of Leptospira spp. that can be readily applied to evaluating Leptospira infection in experimental animals and determining sterilizing immunity when screening potential vaccine candidates.
Fuverki, Renata Benício Neves [UNESP]. "Padronização de um protocolo para detecção molecular de Leptospira spp. e Brucella spp. em sêmen bovino comercial". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/94627.
Testo completoConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
Com a crescente disponibilidade das biotécnicas de reprodução animal, o comércio dos produtos envolvidos com essas práticas também está em expansão, oferecendo a possibilidade de melhoria dos índices zootécnicos às produções de bovinos. Porém deve-se levar em consideração que há riscos sanitários em práticas como a inseminação artificial caso não se realize o controle do material biológico utilizado. Dentre os agentes infecciosos que podem estar presentes no sêmen e passíveis de serem transmitidos por esse estão a leptospirose e a brucelose, enfermidades responsáveis por grandes perdas reprodutivas e econômicas na bovinocultura mundial. Este projeto teve como objetivos detectar molecularmente esses patógenos em amostras de sêmen bovino provenientes de centrais de comercialização brasileiras, utilizando um kit comercial para extração de DNA (“RTP Bacteria DNA Mini Kit” (Invitek®), aperfeiçoá-lo para a extração de DNA bacteriano a partir de sêmen e avaliar sua aplicabilidade à rotina laboratorial. O DNA bacteriano foi extraído e quantificado por eletroforese em gel de agarose. Pretendeu-se também realizar reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) utilizando os “primers” B4 e B5 para amplificação do DNA de Brucella spp. e os “primers” Lep 1 e Lep 2 para Leptospira spp. O kit de extração foi otimizado com sucesso, e todas as 96 amostras examinadas foram negativas para qualquer DNA bacteriano. Os resultados podem ser úteis para estabelecer alternativas de controle sanitário em touros doadores de sêmen e permitir o fornecimento de material genético livre de patógenos, aumentando o “status” sanitário da reprodução de bovinos no Brasil
With the increasing disponibility of animal reproduction biotechniques, trading of products involved with these activities is also in expansion offering improving possibilities in zootecnic indexes of bovine herds. However, considerations should be taken about sanitary risks in practices like artificial insemination if any control is applied to this biological material. Among infectious agents that could be present and transmitted by semen are leptospirosis and brucellosis, diseases that are responsible for numerous reproductive and economic losses in world’s cattle culture. The goals of this project were to molecularly detect these pathogens in bovine semen samples from Brazilian artificial insemination centers using a commercial kit for DNA extraction (RTP Bacteria DNA Mini Kit (Invitek®), to improve it for extracting bacterial DNA from semen and to analyze its applicability in laboratory routine. Bacterial DNA was extracted and quantified by agarose gel electrophoresis. We also intended to realize polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using primers B4 and B5 for amplification of Brucella spp. DNA and primers Lep 1 e Lep 2 for Leptospira spp. DNA. The extraction kit was successfully optimized and all of 96 examined samples were negative for any bacterial DNA. Results could be useful to establish alternative measures of sanitary control in semen donors and to allow the supplying of genetic material free of pathogens, increasing sanitary status of bovine reproduction in Brazil
Fernandes, Luís Guilherme Virgilio. "Caracterização da interação de Leptospira interrogans com o sistema protrombina/trombina e possíveis implicações na virulência". Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/87/87131/tde-09022018-113614/.
Testo completoThe mechanisms responsible for the hemorrhagic manifestations during severe leptospirosis are still poorly understood. This work evaluated the direct and indirect effects of leptospires upon molecules of the coagulation system. It has been shown that virulent leptospires are effective in blocking the activity of the enzyme thrombin by sequestration of its substrate binding site, generating less fibrin clot formation, leading to bleeding and consequent dissemination of the pathogen to other sites of infection. It has also been shown that the inflammation caused by the immune response against the bacteria causes an activation of the coagulation, most probably via expression of Tissue Factor, which causes a consumption and consequent depletion of coagulation factors and inhibitors, culminating in hemorrhage and thrombus formation, which can lead to organ failure. These results improve the understanding of the pathogenesis of leptospirosis and may favor the development of therapies for hemorrhagic manifestations.
Domingos, Renan Francisco. "Caracterização de duas proteínas de Leptospira interrogans na patogênese da leptospirose". Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/87/87131/tde-09122014-122906/.
Testo completoThe genomic sequencing and the advances of bioinformatics analysis allowed the identification of new vaccine candidates and new virulence factors. Therefore, two genes from L. interrogans serovar Copenhageni, LIC11834 and LIC12253 were selected and subjected to assays for the presence of genomic DNA and mRNA in different serovars of Leptospira. These assays found that the gene LIC12253 was the most present among the tested serovars. The genes were then cloned in the expression vector pAE and expressed in E. coli BL21 SI. The recombinant proteins were purified and subjected to circular dichroism, which confirmed that both proteins presented secondary structures. Immunogenicity tests in mice showed that both proteins are immunogenic, with high antibodies titers, but don\'t induce cellular immune response. Localization assays of the native proteins on the leptospiras demonstrated the presence of the proteins on the surface of Leptospira. Reactivity assays with sera of patients diagnosed with leptospirosis showed that the recombinant proteins could be recognized by their antibodies, suggesting that they are expressed during infection. Adhesion assays to the extracellular matrix components, human serum and plasma components, showed that the protein rLIC11834 binds to laminin and was called Lsa33. In addition, Lsa33 interacts to plasminogen, to C4bp and to fibrinogen in a dose-dependent manner. The protein rLIC12253 showed binding to laminina, named Lsa25, and to C4bp in a dose-dependent manner. Challenge assays showed that both recombinant proteins don\'t afford protection against lethal infection in hamsters. Thus, we believe that these multifunctional proteins may interact with host proteins and may play a role in leptospiral pathogenesis.
Breda, Leandro Carvalho Dantas. "Mecanismos de evasão do sistema complemento por Leptospira ssp.: interação com inibidor de C1 esterase e C4BP". Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/42/42133/tde-12082014-153344/.
Testo completoLeptospirosis is a zoonosis caused by bacteria Leptospira. The Complement System plays a crucial role in the immune response against Leptospira. Non-pathogenic leptospira is eliminated by complement while pathogenic is able to avoid complement activation by the acquisition of host complement inhibitors Factor H and C4BP. We verified that SCR 7 and 8 of C4BP alpha chain are responsible to interaction with outer membrane proteins of L. interrogans LcpA and LigBC while SCR 4, 7 and 8 are responsible to interaction with LigAC and L. interrogans. We characterized this protein-protein interaction and verified that is ionic strength dependent and is inhibited by heparin. C1INH, another important regulator of classical and lectin pathways, interacts with the surface of leptospiras pathogenic, non-patogenic and attenuated and it is still able to regulates the classical pathway. We also performed a killing experiment and verified that C1INH is important to the survival of leptospiras attenuated, been the first complement system evasion mechanisms verified at this strain.
Carvalho, Enéas de. "Análise das proteínas de Leptospira com possível papel hemolítico através de expressão recombinante: detecção de expressão nativa, atividade biológica e potencial vacinal". Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/41/41131/tde-18072008-155232/.
Testo completoLeptospirosis is considered the most disseminated zoonosis of the world, and also a reemerging disease. This disease, caused by pathogenic bacteria of the genus Leptospira, has high rates of infection in developing countries, leading to severe economic and medical costs. There is not a licensed vaccine against leptospirosis for human use. After the genome sequencing of three species of leptospires, several genes were pointed to be promising vaccinal candidates. An important category of these candidates are those with putative hemolytic activity. In this work, we cloned and expressed some proteins with putative hemolytic activity. The recombinant proteins obtained, however, did not show hemolytic activity. One of these proteins, TlyC, was investigated with regard to its possible ability to interact to extracellular matrix (ECM) components. The results obtained indicate that TlyC binds with high affinity to several ECM components and that this protein can inhibit the Leptospira bind to a biological material that ressambles the ECM. The transcription and expression of these proteins were detected in leptospires cultures. Some of the recombinant proteins were used in an animal challenge against leptospirosis, but none of them were protective. We conclude that these proteins do not seem to be good vaccine candidates and that TlyC is a protein that interacts with the ECM and its components.
Pereira, Priscila Romero Mazzini. "Caracterização imunogênica e funcional de duas lipoproteínas preditas de Leptospira interrogans expressas em Escherichia coli". Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/87/87131/tde-23052017-141254/.
Testo completoLeptospirosis is the most widespread zoonosis and also a major cause of economic loss in animal production worldwide. The study of new surface antigens of Leptospira interrogans is intriguing and may shed light into the initial pathogen-host interactions. We set out to study two novel coding sequences LIC13059 and LIC10879 predicted to be located at the cell surface. The genes were cloned and the recombinant proteins were expressed in E. coli. The purified recombinant proteins presented secondary structures, and interacted with plasminogen, fibrinogen and laminin human components. rLIC13059, named Lsa25.6, when bound to fibrinogen was capable of inhibiting the formation of fibrin clot, while rLIC10879, named Lsa16, interacted with e-cadherin, a mammalian cell receptor, suggesting participation in coagulation pathway and host-cell binding, respectively. The plasminogen captured by both recombinant proteins could be converted into plasmin, a mechanism that could help bacterial penetration in the host.
Silva, Ludmila Bezerra da. "Interação da proteína de superfície LcpA de Leptospira com Fator H, principal regulador solúvel da via alternativa do sistema complemento humano". Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10134/tde-26112013-143254/.
Testo completoLeptospirosis is a zoonosis of global distribution, with higher incidence in tropical areas. The bacteria that cause the disease belong to the genus Leptospira, family Leptospiracea and order Spirochaetales. Leptospirosis is maintained in nature by persistent colonization of proximal renal tubules of carrier animals. One strategy adopted by these spirochetes to escape from host´s innate immune system is the ability to interact with the complement regulators Factor H (FH) and C4b Binding Protein (C4BP). The complement system is a vital component of the innate immune system, being crucial for host´s defense, particularly against Gram-negative bacteria. According to our recent published data, C4BP interacts with the leptospiral surface protein LcpA. This 20 kDa outer membrane protein binds both purified and serum C4BP in a dose-dependent manner. Once bound, C4BP remains functional acting as a cofactor for Factor I in the cleavage of C4b. In the present study we evaluated the interaction of LcpA with human FH, the main soluble regulator of the alternative pathway of complement. The intact protein as well as its N-terminal, intermediate and C-terminal portions were purified by metal-affinity chromatography from the insoluble pellet. The interaction of these proteins with FH was evaluated by two distinct methods: ELISA and Western blot overlay. Our results indicate that the C-terminal domain of LcpA mediates interaction with FH, and also with C4BP. Since both complement regulators interact with the same fragment of LcpA, we next performed competition assays to assess if they would share binding sites. According to our data, FH and C4BP have distinct binding sites on LcpA. Cofactor activity of FH bound to immobilized LcpA was confirmed by detecting the C3b α' chain cleavage fragments of 46 and 43 kDa upon incubation with Factor I, thus indicating that it remains functionally active. Given the LcpA´s role in host´s innate immune evasion, we also evaluated its vaccine potential in a hamster model. Data from three challenge assays indicated that the protein can not afford protection. Low ELISA antibody titers of hamsters immunized with LcpA were observed, which strongly suggests that this protein is not immunogenic. In conclusion, LcpA interacts with host´s molecules and seems to contribute to the bacterial immune evasion. Nevertheless, this outer membrane protein is not a promising vaccine candidate against leptospirosis.
Costa, Joana Sequeira. "Nefrite intersticial crónica em bovinos : exame post mortem". Master's thesis, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/21180.
Testo completoA Leptospirose é uma zoonose reemergente globalmente disseminada e de elevada relevância em todo o mundo. Particularmente em contextos ocupacionais, tem importância em trabalhos agrícolas ou profissões que impliquem contacto com animais que possam estar infetados, como explorações de bovinos ou matadouros. É responsável por perdas económicas em explorações de ruminantes, devido principalmente a alterações reprodutivas. O principal objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar a possível relação entre as lesões renais encontradas em bovinos que foram motivo de reprovação durante a inspeção post mortem, e as infeções por espécies patogénicas de Leptospira. Foram selecionados aleatoriamente entre março e julho de 2018, num matadouro da DAV de Setúbal, 40 rins com lesões de nefrite intersticial crónica, bem como 10 rins sem lesões, que constituíam o grupo de controlo. Os bovinos a partir dos quais se recolheram os rins pertenciam a 26 explorações diferentes da Região de Setúbal. Recolheram-se amostras desses rins, submetendo-as a análise histopatológica e a PCR convencional para pesquisa de ADN de espécies patogénicas de Leptospira. Para isso foi feita a amplificação do gene lipL32. Como controlo positivo foi utilizado ADN de Leptospira interrogans sorogrupo Icterohaemorrhagiae sorovar Copenhageni, e como controlo interno o gene β-actina de bovino. Os resultados histopatológicos confirmaram a presença de nefrite intersticial nos rins reprovados. Dos 40 rins recolhidos com lesões, 10 revelaram-se positivos, pertencendo os bovinos positivos a apenas 2 explorações. É esperado que este trabalho seja mais um contributo para o estudo epidemiológico da Leptospirose bovina em Portugal.
ABSTRACT - Leptospirosis is a reemerging zoonosis that is globally disseminated and highly relevant worldwide. Particularly in occupational contexts, it is important in agricultural work, or professions that involve contact with animals that may be infected, such as cattle farms or in slaughterhouses. It is responsible for economic losses in ruminant farms, mainly due to reproductive changes. The main objective of this work was to study the possible relationship between kidney lesions found in cattle which were condemned during post-mortem inspection, and infections by pathogenic Leptospira species. Between March and July 2018, at a slaughterhouse in Setúbal, 40 kidneys with lesions compatible with chronic interstitial nephritis were selected at random, as well as 10 kidneys without lesions, which constituted the control group. The cattle from which the kidneys were collected belonged to 26 different farms in the Setúbal Region. Samples of these kidneys were collected and submitted to histopathological analysis and conventional PCR for DNA screening for pathogenic Leptospira species. lipL32 gene was amplified. DNA from Leptospira interrogans serogroup Icterohaemorrhagiae serovar Copenhageni was used as positive control, and the bovine β-actin gene was used as internal control. Histopathological results confirmed the presence of interstitial nephritis in the condemned kidneys. From the 40 kidneys collected with lesions, 10 were positive, with positive cattle belonging to only 2 herds. This work is expected to be one more contribute for the epidemiological study of bovine Leptospirosis in Portugal.
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Santos, Luciane Amorim. "Leptospira interrogans sorovar Copenhageni e Icterohaemorrhagiae: relação evolutiva, diferenças genéticas e associação com desfecho clínico". reponame:Repositório Institucional da FIOCRUZ, 2015. https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/12085.
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Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil
A leptospirose é a zoonose mais disseminada mundialmente por infectar diversas espécies diferentes de animais mamíferos. Apresenta 22 espécies identificadas, sendo dez patogênicas, cinco intermediarias e sete saprofiticas, além de apresentar mais de 250 sorovares diferentes. Em Salvador, Leptospira interrogans sorovar Copenhageni é a causadora da epidemia urbana na cidade e apresenta ratos como seu hospedeiro reservatório. As formas clínicas da leptospirose podem variar de assintomática a formas graves. As manifestações clínicas mais graves envolve o desenvolvimento da síndrome Hemorrágica pulmonar severa, e óbito do paciente. Estudos para entender as diferenças genéticas entre as diferentes espécies e sorovares é de extrema importância para identificar fatores de virulência da bactéria, genes que possam está associado aos diferentes formas clinicas, e sua capacidade de se adaptar aos diferentes ambientes. Neste trabalho foi estudado o genoma de dois importantes serovares de L. interrogans, o sorovar Copenhageni e o serovar Icterohaemorrhagiae, e suas diferenças genéticas e associação com dados clínicos e epidemiológicos. Um total de 141 isolados tiveram seus genomas sequenciados. Foi construindo e validado um pipeline para a o mapeamento e construção dos genomas e a identificação de SNPs e Indels. Os resultados encontrados demostraram um alta similaridade entre os isolados dos dois serovares, de diferentes regiões geográficas e isolados em anos diferentes. As sequências deste estudo se mostram conservadas ao longo do tempo sem apresentar nenhuma mutação associada as diferentes forma clínicas da doença, indicando que outros fatores, tais como os do hospedeiro, podem estar envolvidos na diversidade de sintomatologia. Na comparação do genoma dos isolados de L. interrogans, sorovar Copenhageni e sorovar Icterohaemorrhagiae foi identificado apenas uma mutação que as difere geneticamente. Essa mutação está presente no gene LIC12008 que produz uma proteína hipotética, e que a sua avaliação in silico demostrou estar envolvida na síntese de LPS, justificando assim as diferenças encontradas no teste serológico. Além disto, também foram avaliadas as diferenças entre 20 das 22 espécies de Leptospira, para identificar possíveis fatores de virulência e genes que possam estar envolvidos na patogênese e adaptação da bactéria ao ambiente. Estudos de fatores genéticos da Leptospira pode auxiliar ao manejo da doença, com uma melhor assistência e terapia para os pacientes, desenvolvimento de vacinas e diagnostico desta doença negligenciada.
There are 22 different species of Leptospira spp. in which 10 are pathogenic, 5 intermediate and 7 saprophytic species. In Salvador the Leptospira interrogans sorovar Copenhageni is the main serovar detected, responsible for the urban epidemics, and has rats as their main host. The clinical manifestations of leptospirosis can vary from asymptomatic form to severe disease like pulmonary hemorrhagic syndrome, and death. Studies to understand de genetic differences among the species and serovars are of great importance to identify virulence factors, genes that could be related to the different clinical manifestations and its capacity to adapt in different environments. Here, the genome of two epidemiologically important serovar of the L. interrogans, the serovar Copenhageni and serovar Icterohaemorrhagiae, and their genetic differences and the association of these differences with epidemiological and clinical data were studied. A total of 141 strains were genome sequenced. A pipeline for the genome mapping and variant call were constructed and validated. The results showed a high similarity among the strains from both serovars from different geographic locations and year of isolation. The sequences from this study showed to be very conserved, not presenting any mutation associated with the different clinical outcome, indicating that other factors, like host factors, could be related to the diversity of clinical outcome. Only one genetic mutation was detected in the genome comparison of the strains belonging to the L. interrogans sorovar Copenhageni and sorovar Icterohaemorrhagiae. This mutation was found in the gene LIC12008 that produce a hypothetical protein, in which its in silico analysis reviled that this protein could be related to the LPS synthesis, justifying the serological test differences between the two serovar. Besides that, the differences between 20 of the 22 species of Leptospira identified were evaluated to detect possibly virulence factors and genes that could be involved in the pathogenesis and adaptation. Studies of the Leptospira virulence factors can give support to the disease management, giving a better assistance and treatment to the patients and developing vaccines and better diagnostic for the neglected disease
Pearce, Jacqueline Winona. "Detection of Leptospira interrogans in fixed equine eyes affected with end-stage equine recurrent uveitis". Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4925.
Testo completo"May 2007" The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Includes bibliographical references.
Rosa, Adriana Helena. "Mastite : síndrome da queda do leite e infecção por Leptospira interrogans em ovelhas da raça Santa Inês". reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2010. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/6040.
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A ovinocultura tem crescido muito no Distrito Federal, bem como em toda a região Centro Oeste e os rebanhos têm evoluído principalmente em relação à composição genética e nesse sentido, a raça Santa Inês tem se destacado por apresentar alto potencial para produção de carne e adaptar-se com facilidade aos climas quentes, além de ser bastante prolífera. Porém, ainda observa-se uma imensa lacuna no que se refere às pesquisas sobre sanidade. A mastite em ovinos é de grande importância em rebanhos destinados à produção de leite, contudo, recentemente, o interesse por mastite tem aumentado também em relação a rebanhos destinados a produção de carne, pois a doença pode levar à redução no ganho de peso dos cordeiros e aumento na mortalidade. A síndrome da queda do leite consiste em uma redução brusca na produção leiteira em vacas, não acompanhada de quaisquer sinais clínicos de enfermidade, especialmente mastite, ou privação de alimento ou água. Estresse calórico, particularmente a combinação de calor e umidade, e leptospirose devido à Leptospira Hardjo, estão entre as causas mais comuns. Esta síndrome também ocorre em ovelhas, mas pouco tem sido descrito nessa espécie. Neste estudo, foram analisadas todas as ovelhas da raça Santa Inês de 12 rebanhos do Distrito Federal, totalizando 1000 animais. Deste total, 98 animais apresentaram sinais de mastite clínica (9,8%), sendo uma ocorrência alta quando comparada à encontrada por outros autores em outros países. Após sorologia, nenhuma relação entre animais soroposivos para Leptospira spp. e presença de mastite clínica e síndrome da queda do leite foi encontrada. _________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT
The sheep industry has grown significantly in the Distrito Federal, as well as throughout the Midwest region. The genetic composition of flocks has evolved and the Santa Ines breed has increased in use due to high perceived potential for meat production, and adaptation to hot climates, as well as being very prolific. There is still a lack of sanity information issues. Ovine mastitis is of great importance to dairy flocks, although, recently the interest in mastitis has grown in meat-producing sheep flocks, as the disease can lead to weight loss in lambs and increase mortality. The milk drop syndrome consists of a sudden reduction in milk yield, with no clinical signs of disease, specially mastitis, or food and water deprivation. Heat stress, particularly the combination of heat and humidity, and leptospirosis due to Leptospira Hardjo are among the most common causes. This syndrome also occurs in ewes, but there are few studies in this species. In this study, were examined all ewes from 12 Santa Ines flocks in the Distrito Federal, total of 1000 animals. From these, 98 animals presented signs of clinical mastitis (9.8%), a high occurrence when compared to other authors in other countries. After serology, no relation was found between Leptospira spp. seropositives animals and the presence of clinical mastitis and milk drop syndrome.
Lima, Swiany Silveira. "Identificação de adesinas de Leptospira interrogans por shotgun phage display". Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/46/46131/tde-02052013-095417/.
Testo completoIn Leptospira interrogans, proteins capable to bind to extracellular matrix components have been identified and most of them are important virulence factors. Phage display is a powerful technique to identify new ligands, including adhesin molecules that are important in the first stage of host infection. A shotgun phage display technique was used in order to obtain cell ligands. Four libraries were constructed by inserting random fragments obtained by sonication of L. interrogans DNA into phagemids pG8SAET (BBT1 and BBT2) and pG3DSS (BBT5 and BBT6). The libraries BBT1 and BBT5 contain larger inserts and BBT2 and BBT6 contain smaller inserts, with 1500 bp and 350 bp average sizes, respectively. After panning of BBT5 against mammalian cells and bovine fetal serum, the sequences of selected clones were analyzed for correct orientation and fusion with pIII protein. The proteins encoded by genes LIC11719, LIC10769, LIC13143 and LIC12976 were selected. The genes LIC12976, LIC10768, LIC10769 and LIC13418 were evaluated for their conservation in different pathogenic serovars of L. interrogans and free-living L. biflexa serovar Patoc. Proteins LIC12976 (selected by phage display technique) and also LIC13418 that was selected by bioinformatic tools, were amplified by PCR, cloned into pGEM T easy, subcloned into expression vector pAE and expressed in cellular fraction corresponding to the inclusion body in E. coli BL21 (DE3) Star pLysS and E. coli BL21 SI, respectively. After protein renaturation protocol and purification by affinity chromatography, a group of five BALB/c mice was immunized with the purified proteins. Both proteins were shown to be immunogenic with 1:256000 and 1:512000 polyclonal sera titers, respectively. In Western blot the sera were specific to recognize recombinant proteins and native proteins were detected in pathogenic L. interrogans serovars extracts. In binding assays, recombinant proteins bind to A31, LLC-PK1 and Vero cells and specifically to laminin. In interference cell assay using laminin there was an increase of recombinant protein bindings, which can be explained by the laminin binding to cells and further binding of the recombinant LICs. In cellular localization assay using immunofluorescence and electron microscopy, it was observed that both are surface proteins of L. interrogans. In the animal challenge, the LIC12976 and LIC13418 were not protective. As a whole, this work contributed to the identification of LIC12976 and LIC13418 as new adhesins and they can participate in the virulence of pathogenic Leptospira in the first stage of host pathogen interaction.
Miragaia, Lídia dos Santos. "Interação de proteínas de membrana de Leptospira com vitronectina humana". Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/42/42132/tde-09032017-155237/.
Testo completoLeptospirosis is a zoonotic disease caused by pathogenic Leptospira that have strategies to escape the action of the complement system interacting with several negative regulators, such as vitronectin. In this project, we evaluated the interaction of vitronectin with three Leptospira membrane proteins: LigA, LigB and LcpA. It has been found that such interactions occur at the C-terminal portions of these proteins and the heparin binding domain of vitronectin. These proteins also bind to C9 and are capable of preventing the formation of the pore in vitro and the formation of MAC in a classical test of hemolysis. These proteins interact with various Leptospira negative regulators of the complement system. Competition assays demonstrated that both interact with these regulatory proteins through distinct sites. The functional characterization of these proteins and the discovery of new mechanisms used by this pathogen to survive in the host may help our understanding with regard to clinical aspects and prevention of leptospirosis.
Oliveira, Rosane de. "Caracterização de lipoproteínas de Leptospira interrogans expressas em Escherichia coli". Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/87/87131/tde-14052014-160155/.
Testo completoLeptospirosis is worldwide zoonosis caused by pathogenic spirochaetes of the genus Leptospira. In the urban settings, rodents are the most important reservoirs. Since the control of the rodents and sanitation measures are not easily implemented, the development of vaccine is necessary to combat the leptospirosis. Thus, the genes sequences of LIC10258, LIC12880 and LIC12238 were selected by bioinformatics analysis and amplified by PCR methodology from genomic DNA of L. interrogans. Evaluation of the adhesion capacity of the recombinant proteins with extracellular matrix components showed that rLIC10258 interacts to laminin and plasma fibronectin. All recombinant proteins were capable to bind plasminogen and to generate plasmin, showing specific proteolytic activity, whereas that only rLIC12238 was capable to bind fibrinogen. The results obtained suggest that these proteins may play a role in leptospiral pathogenesis.
Fraga, Tatiana Rodrigues. "Estudo de potencias antígenos vacinais de Leptospira interrogans sorovar Copenhageni". Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/87/87131/tde-17082009-092435/.
Testo completoPreventive measures as vaccines are the best strategies to combat leptospirosis. Seven potential vaccine candidates from L. iInterrogans serovar Copenhageni were studied: LipL32, LipL23 and LipL22 (lipoproteins), SphH e Sph4 (hemolysins), AnkB (ankyrin domain) and OmpA76 (OmpA domain). The genes were amplified, cloned and the proteins expressed in E. Coli e Salmonella enteric for challenge assays. In the first assay, hamsters were immunized with the recombinant salmonella to express OmpA76 in vivo, and challenged with serovar Pomona. The survival was 30% of the recombinant salmonella group, 100% of the commercial vaccine and 10% of the control groups. In the second assay, hamsters were immunized with a pool of the purified proteins and challenged with serovar Copenhageni. The survival was 30% of the group pool of proteins, 90% of the commercial vaccine, 100% of the bacterin and 0% of the PBS group. LipL32, OmpA76, LipL23 and LipL22 reacted with hamsters infected sera. Leptospiral extracts were recognized by specific sera against LipL32, OmpA76 and LipL23.
Fonseca, Luciane Schons da. "Caracterization of the SOS response in Leptospira interrogans sorovar Copenhageni". Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/46/46131/tde-25032015-110306/.
Testo completoLeptospira é um gênero basal em um grupo já considerado um dos mais ancestrais, as espiroquetas. As espécies patogênicas são responsáveis pela leptospirose, uma doença presente em todo o mundo e de principal importância em países tropicais em desenvolvimento. L. interrogans sorovar Copenhageni é o agente da maior parte dos casos no Brasil. Nesse trabalho, utilizamos diversas abordagens experimentais para caracterizar o sistema SOS nesse sorovar, identificar seu impacto na resposta geral a danos no DNA, assim como avaliar as funções de reparo de DNA disponíveis em leptospiras patogênicas e saprofíticas. Identificamos um repressor LexA adicional, adquirido por transferência horizontal e exclusivo do sorovar Copenhageni. Observamos também que irradiação por UV-C causou significativa morte celular e bloqueio da divisão celular dos sobreviventes. Ambos os repressores são ativos e identificamos as sequências que utilizam para se ligar aos promotores dos genes regulados. Entretanto, o SOS box de LexA1 foi redefinido após uma busca de novo por motivos enriquecidos nas sequências recuperadas por ChIP-seq. Esse regulador ligou-se ao menos a 25 locais do genoma. A maioria desses alvos teve aumento de expressão após UV-C. Danos no DNA também causaram um importante rearranjo metabólico: houve aumento de expressão em transposons e profagos, além de indutores de mutagênese e vias de reparo; por outro lado, mobilidade, crescimento celular e quase todos os fatores de virulência foram reprimidos. Dois profagos induzidos durante essa resposta, possivelmente proporcionam algumas proteínas de funções importantes. Nós também avaliamos a presença de genes envolvidos no reparo de DNA em três espécies de leptospira: L. biflexa, L. interrogans e L. borgpetersenii. L. interrogans é a espécie com maior diversidade e redundância de genes de reparo. Além disso, transferência horizontal parece ser um importante fornecedor de funções de reparo nesse gênero. Leptospiras também apresentam genes característicos tanto de bactérias Gram-positivas quanto Gram-negativas. Genes representando diferentes vias de reparo foram induzidos durante infecção em modelo animal, sugerindo que essas vias estão ativas no curso da doença. Todos esses dados, em conjunto, sugerem que elementos genéticos móveis são de extrema importância na evolução do gênero e das vias de reparo. Assim, durante a resposta a danos no DNA, diversos mecanismos dependentes e independentes de SOS são empregados para frear o crescimento celular e virulência em favor da indução controlada de mecanismos para aumentar variabilidade genética.
Siuce, Moreno Juan José. "Identificación de serogrupos patogenos de leptospira spp. en caninos domésticos". Master's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2014. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/3999.
Testo completoLeptospirosis is an important bacterial zoonosis on worldwide. Dogs and other animals can be infected and suffered the disease, they constituting an important role in the spread of the bacteria to humans. The infection is caused by any of the 250 pathogenic serovars, grouped in 25 serogroups of Leptospira spp. The aim of this study was to identify the serogroups of Leptospira spp. circulating in domestic dogs. For this, 305 serum samples were obtained from dogs, who had a presumptive clinical diagnosis of Leptospirosis, over 6 months old, unvaccinated or more than six months since the last vaccination against Leptospirosis, The samples were submitted by veterinarians to Microbiology Lab - Bacteriology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, from 31 districts of Lima. The microagglutination test (MAT) was performed, establishing seroreactivity titles ≥ 1/100 as seropositive using reference strains of the 25 serogroups, including the new serogroup Iquitos, serovar Varillal, Var 10 strain, isolated and reported human outbreaks in Peru. 177 seropositive samples (58.03%) were detected, 31 of them (10.16%) were co-agglutinations. Seropositive reacted against 18 serogroups, the most frequent were: Iquitos (46/305; 15.08%), Tarassovi (37/305; 12.13%), Canicola (37/305; 12.13%), Australis (14/305; 4.59%), Icterohaemorrhagiae (13/305; 4.26%), Pomona (12/305; 3.93%), Mini (10/305; 3.28%) and Ballum (8/305; 2.62%). There were no seroreactors to serogroups: Bataviae, Celledoni, Hebdomadis, Lousiana, Panama, Ranarum, and Sarmin. Keywords: Dog, leptospirosis, leptospira, MAT, serovar, serogroup.
Tesis
Reis, Renato Barbosa. "Avaliação ambiental e do gradiente social nas infecções por leptospira". Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz, 2014. https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/8394.
Testo completoMade available in DSpace on 2014-09-18T13:20:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Renato Barbosa Reis. Avaliação ambiental... 2014.pdf: 11397074 bytes, checksum: ae3430dfcceb0d0b4cec5bbb356c39af (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisa Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil
Introdução: A leptospirose tem emergido como um importante problema de saúde pública no mundo. Esta zoonose é responsável por epidemias anuais que acometem principalmente indivíduos residentes em comunidades negligenciadas como as existentes em Salvador. Poucos estudos longitudinais foram realizados com objetivo de identificar os fatores de risco para infecção, fontes de transmissão e compreender a real dimensão da leptospirose nessas comunidades. Objetivo: Identificar fatores de risco para infecção prévia e novas infecções por leptospiras no contexto ambiental e socioeconômico em uma comunidade em Salvador Bahia. Métodos: Estudos de soroprevalência e coorte foram conduzidos na comunidade de Pau da Lima, com a realização de entrevistas domiciliares, avaliação peridomiciliar, coleta de material biológico e análises espaciais para mensurar a associação epidemiológica entre fatores de risco ambientais e as infecções. O teste de microaglutinação foi utilizado para avaliar amostras sorológicas obtidas. Resultados: Residir próximo aos esgotos abertos e do fundo do vale proximidade do domicílio a acúmulo de lixo e baixa renda foram associados com as infecções. A incidência anual de infecções secundárias foi de 2,3 vezes maior que as infecções primárias. Conclusão: O presente estudo sugere que medidas preventivas devem focalizar nas deficiências de infraestrutura que servem como fontes de transmissão. Intervenções mais efetivas precisam se concentrar especialmente nos adultos jovens e nos grupos populacionais mais desfavorecidos nestas comunidades.
Introduction: Leptospirosis has emerged as an important public health problem in the world. This zoonosis is responsible for annual epidemics affecting mainly individuals living in disadvantaged communities as existing in Salvador. Few longitudinal studies have been conducted in order to identify risk factors for infection, transmission sources and understand the real dimension of leptospirosis in these communities. Objective: To identify risk factors for early infection and new infections by Leptospira in environmental and socioeconomic context in a community in Salvador Bahia. Methods: Seroprevalence and cohort studies were conducted in Pau da Lima community, conducting home interviews peridomicilary review, collection of biological material and spatial analysis to measure the epidemiological association between environmental risk factors and infections. The agglutination test was used to evaluate serum samples obtained. Results: Residing next to open sewers and the valley floor near the homes of waste accumulation and low income were associated with infections. The annual incidence of secondary infections was 2.3 times higher than primary infections. Conclusion: This study suggests that preventive measures should focus on infrastructure deficiencies that serve as sources of transmission. More effective interventions need to focus especially on young adults and the most disadvantaged population groups in these communities.
Lafeta, Barbara Nobre. "Perfil protéico da membrana externa da Leptospira interrogans sorovariedade hardjoprajitno". Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1843/MASA-7BAHX9.
Testo completoEste trabalho teve como objetivo estudar o perfil das proteínas da membrana externa (PMEs) da Leptospira interrogans sorovariedade hardjoprajitno por meio da eletroforese uni e bidimensional e testes de Western blot. Foram utilizadas técnicas de extração da membranaexterna com Triton x114 e precipitação das proteínas com acetona. As imagens foram analisadas pelo programa de computador Gel-Proanalyze 3.1. (MediaCybernetics®) para determinação da massa molecular das proteínas detectadas nos géis bidimensionais e nasmembranas de nitrocelulose. Na eletroforese unidimensional foram visualizadas 14 bandas de proteína, sendo que quatro delas, de massas moleculares eqüivalentes a 63 KDa (LipL63), 47 KDa (LipL48), 29 KDa (LipL32) e 22 KDa (LipL22/Loa22), apresentaram-se como os principais componentes das proteínas de membrana externa. Nos géis de eletroforese bidimensional foram visualizadas 35 bandas de roteínas que predominam na membrana externa dessa leptospira, sendo que cinco delas se destacaram como de maior intensidade: 22,54 KDa(LipL22), 30/26 KDa (LipL32), 34,41 KDa (PME34), 42,75 KDa (LipL41) e 58,59 KDa (LipL63).. A eletroforese bidimensional mostrou-se com maior poder de resolução para separação das PMEs em comparação com a eletroforese unidimensional. Os testes de Western blot realizados com soros de coelhos hiperimunizados identificaram nove proteínas reagentes nos soros dos coelhos de massas moleculares de 51,1 KDa, 36 KDa, 27 KDa, 24,5 KDa, 20,5 KDa, 17,7 KDa e 14 KDa. Em soros de bovinos apenas duas proteínas modularam a resposta imune desses animais com pesos aparentes de 47 KDa (Pme45) e 29 KDa (LipL32). A diferença encontrada nos resultados dos soros de bovinos naturalmente infectados em relação aos resultados encontrados nos soros dos coelhos hiperimunizados podem ser atribuídas às diferenças de patogenicidade das amostras de Leptospiras que infectaram esses animais. As amostras que infectaram os bovinos estavam se mantendo na natureza, enquanto as amostras que foram utilizadas para produzir o soro hiperimune tem sido mantidas em laboratório a muito tempo.
Lafeta, Barbara Nobre. "Produção e caracterização da proteína recombinante LipL32 de Leptospira spp". Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1843/SMOC-9HCPXE.
Testo completoEste trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar o perfil das proteínas da membrana externa (PMEs) da Leptospira interrogans sorovariedades Hardjobovis, Icterohaemorrhagiae, Pomona e Wolffi; produzir e testar a proteína LipL32 frente ao soro de animais naturalmente infectados. Foram utilizadas técnicas de extração da membrana externa com Triton X114 e precipitação das proteínas com acetona, clonagem e subclonagem do gene LipL32, otimização do gene LipL32 para códons próprios da E. coli, construção do gene LipL32 de forma sintética, produção da proteína LipL32 e testes Western blot com a proteína recombinante LipL32. Na eletroforese com gel de poliacrilamida sob condições desnaturantes as bandas de massa molecular iguais a 22, 29, 32, 36, 41 e 48 KDa apresentaram-se como os principais componentes das PME das quatro sorovariedades testadas. Nos testes de Western blot as bandas com massas moleculares iguais a de 22, 29, 32, 41, 48, 52 e 75 KDa reagiram em todas as sorovariedades testadas. A expressão do gene sintético LipL32 foi realizada com sucesso, porém não foram obtidos níveis de expressão satisfatórios. A proteína LipL32 recombinante foi reagente em todos os testes de Western blot realizados.
Diniz, Juliana Alcoforado. "Produção e caracterização de IgY contra rLipL32 de Leptospira interrogans". Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 2012. http://guaiaca.ufpel.edu.br/handle/123456789/1206.
Testo completoLeptospirosis is a zoonosis caused by bacteria of the Leptospira genus. In recent years, efforts to identify immunogenic components of leptospires have resulted in the characterization of several outer membrane lipoproteins that are expressed during infection. Previously, our group had produced polyclonal IgY antibodies against whole-cell leptospires strain Fiocruz L1-130, which were used in different forms of capture ELISAs. In this study we produced and characterized IgY antibodies against LipL32 in recombinant form (rLipL32), the most abundant lipoprotein in the proteome of pathogenic leptospires, in order to use they in diagnostic assays and prophylaxis of leptospirosis. For this, two 22-week-old hens were immunized on day 0 with rLipL32 and oil adjuvant by intramuscular route. Three booster immunizations on days 14, 28 and 42 were held, and the eggs were collected daily from day 45. The yolks were processed and the antibodies purified with polyethylene glycol, and monitored by SDS-PAGE. Specificity of purified antibodies was assessed through indirect ELISA and Western blot (WB) using both rLipL32 and whole-cell Fiocruz L1-130. After standardization of the first batch of IgY, antibodies were conjugated with horseradish peroxidase and fluorescein (FITC). In addition, we conducted a passive immunoprotection assay in hamster model, using homologous and heterologous challenge. SDS-PAGE confirmed the successful purification of IgY and a batch with a concentration of 13μg.μL-1 was stored at -20ºC until use. Both IgY and IgY conjugated with horseradish peroxidase recognized the recombinant and native protein in ELISA and WB. In this study we produced and characterized successfully IgY against rLipL32. Although these antibodies have not been tested with clinical samples from humans or animals, they have antigen detecting potential for use in the diagnosis of leptospirosis.
A leptospirose é uma zoonose causada por bactérias do gênero Leptospira. Nos últimos anos, esforços para a identificação de componentes imunogênicos nas leptospiras resultaram na caracterização de várias lipoproteínas de membrana externa que são expressas durante a infecção. Anteriormente, nosso grupo havia produzido IgY contra Leptospira interrogans cepa Fiocruz L1-130 inteira, a qual foi usada em diferentes formatos de ELISA de captura. No presente estudo, objetivamos produzir e caracterizar anticorpos IgY contra a proteína LipL32 na forma recombinante (rLipL32), a lipoproteína mais abundante no proteoma das leptospiras patogênicas, com intuito de utilizá-los posteriormente, no diagnóstico e na imunoprofilaxia da leptospirose. Para isso, duas galinhas com 22 semanas de idade foram imunizadas no dia 0 com rLipL32 e adjuvante oleoso, através da via intramuscular. Três outras imunizações foram realizadas nos dias 14, 28 e 42 e os ovos coletados diariamente a partir do dia 45. Os anticorpos foram obitidos através do processamento das gemas, purificados com polietilenoglicol e monitorados por SDS-PAGE. A especificidade dos anticorpos foi avaliada através de ELISA indireto e Western blot (WB), ambos utilizando rLipL32 e Fiocruz L1-130 inteira. Após a padronização do primeiro lote de IgY, os anticorpos foram conjugados com peroxidase e fluoresceína (FITC), e avaliados em um ensaio de imunização passiva em hamsters, com desafio homólogo e heterólogo. O SDS-PAGE confirmou o sucesso de purificação, e um lote de IgY com a concentração de 13μg.μL-1 foi estocado a -20ºC até o uso. A IgY pura e conjugada com peroxidase reagiram com as proteínas recombinante e nativa no ELISA e no WB. Nesse estudo, produzimos e caracterizamos com sucesso IgY contra rLipL32. Embora esses anticorpos não tenham sido testados com amostras clínicas de humanos e animais, eles possuem potencial para compor ensaios que visem a detecção do antígeno no diagnóstico da leptospirose.
Felix, Samuel Rodrigues. "Avaliação do potencial imunoprotetor de antígenos recombinantes de Leptospira interrogans". Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 2009. http://repositorio.ufpel.edu.br/handle/ri/2559.
Testo completoLeptospirosis is a disease caused by pathogenic spirochetes of the Leptospira genus. It is the most widespread zoonosis in the world, representing a veterinarian and public health problem especially in developing countries. From a veterinarian point of view, leptospirosis is important both as a medical problem, mainly in dogs, which can suffer the ailment as well as transmit it, and as an economic problem, mainly in cattle and pigs, where it causes direct production and reproductive losses. Vaccination of these animals is largely applied, however protection is limited. Conventional vaccines confer protection restricted to the sorovars present in the preparation and fail to protect against renal infection, allowing seemingly healthy animals to shed bacteria, and produce short term protection requiring frequent revaccination. The vaccines are also available for humans, but are used only in a few countries such as Cuba and China. The goal of this work was to test the immune protective potential of recombinant Leptospira interrogans proteins produced in Escherichia coli, using the hamster model. Twenty recombinant vaccine candidates were produced and inoculated in hamsters in two doses, fourteen days apart. Two weeks after the second dose all animals were challenged with 100 leptospires (~2xLD50). After the challenge, animals were observed daily for disease. Of all the proteins tested, seven protected animals to some extent, ranging from 16.7% to 50%. Two proteins presented promising results, and were recommended for further studies, as potential leptospira subunit vaccine candidates.
A leptospirose é uma doença causada por espiroquetas do gênero Leptospira. Ela é a zoonose mais difundida no mundo, sendo um problema de saúde pública e veterinária, principalmente em países em desenvolvimento. Na área de veterinária, a leptospirose é preocupante do ponto de vista clínico e econômico, devido ao risco à saúde pública, perdas reprodutivas e óbitos. A vacinação animal é amplamente realizada como medida de prevenção da enfermidade. Entretanto, a proteção conferida pelas vacinas convencionais é limitada aos sorovares nelas presentes, não evitando o estado portador, mantendo assim o potencial transmissor desses animais, para humanos e outros animais. Por outro lado, vacinas para humanos estão disponíveis e empregadas em alguns países como a China e Cuba. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar, em modelo animal, proteínas recombinantes de Leptospira interrogans quanto ao seu potencial imunoprotetor. Para tanto, vinte proteínas foram expressas em Escherichia coli e, após a adsorção em hidróxido de alumínio, foram administradas em hamsters através da via intramuscular, em duas doses, com intervalo de 14 dias. Duas semanas após a segunda dose realizou-se o desafio dos animais com 100 leptospiras (~2xDL50). Após o desafio, os animais foram observados diariamente para o aparecimento de sinais clínicos da enfermidade e óbitos, e após 24 dias procedeu-se a eutanásia e necropsia dos animais sobreviventes. Como resultado da avaliação realizada, sete proteínas conferiram proteção ao modelo animal que variou de 16,7% a 50%. Das proteínas que apresentaram maiores níveis de proteção, duas foram indicadas como possíveis candidatas à vacina recombinante contra leptospirose.
Brich, Michelle. "Infecção Experimental com Leptospira interrogans sorovariedade Canicola, relacionada à pesquisa de alterações oculares em cães /". Jaboticabal : [s.n.], 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/94639.
Testo completoAbstract: Uveitis in mammals has been related to Leptospira spp. And although it occurs more frequently in the horse has already been observed and reported in other mammalian species, including the human. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between leptospira infection and the occurrence of ocular changes in dogs. To obtain the data were used 32 dogs in the reproductive age, collected by the Center for Zoonosis Control in São José do Rio Preto, which showed negative reaction in both tests of microscopic agglutination test (MAT) within seven days. Of the 32 dogs, 20 were inoculated with a pathogenic strain of Leptospira interrogans sorovar Canicola and 12 formed the control group. With the aim of assessing possible changes of the eye post mortem, eight dogs (five inoculated and three controls) were sacrificed on days: seven, 15, 30 and 45 days after inoculation. Samples of aqueous humor of one eye of each animal were removed for PCR, and MAT, and the other eye was removed for histological examination and the staining technique Levaditi. On days zero, three, five, seven, 10 and, thereafter, every five days, including the day of sacrifice, were assessed the physical condition of the animal, the eyeball and blood samples. The serum was subjected to SAM to establish the qualifications obtained at each stage of infection. Although all animals have serologic evidence indicating the success of infection, no detection tests resulted positive in up to 45 days of observation and by clinical examination only three animals showed noticeable changes: two had eye irritation with redness of the sclera and one animal showed tearing. We conclude that 45 days of infection with Leptospira interrogans sorovar Canicola are not enough to cause serious damage to the ocular system of dogs
Orientador: Raul José Silva Gírio
Coorientador: Fernanda Senter Magajevski
Banca: Luis Antonio Mathias
Banca: Heloisa Cristina da Silva
Mestre
Soares, Luciane Marieta. "O uso da talidomida como terapia adjuvante na leptospirose experimental". reponame:Repositório Institucional da FIOCRUZ, 2013. https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/7524.
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Universidade Federal da Bahia. Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisa Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil
A leptospirose é uma zoonose de importância global, causada por leptospiras patogênicas. Seu tratamento é limitado quando iniciado após quatro dias do surgimento de sintomas, portanto, novas terapias adjuvantes são necessárias. Objetivo. Testar a droga imunomoduladora talidomida como terapia adjuvante à ampicilina no modelo de tratamento tardio da leptospirose experimental em hamsters. Métodos. 60 hamsters foram infectados via intraperitoneal por Leptospirainterrogans cepa L1-130, e foram separados em grupos: nenhum tratamento (NONE), talidomida (TAL), ampicilina (AMP) e ambos (AMP-TAL). A talidomida foi administrada via sonda orogástrica na dosagem de 50 mg/Kg diluída em óleo de linhaça (2ml/Kg) por três dias. Já a ampicilina por via intramuscular: 100mg/Kg/bid por seis dias. Foram realizados dois desenhos experimentais. Experimento 1: o tratamento foi iniciado 48h após o início dos sinais clínicos da doença. Experimento 2: o tratamento foi iniciado imediatamente após a detecção do primeiro óbito entre os animais infectados. Resultados. Experimento1: todos os hamsters dos grupos AMP e AMP-TAL sobreviveram (n=8) enquanto todos os animais dos grupos NONE (n=6) e TAL (n=8) morreram. Os hamsters dos grupos AMP e AMP-TAL não mostraram lesões renais, pulmonares ou hepáticas. Baixa carga de leptospiras foi detectada nos órgãos alvo. Experimento 2: o desfecho letal foi observado em 6/6 hamsters no grupo NONE, 8/8 do grupo TAL, 6/8 do AMP e 6/8 do AMP-TAL. A talidomida usada como adjuvante não prolongou a sobrevida dos animais tratados com ampicilina. No entanto, o grupo TAL apresentou sobrevida mais longa que o grupo que não recebeu tratamento algum. Os animais tratados apresentaram maior frequência de destrabeculação de hepatócitos. Conclusão: Esse estudo abre novas perspectivas no desenvolvimento de um tratamento tardio na leptospirose, contudo observou-se que a talidomida utilizada como terapia adjuvante não teve impacto na sobrevida de hamsters como modelo de início tardio de terapia antimicrobiana.
Leptospirosis is a zoonosis of global importance, caused by pathogenic leptospira. His treatment is limited when started after four days of onset of symptoms, increasing the risk of morbidity and mortality, so new adjuvant therapies are needed.Objectives.To test the immunomodulatory drug, thalidomide, as an adjuvant therapy to antibiotics in experimental leptospirosis. Methods. Hamsters were infected by Leptospirainterrogans strain L1-130, and groups were assigned based on no treatment (NONE), thalidomide only (TAL), ampicillin only (AMP) or both (AMP-TAL). Thalidomide was administered via a gastric tube: 50 mg/kg in linseed oil and 2 ml/kg for three days. Ampicillin was administered intramuscularly at the rate of 100 mg/kg/bid for six days. Treatment was started two days after the onset of symptoms (experiment 1) and immediately after detection of the first death (experiment 2). Results. Experiment 1: all hamsters from the groups AMP and AMP-TAL survived (n=8), while all hamsters from groups NONE (n=6) and TAL (n=8) died. The AMP and the AMP-TAL groups showed no renal, lung or liver pathology and absent or very low leptospiral burden in target organs. Experiment 2: lethal outcome was observed in 6/6 hamsters in the NONE group, 8/8 in the TAL group, and 6/8 in the AMP group and the AMP-TAL group. Thalidomide showed no survival benefit when compared to hamsters treated with ampicillin alone. The TAL group, however, had a longer interval between infection and death when compared to the NONE group. Treated animals had a higher frequency of liver plate disarray. The TAL, AMP and AMP-TAL groups had very low tissue leptospiral counts. Conclusion: This study may open new perspectives to assist the development of a delayed treatment in leptospirosis, however it was observed that thalidomide used as adjuvant therapy had no impact on the survival of hamsters as late onset of antimicrobial therapy model.
Cunha, Carlos Eduardo Pouey da. "Caracterização fenotípica e sequenciamento do genoma de Leptospira kirschneri isolada de caso clínico humano". Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 2014. http://repositorio.ufpel.edu.br:8080/handle/prefix/3729.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
A leptospirose é uma zoonose negligenciada difundida mundialmente com mais de 800.000 casos em humanos por ano. A doença é causada por espiroquetas patogênicas do gênero Leptospira, classificadas em 10 espécies e mais de 260 sorovares, agrupados em mais de 30 sorogrupos. As principais espécies responsáveis por casos de leptospirose humana são L. interrogans, L. borgpetersenii e L. kirschneri. No Brasil, onde os climas tropical e subtropical favorecem a disseminação da doença, a maioria dos casos é causada por L. interrogans sorogrupo Icterohaemorrhagiae. Apesar de Pelotas apresentar um clima temperado, a taxa de infecções por Leptospira (10 casos por 100 mil habitantes) é superior a regiões com climas tropical e subtropical (3.5 casos por 100 mil habitantes). Trabalhos de vigilância em leptospirose desempenham papel fundamental no combate à doença identificado espécies e sorovares endêmicos a determinada região. Este trabalho descreve o isolamento e caracterização de uma cepa de Leptospira de uma paciente da zona rural de Pelotas que relatou contato com coleções hídricas, bovinos, caninos e roedores, e apresentou sintomas clássicos da fase aguda da doença. O isolado foi caracterizado como L. kirschneri sorogrupo Pomona sorovar Mozdok, conforme determinado por multilocus sequence typing (MLST). O genoma do isolado possui 3.398 sequencias codificadoras, 39 tRNAs, 1 região codificadora de rRNA e conteúdo G+C de 34,6%. O cromossomo I tem 3.738.643 pares de base, e o segundo, 335.634, totalizando 4,07 Mb. Imunofluorescência indireta mostrou a expressão dos fatores de virulência LipL32, LigA e LigB. O isolado foi capaz de causar danos severos aos tecidos renal, hepático e pulmonar, como revelado por histopatologia e a presença de leptospiras nesses tecidos confirmada pela técnica de imprint. Este é o primeiro relato de isolamento de L. kirschneri sorovar Mozdok de caso clínico humano no Hemisfério Sul, de acordo com a literatura disponível. Os resultados aqui apresentados são de grande importância epidemiológica, bem como para o desenvolvimento de novas vacinas e testes rápidos de diagnóstico.
Leptospirosis is a neglected zoonosis spread worldwide with more than 800,000 human cases each year. The disease is caused by pathogenic members of the genus Leptospira, which is classified in 10 species and more than 260 serovars, grouped in more than 30 serogroups. The main species associated with human cases of leptospirosis are L. interrogans, L. borgpetersenii and L. kirschneri. L. interrogans serogroup Icterohaemorrhagiae causes the majority of human leptospirosis cases in Brazil, where the tropical and subtropical climates favour the spread of the disease. Even though the climate in Pelotas is temperate, Leptospira infection rates (10 cases per 100 thousand inhabitants) are higher than other regions with tropical and subtropical climates (3.5 cases per 100 thousand inhabitants). Leptospirosis surveillance studies play a vital role against the disease through the identification of endemic species and sorovars to a given region. This work describes the characterization of a Leptospira strain isolated from an inhabitant of the rural area of Pelotas. The patient reported contact with water, cattle, dogs and rodents and presented classical symptomatology for leptospirosis. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) determined the isolate to be a L. kirschneri serogroup Pomona serovar Mozdok. The genome of the isolate includes of 3,398 coding sequences, 39 tRNAs, 1 rRNA coding region and 34.6% G+C content. Chromosome I has 3,738,643 base pairs, and chromosome II has 335,634 base pairs, totalizing 4.07 Mb. Indirect immunofluorescence showed the expression of LigA and LigB virulence factors as well as the LipL32 protein. The isolate was capable of causing severe renal, hepatic and lung damage, as revealed by histopathological analysis and the presence of leptospiras in these tissues was confirmed by the imprint technique. This is the first report of isolation of L. kirschneri serovar Mozdok from a human patient in the Southern Hemisphere, according to the literature. Results presented herein are important for epidemiologic studies, as well as for the development of new vaccines and rapid diagnosis tests.
Forno, Cuyutupa Giulianna Luisa. "La Práctica veterinaria con caninos domésticos como factor de riesgo para la presentación de infecciones por Leptospira sp entre el personal laboral de clínicas y consultorios veterinarios". Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2010. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/675.
Testo completo--- The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of seroreactors against Leptospira sp. and to quantify the risk of infection in professionals who work in direct contact with canine and the professionals who do not have direct contact with these animals in veterinary offices or small animal clinics. Serum samples were taken from 287 professionals who were assessed for the presence of antibodies against Leptospira sp. by the Microagglutination Test. The 9.1 % (13/143) of exposed professionals and 0.7% (1/144) of unexposed professionals had positive serology to Leptospira sp. The reactive serovars were varillal, panama and ballum in the exposed; and australis, copenhageni and wolfii in the unexposed. The exposition for veterinary practice had a Odds Ratio of 13.31 (IC 95%:1.43 - 124.08); and too the presence of rodents in home had a Odds Ratio of 8.70 (IC 95%:1.83 – 41.26), being statistically difference for both factors of risk. Keywords: Leptospira sp., seroreactors, veterinary offices or small animal clinics
Tesis
Miotto, Bruno Alonso. "Study of urinary shedding and identification of chronic carriers of pathogenic leptospires in dogs kept in public or private animal shelters of metropolitan São Paulo area". Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10136/tde-20032017-122316/.
Testo completoA leptospirose é uma doença zoonótica de importância global causada por espécies patogênicas do gênero Leptospira. Cães são hospedeiros de manutenção de leptospiras patogênicas e podem atuar como potenciais fontes de infecção da doença. A identificação de tais indivíduos e a caracterização de leptospiras envolvidas na infecção crônica podem ajudar a compreender o papel dos cães na epidemiologia da doença tanto em ambientes rurais quanto urbanos. O presente trabalho descreve a identificação de cães errantes e mantidos em abrigos coletivos com eliminação assintomática de leptospiras patogênicas, além de descrever também a caracterização das diferentes estirpes obtidas de cães cronicamente infectados. Amostras de sangue e urina foram coletadas de 3 populações distintas: (I) 92 cães mantidos em um abrigo coletivo localizado dentro da Universidade de São Paulo; (II) sete cães errantes capturados dentro do campus da Universidade de São Paulo; e (III) 24 cães mantidos em um abrigo coletivo localizado na cidade de Mogi das Cruzes. Cães identificados como leptospirúricos por técnicas moleculares (PCR) foram prospectivamente avaliados para confirmar a persistência da eliminação bacteriana e para obter isolamento da cepa infectante e sua subsequente caracterização. A amplificação de fragmentos dos genes 16S rRNA e lipL32 permitiu a identificação de 10 cães (10,87%) leptospirúricos na população I. Dois dos 10 cães haviam sido recentemente admitidos no local, e outro cão foi adotado logo após apresentar grandes quantidades de leptospiras na urina. A avaliação prospectiva de nove animais leptospirúricos permitiu a caracterização da infecção crônica e assintomática em dois cães, o que possibilitou o isolamento de leptospiras de ambos os animais. As cepas foram tipificadas pelas técnicas de MLST e sorogrupagem, caracterizando duas cepas distintas, sendo elas L. interrogans sorogrupo Canicola e L. santarosai sorogrupo Sejroe. Dois cães leptospirúricos (28,5%) foram identificados na população II pela amplificação por PCR dos genes 16S rRNA e secY; um deles apresentou eliminação persistente de L. interrogans, no entanto não foi possível o isolamento do patógeno. O outro cão leptospirúrico não pôde ser reavaliado, entretanto a análise filogenética permitiu identificar infecção causada por L. santarosai. Apenas um cão da população III (4,1%) apresentou eliminação de leptospiras na urina, que foi confirmada pela amplificação de fragmento dos genes 16S rRNA e secY; o cão não pôde ser reavaliado, no entanto a análise filogenética dos fragmentos amplificados confirmou infecção causada por L. santarosai. Os resultados indicam o primeiro registro de infecção causada por L. santarosai em cães. A ocorrência da infecção assintomática causada por essa espécie nas três populações avaliadas indica um possível papel dos cães na cadeia de transmissão desse patógeno em centros urbanos, além de demonstrar que cães podem se tornar portadores de diferentes espécies de leptospiras. Os resultados sugerem uma possível distinção genotípica de cepas de L. santarosai mantidas por cães quando comparadas com estirpes desta espécie isoladas de outros hospedeiros. O presente estudo também foi capaz de demonstrar que cães leptospirúricos podem ser inadvertidamente admitidos ou adotados em abrigos coletivos, aumentando potencialmente os riscos de transmissão ocupacional e zoonótica da doença.
Rossini, Amanda Diaz. "Caracterização de uma proteína de Leptospira interrogans e avaliação do seu envolvimento na relação patógeno-hospedeiro". Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/87/87131/tde-15062018-101521/.
Testo completoPathogenic bacteria of genus Leptospira are the causative agent of leptospirosis, a disease of global importance. Pathogenic leptospires cause infection in a broad spectrum of animals and humans. Pathogenic leptospires can efficiently invade the human body through skin and mucosa and promptly spread into blood vessels, reaching target organs. Bacterial invasiveness depends on several steps, such as adherence, invasion and throughout host tissues. Recently, our group has identified outer membrane proteins that act as leptospiral adhesins and/or receptors of host plasma components, which could contribute for bacterial pathogenesis. This project aims to evaluate the functional properties of the gene LIC10920, identified in the genome sequence of Leptospira interrogans serovar Copenhageni, as a predicted outer membrane protein of unknown function. The LIC10920 sequence was amplified by PCR, cloned into the expression vector pAE. Plasmids containing cloned DNA were introduced in E. coli strains for protein expression. The recombinant protein was purified by the metal affinity chromatography and its structural integrity was assessed by circular dichroism spectroscopy. Mice were subcutaneously immunized with LIC10920 for immunogenicity evaluation. The presence of IgG against LIC10920 in confirmed leptospirosis human serum samples was evaluated by ELISA. Binding of protein with extracellular matrix or plasma components was also assessed. Sera from immunized animals show that the rLIC10920 protein is capable to stimulate antibody immune response in mice. In addition, the protein is recognized by antibodies in leptospirosis human serum samples. The recombinant protein was capable of binding plasminogen and laminin. Dose-dependent and saturable binding was observed when increasing concentrations of the rLIC10920 were allowed adhere to a fixed concentration of plasminogen or of laminin, fulfilling the receptor-ligand interactions. In both cases, the participation of the immunogenic regions occurs, but in the case of laminin, the dependence is greater with structured epitopes. It has been shown that plasminogen linked to rLIC10920 can be converted to plasmin in the presence of activator. The recombinant protein was able to capture the plasminogen directly from normal human serum in a dose-dependent manner, suggesting the involvement of native protein in host-pathogen interactions. The protein under study is expressed during the infection and due to its capacity of interaction with host components, we may anticipate its role in leptospiral pathogenesis.
Teixeira, Aline Rodrigues Florencio. "Avaliação e caracterização de candidatos vacinais voltados para o controle da leptospirose". Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/87/87131/tde-25082016-100745/.
Testo completoLeptospirosis is a systemic disease caused by pathogenic bacteria of genus Leptospira. The development of new strategies to prevent the disease is needed. Vaccines emerge as strong candidates to fight the problem.Currently research has focused to identify conserved antigens This project selected three hypothetical proteins of L. interrogans. Thesecoding sequences were characterized for their possible role in pathogenesis and their potential to protect animals against challenge with virulent leptospires. Genes were amplified by PCR and cloned into the expression vector pAE. The recombinant proteins were purified by metal affinity chromatography and were recognized by confirmed human leptospirosis serum samples.LIC13479 and LIC10050 proteins were able to bind with laminin, plasminogen and plasma fibronectin. The coding sequence LIC10537 was cloned in two fragments. Fragment 2was able to interact with plasminogen. All proteins were able to generate active plasmin. The recombinant proteins were able of inducing an immune response. Evaluation of immunoprotection in leptospirosis hamster model followed by challenge with virulent bacteria showed that the recombinant proteins conferred partial protection.
Moreno, Luisa Zanolli. "Caracterização e análise comparativa de genomas de estirpes de Leptospira isoladas no Brasil". Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10134/tde-03082017-155135/.
Testo completoThe present study aimed to characterize the genome of Leptospira strains isolated in Brazil and to perform their comparative analysis with GenBank available genomes. 17 strains isolated from distinct species, in different regions of Brazil, from 1998 to 2012 were characterized. These were previously typified through 16S rRNA sequencing and microscopic agglutination into six species (L. interrogans, L. santarosai, L. inadai, L. kirschneri, L. borgpetersenii and L. noguchii) and over eight serogroups. Illumina™ MiSeq sequencing and genome assembly with ab initio algorithm were performed. For ordering and annotation, reference genomes of the respective species were used. The in silico analysis of Multilocus Sequencing Typing (MLST) was performed for the three current Leptospira protocols. The comparative genomic analysis, including wgSNP, was performed intra-species evaluating the existing variations between the serogroups of the studied Leptospira species. The L. interrogans strains presented MLST results congruent with their previous identification. In the case of L. kirschneri, only one strain presented new alleles in the three MLST protocols and distanced itself from the other Brazilian L. kirschneri strains. The L. santarosai strains, as well as L. borgpetersenii and L. noguchii, presented new alleles and/or allelic profiles for at least two of the current MLST protocols, and still stand out in a separate group of Brazilian origin. Even though the L. interrogans genomes presented high identity and synteny with serovar Copenhageni reference, they also presented regions of difference between the respective serogroups. Serogroups Australis and Serjoe genomes stood out for having insertions and deletions, respectively, mainly in chromosome 2. The L. borgpetersenii genome also presented great variation of composition, as expected for the species, which is provided by insertion sequences and transposition of mobile elements. The serogroups Canicola and Pomona presented higher proximity in the wgSNP analysis. Two plasmids were also identified in the serogroup Canicola genomes with high identity to the plasmids described in the Chinese strain of the same serovar. In the L. kirschneri species, the strain 47 (M36/05) presented high identity and synteny with the serovar Mozdok genomes, as expected, including the Brazilian strain of human origin. The strain 55 (M110/06) differed from other L. kirschneri genomes in both MLST and wgSNP. The Brazilian L. inadai genome presented high identity to the American reference of human origin including the presence of bacteriophage specific for the species. The distinction of the Brazilian L. santarosai strains in the MLST was also evidenced in the comparative analysis and in the wgSNP, and the strain 68 (M52 / 8-19), which showed no reactivity to the tested serogroups, also differs from the others reaffirming the possibility of a new serogroup/serovar. Therefore, the genomic study allowed the identification of particularities of Brazilian Leptospira strains, including the existence of extrachromosomal elements, proximity to strains of human origin indicating a greater risk for public health, in addition to the possibility of a new L. santarosai serogroup.