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Flanagan, Sean P., Joo-Eun Song, Man-Ying Wang, Gail A. Greendale, Stanley P. Azen e George J. Salem. "Biomechanics of the Heel-Raise Exercise". Journal of Aging and Physical Activity 13, n. 2 (aprile 2005): 160–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/japa.13.2.160.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The purpose of this investigation was to determine whether increases in internal (muscular) demand would be proportional to increases in the external demand during heel-raise exercise. Seven male (mean age 74.9 ± 4.8 years) and 9 female (mean age 74.4 ± 5.1 years) older adults performed both double-leg heel raises and single-leg heel raises under 3 loading conditions (no external resistance and +5% and +10% of each participant’s body weight). Kinematic and kinetic dependent variables were calculated using standard inverse-dynamics techniques. The results suggest that although the single-heel raise led to increases in peak net joint moments, power, and mechanical-energy expenditure (MEE), it did so at the expense of range of motion and angular velocity. In addition, increasing the external resistance by 5% of participants’ body weight did not elicit significant changes in either the power or the MEE of the ankle joint. These effects should be considered when prescribing these exercises to older adults.
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Mullaney, Michael, Timothy F. Tyler, Malachy McHugh, Karl Orishimo, Ian Kremenic, Jessica Caggiano e Abi Ramsey. "Electromyographic Analysis of the Triceps Surae Muscle Complex During Achilles Tendon Rehabilitation Program Exercises". Sports Health: A Multidisciplinary Approach 3, n. 6 (16 settembre 2011): 543–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1941738111416911.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Background: Specific guidelines for therapeutic exercises following an Achilles tendon repair are lacking. Hypothesis: A hierarchical progression of triceps surae exercises can be determined on the basis of electromyographic (EMG) activity. Study Design: Randomized laboratory trial. Methods: Bipolar surface electrodes were applied over the medial and lateral heads of the gastrocnemius as well as the soleus on 20 healthy lower extremities (10 participants, 27 ± 5 years old). Muscle activity was recorded during 8 therapeutic exercises commonly used following an Achilles repair. Maximal voluntary isometric contractions (MVICs) were also performed on an isokinetic device. The effect of exercise on EMG activity (% MVIC) was assessed using repeated measures analysis of variance with Bonferroni corrections for planned pairwise comparisons. Results: Seated toe raises (11% MVIC) had the least amount of activity compared with all other exercises ( P < 0.01), followed by single-leg balance on wobble board (25% MVIC), prone ankle pumps (38% MVIC), supine plantarflexion with red elastic resistance (45% MVIC), normal gait (47% MVIC), lateral step-ups (60% MVIC), single-leg heel raises (112% MVIC), and single-leg jumping (129% MVIC). Conclusion: There is an increasing progression of EMG activity for exercises that target the triceps surae muscle complex during common exercises prescribed in an Achilles tendon rehabilitation program. Seated toe raises offer relatively low EMG activity and can be utilized as an early rehabilitative exercise. In contrast, the single-leg heel raise and single-leg jumping should be utilized only during later-stage rehabilitation. Clinical Relevance: EMG activity in the triceps surae is variable with common rehab exercises.
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Ganderton, Charlotte, Michael Henry, Andrew Walker, Paul McGinley e Evert Verhagen. "Implementation of Calf Endurance Training in a Touring Group of Professional Circus Performers: A Feasibility Study". Medical Problems of Performing Artists 36, n. 1 (1 marzo 2021): 54–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.21091/mppa.2021.1008.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
BACKGROUND: Demanding performance schedules in modern professional circus can result in less time for injury rehabilitation and strength and conditioning for injury prevention. Lower limb injuries are a common injury presentation in Cirque du Soleil touring show performers. OBJECTIVE: To examine the feasibility of introducing a calf raise exercise program in an established professional touring circus show over a 9-week period. METHODS: Twenty-nine professional Cirque du Soleil circus performers were recruited (mean age 31.28 [SD 4.99] yrs). Performers completed the Oslo Sports Trauma Research Centre Overuse (OSTRC) questionnaire each week for 18 weeks. In the second 9-week period, performers completed one set of single-leg calf raises to fatigue on each limb, once per day, every workday. Health problems between each 9-week period were compared. Feasibility was measured via program adherence and an end-of-study survey. Calf endurance was assessed by measuring the number of single leg calf raises to fatigue. RESULTS: Adherence was high throughout the program, with 93.5% of all exercise sessions completed. Endurance increased by a mean of 22.62 (SD 27.99) calf raises. No significant changes in the prevalence of self-reported soreness and injury were found: 51.9 (95%CI 44.4, 57.5) of the population reported lower limb injuries during the pre-intervention period and 52.5 (95%CI 49.2, 55.8) during the intervention. Similarly, no significant changes were found in severity scores: 20.7 (95%CI 17.7, 23.7) pre-intervention and 20.9 (95%CI 19.4, 22.4) during intervention. CONCLUSION: A single-leg calf raise exercise program can be feasibly introduced into a touring, performing professional circus show without increasing injury numbers or self-reported soreness. Furthermore, gains in calf raise endurance can be obtained during a 9-week intervention period.
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Rosario, Martin G., Alexandre Costet e Logan Berlof. "The Influence of Energy Drinks on Lower Limb Muscle Fatigue and Recovery in Healthy Young Adults". Journal of Sports Research 9, n. 2 (5 ottobre 2022): 101–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.18488/90.v9i2.3153.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Many studies have researched the influences of energy drinks (Edrinks) on the central nervous system, balance, and neuromuscular control. Understanding the neuromuscular adaptations that occur after drinking Celsius Edrinks on muscle fatigue and balance can be helpful when advising the use of Edrinks during physical activity. This study aims to understand the impact Celsius Edrinks has on neuromuscular adaptations in lower limb musculature during muscle fatigue, and balance in young, healthy adults. Two males and eighteen females were recruited for this study. The tibialis anterior, gastrocnemius, and Gluteus Medius neuromuscular data were captured with surface EMG electrodes. The number of single-leg heel raises repetitions and time to fatigue were recorded. Subjects were asked to perform single-leg heel raises to fatigue and single-leg balance activities pre-energy drink consumption, and the same tasks were repeated on the opposite not tested limb (post Edrinks consumption) to equate data points. Neuromuscular timing data suggested modifications on leg musculature. Although not significant, the amount of single-leg heel raises performed pre, and post-drink intake increased post-energy drink consumption. We infer that the ingredients in Celsius energy drinks, including caffeine, Taurine, and Guarana, alter nerve conduction velocity in lower limb musculature during exercise and balance activities. Future studies should research the influence of Celsius energy drinks in different scenarios and populations.
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Mas’ud, Endang Mien, Hasbiah Hasbiah e Hendrik Padang. "The Effect of Straight Leg Raise Exercise with Static Bicycles on Increasing Quadriceps Muscle Strength in Knee Osteoarthritis Patients". Health Notions 5, n. 4 (3 marzo 2021): 129–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.33846/hn50404.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Knee osteoarthritis is a degenerative disease characterized by pain and limited motion of the joints resulting in muscle weakness. Late consequences can lead to limited motion and shortening of intra and extra joint components. This study aimed to analyze the effect of straight leg raise and static bicycles on the increase in quadriceps muscle strength in patients with knee osteoarthritis. This study was an experimental study with a two-group pretest-posttest design. The research was conducted at the Salewangan Maros Hospital. The population was knee joint osteoarthritis patients aged 40-60 years and experienced quadriceps muscle weakness. The sample met the inclusion criteria obtained by simple random sampling technique so that sample size was 28 subjects, then randomized into two treatment groups, each of 14 subjects. The research data was the strength of the quadriceps muscles using manual muscle testing which was done twice, namely before and after the straight leg raise exercise with a static bicycle. Because the data distribution were not normal, the nonparametric analysis was used. The results of the Wilcoxon test analysis showed that there was a significant effect of giving straight leg raise (p = 0.002) and static bicycles (p = 0.005) training on increasing quadriceps muscle strength. The results of the Mann-Whitney test showed no significant differences between groups on the increase in quadriceps muscle strength (p = 0.481). The results showed that straight leg raises and static bicycles increased muscle strength and there was no difference between the two exercises.
Keywords: knee osteoarthritis; exercise; muscle strength, static bicycle; straight leg raise
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Heinig, Birgit, Torello Lotti, Georgi Tchernev e Uwe Wollina. "Hereditary Lymphedema of the Leg – A Case Report". Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 5, n. 4 (19 luglio 2017): 451–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2017.082.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Primary of hereditary lymphedema is a rare but progressive disease. It is yet not curable. We present a 48-year-old male patient with hereditary lymphedema of his left leg, that was realised by minor trauma (able twist) when he was seven years old. He had never been treated for lymphedema but experienced multiple erysipelas during his life. After diagnostic procedures to exclude other causes of leg swelling, the diagnosis of hereditary lymphedema of the leg, stage III was confirmed. We initialized complex decongestive therapy. During two weeks of intensive treatment, the circumference of the left leg could be reduced by 10 cm. This case illustrates the "natural course" hereditary lymphedema. But it raises the hope that even after decades of ignorance, the patients benefits from complex decongestive treatment. Therapeutic nihilism is unnecessary and poses lymphedema patients to risks of infection and secondary malignancies like Stewart-Trewes syndrome.
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Miyamoto, Wataru, Shinji Imade, Ken Innami, Hirotaka Kawano e Masato Takao. "Acute Achilles Tendon Rupture Treated by Double Side-Locking Loop Suture Technique With Early Rehabilitation". Foot & Ankle International 38, n. 2 (11 ottobre 2016): 167–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1071100716673589.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Background: Although early accelerated rehabilitation is recommended for the treatment of acute Achilles tendon rupture, most traditional rehabilitation techniques require some type of brace. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 44 feet of 44 patients (25 male and 19 female) with a mean age of 31.8 years who had an acute Achilles tendon rupture related to athletic activity. Patients had been treated by a double side-locking loop suture (SLLS) technique using double antislip knots between stumps and had undergone early accelerated rehabilitation, including active and passive range of motion exercises on the day following the operation and full weight-bearing at 4 weeks. No brace was applied postoperatively. The evaluation criteria included the American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society Ankle-Hindfoot Scale (AOFAS) score; active plantar flexion and dorsiflexion angles; and the intervals between surgery and the time when patients could walk normally without any support, perform double-leg heel raises, and perform 20 continuous single-leg heel raises of the operated foot. Results: Despite postoperative early accelerated rehabilitation, the AOFAS score and active dorsiflexion angles improved over time (6, 12, and 24 weeks and 2 years). A mean of 4.3 ± 0.6 weeks was required for patients to be able to walk normally without any support. The mean period to perform double-leg heel raises and 20 continuous single-leg heel raises of the injured foot was 8.0 ± 1.3 weeks and 10.9 ± 2.1 weeks, respectively. All patients, except one who was engaged in classical ballet, could return to their preinjury level of athletic activities, and the interval between operation and return to athletic activities was 17.1 ± 3.7 weeks. Conclusion: The double SLLS technique with double antislip knots between stumps adjusted the tension of the sutured Achilles tendon at the ideal ankle position and provided good clinical outcomes following accelerated rehabilitation after surgery without the use of a brace. Level of Evidence: Level IV, retrospective case series.
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Gentil, Paulo, Daniel Souza, Murillo Santana, Rafael Ribeiro Alves, Mário Hebling Campos, Ronei Pinto e Martim Bottaro. "Multi- and Single-Joint Resistance Exercises Promote Similar Plantar Flexor Activation in Resistance Trained Men". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, n. 24 (18 dicembre 2020): 9487. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17249487.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The present study aimed to compare soleus, lateral, and medial gastrocnemius muscles activation during leg press and calf raise exercises in trained men. The study involved 22 trained men (27.1 ± 3.6 years, 82.7 ± 6.6 kg, 177.5 ± 5.2 cm, 3.6 ± 1.4 experience years) who performed one set of each exercise using a 10-repetition maximum (10RM) load in a counterbalanced randomized order and separated by 10 min of rest. The electromyographic signal was measured for the three major plantar flexors: soleus, medial, and lateral gastrocnemius. A comparison between exercises showed that the mean adjusted by peak values during the leg press were 49.20% for the gastrocnemius lateralis, 51.31% for the gastrocnemius medialis, and 50.76% for the soleus. Values for calf raise were 50.70%, 52.19%, and 51.34% for the lateral, medial gastrocnemius, and soleus, respectively. There were no significant differences between exercises for any muscle (lateral gastrocnemius (p = 0.230), medial gastrocnemius (p = 0.668), and soleus (p = 0.535)). The present findings suggest that both leg press and calf raises can be used with the purpose to recruit triceps surae muscles. This bring the suggestion that one can chose between exercises based on personal preferences and practical aspects, without any negative impact on muscle activation.
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Gibbons, Timothy J., e Marie-Louise Bird. "Exercising on Different Unstable Surfaces Increases Core Abdominal Muscle Thickness: An Observational Study Using Real-Time Ultrasound". Journal of Sport Rehabilitation 28, n. 8 (1 novembre 2019): 803–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsr.2017-0385.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Background: The training of abdominal muscles has a positive impact on the functional capacity of healthy adults, being applied practically in fields of athletics and fitness through rehabilitation for lower back pain. Objective: The study compares abdominal muscle activity while performing graded isometric exercises on stable and unstable surfaces. The authors also examined perceived stability and comfort for the different surfaces. Methods: A total of 30 young, healthy adults performed 3 graded isometric exercises on a Pilates table, foam roller, and Oov (a newly developed tool). Ultrasound investigation measured transversus abdominis, internal oblique abdominis, and external oblique abdominis thickness during each task, comparing muscle thickness between conditions using general linear modeling. Results: Core abdominal activation was greater on the foam roller than the Oov and Pilates table during crook lying (bilateral leg support). Both Oov and foam roller elicited greater contralateral transversus abdominis and internal oblique abdominis thickness than the Pilates table during tabletop and straight leg raises (unilateral leg exercises). For transversus abdominis only, the foam roller elicited more muscle thickness than the Oov during straight leg raises. The Oov was rated more comfortable than the foam roller. Discussion: Exercises performed on the Oov and foam roller elicit core greater abdominal muscle thickness than those performed on a Pilates table. Unilateral leg exercises in a supine position elicit more contralateral muscle thickness than those with bilateral leg support. Conclusions: These results provide information to support choices in exercise progression from flat stable to more unstable surfaces and from those with bilateral foot support to unilateral foot support. The Oov was more comfortable that the foam roller, and this may help with exercise adherence.
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Dumais-Lévesque, G., e S. Pham Thi-Desmarteau. "Giving a leg up part 2: the ethical challenges of Body Integrity Dysphoria". European Psychiatry 65, S1 (giugno 2022): S100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.287.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Introduction Body Integrity Dysphoria (BID) is a diagnosis, newly described in ICD-11, “characterised by an intense and persistent desire to become physically disabled in a significant way… accompanied by persistent discomfort, or intense feelings of inappropriateness concerning current non-disabled body configuration”. Patients with BID may request the amputation of healthy limbs but this raises multiple ethical challenges. Objectives By the end of the presentation, participants 1) will better understand the new diagnosis of Body Integrity Dysphoria; 2) will be able to have some landmarks to evaluate and manage this rare condition 3) will discern the ethical challenges raised by an elective or emergent amputation request. Methods We present a complex case we faced in Quebec City, Canada. A young adult admitted to the intensive care and burn unit was referred to our Consultation Liaison (CL) team. For the second time in a year, the individual deliberately burned his leg, with the intention of having an amputation. Based on the available literature and our experience, we explore the ethical aspects of this case. Results For this situation, the multidisciplinary team faced uncertainty and ambivalence toward the best treatment options. Deontological concerns and ethical issues emerged from the patient’s request for amputation. Conclusions We outline how ethical concepts helped us to gain a shared comprehension of the patient’s extraordinary request, both during treatment and afterwards. Disclosure No significant relationships.
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Hasbiah, Nurhikmawaty, Andi Rahmaniar Suciani P, Nurul Hidayah Akhmad e Aco Tang. "The Effect of Bridging Exercise and Heel Rises Exercise on Balance Post Stroke in Makassar City". COMPETITOR: Jurnal Pendidikan Kepelatihan Olahraga 15, n. 2 (23 giugno 2023): 232. http://dx.doi.org/10.26858/cjpko.v15i2.46634.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Post-stroke sensory motor disorders will also result in disturbances in the sensory and motor components which cause disturbances in the posture control system so that it is unable to maintain body balance in certain positions. One of the rehabilitation programs that are often used to restore function due to motor deficits is Bridging Exercise and Heel Raises Exercise. Bridging exercise is an exercise to strengthen and stabilize the gluteus, hip and lower back. This exercise is a great way to isolate and strengthen the gluteus and hamstring (back of the upper leg) muscles. Heel raises exercise is an exercise to strengthen the leg muscles, especially the gastrocnemius muscles and plantar flexion muscles which can have effects on the nerves and skeleton. From this stimulation, when it reaches proprioception, the body will maintain balance. The method used is a quasy experiment with a pretest-posttest two-group design. And it was found that the results of this study showed that there was an effect of bridging exercise 0.001 (p<0.05) and heel raises exercise 0.002 (p<0.05) in improving the balance of post-stroke patients. So it can be concluded that the two exercises can improve the balance of post-stroke patients.
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Lehman, Gregory J., e Stuart M. McGill. "Quantification of the Differences in Electromyographic Activity Magnitude Between the Upper and Lower Portions of the Rectus Abdominis Muscle During Selected Trunk Exercises". Physical Therapy 81, n. 5 (1 maggio 2001): 1096–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ptj/81.5.1096.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract Background and Purpose. Controversy exists around exercises and clinical tests that attempt to differentially activate the upper or lower portions of the rectus abdominis muscle. The purpose of this study was to assess the activation of the upper and lower portions of the rectus abdominis muscle during a variety of abdominal muscle contractions. Subjects. Subjects (N=11) were selected from a university population for athletic ability and low subcutaneous fat to optimize electromyographic (EMG) signal collection. Methods. Controlling for spine curvature, range of motion, and posture (and, therefore, muscle length), EMG activity of the external oblique muscle and upper and lower portions of rectus abdominis muscle was measured during the isometric portion of curl-ups, abdominal muscle lifts, leg raises, and restricted or attempted leg raises and curl-ups. A one-way repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to test for differences in activity between exercises in the external oblique and rectus abdominis muscles as well as between the portions of the rectus abdominis muscle. Results. No differences in muscle activity were found between the upper and lower portions of the rectus abdominis muscle within and between exercises. External oblique muscle activity, however, showed differences between exercises. Discussion and Conclusion. Normalizing the EMG signal led the authors to believe that the differences between the portions of the rectus abdominis muscle are small and may lack clinical or therapeutic relevance.
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Foell, Jens. "Acupuncture as Add-On Treatment in the Management of a Patient with Ecthyma Gangrenosum". Acupuncture in Medicine 30, n. 1 (marzo 2012): 60–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/acupmed-2012-010135.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Acupuncture is believed to have a positive effect on wound healing. A case is presented in which the healing of a leg ulcer which proved to be difficult to treat coincided with the added treatment modality of needling healthy tissue surrounding the lesion. It raises questions about the potential effect of local dry needling on tissue regeneration.
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Daşkapan, Arzu. "Comparison of Mini-squats and Straight Leg Raises in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial". Turkish Journal of Rheumatology 28, n. 1 (25 marzo 2013): 16–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5606/tjr.2013.2392.
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Lopez, S. L., D. Falk, E. Dennis, D. Van Gammeren, S. Bajpeyi e R. L. Seip. "JUMPING INTERVENTION RAISES LEG PEAK FORCE AND DYNAMIC STRENGTH WITHIN THREE MONTHS IN 4TH AND 5TH GRADE GIRLS". Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 33, n. 5 (maggio 2001): S134. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005768-200105001-00763.
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Imamura, T., e K. Tsuburaya. "Absence of Neurobehavioral Disturbance in a Focal Lesion of the Left Paracentral Lobule". Behavioural Neurology 5, n. 3 (1992): 189–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/1992/643204.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The case of a right-handed woman with an infarcation confined to the left paracentral lobule and sparing the supplementary motor area (SMA) is reported. She presented with a right leg monoplegia and displayed no mutism. The absence of any associated neurobehavioral disturbances (mutism, forced grasping, reduced spontaneous arm activity or aphasia raises the possibility that the left SMA has discrete neurobehavioral functions.
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Evans, William S., Lee Stoner, Quentin Willey, Elizabeth Kelsch, Daniel P. Credeur e Erik D. Hanson. "Local exercise does not prevent the aortic stiffening response to acute prolonged sitting: a randomized crossover trial". Journal of Applied Physiology 127, n. 3 (1 settembre 2019): 781–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00318.2019.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Prolonged sitting has been shown to promote endothelial dysfunction in the lower legs. Furthermore, it has been reported that simple sitting-interruption strategies, including calf raises, prevent leg endothelial dysfunction. However, it is unclear whether prolonged sitting affects central cardiovascular health, or whether simple sitting-interruption strategies prevent impaired central cardiovascular health. This study sought to answer two questions: in young, healthy adults 1) does prolonged sitting (3 h) lead to increased aortic stiffness, and 2) do intermittent calf raise exercises to prevent pooling prevent aortic stiffening. Twenty young, healthy participants (21.7 ± 2.5 yr, 70% female, 25.5 ± 6.1 kg/m2) were randomized to 3 h of sitting with (CALF) or without (CON) 10 calf raises every 10 min. Aortic stiffening [carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV)] was measured in the supine position pre- and post-sitting. Venous pooling during sitting was estimated with total hemoglobin (tHB) concentration using near-infrared spectroscopy. There were no condition × time interactions. Following 3 h of sitting, PWV significantly increased (0.30 ± 0.46 m/s, P < 0.001). There was no condition effect for PWV ( P = 0.694), indicating the intermittent calf rises did not preserve central cardiovascular health. tHb was not significantly affected by sitting ( P = 0.446) but was 1.9 μM higher for CON versus CALF ( P = 0.106). Sitting increases aortic stiffness in young, healthy individuals, a process that may be influenced by lower extremity blood pooling. Calf raises, which have been reported to preserve vascular function in the legs, do not appear to provide sufficient stimulus for maintaining central cardiovascular health. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Although simple strategies, such as fidgeting or calf raises, are sufficient for preserving vascular function in the legs, data from the current study indicate that such strategies are not sufficient for maintaining central cardiovascular health, which is linked to cardiovascular disease.
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LOTURCO, IRINEU, Santiago Zabaloy, Lucas A. Pereira, Tulio B. M. A. Moura, Valter P. Mercer, Victor Fernandes, Adam Zając, Aleksander Matusinski, Tomás Freitas e Chris Bishop. "Resistance Training Practices of Brazilian Olympic Sprint and Jump Coaches: Toward a Deeper Understanding of Their Choices and Insights (Part III)". Journal of Human Kinetics 90 (2 febbraio 2024): 183–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.5114/jhk/182888.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In the final part of this three-article collection on the training strategies of Brazilian Olympic sprint and jump coaches, we provide a detailed description of the resistance training methods and exercises most commonly employed by these speed experts. Always with the objective of maximizing the sprint and jump capabilities of their athletes, these experienced coaches primarily utilize variable, eccentric, concentric, machine-based, isometric, complex, and isoinertial resistance training methods in their daily practices. Squats (in their different forms), Olympic weightlifting, ballistics, hip thrusts, lunges, calf raises, core exercises, leg curls, stiff-leg deadlifts, and leg extension are the most commonly prescribed exercises in their training programs, during both the preparatory and competitive periods. Therefore, the current manuscript comprehensively describes and examines these methods, with the additional aim of extrapolating their application to other sports, especially those where sprint speed is a key performance factor.
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Lee, Sang-Yeol. "Muscle activities of the rectus abdominis and rectus femoris and their ratio during leg raises performed by healthy adults". Journal of Physical Therapy Science 27, n. 3 (2015): 549–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1589/jpts.27.549.
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Harvey, Lisa, Angela Davies Smith e Rosie Jones. "The Effect of Weighted Leg Raises on Quadriceps Strength, EMG Parameters and Functional Activities in People with Multiple Sclerosis". Physiotherapy 85, n. 3 (marzo 1999): 154–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0031-9406(05)65699-4.
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Rowell, L. B., D. G. Johnson, P. B. Chase, K. A. Comess e D. R. Seals. "Hypoxemia raises muscle sympathetic activity but not norepinephrine in resting humans". Journal of Applied Physiology 66, n. 4 (1 aprile 1989): 1736–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1989.66.4.1736.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The experimental objective was to determine whether moderate to severe hypoxemia increases skeletal muscle sympathetic nervous activity (MSNA) in resting humans without increasing venous plasma concentrations of norepinephrine (NE) and epinephrine (E). In nine healthy subjects (20–34 yr), we measured MSNA (peroneal nerve), venous plasma levels of NE and E, arterial blood pressure, heart rate, and end-tidal O2 and CO2 before (control) and during breathing of 1) 12% O2 for 20 min, 2) 10% O2 for 20 min, and 3) 8% O2 for 10 min--in random order. MSNA increased above control in five, six, and all nine subjects during 12, 10, and 8% O2, respectively (P less than 0.01), but only after delays of 12 (12% O2) and 4 min (8 and 10% O2). MSNA (total activity) rose 83 +/- 20, 260 +/- 146, and 298 +/- 109% (SE) above control by the final minute of breathing 12, 10, and 8% O2, respectively. NE did not rise above control at any level of hypoxemia; E rose slightly (P less than 0.05) at one time only with both 10 and 8% O2. Individual changes in MSNA during hypoxemia were unrelated to elevations in heart rate or decrements in blood pressure and end-tidal CO2--neither of which always fell. We conclude that in contrast to some other sympathoexcitatory stimuli such as exercise or cold stress, moderate to severe hypoxemia increases leg MSNA without raising plasma NE in resting humans.
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Rowley, KM, Danielle N. Jarvis, Toshiyuki Kurihara, Yu-Jen Chang, Abbigail L. Fietzer e Kornelia Kulig. "Toe Flexor Strength, Flexibility and Function and Flexor Hallucis Longus Tendon Morphology in Dancers and Non-Dancers". Medical Problems of Performing Artists 30, n. 3 (1 settembre 2015): 152–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.21091/mppa.2015.3029.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Tendinopathy of the flexor hallucis longus (FHL), colloquially referred to as “dancer’s tendinitis,” is a common condition in dancers and attributed to high demand on this muscle in positions of extreme ankle plantarflexion and metatarsophalangeal (MTP) flexion and extension. Despite such a high prevalence, there has been little research into preventative or nonsurgical interventions. As a means to identify potential targets for prevention and intervention, this study aimed to characterize toe flexors in dancers by measuring strength, flexibility, function, and FHL tendon morphology. Dancers (n=25) were compared to non-dancers (n=25) in toe flexor isometric strength, first MTP joint range of motion, foot longitudinal arch flexibility, balance ability, endurance during modified heel raises without use of the toes, and FHL tendon thickness, cross-sectional area, and peak spatial frequency. Significant differences were found in functional first MTP joint extension (dancers 101.95º, non-dancers 91.15º, p<0.001), balance ability during single-leg stance on the toes (dancers 11.43 s, non-dancers 5.90 s, p=0.013), and during modified heel raises (dancers 22.20 reps, non-dancers 28.80 reps, p=0.001). Findings indicate that dancers rely on toe flexors more than non-dancers to complete balance and heel raise tasks. Efficacy of using this modified heel raise task with the toes off the edge of a block as a means to train larger plantarflexors and as a nonsurgical intervention should be studied in the future. Improving interventions for FHL tendinopathy will be impactful for dancers, in whom this condition is highly prevalent.
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Nakajima, Shuro, e Eiji Nakano. "Adaptive Gait for Large Rough Terrain of a Leg-Wheel Robot (Fourth Report: Step-Over Gait)". Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 21, n. 2 (20 aprile 2009): 285–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2009.p0285.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
A leg-wheel robot has mechanically separated four legs and two wheels, and it performs high mobility and stability on rough terrains. The adaptive gait for large rough terrains of the leg-wheel robot is composed of three gait strategies. In this paper, the step-over gait, which is one part of the adaptive gait, is described. The proposed method is evaluated by simulations and experiments. The point of the flow of the step-over gait is described. When the body reaches an obstacle, it does not come to advance easily. In this case, the robot can not always understand the height of the obstacle, since its forefeet sometimes do not touch it. Therefore, the robot raises its body as possible as it can, and gets over the obstacle. After getting over it, the body is lowered until it touches the ground. The system judges whether the body touches the ground by the information on load sharing ratio of legs. This paper is the full translation from the transactions of JSME Vol.72, No.721.
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Sandrey, Michelle A., Yu-Jen Chang e Jean L. McCrory. "The Effect of Fatigue on Leg Muscle Activation and Tibial Acceleration During a Jumping Task". Journal of Sport Rehabilitation 29, n. 8 (1 novembre 2020): 1093–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsr.2018-0495.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Context: Lower-extremity stress fractures (SFx) are a common occurrence during load-bearing activities of jumping and landing. To detect biomechanical changes during jumping postinjury, a fatigue model could be used. Objective: To evaluate muscle activation in the lower leg and tibial accelerations (TAs) prefatigue to postfatigue following a jumping task in those with and without a history of SFx. Design: Repeated-measures. Setting: Athletic Training Research Lab. Participants: A total of 30 active college-aged students with and without a history of lower-extremity (leg or foot) SFx (15 males and 15 females; 21.5 [5.04] y, height = 173.5 [12.7] cm, weight = 72.65 [16.4] kg). Intervention: A maximal vertical jump on one leg 3 times with arms folded across the chest prefatigue to postfatigue was performed. Fatigue protocol was standing heel raises on a custom-built platform at a pace controlled by a metronome until task failure was reached. Legs were tested using a randomized testing order. Electromyographic (EMG) surface electrodes were placed on the medial gastrocnemius, soleus, and tibialis anterior following a standardized placement protocol. A triaxial accelerometer was attached to the proximal anteromedial surface of the tibia. Main Outcome Measures: Linear envelopes of the medial gastrocnemius, soleus, and tibialis anterior and peak accelerations (resultant acceleration takeoff and landing). Results: Significant interaction for leg × test for tibialis anterior with a posttest difference between SFx and control (P = .05). There were decreases in EMG linear envelope following fatigue for medial gastrocnemius (P < .01) and tibialis anterior (P = .12) pretest to posttest. At takeoff, TA was greater in the SFx contralateral leg in comparison with the control leg (P = .04). At landing, TA was greater in posttest (P < .01) and in the SFx leg compared with SFx contralateral (P = .14). Conclusion: A decrease in muscle activity and an increase in TA following fatigue were noted for all subjects but especially for those with a history of SFx.
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Sinoway, L. I., K. J. Wroblewski, S. A. Prophet, S. M. Ettinger, K. S. Gray, S. K. Whisler, G. Miller e R. L. Moore. "Glycogen depletion-induced lactate reductions attenuate reflex responses in exercising humans". American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 263, n. 5 (1 novembre 1992): H1499—H1505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1992.263.5.h1499.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Post leg exercise circulatory arrest (PLE-CA) raises blood pressure (BP) and reduces peak forearm vascular conductance (C). This reflex is evoked by activation of muscle afferents that are often sensitive to lactic acid. We tested the hypothesis that lactic acid reductions induced by muscle glycogen depletion would attenuate the lower-limb metaboreceptor-mediated pressor and forearm vasoconstrictor responses. Eleven subjects had C measured (plethysmography) during post leg exercise circulatory arrest (PLE-CA) (supine bicycle exercise for 9 min, 10 s at 75% VO2max before and after undergoing a glycogen-depletion paradigm (24-h fast followed by 10 min of supine leg exercise at 75% VO2max). In six subjects with lower lactate values, C during PLE-CA was higher after glycogen depletion (0.39 +/- 0.05 vs. 0.21 +/- 0.01 ml.min-1.100 ml-1 x mmHg-1; P < 0.01) and BP was lower (113 +/- 6 vs. 128 +/- 6 mmHg, P < 0.01). In five subjects without attenuated lactate responses, C and BP during PLE-CA were not different. Muscle biopsies (n = 5) demonstrated that the paradigm lowered muscle glycogen concentrations. Thus glycogen depletion-induced reductions in muscle lactate are associated with reduced muscle metaboreceptor-mediated responses.
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Sara, Lauren K., Savannah B. Gutsch e Sandra K. Hunter. "The single-leg heel raise does not predict maximal plantar flexion strength in healthy males and females". PLOS ONE 16, n. 8 (20 agosto 2021): e0253276. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0253276.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Introduction The single-leg heel raise test (SLHR) is commonly used in clinical settings to approximate plantar flexor strength, yet this is neither validated nor supported physiologically. The purposes of this study were to: determine (1) associations between SLHR repetitions, maximal plantar flexor strength, and reductions in strength; and (2) whether sex differences exist in performance of the SLHR. Methods Twenty-eight young, healthy participants (14 males,14 females, 19–30 years) performed repeated single-leg heel raises to task failure. Pre- and post-task measures included maximal voluntary isometric contractions (MVIC), and voluntary activation and contractile properties of the plantar flexor muscles, assessed using peripheral electrical stimulation of the tibial nerve. Surface electromyography was recorded for the medial and lateral gastrocnemius, soleus, and anterior tibialis muscles. Results The SLHR resulted in 20.5% reductions in MVIC torque (p<0.001). However, the number of SLHR repetitions was not correlated with either the baseline MVIC (maximal strength; p = 0.979) or the reduction in MVIC following the SLHR (p = 0.23). There were no sex differences in either the number of SLHR repetitions (p = 0.14), baseline MVIC torque (p = 0.198), or the reduction of MVIC (p = 0.14). MVIC decline was positively associated with the reduction in voluntary activation (r = 0.841, p<0.001), but was not associated with the change in twitch amplitude (p = 0.597). Conclusions The SLHR was similar in young males and females yet was a poor predictor of maximal plantar flexor strength but evaluates performance fatigability of the lower extremity specific to dynamic contractions. The reduction in maximal strength at task failure was explained by reduced neural drive to the plantar flexor muscles in both males and females. Impact statement SLHR performance is not a clinical assessment of plantar flexor strength but assesses dynamic lower extremity fatigability that is similar in males and females. Alternate clinical measures for maximal plantar flexion strength need to be developed.
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Avetisyan, Arman V., Ashot A. Chatinyan, Aspen E. Streetman e Katie M. Heinrich. "The Effectiveness of a CrossFit Training Program for Improving Physical Fitness of Young Judokas: A Pilot Study". Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology 7, n. 4 (8 ottobre 2022): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jfmk7040083.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The aim of this pilot study was to examine the effectiveness of a CrossFit-based training program to enhance the general and sport-specific physical fitness of 10–12-year-old judokas. The study was conducted between September 2021 and February 2022. The pedagogical research experiment was designed to be one complete, annual macrocycle (September–June). The current study presents mid-point data. Twenty male participants (3 years average sports experience; age = 11 ± 0.64 years) were randomly assigned to one of two groups: CrossFit-based training (experimental, n = 10) and traditional training (control, n = 10). Baseline testing was conducted by the researcher and included tests for motor skills and general physical fitness domains including Sweden wall pull-ups and leg raises, push-ups, long jump, squats, burpees, shuttle run, and forward rolls. Judo-specific tests included O Soto Gari and O Goshi throws. CrossFit-based training was implemented twice per week for 15–20 min in the experimental group after usual training. The control group completed traditional methods of physical fitness training for judokas with the same training load regarding time. Experimental group participants significantly improved on leg raises (p < 0.01), push-ups (p < 0.05), and shuttle run (p < 0.001); the control group improved their shuttle run (p < 0.001). Only the experimental group improved on the O Soto Gari (p < 0.01) and O Goshi throws (p < 0.05). Results showed that the use of CrossFit-based trainings had a positive effect on 10–12-year-old judokas’ speed-strength abilities, speed-strength endurance, and muscular strength.
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Nirody, Jasmine A. "Universal Features in Panarthropod Inter-Limb Coordination during Forward Walking". Integrative and Comparative Biology 61, n. 2 (28 giugno 2021): 710–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icb/icab097.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Synopsis Terrestrial animals must often negotiate heterogeneous, varying environments. Accordingly, their locomotive strategies must adapt to a wide range of terrain, as well as to a range of speeds to accomplish different behavioral goals. Studies in Drosophila have found that inter-leg coordination patterns (ICPs) vary smoothly with walking speed, rather than switching between distinct gaits as in vertebrates (e.g., horses transitioning between trotting and galloping). Such a continuum of stepping patterns implies that separate neural controllers are not necessary for each observed ICP. Furthermore, the spectrum of Drosophila stepping patterns includes all canonical coordination patterns observed during forward walking in insects. This raises the exciting possibility that the controller in Drosophila is common to all insects, and perhaps more generally to panarthropod walkers. Here, we survey and collate data on leg kinematics and inter-leg coordination relationships during forward walking in a range of arthropod species, as well as include data from a recent behavioral investigation into the tardigrade Hypsibius exemplaris. Using this comparative dataset, we point to several functional and morphological features that are shared among panarthropods. The goal of the framework presented in this review is to emphasize the importance of comparative functional and morphological analyses in understanding the origins and diversification of walking in Panarthropoda. Introduction
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Adamson, D. Cory, Thomas J. Cummings e Allan H. Friedman. "Myxopapillary Ependymoma and Fatty Filum in an Adult with Tethered Cord Syndrome: A Shared Embryological Lesion? Case Report". Neurosurgery 57, n. 2 (1 agosto 2005): E373. http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/01.neu.0000166690.35246.dd.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE AND IMPORTANCE: Myxopapillary ependymoma and fatty fila are traditionally thought to arise via completely different pathophysiologies. Recognition of these distinct pathologies in the same patient is important for appropriate treatment and prognosis. CLINICAL PRESENTATION: A 28-year-old woman presented with low back pain, bilateral leg radiculopathies, and mild leg weakness suggestive of tethered cord syndrome. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed lesions in the area of the conus medullaris consistent with a myxopapillary ependymoma and fatty filum. INTERVENTION: Under the surveillance of intraoperative electromyographic monitoring, the patient underwent an L4–S2 laminectomy for transection of the fatty filum and gross total resection of the mass. Histopathological examination confirmed the presence of these two distinct pathologies. CONCLUSION: We report an unusual case of a myxopapillary ependymoma coexisting with a fatty filum in an adult patient. To the best of our knowledge, this association has not yet been reported. This raises the interesting question of a possible associative or causative relationship between these distinct pathologies, which have traditionally been thought to arise from different mechanisms.
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Kyung, Sung-hyun. "Crossfit training on power, dynamic postural control, and proprioceptive sensory in ski athletes". Korean Society for Leisure Sciences 14, n. 2 (31 agosto 2023): 83–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.37408/kjls.2023.14.2.83.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 6 weeks of crossfit training on power, dynamic posture control and proprioceptive sensory in ski athletes. Twenty four subjects participated in this study and were randomly divided into two groups : exercise group (Ex=12) and control group (Con=12). The crossfit training program consisted of a Push-ups, Squat(deep), Sit-ups, 1 Leg raises on Sweden wall, Handstand push-ups, Elevated heels, Burpees and carried out three times a week for 60 minutes at 60-70% intensity for 6 weeks. The dependent varialbes sargent jump, standing long jump, dynamic posture control test and proprioceptive snesory. The results are as a follows. The sargent jump and standing long jump were significantly difference. Dynamic postural control were significantly difference in anterior, postero-medial and postero-lateral reach of the left and right leg, and significant decrease in the proprioceptive sensory on the form pad. In conclusion, 6 weeks of crossfit training have been shown to improve power, dynamic posture control and proprioceptive sensory in ski athletes.
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Malik, SS, H. Uppal, A. Sinha, SS Malik, K. Katam e K. Srinivasan. "Acute paediatric compartment syndrome of the hand caused by hereditary angiooedema". Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England 93, n. 7 (ottobre 2011): e138-e140. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/147870811x602159.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Compartment syndrome of the leg and forearm are well described in the literature. However, compartment syndrome of the hand is rare and in children it is even rarer. Atraumatic hand compartment syndrome has not to our knowledge been previously reported. We describe a case of an atraumatic compartment syndrome of the hand in a child who underwent an urgent fasciotomy. The child was diagnosed with hereditary angiooedema. We highlight a rare but serious complication of a hereditary disease not commonly seen by the surgical community. We hope that this report raises the awareness of this condition, thereby reducing delays in reaching a prompt diagnosis.
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Ullah, Saad, Shamshed Ahmed e Waleed Khan. "EFFECTS OF KINESIO TAPING INTERVENTION ON TENNIS PLAYERS' MUSCLE STRENGTH AND BALANCE WITH ANKLE INSTABILITY". Sports Sciences and Physical Education Review 2, n. 1 (30 dicembre 2023): XXXVII—L. http://dx.doi.org/10.52633/ssper.v2i1.21.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This research delves into the influence of Kinesio Taping on muscle strength and balance in forty-four tennis players grappling with ankle instability. The intervention group, subjected to Kinesio Taping, exhibited a slight uptick in isometric calf raises, hinting at a positive impact on calf muscle strength. Noteworthy trends in the single-leg squat test suggested a potential enhancement in lower limb strength, aligning with the theoretical underpinnings of Kinesio Taping. Additionally, improved balance, crucial for dynamic athletes, surfaced in both single-leg and Y-balance tests within the intervention group. Multivariate Analysis of Variance highlighted significant group disparities, emphasizing the imperative for personalized rehabilitation strategies. Despite limitations, such as a moderately sized sample, the study suggests that integrating Kinesio Taping into rehabilitation protocols may fortify muscle strength and balance, essential for on-court prowess. These findings substantially contribute to comprehending Kinesio Taping's advantages for tennis players with ankle instability, proposing avenues for future research, including extended intervention periods and qualitative inquiries into athletes' experiences. The study underscores the significance of a holistic approach to sports rehabilitation, recognizing individualized care and complementary interventions for optimal performance and injury risk mitigation in the sporting community.
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Simopoulou, Theodora, Serafim Klimopoulos, Dimitrios Sampaziotis, Apostolos Tzortziotis, Dimitrios Bogdanos e Lazaros I. Sakkas. "Inferior vena cava thrombosis as the initial presentation of IgG4-related retroperitoneal fibrosis: Case report and literature review". Journal of Scleroderma and Related Disorders 3, n. 3 (26 marzo 2018): NP1—NP6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2397198318764793.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
IgG4-related disease is an immune-mediated deposition of fibro-inflammatory tissue with IgG4-positive plasma cells and dense fibrosis in a single or multiple organs. It often raises concern for malignancy requiring biopsy for diagnosis. Presentation may vary according to organ involved. IgG4-related retroperitoneal fibrosis accounts for two-thirds of the previously considered idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis cases. In IgG4-related retroperitoneal fibrosis, computed tomography scan or magnetic resonance imaging shows periaortic soft tissue that extends from below the kidneys to iliac arteries and entrap ureters causing hydronephrosis and renal failure. We present a rare case of IgG4-related retroperitoneal fibrosis presenting with leg swelling and pain due to inferior vena cava compression and thrombosis, and we review current concepts on disease pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment.
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Bundgaard, Henning, Keld Kjeldsen, Karen Suarez Krabbe, Gerrit van Hall, Lene Simonsen, Jesper Qvist, Christian Muff Hansen et al. "Endotoxemia stimulates skeletal muscle Na+-K+-ATPase and raises blood lactate under aerobic conditions in humans". American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 284, n. 3 (1 marzo 2003): H1028—H1034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00639.2002.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
We assessed the hypothesis that the epinephrine surge present during sepsis accelerates aerobic glycolysis and lactate production by increasing activity of skeletal muscle Na+-K+-ATPase. Healthy volunteers received an intravenous bolus of endotoxin or placebo in a randomized order on two different days. Endotoxemia induced a response resembling sepsis. Endotoxemia increased plasma epinephrine to a maximum at t = 2 h of 0.7 ± 0.1 vs. 0.3 ± 0.1 nmol/l ( P < 0.05, n = 6–7). Endotoxemia reduced plasma K+reaching a nadir at t = 5 h of 3.3 ± 0.1 vs. 3.8 ± 0.1 mmol/l ( P < 0.01, n = 6–7), followed by an increase to placebo level at t = 7–8 h. During the declining plasma K+, a relative accumulation of K+was seen reaching a maximum at t = 6 h of 8.7 ± 3.8 mmol/leg ( P < 0.05). Plasma lactate increased to a maximum at t = 1 h of 2.5 ± 0.5 vs. 0.9 ± 0.1 mmol/l ( P < 0.05, n = 8) in association with increased release of lactate from the legs. These changes were not associated with hypoperfusion or hypoxia. During the first 24 h after endotoxin infusion, renal K+excretion was 27 ± 7 mmol, i.e., 58% higher than after placebo. Combination of the well-known stimulatory effect of catecholamines on skeletal muscle Na+-K+-ATPase activity, with the present confirmation of an expected Na+-K+- ATPase-induced decline in plasma K+, suggests that the increased lactate release was due to increased Na+-K+-ATPase activity, supporting our hypothesis. Thus increased lactate levels in acutely and severely ill patients should not be managed only from the point of view that it reflects hypoxia.
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Kyoung, Jun, Jennifer Caudill, Lauren Workman e Richard Simman. "Dystrophic Calcinosis Cutis Leading to a Nonhealing Wound in a Patient with Chronic Venous Insufficiency". Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery - Global Open 12, n. 2 (febbraio 2024): e5641. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/gox.0000000000005641.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Summary: The presence of bony-appearing fragments and calcifications appearing superficially in a chronic, nonhealing wound raises suspicion for osteomyelitis. When radiological imaging and tissue biopsy of the lesion return negative for osteomyelitis, however, the differentials must be widened to successfully manage and heal a chronic wound. In this report, we discuss a case of an 80-year-old morbidly obese woman with a history of chronic venous insufficiency, hereditary hemochromatosis, and squamous cell carcinoma who presented to the wound clinic with a 5-month history of a nonhealing wound with bony-appearing fragments and calcifications on her left anterior leg status postbiopsy during routine skin examination. Upon clinical correlation with laboratories and imaging, it was determined that the cause of her nonhealing wound was due to dystrophic calcinosis cutis.
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Price, Thomas B., e John C. Gore. "Effect of muscle glycogen content on exercise-induced changes in muscle T2 times". Journal of Applied Physiology 84, n. 4 (1 aprile 1998): 1178–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1998.84.4.1178.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Effects of gastrocnemius glycogen (Gly) concentration on changes in transverse relaxation time (T2; ms) were studied after 5-min plantar flexion at 25% of maximum voluntary contraction (MVC). Gastrocnemius Gly, phosphorus metabolites, and T2 were measured in seven subjects by using interleaved13C/31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) at 4.7 T and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI; 1.5 T). After baseline MRS/MRI, subjects exercised for 5 min at 25% of MVC and were reexamined (MRS/MRI). Subjects then performed ∼15 min of single-leg toe raises (50 ± 2% of MVC), depleting gastrocnemius Gly by 43%. After a 1-h rest (for T2 return to baseline), subjects repeated the 5-min protocol, followed by a final MRI/MRS. After the initial 5-min protocol, T2 values increased by 5.9 ± 0.8 ms (29.9 ± 0.4 to 35.8 ± 0.6 ms), whereas Gly did not change significantly (70.5 ± 6.8 to 67.6 ± 7.4 mM). After 15 min of toe raises, gastrocnemius Gly was reduced to 40.4 ± 5.3 mM ( P ≤ 0.01), recovering to 45.8 ± 5.3 mM ( P ≤ 0.05) during a 1-h rest. After the second 5-min bout of plantar flexion (reduced Gly at 25% of MVC), T2 values increased by 5.0 ± 0.8 ms (30.4 to 35.4 ms), whereas muscle Gly rose to 57.6 ± 5.3 mM. We conclude that muscle Gly concentration per se does not affect exercise-induced T2 increases in the human gastrocnemius.
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Elghoul, Naoufal, Mohammed Benchakroun, Azzelarab Bennis, Omar Zaddoug, Ali Zine, Mansour Tanane e Abdeloihab Jaafar. "About a Rare Case of Chronic Ankle Pain: Unusual Localization of the schwannoma". Advances in Bioscience and Clinical Medicine 8, n. 3 (31 luglio 2020): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.abcmed.v.8n.3p.29.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Schwannoma in the lower limb is extremely rare and only few cases were reported., they are often overlooked in the first diagnosis and often confused with other common lesions in this localization. Herein we report a 62 years old man who presented pain and paresthesia on the lateral aspect of the ankle since 3 months. The clinical and radiological finding prompting the patient to undergo surgery in which an excisional biopsy of the mass of the leg was realized. The post-operative was uneventful. Two weeks later, the histopathological analysis was in favor of schwannoma with a good result at the last follow up. At last, we emphasis that schwannoma should be considered as a possible diagnosis in patient with chronic ankle pain, particularly if all other injury has been ruled out which can raises the awareness about this tumor.
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Šunje, Enes, Ekrem Čolakhodžić, Rijad Novaković, Džafer Alić e Enaid Redžić. "COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENCES IN EXHIBITING FLEXIBILITY INYOUNG FOOTBALL PLAYERS AND KARATE PRACTITIONERS (KARATEKA)". Sport Scientific And Practical Aspects: International Scientific Journal of Kinesiology 21, n. 1 (giugno 2024): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.51558/1840-4561.2024.21.1.27.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract The athlete's ability to achieve the maximum amplitude of movement in certain sports can be crucial for achieving a top result. Most theorists consider flexibility to be one of the essential motor skills of humans. Flexibility is defined as the ability of the locomotor apparatus to realize movements of optimal amplitude in a certain joint. The goal of this research was to determine the differences in flexibility between football players and karate practitioners (karateka) between the ages of 12 and 14 years, in chronological order. The purpose of this paper is to determine the differences in flexibility between football players and karateka based on the obtained results, and to further determine whether and within which variables of flexibility karateka are more dominant than football players. This research will complete the findings and fill the knowledge gaps that exist about flexibility. The importance of this research is reflected in that it will gather relevant information about the status and differences in flexibility between football players and karateka within the specified age group. The research was carried out on a sample of 40 respondents who make up two subsamples, football players (n=20; age 12.70 ± 0.86) and karateka (n=20; age 12.95 ± 0.82). Tests were applied to determine height and body mass, as well as to determine flexibility (10 variables). The obtained results were processed in the program package IBM SPSS Statistics 26.0. Descriptive parameters were calculated for all collected data, normality of distribution was determined, while differences in tests were determined by T-test for independent samples. The results showed that in terms of body height and mass, there are no statistically significant differences between young football players and karateka, nor in the ability to lower a stick behind the back (MFLISK). In all other flexibility tests (deep front bend off an elevated platform/block, deep bend with legs apart, side split, active straight leg raise while lying on the back (degrees) for both legs, leg raises while lying on the chest, leg raise while lying on the side) a statistically significant difference was obtained at the significance level of .99% (p ≤ 0.01), and all in favor of karateka. We can conclude that the level of flexibility is higher in karate practitioners compared to football players, which was to be expected. The main discovery of this study is the existence of statistically significant differences in almost all flexibility variables, where better values were shown in favor of karatekas, except for the back stick raise test, where no statistically significant difference was found between football players and karateka. The research can serve other researchers who will deal with similar issues, and the findings of this research will complete the mosaic of research regarding flexibility in karate and football. The obtained results will benefit sports teams, researchers, trainers and physical education professors, as a relevant indicator of the importance and significance of flexibility development and flexibility training in sports. Key words: flexibility, football, karate,
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Dadashpour, Shahdak, Minoo Sadat Hajmiri e Daem Roshani. "Effect of intravenous vitamin C supplementation on the quality of sleep, itching and restless leg syndrome in patients undergoing hemodialysis; A double-blind randomized clinical trial". Journal of Nephropharmacology 7, n. 2 (29 luglio 2018): 131–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.15171/npj.2018.27.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Introduction: Poor sleep quality is common among hemodialysis patients and can potentially predict morbidity, mortality and quality of life in these patients. On the other hand, hemodialysis patients are encountered with vitamin C deficiency. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of intravenous vitamin C on sleep quality, itching and restless leg syndrome in hemodialysis patients. Patients and Methods: In this double-blind randomized clinical trial, 90 qualified hemodialysis patients were gone under investigation in Sanandaj in 2016. Patients randomly allocated in two equal intervention and control groups. The main measured outcome was the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) which consists of seven components. At the end of each hemodialysis session, the intervention group received vitamin C vial (500 mg/5 cc) intravenously, three times a week for 8 weeks and the control group received normal saline as placebo in the same way. Data were collected at pretreatment and after 2 months of treatment. Additionally raises questions related to restless leg syndrome and was assessed by VAS scale for determining the incidence of pruritus. Data were analyzed by independent t test, paired t test, Wilcoxon and chi-square tests. Results: Around 52.2% of subjects were female and 47.8% were male and most of them were in the age group above 50 years old. Results showed a notable difference in the value of itching and restless leg syndrome between the two groups as these values decreased significantly in the intervention group (P=0.0001). There was also a great difference in the quality of sleep disorder in subjective sleep quality, sleep latency and daily function between the two groups and those disorders was significantly lower in the intervention group (P=0.0001). Conclusion: This study showed that intravenous vitamin C can effectively improve sleep quality, itching and restless legs syndrome in hemodialysis patients.
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Ross, Michael D., e Elizabeth G. Fontenot. "Test–Retest Reliability of the Standing Heel-Rise Test". Journal of Sport Rehabilitation 9, n. 2 (maggio 2000): 117–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsr.9.2.117.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Context:The standing heel-rise test has been recommended as a means of assessing calf-muscle performance. To the authors' knowledge, the reliability of the test using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) has not been reported.Objective:To determine the test-retest reliability of the standing heel-rise test.Design:Single-group repeated measures.Participants:Seventeen healthy subjects.Settings and Infevention:Each subject was asked to perform as many standing heel raises as possible during 2 testing sessions separated by 7 days.Main Outcome Measures:Reliability data for the standing heel-rise test were studied through a repeated-measures analysis of variance, ICC2, 1 and SEMs.Results:The ICC2,1 and SEM values for the standing heel-rise test were .96 and 2.07 repetitions, respectively.Conclusions:The standing heel-rise test offers clinicians a reliable assessment of calfmuscle performance. Further study is necessary to determine the ability of the standing heel-rise test to detect functional deficiencies in patients recovering from lower leg injury or surgery
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Kim, Dae-Hyun, e Tae-Ho Kim. "The Effects of Sling and Resistance Exercises on Muscle Activity and Pelvic Rotation Angle During Active Straight Leg Raises and Pain in Patients with Chronic Low Back Pain". Journal of The Korean Society of Physical Medicine 13, n. 4 (30 novembre 2018): 113–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.13066/kspm.2018.13.4.113.
Testo completo
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Kryventsova, Iryna, Yevheniia Strelnykova, Roman Boichuk e Krzysztof Wnorowski. "Volleyball as a means to develop speed endurance in girls aged 16-18". Physical Culture, Recreation and Rehabilitation 3, n. 1 (30 giugno 2024): 22–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.15561/physcult.2024.0104.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Background and Study Aim. There is an increasing interest in using volleyball as a means of physical activity among high school students and a need to assess its impact on speed endurance. The purpose of the study is to identify effective volleyball means for developing speed endurance in high school students in the context of distance and in-person learning. Material and Methods. The study involved 16 senior high school girls aged 16-18 from Ternovskiy Lyceum No. 1 in Dnipro, Ukraine. The girls performed special exercises over a period of 12 weeks. The weekly schedule included physical education lessons in a format of 1 online lesson/1 offline lesson and 2 additional sessions. Results. A significant improvement was observed in almost all test exercises: the running time in the "Fir-tree" test decreased by 2.16 seconds (t=3.01, p < 0.05); the running time for 6x6 m decreased by 0.92 seconds (t=3.77, p < 0.05); the number of squats in 20 seconds increased by 4.31 times (t=4.46, p < 0.05); the number of leg raises to a 90° angle in a hanging position increased by 1.13 times (t=3.02, p < 0.05), and the number of torso raises from a lying on the back position increased by 1.81 times (t=4.49, p < 0.05). Conclusions. The proposed exercises positively affected the development of speed endurance in girls. The obtained results allow recommending these exercises as means for developing speed endurance in physical education classes within the volleyball module.
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Francis, Peter, Isobel Thornley, Ashley Jones e Mark I. Johnson. "Pain and Function in the Runner a Ten (din) uous Link". Medicina 56, n. 1 (7 gennaio 2020): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina56010021.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
A male runner (30 years old; 10-km time: 33 min, 46 s) had been running with suspected insertional Achilles tendinopathy (AT) for ~2 years when the pain reached a threshold that prevented running. Diagnostic ultrasound (US), prior to a high-volume stripping injection, confirmed right-sided medial insertional AT. The athlete failed to respond to injection therapy and ceased running for a period of 5 weeks. At the beginning of this period, the runner completed the Victoria institute of sports assessment–Achilles questionnaire (VISA-A), the foot and ankle disability index (FADI), and FADI sport prior to undergoing an assessment of bi-lateral gastrocnemius medialis (GM) muscle architecture (muscle thickness (MT) and pennation angle (PA); US), muscle contractile properties (maximal muscle displacement (Dm) and contraction time (Tc); Tensiomyography (TMG)) and calf endurance (40 raises/min). VISA-A and FADI scores were 59%/100% and 102/136 respectively. Compared to the left leg, the right GM had a lower MT (1.60 cm vs. 1.74 cm), a similar PA (22.0° vs. 21.0°), a lower Dm (1.2 mm vs. 2.0 mm) and Tc (16.5 ms vs. 17.7 ms). Calf endurance was higher in the right leg compared to the left (48 vs. 43 raises). The athlete began a metronome-guided (15 BPM), 12-week progressive eccentric training protocol using a weighted vest (1.5 kg increments per week), while receiving six sessions of shockwave therapy concurrently (within 5 weeks). On returning to running, the athlete kept daily pain (Numeric Rating Scale; NRS) and running scores (miles*rate of perceived exertion (RPE)). Foot and ankle function improved according to scores recorded on the VISA-A (59% vs. 97%) and FADI (102 vs. 127/136). Improvements in MT (1.60 cm vs. 1.76 cm) and PA (22.0° vs. 24.8°) were recorded via US. Improvements in Dm (1.15 mm vs. 1.69 mm) and Tc (16.5 ms vs. 15.4 ms) were recorded via TMG. Calf endurance was lower in both legs and the asymmetry between legs remained (L: 31, R: 34). Pain intensity (mean weekly NRS scores) decreased between week 1 and week 12 (6.6 vs. 2.9), while running scores increased (20 vs. 38) during the same period. The program was maintained up to week 16 at which point mean weekly NRS was 2.2 and running score was 47.
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Ellington, Matthew D., Kelly Randich, Jessica Garfin, Nicole Archambault, Joanna Roocroft, Tracey P. Bastrom, Andrew T. Pennock e Eric W. Edmonds. "Interrater and Intrarater Reliability and Discriminant Validity of a Pediatric Lower Extremity Physical Therapy Clearance Test". Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 9, n. 2 (1 febbraio 2021): 232596712098382. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967120983827.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Background: Few studies have validated when an athlete can safely return to sports, and even fewer have identified when he or she no longer requires physical therapy after surgery. Discontinuing physical therapy is often dictated by insurance restrictions, but most studies have suggested that the decision should be multifactorial, stemming from patient-derived subjective outcome questionnaires, clinical examination, and isokinetic and functional testing. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to establish discriminant validity and reliability of an objective physical therapy clearance (PTC) test in a clinical setting. The hypotheses were that the PTC test (1) will demonstrate different scores between normal and postoperative cohorts and (2) will have acceptable inter- and intraobserver reliability. Study Design: Cohort study (diagnosis); Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Four cohorts (27 total participants; age range, 12-18 years) underwent the PTC test: 9 adolescents 6 months after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, 4 adolescents 6 weeks after partial meniscectomy, 5 adolescents with nonstructural knee pain, and 9 control/healthy participants without any lower extremity complaint. The PTC test included a dynamic warm-up, objective measures (knee range of motion, thigh girth, and muscle motor tone), functional strength tests (heel raises, single-leg dips, hop tests, tuck jumps), and agility tests (shuffle and sprint T-test). Each testing session was videotaped and scored live by the physical therapist administering the test, and then scored via the video recording by an independent physical therapist and 2 orthopaedic surgeons. Results: The PTC test was found to have discriminant validity between the control cohort and both cohorts with previous surgery. The single-leg dip, single-leg hop, and vertical tuck jump were the most discriminatory components. The PTC test had moderate to almost perfect intrarater reliability (κ = 0.57-1), but only fair to moderate interrater reliability among video graders (κ = 0.29-0.58) and slight to substantial reliability between video graders and the live PT rater (κ = 0.19-0.63). Conclusion: The PTC test was found to have moderate inter- and intraobserver agreement, with the ability to discriminate between postoperative and control patients.
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Chang, Wei-Ju. "Active Straight Leg Raise". Journal of Physiotherapy 58, n. 2 (giugno 2012): 132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1836-9553(12)70098-x.
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Binder, Raymond. "Straight-Leg-Raise-Test". VPT Magazin 04, n. 03 (marzo 2018): 16–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1639394.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
ZusammenfassungAssessments sind objektive standardisierte Testverfahren, mit denen sich in der Physiotherapie die Situation des Patienten beurteilen lässt. Sie liefern Hinweise für die Optimierung und weitere Therapieplanung. Die AG Akademisierung stellt im VPTMAGAZIN valide Tests steckbriefartig vor.
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Chaliburda, Ireneusz, e Igor Cieśliński. "Relationships Between Physical Fitness and Wrestling – Specific Fitness in Freestyle Wrestlers". Polish Journal of Sport and Tourism 29, n. 4 (1 dicembre 2022): 15–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pjst-2022-0022.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract Introduction. The aim of the study was to investigate the relationships between the parameters of conditioning preparation and specific fitness of freestyle wrestlers. Material and Methods. Seventy-four subjects were selected from freestyle wrestlers. All subjects were assessed for height, weight and body mass index. Agility, dynamic strength and strength endurance were assessed using standing broad jump, push-ups, wall bar hanging leg raises, pull-ups and a zigzag run. Wrestling-specific fitness was assessed using standing gymnastic bridge with return, wrestling carousel, front kip up, while special endurance was assessed with suplex throws of the mannequin. Results. For initial data analysis, one-way ANOVA was used. Further data analysis was performed with multiple regression. Suplex throws of the mannequin had the biggest impact on achieving high sports results. These findings suggest that specific fitness tests which simulate sports effort are the most reliable measures. Conclusions. Owing to special fitness tests, training can be monitored more effectively. The movements made during a sports fight should be taken into account while preparing a given test.
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Horiuchi, Masahiro, e Lee Stoner. "Macrovascular and microvascular responses to prolonged sitting with and without bodyweight exercise interruptions: A randomized cross-over trial". Vascular Medicine 27, n. 2 (23 novembre 2021): 127–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1358863x211053381.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Exposure to uninterrupted prolonged sitting leads to macro- and microvascular complications, which can contribute to increased cardiovascular disease risk. This study investigated the macrovascular and microvascular responses to 3 h of sitting that was: (i) uninterrupted (CON); and (ii) interrupted every 20 min with 1 min light intensity half squats plus calf raises (EX). Twenty healthy participants (21 [SD: 2] years; 21.5 [SD: 1.6] kg/m2) were recruited to participate in this randomized cross-over trial. Macrovascular function was quantified using brachial–ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) and the lower- and upper-limb arterial stiffness index (ASI). Microvascular function was quantified as the medial gastrocnemius tissue oxygen saturation (StO2) area under the curve (AUC) during reactive hyperemia. The baPWV did not significantly change with time ( p = 0.594) or by condition ( p = 0.772). The arm ASI increased by 3.6 (95% CI: 0.7 to 6.6, effect size [ES] = 0.27) with a nonsignificant condition effect ( p = 0.219). There was a significant interaction effect for leg ASI ( p = < 0.001), with ASI increasing (impairment) by 18.7 (95% CI: 12.1 to 25.3, ES = 0.63) for CON and decreasing (improvement) by −11.9 (95% CI: −18.5 to −5.3, ES = 0.40) for EX compared to presitting. Similarly, the AUC decreased (detrimental) by 18% (Δ = −321, 95% CI: −543 to −100, ES = 0.32) for CON and increased by 32% (Δ = 588, 95% CI: 366 to 809, ES = 0.59) for EX. The leg ASI was inversely associated with StO2 AUC (interclass correlation coefficient: −0.66, 95% CI: −0.51 to −0.77). These preliminary findings suggest that regularly interrupting prolonged sitting with simple bodyweight exercises may help to preserve lower-limb vascular function.
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Uchiyama, Eiji, Akiko Nomura, Yasushi Takeda, Kenji Hiranuma e Hiroshi Iwaso. "A Modified Operation for Achilles Tendon Ruptures". American Journal of Sports Medicine 35, n. 10 (ottobre 2007): 1739–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0363546507304492.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Background Treatment of Achilles tendon rupture has long been at the center of debate. Hypothesis A new technique in surgical Achilles tendon repair allows for more stability and earlier rehabilitation. Study Design Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods One hundred Achilles tendon rupture patients (70 men, 30 women; age range, 16-54 years; mean age, 32 years) were treated by a newly modified method of repair. Twenty-one of these patients were high-level athletes, and 79 were recreational-level athletes. The average length of follow-up was 2.4 years (range, 1-6.3 years), and none of the ruptures included avulsion fractures. After adjusting the tendon to an adequate length using a Tsuge suture, each fibrous bundle was gathered in a longitudinal direction and fixed with a Bunnell-type suture. The same postoperative physical therapy protocol was applied to all patients: at 1 week, early full weightbearing with a walking cast was initiated, and at 2 weeks, patients began range of motion (ROM) exercises and were instructed to wear a hinged ankle-foot orthosis that permitted full plantar flexion but limited full dorsiflexion. From 6 weeks, patients started practicing double-legged heel raises. Results At an average of 10 weeks, ankle ROM was comparable to that of the nonoperated leg, and double-legged heel raises were achieved at an average of 7.6 weeks. On average, patients were able to do 20 continuous single-legged heel-raising motions (equivalent to manual muscle testing grade 5) at 15.4 weeks, and jogging started at 12.3 weeks. High-level athletes returned to their original sports level at an average of 5 months. Two reruptures (2%) were experienced, but no other complications occurred. Conclusion This surgical technique allows for strong repair stability and subsequent early weightbearing and ROM exercises.
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Ciocon, Jerry O., Daisy Galindo-Ciocon e Diana J. Galindo. "Raised Leg Exercises for Leg Edema in the Elderly". Angiology 46, n. 1 (gennaio 1995): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000331979504600103.
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