Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Language value production"
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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Language value production":
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Shi, Julie. "Articulations of language and value(s) in scholarly publishing circuits". Canadian Journal of Academic Librarianship 9 (20 aprile 2023): 1–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.33137/cjal-rcbu.v9.38148.
Abstract (sommario):
This paper examines how the use of and preference for the English language in scholarly communication enacts epistemic oppressions on global, regional, and local stages to delegitimize knowledge and knowers active in other languages and epistemological frameworks. Specifically, this paper argues that internationalized languages of economic and metrics-based value interact and intersect with the over-valuation of English, which has detrimental consequences. Four readings of the interplays between language and value in the scholarly ecosystem are presented. As questions of knowledge production, epistemic oppression, and justice are not confined to one discipline or community, each reading engages with the theory and praxis of scholars from local and Indigenous communities, and scholars and practitioners in a range of other areas. The first reading, Language Has Value, examines the knowledge and value embedded in languages, as well as the implications of monolingualism for global knowledge production and use. Focusing on the publishing industry, Language of Value interrogates the internationalized economic values that shape mainstream approaches to open access and overlook regional situations. Language of Evaluation attends to the symbolic market of research metrics and evaluation criteria that forces researchers to choose between topics that are locally relevant and those deemed important by the mainstream community. These readings are followed, in Language and Value, by lessons learned from established models and tools for knowledge production and dissemination that actively resist intersecting oppressions. The paper closes with a call to the research community to imagine and work for sustainable and equitable approaches to scholarly communication that break open and away from the epistemic enclosures dominating the present system.
2
Karrebæk, Martha Sif, Kathleen C. Riley e Jillian R. Cavanaugh. "Food and Language: Production, Consumption, and Circulation of Meaning and Value". Annual Review of Anthropology 47, n. 1 (21 ottobre 2018): 17–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-anthro-102317-050109.
Abstract (sommario):
We interrogate the many ways that language and food intersect. Food and its uses provide setting and structure for language, just as language and its uses constrain and inform food activities. We illuminate where and how food and language co-occur and how they are dynamically co-constitutive, foregrounding the potential for food-and-language scholarship to contribute to understandings of political economic processes and structures. We organize our review around the mutual production, consumption, and circulation of food and language. We show that the richness of scholarship about consumption (especially around the family meal) has not been matched by research concerning the production of food and language, whereas the co-constituting circulation of food and language contributes to new meanings and values for both. More research is needed to clarify the surging attention to food, which may be motivated by the complex global food system and the speed and ease of mediatization and circulation of food images and ideologies.
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Stemberger, Joseph Paul. "Radical underspecification in language production". Phonology 8, n. 1 (maggio 1991): 73–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952675700001287.
Abstract (sommario):
Phonological underspecification plays an important role in phonological theory. Some features are left blank in underlying representations. If they are relevant to the pronunciation of a segment, they are filled in at some point in the derivation; otherwise, they are left blank permanently. When underspecification was reintroduced to phonological theory in the 1980s, researchers originally assumed that all information that could be considered predictable had to be underspecified in underlying representations (Kiparsky 1982; Archangeli 1984). Information can be considered predictable in one of two ways. First, information is predictable if it is redundant or allophonic; the voicing and nasality of the vowel in the word grin [grin] in English are predictable (because vowels are always voiced, and are always nasalised before a nasal) and omitted from underlying representations. Second, given that a feature is binary, it is possible to leave one value of the feature blank in underlying representations; if the segment is not specified as e.g. [+ F], then it must be [− F], by default. The approach that defines predictability in this fashion is known as RADICAL UNDERSPECIFICATION
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ABUTALEBI, JUBIN, e HARALD CLAHSEN. "Variability and its limits in bilingual language production". Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 19, n. 5 (3 ottobre 2016): 855–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1366728916000870.
Abstract (sommario):
Experimental and other empirical research on language is faced with the fact that language performance exhibits a high degree of variability at all linguistic levels. Variability is found across languages, across speech communities within one language, across individuals within one speech community and even within the same individual. Bilingual language use adds a further source of variability to this already complicated picture. On the other hand, there are aspects of language and language use that are constrained, stable, or robust and that are less (or not at all) subject to variability, for example, possible options that are not chosen in any language or kinds of error that are never produced. Several familiar ways of dealing with the variability of language use and its limits have turned out to be unsatisfactory. One approach has been to simply abstract away from variability with constructs such as the ‘ideal speaker–hearer’ (who – to our knowledge – nobody has met so far). Another strategy is to average across individuals, which sometimes results in arbitrary mean scores or mean activation patterns that are hard to replicate for individuals, even for those who took part in a given study. A third solution when confronted with variability in language use is to take it at face value, positing that every language, every speech community, and even every individual is different, an approach that essentially gives up on discovering any kind of generalizations. While none of these strategies appears to us to be particularly fruitful, the problem of how to deal with variability in language performance and its limits remains.
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Rush, Christine L., e Nicholas C. Zingale. "Retaining public value and public law value in outsourcing". International Journal of Organization Theory & Behavior 18, n. 1 (1 marzo 2015): 105–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijotb-18-01-2015-b006.
Abstract (sommario):
We argue that the proliferation of governance in the public sector has raised questions regarding individual constitutional rights. While some proclaim cost savings and entrepreneurial solutions to vexing social ills, others suspect that these benefits donʼt outweigh the risk of diminished accountability and the loss of constitutional protection over public service production. We propose a new model to examine the relationships between direct government, governance, public value, and public law value. We apply this model to analyze two landmark Supreme Court cases and one contemporary federal appellate court case to explore the ongoing tension between the governance model and public service production. Our findings suggest that enforcible contract language and public-private entwinement can be used as tools to protect constitutional rights in the face of increasing pressure of governance approaches.
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Vogel, Ann, e Alan Shipman. "Cinema Co-production, Film Distribution in Multiple Languages and Inequality in the Global Language System: A Call for Robust Public Data". Cinéma & Cie. Film and Media Studies Journal 23, n. 41 (5 aprile 2024): 57–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.54103/2036-461x/21516.
Abstract (sommario):
Language has proven to be an important factor in film performance models, film finance considerations, and festival program selections. This essay uses multi-year global data sets (UN and supplementary databases) to analyse the relationship between the languages in which a film is produced and offered to cinemagoers on the one hand, and the co-production activities and dynamics which engender these patterns on the other hand. While European Commission policies, underlining the peculiar “linguistic polity”of the European Union, have been influential in the making of multilingual cinema productions motivated by subsidy rules, taxation and grant schemes, the pattern is rather global, reflecting uptake of cinematic product in many “territories” and the mobilization of film across national and regional language divides. The analysis shows that Europeanization has much wider implications beyond Europeans’ cultural consumption and identity construction, with Europe’s co-production policies casting a wider net of cultural resistance to Global Hollywood and its majority of English-language blockbusters as well as attending to language preservation in the European neighborhood in addition to Europe, where local and regional heritage policies are well instituted. The study examines the results against Abram de Swaan’s theory of the Global Language System, examining the Q-value theory to the language patterns emerging from film productions with multiple languages, which must be assessed in its relation to cultural consumption that may not follow from formal schooling and habitus formation.
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Ezeizabarrena, Maria-José. "Overt subjects in early Basque and other null subject languages". International Journal of Bilingualism 17, n. 3 (28 maggio 2012): 309–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1367006912438997.
Abstract (sommario):
This study focuses on person marking in early Basque and other null subject languages. From very early on, person marking on the verb and quite regular, adult-like, null subject rates are attested across early acquisition studies on genetically related and unrelated pro-drop languages. We survey several studies on bilingual children simultaneously acquiring two languages with the opposite value for the pro-drop parameter. The conclusion drawn is that children display a monolingual-like pattern in the production of person marking, overt subjects, and personal pronouns in the null subject language, whereas, in the non-null subject language, bilinguals evidence delayed target person marking and overt subject production. These data are compatible with the view that children correctly set the default parametric value at early stages and separate the languages being acquired. However, it is argued that accounts based on the lexical learning of features in the functional category T(ense) may better account for the crosslinguistic data. Moreover, the accuracy observed in overt person inflection production leads to the proposal that (the spelling out of) the [person] or [D] feature in T(ense) is the first subject feature available to the language acquirer, previous to other candidates such as number or case.
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Ruin, Thomas, Eric Levrat, Benoît Iung e Antoine Despujols. "Complex maintenance programs quantification (CMPQ) to better control production systems". Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management 25, n. 4 (29 aprile 2014): 491–509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jmtm-04-2013-0042.
Abstract (sommario):
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to develop a methodology for supporting complex maintenance programs quantification (CMPQ) for industrial systems. The methodology is based on a generic formalization of static and behavioral expert knowledge both on the target system and on the maintenance one. The formalization is carried out first by means of system modelling language (SysML) diagrams to model knowledge concepts and second by the transformation of these concepts into Altarica data flow (ADF) language for developing stochastic simulation. Design/methodology/approach – An industrial case study (ARE system) proposed by the electricite de France (EDF) company is used initially to show a real problem statement on CMPQ. It allows highlighting key scientific issues considered as the basis for methodology development. Main issues are related to static and dynamic knowledge formalization justifying the choice of SysML and ADF languages. The added value of this methodology is finally shown on the same case study serving as benchmark. Findings – This paper demonstrates the suitability of using of SysML language for modelling the CMPQ knowledge and then of ADF language in building executable model implementing simulation as needed for assessing key performance indicators of CMPQ. ADF is based on formal mode automaton. Mapping rules are developed to ensure correspondence between the concepts of these two languages. Research limitations/implications – Additional industrial validations of the methodology should be performed to really evaluate its benefits. Practical implications – This work was made possible thanks to a partnership with the EDF Company (French energy supplier). The results are therefore directly usable at practical industrial levels. Originality/value – The CMPQ methodology proposed is fully generic leading to offering a library of atomic ADF components (COTS) which can be instantiated to develop executable model with regards to each specific application. It allows to favor reusability and makes easier the model development above all for a user who knows nothing about the language.
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Kuska, Matheus Thomas, Mirwaes Wahabzada e Stefan Paulus. "AI for crop production – Where can large language models (LLMs) provide substantial value?" Computers and Electronics in Agriculture 221 (giugno 2024): 108924. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2024.108924.
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Barley, William C., Jeffrey W. Treem e Paul M. Leonardi. "Experts at Coordination: Examining the Performance, Production, and Value of Process Expertise". Journal of Communication 70, n. 1 (febbraio 2020): 60–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/joc/jqz041.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract This paper argues that coordination among domain experts can be viewed as a distinct form of knowledge in itself, and an area in which an individual may become an expert. We discuss why domain experts may be ill-equipped to coordinate their knowledge with the knowledge of others, and why individuals with process expertise may be better equipped to facilitate coordination between domain experts. Drawing on a qualitative study of nurses organizing emergency pediatric transfers, we demonstrate how process expertise is established, maintained, and enacted through situated communicative practices. The analysis characterizes process expertise as operating interdependently with, but distinct from, domain expertise, and shows how process expertise can aid in settings that demand complex coordination. This work challenges assumptions that coordination among domain experts is best addressed through supporting network connections or overcoming interpretive obstacles, and offers an alternative way to support coordination by cultivating process experts.
Tesi sul tema "Language value production":
1
Christian-Daniels, Seaira B. "Diversity without Inclusion: A Comparative Analysis of the Production Value, Content, and Diversity of Co-owned Spanish and English-language Television Network News Broadcasts". Ohio University Honors Tutorial College / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ouhonors1399550738.
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Lutton, Alison Mary. "Authorship and the production of literary value, 1982-2012 : Bret Easton Ellis, Paul Auster, J.T. LeRoy, and Tucker Max". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:3aa64675-73a2-42a8-be24-cb75f034e9de.
Abstract (sommario):
Definitions of celebrity authorship and material textuality at the turn of the twenty-first century have predominantly emphasised the implicitly negative aspects of contemporary developments in the literary marketplace. Particularly prominent are arguments that the practice of authorship has become subject to homogenisation by the matrix of celebrity in which successful writers are now expected to function; and, further, that the changing nature of texts themselves and the ways in which they are marketed is eroding the implicitly superior position traditionally held by literature in the cultural marketplace. This thesis views such readings as pessimistic, and offers an alternative, seeking to formulate a new critical approach to literary value in the contemporary sphere which would appreciate notions of celebrity, populism, and digital mediation as integral and productive aspects of how literary value is formed today. Through in-depth focus on the cases of a number of unconventional contemporary American authors whose work demonstrates differing, innovative approaches to the process of authorship, this thesis exposes the ways in which contemporary, atypically ‘literary’ instances of writing can and do work within and develop beyond traditional conceptualisations of authorship and literary value. Bret Easton Ellis and Jay McInerney, largely critically considered prototypical ‘celebrity’ authors, are in the first chapter reconsidered as writers whose understanding of their position within the literary marketplace affords them a self-conscious, critical perspective on the notion of celebrity in their work and public personae. The productively self-conscious author-figure is reconsidered in the second chapter, which reads the individual and joint works of author Paul Auster and visual artist Sophie Calle as foregrounding the process of creative collaboration as uniquely illuminating and transformative within the contemporary literary sphere. The notion of dual authorship is revisited and reconceptualised in the third chapter, which considers JT LeRoy and the practice of hoax authorship, outlining how this process forces the reformulation of literary value, particularly in a contemporary setting in which authors are accountable for their work in newer, more visible ways. The final chapter expands these previously-introduced themes to consider bloggers-turned-authors, particularly Tucker Max and Julie Powell, and the impact of the merging of old and new textualities on both the orientation of the figure of the writer and the way in which value is attached to his texts by readers. Ultimately, the unconventional nature of these examples is shown to belie the universality of the representations of value they enact, contributing to a full and salient account of how literary value is determined at the beginning of the twenty-first century.
3
Danijela, Gračanin. "Unapređenje efikasnosti proizvodnih procesa razvojem proširenog modela toka vrednosti". Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Fakultet tehničkih nauka u Novom Sadu, 2014. http://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=89974&source=NDLTD&language=en.
Abstract (sommario):
U okviru disertacije se ispituje uticaj akumulacije troškova u vremenu na izbor odgovarajućih mera za unapređenje i povećanje efikasnosti proizvodnih procesa. Ovaj uticaj je stavljen u kontekst lin proizvodnje i procesa mapiranja toka vrednosti, ali je ispitivan i uticaj izbora pravila raspoređivanja radnih naloga, odnosno terminskog planiranja na vremensko-troškovno ulaganje. Kao rezultat istraživanja i originalan naučni doprinos ove disertacije predloženi su koeficijenti ulaganja i efikasnosti mera unapređenja koji se koriste, na prvom mestu za izbor odgovarajuće mere unapređenja, a zatim i za definisanje prioriteta sprovođenja mera.This dissertation examines the impact of the cost accumulation over the time on the selection of appropriate measures to improve and increase the efficiency of production processes. This effect has been put into the context of lean production and value stream mapping, but there is also examines the impact of job shop schenduling on cost-time investment. As a result of research and original scientific contribution of this thesis two coefficients are proposed: coefficient of investment and coefficient of measure efficiency that can be used in the first place for the selection of appropriate measure for the improvement, and then to define the priorities for implementing the improvement measures.
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Miles, Terry. "Productive learning : a study of means and methods of integrating language learning, educational technology and educational options in the production of educational and training materials that derive their content, form and value from the direct experienc". Thesis, Brunel University, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.260235.
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Delpérié, Laurence. "Valorisation linguistique, tourisme et reconnaissance(s). Une approche sociolinguistique critique en contexte autochtone : le cas de la communauté de Mashteuiatsh au Québec". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Grenoble Alpes, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023GRALL031.
Abstract (sommario):
Fruit d’une recherche ethnographique collaborative menée entre 2017 et 2019 avec la Première Nation des Pekuakamiulnuatsh (Mashteuiatsh, Québec, Canada), ce travail de thèse examine les processus et stratégies de valorisation du nelueun, langue ancestrale des Pekuakamiulnuatsh, dans le contexte des activités touristiques de la communauté. L’objectif de ce travail est de questionner, d’après une perspective sociolinguistique critique, ethnographique et matérialiste, les enjeux socio-politiques, économiques, idéologiques et identitaires de cette valorisation linguistique sur le terrain du tourisme autochtone, en faisant le lien avec la question du colonialisme et de la réclamation linguistique. À l’instar d’autres peuples autochtones du Canada et d’ailleurs, les Pekuakamiulnuatsh ont entamé leur démarche vers l’autodétermination et l’autonomie gouvernementale dans les années 1970, dans le sillon des mouvements internationaux de reconnaissance des droits autochtones. Engagés dans un processus de reconnaissance politique, les Pekuakamiulnuatsh ont été amenés à objectiver les critères qui fondent leur identité en tant que peuple distinct, et à se positionner comme des partenaires économiques pour entrer en dialogue avec l’État. Dans ce contexte de revendications, le nelueun a émergé dans le discours politique des Pekuakamiulnuatsh comme un symbole identitaire et un outil central à la démarche d’affirmation politique et culturelle de la Première Nation, et a fait l’objet d’une mobilisation collective soutenue pour sa réclamation depuis le milieu des années 1980. En parallèle de cette démarche, les Pekuakamiulnuatsh ont développé un secteur touristique attractif dans l’optique de démystifier et transmettre leur culture ilnu, opérant ainsi leur reconnaissance culturelle à travers le marché économique. En ouvrant un espace pour la valorisation des ressources culturelles ilnu, le tourisme à Mashteuiatsh s’est progressivement construit comme un site alternatif de valorisation du nelueun pour certains acteurs de la communauté qui la construisent comme un gage d’identité et d’authenticité collective. Cette inclusion nouvelle d’une langue autochtone en voie de réclamation sur le marché soulève néanmoins des débats et présente des défis, qui traduisent à la fois les tensions qui découlent du statut de la langue et de la place de certains (néo)locuteurs au sein de la communauté, et les tensions posées par les logiques de valuation du marché économique, basées sur des formes de commodification et des visions de l’authenticité linguistique et culturelle liées aux idéologies des États-nations. En croisant les discours et stratégies des acteurs du tourisme et de la réclamation, des associations touristiques régionales et des touristes autour de la valeur du nelueun, les analyses formulées dans ce travail de thèse rendent compte de l’importance des catégorisations raciolinguistiques, de l’hégémonie culturelle et des idéologies linguistiques euro-centriques dans les processus de (dé)valorisation symbolique et économique du nelueun. Cette thèse montre comment les acteurs autochtones du tourisme négocient leur autonomie et la valeur de leurs ressources linguistiques et de leurs identités en dialogue constant avec ces idéologies, dans des dynamiques de confrontation ou d’alignement à celles-ci. Cette recherche offre une contribution pour penser la colonialité des processus de (dé)valorisation des ressources langagières et les dynamiques raciolinguistiques sur le terrain du tourisme, et en particulier sur le terrain du tourisme autochtone, jusque-là peu investi par la sociolinguistique. Elle pose également les jalons d’une réflexion sur la mise en œuvre complexe d’une sociolinguistique ethnographique collaborative et décoloniale et la place du sociolinguiste dans un tel cadreDrawing on a collaborative ethnographic research conducted between 2017 and 2019 with the Pekuakamiulnuatsh First Nation (Mashteuiatsh, Quebec, Canada), this doctoral thesis examines the processes and strategies for the promotion of nehlueun, the ancestral language of the Pekuakamiulnuatsh, in the context of Mashteuiatsh touristic activities. The aim of this sociolinguistic study is to explore, from a critical, ethnographic, and materialistic perspective, the socio-political, economic, ideological, and identity stakes of language value production within the realm of Indigenous tourism, connecting it with issues of colonialism and linguistic reclamation.Like other Indigenous peoples in Canada and beyond, the Pekuakamiulnuatsh began their journey towards self-determination and governmental autonomy in the 1970s, following the global movements for the recognition of indigenous rights. Engaged in a process of political recognition, the Pekuakamiulnuatsh have had to objectify the criteria establishing their identity as a distinct people, as well as position themselves as economic partners to interact with the State. In this context, nehlueun emerged in Pekuakamiulnuatsh political discourse as an identity symbol and a central tool in the First Nation's political and cultural affirmation, undergoing sustained collective mobilization for its reclamation since the mid-1980s. Parallel to this, the Pekuakamiulnuatsh have developed a touristic sector to demystify and share ilnu culture, thus asserting their cultural recognition through the economic market. By creating a space for the valorization of ilnu cultural resources, tourism in Mashteuiatsh has gradually evolved as an alternative site for the valorization of nehlueun for some community stakeholders, seeing it as a testament to identity and collective authenticity. This newfound inclusion of a locally-reclaimed indigenous language on the market sparks debates and presents challenges, reflecting both the tensions arising from the language's status and the position of certain (neo)speakers within the community, as well as tensions posed by economic market valuation logics, rooted in forms of commodification and perceptions of linguistic and cultural authenticity linked to nation-states.By analyzing the discourses and strategies of tourism and reclamation stakeholders, regional tourist associations, and tourists regarding the value of nehlueun, the analyses of this research account for the significance of raciolinguistic categorizations, cultural hegemony, and Eurocentric linguistic ideologies in the symbolic and economic (de)valorization processes of nehlueun. The analyses show that indigenous tourism actors negotiate both their autonomy and the value of their linguistic resources and identities in continuous dialogue – confrontation or alignment – with these ideologies.This research offers a contribution to the understanding of the coloniality of processes of linguistic (de)valorization as well as raciolinguistic dynamics in the realm of tourism, especially in Indigenous tourism, a field hitherto scarcely explored by sociolinguistics. It also lays the groundwork for considering the intricate implementation of a collaborative and decolonial ethnographic sociolinguistics and the sociolinguist's role within such a framework
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Guyomard-Guihard, Chantal. "Dispositif audio-synchrone multimodal : quelle plus-value pour l'apprentissage de la compréhension de l'oral et la production orale en continu et en interaction de l’anglais (L2) en milieu secondaire français ?" Thesis, Nantes, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NANT2025.
Abstract (sommario):
Dans un contexte d'apprentissage de l'anglais L2 dans le secondaire, est-il possible de permettre aux apprenants d’avoir des interactions négociées, potentiellement acquisitionnelles ? La mise en place d'un dispositif d'apprentissage audiosynchrone, multimodal Skype avec des locuteurs anglophones a été retenue pour tenter de répondre à cette problématique. Les apprenants français auront des conversations oralo-graphiques mensuelles de 40 minutes en ligne avec des Irlandais du même âge. Institutionnalisées de part et d'autre, ces conversations permettront à chaque locuteur de pratiquer sa L2 avec un ‘expert’. Ce dispositif s'appuie sur les théories interactionnistes et socioconstructivistes, identifiant l'interaction comme un des éléments essentiels pour l'acquisition de la L2. Les chercheurs interactionnistes expliquent en effet que l’interaction génère des négociations de sens qui facilitent la compréhension de l'input / matériau langagier, apportent des rétroactions correctives et incitent les apprenants à reformuler leur production / output. L’étude présentera dans un premier temps la mise en place du dispositif, puis, à partir d'un corpus de conversations exolingues synchrones mettant en scène deux tâches de type échange d'informations, on proposera une analyse des interactions selon le modèle de Varonis et Gass (1985) revisité par Smith en 2003 en l'adaptant à la communication électronique. Pour chaque conversation, nous mettrons en exergue les types de déclencheurs, de signaux, de réponses et de réactions. La conclusion de l’étude montre que, malgré l’attractivité du dispositif, peu d’interactions négociées apparaissent potentiellement acquisitionnelles au sens de De Pietro, Matthey & Py (1989), ce qui questionne la conception et le contenu des tâchesNumerous studies have demonstrated how learning systems rely on socio-constructivist and interactionist theories thereby emphasising the importance of interaction to L2 acquisition. This means that the learner also acquires clarification and restatement skills when language meaning is negotiated and corrective feedback is obtained. English as a foreign language is mandatory in French secondary and higher education. The purpose of this study is to analyse virtual collaboration as a mean to expose learners to English-speaking environments so that there are constant practice and a deeper understanding of the target language. Skype was used as a virtual collaboration tool with a group of 15 French and 25 Irish secondary students aged 16-18 who were learning English and French, respectively. 30-minute bimonthly virtual meetings with specific pedagogical tasks were part of the classroom environment. This allowed each student to become an “expert” in his/her native language. The digital learning tool will be explained and then a body of exolingual conversations featuring two types of information exchange activities will be analysed using Varonis & Gass Model (1985), enhanced by Smith (2003). Different types of triggers, signals, answers, and reactions are highlighted for all conversations described in the study. Negotiations of meaning were identified, but it appears that only a few led to potential acquisition according to de Pietro, Matthey & Py’s definition (1989). As a result, pedagogical tasks and authenticity may have to be re-designed
Libri sul tema "Language value production":
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Abad, José Vicente, a cura di. Research on Language Teaching and Learning: Advances and Projection. Fondo Editorial Universidad Católica Luis Amigó, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21501/9789588943701.
Abstract (sommario):
In 2010, teachers from the B.A. in English Teaching at Universidad Católica Luis Amigó formed CILEX (Construcciones Investigativas en Lenguas Extranjeras). Research and teaching in the program have grown synergistically ever since, but ten years down the road it was time to take stock of our research to project the direction in which we wanted to move forward. This book is the result of that effort to recognize our shared history and thus propel our upcoming academic endeavors. The book starts out by presenting the epistemological foundations of CILEX, which is based on the threefold notion of the language teacher as an intellectual, an academic, and an educator. It thereon explains the system that arranges our academic production within five thematic nodes: cultural studies, language policy, literacies, language teacher education, and language assessment. Each chapter reports on one or two studies in which the authors participated as leading researchers or advisors. Hence, the book also reflects the formative research tradition that characterizes most of our practice. Having language teacher education as a binding thread that cuts across the entire volume, authors present their particular perspective on topics as varied as college academic performance, early childhood literacy, language policy appropriation, teacher educators’ assessment literacy, student teachers’ practicum identity crisis, research training in teacher education, and critical reading instruction. This book condenses the work of a group of teacher educators who believe in the power of research to galvanize teaching and inspire positive educational change. As readers go through its pages, it is our hope they will be able to recognize not only the singular value of each individual chapter but also the richness of our collaboration, which constitutes the fabric of our identity as an academic community.
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Watson-Gegeo, Karen Ann, e Matthew C. Bronson. The Intersections of Language Socialization and Sociolinguistics. A cura di Robert Bayley, Richard Cameron e Ceil Lucas. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199744084.013.0006.
Abstract (sommario):
First- and second-language-acquisition researchers have increasingly adopted language socialization (LS) as a productive and realistic strategy for examining the intertwined relationships among language, culture, and learning. This chapter reviews recent developments in LS in relation to sociolinguistics, with an emphasis on work in bilingual and multilingual situations cross-culturally. It argues for the value of accelerating the current shift in sociolinguistics from interdisciplinary toward transdisciplinary inquiry. Interdisciplinary work is interactive, combining theory, methods, and practices to address questions difficult to tackle with the tools of a single discipline. It adapts but does not challenge existing boundaries. In contrast, transdisciplinary inquiry problematizes disciplinary compartmentalization as imposing limits in creating useful knowledge to address complex issues. The discussion suggests a framework for evaluating sociolinguistic LS research, concluding that the best LS research always involves a commitment to benefit the communities studied.
3
Beaman, Lori G. Practices from Everyday Life. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198803485.003.0004.
Abstract (sommario):
This chapter assesses specific values and strategies key to the production of deep equality. Within a broad framework in which cooperation, similarity, and contaminated diversity define the interactions that typify deep equality, individuals and groups deploy a number of values or beliefs. These values include respect, generosity, neighbourliness, forgiveness, caring and protectiveness, compassion and even love, and they are worked out and manifested through language, gesture, navigation and negotiation, and through the use of humour and acts of humility, and forgiveness. The chapter also considers the circulation of practices of deep equality. Three examples of group-initiated action that exemplify deep equality are discussed: the ‘Cook and Share a Pot of Curry Day’, a grassroots led initiative in Singapore; the protest actions of a Quebec boys’ soccer team in reaction to an attempt to ban turban-wearing Sikhs from the soccer field in 2013; and the global Human Library Project.
4
Henderson, Andrea. Algebraic Art. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198809982.001.0001.
Abstract (sommario):
Algebraic Art explores the invention of a peculiarly Victorian account of the nature and value of aesthetic form, and it traces that account to a surprising source: mathematics. The nineteenth century was a moment of extraordinary mathematical innovation, witnessing the development of non-Euclidean geometry, the revaluation of symbolic algebra, and the importation of mathematical language into philosophy. All these innovations sprang from a reconception of mathematics as a formal rather than a referential practice—as a means for describing relationships rather than quantities. For Victorian mathematicians, the value of a claim lay not in its capacity to describe the world but its internal coherence. This concern with formal structure produced a striking convergence between mathematics and aesthetics: geometers wrote fables, logicians reconceived symbolism, and physicists described reality as consisting of beautiful patterns. Artists, meanwhile, drawing upon the cultural prestige of mathematics, conceived their work as a “science” of form, whether as lines in a painting, twinned characters in a novel, or wave-like stress patterns in a poem. Avant-garde photographs and paintings, fantastical novels like Flatland and Lewis Carroll’s children’s books, and experimental poetry by Swinburne, Rossetti, and Patmore created worlds governed by a rigorous internal logic even as they were pointedly unconcerned with reference or realist protocols. Algebraic Art shows that works we tend to regard as outliers to mainstream Victorian culture were expressions of a mathematical formalism that was central to Victorian knowledge production and that continues to shape our understanding of the significance of form.
5
Davidson, Tish. Vaccines. ABC-CLIO, LLC, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798216031635.
Abstract (sommario):
What is a vaccine and how does it work? How are vaccines made? Who discovered vaccines? What diseases do vaccines prevent, are these vaccines effective, and are they safe? Presenting comprehensive information on a topic that remains the focus of considerable controversy, Vaccines: History, Science, and Issues provides readers with a single-volume examination of vaccines and their history, production, uses, and limitations. Written in language that avoids intimidating medical jargon, this latest addition to Greenwood's Story of a Drug series looks at different types of vaccines and documents the value of vaccination to society. It explains the process of developing a vaccine, the testing required before it can be distributed to the public, and the challenges that arise in manufacturing and distribution, along with potential solutions to some of these problems. Readers will gain insight into vaccination-related topics such as the legal issues surrounding mandatory vaccination, the relationship between vaccines and adverse events, and the government's role in adjudicating claims of damage. The book also includes international recommendations from the World Health Organization and information on vaccines that are available and used outside the United States.
6
Johnson, Stephanie, e Erin VanLaningham, a cura di. Cultivating Vocation in Literary Studies. Edinburgh University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474490009.001.0001.
Abstract (sommario):
The concept of ‘vocation’ has garnered significant attention as a means of speaking about purposeful living and the multiple responsibilities of civic life, which converge with the broader goals of liberal education. Literary scholars can make significant contributions to conversations about vocational exploration. How might the varied fields within literary studies invite students to consider meaning and purpose? How might our pedagogies and theories of interpretation inform the direction of their lives? Attending to the various forms, voices and praxis of the discipline and informed by the public humanities, this collection offers readers a new language and framework for reinvigorating literary studies as a productive means to answer life’s most significant questions. The volume as a whole positions literary studies as vital to the conversation about value, civic engagement and purpose as it shapes not only the lives of students but also the future of higher education.
7
Davey, Nicholas. Negative Hermeneutics and the Question of Practice. Bloomsbury Publishing Plc, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781350347687.
Abstract (sommario):
How do words and images function hermeneutically? How does hermeneutic practice work? Answering these questions and more, Nicholas Davey develops the hermeneutical foundations of creative practice. In doing so, he not only uncovers the significance of philosophical hermeneutics for the arts and the humanities, but defends the humanities as a whole from the current scepticism inspired by deconstruction and post-structuralism. Taking Gadamer’s language ontology as its cue, this pioneering volume not only addresses certain weaknesses that Davey observes in Gadamer’s thought but further takes Gadamerian thinking beyond Gadamer himself. In particular, Davey investigates the productive value of negativity that is central to hermeneutics and to wider spheres of creative learning. Advocating a renewed confidence in hermeneutics and the humanities, Negative Hermeneutics and the Question of Practice reveals how hermeneutical thinking provides a map of the dynamics within creative practice, eliminating the need for an externally imposed ‘theory’ of the arts.
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Spillman, Lyn. Culture and Economic Life. A cura di Jeffrey C. Alexander, Ronald N. Jacobs e Philip Smith. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195377767.013.6.
Abstract (sommario):
This article examines the role of culture in economic life. Research about economic meaning-making challenges economists’ universalistic assumptions about the microinteractional and motivational meaning of economic action. It also improves on vague sociological stereotypes of “market society,” especially by emphasizing meaningful market action in firms and industries. However, the proliferation of so many different conceptual languages and lines of inquiry that now address “economic culture” threatens to undermine the promise of cultural explanation of economic life. This article first discusses the various “cultural production” accounts of meaning in economic action before outlining three different dimensions of meaning-making in economic sociology. It then considers some proposals and models for putting economic discourse at the center of analysis, arguing that proliferation and eclecticism reflect the need for a more comprehensive and explicit engagement with cultural theory.
9
Church, Joseph. Rock in the Musical Theatre. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190943462.001.0001.
Abstract (sommario):
Rock ’n’ roll music and its offshoots, including pop, hard rock, rap, r&b, funk, folk, and many others, have become the standard language of today’s musical theatre. Theatre singers, performers, and coaches need a source of information on these styles, their origins, and their performance practices. Rock in the Musical Theatre: A Guide for Singers fills this need. Today’s musical theatre training programs are now including rock music in their coursework and rock songs and musicals in their repertoires. This is a text for those trainees, mentors, courses, and productions. It will also be of great value to working professionals, teachers, music directors, and coaches less familiar with rock styles, or who want to improve their rock-related skills. The author, an experienced music director, vocal coach, and university professor, and an acknowledged expert on rock music in the theatre, examines the many aspects of performing rock music in the theatre and offers practical advice through a combination of aesthetic and theoretical study; extensive discussions of musical, vocal, and acting techniques; and chronicles of coaching sessions. The book also includes advice from working actors, casting directors, and music directors who specialize in rock music for the stage.
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Pietroski, Paul M. Introducing concepts. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198812722.003.0003.
Abstract (sommario):
Concepts are here considered to be composable mental symbols that can be used to think about things. But an animal may have various languages of thought whose symbols exhibit multiple formats, in ways that keep the animal from combining its mental symbols systematically and productively. This chapter argues that lexicalization is often a process of using available concepts to introduce concepts that exhibit a distinctive format that promotes systematic productive composition. More specifically, the introduced atomic concepts are predicative (monadic) or minimally relational (dyadic); and the new complex concepts are predicative and conjunctive, in ways that would have been familiar to Aristotle and medieval logicians. Much of the chapter is devoted to the relevant notion of a predicate—which contrasts with the modern notion of a function from entities to truth values—and the relevant forms of conjunction, which do not presuppose variables.
Capitoli di libri sul tema "Language value production":
1
Proverbio, Paola. "The Value System of Objects Through the Interpretation of Photographic Language". In Springer Series in Design and Innovation, 156–64. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-49811-4_15.
Abstract (sommario):
AbstractThe design object finds in photographic representation a way - parallel to that of graphics - to the indispensable process of design reading. Photographic research has long been intertwined with the process of cultural qualification of the design object. The project that photography brings to bear on design is a visual narrative which, through an immediately comprehensible language, stands as a true parallel narrative, interrelated, yet not necessarily coinciding altogether with that of the written word. The object begins to circulate through the different channels of communication - from corporate catalogs to advertising pages and magazines - reaching distant people and places, sometimes even before the physical object enters the channels of distribution. This symbiotic relationship means that the object is very often accompanied by a valuable wealth of images, documenting and communicating its value system and its design, production and commercial processes, enriched over time by the shots taken by several ‘hands’, that is, by different authors who offer the opportunity for a multifaceted reading of the product. This text intends to give an example of the added value that photography represents for design through a series of paradigmatic cases (such as Gio Ponti’s Superleggera or Ettore Sottsass’s Valentine), which traverse the history of Italian industrial design from its early stage.
2
Clossey, Luke. "10. Making Canon". In Jesus and the Making of the Modern Mind, 1380-1520, 241–64. Cambridge, UK: Open Book Publishers, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.11647/obp.0371.10.
Abstract (sommario):
The first half of this chapter looks at how deep-ken value was added to Bibles and Qur'ans with calligraphy, decoration, and sacred language. The second half shows how there developed a more plain-ken attitude, which manifested in an acceptance of messy vernacular translations and two efficiency revolutions—(1) automation in Bible production through the printing press and (2) miniaturization in Qur'an production with the shift from the “perfect” muhaqqaq script to the workhorse naskh. In the plain ken, all meaning is constructed in history, by humans for humans, independent of other factors. In the deep ken, meaning is deeply contextualized, independent of historical time, but dependent on consonance. The deep ken found value in reading a high-quality edition of scripture with a serious and purposeful mindset, while the plain ken held scripture's meaning to be constant, regardless of where or how one read it.
3
Dierickx, Laurence, Carl-Gustav Lindén e Andreas L. Opdahl. "The Information Disorder Level (IDL) Index: A Human-Based Metric to Assess the Factuality of Machine-Generated Content". In Disinformation in Open Online Media, 60–71. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-47896-3_5.
Abstract (sommario):
AbstractLarge language models have enabled the rapid production of misleading or fake narratives, presenting a challenge for direct detection methods. Considering that generative artificial intelligence tools are likely to be used either to inform or to disinform, evaluating the (non)human nature of machine-generated content is questioned, especially regarding the ‘hallucination’ phenomenon, which relates to generated content that does not correspond to real-world input. In this study, we argue that assessing machine-generated content is most reliable when done by humans because doing so involves critical consideration of the meaning of the information and its informative, misinformative or disinformative value, which is related to the accuracy and reliability of the news. To explore human-based judgement methods, we developed the Information Disorder Level (IDL) index, a language-independent metric to evaluate the factuality of machine-generated content. It has been tested on a corpus of forty made-up and actual news stories generated with ChatGPT. For newsrooms using generative AI, results suggest that every piece of machine-generated content should be vetted and post-edited by humans before being published. From a digital media literacy perspective, the IDL index is a valuable tool to understand the limits of generative AI and trigger a reflection on what constitutes the factuality of a reported event.
4
Strelluf, Christopher. "Chapter 9. Child and adolescent transmission and incrementation in acquisition in historical sociophonetic data from English in Missouri, 1880–2000". In Lifespan Acquisition and Language Change, 203–33. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ahs.14.09str.
Abstract (sommario):
Phonological conditioning of allophones of /æ/ is typologically important for American Englishes and a site of ongoing sound change. Combining historical and present-day data, this chapter traces productions of /æ/ in the US state of Missouri from the 1880s to 1990s. It reveals a transition to a nasal /æ/ system that progressed via children’s probabilistic calculations, as children initially acquired the /æ/ of their speech community (transmission) and then introduced innovations as they approached adulthood (incrementation). It also posits roots for the actuation of modern-day /æ/-backing in turn-of-the-century associations with high socioeconomic status and/or metropolitan Kansas City, which may have initiated incrementation. These findings highlight the value of historical sociophonetic explorations of sound changes as consequences of cognitive processes of language acquisition.
5
Maselli, Vincenzo. "Puppets’ Tales. New Design Perspectives for a Multimedia Archive of a Humanity’s Intangible Heritage". In Springer Series in Design and Innovation, 65–74. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-49811-4_7.
Abstract (sommario):
AbstractIn 2008 UNESCO has recognized Puppets as expressions of intangible cultural heritage and, since then, thirteen traditions from around the world have been included in the UNESCO intangible cultural heritage list. In the last decades puppets have been object of study and cultural fascination. This paper aims at suggesting an unprecedented perspective in reading, displaying and narrating this priceless intangible cultural heritage, by both outlining its aesthetic, and symbolic values, and enhancing its processual and material features. These thoughts open a research path that applies the point of view and the tools of multimedia design to tell the narratives, the craft and production traditions of objects that have crossed the history of humanity. The aim is to create a multimedia archive filled with audiovisual artefacts produced by hybridizing documentary media (photographs, videos and interviews) with fictional productions (drawings, scripted dialogues and animated sequences). To test the validity of using hybrid languages and visual codes a didactic experiment will be described. Students of a Multimedia design class were asked to design an archive of audiovisual artefacts that stage under a new perspective the cultural roots, materials and production processes of a tradition worthy of being visually narrated.
6
Horejš, Otakar, Martin Mareš, Michal Straka, Jiří Švéda e Tomáš Kozlok. "Adaptive Thermal Error Compensation Model of a Horizontal Machining Centre". In Lecture Notes in Production Engineering, 83–98. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-34486-2_7.
Abstract (sommario):
AbstractThe state-of-the-art method to reduce CNC machine tool thermal errors is real-time error compensation based on the thermal error estimation models. However, it is difficult to establish a thermal error compensation model with good versatility, high accuracy, and strong robustness due to various manufacturing conditions and a thermally varying surrounding environment. It causes that thermal behaviour of the machine tools is nonlinear and varying in real time. Consequently, the pre-trained and non-adaptive model may not be accurate and robust enough for long-term application. The presented research shows a systematic adaptation technique to update the thermal error compensation model of a horizontal machining centre under varying conditions, which differ from the calibration test. System identification theory is applied to build a dynamic thermal error model for a horizontal machining centre based on calibration test. Linear parametric models of autoregressive with external input (ARX) present an established dynamic method, and its modelling and calculation speed are suitable for real-time applications. Additionally, process-intermittent probing and thermal error model are integrated into the machine management software of the horizontal machining centre to monitor and compensate for thermal errors at the tool centre point (TCP) in real time using C#/C++ programming language. The results show that the prediction accuracy measured as peak-to-peak values and the normalized root mean squared error of the thermal error compensation models are improved by up to 33% and 51%, respectively, when adaptive compensation model is applied.
7
Radding, Cynthia. "The Yoreme Creation of Itom Ania in Northwestern Mexico: Histories of Cultural Landscapes". In Living with Nature, Cherishing Language, 125–52. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-38739-5_5.
Abstract (sommario):
AbstractLanguage, traditional ecological knowledge, and the defense of territory come together in this chapter focused on the Yoreme communities of the Mayo river basin of northwestern Mexico. Language plays a fundamental role in our interpretation of the rich archival sources that allow us to comprehend the deeply rooted knowledge base that Indigenous peoples developed from their material and spiritual worlds. It is also an essential part of the living histories we construct in collaboration with the Indigenous peoples that maintain their traditions in a radically transformed ecological region through their ritual cycles and collective memories. The analysis of changes in land tenure and use presented here privileges Indigenous knowledge of landforms, biological species, and the cultural values that the communities of this region ascribed to the physical features and the territorial extension of the spaces they inhabited and defended. Its objectives seek to highlight the parallel production of oral and written sources and to contribute an historical analysis that is useful for the Yoreme communities in their present-day defense of their territory and its resources.
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Muro, Alessio. "Cross-linguistic considerations on preverb stacking (with special reference to Bulgarian)". In Biblioteca di Studi Slavistici, 137–52. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-6453-698-9.10.
Abstract (sommario):
The term preverb stacking (PS) designates the co-occurrence on one verbal base of two or more prefixes bearing spatial, aspectual, or quantificational meanings. The phenomenon is especially productive in Slavic but is also attested in other Indo-European and non-Indo-European languages. This paper provides a first attempt at a cross-linguistic typology of PS. It will also pay attention to problems typical of Slavic (i.e. the interaction of PS and the aspectual value of the verb in terms of the typical Slavic perfective vs. imperfective dichotomy). Special attention will be paid to Bulgarian.
9
Uljens, Michael. "Non-affirmative Education Theory as a Language for Global Education Discourse in the Twenty-First Century". In Non-affirmative Theory of Education and Bildung, 357–71. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-30551-1_17.
Abstract (sommario):
AbstractGiven the crisis of neoliberal education policy in operation since the 1990s, non-affirmative theories of general education, didactics, and subject matter didactics provide a productive language for global education discourse in the twenty-first century. This school of thought has the capacity to operate as a global meta-language of education due to how it defines the teaching-studying-learning process and how it perceives the dynamic relationship between different forms of societal practices. Given that education praxis occurs at different levels, and does not affirmatively mediate between the learner and society, and educates for a nonhierarchically organised societal praxis, teaching needs to recognise but not instrumentally affirm neither societal interests nor the learner’s life world. Rather, non-affirmative pedagogy helps us to identify and empirically study, at different levels, how education co-creates pedagogical spaces for discerning thought and reflexive practices around experiences, knowledge, and values. The approach offers itself as an alternative to contemporary educational policies such as academic factualism, educational performativism and competencism, pedagogical activism, and instructional technologism.
10
"Exploring Register Knowledge: The Value of “Controlled Improvisation”". In Methods for Studying Language Production, 229–52. Psychology Press, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781410601599-16.
Atti di convegni sul tema "Language value production":
1
Bernier, Edgar, e Sebastien Perrier. "Natural Language Processing and Text Mining Approaches in Production Shortfalls Analytics: Methodology, Case-Study and Value in the North Sea". In SPE Offshore Europe Conference & Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/205443-ms.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract Maximizing operational efficiency is a critical challenge in oil and gas production, particularly important for mature assets in the North Sea. The causes of production shortfalls are numerous, distributed across a wide range of disciplines, technical and non-technical causes. The primary reason to apply Natural Language Processing (NLP) and text mining on several years of shortfall history was the need to support efficiently the evaluation of digital transformation use-case screenings and value mapping exercises, through a proper mapping of the issues faced. Obviously, this mapping contributed as well to reflect on operational surveillance and maintenance strategies to reduce the production shortfalls. This paper presents a methodology where the historical records of descriptions, comments and results of investigation regarding production shortfalls are revisited, adding to existing shortfall classifications and statistics, in particular in two domains: richer first root-cause mapping, and a series of advanced visualizations and analytics. The methodology put in place uses natural-language pre-processing techniques, combined with keyword-based text-mining and classification techniques. The limitations associated to the size and quality of these language datasets will be described, and the results discussed, highlighting the value of reaching high level of data granularity while defeating the ‘more information, less attention’ bias. At the same time, visual designs are introduced to display efficiently the different dimensions of this data (impact, frequency evolution through time, location in term of field and affected systems, root causes and other cause-related categories). The ambition in the domain of visualization is to create User Experience-friendly shortfall analytics, that can be displayed in smart rooms and collaborative rooms, where display's efficiency is higher when user-interactions are kept minimal, number of charts is limited and multiple dimensions do not collide. The paper is based on several applications across the North Sea. This case study and the associated lessons learned regarding natural language processing and text mining applied to similar technical concise data are answering several frequently asked questions on the value of the textual data records gathered over years.
2
Marlot, Maxime, Ming Xiang Lee, Asyraf Irfan Bin Muhammad Adib, Prasanna Kumar Tellapaneni e Edwin Lawrence. "Unlocking Value from Text: Visualizing Insights with Natural Language Processing in Unstructured Oil and Gas Reports". In SPE/IATMI Asia Pacific Oil & Gas Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/215216-ms.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract In the ever-evolving oil and gas industry, engineers rely on effective risk identification, real-time operation monitoring, and accurate equipment assessment in their daily work. These crucial insights are captured as operator’s comments within reports such as the daily production report (DPR), daily drilling report (DDR), and well completion report (WCR), providing valuable information on field performance and well activities. However, the sheer volume and unstructured nature of these reports pose challenges, making it laborious and time consuming to manually extract and interpret key insights. This process often takes several days to complete, hindering timely well monitoring, limiting proactive event mitigation, and constraining performance improvement. As a result, valuable insights are missed, leading to revenue losses caused by delayed or uninformed decision making following reported issues. Furthermore, data visualization plays a vital role in transforming knowledge and complex information into actionable insights. However, a significant challenge lies in the visualization of these insights to facilitate informed decision making. Currently, there is a lack of robust systems that effectively transform unstructured textual data into visually accessible formats. Converting raw information into insights enables engineers to quickly derive meaningful interpretations. By employing appropriate data visualization techniques, pattern identification can be discovered, empowering decision makers to make well-informed and more accurate choices. Effective data visualization enhances well performance monitoring, expedites risk mitigation efforts, and facilitates proactive decision making. In this paper we emphasize the importance of transforming the knowledge available in oil and gas reports into actionable insights through proficient information extraction and visualization, highlighting its central role in driving operational success.
3
Kaizerová, Petra. "A probe inside the poetic form of mysticism of Slovak Romantic Messianists". In The Figurativeness of the Language of Mystical Experience. Brno: Masaryk University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p210-9997-2021-17.
Abstract (sommario):
The Slovak Romantic Messianism is perceived by us as a phenomenon growing from a specific current epochal situation relating to a relatively rich tradition, which existed in the Slovak cultural context already in previous historical periods. By considering the characteristic features of production, its existence was often relativised. Nevertheless, it represents an important testimony of a concrete epoch. Its artistic implementation (perhaps today more than in the past) is being well appreciated, thanks to its interesting form and to its expressive and narrative strength or value. By focusing our attention on its expressive and thematic means, it is possible to prove that the authors tried to mediate a mystical experience to the readers. As mystagogues, they introduced and initiated the readers to the mysteries of God’s plans aiming at transformation of this world. In this sense, through their literary production, they invoked and prayed God to give them a chance to live a direct mystic experience in the reality. By pursuing this purpose, they filled their poetry with curious archaisms and neologisms (the so-called self-creation of language). They gave way to a speculative etymologism and poetical forms. Generally, they were syncretically stylying poetical shapes. And they often exploited experiments or complex strophic structures.
4
Alif, Jan, Tit Podhraški, Špela Tertinek e Drago Bokal. "Towards a Domain Specific Language for Description of Longitudinal Business Processes Related to Digital and Green Transformation". In 43rd International Conference on Organizational Science Development. University of Maribor Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.18690/um.fov.3.2024.1.
Abstract (sommario):
We investigate abstract common traits of longitudinal processes related to digital and green transformation of business processes, such as LCA analysis, CO2 footprint evaluation, and production cost analysis. The common abstraction allows to develop general tools and joint understanding of the three most relevant analytical processes significant to economic entities: production cost allows the undertaking to stay competitive, while conforming to forthcoming regulation involving either calculation of CO2 footprint (relevant to most value chains in European economy) or LCA analysis of products (relevant to major undertakings that are subject to sustainability reporting regulations). The result is an idea for a domain specific language that describes the concepts to calculate the stated process indicators and describe the data required in these calculations.
5
Innocent, Okechukwu Prince. "Application of Machine Learning in Predicting Crude Oil Production Volume". In SPE Nigeria Annual International Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/207079-ms.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract The production of oil is of great and immense significance as a source of energy worldwide. The major factors affecting the production volume of oil is classified into two groups namely the geological and the human factor. Each group comprises of factors affecting oilfield production volume. The challenge in this project is to find the variable for the crude oil production volume in an oilfield because there are numerous factors affecting the crude oil production volume in an oilfield. The objective of this paper is to provide a more accurate and efficient solution on how to predict the oil production volume. Furthermore, Machine Learning algorithm called Multiple Linear Regression was developed using Python programming Language to predict the production volume of oil in an oilfield. The model was developed and fitted to train and test the factors that affect and influence the oil production volume. After a several studies have been made, the affecting factors were provided from the oilfield which would be trained and tested in order to model the relationship between predictor variable and response variable which are the significant affecting factors and the oil production volume respectively. The predictor variables are the startup number of wells, the recovery percent of previous year, the injected water volume of previous year and the oil moisture content of previous year. The predictor variable is the oil production volume. Moreover, the model was found to possess greater utility in predicting the production volume of oil as it yielded an oil production volume output with an accuracy of 98 percent. The relationship between oil production volume and the affecting factors was observed and drawn to a perfect conclusion. This model can be of immense value in the oil and gas industry if implemented because of its ability to predict oilfield output more accurately. It is an invaluable and very efficient model for the oilfield manager and oil production manager.
6
Sinitsa, Katherine. "ADDING MOBILITY TO THE ADL LANGUAGE COURSE". In eLSE 2013. Carol I National Defence University Publishing House, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-13-130.
Abstract (sommario):
E-learning becomes a widely used form of educational service provided with or without teacher's support as a pre-study, main course, self-study support, or refreshment. A variety of course development tools, simple and free, or sophisticated and costly, are available for course development. Together with didactic-supported methodology and guidelines for learning content development, these instruments ensure a pedagogical quality of the resulting course. If a course development tool produces a learning content according to the SCORM standard [], it enables its usage as a whole or by some components - learning objects - by a large audience, i.e. those who can access it from a SCORM-compliant learning management system. Reusability, i.e. a capacity of being applied in various contexts, is an important feature for raising efficiency of learning content production and its ROI. So far, SCORM as a technical standard ensured technical side of reusability, whereas a didactically meaningful combination of the learning object was a responsibility of a course designer. Steady growth of users going on-line from their mobile devices - phones, smartphones, tablets, e-books - pushes mobile content development. Mobile learning research matured, growing from small sessions and workshops to an individual trend, resulting in a number of big international conferences. The research in m-learning emphasizes on its innovative and informal aspects, highlighting new learning activities and scenarios, enabling creativity, interaction and collaboration [ ]. Rough summary of m-learning could be visualized as isolated islands of innovative learning experiences, together with early pilots on mobile access to the web-based learning content and studies of basic content features accessible across various mobile platforms. Although some attention has been paid to the "legacy" content and its transfer to the mobile-accessible format, this issue has been addressed solely from a technical viewpoint. Thus, the quality of the resulting mobile learning was not a subject of study, and the differences in e-learning and m-learning environments were not addressed. This study is intended to extend the understanding of the reusability concept beyond technical solutions and emphasize on the value of didactically sound content in a similar way it is done by the Learning Design []. The ultimate goal may be seen in providing some guidelines for transformation of e-learning course to its m-learning version ensuring the preservation didactical quality. The purpose of this paper is to identify differences between e-learning and m-learning environments, and explore factors that may influence the quality of the e-learning content delivered in m-learning environment using a language course as an example. Khan's e-learning framework [ ] was selected as an instrument for the learning environment analysis. The proposed framework comprises eight dimensions, along which factors influencing the quality of the e-learning environment under study are analyzed. Since its introduction, the framework has been applied to various large-scale and small-scale environments. The language learning content is represented by the ELTEC - a self-study language course [ ] which is intended for enhancement of the professional tasks-oriented language skills. The course is highly interactive though some learning activities are preceded by the explanations and illustrations. Comparison of language learning activities within e-learning and m-learning environments led to some guidelines for creation of mobile version of the ELTEC. It was concluded that due to the environment differences and specifics of the mobile devices the course should be re-organized before being transformed to the mobile version, preserving the purpose but re-defining learning objectives.
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Rodrigues, J. "Applying Particle Swarm Optimisation Technique to Calculate Rod Torque Limits for Wells and Preventing Impending PCP Rod Failures". In SPE Conference at Oman Petroleum & Energy Show. SPE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/218629-ms.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract Most of the producing oil wells require some form of artificial lift for pumping production fluids to the surface (Bates, Cosad et al. 2004). The Progressing cavity pump (PCP) is considered as one of the most robust types of artificial lift method. About 10 to 15 percent of almost one million wells worldwide produce oil with the help of PCPs. PCPs are very efficient and can handle a range of viscosities, gas-liquid ratios, and solids production. Over the years, one of the most pressing concern of operators using PCPs in their Oil-fields have been, high workover costs and subsequent failures. If the operators do not take care of the PCP installation and take care of the PCP whilst start up, then the PCP efficiency gradually declines over time and the PCP fails at some point of time. This can be attributed to High Torque, Pump Deterioration, Parting of the Rods and other such failures. Due to the failure the financial costs are substantial accompanied by lost production, workover rig costs, replacement costs and intervention costs. To reduce failures operators are investing in real-time surveillance systems to monitor PCP performance using downhole measurements and raise alarms in case of abnormal events such as tripping's or failures. This is done by monitoring various parameters and then action is taken based on the operator's ability to discern the impending failure based on some signature trends. However, more often than usual at this stage it is already too late to do anything that could save the pump or the whole PCP system. Thus, it is important to move from a reactive to a proactive approach. This paper offers such an approach. Specifically, a analytical solution is proposed to proactively calculate and suggest a Torque value within which the PCP should work to deliver the required deliverability from the reservoir. statistical techniques for dimensionality. This analytical solution combines engineering principles with mathematical models to detect a suitable torque long before the PCP crosses this value in an actual well startup scenario. Supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems and data historians bring about an increased value by optimizing the work procedure or Workflow. Particle swarm optimization (PSO) is one such technique that can be used in conjunction with the workflow to monitor an important parameter such as Rod torque to enable the production engineer to calculate the most suitable hydraulic torque limit for the oil and gas well where a PCP (Progressive cavity pump) is installed. Thus, if a situation arises where the Torque limit is not calculated correctly, this implementation of this analytical solution which is implemented in Python programming language can prevent the wrong Torque value from being calculated and result in saving the PCP pump.
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Visser, J. D., e P. Carydias. "Lite Optimisation and Recommender Systems for Maintenance Inventory Management". In ADIPEC. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/216498-ms.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract Objectives/Scope This work aims to develop a systematic methodology for the optimisation of maintenance inventory management, independent of industry or project lifecycle stages (greenfield and brownfield). The objective is to enable operators to integrate the use of ‘lite’ dynamic optimisation and recommender systems into existing or proposed business processes, systems, and ways of working. Additionally, this work aims to explore methodologies for enabling the sustainment and ongoing improvement of such systems within a complex asset management context. Methods, Procedures, Process Leveraging Natural Language Processing (NLP) algorithms to improve the speed and accuracy of identifying and cataloguing interchangeable materials and classifying failure modes from operational maintenance data. These algorithms enable comparative analytics across and within facilities, including reliability modelling, material demand modelling, and production vs maintenance optimisation models. This approach leverages foundational maintenance build analyses outputs such as FMECA, RCM, and cataloguing. Results, Observations, Conclusions Results highlight the ability of these ‘lite’ dynamic optimisation and recommender models to be deployed at speed and to be sustained, whilst enabling significant value gains, across production uptime, maintenance cost, and safety, at low cost (particularly when compared to large software systems). Such systems are also designed to be user and use case centric, enabling them to be dynamic and easy to configure. A recent implementation of our data-driven approach has led to 40% reduction in inventory value while increasing the critical spare materials to enable high asset availability. Novel/Additive Information Advanced text processing algorithms used in conjunction with advanced maintenance and reliability modelling techniques, packaged within ‘lite’ systems. These systems are also live and provide recommendations at a frequency suitable to the operator's business process requirements.
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Barreto, Luisa, e Hugo Gonçalves. "Language and Visual Perception as a Communication tool for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders". In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001409.
Abstract (sommario):
This study aims to create a tool to facilitate pedagogy for children with autism spectrum disorders, with a primary focus on investigating how different alternative communication systems can improve the daily lives of these children.Autism is a psychological disorder that expresses itself in the development of different degrees of affectation of the individual in relation to family and social interactions, revealing very specific behavioral characteristics, and deficits in communication and language. Due to the difficulty of diagnosing this pathology in the first years of a child's life, the treatments implemented are not always the most appropriate. On the other hand, there are several degrees of development of the disease, which are relevant to their ability to interact with people and the world around them. Therefore, and in association with an early diagnosis, it is necessary to find ways to stimulate them towards social interaction and the development of self-esteem and communication, through didactic-pedagogical monitoring. It is estimated that autism affects one in every 160 children in the world, where pedagogical programs do not contemplate the needs of these children, they become discriminated and segregated from the community.The main goal of this study is to create a pedagogical object adapted to individuals with cognitive disabilities, particularly children with autism spectrum disorders, allowing them to develop their cognitive and interaction skills with others. With the support of studies and institutions that work with children with autism spectrum disorders, information was collected to identify which visual elements are more stimulating and provide interaction with other children.Having Communication Design as a tool for creating communication objects, it was concluded that the best way to provide this interaction would be with the creation of a children's storybook suitable to the interests of children with autism spectrum disorders.Thus, a character Miguelito, who travels through the stars and planets, was created. "Miguelito's Journey" is characterized by a specific language, with the objective of improving and adapting its characteristics as much as possible to the perception capacities of children with cognitive disorders in order to facilitate communication between them. The book/game was presented to a sample of five children with autism, with ages ranging from six to ten years old, who were asked to make a joint and final analysis about the storytelling in the book. From this interaction with the developed project, we started observational study, through the collection of qualitative data. This study revealed that illustrations are a key point of help for individuals with cognitive difficulties, since textual production in these cases becomes a difficult medium to understand. These illustrations should be simple, which makes them easier to understand, and the insertion of textured materials is an added value, creating more interest and interaction of children with autism spectrum disorders.
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Hashemi, Mohammad, Rafael Macián-Juan e Martin Ohlerich. "Neutronics Analysis of RBMK-1000 Reactor Using OpenMC: Criticality and Depletion Analysis at 3D Assembly Level". In 2022 29th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone29-90636.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract This article presents the first results of the neutronics analysis of RBMK-1000 at the 3D assembly level using the OpenMC code as an early stage of the long-term large academic research project. The goal of the large academic research project is to develop a Multi-group Monte Carlo computational module around the OpenMC code using Python programming language. The results of this paper include the criticality calculation and depletion analysis of RBMK-1000. The effective multiplication factor value (keff) has been determined. In depletion calculation, the fission reaction rates of U-235, U-236, U-238, production of fissionable materials, and two fission product poisons Xe-135 and Sm-149 have been investigated. There is ongoing work for benchmarking the first results from OpenMC against Serpent 2 Monte Carlo code. The parametric design data of RBMK-1000 have been taken from the OECD - Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA) SFCOMPO 2.0 (Spent Fuel Isotopic Composition) database that includes measured isotopic concentrations of spent nuclear fuel, with operational histories and design data. The case study was the Leningrad-1 NPP. The ENDF/B-VII.1 data library has been used in this analysis. Moreover, this is the first time to date that the OpenMC code has been used in neutronic studies of the RBMK reactors.
Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Language value production":
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Gurung, M. B., Uma Pratap, N. C. T. D. Shrestha, H. K. Sharma, N. Islam e N. B. Tamang. Beekeeping Training for Farmers in Afghanistan: Resource Manual for Trainers [in Urdu]. International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.53055/icimod.564.
Abstract (sommario):
Beekeeping contributes to rural development by supporting agricultural production through pollination and by providing honey, wax, and other products for home use and sale. It offers a good way for resource-poor farmers in the Hindu Kush Himalayas to obtain income, as it requires only a small start-up investment, can be carried out in a small space close to the home, and generally yields profits within a year of operation. A modern approach to bee management, using frame hives and focusing on high quality, will help farmers benefit most fully from beekeeping. This manual is designed to help provide beekeepers with the up-to-date training they need. It presents an inclusive curriculum developed through ICIMOD’s work with partner organizations in Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, and Nepal, supported by the Austrian Development Agency. A wide range of stakeholders – trainers, trainees, government and non-governmental organizations (NGOs), associations and federations, and private entrepreneurs – were engaged in the identification of curriculum needs and in development and testing of the curriculum. The manual covers the full range of beekeeping-related topics, including the use of bees for crop pollination; production of honey, wax and other hive products; honey quality standards; and using value chain and market management to increase beekeepers’ benefits. It also includes emerging issues and innovations regarding such subjects as indigenous honeybees, gender and equity, integrated pest management, and bee-related policy. The focus is on participatory hands-on training, with clear explanations in simple language and many illustrations. The manual provides a basic resource for trainers and field extension workers in government and NGOs, universities, vocational training institutes, and private sector organizations, and for local trainers in beekeeping groups, beekeeping resource centres, cooperatives, and associations, for use in training Himalayan farmers. Individual ICIMOD regional member countries are planning local language editions adapted for their countries’ specific conditions.
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Volkova, Nataliia P., Nina O. Rizun e Maryna V. Nehrey. Data science: opportunities to transform education. [б. в.], settembre 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/3241.
Abstract (sommario):
The article concerns the issue of data science tools implementation, including the text mining and natural language processing algorithms for increasing the value of high education for development modern and technologically flexible society. Data science is the field of study that involves tools, algorithms, and knowledge of math and statistics to discover knowledge from the raw data. Data science is developing fast and penetrating all spheres of life. More people understand the importance of the science of data and the need for implementation in everyday life. Data science is used in business for business analytics and production, in sales for offerings and, for sales forecasting, in marketing for customizing customers, and recommendations on purchasing, digital marketing, in banking and insurance for risk assessment, fraud detection, scoring, and in medicine for disease forecasting, process automation and patient health monitoring, in tourism in the field of price analysis, flight safety, opinion mining etc. However, data science applications in education have been relatively limited, and many opportunities for advancing the fields still unexplored.
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Röders, Jonathan, e Mari Mirasol. Research Brief: Deconstructing the Formerly Armed Actor Threat Stigma. Trust After Betrayal, gennaio 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.59498/68050.
Abstract (sommario):
This research brief highlights the critical importance of deconstructing the threat stigma associated with formerly armed actors (FAAs) to ensure a more inclusive and successful (re)integration process. By challenging the prevailing perception that FAAs are inherently violent beings, disarmament, demobilisation, and reintegration (DDR) programmes can promote societal acceptance and prevent the marginalisation of FAAs. Public awareness campaigns that contribute to a more nuanced understanding of their backgrounds play a key role in reshaping community perceptions and empowering FAAs as active agents in the (re)integration process. Recognising them as individuals with complex motives and experiences, avoiding stigmatising language and providing targeted support and opportunities for their social reintegration, enhance their chances of becoming valued and productive members of their communities.