Tesi sul tema "Knowledge Organization System (KOS)"

Les systèmes d'information biomédicaux actuels reposent sur l'exploitation de données provenant de sources multiples. Les Systèmes d'Organisation de la Connaissance (SOC) permettent d'expliciter la sémantique de ces données, ce qui facilite leur gestion et leur exploitation. Bénéficiant de l'évolution des technologies du Web sémantique, un nombre toujours croissant de SOCs a été élaboré et publié dans des domaines spécifiques tels que la génomique, la biologie, l'anatomie, les pathologies, etc. Leur utilisation combinée, nécessaire pour couvrir tout le domaine biomédical, repose sur la définition de mises en correspondance entre leurs éléments ou mappings. Les mappings connectent les entités des SOCs liées au même domaine via des relations sémantiques. Ils jouent un rôle majeur pour l'interopérabilité entre systèmes, en permettant aux applications d'interpréter les données annotées avec différents SOCs. Cependant, les SOCs évoluent et de nouvelles versions sont régulièrement publiées de façon à correspondre à des vues du domaine les plus à jour possible. La validité des mappings ayant été préalablement établis peut alors être remis en cause. Des méthodes sont nécessaires pour assurer leur cohérence sémantique au fil du temps. La maintenance manuelle des mappings est une possibilité lorsque le nombre de mappings est restreint. En présence de SOCs volumineux et évoluant très rapidement, des méthodes les plus automatiques possibles sont indispensables. Cette thèse de doctorat propose une approche originale pour adapter les mappings basés sur les changements détectés dans l'évolution de SOCs du domaine biomédical. Notre proposition consiste à comprendre précisément les mappings entre SOCs, à exploiter les types de changements intervenant lorsque les SOCs évoluent, puis à proposer des actions de modification des mappings appropriées. Nos contributions sont multiples : (i) nous avons réalisé un travail expérimental approfondi pour comprendre l'évolution des mappings entre SOCs; nous proposons des méthodes automatiques (ii) pour analyser les mappings affectés par l'évolution de SOCs, et (iii) pour reconnaître l'évolution des concepts impliqués dans les mappings via des patrons de changement; enfin (iv) nous proposons des techniques d'adaptation des mappings à base d'heuristiques. Nous proposons un cadre complet pour l'adaptation des mappings, appelé DyKOSMap, et un prototype logiciel. Nous avons évalué les méthodes proposées et le cadre formel avec des jeux de données réelles contenant plusieurs versions de mappings entre SOCs du domaine biomédical. Les résultats des expérimentations ont démontré l'efficacité des principes sous-jacents à l'approche proposée. La maintenance des mappings, en grande partie automatique, est de bonne qualité
Modern biomedical information systems require exchanging and retrieving data between them, due to the overwhelming available data generated in this domain. Knowledge Organization Systems (KOSs) offer means to make the semantics of data explicit which, in turn, facilitates their exploitation and management. The evolution of semantic technologies has led to the development and publication of an ever increasing number of large KOSs for specific sub-domains like genomics, biology, anatomy, diseases, etc. The size of the biomedical field demands the combined use of several KOSs, but it is only possible through the definition of mappings. Mappings interconnect entities of domain-related KOSs via semantic relations. They play a key role as references to enable advanced interoperability tasks between systems, allowing software applications to interpret data annotated with different KOSs. However, to remain useful and reflect the most up-to-date knowledge of the domain, the KOSs evolve and new versions are periodically released. This potentially impacts established mappings demanding methods to ensure, as automatic as possible, their semantic consistency over time. Manual maintenance of mappings stands for an alternative only if a restricted number of mappings are available. Otherwise supporting methods are required for very large and highly dynamic KOSs. To address such problem, this PhD thesis proposes an original approach to adapt mappings based on KOS changes detected in KOS evolution. The proposal consists in interpreting the established correspondences to identify the relevant KOS entities, on which the definition relies on, and based on the evolution of these entities to propose actions suited to modify mappings. Through this investigation, (i) we conduct in-depth experiments to understand the evolution of KOS mappings; we propose automatic methods (ii) to analyze mappings affected by KOS evolution, and (iii) to recognize the evolution of involved concepts in mappings via change patterns; finally (iv) we design techniques relying on heuristics explored by novel algorithms to adapt mappings. This research achieved a complete framework for mapping adaptation, named DyKOSMap, and an implementation of a software prototype. We thoroughly evaluated the proposed methods and the framework with real-world datasets containing several releases of mappings between biomedical KOSs. The obtained results from experimental validations demonstrated the overall effectiveness of the underlying principles in the proposed approach to adapt mappings. The scientific contributions of this thesis enable to largely automatically maintain mappings with a reasonable quality, which improves the support for mapping maintenance and consequently ensures a better interoperability over time

Existing literature indicates that although both academics and practitioners recognize knowledge management (KM) as a source of competitive advantage, users are not always willing to use a knowledge management system (KMS). Because of the social nature of knowledge transfer, a KMS can be considered a socio-technical system. Many explanations have been presented for this failure to utilize the KMS. These explanations include a number of the socio-technical factors relating to people, processes, and technologies. While these factors may have significant explanatory power when examined independently, existing studies have not sufficiently addressed the interactions among all three socio-technical factors or their impacts on KMS usage. The goal of this study was to develop a comprehensive understanding of socio-technical factors that impact KMS usage within decision support systems (DSS). A comprehensive framework was presented that will be helpful in developing and improving KMS initiatives and thus improving KM across the organization. This study identified factors of people (self-efficacy, social ties, and ease of use), processes (leadership, culture/climate, and governance), and technologies (system & information quality, and technology fit) and their influence on KMS system usage. Analysis for this problem required a causal, non-contrived field study employing structural equation modeling. Founded on socio-technical systems theory, nine hypotheses were proposed. Data was collected using a 36 item survey distributed to KMS users from a variety of industries in the United States. Confirmatory factor analysis and an eight-stage structural equation modeling procedure were used to analyze 97 usable responses. The results confirmed that technology-oriented factors predicted knowledge seeking and contributing in DSS. Furthermore, significant positive relationships were confirmed between certain sociotechnical factors including: (1) people and process, (2) people and technology, (3) processes and technology, (4) processes and people, (5) technology and people, and (6) technology and processes. These findings extend the relevance and statistical power of existing studies on KMS usage. This study indicated that the most important concerns for increasing KMS usage were system quality, information quality, and technology fit. Results also confirmed that in the context of this study, people-oriented factors (self-efficacy, social ties, and ease of use/usefulness) and organizational process factors (leadership, organizational culture/climate, and governance) were not critical factors directly responsible for increasing KMS usage. However, the relationships among socio-technical factors all had positive significant relationships. Therefore, investments in people and process-oriented factors will create a more favorable perspective on technology-oriented factors, which in turn can increase KMS usage. On a practical front, this study provided indicators to managers regarding a number of desirable and undesirable conditions that should be taken into consideration when developing or implementing knowledge management initiatives and the systems to support them. This study offered an original contribution to the existing bodies of knowledge on socio-technical factors and KMS usage behavior. The constructs presented in this study highlighted the significance of social and technical relationships in understanding knowledge seeking and contribution in a decision-driven organization.

L’organisation des connaissances est une discipline investie par des bibliothécaires, documentalistes, archivistes spécialistes de l’information, informaticiens et tous professionnels de documents. Elle englobe toutes activités, études et recherches qui élaborent et traitent les processus d’organisation et de présentation des ressources documentaires utiles dans une organisation. Dans ce contexte, le projet ANR Miipa-Doc a pour objectifs d’explorer des nouvelles méthodes d’indexation ascendantes, en utilisant des termes descripteurs formulés par les individus plutôt que choisis parmi une liste préétablie, pour l’organisation des contenus documentaires complexes au sein des entreprises de large taille, et concevoir l’architecture logicielle correspondante.Dans ce projet notre contribution consiste à gérer l’hétérogénéité d’un système d’information d’organisation des contenus documentaires, basé sur une approche orientée métier et un SOC (système d’organisation des connaissances) folksonomique à facette. Nous proposons dans cette gestion une approche incrémentale dirigée par les modèles, issue de l’IDM (ingénierie dirigée par les modèles), basée sur des méta-modèles pour garantir l’aspect d’évolutivité. Après l’implémentation du prototype HyperTaging qui met en place ces deux approches, nous proposons un processus d’évaluation permet de positionner ce prototype et tous SI de classification documentaire dans l’environnement des ECM, en se basant sur des critères d’évaluation fins et particuliers
The knowledge organization is invested by librarians, archivists, information specialists, IT professionals and all discipline of document. It includes all activities, studies and research which develop and treat organization process and presentation of relevant information resources in an organization. In this context the Miipa-Doc project aims to explore new ascendants indexing methods, using descriptors made by individuals rather than selected given list for complex contained in the organization document, in large size companies, and design the corresponding software architecture.Our contribution in this project is to manage the heterogeneity of an information system of document organization, based on a business-oriented approach and a KOS (knowledge organization system) of folksonomy facet. We propose an incremental approach this management model driven, outcome of MDE (Model Driven Engineering), based on meta-models to ensure scalability appearance. After implementing the HyperTaging prototype, that implements both approaches, we propose an evaluation process used to position the prototype and all IS of documentary classification in the environment of ECM based on purposes of delicate and particular evaluation criteria

The revolution of Internet and the Web takes the computer and information technology into a new age. The information on the web is growing very fast. The progress of information and communication technologies has made accessible a large amount of information, which have provided each of us with access to far more information than we can comprehend or manage. This emphasizes the difficulty with the resulting semantic heterogeneity of the diverse sources. Human knowledge is a living organism and as such evolves in time where different people having different viewpoints and using different terminology among people of different cultures and languages, intensify the heterogeneity of the sources even more. These introduce some concrete problems like natural language disambiguation, information retrieval and information integration. Nevertheless, the problem is quite well known in almost every branch of knowledge and has been independently approached by several communities for several decades. To make this huge amount of existing information accessible and manageable while also solving the semantic heterogeneity problem, namely the problem of diversity in knowledge, and therefore support interoperability, it is essential to have a large scale high quality collaborative knowledge base along with a suitable structure as a common ground on which interoperability among people and different systems should be possible. It will play the role of a reference point for communication, assigning clear meaning by accurate disambiguation to exchanged information, communication and automating complex tasks. However, successfully building large scale knowledge bases with maximum coverage is not possible by a single person or a small group of people without collaborative support. It extremely depends on expert community based support. Therefore, it is necessary for experts to work together on knowledge base building. Furthermore, it is very natural that these expert users will be geographically distributed. Web 2.0 has the potential to support information sharing, interoperability and collaboration on the Web. Simplicity, flexibility and easy to use services make it an interactive and collaborative platform which allows them to create or edit their content. The exponential expansion of the Web users and the potentials of Web 2.0 make it the natural platform of choice for developing knowledge bases collaboratively. We propose a highly flexible knowledge base system, which takes into account diversity of knowledge and its evolution in time. The work presented in this thesis is part of a larger project. More specifically the goal of this thesis is to create a powerful and easy to use knowledge base management system to help people in building, organizing a high quality knowledge base and making accessible their knowledge and to support interoperability in real world scenarios.

The revolution of Internet and the Web takes the computer and information technology into a new age. The information on the web is growing very fast. The progress of information and communication technologies has made accessible a large amount of information, which have provided each of us with access to far more information than we can comprehend or manage. This emphasizes the difficulty with the resulting semantic heterogeneity of the diverse sources. Human knowledge is a living organism and as such evolves in time where different people having different viewpoints and using different terminology among people of different cultures and languages, intensify the heterogeneity of the sources even more. These introduce some concrete problems like natural language disambiguation, information retrieval and information integration. Nevertheless, the problem is quite well known in almost every branch of knowledge and has been independently approached by several communities for several decades. To make this huge amount of existing information accessible and manageable while also solving the semantic heterogeneity problem, namely the problem of diversity in knowledge, and therefore support interoperability, it is essential to have a large scale high quality collaborative knowledge base along with a suitable structure as a common ground on which interoperability among people and different systems should be possible. It will play the role of a reference point for communication, assigning clear meaning by accurate disambiguation to exchanged information, communication and automating complex tasks. However, successfully building large scale knowledge bases with maximum coverage is not possible by a single person or a small group of people without collaborative support. It extremely depends on expert community based support. Therefore, it is necessary for experts to work together on knowledge base building. Furthermore, it is very natural that these expert users will be geographically distributed. Web 2.0 has the potential to support information sharing, interoperability and collaboration on the Web. Simplicity, flexibility and easy to use services make it an interactive and collaborative platform which allows them to create or edit their content. The exponential expansion of the Web users and the potentials of Web 2.0 make it the natural platform of choice for developing knowledge bases collaboratively. We propose a highly flexible knowledge base system, which takes into account diversity of knowledge and its evolution in time. The work presented in this thesis is part of a larger project. More specifically the goal of this thesis is to create a powerful and easy to use knowledge base management system to help people in building, organizing a high quality knowledge base and making accessible their knowledge and to support interoperability in real world scenarios.

Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, System Design & Management Program, 2000.
Includes bibliographical references (leaf 75).
Adding to the increasing complexity and ambiguity in products and customer values, the sudden rise in the clockspeed of business operations is forcing existing companies towards a new organizational model, which autonomously integrates knowledge across technologies, functions, and clockspeeds to find optimal solutions. This thesis first analyzes clockspeed characteristics in terms of four dimensions (customer value, product, process, and organization) and clarifies them by means of presentations. Based on this analysis, it develops a conceptual framework and an organizational model for the mixed clockspeed organization: that is, a company whose products individually involve components or elements with different clockspeeds, and where the four dimensions of clockspeed are not necessarily highly correlated. Finally, the thesis proposes an original model for organizing such a mixed clockspeed organization, focused on building an intermediate layer of organization to mediate between the formal business unit structures and the informal human networks that have long been recognized as crucially important for technical organizations.
by Eiichi Tanabe.
S.M.

This presentation will address the difficult task of representing complex concepts in a text in a way that reflects their contextual meaning. The preservation of context enables the disambiguation of a termiÌ s possible multiple senses, and also shows how the term is being used. In developing these ideas we revisit an indexing system called PRECIS, which was developed by Derek Austin in the early 1970s for subject indexing for the British National Bibliography, and subsequently developed by him with the assistance of Mary Dykstra into a adaptable method of linking both the semantics and syntax of indexing terms.

Doctor of Philosophy
Department of Computing and Information Sciences
Scott A. DeLoach
The Organization-Based Multi-Agent Systems (OMAS) paradigm is an approach to address the challenges posed by complex systems. The complexity of these systems, the changing environment where the systems are deployed, and satisfying higher user expectations are some of current requirements when designing OMAS. For the agents in an OMAS to pursue the achievement of a common goal or task, a certain level of coordination and collaboration occurs among them. An objective in this coordination is to make the decision of who does what. Several solutions have been proposed to answer this task allocation question. The majority of the solutions proposed fall in the categories of marked-based approaches, reactive systems, or game theory approaches. A common fact among these solutions is the system information sharing among agents, which is used only to keep the participant agent informed about other agents activities and mission status. To further exploit and take advantage of this system information shared among agents, a framework is proposed to use this information to answer the question who does what, and reduce the communication among agents. DTAACS-OK is a distributed knowledge-based framework that addresses the Single Agent Task Allocation Problem (SAT-AP) and the Multiple Agent Task Allocation Problem (MAT-AP) in cooperative OMAS. The allocation of tasks is based on an identical organization knowledge posses by all agents in the organization. DTAACS-OK di ers with current solutions in that (a) it is not a marked-based approach where task are auctioned among agents, or (b) it is not based on agents behaviour, where the action or lack of action of an agent cause the reaction of other agents in the organization.

Knowledge Management System (KMS) is a necessary concept as knowledge possessed by each individual employee is an intellectual property asset that will provide benefits for any organization. In a company, in terms of KMS, employees’ performance holds an important role in helping run the business of the company becoming sustainable and successful. Therefore, the measurement of employees’ performance based on a balanced scorecard is needed to understand the current business situation. This research helped focus on the perception between the KMS and employee’s performance based on a balanced scorecard (BSC) regarding a financial perspective, customer perspective, internal business process perspective, and learning & growth perspective. A survey was conducted at PT. Vale Indonesia Tbk (Vale) to ascertain these perspectives and perceptions of employees regarding performance based on a BSC. These perception data were analyzed, and conclusions were drawn regarding hypotheses. The findings section of this thesis shows the results in details. The results of the survey showed that the employees had a good perception of the value and benefits of KMS as measured with the BSC with the exception of the financial aspect. The interpretation of the results created recommendations to further implement KMS, and to improve employees’ performance at Vale.

For knowledge intense companies the knowledge and skills of its employees are much more valuable than any physical assets. To share knowledge between its employees, some companies launch knowledge sharing initiatives which aims to spread best practices and increase the expertise of the employees. These initiatives are often supported by technical systems, repositories, which store the information that is to be shared. This report discusses how the value of such a repository, a Wiki containing reference cases of SOA projects at IBM Nordic, can be increased by using processes that aims to better connect it to the organization.

To do this, seven employees at IBM Nordic were interviewed. Four of them were sales people, the main user group of the Wiki. Two were employees at the SOA Acceleration Team, the group responsible for the Wiki. The last interviewee works at Learning and Knowledge, IBM’s internal department for organization-wide knowledge management and education. The answers were analyzed using a framework created using academic theory. This framework consists of four different areas of requirements for the processes connecting the Wiki to the organization. The analysis showed that for IBM the most important area to manage is enablement followed by governance, motivation and finally content.

The report is concluded with recommendations for five processes to connect the Wiki to the organization. The process Internal selling aims to inform the sales people about the existence of the Wiki and how they are to use it. Ensure search engine compatibility makes sure that the sales people are able to find the contents of the Wiki via the intranet based search engines. The process for adding a new case description ensures that new case descriptions which are added to the Wiki is consistent and contains the right kind of information. By validating the case information that is added to the Wiki the acceleration team verifies that the information is correct, increasing its credibility. In the last process, ensure information congruence, the members of the acceleration team updates the guidelines on what information to collect and the information in the Wiki as the information need of the sales people changes. This is done on a regular basis and ensures that the information that is collected and stored is actually useful.

This master’s thesis deals about Knowledge management in a small organization, and identification of knowledge resources and needs and the integration of knowledge management principles into the daily work of the organization. The theoretical part explains the basic terms and assumptions of knowledge management and shows a multidisciplinary overlap of knowledge management. The practical part deals with analysis of current situation of organization, especially in terms of utilization of knowledge resources and their evaluation, and design an appropriate system for managing knowledge in the organization.

"Archiv" ist bei Foucault der Titel für eine historische Größe der Wissensgeschichte, die unter bestimmten Bedingungen der Sagbarkeit zustande kommt und diese zugleich wirksam macht: "Das Archiv ist zunächst das Gesetz dessen, was gesagt werden kann, das System, das das Erscheinen der Aussagen als einzelner Ereignisse beherrscht. Aber das Archiv ist auch das, was bewirkt, daß all diese gesagten Dinge sich nicht bis ins Unendliche in einer amorphen Vielfalt anhäufen, sich auch nicht in eine bruchlose Linearität einschreiben und nicht allein schon bei zufälligen äußeren Umständen verschwinden; sondern daß sie sich in distinkten Figuren anordnen, sich aufgrund vielfältiger Beziehungen miteinander verbinden, gemäß spezifischen Regelmäßigkeiten sich behaupten ( ... )." Archiv in diesem Sinn ist so etwas wie ein Ermöglichungsgrund von Diskursivität, eine Instanz der historischen Analyse, die das Gesagte in seiner Existenz verständlich macht. In dieser Beziehung soll der Begriff im folgenden auf eine Bibliothek bezogen werden, die wie keine andere das Wissen das 17. Jahrhunderts repräsentiert. So kann man jedenfalls sprechen, wenn man im Hinblick auf die in Wolfenbüttel vollendete Büchersammlung blickt, die nicht nur die zweit- oder drittgrößte Bibliothek war, als ihr Gründer, Herzog August, 1666 starb, sondern die mit größter Wahrscheinlichkeit umfangreichste jemals von einem einzelnen Menschen mit größter Sorgfalt zusammengetragene Bibliothek überhaupt ist.

Subject of investigation – management of information and knowledge in the organization JSC „Rūta“. Purpose of work – identification of the usefulness of knowledge and information system for organization‘s management solutions and preparation of the model of the management process. The following tasks have to be solved in order to achieve the purpose of work: • to explain the essence and usefulness of information; • to analyze the usefulness of information and knowledge to the management decision making in the organization; • to prepare the model of the organization information and knowledge management. Methods of investigation. The methods of systematic analysis and synthesis, logical analysis, comparing of results, grouping, graphic portrayal, expert evaluation of the necessity and usefulness of information needs and usefulness, simulation were used to get theoretical results and investigate selected problem. Concepts of information and knowledge are described and analyzed in the work as well as their influence to the activities of the organization. Information system of JSC „Rūta“ is investigated in the work. After the survey of employees and analysis of theoretical material the model of marketing information and knowledge management is created.

This thesis focuses on the concept of learning organizations. The aim of this work is to introduce readers to this concept and to explain basic theoretical background, which will be subsequently applied to a practical example. All work can be divided thematically into two parts. The first part will be devoted to the theory of learning organization, introduction to basic concepts and disciplines on which the principle of a learning organization is built. The second section will discuss the practical side. Selected law office will be subjected to analysis. The results will assess the level of the learning organization, which the law office reaches. Following will be recommended steps to achieve a higher level if possible.

La centralisation des données patients au sein de répertoires numériques soulève des problématiques d’interopérabilité avec les différents systèmes d’information médicaux tels que ceux utilisés en clinique, à la pharmacie ou dans les laboratoires d’analyse. Les instances de santé publique, en charge de développer et de déployer ces dossiers, recommandent l’utilisation de standards pour structurer (syntaxe) et coder l’information (sémantique). Pour les données du diagnostic in vitro (DIV) deux standards sémantiques sont largement préconisés : - la terminologie LOINC® (Logical Observation Identifier Names and Codes) pour représenter les tests de laboratoire ;- l’ontologie SNOMED CT® (Systematized Nomenclature Of MEDicine Clinical Terms) pour exprimer les résultats observés.Ce travail de thèse s’articule autour des problématiques d’interopérabilité sémantique en microbiologie clinique avec deux axes principaux : Comment aligner un Système Organisé de Connaissances du DIV en microbiologie avec l’ontologie SNOMED CT® ? Pour répondre à cet objectif j’ai pris le parti dans mon travail de thèse de développer des méthodologies d’alignement adaptées aux données du diagnostic in vitro plutôt que de proposer une méthode spécifique à l’ontologie SNOMED CT®. Les méthodes usuelles pour l’alignement d’ontologies ont été évaluées sur un alignement de référence entreLOINC® et SNOMED CT®. Les plus pertinentes sont implémentées dans une librairie R, qui sert de point de départ pour créer de nouveaux alignements au sein de bioMérieux. Quels sont les bénéfices et limites d’une représentation formelle des connaissances du DIV ? Pour répondre à cet objectif je me suis intéressée à la formalisation du couple (Observation) au sein d’un compte-rendu de laboratoire. J’ai proposé un formalisme logique pour représenter les tests de la terminologie LOINC® qui a permis de montrer les bénéfices d’une représentation ontologique pour classer et requêter les tests. Dans un second temps, j’ai formalisé un patron d’observations compatible avec l’ontologie SNOMED CT® et aligné sur lesconcepts de la top-ontologie BioTopLite2. Enfin, le patron d’observation a été évaluée afin d’être utilisé au sein des systèmes d’aide à la décision en microbiologie clinique. Pour résumer, ma thèse s’inscrit dans une dynamique de partage et réutilisation des données patients. Les problématiques d’interopérabilité sémantique et de formalisation des connaissances dans le domaine du diagnostic in vitro freinent aujourd’hui encore le développement de systèmes experts. Mes travaux de recherche ont permis de lever certains de ces verrous et pourront être réutilisés dans de nouveaux systèmes intelligents en microbiologie clinique afin de surveiller par exemple l’émergence de bactéries multi-résistantes, et adapter en conséquence des thérapies antibiotiques
The centralization of patient data in different digital repositories raises issues of interoperability with the different medical information systems, such as those used in clinics, pharmacies or in medical laboratories. The public health authorities, charged with developing and implementing these repositories, recommend the use of standards to structure (syntax) and encode (semantic) health information. For data from in vitro diagnostics (IVD) two standards are recommended: - the LOINC® terminology (Logical Observation Identifier Names and Codes) to represent laboratory tests;- the SNOMED CT® ontology (Systematized Nomenclature Of MEDicine Clinical Terms) to express the observed results.This thesis focuses on the semantic interoperability problems in clinical microbiology with two major axes: How can an IVD Knowledge Organization System be aligned with SNOMED CT®? To answer this, I opted for the development of alignment methodologies adapted to the in vitro diagnostic data rather than proposing a specific method for the SNOMED CT®. The common alignment methods are evaluated on a gold standard alignment between LOINC® and SNOMED CT®. Themost appropriate are implemented in an R library which serves as a starting point to create new alignments at bioMérieux.What are the advantages and limits of a formal representation of DIV knowledge? To answer this, I looked into the formalization of the couple ‘test-result’ (observation) in a laboratory report. I proposed a logical formalization to represent the LOINC® terminology and I demonstrated the advantages of an ontological representation to sort and query laboratory tests. As a second step, I formalized an observation pattern compatible with the SNOMED CT® ontology and aligned onthe concept of the top-ontology BioTopLite2. Finally, the observation pattern was evaluated in order to be used within clinical microbiology expert systems. To resume, my thesis addresses some issues on IVD patient data share and reuse. At present, the problems of semantic interoperability and knowledge formalization in the field of in vitro diagnostics hampers the development of expert systems. My research has enabled some of the obstacles to be raised and could be used in new intelligent clinical microbiology systems, for example in order to be able to monitor the emergence of multi resistant bacteria and consequently adapt antibiotic therapies

Den Begriff "Dispositiv" hat Foucault nicht viel länger als den des "Archivs" benutzt. Nach seinem eigenen Bekenntnis sind Begriffe nur "Werkzeuge" des Analysierens, einer methodologischen Fixierung war er grundsätzlich abhold und privilegierte lieber die Erfindung passender Kategorien im konkreten Zusammenhang historischer Forschungen. Vom Dispositiv spricht er am ausführlichsten im Zusammenhang mit seinem Spätwerk, der "Geschichte der Sexualität". Der Begriff ist jenseits dieses Verwendungszusammenhangs allerdings auch anderweitig erfolgreich benutzt worden, und kann auch im hier angesprochenen Zusammenhang eine gewisse Geltung beanspruchen. Als Dispositiv kann eine Bibliothek im Foucaultschen Sinne angesehen werden, wenn institutionelle, administrative und architektonische Gesichtspunkte im Sinne eines Ensembles oder eines Netzwerks rekonstruierbar sind. Dafür liegen in Wolfenbüttel jedenfalls eine Reihe von historischen Zeugnissen vor. Oie Bibliothek als Dispositiv zu verstehen, bedeutet weiterhin, das intellektuelle Unternehmen ihrer Anlage und Disposition, ihrer Vermehrung und ihrer Verfügbarkeit, im Zusammenhang mit administrativen, institutionellen Maßnahmen und allgemein einer Politik ihrer Handhabung zu sehen.

Tout d’abord, nous abordons les problématiques liées à l’organisation et à la gestion des connaissances ainsi que les principes présidant à l’élaboration des classifications à facettes. Nous proposons ensuite une synthèse des méthodes existantes d’élaboration de classifications à facettes. Nous poursuivons en réalisant une analyse de l’impact des types de Systèmes d’Information sur l’activité de gestion de l’information. Ce faisant, nous produisons une analyse de l’activité inspirée de la Théorie de l’Activité, et influencée par les travaux de la psychologie du travail et de l’ergonomie cognitive. Le prototype Hypertagging développé dans le cadre du projet Miipa-Doc fondé sur le tagging des utilisateurs et structuré par les principes de la classification à facettes est présenté. Notre expérimentation sur l’élaboration de classifications à facettes pour la gestion des documents de travail est détaillée. Enfin, nous exposons notre méthodologie d’élaboration de FolkClassifications à facettes pour la gestion des connaissances métier. Elle vise à appuyer une démarche de gestion des connaissances sur la gestion personnelle de l’information
We address Knowledge Organization and Knowldege Management general issues and we present the basic principles for the development of faceted classifications. Then we introduce a synthesis of existing methods to develop this kind of classification. Next we propose an analysis of effects of Information Systems on information management activities. By doing this, we produce an analysis of the concept of activity inspired by Activity Theory, occupational psychology and french ergonomics. A presentation of Hypertagging prototype developed in the frame of Miipa-Doc research project, based on users tagging and structured by faceted classification principles, is provided. Our experiment about generating faceted classification for document management activities is detailed. Finally, we expose our method for the development of faceted classification for Knowledge Management purposes in the context of specific trades. This Knowledge Management approach is incorporated in Knowledge Organization activities

"Archiv" ist bei Foucault der Titel für eine historische Größe der Wissensgeschichte, die unter bestimmten Bedingungen der Sagbarkeit zustande kommt und diese zugleich wirksam macht: "Das Archiv ist zunächst das Gesetz dessen, was gesagt werden kann, das System, das das Erscheinen der Aussagen als einzelner Ereignisse beherrscht. Aber das Archiv ist auch das, was bewirkt, daß all diese gesagten Dinge sich nicht bis ins Unendliche in einer amorphen Vielfalt anhäufen, sich auch nicht in eine bruchlose Linearität einschreiben und nicht allein schon bei zufälligen äußeren Umständen verschwinden; sondern daß sie sich in distinkten Figuren anordnen, sich aufgrund vielfältiger Beziehungen miteinander verbinden, gemäß spezifischen Regelmäßigkeiten sich behaupten ( ... )." Archiv in diesem Sinn ist so etwas wie ein Ermöglichungsgrund von Diskursivität, eine Instanz der historischen Analyse, die das Gesagte in seiner Existenz verständlich macht. In dieser Beziehung soll der Begriff im folgenden auf eine Bibliothek bezogen werden, die wie keine andere das Wissen das 17. Jahrhunderts repräsentiert. So kann man jedenfalls sprechen, wenn man im Hinblick auf die in Wolfenbüttel vollendete Büchersammlung blickt, die nicht nur die zweit- oder drittgrößte Bibliothek war, als ihr Gründer, Herzog August, 1666 starb, sondern die mit größter Wahrscheinlichkeit umfangreichste jemals von einem einzelnen Menschen mit größter Sorgfalt zusammengetragene Bibliothek überhaupt ist.

Cette thèse porte sur le problème du transport à la demande (TAD). Nous proposons trois approches décentralisées basées sur les systèmes multi-agents pour résoudre ce problème. La première approche multi-agent utilise l'algorithme A* afin de trouver une solution optimale dans un réseau routier caractérisé par des vitesses de voyage constantes. Des expérimentations sont effectuées sur le réseau routier d'une ville libanaise appelée Tripoli et de bons résultats sont obtenus. Cependant, dans une ville comme Tripoli, les vitesses de voyage dépendent fortement de la situation dynamique du trafic routier. Pour cette raison, la deuxième approche multi-agent massif vient remédier à la première en tenant compte de l'évolution du trafic. Le réseau routier est considéré comme dynamique déterministe. Il se caractérise par des vitesses de voyages dépendantes de la situation habituelle du trafic. Ces vitesses sont pré-calculées en se basant sur des connaissances historiques du trafic routier. Les résultats expérimentaux montrent que le nombre de clients insatisfaits est supérieur à 50 % si les vitesses sont considérées comme constantes. Or, les connaissances historiques ne suffisent pas pour refléter la situation réelle du trafic surtout en cas d'apparition d'un événement imprévu tel qu'un accident sur le réseau. Pour cela, une troisième approche multi-agent massif auto-organisé est proposée. Le réseau routier est considéré comme dynamique stochastique caractérisé par des vitesses de voyage dépendantes de la situation réelle du trafic. Cette approche représente l'organisation dynamique du trafic à son échelle en se basant sur des connaissances historiques du trafic et sur des informations du trafic en temps réel. Les trajectoires des véhicules et leurs durées sont calculées et recalculées en ligne à chaque fois qu'un événement imprévu perturbe la situation habituelle du trafic. Les résultats expérimentaux montrent que jusqu'à 39 % des clients seront insatisfaits si un accident routier n'est pas considéré durant le traitement de leurs demandes. Autrement, 50 % à 100 % de ces clients sont satisfaits
This thesis addresses the problem of on-demand transport (ODT). We propose three decentralized approaches based on multi-agent systems to solve this problem. The first multi-agent approach uses the algorithm A* in order to find an optimal solution in a road network characterized by constant travel speeds. Experiments are carried out on the road network of a Lebanese city called Tripoli and good results are obtained. However, in a city like Tripoli, travel speeds depend heavily on the dynamic situation of road traffic. For this reason, the second multi-agent approach massif comes to remedy the first taking into account the evolution of traffic. The road network is considered as dynamic deterministic. It is characterized by travel speeds dependent on the usual traffic situation. These speeds are pre-calculated on the basis of historical knowledge of road traffic. The experimental results show that the number of dissatisfied customers is greater than 50 % if the speeds are considered to be constant. Nevertheless, historical knowledge is not sufficient to reflect the actual traffic situation, especially in case of an unexpected event (such as an accident) occurring on the network. For this, a self-organized massive multi-agent approach is proposed. The road network is considered as a dynamic stochastic characterized by travel speeds dependent on the actual traffic situation. This approach represents the dynamic organization of traffic on its scale based on historical traffic knowledge and real-time traffic information. Vehicle trajectories and their durations are calculated and recalculated online whenever an unexpected event disrupts the usual traffic situation. The experimental results show that up to 39 % of customers will be dissatisfied if a road accident is not considered during the processing of their demands. Otherwise, 50 % to 100 % of these customers are satisfied

Den Begriff "Dispositiv" hat Foucault nicht viel länger als den des "Archivs" benutzt. Nach seinem eigenen Bekenntnis sind Begriffe nur "Werkzeuge" des Analysierens, einer methodologischen Fixierung war er grundsätzlich abhold und privilegierte lieber die Erfindung passender Kategorien im konkreten Zusammenhang historischer Forschungen. Vom Dispositiv spricht er am ausführlichsten im Zusammenhang mit seinem Spätwerk, der "Geschichte der Sexualität". Der Begriff ist jenseits dieses Verwendungszusammenhangs allerdings auch anderweitig erfolgreich benutzt worden, und kann auch im hier angesprochenen Zusammenhang eine gewisse Geltung beanspruchen. Als Dispositiv kann eine Bibliothek im Foucaultschen Sinne angesehen werden, wenn institutionelle, administrative und architektonische Gesichtspunkte im Sinne eines Ensembles oder eines Netzwerks rekonstruierbar sind. Dafür liegen in Wolfenbüttel jedenfalls eine Reihe von historischen Zeugnissen vor. Oie Bibliothek als Dispositiv zu verstehen, bedeutet weiterhin, das intellektuelle Unternehmen ihrer Anlage und Disposition, ihrer Vermehrung und ihrer Verfügbarkeit, im Zusammenhang mit administrativen, institutionellen Maßnahmen und allgemein einer Politik ihrer Handhabung zu sehen.

Orientador: Walter Moreira
Resumo: O controle de vocabulário em periódicos científicos eletrônicos tem como finalidade minimizar ou extinguir a ambiguidade da linguagem natural para proporcionar uma linguagem artificial com vista a organização, representação e recuperação da informação. Os vocabulários controlados originados nos periódicos científicos eletrônicos deste estudo de caso são disponibilizados por meio da ferramenta VCPC Tools, e constituídos independentes, o que instiga a necessidade de mapear e torná-los interoperáveis. A contribuição pretendida com a realização deste estudo é a ampliação das condições de realizar inferências sobre a interoperabilidade entre Sistemas de Organização do Conhecimento e aplicá-las em periódicos científicos eletrônicos gerenciados pelo OJS que já fazem uso de vocabulário controlado. Busca-se responder a questão: como recuperar a informação em periódicos científicos eletrônicos por meio de vocabulários controlados mapeados a partir das palavras-chave em um modelo de interoperabilidade? Partiu-se da hipótese inicial de que os vocabulários controlados aplicados a periódicos científicos eletrônicos, gerenciados pelo OJS, podem ser considerados um instrumento interoperável para melhorar os processos de busca e recuperação dos artigos, bem como subsidiar os autores (no momento de atribuir) e os usuários na operação de encontrar, na consulta por meio de termos que representem, de modo mais eficaz, a sua pesquisa. Defende-se a tese de que o controle de vocabulário interoperáve... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Vocabulary control in electronic scientific journals aims to minimize or extinguish the ambiguity of natural language, in order to provide an artificial language heading towards organizing, representing and retrieving information. The controlled vocabularies originated in the electronic scientific journals, in this case study, are made available through VCPC Tools, as independently set device, which instigates the need to map and make them interoperable. The intended contribution, with the accomplishment of this study, is to widely enable users to make inferences about the interoperability between SOCs – Knowledge Organization Systems, and to apply them in electronic scientific journals managed by the OJS – Open Journal Systems, that already utilize controlled vocabulary. The question to be answered is: how to retrieve information in electronic scientific journals through controlled vocabularies mapped from keywords in an interoperability model? The initial hypothesis is that the controlled vocabularies when applied to electronic scientific journals, managed by the OJS, can be considered as an interoperable instrument to improve the processes of searching and retrieving articles, and constitute the basis for the authors (when assigning keywords) and for users (in the operation of finding) to properly search, through more effective terms and refined access. The thesis being held is that interoperable controlled vocabulary, in a context of a huge amount of scientific production... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Doutor

La thèse, qui pose la question de la description du roman et envisage une réponse par l’interrogation d’une problématique documentaire (proposition d’un modèle théorique de représentation, base pour la conception et la réalisation d’outils de navigation raisonnée dans la fiction) conduit une réflexion sur la place de la fiction littéraire dans la construction des savoirs et, par extension, d’une culture. La réflexion et l’expérimentation se font dans le contexte scolaire du lycée d’enseignement général (définition du statut du roman dans l’utilisation qui en est faite dans les programmes et objectifs d’enseignement, analyse de la notion de lecture littéraire en lycée) et par l’analyse d’un corpus de textes : étude de La mystérieuse flamme de la Reine Loana / Umberto Eco, 2004, traduction française, Paris, Grasset et Fasquelle, 2005, doublée de l’étude d’un corpus aléatoire sur le thème de la Shoah. L’objet d’étude étant le roman, les liens entre les Sciences de l’Information et de la Communication et la sémiotique sont abordés sous un jour nouveau : construction d’une théorie sémiotique (définition, mise en place d’un langage formel, choix d’un système de représentation) adaptée à l’objet d’étude par l’explicitation des conditions de production de sens, ce qui implique une hybridation des champs (SIC et théories d’analyse littéraire). Sont développés les éléments théoriques pour un modèle de représentation de la fiction. Les définitions du roman, de la fiction littéraire narrative, de l’information, de la fictiologie (nouveau champ de recherche ouvert par l’étude) et de l'information fictiologique critique, complétées par une description du positionnement dans le champ des Sciences de l’Information et de la Communication, posent le cadre de la réflexion. Un chapitre traitant de la littérature et de la notion de mémoire permet de décrire les liens entre roman et représentation de la réalité. Pour cela, sont définies et étudiées les notions de texte, de référence et de contexte. Enfin, est explicité le titre de la thèse par la description de la faculté imaginale et de la fonction de médiation prêtées au roman. Pour clôturer cette partie d’étude, un état de l’art de la classification de la fiction est opéré par l’élaboration d’un panorama des outils proposés et utilisés, renforcé par la définition d’une recherche ouverte d’information et une étude de la notion de sens dans le traitement de la fiction. Les analyses dans le champ pratique comportent un compte-rendu d’enquêtes, menées dans le cadre de l’enseignement secondaire et de la formation des documentalistes de l’Education Nationale, sur les pratiques de lecture. L’analyse des corpus de textes permet d’interroger la problématique de la réalité visible dans le roman. Ces travaux expérimentent une ontologie fictiologique par une analyse du roman comme document et un essai de formalisation sur la littérature des camps. La proposition d’un modèle théorique à expérimenter se concrétise par l’élaboration d’un système d’organisation de connaissances info-littéraires. Une réflexion sur l’environnement technique actuel justifie les choix retenus, les propositions et solutions réfléchies. En présentant une littératie fictiologique, prolongement de la littératie médiatique, la thèse se clôture par la description d’une médiation fictiologique qui s’ancre dans une renégociation des espaces et des typologies documentaires, investiguant les pratiques participatives et collaboratives
The dissertation, which investigates the description of the novel and considers an answer by interrogating an information problem (offering a theoretical model of representation, a basis for the conception and creation of tools for a carefully thought out navigation within fiction), carries out a reflection about the role of literary fiction in the construction of bodies of knowledge and, by extension, of a culture. These reflection and experimentation take place in the school context of the “lycee d’enseignement general” [mainstream education high school] (definition of the status of the novel in the way that it is used in education programs and objectives, analysis of the notion of literary reading in high school) and through the analysis of a body of texts: study of La Mysterieuse Flamme de la Reine Loana / Umberto Eco, 2004, French translation, Paris, Grasset et Fasquelle, 2005, combined with the study of an unpredictable collection of texts about the theme of the Shoah. Since the object of study is the novel, the links between Information and Communication Sciences and semiotics are approached in a new light: construction of a semiotic theory (definition, setting up of a formal language, choice of a representation system) made suitable to the object of study by clarifying the conditions of meaning production, which implies a hybridization of the fields (Information and Communication Sciences and literary analysis). The theoretical elements for a representation model of fiction are developed. Definitions of the novel, of literary narrative fiction, of information, of fictiology (a new field of research opened up by the study) and of critical fictiological information, complemented by a description of positioning of this research in the field of Information and Communication Sciences, frame the reflection. A chapter tackling literature and the notion of memory allows for a delineation of the links between novel and representation of reality. For this purpose, the notions of text, reference, and context are defined. Finally, the title of the dissertation is explained through the description of the imaginal faculty, and of the mediation function attributed to the novel. To close this part of the study, drafting a panorama of the proposed and employed tools helps operate a state of the art of fiction classification, reinforced by the definition of an open information research and a study of the notion of meaning in the handling of fiction. Analyses in the practical field include a report of investigations on reading practices conducted in the contexts of secondary education and of the training of ‘Education Nationale’ information librarians. Analyzing bodies of texts allows the problem of visible reality in the novel to be interrogated. This research tests out a fictiologic ontology by examining the novel as document and by attempting a formalization of the camps literature. The proposition of a theoretical model to be experimented is concretized by the development of a system of organization of information and literary knowledge. A reflection on the current technical environment justifies the choices considered, the propositions and solutions offered. By presenting a fictiological information literaty, an extension of media information literaty, the dissertation ends with the description of fictiological mediation anchored into a renegotiation of information spaces and typologies, investigating participatory and collaborative practices

Дисертація присвячена вирішенню актуального наукового завдання побудови системи логіко-структурних моделей подання, організації та інтеграції знань різних медичних напрямів в єдиному інформаційно-аналітичному середовищі для інтегративної наукової медицини, а також розроблення на її основі комп’ютерних онтологій та онтоорієнтованих інформаційних систем для професійної медичної діяльності, наукових досліджень та електронного навчання в галузі народної медицини на прикладі китайської образної медицини. У вступі обґрунтовано актуальність дослідження, наведено зв’язок роботи з науково-дослідною темою, поставлено мету та визначено завдання дослідження, об’єкт та предмет дослідження, наведено перелік методів дослідження, що застосовувались для досягнення мети дисертаційної роботи. Сформульовано наукову новизну, практичне значення отриманих результатів та особистий творчий внесок здобувача. Подано відомості щодо апробації та опублікування результатів дослідження. У першому розділі «Огляд та аналіз відомих моделей, методів та засобів побудови онтологій та онтоорієнтованих інформаційних систем для медицини» описано основні моделі представлення знань, виявлено їх недоліки; в результаті їх порівняльного аналізу показано, що онтологічна модель представлення знань найякісніше дозволяє досягти мети дисертаційного дослідження. Це зумовлено тим, що онтологічний підхід дає змогу ефективно впорядкувати, інтегрувати величезний накопичений досвід експериментальних даних. Описано медичних найвідоміші знань, медичні клінічних онтології та та онтоорієнтовані інформаційні системи у конвенційній медицині, а також рядонтоорієнтованих розробок для неконвенційної (народної, традиційної) медицини, що дозволило виявити їх типові недоліки, а також встановити факт відсутності відповідних інформаційно-аналітичних засобів для більшості існуючих народних медичних напрямів. Проведений аналіз літературних джерел дав змогу визначити наукове завдання дисертаційного дослідження, яке полягає у розробці концепції інтеграції знань різних медичних систем та стратегії їх організації із високою семантичною якістю; створення логіко- структурних машинно-інтерпретовних моделей для подання та оперування цими знаннями у формі онтологій в єдиному онтоорієнтованому інформаційно- аналітичному середовищі для інтегративної наукової медицини (ІНМ), а також розроблення на цій основі вимог, архітектур та програмних засобів побудови онтоорієнтованих інформаційних систем для професійної медичної діяльності, наукових досліджень та електронного навчання в галузі народної медицини. Сформульовано комплексне означення поняття «інтегративна наукова медицина», окреслено роль розвитку інтегративної медицини у формуванні якісної медицини майбутнього як консолідатора ефективних практик народних медицин світу. Розглянуто етапи комплексної стратегії розвитку ІНМ. Побудову концептуальних та онтологічних моделей та онтоорієнтованих інформаційних систем для неконвенційних видів медицин запропоновано реалізувати на прикладі китайської образної медицини (КОМ), вибір якої обґрунтовано рядом об’єктивних чинників. У другому розділі «Концепція інтеграції, аксіоматико-дедуктивна стратегія та логіко-структурні моделі організації знань в сучасних оноорієнтованих інформаційних системах інтегративної наукової медицини» розроблено концепцію інтеграції знань в інтегративній науковій медицині, яка забезпечує структурну та змістовну узгодженість як ІНМ, так і окремих видів народних медицин, які планують стати її складовими. Для цього розроблено узагальнену структуру теорії інтегративної наукової медицини, яка становить собою сукупність загальної теорії ІНМ та спеціальних наукових теорій окремих народних медичних напрямів, а також їх традиційних теорій, що претендують на входження до ІНМ з метою їх історичного збереження, усесторонньогодослідження та розвитку. Сформульовано вимоги до наукової теорії ІНМ та КОМ. Визначено складові комп’ютерної онтології ІНМ та неконвенційних видів медицин. Обґрунтовано та застосовано аксіоматико-дедуктивну стратегію організації знань в царині народної та інтегративної наукової медицини (зокрема, виділено абстрактне семантичних метадисциплінарне логіко-семантичне областей ядро медичного та логіко-семантичне сукупність напряму, а ядро, власне часткових логіко- також виділено групи аксіоматичних та вивідних концептів і тверджень), що узгоджується із математичним апаратом дескриптивної логіки та комп’ютерних онтологій, уможливлює чітке подання знань в області інтегративної наукової медицини та китайської образної медицини у сучасних онтоорієнтованих інформаційних системах. На прикладі КОМ, згідно із аксіоматико-дедуктивною стратегією, розроблено основні етапи організації змістовного простору будь-якого народного медичного напряму. Розроблено логіко-структурні моделі подання знань ІНМ та КОМ, що забезпечує високий рівень їх семантичної якості, адекватність їх узгодженого представлення на вербальному, формальному та машинно-інтерпретовному рівнях у рамках онтологічного підходу, надає значний потенціал щодо представлення знань в інтелектуалізованих інформаційних медичних системах. У третьому розділі «Концептуальне моделювання та розроблення онтології предметної області «Китайська образна медицина»» розроблено та застосовано інформаційні засоби й методологію концептуального аналізу та видобування знань від експертів китайської образної медицини через послідовність етапів, які відповідають аксіоматико-дедуктивній стратегії організації знань та узгоджуються із логіко-структурним моделями подання знань в ІНМ та КОМ. Розроблення якісних змістовних складових та концептуальних онтологічних моделей теорії КОМ, які задовольняють вимогам логіко- семантичної якості, є складною науковою проблемою, що потребує проведення ґрунтовних полідисциплінарних, міждисциплінарних та трансдисциплінарнихдосліджень. Для цього було застосовано методологію концептуального аналізу та видобування експертних знань в галузі КОМ, розроблено інформаційні засоби для опитування експертів КОМ та застосовано ряд методів видовбування знань, які враховують специфіку предметної області КОМ, а також ряд психологічних, лінгвістичних та гносеологічних аспектів діяльності КОМ-фахівця. Це дало змогу виділити та означити ряд фундаментальних концептів, встановити логічні відношення між ними, знизити семантичну гетерогенність, нечіткість та суб’єктивність знань загальної теорії, діагностичних та терапевтичних методів КОМ; укласти глосарій загальної теорії КОМ; створити фундамент для подальшої формалізації, уніфікації й накопичення онтологічних знань, що разом з використанням формальних методів їх аналізу дасть змогу підняти весь спектр наукових досліджень в області КОМ та інших народних медичних напрямів на новий інформаційно- технологічний рівень. Для подальшої специфікації концептуальної моделі КОМ сформульовано змістовні та формальні вимоги до онтології КОМ. На основі розробленої ро́здільної структури теорії китайської образної медицини визначено підонтології узагальненої концептуальної моделі КОМ. Обґрунтовано вибір машинно-реалізованої мови OWL та програмного засобу Protégé для розроблення онтології КОМ, які використано для специфікації видобутих знань та їх подання в сучасних онтоорієнтованих інформаційних системах. Окреслено загальну послідовність етапів розроблення комп’ютерної онтології та обґрунтовано ітеративний процес розроблення онтологічної моделі китайської образної медицини. Програмно реалізовано онтологію китайської образної медицини, що на даний час є базовою складовою специфікації концептуальних моделей предметної області КОМ, яку подано як систему п’яти онтологій (підонтологій), здійснено їх верифікацію та валідацію. У четвертому розділі «Узагальнені вимоги, архітектури та програмні засоби побудови інтегрованого онтоорієнтованого інформаційно-аналітичного середовища наукових досліджень, професійної цілительської діяльності та електронного навчання КОМ» обґрунтовано необхідність створеннявідповідного онтоорієнтованого інформаційно-аналітичного середовища як невід’ємної складової наукового та прикладного розвитку ІНМ та КОМ, інформаційно-технологічного фундаменту для реалізації Програми наукових досліджень КОМ, що відповідає Стратегії ВООЗ у сфері народної медицини та уможливлює на високому науковому, технологічному та інфраструктурному рівнях організацію та координацію діяльності дослідників та практикуючих народних терапевтів; збір та автоматизований аналіз результатів лікування методами китайської образної медицини; створення уніфікованої бази даних всіх теоретичних, експериментальних і клінічних наукових досліджень в області КОМ. Для цього розроблено його узагальнену архітектуру, сформульовано вимоги та розроблено архітектури його складових. Розроблено прототип системи професійної цілительської діяльності «Імідж-терапевт», в якому забезпечене введення діагностичної та терапевтичної інформації, яка використовується як офіційною (західною) медициною, так і китайською образною медициною, що уможливлює проведення їх компаративного аналізу, практичного використання у клінічних умовах та взаємного збагачення, взаємного доповнення в рамках парадигми інтегративної наукової медицини. Терміни (поля) цієї інформаційної системи є конкретними екземплярами класів діагностичної та терапевтичної онтологій КОМ, входячи таким чином до складу онтоорієнтованої бази знань китайської образної медицини. Розроблено прототип інформаційної системи електронного навчання КОМ, яка дала змогу збільшити рівень доступу та представити консолідовану освітню теорію китайської образної медицини у вигляді веб-ресурсу, забезпечила індивідуалізований підхід, мультимедійність, багатомовність, повторне використання навчального матеріалу. Використані програмні засоби розроблення обох прототипів цих онтоорієнтованих інформаційних систем забезпечили економічність та майбутню Проведено верифікацію, валідацію, розширюваність застосунків. апробацію та впровадження системи «Імідж-терапевт» та інформаційної системи електронного навчання КОМ, щопідтвердило їх відповідність висунутим вимогам та коректне виконання своїх функцій. Основні наукові результати дисертації опубліковано у 22 працях, зокрема: 2 статті у закордонних наукових періодичних виданнях [5], [7], 3 статті у наукових фахових періодичних виданнях України [6], [8], [9], 17 публікацій у матеріалах міжнародних та всеукраїнських наукових, науково- технічних конференцій та професійних форумів. З них 5 робіт входять до міжнародної наукометричної бази Scopus [1], [2], [3], [4], [10]; 6 – до міжнародних наукометричних баз Index Copernicus та Google Scholar [5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [11].
The dissertation is devoted to the solution of the actual scientific task of building a system of logical-structural models of presentation, organization and integration of knowledge of different medical fields in a single information-analytical environment for integrative scientific medicine, as well as the development of computer ontologies and ontooriented information systems of professional healing, scientific researches and e-learning in the field of folk medicine through the example of Chinese Image Medicine. The introduction substantiates the relevance of the research, gives a link to the research topic, sets the purpose and defines the research objectives, object and subject of the study, lists the research methods used to achieve the goal of the dissertation. The scientific novelty, practical value of the obtained results and personal creative contribution of the applicant are formulated. Information on the validation and publication of the study results is provided. The first section «Overview and analysis of known models, methods and tools for the construction of ontologies and ontooriented information systems for medicine» describes the main models of knowledge representation, their disadvantages are identified; as a result of their comparative analysis, it is shown that the ontological model of knowledge representation allows achieving the goal of dissertation research. This is due to the fact that the ontological approach makes it possible to efficiently streamline, integrate the vast accumulated experience of medical knowledge, clinical and experimental data. The most famous medical ontologies and ontooriented information systems in conventional medicine are described, as well as a number of ontooriented developments for non-conventional (folk, traditional) medicine, which made it possible to identify their typicalshortcomings, as well as to establish the fact that there are no relevant information and analytical methods. The analysis of literary sources made it possible to determine the scientific task of the dissertation research, which consists in the development of the concept of integration of knowledge of different medical systems and the strategy of their organization with high semantic quality; creation of logical-structural machine- interpretive models for presentation and operation of this knowledge in the form of ontologies in a unified ontooriented information-analytical environment for integrative scientific medicine (ISM), as well as development on this basis of requirements, architectures and software tools for constructing ontooriented information systems of professional healing, scientific researches and e-learning in the field of folk medicine. The complex definition of the concept of «integrative scientific medicine» is formulated, the role of development of integrative medicine in the formation of quality medicine of the future as a consolidator of effective practices of folk medicine of the world is outlined. The stages of a complex strategy for the development of ISM are considered. It is proposed to implement conceptual and ontological models and onto-oriented information systems for non-conventional types of medicine on the example of Chinese Image Medicine (CIM), the choice of which is justified by several objective factors. In the second section «The concept of integration, axiomatic-deductive strategy and logical-structural models of knowledge organization in modern ontooriented information systems of integrative scientific medicine» the concept of integration of knowledge in integrative scientific medicine is provided, which ensures the structural and substantive coherence of both the ISM and the individual types of traditional medicine that intend to become its component. For this purpose, a generalized structure of the theory of integrative scientific medicine has been developed, which is a set of the general theory of ISM and special scientific theories of individual folk medical trends, as well as their traditional theories, which claim to enter the ISM for their historical preservation, comprehensive research and development. Requirements for the scientific theory ofISM and CIM are formulated. Components of computer ontology of ISM and non- conventional types of medicine have been identified. The axiomatic-deductive strategy of organization of knowledge in the field of folk and integrative scientific medicine is substantiated and applied (in particular, the metadisciplinary logical-semantic core, own abstract logical-semantic core and set of partial logical-semantic areas of medical direction, and groups of axiomatic and inference concepts and statements are also defined). It is consistent with the mathematical apparatus of descriptive logic and computer ontologies and enables a clear presentation of knowledge in the field of integrative scientific medicine and Chinese Image Medicine in modern ontooriented information systems. On the example of CIM, under the axiomatic-deductive strategy, the main stages of organizing the meaningful space of any national medical direction were developed. Logical-structural models of knowledge representation of ISM and CIM have been developed, which ensures a high level of their semantic quality, adequacy of their consistent representation at verbal, formal and machine-interpretive levels within the ontological approach, and provides considerable potential for knowledge representation in intellectual medical information systems. In the third section, «Conceptual Modeling and Development of Ontology of the «Chinese Image Medicine Subject»», the information tools and methodology for conceptual analysis and knowledge elicitation from Chinese Image Medicine experts are developed and applied through a series of steps that correspond to the axiomatic- deductive strategy of knowledge organization and agreement and are consistent with logical-structural models of knowledge representation in ISM and CIM. The development of substantive qualitative components and conceptual ontological models of CIM theory that satisfy the requirements of logical-semantic quality is a complex scientific problem. It requires thorough multidisciplinary, interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary research. For this purpose, the methodology of conceptual analysis and elicitation of expert knowledge in the field of CIM was applied, information tools for the questioning of CIM experts were developed, and several methods of knowledge elicitation were applied. They take into account thespecifics of the CIM domain, as well as a number of psychological, linguistic and epistemological aspects of the activities of the CIM experts. This made it possible to separate and identify a number of fundamental concepts, establish logical relationships between them, reduce semantic heterogeneity, fuzzy and subjective knowledge of general theory, diagnostic and therapeutic methods of CІM; to compile a glossary of the general theory of CIM; to create a foundation for further formalization, unification and accumulation of ontological knowledge, which, together with the use of formal methods of their analysis, will allow raising the whole spectrum of scientific research in the field of CIM and other folk medical fields to a new information and technological level. For further specification of the CIM conceptual model, substantive and formal requirements for the CIM ontology are formulated. On the basis of the developed divisive structure of the theory of Chinese Image Medicine, the subontology of the generalized conceptual model of CIM was determined. The choice of machine- implemented OWL language and Protégé software for the development of CIM ontology was justified and substantiated, which are used for specification of the acquired knowledge and their presentation in modern ontooriented information systems. The general sequence of the stages of computer ontology development is outlined, and the iterative process of developing the ontological model of Chinese Image Medicine is substantiated. The ontology of CIM has been programmatically implemented, which is now the basic component of the specification of conceptual models of the CIM domain, which is presented as a system of five ontologies (subontologies), their verification and validation are put through. In the fourth section «Generalized requirements, architectures and software tools for building an integrated ontooriented information-analytical environment of scientific research, professional healing activities and e-learning CIM» substantiates the need to create an appropriate ontooriented information-analytical environment development, as an integral part of scientific and applied development of ISM and CIM, the information and technology foundation for the implementation of the Program of CIM Research, which is in line WHO strategy in the field of folkmedicine, and enables high scientific, technological and infrastructure level of organization and coordination of researchers and practising physicians folk; collection and automated analysis of the results of treatment by Chinese Image medicine; creation of a unified database of all theoretical, experimental and clinical scientific research in the field of CIM. For this purpose, its generalized architecture was developed, requirements were formulated, and the architectures of its components were developed. The prototype of the system of professional healing activity «Image-therapist» was developed, in which the introduction of diagnostic and therapeutic information is used, which is used by both official (Western) medicine and Chinese Image Medicine, which makes it possible to carry out their comparative analysis, practical use in clinical conditions and mutual enrichment, complementarity within the paradigm of integrative scientific medicine. The terms (fields) of this information system are specific instances of classes of diagnostic and therapeutic ontologies of CIM, thus forming part of the ontooriented knowledge base of Chinese Image Medicine. The prototype of the CIM e-learning information system was developed, which allowed to increase the level of access and to present the consolidated theory of Chinese Image Medicine in the form of a web resource, provided an individualized approach, multimedia, multilingualism, re-use of educational material. The software tools used to develop both prototypes of these ontooriented information systems have ensured cost-effectiveness and future extensibility of applications. Verification, validation, approbation and implementation of the system «Image-therapist» and the information system of e-learning of CIM were confirmed, which confirmed their compliance with the requirements and correct performance of their functions. The main scientific results of the dissertation were published in 22 papers, in particular: 2 articles in foreign scientific periodicals, 3 articles in Ukrainian scientific professional editions, 17 publications in materials of international and national scientific and technical conferences and professional forums. Of these, 5 articles were submitted to Scopus; 6 articles are included in Index Copernicus and Google Scholar.

A 6 month Joint Information Systems Committee (JISC) funded project on a terminology registry scoping study led by UKOLN in collaboration with Glamorgan and OCLC is just starting. This study aims to analyse issues related to potential delivery of a Terminology Registry as a shared infrastructure service within the JISC Information Environment. It will consider how a Registry might support development of terminology and other services within the context of a services oriented environment. The study is briefly outlined along with some previous work in this presentation. The author welcomes input and suggestions.

碩士
中原大學
企業管理研究所
92
Abstract In light of recent world politics as well as the evolving China-Taiwan relation, it is imperative to implement a knowledge management system for the purpose of innovation and efficiency. Along the process of implementation, it is beneficial to identify the key factors of the system in order to fulfill organizational goals and research targets. Further, the identification of key factors is instrumental in achieving national defense policies and aims, in particular the autonomy of national defense and is will also help accomplish national defense policy and aims, i.e, the autonomy and mobility of defense units. Given that national-defense technology plays a determining role in advancing national security as well as the economic and industrial development of the nation, this paper has chosen the national defense research and development departments in the Chung-Shan Institute of Science and Technology (CSIST) as the subject of research and analysis. Based on the expertise of world-wide national-defense theorists and studies on related documents, this paper evaluates the key factors of knowledge management system and its four dimensions: implementation strategy, personnel training, system procedures, and science and technology. Aided by the researchers at the CSIST, each of the dimensions is expanded to include ten variables, amounting to a total of forty variables. Furthermore, a questionnaire centered on the selected variables has been sent to a number of middle-level managers as well as deputy managers or higher-rank of the departments at the defense departments of CSIST. Among the two-hundred questionnaires sent, sixty-four were returned and confirmed to be valid; the response rate was thirty-two percent. To analyze the questionnaire results, this paper has employed the combined methods of Principal Components Factoring, which help identify and explain the factors contributing to the diversity of the results. In addition, a set of analysis criteria has been established: the lower limit of variable similarity has been set to 0.45; values below 0.45 are defined as distortion or outliers. Factors containing an Eigenvalue greater than one, in accordance with Kaiser’s criteria, has been distinguished. In terms of factor analysis, factor names are given based on variables with a factor loading higher than 0.45. In summary, the ten variables pertaining to defense implementation strategy have been sorted into the following three categories: encouragement and participation, vision and organization, and system integration. The ten variables in personnel training have been condensed to teamwork and management style. System procedures, which also has ten variables, have been sub-categorized into standard operation procedures and specific project procedures. The ten variables in the technological dimension are collectively named system technology integration. The research finds marked correlation between the original dimension factors and the sub-categorized factors. Three original dimension factors—personnel training, system procedures, and technology--yield negligible impact on surveyed departments. However, the implementation strategy dimension showed significant impact, with higher average values falling in non-research departments. The “encouragement and participation” as well as “vision and organization” factors in the implementation strategy dimension also demonstrate considerable influence, and again, with non-research departments yielding higher average values. The remaining six sub-categorized factors--system integration in the implementation strategy dimension, teamwork and management style in the personnel training dimension, standard operation procedures and specific project procedures in the system procedures dimension, and system technology integration in the technology dimension--have generated limited influence. It is the primary goal of this paper to offer recommendations to national defense research institutions so that they can better identify key factors in implementing a knowledge management system. In addition, this paper also suggests the government to consider important factors in its national defense planning. The contribution of this paper is that it provides an advice to national defense research and development institutions on the development and implementation of the knowledge management system in order to maximize the cost-benefit ratio and increase the rate of success of the system.

碩士
樹德科技大學
資訊管理研究所
96
Nowadays, the 21st century, it’s a generation that everything bases on knowledge economy.The assets of the business knowledge and the abilities of Knowledge Management for company organization are going to be the most important parts and the core value.Thus, Knowledge Management is the most important thing in the Knowledge-based Economy generation.If a company can catch the point (knowledge) then it will be the one can catch the best chance and timing in creation/ innovation. With the knowledge of the business, it’s easy to capture, enlarge and shave the organization’s knowledge and expertise. Then, go with the original business system and structure to realize that the necessary of using Knowledge Management efficiently and effectively to lead the organization towards creation. In other words, the importance of Knowledge Management is an urgent matter.knowledge workers are the main soul character, and also the actual learning, sharing, practicing and creating new knowledge people. They are even the source and base for managing knowledge efficiently.The development of Business Knowledge Management not only can enhance the management and control of inside knowledge assets, but also can reduce the costs with working inside resources efficiently.Therewith, it also can create suitable and new knowledge assets constantly for organizations by Knowledge Management activities. To do so, business will be able to respond the needs of internal and external environment and then maintain the competitive advantages.This study will use Qualitative to method interview the company staff to understand the current KM cultural situation. Then we will diagnosis the company’s organizational culture. Finally we will propose the implementation process of km for the company.

碩士
輔仁大學
管理學研究所
89
Abstract The Taiwan government is advancing "Knowledge-Based Economy" actively, hopes businesses can master key knowledge resources to create economic values. But businesses need to understand how to manage knowledge to bring the synergy of knowledge except for grasp knowledge. Presently, most of the academic circle researches are about case study, and the industrial circles don''''t know enough how to use appropriate organization systems to create and advance the knowledge management performance. Therefore, This research tries to analysis the organization learning processes and transfer systems how to influence the knowledge management performance of businesses. The samples of this research based on industries of manufacturing, service and banking. Total sent 1000 questionnaires and the number of return valid questionnaires were 182 sets. By using multiple regression analysis and LISREL model, the study concluded the following findings: 1. The result reveals that businesses choose different transfer systems in different organization learning processes. 2. The result reveals that knowledge categories are obviously influence the choice of transfer systems in organization learning processes. 3. The result reveals that transfer systems can advance knowledge transfer performance. The multi-way system has better performance. 4. The result reveals that the level of organization trust is obviously influence knowledge transfer performance.

The trends in virtualization as well as multi-core, multiprocessor environments have translated to a massive increase in the amount of main memory each individual system needs to be fitted with, so as to effectively utilize this growing compute capacity. The increasing demand on main memory implies that the main memory devices and their issues are as important a part of system design as the central processors. The primary issues of modern memory are power, energy, and scaling of capacity. Nearly a third of the system power and energy can be from the memory subsystem. At the same time, modern main memory devices are limited by technology in their future ability to scale and keep pace with the modern program demands thereby requiring exploration of alternatives to main memory storage technology. This dissertation exploits dynamic knowledge of memory state and memory data value to improve memory performance and reduce memory energy consumption. A cross-boundary approach to communicate information about dynamic memory management state (allocated and deallocated memory) between software and hardware viii memory subsystem through a combination of ISA support and hardware structures is proposed in this research. These mechanisms help identify memory operations to regions of memory that have no impact on the correct execution of the program because they were either freshly allocated or deallocated. This inference about the impact stems from the fact that, data in memory regions that have been deallocated are no longer useful to the actual program code and data present in freshly allocated memory is also not useful to the program because the dynamic memory has not been defined by the program. By being cognizant of this, such memory operations are avoided thereby saving energy and improving the usefulness of the main memory. Furthermore, when stores write zeros to memory, the number of stores to the memory is reduced in this research by capturing it as compressed information which is stored along with memory management state information. Using the methods outlined above, this dissertation harnesses memory management state and data value information to achieve significant savings in energy consumption while extending the endurance limit of memory technologies.
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碩士
國立彰化師範大學
人力資源管理研究所
93
In the rapidly changed environment no matter high technology industries or traditional industries both have competition pressure and they found only sustained innovation activities could increase organization effective. In this study we discussed the relationship among organization execution, knowledge sharing system and innovation performance. In order to obtain empirical data the subjects involved in this study were R&D in 2004 Top 1000 manufactures company in Taiwan by Commonwealth Magazine. 250 questionnaires were sent randomly and then 136 questionnaires were responded. The valid responded rate was 50%. The research instruments included organization execution, knowledge sharing system and innovation performance scales. By employing descriptive statistics, cluster analysis, MANOVA and hierarchical multiple regression analysis, The conclusions of this study were stated as follows: 1.organization execution can be separated into two clusters and different demographic variables of organization execution on their processes; 2.In the effect of demographic variables in organization execution were education and seniority has significant difference; 3.The relationship of organization execution and innovation performance indicators was relative; 4. High affective knowledge sharing system would moderate the relationship between organization execution and innovation performance indicators; 5. Management innovation and technology innovation will effect mutually. In this study, we evaluated organization execution for important process and we got empirical data from R&D. The conclusions were organization execution and innovation performance had straight relationship. The knowledge sharing system moderate organization execution and innovation performance.

博士
國立高雄師範大學
人力與知識管理研究所
96
Knowledge management includes knowledge content management and knowledge management system. Knowledge content management is used to assist employee to make sure the type and accuracy of knowledge. Knowledge management system can digitally store knowledge in knowledge base, which let employee be able to share and innovate knowledge through the system platform. To perform theses knowledge management activities, organizations have to rely on information culture. With a positive information culture, organization could extend, integrate, and transfer knowledge, which result in higher organization performance. Therefore, this research examined influence of knowledge content quality, knowledge system quality on organization performance and the mediator effect of information culture. The samples of this research were collected from 1000 Top Enterprise of manufacturing industry and 500 Top service industry by Common Wealth in 2007. By using regression analysis, the research results show that information culture has mediator Effect between knowledge content relevance and organization performance. And expect the result of this research can provide benefit of studies field in the actual situation and the related subject.

碩士
義守大學
資訊管理學系碩士班
94
Information and time is extremely crucial when companies are facing the competitive global market. Since companies must have enough capabilities to meet the challenge of tremendous environments, “knowledge” has become predominate to the competitive advantage in 21st century. How to apply knowledge assets to pursuit enterprise’s advantages has been be a critical work to an executive. In addition, Knowledge Management System (KMS) helps companies effectively manage knowledge. Through KMS, companies can store and share knowledge within organization. It has also taken the attraction to the organizational persons. This dissertation proposes six hypotheses, based on Delone and McLean’s IS success model and technology acceptance model (TAM), which includes the constructs of Service Quality, Information Quality, System Quality, Perceived Performance, User’s IT（Information Technology） Ability, and User’s Satisfaction. In order to test the proposed hypotheses, a survey research has been carried out. The hypotheses are tested against the users of one unit in Kaohsiung City Government Police Bureau as the subjects of this study. A questionnaire is designed based on literature review and piloted to test its reliability and validity. Based on the result of the pilot study and consultation from area experts, a formal questionnaire has been formed. The quantitative data collected from this questionnaire has been analysis with Regression Analysis in SPSS program to test the proposed hypotheses. The results show that the constructs, Information Quality and System Quality, take positive effects on Perceived Performance and Perceived Performance take positive effects on User’s Satisfaction. It can also be claimed that the use of KMS has take a positive effect on user’s performance in an organization. This result can embrave the managers of organization to make decision about adopting KMS in organizations. And it can also provide benefit for raise user’s performance and satisfaction. The Organizations can gain more profits from it.

碩士
國立臺灣科技大學
設計系
106
Personal knowledge within the organization must be “shared” to produce synergy, and be “transfered” to provide the employees who need to execute their work effectively (Lin, 2009). Hence, the main purpose of this study is to indentify and construct the information architecture of knowledge transfer system for design organization, and from the perspective of knowledge receivers to explore the information architecture and content design needed for knowledge transfering within the design organization. In the end, provide suggestions and assist the design organizations in smoothly sharing their experience of project execution and improving the whole knowledge connotation and value. The experiment in this study inclues two stages: (1) Pilot research. It is the interviews of “senior designers” to help understand the execution details and elements of knowledge transfer of design project; (2) Validate experiment. That is, based on the results generated from the first stage together with summaries form relevant literature, designing and constructing a knowledge transfer system for conducting the validate experiment in a "convenient sampling" manner. The experiment was planned based on a 2 (Planning experience) by 3 (Information architecture) two-way ANOVA design. There are three levels in the independent variable of information achitecture: (1) Hidden represented information architecture. That is a none-navigation-bar webpage design. The main clues of information architecture for user are the title design of the content. (2) Completely represented information architecture. The information architecture was represented as webpage navigation bar, and set in the top of the page. (3) The third is stored in a folding menu with "Project Process" word. Moreover, there are two levels in the independent variable of planning experience: (1) High planning experience. Designers with more than 5 planning experiences of conceptual design project were invited as psrticipants to be tested. (2) Low planning experience. The participants under test were the designers who planned less than five conceptual design projects in the career. Based on the experiement, the results regarding user task performace, questionnaire for system usability scale (SUS) and user experience were obtained. The resuts of the study are as follows: (1) Currently, the design organization does not have a set of knowledge transfer system which based on information architecture of “design process”, (2) The information architecture of the knowledge transfer system needs to meet the experience and logic of design execution that would assist learners with understanding the architectural context of the system quickly, (3) Given that the difference of learning processes required, the "information architecture" and "planning experience" have a significant impact on the use of the knowledge transfer system in the "sense" experience; (4) The knowledge transfer system based on the "design process" can improve learners’ experience of "think", "act," and "relate".

碩士
正修科技大學
資訊管理研究所
97
In the face of the competitive environment of globalization, organized by external resources and expertise to quickly enhance the competitiveness of enterprises is the trend of globalization to create knowledge-intensive service sector consultancy market demand, therefore the use of construction industry in line with the consultant's knowledge management system does necessary. In this study, we use a comprehensive literature to explore the theoretical basis for research, according to research to establish the framework and methods. Through observation and depth interviews, we structure the system requirements for the process of service delivery and innovation to build the company in line with the exclusive knowledge of the case management system. This knowledge management system can help companies complete the following three important work: (1) Strengthen the organization of tacit knowledge of the effect of the spiral of new knowledge and create groups. (2) Building the organization of the establishment of a complete knowledge base and standard operating procedures to facilitate the organization of knowledge creation and reuse. (3) Reducing the costs of organizational communication, and effectively supports the enterprise knowledge management. Another of this study was to import the knowledge management system for transaction costs, service positioning, organizational communication, such as the impact of the development of related research propositions, supplemented by analysis of the four expert advice propositions: (1) The higher degree of knowledge-intensive organizations, the knowledge management system structure will tend to support knowledge-based. (2) The quality of communication within the organization will indirectly affect the quality of the organizational knowledge and trust relationships between employees. (3) The differences of service and technology in the knowledge-intensive consultants industry is the major factor which influences the quality of professional services. (4) Organizational knowledge exchanging and circulation of the impact of the dynamic channels is a major factor which influences the organizational communication.

碩士
國立清華大學
資訊系統與應用研究所
105
Whether the enterprise's existing knowledge management system can satisfactorily meet the needs of inter-organizational cooperation, relatively very few studies and recommendations available in the academic community. Therefore, this study aimed at planning, designing and implementing an appropriate knowledge management system in the cross-organizational cooperation environment. Using the methods of case study, in-depth interview and survey, the authors participated in this cross-organizational cooperation and observed the cross-organizational ecological operation in order to carry out knowledge management system and make recommendations. The study found that the consultancy company's cross-organizational knowledge management system should be able to adapt to the development of consultants to make flexible adjustments to ensure the system operation and practices of the combination.

碩士
國立中央大學
人力資源管理研究所碩士在職專班
97
The most important key of effective knowledge management is internal member in the organization to be willing to share individual knowledge to other people. Therefore, the knowledge sharing becomes studying one of the most important subjects in knowledge management. (Yang-Shun Xu, 2001). This research is designed to understand how High Performance Work System (HPWS) influences employees’ knowledge sharing behavior and organization innovation climate. Moreover, this study tries to examine if organization innovation climate mediate the positive relationship between high performance working system and employee knowledge sharing behavior. In this research, Taiwan IC design houses are taken as sampling main body. Two versions of questionnaires were used: a target-employee version and HR-employee version. The target employee was asked knowledge sharing behavior and the perceived organization innovation climate. The HR employee was asked the High performance working system. This research had sent 3150 questionnaires to 90 IC design house companies. There are 47 HR-employee version questionnaires for 27 IC design house companies and 467 target-employee version questionnaires. The percentage of valid respondents is 16.8%. After the works of recording and transforming survey data, we proceed statistical analysis, including factor, correlation and regression analysis. Research findings can be summarized as follows, First, the higher degree to adopt HR long-term development activities of High Performance Working System, the more likely the employees would increase their perceived organization innovation climate and knowledge sharing behavior. Second, the higher degree to adopt HR short-term focusing activities of High Performance Working System, the more likely the employees would decrease their perceived organization innovation climate and knowledge sharing behavior. Third, when the degree of employee perceived organization innovation climate increases, the degree of employee knowledge sharing behavior also can increase. Fourth, employees’ perceived organization innovation climate could fully or partially mediate the positive relationship between High Performance Working System and knowledge sharing behavior.

碩士
佛光人文社會學院
管理學研究所
94
Abstract Along with the coming of knowledge economy time, more and more enterprises think knowledge for the most important element of organizational production, and discuss the methods and the related measures of knowledge management to enhance itself’s competitiveness, productivity or innovativeness. But the enterprises also face a big barrier which the employees do not hope to share knowledge with others. Because they fear that they might lose their wisdom knowledge and the superiority. From many literatures, we know whether the employees realize the necessity and the importance of knowledge management is one of the critical success factors for the knowledge management. Therefore this research is trying to investigate the influence of personal attributes, internal / external locus of control, knowledge management cognition and organization characteristics on the employees’ knowledge management system user behavior and satisfaction by the questionnaire way. Questionnaire data by factor analysis, t-test, one-way anova, regression analysis and discriminant analysis, the findings of this research indicate: (1) Internal locus of control has significant positive effect on knowledge management cognition. (2) Organization characteristics have significant positive effect on knowledge management cognition. (3) Knowledge management cognition and organization characteristics have significant positive effect on the employee’s knowledge management satisfaction; on the other hand, knowledge management cognition and organization characteristics have significant effect on use frequency and partly effect on browse items and purposes. Enrich the knowledge management system content, improve related computer devices, implement job rotation and provide the employee substantial reward could enhance the employees’ knowledge management system use frequency and satisfaction. Keyword: knowledge management, organization characteristics, internal / external locus of control, knowledge management satisfaction, user behavior

碩士
國立成功大學
高階管理碩士在職專班
98
Business environment in recent years greatly affected by technological progress and development of information.Enterprise business model is also expected to improve efficiency through information technology, innovation needs and goals.The enterprise resource planning system（ERP）Information about progress that is one of the products；The industry provided by the system are sent to the expectations of operating performance.Another,Knowledge transfer is the meaning of a part of knowledge management；Knowledge transfer is through the knowledge of the receiver and the knowledge provider interaction,To obtain the necessary knowledge through various media,And knowledge to be absorbed, development, innovation and use of the process. This study investigated the factors affecting knowledge transfer performance reasons.So first of all from the knowledge of properties and interaction of two dimensions of quality discussed.Secondly, the quality of consultancy services to the moderating effect of knowledge transfer performance.Finally, knowledge transfer performance will affect the performance of ERP into.ERP in an attempt to cause industries to lead into the assessment of,That is starting to focus on the quality of consultancy services and the establishment of knowledge transfer mechanisms into the team. In this study, samples were the company to have participated in the planning into ERP、Executive officer to,a total of 202 valid questionnaires,The path analysis,The results are as follows: 1.Knowledge characteristics and knowledge transfer performance has a positive significant effect. 2.Interaction quality on knowledge transfer performance dimensions have a positive significant effect of. 3.Consultancy service quality characteristics of knowledge and knowledge transfer performance and effect of interference. 4.Consultancy services on the interactive quality, quality and knowledge transfer performance and effect of interference. 5.Knowledge transfer performance higher, the more successful ERP system. This study suggests,that enterprises should not overlook the impact of ERP consultant on the import.Lead into ERP consulting services of carefully assessing the quality and organization of knowledge into team members transfer of consciousness,the two parties agreed to import a good team will give the best performance of enterprises to effectively and.

碩士
國立高雄應用科技大學
工業工程與管理系
99
Various stages of the shipbuilding processes are linked together, and the efficiency of their execution depends on the quality of the design data and the management of production progress. The construction of every ship must meet the owner's requirements in customized development and design; therefore, the cumulative data output of ship building projects is both enormous and complex. This is the reason that the design unit and the construction unit must maintain close contact to obtain the most correct and up-to-date information. The latest information and messages must be communicated effectively between the various design and construction departments to reduce the loss of costs in design and construction through inefficient activities due to outdated information. The use of Product Data Management (PDM) system can meet the requirements of the unique mode of operation of shipyards, and it can also systematically process and categorize all of the problems and resolutions encountered during the shipbuilding process. A PDM system can establish a knowledge base and corporate culture unique to the shipyard, thus improving its shipbuilding quality, efficiency and competitive advantage. This study implemented the PDM system developed by Data Systems in the Design Department of Shipyard A during their project involving the construction of a chemical tanker for CPC. Through the application of PDM functions such as user-access management, product document management, design process management and design project management, the design drawings, equipment manuals, construction documents, and the paper works in different formats of Shipyard A were integrated and shared within a unified data management platform. This was to maintain the validity of data and the consistency of file formats, and to ensure a smooth interface between the various stages, thus reducing the likelihood of project delays. This study then extended the PDM system to construct a "Knowledge Management System". During the project, data were stored within the PDM system through collecting, processing, analysis, instruction and application, thus systematically integrating multiples information during the shipbuilding process into a knowledge base unique to the shipyard. This information-oriented approach to the shipbuilding project allowed for a project management process that is highly efficient, which at the same time integrated the different construction projects of Shipyard A, shortened the duration between ship design to delivery procedure, and improved ship quality, thus reducing warranty-related projects, and ultimately elevating the corporate image of Shipyard A and its overall competitiveness.

博士
國立臺灣大學
圖書資訊學研究所
100
This research is an application research of the theories that have been governing the knowledge organization domain for decades. The goal of this research is to find out an effective method to construct a digital archives database system for the photograph and video resources on Taiwan indigenous peoples. The assertion of this research is that if we carefully analyze the relationships among resources and try to utilize the relations in the construction of metadata records and in the establishment of information retrieval system, it is possible to integrate resources in a complementary way and to enable the construction of a knowledge-oriented database system. In order to prove that the application of relations can enable the construction of a database system that can well-integrate resources and can provide easy-to-use searching aids such as indices as tools, this research was designed to include three major parts: literature review, survey of the state of the art, and experimental research. The purpose of literature review is to summarize useful concepts and methods in information/ knowledge organization so that this research can incorporate them in the experiment of database system construction. In this stage, the effort is to summarize the core theories of library science concerning database construction, including the traditional methods in information organization, and the recommended methods in information/ knowledge organization which are believed to be able to enable effective information searches. The survey of the state of the art includes two parts: to survey the databases of this domain provided by major portals to find out the problems that need to be solved, and to survey the available so-called ‘knowledge-oriented resources’ that are complementary to digital objects and their correspondent metadata records, i.e., those resources that deserve our attention and good to be included in the database system. Based on the findings of literature review and survey investigations, this research listed a set of functions for the to-be-constructed database system, with a goal to establish a database system that well applies the core theories and useful information organization methods asserted in the literature of information retrieval. The effort has resulted in an easy-to-use database system which was equipped with instrumental search guiding tools to enable effective searches and exploration, no matter if the searchers have background knowledge about the domain or not. To construct a database for the photograph and video resources on Taiwan indigenous peoples that can fulfill the system goals set by this research, it is necessary not only to establish accurate and more complete metadata records but also, to construct index files and ‘knowledge database’ that can support with supplemental or explanatory information for the digital objects in the database. However, it is a challenging task to fill in accurate and complete information in the index fields for numerous metadata records. It is also very time consuming to fill in complete explanatory information repeatedly in metadata records. In order to avoid human error and to enable inputting index terms in index fields effectively, this research tried to utilize the bibliographic relations and hierarchical relations between layered class terms so as to facilitate automatic index terms inputting. Besides, in order to eliminate the troublesome of inputting explanatory information repeatedly for all the metadata records that are about a same activity or event, this research tried to construct ‘knowledge databases’ for metadata records to share-use of the knowledge-oriented resources. The benefit of this approach is to make the metadata information more complete through an economic way. The application utilization of relations not only can ensure the accuracy of the index terms but also can associate indices, knowledge databases, and metadata records laterally, thus could enable the realization of a cross-database browsing-search interface afterwards. Upon the completion of a digital archives database system for the photograph and video resources on Taiwan indigenous peoples, this research tried to make an appraisal from multi-approach, including verifying the functionalities of the search interface of the database against the system goals set by this research in the beginning stage, discussion on the efficiency of the developed automatic index terms inputting method for metadata construction, in addition, discussion on the cost effectiveness of transforming Web resources into structured knowledge databases as demonstrated by this research. Finally, this research conducted a preliminary survey within the institutions that are allowed to access to the database during this database system development stage to learn about users’ opinion concerning the user-freindlyness and usability of this database, then refined the database system according to some of the users’ feedback. The appraisal concluded that the outcome database system has successfully fulfilled the system goals set by this research: it provides useful bilingual search aids that are useful for both browsing search and for learning about the content of the database, it can ensure literary warrant, and it can enable searchers to view all of the digital objects as long as the searchers make a thorough exploration using either the ‘knowledge map’ or certain index that has a complete coverage of all of the digital objects. In other words, the automatic index terms inputting method developed by this research had enabled the achievement of a complete subject indexing in both Chinese and English for all of the objects tackled in this research. Most of all, searchers can explore in the database from multi-facet, and can do expansion search from their search results while supplied with useful explanatory or introductory information about the digital objects they have retrieved. The aids for doing exploration search from multi-facet, for relating digital objects with knowledge-oriented Websites’ resources, and for the browsing and touch-screen search functionalities are especially highly valued by users. This research concluded that the application utilization of relations that exist among digital objects databases, ‘knowledge databases’ that are extracted from authoritative Internet resources, and layered knowledge map and indices as asserted by this research, is a kind of information/ knowledge organization method that exploits in-depth subject relationships, and could relate databases or relate databases with Internet resources in a logical way. This method is practical and easy to apply. It can ensure that all the objects and metadata records can at least be searched by at least one search guiding tool such as ‘knowledge map’ or index, and the searched object or metadata could bring upon useful knowledge-oriented information when there is any, hence make the search results informative enough that could benefit researches, education and culture preservation.

碩士
國立中正大學
成人及繼續教育研究所
89
Abstract This thesis has three research purposes. The first one is to analyze the development of Learning Organization, the construction of Knowledge Management System, the theory of Curriculum Integration and the relative researches. The second one is to understand recent situations, differences, and relationship among the elementary schools in Kaoshiung-Pingtung area, and to forecast every variable to Curriculum Integration Knowledge Management. Finally, according to the relative literature and main conclusions of this study, the researcher offers some suggestions for improving the development of Learning Organization and the construction of Curriculum Integration knowledge Management System. The research methods adopted in this study are document analysis and survey method with a questionnaire. First of all, the researcher collects and analyzes the documents about Learning Organization, Knowledge Management and Curriculum Integration. Secondly, according to the conclusions of document analysis and suggestions of experts, the survey instrument is designed and entitled in “Questionnaire to survey elementary school organization development and Knowledge Management,” and the reliability and validity are excellent. The sample of 810 teachers from 84 elementary schools was stratified random sampling from 407 schools among Kaohsiung-Pingtung area. Finally, there were 655 valid responses from the survey of the target teachers, and the data was analyzed through the method of descriptive and inferential statistics, including mean and standard deviation, ANOVA, Scheffe’ method, Pearson’s product-moment correlation, and multiple regression. The main findings of this study are as follows: 1.The elementary schools in Kaoshiung-Pingtung area could conform to the development of Learning Organization. 2.Most elementary schools in Kaoshiung-Pingtung area operate well in Curriculum Integration Knowledge Management. 3.There is a positive relationship among the development of Learning Organization and Curriculum Integration Knowledge Management. 4.The development of Learning Organization differs because of school’s scale and location. 5.Curriculum Integration Knowledge Management differs because of school’s location, principal’s sex, and implementation of 9-year Joint Curricula Plan. 6.The development of Learning Organization and Curriculum Integration Knowledge Management differ because of teacher’s sex and positions. 7.In regression forecast of teacher’s background variables, school and principal’s background variables, and Organization Development to Curriculum Integration Knowledge Management, especially the variable of “Learning Environment” has the biggest predictability in the development of Learning Organization. The variable of “implementing of 9-year Joint Curricula Plan” has the biggest predictability in the school’s background ones. According to the conclusion of documents analysis and study, the researcher purposes the following suggestions: 1.Suggestion for educational authorities: (1)Positively to develop Learning Organization for improving the effects of Curriculum Integration Knowledge Management. (2)To enhance Knowledge Management cognition for constructing an excellent Curriculum Integration Knowledge Management system. (3)To increase more interflow opportunities for 9-year Joint Curricula Plan test schools. 2. Suggestion for elementary schools: (1)To develop excellent learning culture and learning environment by learning leadership and positively to improve a Learning Organization. (2)To enhance the functions of Curriculum Development Committee and Learning Domain Curriculum Teams. (3)Middle and large-scale schools’ administrators and teachers should often communicate with each other. (4)Teachers who serve in administration concurrently should positively communicate with homeroom teachers and realize what they need and how they feel. 3. Suggestion for elementary school teachers: (1)To get more new curriculum ideas and put them in use for renewing curriculum knowledge. (2)To enhance information technology abilities for the sake of curriculum knowledge share and communication. (3)Teachers should realize school’s management ideas and participate in administration affairs. 4. Suggestion for future studies: (1)In research object: parents, educational administrators, students, and community members could be the objects. The research conclusion, which includes the ideas of school, communities and educational administration authorities, will be more complete. (2)In research variability: In learning organization development, the future researcher could probe into different points of view. In Curriculum Integration Knowledge Management, the researcher could combine with evaluation system for the sake of deeper analysis, and extend Curriculum Integration Knowledge Management to the construction of whole school to establish more complete model. (3)In research instrument: The future researcher could survey the development of other areas to enhance the reliability and validity. (4)In research method: The future researcher could adopt some qualification research methods such as participant observation, case study, and depth interview. (5)In research thesis: The future researcher could take different management and education administration theories as basic points to study, and offer more references for elementary school developing Learning Organization and School Curriculum Knowledge Management.

碩士
銘傳大學
管理科學研究所碩士在職專班
91
Knowledge and human resources transforming insubstantial assets to tangible assets are undertaken as a valuable asset in the knowledge economy era. Achieving the goals of organizational, community and country growth through strategic human resources management is an important issue for promoting commercial and industrial competencies at dynamic business environment. After reviewing the relative HR literatures, this study concluded a framework of promoting skill management and certificate system in knowledge-based service organization, “Industrial Technology Intelligence Services & Promotion Project （ITIS Project）, Ministry of Economy Affairs.” It also explored the drivers of organization level at knowledge service and industrial skill management of industry level through questionnaires, nominal groups, and field study method. The key successful factors of executing skill management as follows: 1. Skill Management Planning: This is the major tool of achieving strategy goal. The main procedure starts from environmental analysis, and then proceeds organizational, business and job analysis in order to identify the major competencies for each job categories and functions. 2. Relationship among training enhancement, appraisal and organization performance: When organization executes the skill management, we will focus appraisal and training enhancement to understand the gap between current situation, desired mission, and business objective and core competencies of the enterprise. 3. Implement the certificate system of Industry information service: We recommend to establish the professional certificate system of Certified Industry Analyst (CIA) and Certified Industry Consultant (CIC) in order to response to the linkage of enterprise job in proportion to the relative rights and positions. The unit issued the certification should create the prestigious and professional image at the initial stage. The training institute should have both the policy guidance and brand awareness.

The aim of the research documented in the thesis was to design an ontology for the knowledge organization domain. Three requirements specifying areas of ontology use have been identified: making of statements for a knowledge base for knowledge organization, indexing of resources in the domain and interlinking with content-relevant ontologies. The design was elaborated by the method of reengineering the first version of ontology, created in the framework of the NAKI research project Knowledge base for subject area of knowledge organization in 2013-2015. The second version of ontology is based on the DOLCE foundational ontology, specifically on the reusing of its selected classes and predicates, including the axioms associated with them. The reengineering of the content of the first version of ontology was done by the domain and facet analysis methodology. The outcome is divided in two interlinked modules - axiomatized heavy- weight core ontology and light-weight terminological ontology. The ontology offers a solution to the compatibility of Czech and world terminology, it applies an extended concept of domain beyond the scope of memory institutions, and it presents a partial contribution to the development of the theory of knowledge organization. The content of the thesis is divided into five...

碩士
國立高雄第一科技大學
行銷與流通管理所
96
The objective of this research is to develop a model evaluation system to investigate the factors that affect the implementation of knowledge management and knowledge involvement theory in the computerization of archive system applied in Port of Kaohsiung. Statistical Program for Social Science (SSPS) was conducted to analyze the data. Surveyed 285 individuals within the organization with a designed questionnaire. Regression analysis method was carried out to confirm and identify the correlation between Organization Knowledge Management and the Knowledge Involvement. Results revealed that all three considered parameters, including User Involvement, Knowledge Cognition, and Organization Management Mechanism, showed significantly impact on Organization Knowledge Involvement. Results also indicated the Organization Technology Capability plays important role to integrate the impact of the Organization Management Mechanism on to Organization Involvement. The major contributions of this study are to: 1. Establish a complete and versatile model system as a management tool. 2. Provide superintendent the critical factors and guideline to promote the Organization Knowledge Involvement concept.

碩士
輔仁大學
管理學研究所
91
This thesis is probing how a new established company can build up their inherit system of organization to achieve efficiency of innovation in its insufficient resource circumstance. The structure of this thesis is making use of the information processing system of memory in the Psychology as the compass for we can manage the organization memory and, planning them as well. As a result of interaction the memory and learing system in the organization, I hereby develop a inherit system of organization in this thesis and, using 3 different innovation strategic cases to prove the inherit system of organization is workable. Form these cases, we can find the project manager will be the key of the innovation knowledge flow in and being transferred to the others in the organization(short term memory statage), at that times, once the innovation knowledge is an asymmetrical knowledge, the project manager will search from the data-base of organization (long term memory statage) and then decide start its learing system or asking help from the memory socialized process in organization( working memory statage). No matter how, all the knowledge will be saved in their data base in organic and common rules. All members in the organization could therefore share the knowledge to each others without any of limitation or regulation. Surely, the memory socialize could be worked via 1.dicussing in a meeting 2.tranning and education 3.interaction of human relation. Here following are my conclusions in this thesis: 1. The organization memory will be the key in its inherit system. 2. The ability of learing is the core competience to the organization. 3. Only if we know the nature of knowledge, otherwise we can’t do the knowledge management well.

(in English): The thesis investigates knowledge management in the context of information science and human resources management strategy. It includes (1) analysis of the current status of knowledge management and the potential of knowledge management to be evaluated using audit procedures, (2) comparative analysis of knowledge management as approached in the Czech Republic and other countries, and (3) knowledge management audit proposal.