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1
Huzen, Kent Bob. "Politics of Islamic Jihad". Thesis, University of Canterbury. Social and Political Sciences, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/3504.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This thesis argues among other things, That the concept of jihad, which represents a form of striving and endeavour-often misinterpreted in the literature as 'holy war'- is rooted in the Qur'anic ideals and interpretations (ijtihad). However it can be extremely variable when 'applied' to Muslim societies in the course of history. Thus for example, the Greater and Lesser Jihads might be subject to a number of different interpretations when applied to Muslim societies deriving from a (a) historical experiences and/or circumstances; (b) theological or philosophical debates; (c) differing religio-political elite formations; and (d)strategic assesments of threats and/or dangers to Islam. We demonstrate the multifaceted and variable characteristics of jihad through the use of a 'Jihadist Wheel'. In the case of modern jihadist organizations, which we examine, reference to the Qur'an as a source of ideological guidance and inspiration has sometimes given way to what is referred to in the literature as a 'strategic' assesment of the realities confronting Islam. Often, as the case of Iraq, this might lead to excessive violence and accusations of Islamic terrorism.
From an analytical standpoint this thesis argues that 'jihadism' and 'terrorism' are two differnt construct in terms of motivation and goals. However the variability of the jihadist concept when applied by Muslims under varying conflictual circumstances (i.e. threats and/or response) can sometimes add to confusion surrounding the meaning of the term and of course its identification with 'holy war' or 'terrorism'.
It is hoped that this thesis will at least add some light to the current debate in the literature over the anatomy of jihadism, whils seeking to provide an analytical framework for the identification and application of different forms of jihad based on the Qur'anic exegesis.
2
Syed, Idris Kabir. "Al Jihad Al Kabir". Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1406301273.
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3
Smit, Frank. "Fredlig Kamp eller Våldsam Jihad : En jämförelse av tre islamisk-inspirerade propagandaskrifter rörande Jihad". Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för kulturvetenskaper (KV), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-71386.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In the Islamic world, the term Jihad bears intricate meaning, and its rightful interpretation has occupied many scholars and Muslims across the globe. For some, it relates to the personal struggle that one may have to deal with on a regular basis. For others, the term operates on the basis of a willingness to fight. While the latter interpretation seems to be shared by extremist terrorists of organisations such as ISIS and Al Qaeda, the majority of Muslims have an entirely different interpretation of jihad. This essay wishes to delve deeper into this intricate term in order to come closer to an understanding of Jihad. This is done by conducting a qualitative and comparative analysis of three magazines of propaganda: the Ahmadiyya Community, the Islamic State and Al Qaeda respectively. The results of the study showed that the Ahmadiyya Community claim that a vital aspect of jihad is “jihad-of-the-pen”, a concept which aims to educate other people on the peaceful nature of Islam. Because of the wrongful interpretation of Jihad by extremist organisations, the Ahmadiyya Community take to the pen in order to battle these misinterpretations while also wanting to show that Islam is a peaceful religion. Furthermore, they claim that this wrongful interpretation affects the way ordinary law-abiding Muslim citizens are being viewed upon. Moreover, the findings also showed that ISIS and Al Qaeda interpret jihad as being the “jihad-of-the-sword”, whereby it is considered to be the sixth pillar. While ISIS use the concept of jihad to justify its fighting of the disbelievers, including Muslims who deal with ‘Crusader’ Western democracies, Al Qaeda aims their jihad towards the United States, whom they feel are the root to everything terror. The essay concludes with a the notion that research on this topic should focus more on peaceful jihad, the kind of personal and inner struggle that is being advocated by the Ahmadiyya communities. Literature, such as Understanding Jihad, Field of Blood, and The Secret History of Al Qaeda, has all too much tended to the violent-nature of jihad and left the peaceful, inner struggle out of the discussion. More research can be conducted on this topic to further paint the picture of peaceful struggle, which is a struggle that is felt for the absolute majority of Muslims throughout this world.
4
Sarangi, Sudhanshu. "Psychological pathways in militant Jihad". Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.548762.
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5
Baudon, Antoine Philippe. "To jihad and back home". Thesis, Durham University, 2017. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/12096/.
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This thesis theorises a disengagement framework to disengage French individuals engaged with the militant salafi-jihadi movement and criticises the French government’s response to this growing phenomenon. To make sense of disengagement, engagement must first be made sense of. Engagement is examined through Social Movement Theory, especially via incentives, frames, networks, and the repertoire of action. Specifically, this thesis makes sense of why and how French individuals engage with the pan-Islamist movement through the Salafi-quietist and Tabligh movements. Then, it makes sense of French individuals engagement with the militant salafi-jihadi movement, namely, via a focus on the Algerian Groupe Islamique Arm´e, al-Qaeda, and Daesh. The pan-Islamist movement is seen as the phenomenon’s inception: a movement proselytising individuals to turn againstWestern society. While the pan-Islamist movement is non-violent, the militant salafi-jihadi movement is a violent sub-movement. The French government has only responded, since the 1980s, by force towards the militant salafi-jihadi movement but has not responded to the pan-Islamist movement. In fact, some politicians have been reticent to prevent, even criticise, the pan-Islamist movement’s spread. With the phenomenon’s evolution, especially the Syrian jihad, the French government’s hard counter-terrorism approach is inadequately adapted. It has created a soft approach in 2014. Yet, it follows the controversial notion of mental manipulation that neither counter-acts the pan-Islamist movement nor the militant salafi-jihadi movement. Via the examination of engagement, this thesis can both critically analyse the French hard and soft approaches and uncover lessons for disengagement in the hopes of establishing a disengagement framework. That is, a soft social approach. This is not a social approach through job creation and improvement of socioeconomics. Rather, this is a framework wherein individuals are given the chance to belong and participate into society. That is, they are engaged into the French Social Contract. If needed, disengagement programmes can be included. Overall, this thesis aims at a policy recommendation for the creation of a nationwide disengagement framework and an adaptation of France’s counter-terrorism strategy.
6
Kamolnick, Paul. "Delegitimizing Al-Qaeda: A Jihad-Realist Approach". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2012. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu_books/123.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Disrupting, dismantling, and ultimately defeating al-Qaeda based and inspired terrorism is a declared policy of the U.S. Government. Three key strategic objectives have been identified for accomplishing this: attacking al-Qaeda’s terror network, undermining radicalization and recruitment, and hardening homeland defense. The present monograph proposes a distinct "jihad-realist" approach for undermining radicalization and recruitment to al-Qaeda. First, a brief discussion of six means for ending terrorist organizations is provided. Second, the premises of a jihad-realist approach are described. Third, a jihad-realist shari’a case against al-Qaeda’s terrorism is presented. In conclusion, key assertions are summarized, and several specific policy recommendations offered for national security personnel charged with formulating and executing counterterrorist messaging strategy.https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu_books/1129/thumbnail.jpg
7
Smith, Tom. "The geography of the jihad : what connects the incidents of the jihad - networked radicalisation, connected insurgencies or a global ethical movement? : case studies of the jihad in Mindanao and Pattani". Thesis, University of Hull, 2015. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:14593.
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8
Lewis, Gregory W. "Taking jihad out of the hands of infidels". Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2007. http://bosun.nps.edu/uhtbin/hyperion-image.exe/07Jun%5FLewis.pdf.
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Thesis (M.A. in National Security Affairs)-Naval Postgraduate School, June 2007.Thesis Advisor(s): Abbas Kadhim, Heather S. Gregg. "June 2007." Includes bibliographical references (p. 69-73). Also available in print.
9
Palumbo, James F. Vaniman Daniel N. "Global jihad the role of Europe's radical Muslims /". Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2007. http://bosun.nps.edu/uhtbin/hyperion-image.exe/07Dec%5FPalumbo.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S. in Information Operatioins)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2007.Thesis Advisor(s): Robinson, Glenn E. "December 2007." Description based on title screen as viewed on January 22, 2008. Includes bibliographical references (p. 93-103). Also available in print.
10
Vaniman, Daniel N. "Global jihad the role of Europe's radical Muslims". Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/3125.
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ering level of jihadist activity in each country focus primarily on one foreign policy item: support or opposition to the Iraq war. However research shows a number of other critical items which also influence the level of jihadist activity. These include other foreign policy initiatives such as NATO's lead in Afghanistan involving military forces from all four countries; support of "apostate" regimes, such as France's involvement in Algeria; as well as perceived injustices against Muslims during colonial conquests. Another critical factor is the country of origin of the Muslim population. Analysis reveals that jihadist activity amongst Pakistani Muslims tends to be higher than with groups from other origins. The final critical factor measured was the domestic policies of each country. Policies which encourage integration and assimilation appear to minimize jihadist activity. Lessons learned based on the success and failure in each of these countries are critical to developing long term counter terrorism policies and eliminating European Muslims as a support element or active participants for the global jihad.
11
Fondren, Billy R. "The Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt, Jordan and Syria a comparison". Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2009. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/theses/2009/March/09Mar%5FFondren.pdf.
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Thesis (M.A. in Security Studies (Middle East, South Asia, Sub-Saharan Africa))--Naval Postgraduate School, March 2009.Thesis Advisor(s): Baylouny, Anne Marie ; Russell, James. "March 2009." Description based on title screen as viewed on April 23, 2009 Author(s) subject terms: Muslim Brotherhood (MB), Islamist, Gradualist-Pragmatic, Demographics, Tawid, Jihad, jam'iyah, Nasser, Siba'i, Islamic Action Front (IAF). Includes bibliographical references (p. 75-78). Also available in print.
12
Haykal, Muḥammad Khayr. "al-Jihād wa-al-qitāl fī al-siyāsah al-sharʻīyah". Bayrūt, Lubnān : Dār al-Bayāriq, 1993. http://books.google.com/books?id=MkzYAAAAMAAJ.
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13
Ahmed, Tanveer. "The role of moderate Muslims in combating violent Jihad". Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2007. http://bosun.nps.edu/uhtbin/hyperion-image.exe/07Dec%5FAhmed.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S. in Defense Analysis)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2007.Thesis Advisor(s): Simons, Anna. "December 2007." Description based on title screen as viewed on January 18, 2008. Includes bibliographical references (p. 65-72). Also available in print.
14
Muller, Helgard Daniel. "Global Jihad : three approaches to religion and political conflict". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97376.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2002.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The horrific terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon, in America, and the bombing of a nightclub in Bali, Indonesia, have forced may people to seriously consider the impact of religion on political conflict. This literature review readdresses the serious neglect of religion in political studies by examining the three theoretical approaches to religion and political conflict, on the domestic and international level, that can be identified. Primordialists argue that differences in religious traditions should be viewed as one of the most important factors in explaining violent interactions in and between nations. They stress how differences in cultural identity and cosmologies can lead to violent conflict in and between nations. They illustrate how the deep malaise of modem secular society is leading to a backlash of alternative worldviews. This approach is culturally too simplistic in not providing a complex enough framework for understanding the dynamic social forces that constitute cultural identity. Instrumentalists admit that conflicts might be aggravated by diverging religious creeds but are rarel y if ever caused by them; instead most conflicts are about power and wealth. They emphasize the role played by political entrepreneurs, who use religion as an instrument to further their own goals. This approach is guilty of the other extreme - downplaying the role of religion and culture. Constructivists regard social conflicts as being embedded in cognitive structures like ideology, religion, nationalism and ethnicity. Constructivists can theorize about cultural identity, social structures, actors and forces together with the material world of power and wealth and are therefore best suited to give an adequate description of religion and political conflict. Despite its great promise constructivism still needs to step up to the board and deliver theories about religion and political conflict. The serious neglect of religion in political studies needs to be addressed and the most likely framework within which to do so seems to be constructivism.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die skokkende terroriste aanvalle op die World Trade Center en die Pentagon in Amerika en die bom in 'n nagklub in Bali, Indonesië, het baie mense gedwing om die impak van godsdiens op politieke konflik ernstig te oorweeg. Die literatuuroorsig herondersoek die ernstige verwaarloosing van godsdiens in politieke wetenskap weer eens, deur te kyk na die drie benaderings wat ten opsigte van godsdiens en politieke konflik, op plaaslike en internasionale vlak geïdentifiseer kan word. Primordialiste glo dat verskille tussen gosdienstradisies gesien moet word as een van die vernaamste faktore vir politieke konflik binne en tussen nasies. Hulle beklemtoon die wyse waarop verskille in kulturele identiteit en kosmologie kan bydra tot gewelddadige konflik binne en tussen nasies. Hulle illustreer verder hoe die diep malaise van die moderne sekulêre samelewing besig is om te lei tot 'n teenreaksie van alternatiewe wêreldbeskouings. Die benadering is egter kultureel gesproke te simplisties deurdat dit nie 'n raamwerk kan skep wat kompleks genoeg is ten einde die dinamies sosiale kragte wat kulturele identiteit vorm, te verstaan nie. Instrumentaliste gee toe dat politieke konflik dalk deur uiteenloopende godsdienstige tradisies vererger kan word, maar dat dit selde indien ooit daardeur veroorsaak word. Inteendeel, die meeste konflik handel steeds oor mag en rykdom. Hulle beklemtoon die rol wat gespeel word deur politieke entrepreneurs, wat geloof as 'n instrument gebruik in die bevordering van hulle eie doelwitte. Die benadering is skuldig aan die ander uiterste - die rol van kultuur en godsdiens word as minder belangrik beskou. Konstruktiviste beskou sosiale konflik as gewortel in kognitiewe strukture soos ideologie, godsdiens, nasionalisme en etnisiteit. Konstruktiviste kan teoretiseer oor kulturele identiteit, sosiale strukture, akteurs en kragte saam met die materiële wêreld wat bestaan uit mag en rykdom, en is daarom die beste geskik om 'n voldoende beskrywing te gee van godsdiens en politieke konflik. Ten spyte van die belowende potensiaal van konstruktivisme moet die perspektief nog begin om teorieë oor godsdiens en politieke konflik te verskaf. Die ernstige verwaarloosing van godsdiens in politieke wetenskap moet ondersoek word en die beste benadering hiervoor blyk konstruktivisme te wees.
15
Dorronsoro, Gilles. "La Révolution afghane : du Jihad à la guerre civile". Paris, EHESS, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995EHES0034.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
A partir d'une etude de terrain menee entre 1988 et 1993. L'auteur montre dans un premier chapitre les fondements de la socio-genese de l'etat afghan. La revolte qui suit l'arrivee du gouvernement communiste en 1978 conduit a une mise en recit des actions, au depart isolees. Dans une logique de jihad que les partis islamistes peuvent facilement reprendre a leur compte. Les autorites locales qui emergent de la lutte. Les commandants, ont une legitimite de nature differente selon qu'ils sont passes par le lycee (ou l'universite). Proprietaires terriens, ulema ou pir une typologie des modes de pouvoirs selon les commandants fait ressortir la difference fondamentale entre pouvoir de type patrimonial et institutionnel. Distinction qui fonde une typologie des partis afghans. La concentration du pouvoir qui nait de la concurrence entre les parts et les commandants aboutit a une territorialisation des partis. La quetion de l'ethicite devient alors centrale puisque les partis entreprennent une mobilisation de type nationaliste a partir d'identites ethniques souvent mal definies. Le discours des partis a donc des consequences importantes sur les relations inter-ethniques et l'auto-definition des individusThis work is based on a field study carried out from 1988 to 1993. In the first chaper. We show the process of institutionalization of the afghan state. The popular revolts after the communist coup in 1978. Largely uncoordinated at the beginning. Vere understood by the people therselves as part of a jihed. The local authorities or "commandant" vho have energed during the war. Have different types of legitimacy. Depending on their social status (notables. Ulema, pir or educated). Our typology is precisely based on the difference between "patrimonial" power and "institionalized" pover. Besides, the process of concentration of power goes tovard a more territorialized type of political system in afghanistan. The issue of ethnicity is then becoming more and more decisive because the political parties are trying to mobilize the people in the name of so-called nation ou ethny that are generally not well-defined. The discourse of the parties have huge consequences on the state of inter-ethnies relationskip and on the self perception of the individuals
16
Jitmoud, Linda K. Kolocotronis. "An intellectual historical study of Islamic Jihad during the life of Muhammad and in the twentieth century". Virtual Press, 1985. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/440946.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The purpose of the study was to clarify the definition and to determine the proper application of Islamic jihad. Jihad, a primary facet of the religion of Islam, has often been translated as "holy war". In the study, jihad was translated as "struggle in the cause of Allah".To obtain a clarification regarding the original definition of Islamic Jihad, the fundamental sources of Islamic belief, the Qur'an and the Sunnah, were examined. Study of the Qur'an and the Sunnah provided a fundamental outline of the basic rules and regulations regarding the concept of jihad.To obtain a further understanding of the implementation of proper practices in jihad, instances of jihad during the life of Muhammad were examined. Included were the Meccan period, when military jihad had not yet been instituted, and the Medinan period. Military campaigns and diplomatic missions under the leadership of Muhammad were examined. From specific examples of personal, military and diplomatic jihad, general principles were derived.Examination of twentieth-century Islamic thought regarding Jihad indicated that the contemporary manifestation of Islamic Jihad has been rooted in the philosophy of Islamic revivalism. According to twentieth-century Islamic revivalism, the religion of Islam should be regarded as a timeless body of principles which pertain to the daily concerns of government and society. Jihad has been indicated as the tool for achieving the implementation of basic Islamic principles. The arena for Islamic struggle, i.e. jihad, may be the battlefield, the legislature or the printed page.Specific examples of jihad in the twentieth-century were examined. Examples included in the study were: the establishment of Pakistan; the establishment of the Islamic Republic of Iran; the Islamic revivalist movement in Egypt; and the Islamic rebellion against the Soviet presence in Afghanistan. The Islamic struggle in Pakistan was found to be the least successful, and the Islamic struggle in Afghanistan was found to be the most successful, of the examples of contemporary jihad.The study will be significant in providing a comprehensive model of the proper conduct of Islamic jihad. The study will also clarify misconceptions regarding the concept and practice of Islamic jihad.
17
Kamolnick, Paul. "Of Jihads, Jihadists, and Jihadisms". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/648.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Review Essay of Y. Aboul-Enein, Militant Islamist Ideology: Understanding the Global Threat, Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press, 2013; J. Deol and Z. Kazmi, eds. Contextualising Jihadi Thought. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012; M. H. Hassan, The Father of Jihad:’Abd Allāh ‘Azzām’s Jihad ideas and Implications to National Security. London: Imperial College Press, 2014; J. Wagemakers, A Quietist Jihadi: The Ideology and Influence of Abu Muhammad al-Maqdisi. Cambridge, England and New York: Cambridge University Press, 2012; A. Moghadam and B. Fishman, eds., Fault lines in global jihad: Organizational, Strategic, and Ideological Fissures, New York and London: Routledge, 2013.
18
Scoggins, David Russell. "International Islamic daʻwah and jihad a qualitative and quantitative assessment /". Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2005. http://www.tren.com/search.cfm?p068-0578.
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Oudeh, Nabil Omar. "The concept of Jihad in the Quran a systematic study /". Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1991. http://www.tren.com.
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20
Möller, André. "Ramadan in Java : the joy and jihad of ritual fasting /". Lund : Almqvist & Wiksell, 2005. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb40161381s.
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Alabdullah, Jihad [Verfasser]. "Attitude of medical students towards psychiatry: transcultural perspective / Jihad Alabdullah". Berlin : Medizinische Fakultät Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1121007449/34.
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22
Bombardieri, Maria. "Branding Islam. Le donne dell'ISIS tra jihad, empowerment e sottomissione". Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3426333.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The PhD thesis Branding Islam. The Women of ISIS among jihad, empowerment and submission contributes to the academic debate on the relationship between the religion and the brand within the framework of the consumer culture. The present work analyses the re-signification of Islam in a brand and how the brand is a further source giving sense to people and building their identities besides the religion, in a post-modern and consumerist society. The theoretical framework involves semiotics, marketing (storytelling) and branding approaches. The theoretical framework is applied to "ISIS and the phenomenon of Western muhajirat" as an empirical case study, with a focus on Italy in comparison with European countries and United States. The thesis analyses ISIS as a brand with its own imaginary world and the Western muhajirat as consumers.La tesi Branding Islam. Le donne dell'ISIS tra jihad, empowerment e sottomissione intende contribuire alla riflessione accademica sulla religione e sul brand all'interno del frame della cultura del consumo. Le domande di ricerca da cui muove sono: può un sistema religioso essere ri-significato in un brand? Come? Quale ruolo ha l'istituto del brand nella costruzione dell'identità? Il presente lavoro analizza come l'islam è interessato da un processo di risignificazione (branding) in un brand, e come l'istituto del brand è un'ulteriore fonte di senso e di orientamento per la costruzione identitaria dell'individuo in una società post-moderna e consumistica. Il quadro teorico è costruito con approcci della semiotica, del marketing (storytelling) e del branding, ed è applicato al caso empirico dell'ISIS e delle donne supporter e muhajirat (donne che emigrano) occidentali, con un focus sull'Italia in chiave comparativa con altri paesi europei e con gli Stati Uniti. ISIS è analizzato come un brand con un proprio mondo possibile e il target a cui rivolge l'offerta del jihad di marca sono considerati consumatori-ricettori.
23
Shaikh, Erum M. "War and peace: Towards an understanding of the theology of jihad". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2004. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc5562/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The growing number of terrorist attacks waged by Islamic fundamentalists has led to an increasing desire to understand the nature of jihad. These attacks have led to a renewed sense of urgency to find answers to such questions as why these attacks occur, and who they are waged against. Towards this end I turn to examine the political philosophy of four Muslim theologians. Specifically I look at the political philosophy of Sayyid Qutb, Shah Walai Allah Dihlawai, Ibn Rushd (Averroes), and Muhammad Sa'id al-Ashmawy. I find that the notion of jihad is very inconclusive. Furthermore, the question of jihad revolves largely around the question of whether or not individuals can be reasoned with, and secondly whether religion should be compelled upon individuals.
24
Elzain, Carol, e celzain@hotmail com. "Modern Islamic Terrorism, Jihad and the Perceptions of Melbourne's Muslim Leaders". RMIT University. Gloabl Studies Social Sciences and Planning, 2008. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20081128.145202.
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Terrorism has loomed in the public eye for centuries; however, since 9/11 modern terrorism has attracted a new public dimension. On an international and domestic scope, media and government bodies have identified that the 9/11 terrorist attacks were delivered by the hands of Islamic terrorists, namely Al-Qaeda (U.S. Government, 2002). According to Australian, American and British government official reports and numerous international and domestic media reports, Al-Qaeda publicly claimed responsibility for 9/11 and other terrorist attacks such as the Bali, London and Madrid bombings (Al-Jazeera, 2004: 1-6; Gonzales, 2006:3; National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States, 2002: 1-49; ). Furthermore, some domestic and international Muslim communities have responded to 9/11 and other attacks by revealing their support of Al-Qaeda's hatred and violence towards the West (Tarakhil, 2004:1; Ziabi, 2006:5). It was here among these media and governmen t reports that the concept of Jihad emerged as a pivotal religious and political concept that justifies terrorism. As a result, Jihad developed a causal link to terrorism and thus, placed Islam in the forefront of controversy as a religion that creates terrorists. Despite such compelling government and media reports on the association made between Jihad and terrorism, questions as to their link remain prevalent. It would be an ignorant and a deeply unjust assumption to make against Islam, if the public are led to believe that an association truly exists between Jihad and terrorism without credibly assessing the construct and application of both concepts. Therefore, it is the aim of this research to analyze Jihad and terrorism first as singular concepts, and then examine the possible link that Jihad may have with Islamic terrorism. In order to successfully conduct such an enquiry, it is important to compare and contrast both the interpretations of Melbourne's Islamic religious leaders to that of academic literature on Jihad and terrorism.
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Quartuccio, Anthony. "Variations and deviations : Jihad in classical and contemporary islamic political thought /". Title page, abstract and table of contents only, 2005. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09AR/09arq15.pdf.
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Ramsay, Gilbert. "Consuming the jihad : an enquiry into the subculture of internet jihadism". Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/3607.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Recent years have seen a great deal of interest in phenomena such as Al Qaida 'terrorism', Islamic 'radicalism' or, increasingly, 'jihadism' - on the Internet. However, as I argue in this thesis, much work in these areas has been problematic for a number of reasons. Much literature has been narrowly focused on the security issues which it pre-judges the content to raise, and has therefore taken some aspects too literally while ignoring others. Conversely, where authors have addressed 'jihadi' content or 'electronic jihad' as a phenomenon unto itself, they have had difficulty making sense of it within religious studies or political communication frameworks. In this dissertation, I propose an alternative approach. Deliberately eschewing frameworks based on pre-existing conceptions of religion or politics, I draw, instead, on the academic literature on fandom and subcultural media consumption. Using this conceptual lens, I attempt to analyse jihadism on the Internet (which I define in terms of online consumption of, and identification with self-described 'jihadi' content) as a subcultural phenomenon on its own terms. I argue that, without necessarily denying the role that beliefs and ideals expressed in 'jihadi' content may sometimes have in sustaining the physical violence of the 'global jihad', the cultural practices which constitute Internet jihadism have a tactical logic of their own which may not always coincide with the 'strategic' interests of 'global jihad'. By better understanding what 'ordinary' jihadis, most of whom will never participate in violence, get out of their practices, and how they negotiate the apparent contradictions of their situation, I suggest that we may be better placed to understand not only why some jihadis 'fail' to negotiate these contradictions, but also, perhaps, to raise questions about how popular media consumption works more generally.
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Mourani, Maria. "Les chemins du jihad : une sociologie rhizomique de récits de vie". Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/41430.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Les chemins du jihad sont multiples et se dessinent largement par-delà le processus linéaire de radicalisation propre à la majorité des études sur le sujet à la recherche de causes. Cette thèse raconte les multiples enchevêtrements, allers-retours et bifurcations de ces voies empruntées par des Canadiens, Français et Belges, dont les lignes de fuite ont abouti ou pas à des devenirs-jihad. L’objectif étant de comprendre comment ces acteurs en arrivent-ils à désirer l'engagement jihadiste ? Comment en sont-ils affectés et donnent-ils sens à tout cela ? Un désir aux multiples (re)territorialisations qui, parfois, peut tourner en abolition mortuaire. L’émergence d’un moment où l’on perçoit les choses autrement lors de cette rencontre, virtuelle ou réelle, humaine ou non-humaine, qui affecte, et donne sens à une ligne de fuite. Par l’approche rhizomique et schizo-analytique de Deleuze et Guattari – une perspective fluide qui revient à penser l'humain non pas comme une entité fixe, mais un devenir – il est décrit les agencements de ces lignes qui traversent le champ social et les acteurs en une chorégraphie de ruptures, de bifurcations, d’enchevêtrements, de sauts, de dé-re-territorialisations, d’arrêts, etc., à partir des 25 récits de vie des participants. La thèse constitue une cartographie des lignes molaires, souples et de fuite ainsi que des intensités (affects) ; des agencements machinés, des machines sociales, abstraites, désirantes, de guerre, faisant apparaître les multiples possibilités d’existence… toute une machine-jihad.
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Kamolnick, Paul. "The Egyptian Islamic Group’s Critique of Al-Qaeda’s Interpretation of Jihad". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2013. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/637.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
A specific branch of Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh al-jihad) regulates the waging of the jihad of the sword (jihad bis saif). In this article, a detailed exposition is presented of the Egyptian Islamic Group’s (IG; Al-Gama’a Al-Islamiyya) use of fiqh al jihad against Al-Qaeda. The present author’s ‘jihad-realist’ approach is first briefly described; the IG’s critique of AQ systematically outlined; and in conclusion, implications are derived for counter-radicalisation strategies.
29
Dillon, Michael R. "Wahhabism is it a factor in the spread of global terrorism?" Thesis, Monterey, California : Naval Postgraduate School, 2009. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/theses/2009/Sep/09Sep_Dillon.pdf.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (M.A. in Security Studies (Middle East, Southwest Asia, Africa))--Naval Postgraduate School, September 2009.Thesis Advisor(s): Kadhim, Abbas ; Hafez, Mohammed. "September 2009." Description based on title screen as viewed on November 9, 2009. Author(s) subject terms: Wahhabism, Saudi Arabia, terrorism, Jihad, Jihadism, Salafism, Islamism. Includes bibliographical references (p. 79-80). Also available in print.
30
Gyves, Clifford M. "Policing toward a de-clawed jihad antiterrorism intelligence techniques for law enforcement". Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2006. http://bosun.nps.edu/uhtbin/hyperion.exe/06Dec%5FGyves.pdf.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (M.A. in Security Studies (Homeland Security and Defense))--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2006.Thesis Advisor(s): Thomas Bruneau, María Rasmussen. "December 2006." Includes bibliographical references (p. 129-158). Also available in print.
31
Yelkenci, Nilay. "Queer Christian Responses to A Jihad for Love : The Case of Sweden". Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för mediestudier, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-77622.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This reception study, drawing on Robert White’s culturalist approach to religious media and Jane Mansbridge’s oppositional consciousness, explores the meaning-making process of Queer Christians in Sweden about Parvez Sharma’s A Jihad for Love. The study argues that against a background where Muslims and Queer Muslims facing multiple forms of othering in Western mainstream media, queer-affirming Muslim alternative media can be a precursor to interfaith encounter and interreligious dialogue between Queer Christians and Queer Muslims. The results show that A Jihad for Love potentially increased the imagination and political interest of Queer Christians in Sweden in Queer Muslim lives. Finally, this study contributes to the reception of queer-affirming Muslim alternative media which has long been neglected and offers interesting insights about Queer Christian conceptualization of freedom, tolerance, secularism, religion and media in Swedish society. Keywords: A Jihad for Love, religious media, queer affirming alternative Muslim media, Queer Muslims, Queer Christians, Sweden, interfaith dialogue, secularism
32
Dangoor, Jonathan. ""No need to exaggerate" : - the 1914 Ottoman Jihad declaration in genocide historiography". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Hugo Valentin-centrum, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-324712.
Testo completo
33
Coughlin, Stephen Collins. ""To our great detriment" ignoring what extremists say about Jihad (with appendices) /". [Washington, DC] : National Defense Intelligence College, 2007. http://www.strategycenter.net/docLib/20080107_Coughlin_ExtremistJihad.pdf.
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34
Wheelock, Philippe. "Striving in the Sufi way: Jihad, peace and political legitimacy in Afghanistan". Diss., Connect to online resource, 2005. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/colorado/fullcit?p1425772.
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35
Jani, Mohammad Shah. "Sayyid Qutb's view of jihad : an analytical study of his major works". Thesis, University of Birmingham, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.497570.
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36
Li, Darryl Chi-Yee. "Jihad and Other Universalisms: Arab-Bosnian Encounters in the U.S. World Order". Thesis, Harvard University, 2012. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:10627.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This dissertation uses the experiences of Arab Islamist fighters in the 1992-1995 war in Bosnia-Herzegovina (BiH) to rethink prevailing notions of world order. These actors are frequently glossed as “foreign fighters”: rootless, unaccountable extremists attempting to impose rigid forms of Islam on local “moderate” Muslim populations, be it in BiH, Afghanistan, Chechnya, or other sites of conflict with non-Muslim powers. By illuminating some of the many diasporic and imperial circuits linking BiH with other parts of the world, this dissertation provides a richer historical and sociological context in which transnational activist movements no longer seem so aberrational. This study argues that the mobilization to join the “jihad” alongside Bosnian Muslims can be usefully understood as a universalist project: an attempt to incarnate a worldwide Muslim community (umma) theoretically open to all of humanity, in which activists struggle through the experience of racial, cultural, and doctrinal difference vis-à-vis Bosnian and other Muslims. This approach opens up two broad avenues of inquiry. First, it allows an analysis of how Muslims of different backgrounds interacted in contexts of fighting, intermarriage, and doctrinal disputation. Second, it helps analytically situate the jihad in relation to other forms of armed intervention also acting in the name of humanity, most importantly UN peacekeeping and the U.S.-led “Global War on Terror.” This study is based on approximately 12 months of fieldwork in BiH between 2006 and 2012, mostly in Sarajevo, Zenica, Tuzla, and Bugojno. Open-ended life-history interviews were conducted in Arabic and English with Arab residents of BiH and their Bosnian comrades, kin, and critics. Additional interviews took place in Yemen, France, and Egypt. The study also draws extensively on archival materials culled from various sources, including Bosnian army and intelligence documents gathered by the UN war crimes tribunal, U.S. State Department cables disclosed by Wikileaks, and extensive printed and online materials by participants in and supporters of the jihad written in Arabic, the language formerly known as Serbo-Croatian, and Urdu.
37
Saritoprak, Seyma Nur. "A Preliminary Analysis of the Process of Spiritual Jihad Among U.S. Muslims". Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1508079367671773.
Testo completo
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Long, Aaron T. "Syria's Other Jihad: Jabhat al-Nusra and the News Value of Terror". Ohio University Honors Tutorial College / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ouhonors1556580450493416.
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39
Bellion-Jourdan, Jérôme. "Prédication, secours, combat : l'action humanitaire des ONG islamiques entre da'wa et jihad". Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002IEPP0052.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
L'objectif premier de cette thèse est d'analyser l'activité d'ONG islamiques à dimension transnationale qui interviennent dans les situations dites de "crises humanitaires". Les enquêtes de terrain, entretiens et observations, réalisés dans différents pays (Bosnie-Herzégovine, Egypte, Pakistan, Soudan et Royaume-Uni principalement), et l'analyse de la presse ont permis de recueillir des informations sur près d'une vingtaine d'organisations. L'argument principal consiste à montrer une évolution dans le temps de la conception du secours : initialement, depuis la création des organisations au début des années 80, l'activité de secours était très peu différenciée des activités de da'wa (prédication) et de jihad (effort dans la voie de Dieu, y compris par le combat si nécessaire). Progressivement, la combinaison des contraintes extérieures et des stratégies d'organisation a conduit certaines organisations à opérer un "passage à l'humanitaire", au sens contemporain, leur permettant d'obtenir une certaine reconnaissance dans l'arène de l'action humanitaire internationale. Ces organisations se voient critiquées par d'autres qui considèrent l'action humanitaire comme un abandon de l'engagement militant et militaire au service de "causes islamiques". L'objectif ultime de cette thèse est de montrer que le "secours islamique" tient sa force à sa double capacité d'enraciner ses pratiques dans la tradition islamique du don et de promotion d'une forme alternative d'action humanitaire sur la scène internationale.
40
Alsumaih, Abdulrahman Muhammad. "The Sunni concept of Jihad in classical Fiqh and modern Islamic thought". Thesis, Newcastle upon Tyne : University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?did=1&uin=uk.bl.ethos.389570.
Testo completo
41
Fisher, Daniel. "Revolt in Egypt explaining the jihad in Egypt in the 1980s-1990s /". Connect to Electronic Thesis (CONTENTdm), 2009. http://worldcat.org/oclc/488643563/viewonline.
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42
Maihula, Jabir. "Ibn Taymiyya's concept of jihad and its appropriation by the contemporary jihadists". Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2018. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/50896/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Ahmad ibn Taymiyya (d.1328), is one of the most quoted medieval scholars by contemporary jihadists from the 1980s to the present time. Jihadists from ʿAbd Salām Faraj (d. 1981) to the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) cite Ibn Taymiyya frequently in justifying their doctrines. These doctrines include excommunicating contemporary Muslim rulers and their allies and calling for jihad against them, classifying the Muslim countries as a domain of war and obligating emigration from them, suicide attacks in the name of jihad, and others. This thesis studies the relationship between Ibn Taymiyya’s concept of jihad and how it is appropriated by the contemporary jihadists. The thesis is divided into two parts. Part one studies selected works of Ibn Taymiyya on jihad to outline his concept of jihad while part two studies selected works of the contemporary jihadists to outline how Ibn Taymiyya’s concept of jihad is appropriated by them. The thesis argues that while some contemporary jihadi doctrines could be justified from Ibn Taymiyya’s concept of jihad, most of the doctrines cannot be justified from Ibn Taymiyya if his works on jihad are approached holistically. The thesis identifies the jihadi doctrines that can be justified from Ibn Taymiyya and those that cannot be. The thesis also identifies some sources that the jihadists use besides Ibn Taymiyya in justifying their doctrines.
43
Boring, Daniel M. "The death and revival of Jihadi ideology". Thesis, Monterey, California: Naval Postgraduate School, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/45818.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Approved for public release; distribution is unlimitedSince its inception in 1988, al-Qaeda’s ideological narrative has been a major factor in its ability to mobilize resources, gain new recruits, and garner support from the broader Muslim community. In its nearly three decades of existence, the global jihadi group has experienced great structural change and periods of social upheaval. From the Global War on Terror that weakened the organization’s central leadership to the events of the Arab Spring that exposed the unpopularity of the group’s ideological beliefs, al-Qaeda has remained resilient. Today, al-Qaeda’s ideology is arguably its most important tool in its struggle against adversaries. This thesis analyzes al-Qaeda’s public statements from its birth in Afghanistan to the present and tracks the changes in the group’s framing practices. This thesis argues that al-Qaeda’s central leadership has remained relevant and ensured its own survival by exploiting new opportunities and adjusting its public messaging campaign to accommodate changing strategic environments. The analysis of al-Qaeda’s framing practices is important because the organization remains a major global security threat and its ideology and public messaging has contributed to the group’s survival.
44
Rane, Halim. "Reconstructing Jihad Amid Competing International Norms: Implications for a Resolution of the Israel-Palestine Conflict". Thesis, Griffith University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367945.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This thesis adopts a multi-disciplinary approach in its examination of the Israel-
Palestine conflict. Its subject matter essentially falls within the fields of
international relations and Islamic studies. There are three central research
questions of this thesis: From a constructivist perspective, what is the main
obstacle to a just peace in Israel-Palestine? What is the mechanism through
which the Israel-Palestine conflict can be resolved? What is required of the
Palestinians in order to facilitate this process? Utilising the constructivist
perspective of international relations along with the contextualist and objectiveoriented
(maqasid) approaches of Islamic Studies, the aim of this thesis is to
demonstrate why Palestinian nonviolence would be more conducive to their
liberation struggle than violent resistance, and how this is a legitimate and
authentic form of jihad consistent with the higher objectives of Islam.
Independent of strategic and material concerns, international norms and identity
factors are fundamental determinants of the interests and policies of even the
most powerful nations. In the context of the Israel-Palestine conflict, a just
resolution has been obstructed by the competition that exists between the norms
of self-determination (central to Palestinian claims) and self-defence (central to
Israeli concerns). With the norm of self-defence predominant in the ‘peace
process’, Palestinian use of violence has increasingly become detrimental to
their struggle for self-determination. However, the dominant interpretation and
application of jihad equates the concept with armed struggle. A just resolution of
the Israel-Palestine conflict requires a reformulation of jihad through a process
that broadens the concept to include non-violent resistance but retains Islamic
legitimacy and authenticity. This reformulation, based on context and objectives,
will make a critical contribution to generating the requisite international support
for the norm of self-determination for the Palestinians, without compromising the
norm of self-defence for the Israelis, in order to redirect the strategic and material
interests of influential states. This has the potential to shift their foreign policies
toward a just resolution of the conflict based on the normative framework
provided by the relevant resolutions of the United Nations Security Council.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Key Centre for Ethics, Law, Justice and Governance
Arts, Education and Law
Full Text
45
Ṣālaḥ, Muḥsin Muḥammad. "al-Tayyār al-Islāmī fī Filasṭīn wa-atharuhu fī ḥarakat al-jihād, 1917-1948". al-Kuwayt : Maktabat al-Falāḥ, 1988. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/20491361.html.
Testo completo
46
Sharif, Mohd Farid bin Mohd. "Concept of jihād and baghy in Islamic law : with special reference to Ibn Taymiyya". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/8231.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This thesis is about Ibn Taymiyya's thinking on jihād and baghy. It aims to make an important contribution to the study of early Islamic political thought. It considers how the terms jihād and baghy have developed and been expanded from the structure established by the Qur'an and hadith. It also examines the relationship between jihād and baghy in Islamic law and reveals the pivotal role of the imām in politics. The main focus of this study is Ibn Taymiyya's thinking on jihād and the fatwās that resulted from it, using hitherto overlooked printed materials. It also seeks to explain why Ibn Taymiyya upheld jihād against the Mongols, the Franks and the heretic Shī'a. The thesis is divided into four chapters and structured as follows. The first chapter deals with the life of Ibn Taymiyya. This chapter moves beyond conventional biography to relate the story of Ibn Taymiyya's life to the main events that occurred during the Mongols' incursion. The second chapter identifies what Meccan and Medinan Qur'anic texts say about jihād, and examines whether jihād is a mechanism of self defense or an act of aggression; it also explains the relationship between jihād and the establishment of dār al-Islām, dār al-ḥarb and dār al-'ahd. The third chapter considers Ibn Taymiyya's view on jihād. The fourth chapter analyses Ibn Taymiyya's view on baghy, and aims to arrive at a clearer picture of the relationship between Ibn Taymiyya's concepts of jihād and baghy.
47
Nor, Amir Husin Mohd. "The concept of Jihād according to Sayyid Quṭb in his Fī ẓilāl al-Qurʾān". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/22527.
Testo completo
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Ibrahim, Mahmoud Awad Attiya. "Ideological transformation of Egypt's largest militant groups". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/23632.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This thesis discusses the revisions of the Egyptian Islamic Group and al-Jihād Organisation with a special focus on the theology and ideology of the two movements. The main question is: how could these groups revise their thought using Islamic theological arguments though their previous pro-violence thought was also based on Islamic theological arguments. Textual analysis, coupled with the relevant aspects of framing literature, is the main tool used to discuss the ideology of the two groups and answer the research questions. Yet, the thesis also provided extended literature review of the topic as well as historical sociopolitical and economic accounts of the two organisations in order situate the texts in their proper contexts and link thought to action. The thesis provides detailed description and analysis of the two groups’ ideologies and concludes that one of them has genuinely revised its thought while the other has not. After explaining how this change has happened in theological textual as well as in framing terms, the thesis provides an analysis on why one group could change while the other could not. The thesis shows the level of change in any Jihadist movement thought corresponds with the level of concepts it transfers from the static to the flexible sides of the Sharia, and that the nature and original objectives of each group at the time of its establishment play a great role in any revision process when violence proves counterproductive to the original objectives of that group. The thesis also proves that it is not just the ideas or ideological arguments that matter but also the process through which these ideas and arguments are framed. In addition, the fact that only one of the two groups has genuinely changed while both have undergone the same structural sociopolitical and economic conditions in the same country shows the failure of structural sociopolitical and economic approaches in explaining the reasons of violence and revisions of Islamist movements in causal terms, and illustrates the ability of the textual approach to reveal facts and secrets that other approaches could not.
49
Sjödin, Louise. "Intellektuell jihad : En analys av Fazlur Rahmans och Taha Jabir al-Alwanis islamtolkningar". Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för genus, kultur och historia, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-9623.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Syftet med denna uppsats är att ur ett socialkonstruktivistiskt perspektiv göra en jämförande textanalys av Fazlur Rahmans och Taha Jabir al-Alwanis tolkningar av islam utifrån teman som bl.a. rör deras syn på tidigare tolkningsmetoder och hur de uppfattar muslimers situation idag. Rahman och al-Alwani har olika utbildningsbakgrund men har båda arbetat i U.S.A. De förespråkar förnuftstolkning för att nå vad de anser vara Koranens egentliga budskap och be-tonar en medvetenhet om att historisk och social kontext måste beaktas i tolkningsprocessen. Analysen visar att båda betonar individens ansvar, plikt och engagemang men att deras upp-fattning om enskilda muslimers åtagande skiljer sig något åt. Analysen visar också på att det har något olika uppfattning om de islamiska källorna liksom hur nytolkning får praktiseras. Orsaker till dessa skillnader analyseras i uppsatsen.
50
Ashour, Omar. "A world without Jihad? : the causes of de-radicalization of armed Islamist movements". Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=29750.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Several armed Islamist movements have shown remarkable behavioural and ideological transformations towards non-violence. The "de-radicalization" processes of these movements removed tens of thousands of former militants from the ranks of al-Qa'ida's supporter and acted as disincentives for would-be militants. These processes have taken place on a large scale in Egypt and Algeria, and on a smaller scale in Libya, Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Jordan, Tajikistan, Malaysia and Indonesia.This dissertation addresses crucial lacunae in the literature on Islamism, security and counterterrorism studies by asking the question 'why do radical Islamist militants revise their ideologies, strategies and objectives and initiate a de-radicalization process.' The dissertation also aims to answer the question of what are the necessary conditions under which this process can be successful. In the following chapters, I analyze how such factors as state policies, charismatic leadership and social interaction between the layers of an Islamist organization, as well as between the same organization and the "other," can all interact to shape the prospects for renunciation violence, both behaviourally and ideologically, by an Islamist movement. Empirically, I analyze the deradicalization processes of three cases in Egypt (the armed wings of the Muslim Brothers, the Islamic Group and al-Jihad Organization) and one case in Algeria (Islamic Salvation Army and affiliated militias). I also analyze two cases of deradicalization failure in Algeria, as a means to further explicate and examine my variables.
The arguments in the dissertation are based on qualitative comparative research. Archival interviews, supplemented by personal ones, with Islamist leaders, mid-ranking commanders, grassroots organization members, Islamist movements' specialists, former security and intelligence officers and state officials are analyzed to help identify the potential causes of de-radicalization from different perspectives. Content analysis is also used to examine original literature and statements produced by the Islamist groups under study and their leaders to both legitimize and, at a later stage, to de-legitimize violence.
In the conclusion, the dissertation provides a comprehensive theoretical framework that explains the causes of de-radicalization of armed Islamist movements. It also provides direction for future research agendas and addresses policy implications relevant to de-radicalization.
Plusieurs mouvements islamistes armes ont donne les signes d'importants changements sur le plan du comportement et de l'ideologie en faveur de la nonviolence. Les processus de de-radicalisation de ces mouvements ont conduit au retrait de dizaines de milliers d'anciens militants des rangs des supporteurs d' Al Qaida et ont eu un effet dissuasif sur ceux qui songeaient a se joindre a eux. Ces processus ont eu lieu a grande echelle en Egypte et en Algerie et a plus petite echelle en Libye, en Arabie Saoudite, au Yemen, en Jordanie, au Tadjikistan, en Malaisie et en Indonesie.
Cette these porte sur des lacunes importantes dans la litterature sur l'islamisme, les etudes de securite et le contreterrorisme. Elle cherche a savoir pourquoi les militants radicaux islamistes ont revise leurs ideologies, leurs strategies et leur objectifs et initie un processus de de-radicalisation. Cette these vise arepondre a ces questions afin de comprendre les conditions necessaires a la reussite d'un tel processus. Au cours des chapitres suivants, j'analyse comment des facteurs tels que les politiques etatiques, le leadership charismatique, et les interactions sociales entre les couches d'une organisation islamiste ainsi qu'entre la meme organisation et l' « Autre» peuvent tous interagir pour modifier les perspectives d'un mouvement islamiste de fayon aI'amener arenoncer ala violence, tant dans son comportement que dans son ideologie. De fayon empirique, j'analyse les processus de deradicalisation de trois cas en Egypte (l'aile armee des Freres musulmans, le Groupe islamique et l'Organisation du al-Jihad) et d'un cas en Algerie ( l'Armee islamique du salut et les milices affiliees). J'analyse egalement deux cas d'echec de la deradicalisation en Algerie afin d'examiner mes variables.
Les arguments de cette dissertation sont fondes sur une recherche qualitative comparee. Des entrevues archivees et des entrevues que j'ai moi-meme realisees avec des autorites islamistes, des sous-officiers ainsi qu' avec de jeunes sympathisants, des militants de souche, des specialistes des mouvements islamistes, des anciens officiers de la securite et du renseignement et des employes de l' etat sont analysees afin d'aider it identifier sous differents angles les causes potentielles de de-radicalisation. L'analyse de contenu est egalement utilisee pour examiner la litterature de base ainsi que les communiques produits par des groupes islamistes et leurs chefs pour legitimer et plus tard, pour delegitimer, la violence.
En conclusion, la these presente un cadre theorique qui explique les causes de la de-radicalisation des mouvements islamistes armes. Elle propose egalement des avenues de recherche et traite des implications concemant les politiques gouvemementales et autres relatives ala de-radicalisation.