Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Jean-baptiste-françois-xavier"

This article examines an eighteenth-century French Jesuit’s translation of the final chapter of the early Qing collection of vernacular stories Doupeng xianhua 豆棚閒話 (Idle Talks under the Bean Arbor), which became a “philosophical dialogue” of a “modern atheist Chinese philosopher.” The trajectory of the text is examined by analyzing the layers of meaning superposed upon it by a succession of agencies: the original author Aina Jushi 艾衲居士, a Jiangnan literatus who philosophized on the fall of the Ming dynasty; Father François-Xavier Dentrecolles, the Jesuit missionary who translated the text with extensive commentaries of his own to make a case against atheism; the Parisian editor Jean-Baptiste Du Halde who published the translation in the landmark of Jesuit sinology, Description de l’Empire de la Chine et de la Tartarie chinoise (1735); the engravers in Paris and the Hague who remolded its cosmological diagrams to conform to their own scientific and aesthetic standards; and finally, its European re-translators and readers, some of whom used it as a weapon against the Jesuits and the Catholic Church. The gains and losses of the Doupeng xianhua during this process are discussed, as well as the new light brought by the French translation on its circulation in Qing China. Finally, the challenge this atypical case poses to received narratives of the Sino-Western cultural exchange through the Jesuit mission is assessed. Cet article examine la traduction au XVIIIe siècle, par un jésuite français, du dernier chapitre du recueil de contes vernaculaires Doupeng xianhua 豆棚閒話 (Propos oisifs sous la tonnelle des haricots), qui devient un « dialogue philosophique » d’un « philosophe chinois athée moderne ». La trajectoire de ce texte est retracée en analysant les strates successives de sens superposées sur ce texte grâce à des acteurs divers : l’auteur de l’original Aina Jushi 艾衲居士, un lettré du Jiangnan qui a philosophé sur la chute de la dynastie des Ming ; le missionnaire jésuite François-Xavier Dentrecolles qui a traduit le texte avec une profusion de commentaires de son propre cru contre l’athéisme ; l’éditeur parisien Jean-Baptiste Du Halde qui a publié cette traduction dans la Description de l’Empire de la Chine et de la Tartarie chinoise (1735), un monument de la sinologie française ; les graveurs à Paris et à La Haye qui ont retravaillé les diagrammes cosmologiques conformément à leurs propres normes scientifiques et esthétiques ; et enfin, les re-traducteurs et lecteurs européens de ce texte, certains desquels l’ont utilisé contre les jésuites et l’Église catholique. La conclusion évoque les gains et les pertes du Doupeng xianhua au cours de ce processus et l’éclairage que peut apporter cette traduction française sur la diffusion de l’original dans la Chine des Qing. Elle envisage enfin le défi posé par ce cas atypique aux récits conventionnels sur la médiation des jésuites dans les échanges culturels entre la Chine et l’Europe.

Abstract Introduction: Clonal Hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) is a clonal expansion of mutations affecting genes involved in hematologic malignancies in patients without a hematological disease per se. It has emerged as a significant risk factor for cardiovascular events via skewing innate immune cells towards a pro-inflammatory state. Recently studies have shown its potential detrimental impact on overall survival in patients treated with chemotherapy. However, its impact on patients treated with immune checkpoint blockers in monotherapy remains unclear. Objective: Our aim is to evaluate CHIP prevalence in a prospective cohort of patients treated with ICB for advanced solid tumors and its impact on patient outcomes. Materials and methods: We performed a Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) panel of 74-genes dedicated to hematological alterations on DNA extracted from whole blood collected before first administration of an ICB for an advanced solid tumor, within the PREMIS trial (NCT03984318). CHIP prevalence was assessed according to a variant allele frequency (VAF) threshold ≥ 2%. Results: We included 127 pts in the analysis; 88 pts (69%) were male with a median age of 70 years [range 37-100]. Most common tumor locations were skin (29%), genitourinary (25%) and lung (19%). ICB setting was 1°L in 40% of patients; 2°L in 43%; > 3°L in 17%, and the most used ICB was Nivolumab in 39% of patients. At least 1 CHIP mutation was found in 55 pts (43%). The most frequent mutations were found in DNMT3A (40%), TET2 (18%) and PPM1D (13%). Co-mutations were found in 20% of patients. Median PFS was 7.7 months (m) for CHIPm patients compared to 5.7 m in non-CHIPm patients (p=2.2) and median OS was 16.2 m in CHIPm patients compared to 14.9 m in non-CHIPm patients (p= .5). No pts developed hematological disease during the follow up. Conclusion: CHIP is commonly found in pts with solid tumors, with a prevalence in our cohort of 43% with no statistical significance neither in PFS nor in OS in the CHIP-mutated population. Citation Format: Julieta Elena Rodriguez, François Xavier Danlos, Alicia Larive, Aurelien Marabelle, Yohann Loriot, Caroline Robert, Laurence Albiges, Maxime Frelaut, Mihaela Aldea, Benjamin Besse, Michel Ducreux, Caroline Even, Jean Baptiste Micol, Santiago Ponce, Christophe Marzac, Nathalie Chaput, Christophe Massard, Capucine Baldini. Clonal Hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) in patients with advanced solid tumors treated with immune checkpoint blockers (ICB) as monotherapy: Analysis of the PREMIS study [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 5068.

Abstract The kernel of Calvet’s intellectual world was formed by a small group of his Avignon neighbours who shared his scientific and aesthetic interests. Although no one else permanently based in the city during Calvet’s life time enjoyed such a prominent place in the Republic of Letters, there was a clutch of minor ‘erudits in his home town whose intellectual interests he had frequently fostered and with whom he regularly dined and conversed. Their number included the painter Jean-Baptiste Pe ‘ ru II, who sculpted Calvet’s bust, the numismatist and antiquarian Pe ‘re Anselme, dean of the church of Saint-Pierre, the printer Jean-Joseph Neil, and several titled aristocrats and their relatives. Among these, the chief were Louis de Berton des Balbes de Quien, Duc de Crillon, and his brother the Abbe ‘ Louis-Athanase, the Marquis de Conceyl, a naturalist, and three bibliophiles: Joseph-François-Xavier de Seytres, Mar- quis de Caumont, whose father had been the leading Avignon ‘erudit in Calvet’s youth; the Marquis de Pe ‘russis; and the Marquis de Cambis-Velleron, famous for his collection of manuscripts.