Tesi: "Japanese language"

1

Fukuda, Shinichiro. "From words to structure how syntax can affect the distribution and interpretation of verbs and their arguments, three case studies from Japanese /". Diss., [La Jolla] : University of California, San Diego, 2009. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3371731.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego, 2009.
Title from first page of PDF file (viewed September 15, 2009). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 246-260).

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2

Tomita, Akiko. "Pronouns and expressions of politeness in the teaching of Japanese as a foreign language in Australia /". Title page, contents and abstract only, 1999. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ARM/09armt657.pdf.

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3

Fiorentini, Gianmarco <1994&gt. "Japanese language loyalty in Hawaii". Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/15511.

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Hawaii has always been characterized by complex geo-political activities. Located between two major modern superpowers, Continental US and Japan, it is home of one of the world’s most influential community of citizens of Japanese descent. Language and culture preservation are pursued through physical and non-physical infrastructures and the degree of involvement that these activities produce stand way beyond that of a minority. They extend to the general population and, on a bigger scale, also influence the cultural and economic relationships with Japan. The purpose of this thesis is to understand if language loyalty towards Japanese in Hawaii can be considered a key factor in the development and sustainment of the islands’ successful educational, cultural and touristic model and its benefits. The importance of this proposal is shown by the fact that it could lead to a series of sociolinguistic challenges that could be useful to understand the relationship between minority status and benefits for society as a whole. For this research I propose a quantitative and qualitative analysis on the Japanese spoken in Hawaii through official data and with emphasis on case studies considered relevant for their language-based activities on the islands. I will then link these language loyalty efforts with what can be considered benefits in order to prove the positive effects that they are producing for the whole Aloha state.

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4

Uechi, Akihiko. "An interface approach to topic/focus structure". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0004/NQ34637.pdf.

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5

Butler, Hiroko Yamashita. "Processing of Japanese and Korean". Connect to resource, 1994. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1239710387.

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6

Iwashita, Noriko. "Comprehensible output in NNS-NNS interaction in Japanese as a foreign language". Connect to thesis, 1993. http://repository.unimelb.edu.au/10187/1523.

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This study is a partial replication of Pica et al’s study (1989) of comprehensible output, and investigates comprehensible output in NNS-NNS interaction in Japanese as a Foreign Language. Data were collected using two different types of tasks (information gap and jigsaw tasks) in three sub-groups of different proficiency levels (High-High, Low-Low, and High-Low) in order to find out (1) to what extent the tasks provide opportunities for learners to modify their initial output in response to requests for clarification and confirmation, and (2) the extent to which learners actually modify their output in response to interlocutor requests.
The results show that comprehensible output is an important phenomenon in NNS-NNS interaction. Unlike the result of Pica et al, task types had more effect on opportunities for comprehensible output and actual production of comprehensible output than request types. Not much difference was found among different proficiency groups.

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7

Kato, Kumiko. "Japanese gapping in minimalist syntax /". Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8434.

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8

Kato, Nobuko. "A Critique of Natural Discourse in Intermediate Level Textbooks for Learners of Japanese as a Second or Other Language". Thesis, University of Canterbury. School of Languages, Cultures, and Linguistics, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/3080.

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The number of learners of Japanese as a second or other language has increased rapidly worldwide over the past several decades. The objectives of their study have largely changed from pursuing purely academic research interests to acquiring the communicative skills needed for business or leisure purposes. There are five language competency skills needed to master foreign languages: reading, writing, listening, speaking and intercultural competence. Students, particularly those studying outside Japan, depend more on textbooks for learning how to speak than their peers in Japan; and speaking is studied formally through analysis of model discourses in selected textbooks. In particular, if the learner’s first language is very different from Japanese, which in fact almost all other languages are, the complexity of the spoken language, including gender difference and respect forms, presents most learners with certain challenges that require adequate explanation to be comprehended. Likewise, the larger the cultural gap between learner and target language, the greater are the challenges for acquiring intercultural competence, which is closely interrelated with the production of ‘natural speech’. It is, therefore, crucial for learners from other cultures who have little opportunity to speak in Japanese to learn from a textbook of good quality which provides appropriate explanation of the social and cultural context of the model dialogues they employ as exemplars. The present study aims to analyse and evaluate the appropriateness of model dialogues contained in intermediate level textbooks for learners of Japanese as a second or other language. The findings suggest that none of the selected textbooks included satisfactory explanation about the model discourses, so there seems to be much room for improvement in this regard. It is anticipated that the results of this study will contribute to the design concept of foreign language textbooks in future.

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9

Nariyama, Shigeko. "Referent identification for ellipted arguments in Japanese". Connent to thesis, 2000. http://repository.unimelb.edu.au/10187/2870.

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Nominal arguments, such as the subject and the object are not grammatically required to be overt in Japanese, and are frequently unexpressed, approximately 50% of the time in written narrative texts. Despite this in high frequency of ellipsis, Japanese is not equipped with such familiar devices as the cross-referencing systems and verbal inflections commonly found in pro-drop languages for referent identification. Yet the mechanisms governing argument ellipsis have been little explicated. This thesis elucidates the linguistic mechanisms with which to identify the referents of ellipted arguments.
These mechanisms stem from three tiers of linguistic system. Each sentence is structured in such a way as to anchor the subject., (using Sentence devices following the principle of direct alignment), with argument inferring cues on the verbal predicate (using Predicate devices). These subject oriented sentences are cohesively sequenced with the topic as a pivot (using Discourse devices). These subject oriented sentences are cohesively sequenced with the topic as a pivot (using Discourse devices). It is this topicalised subject which is most prone to ellipsis. I develop an algorithm summing up these mechanisms, using naturally occurring texts. I demonstrate how it can detect the existence of ellipsis in sentences and track the referential identity of it.
A generalisation for ellipsis resolution and the way in which the algorithm is constituted is as follows. Sentence devices formulate sentences to make the subject most prone to ellipsis, discourse devices enable the interaction of wa (the topic maker) and ga (the nominative marker), which mark the majority of subjects, to provide the default reading for referent identification of ellipsis, and predicate devices furnish additional cues to verify that reading. Since Japanese is an SOV language, it is intuitively tenable from the perspective of language processing that the interplay of wa/ga representing subjects gives initial cues from predicate devices. This multiple layering of mechanisms, therefore, can determine referents for ellipted arguments more accurately.

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10

Tronnier, Mechtild. "Nasals and nasalisation in speech production with special emphasis on methodology and Osaka Japanese /". Lund : Lund University Press, 1998. http://books.google.com/books?id=nxZZAAAAMAAJ.

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11

Klafehn, Terry. "Emergent properties of Japanese verbal inflection". Thesis, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2003. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?index=0&did=764748141&SrchMode=2&sid=5&Fmt=2&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1233177022&clientId=23440.

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12

Makihara, Hideo. "On the past tense in Japanese relative clauses /". Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8380.

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13

Hara, Yurie. "Grammar of knowledge representation Japanese discourse items at interfaces/". Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file 0.81 Mb., 200 p, 2006. http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/fullcit/3205429.

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14

Nakamura, Michiko. "Processing of multiple filler-gap dependencies in Japanese". Thesis, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2003. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?index=0&did=764748181&SrchMode=1&sid=1&Fmt=2&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1233163310&clientId=23440.

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15

Matsumoto-Sturt, Yoko. "Second language acquisition of Japanese orthography". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/24918.

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The aim of this thesis is to address issues on second language (L2) acquisition of Japanese orthography. In particular, I investigate L2 acquisition of reading and writing in Japanese with special attention paid to how linguistic and perceptual difficulties influence lexical processes involved in reading and writing by English-speaking learners of Japanese. I first establish that L2 spelling problems are found in writing by keyboard. Evidence is presented from error patterns of L2 language used in a small self-constructed L2 error corpus that was gathered according to originally set external criteria. Next, I demonstrate that there are predictable error causes as well as general linguistic and perceptual problems among L2 writers. Real-time observational data illustrates how and when L2 writers make spelling mistakes with the keyboard, and an analysis of verbal protocol data reveals L2 writing strategies. Third, I turn to the domain of L2 perception and L1-specific listening strategies. I show the different patterns of learners’ perceived rhythmic units in terms of L2 Moraic Awareness of Japanese words, and determine the extent of the use of L1-specific listening strategies. Fourth, I provide a general picture of Interlanguage (IL) lexical representations in reading and spelling. Evidence from novel and existing experimental work is presented which shows that L2 writer’s linguistic problems are reflected in their written products. I present an account of a typical learner strategy of sub-lexical reading and writing. Finally, in the domain of visual kanji recognition, visual attention is addressed. An originally defined phenomenon of ‘kanji illusion’ leads to the interesting result that linguistic factors are not solely responsible for failures to notice kanji errors. This represents a new kind of explanation for L2 kanji reading difficulties, from a psycholinguistic perspective.

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16

Itani-Adams, Yuki. "One child, two languages : bilingual first language acquisition in Japanese and English". Thesis, View thesis, 2007. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/28484.

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This is the first Japanese-English Bilingual First Language Acquisition (BFLA) longitudinal study carried out within the framework of Processability Theory (PT) (Pienemann, 1998a). The informant of this study is Hannah, who was raised in Australia in a one-parent one-language environment from birth. Hannah’s speech production in each language was collected in a language-specific setting with different interlocutors (i.e., Japanese with the Japanese-speaking mother and English with the English-speaking father), from the time she was 1; 11 (one year and eleven months) until she was 4;10. This study investigates Hannah’s lexical development, the acquisition of morphology and syntax in the two languages. Unlike previous studies in bilingual children’s lexicon (Deuchar and Quay, 2000), this study focuses on the composition of the lexicon in each language to test for language-specific developmental patterns (Gentner and Boroditsky, 2001).The study also compares the development of these two languages in terms of MLU, lexical, morphological and syntactic development. Furthermore, the study examines the relationships between lexical and grammatical development within each of the two languages and tests the Critical Mass Hypothesis (Marchman and Bates, 1994) in a bilingual context. One of the central issues in the field of BFLA, identified by scholars such as DeHouwer (2005) and Meisel (1990a), is to characterise the relationship between the two developing languages of one child. Does a bilingual child initially develop the two languages as one linguistic system that later separates into two as expounded by Volterra and Taeschner (1978), or does a bilingual child develop the two languages separately from the beginning, as represented by De Houwer’s (1990) Separate Development Hypothesis (SDH)? Previous BFLA studies addressing this issue (e.g., De Houwer, 1990; Meisel, 1990a; Mishina, 1997; Paradis and Genesee, 1996) did not have a common point of reference to compare the development of two different languages directly. In the present study, PT provides a common point of reference for a direct comparison of the development of two typologically distant languages. Results indicate that both Japanese and English of the child developed in the sequence predicted by PT. They also support the SDH for lexical development, the acquisition of morphology and word order. The study confirms the Critical Mass Hypothesis in bilingual context. The results from the present study suggest that, for one bilingual child, Japanese and English each developed in parallel but in a separate manner.

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17

Furuhata, Takashi. "Exploring the relationship between English speaking subjects' verbal working memory and foreign word pronunciation and script recognition /". Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7741.

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18

Itani-Adams, Yuki. "One child, two languages bilingual first language acquisition in Japanese and English /". View thesis, 2007. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/28484.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Western Sydney, 2007.
A thesis presented to the University of Western Sydney, College of Arts, School of Humanities and Languages, in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Includes bibliographies.

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19

Ross, Martin John Elroy. "Japanese lexical phonology and morphology". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/25516.

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Over the years, phonologists working in the generative framework have encountered a number of persistent problems in their descriptions of Japanese phonology. Several of these problems concern phonological rules that sometimes do and sometimes do not apply in seemingly identical phonological environments. Many of the proposed analyses achieve observational adequacy, but, nonetheless, are intuitively dissatisfying. The first of two such problems involves the desiderative suffix -ta and the homophonous perfective inflection -ta, both of which attach to verb roots. When the verb root is vowel-final, the derivations are straightforward. (1) (a) tabe + ta + i → tabe-ta-i 'want to eat' mi + ta + i → mi-ta-i 'want to see' (b) tabe + ta → tabe-ta 'ate' mi + ta → mi-ta 'see (past)' Derivations are not so straightforward when the verb root is consonant-final. In such cases an intervening i is inserted between the root and the desiderative suffix, but not between the root and the perfective inflection. (2) (a) tat + ta + i → tat-i-ta-i 'want to stand' kat + ta + i → kat-i-ta-i 'want to win' (b) tat + ta → tat-ta 'stood' kat + ta → kat-ta 'won' McCawley (1968) is not specific in how he accounts for this differential it appears that he favours the adoption of a morphological rule such as (3) (from Koo, 1974). (3) ∅ → i / C]v__+tai Koo (1974) has attempted to reanalyze the desiderative suffix as -ita, but, since there is no evidence of W cluster simplification in the language, he is left with the even more difficult problem of deleting the initial i of the suffix following vowel-final verb roots. (4) tabe + ita + i → tabe-ta-i 'want to eat' mi + ita + i → mi-ta-i 'want to see' Maeda (1979) has chosen a boundary solution, positing that t-initial inflections are joined to verb roots by morpheme boundaries (+), while other suffixes such as the desiderative suffix are joined by a stronger boundary (:). By making the i insertion rule sensitive to boundaries of level :, the correct outputs can be derived. This solution, though, is unsatisfactory since the assignment of boundaries is not independently motivated. A second difficulty encountered by McCawley (1968) and others involves a high vowel syncopation rule that deletes the final i or u of Sino-Japanese monomorphemes when the initial consonant of a following Sino-Japanese monomorpheme is voiceless. (5) iti + too → it-too 'first class' roku + ka → rok-ka 'sixth lesson' However, a morpheme- or word-final high vowel at the boundary between a Sino-Japanese compound and a Sino-Japanese monomorpheme does not delete under those conditions insertion of i in these phonological identical environments, but (6) zi-ryoku 'magnetism' (X-Y) zi-ryoku + kei → zi-ryoku-kei 'magnetometer' (X-Y-Z) hai-tatu 'delivery' (Y-Z) betu + hai-tatu → betu-hai-tatu 'special delivery' (X-Y-Z) McCawley accounts for this pattern by invoking internal boundaries of different strengths: + and #. (7) iti + too roku + ka zi + ryoku # kei betu # hai + tatu He claims, then, that high vowel syncopation is sensitive to boundaries of strength + and is, therefore, blocked from applying to the u of zi + ryoku # kei. His analysis is correct, but his assignment of boundary strengths is rather arbitrary. Analyses such as the two above which appeal to boundary strength hierarchies have often been intuitively dissatisfying because of a lack of independent motivation. The relatively recent theory of lexical morphology and phonology as formulated by Kiparsky (1982) is ideally suited for this type of problem. One of the theory's most compelling attributes is that phonological processes may be put into a much broader context that includes morphological processes as well. This more integrated approach is often able to fit formerly isolated facts into a network of related facts to provide compelling independent motivation for diverse processes. The purpose of this thesis, then, is to fit i insertion, high vowel syncopation, and other Japanese phonological processes into the lexical phonology network to see exactly how they are related to each other and to the morphological phenomena of the language.
Arts, Faculty of
Linguistics, Department of
Graduate

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20

Hanrahan, Jo. "Verbs of love and dependence in the Japanese language". Thesis, Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/133882.

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This thesis examines a group of Japanese words which express emotion, at the heart of which is the concept of amae , the desire for love and attention from another person. The emotions expressed by the words discussed herein are common to all human beings and form the core of all cultures. It seems that human feelings of fondness vary, depending on the depth of the relationship existing between the people concerned. It is in the expression of these emotions that peoples differ. It is suggested that the differences are not in the way people feel, but in the way their culture conditions them to behave in communicating their feelings.

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21

Ono, Mieko. "From sentence to discourse : integrated explanations for certain linguistic phenomena in Japanese". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/31077.

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This thesis examines those aspects of language in which syntax and extra-syntactic factors interface. There are three major approaches to discourse study (interpretation of a sentence in discourse): i) Discourse Study without Syntax: Any linguistic phenomena can be explained through discourse; syntax is dissolved into discourse study. ii) Discourse Study Interacting with Syntax: Syntactic rules and discourse functions interact or intermingle with each other. iii) Modular Approach to Discourse Study: Syntax is autonomous, but can feed information into other extra-syntactic components to obtain the final interpretation of a sentence in context. Approach (iii) is adopted here, where a "Government and Binding" (Chomsky (1981)) type of generative grammar is assumed as the syntactic framework. Four linguistic phenomena in Japanese are chosen for case studies of the mode of interaction between syntax, semantics, and pragmatics. Chapter 2 examines the Japanese reflexive zibun. The co-reference problem is solved through syntactic rules for the anaphoric use and discourse rules for the referential use. Chapter 3 examines demonstratives. Since they are originally used as deixis, the problem is mainly discussed in semantic and discourse arenas. The comparison between pronoun and demonstrative is also discussed. Both Chapter 2 and Chapter 3 deal with the problem of coreference, which is one disambiguation mechanism in the comprehension of discourse. Chapter 4 examines quantifier interpretation. This problem involves another type of disambiguation mechanism. The scope interpretation being represented in LF, why a certain reading is obtained in the actual discourse environment is explained from the viewpoint of the human attention system (conscious and unconscious). Chapter 5 examines the particle wa, which is most commonly considered a topic marker or an old information marker. Wa marks a certain semantic structure in syntactic representation and such a wa-sentence has an important function in discourse organization. The nature of the contrastiveness associated with a wa sentence is explained in this light. In this modular type of approach, the phenomena which were formerly explained by fairly complex sets of rules have become more transparent, and some seemingly conflicting analyses done in the past are now considered as analyses of different aspects of a single phenomenon.
Arts, Faculty of
Asian Studies, Department of
Graduate

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22

Lance, Yoko. "Unique variety of Japanese language developed through language contact on the Gold Coast, Australia in first-generation Japanese communities". Thesis, Griffith University, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/416045.

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To investigate how minority groups such as the Japanese speaking communities on the Gold Coast in Australia have developed a variety of the Japanese language, a survey was conducted with 31 first-generation Japanese immigrants. Among the unique 216 words collected, 26 new words, 45 catachrestic loanwords that bring new concepts of ideas or things into the Japanese language, 101 non-catachrestic loanwords co-existing with semiotically-matching other Japanese words, nine words with phonological modifications and 35 interjections were recorded. As a result, the most used unique words were non-catachrestic loanwords. Most words were related to their everyday lives; however, some were related to politics or of a more conceptual nature, unlike similar research conducted in Brazil before WWII. Nouns were the most popular unique words collected in terms of word classes. The names of things, shops, facilities, and occupations are often used in loanwords, as it is easier to use the same names in Japanese and English conversations. All the loanword verbs collected were formed with the suffix ‘-suru (to do)’. Some loanword adjectives were formed with the suffix ‘-na’. No ‘Taigen + -ru’ verbs or ‘loanwords + -i’ adjectives were confirmed. Among 26 new words used/developed on the Gold Coast, most were shortened nicknames of places and shops, such as ‘Hanja (Hungry Jacks)’, ‘Debijo (David Jones)’, ‘Raria (Australia)’, ‘Ōsu (Australia)’, ‘Wāsu (Woolworths)’, ‘Sushitore (Sushitrain)’, ‘Pashi (Pacific Fair)’, ‘Robitan (Robina Town Centre) and ‘Imigure (former Department of Immigration and Border Protection)’. Most of the words were clippings and compound clippings such as ‘Buri (Brisbane)’ and ‘Burobi (buro+bi, Broadbeach)’, and one loanblend ‘Japasen (for people who only date Japanese)’, one calque ‘Kokumin (National Australia Bank)’, one native creation ‘Donishī (Sydney)’, and two words ‘Ūru’ and ‘Ōru’ (both from the airport code ‘OOL’) from the Japanese tourism industry register were collected. For catachrestic loanwords, most of them were direct loans; however, some loanshifts such as ‘pikkingu (picking, meaning fruit picking)’ and ‘raundo (around, travelling around in Australia)’ were observed. For non-catachrestic loanwords, some names of places and occupations and things in their everyday lives were often used. Some words were used because they have slightly different impressions from the standard Japanese words, such as ‘yaoya’ and ‘vege shop’. For both catachrestic and non-catachrestic loanwords, some influence in shortenings from the local English slang/dialect was found as well, such as ‘Burijī (Brissie: Brisbane)’, ‘Ūrī (Woolies: Woolworths)’, ‘Bābī (Barbeque)’ and ‘mojī (mozzie: mosquito)’. Some phonological modifications influenced by English were found, such as ‘aikea’ instead of ‘ikea’ for the name of the interior shop IKEA, and ‘garāji’ instead of ‘garēji’ for garage. Some uncommon loanwords in Japan, such as ‘petorōru’, ‘petorō’, ‘petoro’, ‘petororu’, and 'petoraru’ for petrol, showed various phonological adaptations. Many loanwords for interjections were recorded, such as ‘oh my god’, ‘oh dear’, ‘oops’ and ‘awesome’. They often show code-switching behaviour for interjections with English accenting and pronunciation done unconsciously. More intentional code-switching behaviour is also observed to soften the situation, make it humorous, or dodge a straight answer. This code-switching is natural and easier to use for smooth communication in their life with two languages. Most participants had a positive attitude towards integrating English into their Japanese language. They think it is unavoidable living in an English-dominated society, and many of them speak English more often than Japanese. Although some words can only be expressed in English, this research found that people on the Gold Coast tend to integrate English into their Japanese conversations mainly for their convenience. It is not from the loss of their Japanese proficiency as their language skills are constantly updated through frequent return trips to Japan and access to online content in Japanese. It is considered embarrassing to mix languages too often in Japan, but it is very hard to avoid it in their life on the Gold Coast. However, they still try to avoid it in a formal or semiformal situation and outside their community. This research contributes new data to the field of Japanese language variation through language contact. There is no previous research conducted in this field, especially on Japanese people in Australia. It is significant to research and record the living language at the present time on the Gold Coast, Australia.
Thesis (Professional Doctorate)
Doctor of Visual Arts (DVA)
School of Hum, Lang & Soc Sc
Arts, Education and Law
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23

Fukuhara, Midori. "Cohesion and participant tracking in Japanese an interpretation based on five registers /". Phd thesis, Australia : Macquarie University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.14/82502.

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"May 2002"
Thesis (PhD)--Macquarie University, School of English, Linguistics and Media, Department of Linguistics, 2003.
Bibliography: p. 399-419.
Introduction -- Brief overview of above-clause analysis in Japanese -- Methodology and conventions of analysis -- Marco Polo text -- Bean Scattering Day text -- University lecture text -- Family conversation text -- Generalisation and a university tutorial text -- Conclusion.
This thesis is concerned with the construction of texture in Japanese, in particular with resources related to the general area of cohesion and particular aspects of participant tracking. An investigation is here presented as to the degree to which conventional views adequately represent Japanese in the light of authentic data. Such statements as "WA marks Given information", "GA marks New information", "zero is a pronoun in Japanese" are common throughout the literature characterising Japanese texts, but there is reason to believe that they stem, at least in part, from a naive transfer of English grammars, in particular, those with a narrow focus on the sentence. This thesis proposes a new framework for the description of Japanese; and in this proposal, an essential dimension is a detailed account of relevant contextual factors, both linguistic and nonlinguistic. The aim is to offer a description of Japanese more defensible to Japanese speakers, that is, to represent Japanese "in its own terms". -- Chapter 1 sets out problems and issues in the related literature on Japanese cohesion. It also addresses issues that are seen to be most pressing in relation to the description of Japanese. The chapter gives a brief account of the resources for cohesion and referential tracking and the particular deployment in Japanese, so that it offers a provisional account of the meaning potential for Japanese speakers. -- Chapter 2 reviews several standard treatments of cohesion and participant tracking in Japanese. This review is organised around two different kinds of resources, that is, those pre-predicate elements (such as WA, GA and other particles), and those post-predicate elements (such as conjunctive particles and certain sentence final expressions). -- Chapter 3 explains the method undertaken here and the conventions of analysis employed in subsequent desclipiions of texts from five separate contexts. Methods are set so as not only to view choices synoptically, but also to try to give careful description of choices in the logogenetic reality of text. That means the choices are viewed as being available to the speaker, writer or reader, as they unfold in text time. -- In each of Chapters 4,5,6 and 7, one of the following four texts, a (1) Marco Polo Text, (2) Bean Scattering Day Text, (3) University Lecture Text and (4) Family Conversation Text, is analysed and discussed in detail. The texts are chosen for the detailed examination of four different registers, representing a continuum from most written-like to most spoken-like, as well as continua of other kinds (like hierarchically differentiated social distance and formality differentiated). Each chapter has two major components, the first of which looks at subject realisations from the perspective of referential progression, and the second of which looks at the text from the perspective of subjectJreferent sequencing. Furthermore, these issues concerning subject are mapped against the macro structures individually for the three "writerly" texts (Texts (1) - (3)). -- In Chapter 8, generalisations are proposed, based on the results of the investigations of these four texts; and then, those principles, as they have emerged from the preceding arguments, are tested on a further study: (5) the University Tutorial Text, a text which combines characteristics across the continuum from most written to most spoken. (It is both strongly dialogic as well as involving sustained spoken 'turns'.) In Chapter 9, findings of the analytical chapters are further distilled. The outline for a new, although provisional, model of cohesion in Japanese is set out. These findings suggest future directions for research projects as well.
Mode of access: World Wide Web.
xix, 591 p

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24

Motohashi, Tatsushi. "Case theory and the history of the Japanese language". Diss., The University of Arizona, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184844.

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This thesis investigates the consequences of historical changes of Japanese case particles, 'accusative' o and 'dative' ni. The change of o is characterized as becoming a structural Case-marker from the inherent Case-marker. The consequences of this change are manifested in; (a) the ni filling the gap of linking to the FROM-function vacated by the particle o, becoming the structural accusative Case-marker; (b) the development of the o causative construction; (c) the inability of topicalizing the o-marked object; (d) the disappearance of the sequence of NP-o-to in the coordinate structure; (e) the development of the double o constraint. The constancy of ni throughout the history of the Japanese language is characterized by its lexical content; the Locative ni has not changed. The development of the ni causative is, then, attributed to the development of the nominative marking triggered by the accusative marking, that is, from the ergative case to the nominative case. This ergative hypothesis of Old Japanese is supported by the distribution of the o-marked and non-overtly marked objects which is determined by the transitivity features proposed by Hopper and Thompson (1980).

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25

Nozaki, Saori. "Acquisition of the Japanese Errand Construction in Japanese as a Foreign Language". The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1253040408.

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26

Fukuhara, Midori. "Cohesion and participant tracking in Japanese : an interpretation based on five registers /". Online version, 2002. http://bibpurl.oclc.org/web/33300.

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27

Yamada, Masaru. "A study of the Japanese reflexive pronouns zibun and zibun-zisin". Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 1999. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=400.

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Abstract (sommario):

Thesis (M.A.)--West Virginia University, 1999.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains v, 54 p. : ill. Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 51-53).

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28

Tomoda, Shizuko. "Cost and benefit in language use: A case study of sentence particles in Japanese". Diss., The University of Arizona, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/185164.

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This thesis purports to introduce a cost and benefit theory of politeness which sheds light upon the politeness system in Japanese. This involves the assumption that a communicative act is a rational act, executed for a communicative goal. Given so, politeness-bearing language use is strategic in nature. This implies that using a certain strategy appropriate in a given communicative situation is a consequence of rationalization. With effective utilization of the cost and benefit concept, broadly defined, linguistic politeness is viewed as a negotiation between the speaker and the hearer on the basis of the speaker's assessment of cost and/or benefit. In order to achieve a characterization of negotiation, the underlying principle, referred to as "Politeness Negotiation Principles," is proposed. The primary task in this thesis is to analyze the use of sentence particles within a framework of the cost and benefit theory. While the majority of studies of politeness phenomena in Japanese have centered around honorifics, which is widely known for its highly developed system, sentence particles have received little attention. In this regard, this study of sentence particles shows a much broader vista of politeness phenomena in Japanese than hitherto assumed. The application of the cost and benefit concept goes beyond the sphere of politeness phenomena. By identifying a cost and/or a benefit involved in a context where the modality item desyoo/daroo and the anaphoric demonstratives sono and ano are employed, the uses of these elements, which reveal interesting dynamics of interaction between the speaker and the hearer, can be explained.

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29

Ishihara, Masahide. "The Lexical Prosodic Phonology of Japanese verbs". Diss., The University of Arizona, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/185488.

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Abstract (sommario):

In this dissertation, I propose a model of the Lexicon in order to have a satisfactory account of interactions between morphology and phonology. The model is a modification of Lexical Prosodic Phonology introduced in Inkelas (1989). The main point of this study is that there are three types of morphological operations defined by the number of prosodic domains constructed corresponding to one morphological domain. (1) Three types of morphological operations: (a) One that constructs two new prosodic domains; (b) One that constructs one new prosodic domain; and (c) One that does not construct any new prosodic domain. The first two types are cyclic, while the third one is noncyclic. The three types of morphology are referred to as compounding, cyclic affixation, and noncyclic affixation, respectively. Interaction between morphology and phonology in Japanese verbs provides arguments for the three-way distinction of morphology. Some rules apply only in compounding; some other rules take effect only in cyclic affixation; some rules take effect in all three morphological processes. Nonapplication of rules is due to either their structural description or their nonstructural property. In the former case, the structural description of a cyclic rule is not satisfied because of prosodic representation. In the latter case, a cyclic rule does not apply, even if the structural description is satisfied, because the domain is noncyclic.

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30

Kayama, Yuhko. "Second language acquisition of Japanese relative clauses". Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=100636.

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This thesis investigates the second language acquisition of Japanese relative clauses (RCs) by native speakers of English or Korean. Researchers have argued that Universal Grammar (UG) can be accessed in adult second language (L2) acquisition. The Full Transfer Full Access (FTFA) Hypothesis (Schwartz and Sprouse 1994, 1996) claims that after initial transfer from L1, learners reset their parameter values and are able to acquire L2 properties that are different from their L1. Japanese and English relativization: while Japanese relativization does not involve movement in the syntax (Kuno 1973, Saito 1985, etc.), English relativization involves obligatory operator movement and is subject to movement constraints like Subjacency. Because of Subjacency, certain RC structures are prohibited in English. In Japanese, on the other hand, a zero pronominal, pro, is base-generated in the gap position of an RC and coindexed with the relative head noun, and thus long distance relativization is possible. I argue that the presence or absence of pro is also a parametric difference between Japanese and English; pro is present in Japanese, but not in English. In order for English speakers to acquire Japanese RCs, they need to reset the values of these two parameters.
Experimental studies were conducted with high-intermediate and advanced learners of Japanese (15 English speakers and 18 Korean speakers). Tests examined the learners' knowledge of the two grammatical properties in Japanese---namely, the lack of wh-movement and the presence of pro. Korean is different from English but similar to Japanese with respect to the parameters in question. Following FTFA, it is hypothesized that English-speaking learners initially transfer their L1 values, and that eventually they are able to switch parameters to the L2 values by accessing UG. The results of several tasks (including interpretation tasks and judgment tasks) confirm this hypothesis; while Korean speakers generally performed well irrespective of proficiency levels, English-speaking intermediate learners transferred their L1 values, failing to accept grammatical Japanese sentences that are not possible in English. English-speaking advanced learners, on the other hand, performed better than intermediate learners, and exhibited evidence that they had acquired the two properties of Japanese, supporting FTFA.

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31

HIRATA, KAYOKO. "TEMPORAL PROPERTIES IN JAPANESE (TENSE, CONDITIONALS)". Diss., The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184065.

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This dissertation is concerned with the relationship between morphological tense forms of Japanese, such as (r)u ("non-past") and ta ("past"), and their temporal interpretation. The goal of the research reported here is to establish a simple overall theory. The analysis focuses on the following sentence types: simple sentences, complex sentences (without conditional sentences), conditional complex sentences and sentences with an embedded clause. We will show here a few examples of problems as to temporal interpretations. In simple sentences, there are cases such as (1), which deviate from the norm of "normal" interpretation. Sentence (1) (with the “past” form of ta) can be uttered felicitously even in a situation where the bus in question has not yet arrived. (1)Busu ga ki-ta! Bus nom come-ta ‘The bus is coming.’ Or ‘The bus has come.’ In complex sentences, the antecedent clause in sentences with toki 'when', can take either (r)u or ta forms in sentence (2), while it cannot take the ta form in sentence 93), although the antecedent clauses in both sentences are interpreted as non-past. (2) Kondo a-u/at-ta toki, hanashi-ma-su. Next-time see-(r)u/see-ta toki talk-polite-(r)u ‘Next time when (I) see (you), (I) will tell (it to you).’ (3)Yuushoku o su-ru/*shi-ta toki, biiru o nom-u. supper acc do-(r)u/do-ta toki beer acc drink-(r)u ‘When (I) take supper, (I) will drink beer.’ In regard to conditional complex sentences, there can be a problem interpreting ta, as in hypothetical sentence (4) below. The ta of the consequent clause in example (4) cannot be evaluated (interpreted) as being the same as the ta in example (5) where we have an indicative sentence. (4) Taroo wa benkyoo shi-ta ra, shaken ni pasu shi-ta (no ni). Taro top study do-ta ra exam in pass do-ta (SFP-‘wishing’) ‘Had Taro studied, he should/would have passed the exam.’ (5) Taroo wa shiken ni pasu shi-ta. ‘Taro passed the exam.’ In this account the morphemes (r)u and ta will be associated with a single interpretation. Therefore, the difference between (2) and (3) will be attributed to two distinct modes of composition. In order to solve the problem of simple sentences wuch as (1) (which deviate from the norm of "normal interpretations"), a pragmatic (contextual) approach will be introduced. In regard to conditional sentences, interpretations will be classified on the basis of truth relations and temporal interpretations of antecedent and consequent. In order to treat the range of observed truth relations, a model of time and worlds will be introduced. In summary, in order to solve the problematic phenomena of relationships between the tense forms and their interpretations, the following approaches will be taken: (i) Use of a time model; (ii) Analysis of lexical properties; (iii) Sentence composition; (iv) Contextual analysis for pragmatic aspects.

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32

Carroll, Tessa C. "Language planning and language change in Japan 1985-1995". Thesis, University of Stirling, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.321990.

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33

Sato, Kyoko. "Does instruction help learners become proficient in L2 writing? : the case of the Japanese particles wa, ga, and the passive /". view abstract or download file of text, 2005. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p3181128.

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Abstract (sommario):

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2005.
Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 257-267). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.

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34

Hlady, Deborah Sherry. "Language learning experiences of Japanese ESL students". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ58534.pdf.

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35

Umeda, Mari. "Second language acquisition of Japanese wh-constructions". Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=112128.

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Note:
This dissertation investigates the second language (L2) acquisition of Japanese wh-constructions by Chinese- and English-speaking learners. The focus of this study is twofold; first, it examines whether parameter resetting is possible in L2 acquisition, as both Chinese and English wh-constructions are parametrically different from Japanese wh-constructions. Second, it examines whether parameter resetting is affected by the learners' first language (Ll). Not only do Chinese and English wh-constructions differ from Japanese wh-constructions, but they also differ from each other. Chinese is, like Japanese, a wh-in-situ language, while English is a wh-movement language. Chinese wh-constructions, therefore, can be said to be more similar to Japanese wh-constructions than English wh-constructions. It is investigated whether the similarity between Chinese and Japanese and dissimilarity between English and Japanese affect the course and/or the ultimate attainment in the acquisition ofwh-constructions in Japanese.[...]
Cette dissertation enquete sur l’acquisition des constructions wh du japonais appris comme langue seconde (L2) par les anglophones et les sinophones. Le point de mire de cette etude est double. Dans un premier temps, elle cherche a savoir si le changement parametrique est possible en acquisition L2, puisque les constructions wh de l’anglais et du chinois sont parametriquement opposees a celles du japonais. Deuxiemement, elle cherche a savoir si le changement parametrique est affecte par 1a langue matemelle de l’apprenant. Non seulement les constructions wh de l’anglais et du chinois sont differentes de celles du japonais, elles different egalement l’une de l’autre. Le chinois, comme le japonais, est une langue wh-in-situ, alors que l’anglais est une langue a movement wh. Les constructions wh du chinois peuvent done etre decrites comme etant plus semblables a celles du japonais qu’a celles de l’anglais. Ce travail cherche a sa voir si la similarite entre le chino is et le japonais et la dissimilarite entre l’anglais et le japonais ont un effet sur le processus et/ou le resultat final de 1’acquisition de ces constructions en japonais.[...]

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36

Hirakawa, Makiko. "Unaccusativity in second language Japanese and English". Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=36771.

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This thesis investigates L2 acquisition of intransitive verb constructions in Japanese and English. Within the Generative framework, the Unaccusative Hypothesis has been proposed, which divides intransitive verbs into two syntactically distinct classes: unergatives and unaccusatives (Burzio 1986). The sole argument of unergative verbs is an Agent generated in subject position, whereas that of unaccusative verbs is a Theme or Patient base-generated in object position. While the unaccusative/unergative distinction at the level of Deep (D)-Structure holds universally, as derived by a universal principle called the Uniformity of Theta Assignment Hypothesis (UTAH, Baker 1988), languages differ as to where the underlying object of unaccusatives may be positioned at the level of Surface (S)-structure. In the case of English, it surfaces in the subject position where it receives Nominative Case. In the case of Japanese, on the other hand, it has been argued that the argument of unaccusative verbs remains in its base-generated object position and that Nominative Case is assigned within the Verb Phrase.
Experimental studies are conducted to examine learners' knowledge of unaccusativity at the two levels, i.e. D-Structure and S-Structure. It is hypothesized that learners will show sensitivity to unaccusativity at D-Structure, but that they may not acquire the correct representation of unaccusativity in the L2 at S-Structure, at least in an earlier stage. The first two studies present the L2 acquisition of English by Japanese speakers. The next two studies are concerned with the L2 acquisition of Japanese by English speakers. Overall, results of the four studies confirm the hypotheses, and L2 learners appear to have problems where the L1 manifests a different representation from the L2. Nevertheless, it is observed that L2 learners behavior is not random even when difficulty arises, in that the L2 learners are often consistent with one class of verbs, but not with the other. Thus, it is suggested that the L2 acquisition of intransitive verb constructions is constrained by universal principles, such as the Unaccusative Hypothesis and the UTAH.

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37

Stuntz, Daniel Fuller. "Enhancing Japanese Language Materials Development: An Analysis of Usability and Accessibility Issues of Computer-Assisted Language Learning (CALL) Solutions in Japanese Language Pedagogy". The Ohio State University, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1420564963.

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38

Inoue, Yumi. "Acquisition of Japanese tense and aspect by Cantonese speakers". Thesis, Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B20002907.

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39

Yamamoto, Ryosuke. "Crosslinguistic Influence of Loanwords on Japanese Particle Processing| Evidence from Japanese Language Learners". Thesis, Purdue University, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10808151.

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Abstract (sommario):

Studies have proposed that the spreading activation (SA) theory (Colins, & Loftus, 1975) can explain the nature of L1 and L2 predictive sentence processing (e.g., Kaan, 2014). Research on processing in L2 English has found that word information triggers learners' semantically-driven predictive sentence processing (e.g., Hopp, 2015); however, to the best of my knowledge, few studies have been conducted in L2 Japanese. Additionally, what triggers L2 predictive sentence processing is yet to be fully discovered. Research has demonstrated that L1 English learners of Japanese as a foreign language (JFL) show cognate-like effects when English-based loanwords are used as primes in a cross-linguistic priming experiment if these loanwords retain their original English phonology and semantics (e.g., Allen, & Conklin, 2013), which suggests the existence of inter-lingual SA effects when learners process these loanwords. The purpose of the present study is to investigate whether SA effects induced by a loanword in a sentence can also facilitate learners' predictive sentence processing.

The present study investigated whether a loanword embedded in a sentence facilitates JFL learners' syntactic prediction. Twenty-six L1 English learners of JFL and eight native Japanese speakers participated in the study. In the experiment, they were presented with 20 fillers and 32 Japanese right-dislocated sentences ending with a noun followed by a postpositional particle. Among these 32 sentences, half of them had a loanword preceding a particle, whereas the other half had a non-loanword preceding a particle. At the end of each sentence, the subjects were asked to make an acceptability judgment, and reaction time (RT) was recorded for statistical analysis.

The results indicated that loanwords had a statistically significant facilitative influence on predicting their adjacent postpositional particle in sentences. This was especially true for the locative particle ni and the comitative particle to. Although the loanword-induced cross-linguistic SA effects on particle processing were inhomogeneous, the study sufficiently supported the hypothesis that loanwords can facilitate learners' predictive processing of subsequent particles, simultaneously providing evidence for the existence of SA effects in L2-Japanese sentence processing.

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40

Wallgren, Jonas. "Attitudes Towards and Uses of the Japanese Adverbzenzen by Swedish Learners of Japanese". Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Engelska, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-19264.

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Abstract (sommario):

The word zenzen is an adverb that is used frequently in daily conversational Japanese. From the Meiji period (1868-1912) until the early Showa period (1924-1989) the word was used together with both affirmative and negative words to form expressions. In the early Showa period the grammatical rules in education changed so that the only acceptable use was together with a negative word. From the 1990’s onward, the use together with an affirmative word has made a comeback especially among younger Japanese people. However even though the usage together with an affirmative word has made a comeback and was considered normal once in history, in today’s society it is still considered as slang and thus not recommended usage in formal situations. Foreign language learners however, tend not to learn a language only by textbooks but also by imitating the language of native Japanese speakers and Japanese popular culture. This may lead to a confusion regarding what words are acceptable to use in conversations. Therefore in this study, an online survey that examines the usage and attitudes regarding the word zenzen aimed at Japanese language learners at Swedish universities was conducted. The results of the survey showed that although a majority of the learners showed a good understanding of the usage, more than half of the learners displayed a feeling of confusion regarding the usage of the word. The gender comparison regarding the usage showed no major differences. Having lived in Japan, having Japanese friends whom you speak Japanese with regularly and length of Japanese study was associated with an increased understanding of the usage. Regular consumption of Japanese popular culture, however, was not associated with an increased understanding of the usage. A literature analysis was also conducted to examine the attitudes regarding the usage of zenzen in a variety of books with topics including business language and books aimed at Japanese language teachers. The results showed that zenzen used together with a negative word was considered as the norm while zenzen used together with an affirmative word was not recommended to be used in formal situations. When recommending proper usage of the word zenzen together with an affirmative word to foreign learners of Japanese, hijou-ni and totemo was seen as better alternatives to zenzen in a formal situation.

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41

Ohkado, Kikuyo. "Tough constructions in Japanese". Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=68127.

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This thesis proposes an analysis of the tough construction in Japanese. It is proposed that there are actually two tough constructions, each derived by a different kind of movement. Three kinds of data which support the claim made here are presented: tough constructions with scrambling, tough constructions with reflexives, and nominals derived from tough constructions. It is argued that non-movement analysis is not appropriate and that both tough constructions are derived by movement. It is shown that tough constructions with a 'tend to' reading can also be accommodated by this analysis. The analysis accounts for a wide range of interactions between tough constructions and other phenomena, which have not been previously focused on in the literature.

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42

Watt, Yasuko Ito. "Japanese demonstratives in television dramas : variance and invariance /". Access Digital Full Text version, 1991. http://pocketknowledge.tc.columbia.edu/home.php/bybib/11041808.

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Abstract (sommario):

Thesis (Ed.D.)--Teachers College, Columbia University, 1991.
Includes tables. Typescript; issued also on microfilm. Sponsor: Clifford A. Hill. Dissertation Committee: Jo Anne Kleifgen. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 212-222).

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43

Kumashiro, Toshiyuki. "The conceptual basis of grammar : a cognitive approach to Japanese clausal structure /". Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p9975039.

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44

Nomura, Masuhiro. "The internally-headed relative clause construction in Japanese : a cognitive grammar approach /". Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p9992383.

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45

Iketani, Kiyomi. "Selected sequence signals in Japanese : a semantic analysis". Thesis, Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/132950.

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Abstract (sommario):

This thesis is an attempt to analyze the meaning of four Japanese words which are generally used fo r summarizing, paraphrasing or c la rify in g what has been previously stated. The function of these four words is to re la te sentences in a discourse. Therefore, the meaning of the words cannot be discovered by considering a sentence in is o la tio n - they must be considered in the context of a discourse. This is one of the reasons why these words are d if f ic u lt fo r students when they are learning Japanese. N aturally th is problem does not concern beginners so much as advanced learners, because beginners are more engaged in fundamental sentence patterns than in competent discourse.

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46

Sitasuwan, Kanlayanee. "Language usage in Kyōgen /". Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/11110.

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47

Ho, Hoa-yan Esther. "Anaphoras and metaphors in Japanese and English implications for translation /". Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B37860525.

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48

Eda, Sanae. "Processing of intonation patterns in Japanese implications for Japanese as a foreign language /". Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1086187589.

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Abstract (sommario):

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2004.
Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xiv, 164 p.; also includes graphics (some col.). Includes abstract and vita. Advisor: Mari Noda, Dept. of East Asian Languages and Literatures. Includes bibliographical references (p. 157-164).

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49

Oyama, Atsuko. "Japanese native speakers' attitudes towards attention-getting ne of intimacy in relation to Japanese femininities". Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1217941651.

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50

Kitano, Megumi. "The Role of Role Language in Japanese Language Education : A Study on the Involvement of Role Language in the Japanese-as-a-Foreign-Language Education at Stockholm University". Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Avdelningen för japanska, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-158714.

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