Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Iversen, kristen"

Dette dobbeltnummer af Dansk Teologisk Tidsskrift indeholder fem artikler inden for fem forskellige forskningsfelter. Mellem dem løberder linjer på kryds og tværs, der tegner interessante sammenhænge. I den første artikel, som er første halvdel af en dobbeltartikel undersøger Nils Arne Pedersen, dåbsritualets led og rækkefølge hos N.F.S. Grundtvig med særligt fokus på placeringen af Fadervor og betydning af begrebet “Guds børn”. Dermed bidrager han med væsentlig historisk baggrundsviden til den aktuelle liturgidiskussion i folkekirken, som også er undersøgelsens direkte anledning. Især Christian Thodbergs forståelse af Grundtvigs dåbssyn udfordres. Ifølge Pedersen spiller spørgsmålet om historisk ælde en afgørende rolle i Grundtvigs vurdering af mulige ændringer i dåbsritualet. Hvor Thodberg på baggrund af Grundtvigs salmer og samtidens teologiske strømninger mente, at Fadervor efter Grundtvigs opfattelse placeredes bedst før dåben, fremhæver Pedersen med støtte i en lang række supplerende materiale, at placeringen efter dåben for Grundtvig var at foretrække, og at han i det hele taget havde et andet blik for betydningen af dåbsritualets forskellige led, end det Thodberg lader ane, når ham argumenterer for, at alle dele af dåben rummer hele dåbens betydning. Hvor Thodberg vil placere Fadervor før dåben som en forbøn ud af menneskelig fortvivlelse, ser Grundtvig Fadervor som en følge af, at den døbte nu er kristen og har Gud som fader. Bernt Torvild Oftestad taget fat i en anden rituel virkelighed, nemlig sjælesorgen for dødsdømte i Danmarks og Norges Kirke-Ritual. MedBalthasar Münters sjælesørgeriske omsorg for den dødsdømte Struense får Oftestad vist, hvordan oplysningstraditioner, Struenses radikalefranske og Münters neologistiske, skaber nye referencerammer for Kirkeritualets formuleringer, som ikke er uden spændinger. Måletfor sjælesorgen i Kirkeritualet er identifikationen med Kristus i hans lidelse, så lidelsen derved bliver indgangen til nyt liv. Denne procesunderstøttes af bibelske eksempler, men sker ikke kun ved ord, også materielle ting, som fx den vin, den dødsdømte får lov at smage, kanblive Kristusforkyndelse. Münters mål med Struense er ikke på samme måde conformitas Christi, men omvendelse gennem intellektueloverbevisning, så Struense kan blive beviset på den mulige forening af oplysningstanke og fromhed, fornuft og åbenbaring. Dermed ændressjælesorgens profil, mens dens affektive dimension bibeholdes og forstærkes gennem oplysningstiden. Nummerets tredje artikel er skrevet af Kenneth Berg og belyser den hævdede modsætning mellem selviskhed og uselviskhed med udgangspunkti K.E. Løgstrups interesse for Max Scheler. Også her spiller oplysningstiden en rolle, nemlig som årsag til det, som forfatteren ser som en problematisk dikotomi mellem selviskhed og uselviskhed. Denne dikotomi kendes ikke i før-reformatorisk kristendom, men må forstås som et barn af moderniteten. Berg undersøger, i hvor høj grad Løgstrup gennem inspiration fra Scheler, som Løgstrup introducerede i Danmark, kan siges at overskride modernitetens opfattelse af moral som principielt uselvisk. Diskussionen om Løgstrups mulige inspiration fra Scheler fører forfatteren til den konklusion, at en hævdelsen af uselviskhed som indbegrebet af det moralske valg i virkeligheden er nihilistisk og derfor både teologisk og fænomenologisk problematisk. I 2019 udgav Jürgen Habermas et nyt opus magnum med titlen Auch eine Geschichte der Philosophie. Troels Nørager, der var blandt de førsteder introducerede Habermas’ tænkning i Danmark, gennemgår i en udvidet review-anmeldelse de filosofiske, religionsvidenskabelige ogteologiske linjer i dette storværk. Også Habermas er optaget af riten eller ritualet, og ser myten som første forsøg på sprogliggørelse af denaf riten indkapslede sakralitet. Dermed bevæger myten sig tættere på fornuften, idet også myten indeholder rationalitet. I Habermas øjnehar metafysik og monoteisme derfor fælles udspring, hvilket muliggør samtale. Nørager gør en del ud af Habermas’ brug af begrebet“rettende Gerechtigkeit” som det “mere”, som religion til forskel fra filosofi kan indeholde, og som sikrer en liturgisk levende kristendomfortsat relevans – også for den sekulære tænkning, som Habermas fortsat ser sig som eksponent for. Nummerets sidste artikel er ligeledes en bogomtale. Daniel Henschens Da danskerne ville omvende verden giver Hans Raun Iversen lejlighed til at give en forskningshistorisk oversigt over det missionshistoriske felt. Henschens bog udmærker sig i den forbindelse ved at anskue missionsbevægelsen som en del af dansk kulturhistorie og bidrager på den måde med mange tiltrængte nuancer i synet på dendanske missionsbevægelse. Bogen kan derfor efter hensigten fungere som introduktion til missionsbevægelsen som globaliseringsbevægelse,før globaliseringen for alvor slog igennem i verden.

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