Tesi: "Iran – Tehran"

1

Tehrani-Ami, Behnaz. "The "invisible" entrepreneurs : women's home-based economic activities in Tehran, Iran". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0031/MQ64201.pdf.

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2

Faizi, Mohsen. "Urban public parks : in Tehran, Iran". Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.392923.

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3

Emami, Habib. "Epidemiological studies on mental health in Tehran - Iran". Doctoral thesis, Umeå : Univ, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-1864.

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4

Haji, Molana Hanieh Sadat. "Sense of Community and Residential Neighborhoods in Tehran, Iran". Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1472090916.

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5

pour-Ahranjani, Behnoush. "The epidemiology and prevention of childhood obesity in Tehran, Iran". Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2011. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/1583/.

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Childhood obesity is a recognised increasing public health problem in Iran, but no evidence for effective prevention strategies is available. The aim was to inform the development of an obesity prevention intervention for Iranian school children. A quantitative analysis was used to examine the pattern and associated factors with obesity and a qualitative study explored the beliefs of parents and school staff about the causes of childhood obesity and potential interventions. Overall 28.2% of the children were overweight or obese and there was a non-significant tendency for increased energy intake with higher weight status. Measures of body fat were highly positively correlated with blood pressure. There was generally accurate body size perception among children and no relationship between weight status and quality of life scores. Focus group participants identified a range of perceived obesity risk factors related to diet and physical activity at the micro and macro levels. In terms of interventions, the importance of macro level activities was highlighted. The study confirms that childhood obesity is an important health problem in Tehran and highlighted socio-economic variations in prevalence, which will inform the targeting of prevention interventions. Important contextual information was obtained to inform the development of a prevention intervention.

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6

Westerberg, Lotta. "Social Media and Change Agents in Iran : Perspectives from Tehran and Baluchistan". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Historiska institutionen, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-225865.

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7

Malakooti, Hossein. "Meteorology and air-quality in a mega-city : application to Tehran, Iran". Marne-la-Vallée, ENPC, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010ENPC1001.

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The influence of a mega-city on the atmospheric boundary layer and surface conditions was examined in the complex-terrain, semi-arid Tehran region using the Pennsylvania State University/National Center for Atmospheric Research fifth-generation Mesoscale Model (MM5) during a high pollution period. In addition, model sensitivity studies were conducted to evaluate the performance of the urban canopy and urban soil model "SM2-U (3D)" parameterization on the meteorological fields and ground level air pollutant concentrations in this area. The topographic flows and urban effects were found to play important roles in modulating the wind and temperature fields, and the urbanized areas exerted important local effects on the boundary layer meteorology. An emission inventory of air pollutants and an inventory of heat generation were developed and updated for 2005 in this work. Emissions from on-road motor vehicles constitute a major portion of the emission inventory and play the most important role in terms of contributions of air pollutants to the atmosphere in Tehran. By using a detailed methodology, we calculated spatial and temporal distributions of the anthropogenic heat flux (Qf) for Tehran during 2005. Wintertime Qf is larger than summertime Qf, which reflects the importance of heating emissions from buildings and traffic during cold and warm period respectively. Different urban parameterizations were used as a tool to investigate the modifications induced by the presence of an urban area in the area of interest. It was found that, for local meteorological simulations, the drag-force approach coupled with an urban soil model (DA-SM2-U) is preferable to the roughness approach (RA-SLAB). The comparisons indicated that the most important features of the wind, temperature and turbulent fields in urban areas are well reproduced by the DA-SM2-U configuration with the anthropogenic heat flux being taken into account (i. E. , "DA-SM2-U Qf: On" option). This modeling option showed that the suburban part of the city is dominated by topographic flows whereas the center and south of Tehran are more affected by urban heat island (UHI) forcing especially during the night. The chemical transport modeling, including a model sensitivity study, was used to investigate the impact of the different urban parameterization on the dispersion and formation of pollutants over the Tehran region. Results show that applying DA approaches leads to significant improvements in the simulated spatial and temporal distribution of air pollutant concentrations in the city area and affects significantly the size of the urban plumes.

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8

Kaivanara, Marzieh. ""I did it for myself" : ethnographic study of cosmetic surgery in Tehran, Iran". Thesis, University of Bristol, 2016. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.715737.

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9

Karami, K. "Psychological and social effects of noise from aircraft at Tehran International Airport (Iran)". Thesis, University of Salford, 1993. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/14671/.

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This thesis is the result of over 2 years research on the ef f ects of aircraf t noise on human health of the residents around Mehrabad Airport (Tehran). other studies in England, Germany, France, Netherlands, Switzerland, Hong Kong, U. S. A., Australia, Nigeria and Canada show a positive correlation between the extent of social and psychological disorders and aircraft noise. Social survey data from questionnaires translated into Farsi highlight relationships -between noise and psychological problems. The Noise and Number Index (NNI) for aircraft noise assessment was derived from noise measurements and correlated with questionnaires. The results were computed by SPSS PC" software. The analysis of questionnaires data demonstrates that aircraft noise exposure causes annoyance and increases tiredness and affects the efficiency and performance of school teachers. Aircraft noise effects are the most severe of noises experienced by residents. It causes psychological and physiological disorders, sleep disturbance and communication difficulties. Noise is a very important factor which needs more attention and further study on its effects on human health and the impact of aircraft noise on different sections of society.

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10

Forouzan, Ameneh Setareh. "Assessing responsiveness in the mental health care system : the case of Tehran". Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Epidemiologi och global hälsa, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-109499.

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Introduction: Understanding health service user perceptions of the quality of care is critical to developing measures to increase the utilisation of healthcare services. To relate patient experiences to a common set of standards, the World Health Organization (WHO) developed the concept of health system responsiveness. This measures what happens during user’s interactions with the system, using a common scale, and requires that the user has had a specified encounter, which they evaluate. The concept of responsiveness has only been used in a very few studies previously to evaluate healthcare sub-systems, such as mental healthcare. Since the concept of responsiveness had not been previously applied to a middle income country, such as Iran, there is a need to investigate its applicability and to develop a valid instrument for evaluating health system performance. The aim of this study is to assess the responsiveness of the mental healthcare system in Tehran, the capital of Iran, in accordance with the WHO responsiveness concept. Methods: This thesis is a health system research, based on qualitative and quantitative methods. During the qualitative phase of the study, six focus group discussions were carried out in Tehran, from June to August 2010. In total, 74 participants, comprising 21 health providers and 53 users of the mental healthcare system, were interviewed. Interviews were analysed through content analysis. The coding was synchronised between the researchers through two discussion sessions to ensure the credibility of the findings. The results were then discussed with two senior researchers to strengthen plausibility. Responses were examined in relation to the eight domains of the WHO’s responsiveness model. In accordance with the WHO health system responsiveness questionnaire and the findings of the qualitative studies, a Farsi version of the Mental Health System Responsiveness Questionnaire (MHSRQ) was tailored to suit the mental healthcare system in Iran. This version was tested in a cross-sectional study at nine public mental health clinics in Tehran. A sample of 500 mental health services patients was recruited and subsequently completed the questionnaire. The item missing rate was used to check the feasibility, while the reliability of the scale was determined by assessing the Cronbach’s alpha and item total correlations. The factor structure of the questionnaire was investigated by performing confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). To assess how the domains of responsiveness were performing in the mental healthcare system, I used the data collected during the second phase of the study. Utilising the same method used by the WHO for its responsiveness survey, we evaluated the responsiveness of outpatient mental healthcare, using a validated Farsi questionnaire. Results: There were many commonalities between the findings of my study and the eight domains of the WHO responsiveness model, although some variations were found. Effective care was a new domain generated from my findings. In addition, the domain of prompt attention was included in two newly labelled domains: attention and access to care. Participants could not differentiate autonomy from choice of healthcare provider, believing that free choice is part of autonomy. Therefore these domains were unified under the name of autonomy. The domains of quality of basic amenities, access to social support, dignity, and confidentiality were considered important for the responsiveness concept. Some differences regarding how these domains should be defined were observed, however. The results of the qualitative study were used to tailor a Farsi version of the MHSRQ. A satisfactory feasibility, as the item missing value was lower than 5.2%, was found. With the exception of the access domain, the reliability of the different domains in the questionnaire was within a desirable range. The factor loading showed an acceptable uni-dimensionality of the scale, despite the fact that the three items related to access did not perform well. The CFA also indicated good fit indices for the model (CFI = 0.99, GFI = 0.97, IFI = 0.99, AGFI = 0.97). The results of the mental healthcare system responsiveness survey showed that, on average, 47% of participants reported experiencing poor responsiveness. Among the responsiveness domains, confidentiality and dignity were the best performing factors, while autonomy, access to care and quality of basic amenities were the worst performing. Respondents who reported their social status as low were more likely to experience poor responsiveness overall. Autonomy, quality of basic amenities and clear communication were dimensions that performed poorly but were considered to be highly important by the study participants. Conclusion and implications: This is the first time that mental healthcare system responsiveness has been measured in Iran. Our results showed that the concept of responsiveness developed by the WHO is applicable to mental health services in this country. Dignity and confidentiality were domains which performed well, while the domains of autonomy, quality of basic amenities and access performed poorly. Any improvement in these poorly performing domains is dependent on resources. In addition, attention and access to care, which were rated high in importance and poor in performance, should be priority areas for intervention and the reengineering of referral systems and admission processes. The role of subjective social status in responsiveness should be further studied. These findings might help policymakers to better understand what is required for the improvement of mental health services.

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11

Ghanean, Helia. "Studies on the perception of mental illness and epilepsy in Tehran, Iran : a study in stigma and discrimination". Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Psykiatri, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-81703.

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Background Stigma and discrimination because of medical conditions is a global phenomenon. Epilepsy and mental illness belong to the most stigmatizing disorders world-wide. Culture, religion, education, life-style influences the perception of stigma. There are two aspects of stigma of special interest for this thesis; internalized stigma, which is the perception of a person suffering from a condition and the public perception of this disorder. This study investigates both aspects of stigma because of mental illness and epilepsy. Internalized stigma of mental illness and epilepsy are also studied in Umea, Sweden, with the same instrument as in Iran in order to look at the cultural influence. Methods Paper 1 and 2 on internalized stigma because of mental disorders and epilepsy in Tehran: These studies are cross-sectional with 138 persons with mental illness recruited from three different hospitals in Tehran and 130 persons with epilepsy from one neurologic clinic in Tehran and the Iran epilepsy association. Internalized stigma because of mental illness was measured using ISMI (Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness) questionnaire and because of epilepsy with the same instrument adapted for epilepsy (ISEP). ISMI/ISEP contains 29 items measured by a 4-point Likert scale. An open-ended question about the experiences of discrimination was added. Paper 3 and 4 on public attitudes towards mental disorders and epilepsy in Tehran: These two studies were performed with 800 individuals randomly chosen from households in four districts of Iran (north, south, east and west). In Paper 3 on attitudes and knowledge of mental illness a modified version of a questionnaire developed for the World Association program to reduce discrimination and stigma because of schizophrenia was used. In Paper 4 on awareness of and attitudes towards epilepsy a questionnaire originally developed by Caveness and Gallup in United States as early as 1949 was used and since used in many studies all over the world. Paper 5 and 6 comparing internalized stigma because of mental disorders and epilepsy in Tehran and Umea: These two studies included patients suffering from mental disorders (N=163) and epilepsy (N=93) recruited from the university hospital in Umea, Sweden. The same questions as used in Paper 1 and 2 were applied. Results The experience of stigma because of mental disorders was high in the Iranian sample. The Swedish sample generally reported lower levels of experienced stigma than the Iranian except for items covering self-blame and feelings of alienation. As regards epilepsy the Iranian sample reported quite a high level of experienced stigma compared to the Swedish sample. Generally the patients with epilepsy reported lower levels of experienced stigma compared to patients with mental illness in the two settings. Attitudes towards mentally ill persons in Tehran were at the same levels as in western high income countries. The knowledge about and attitudes towards persons with epilepsy was also generally at the same level as found in other European studies expect for a much lower acceptance as regards accepting a person with epilepsy to marry someone in the family. Conclusion Stigma because of mental illness and epilepsy is a reality even in Iran, which is an Islamic setting in spite of the teachings of the Koran to show mercy with people who suffer from different ailments and rather well developed health services. The levels of experienced stigma is higher in Iran compared to Sweden, but still there is quite a lot of stigma because of mental illness even in Sweden in spite of several national efforts to reduce stigma. The lower levels of stigma because of epilepsy in both settings and especially in Sweden, is suggested to be the consequence of effective treatments available for epilepsy compared to the less successful treatments available for mental illness. The differences in internalized stigma reported and the public perceptions of stigma because of both mental illness and epilepsy between Iran and Sweden is suggested partly a consequence of the different cultural settings, Sweden being an extremely individualistic society compared to the more collectivistic Iranian society.

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12

Naghashian, E. S. "An investigation into the secondary school geography curriculum in Iran, with reference to Tehran". Thesis, Swansea University, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.638290.

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This study is designed to seek evidence regarding the present geography curriculum in Iran, with reference to Tehran, in order to identify and analyze its past and on going development. The main objectives of the study were: - To investigate the consequences for geography teaching in Iran, with reference to Tehran. - To investigate the effectiveness of curriculum aspects concerning aims and objectives, content, teaching methods, and pupils' assessment. In order to achieve the above objectives, four different approaches were adopted in the study: 1. a questionnaire for 121 geography teachers in Tehran; 2. a questionnaire for 1000 secondary school pupils in Tehran; 3. interviews with geography teachers and the Iranian officials in Tehran; 4. finally a geography textbook analysis. Overall, the study showed that: 1. in terms of aims and objectives, despite the recent effort, rewriting of them, necessary actions required especially to implement them; 2. although the content of geography has been enriched since the Revolution, it requires a comprehensive review rather than partial modifications. Also despite some improvement in geography textbooks, further improvement is required; 3. geography teaching methods are based on exposition and mainly are teacher-centred, while child-centred methods have been relatively ignored. 4. the Iranian geography curriculum is very much examination-oriented and the present pupils' assessment does not fully reflect the aims and objectives of the curriculum.

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13

Kermanian, Sara. "Creation of subjectivity in spaces of crisis : a case study in Daneshjoo Park, Tehran, Iran". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/46918.

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Public spaces are known to be spaces of social interaction, communication, or public actions. However, many of the public spaces involved in the current unrests in the Middle East, were spaces of crisis before they turned into spaces of revolution or civil war. In this research, I examine the role of public spaces in their condition of crisis on the creation of the subjectivity of their constituents and the limits and possibilities of these spaces for the formation of critical moments of thinking. I explore the answers of my questions through the ethnographic study of one example of spaces of crisis: Daneshjoo Park in Tehran. The data I use mainly comes from my personal observations and dialogues with constituents of the park during the seven years of my using the park from 2005 to 2012. Other sources of information include people's memories or comments about the park published on their weblogs or Facebook, maps, urban policies, the penal code of the Islamic Republic and public media. The result of this research shows that political power’s way for using spaces of crisis to manipulate people’s subjectivity passes through the hierarchy of identities. It also shows that the diversity of spatial experiences that forms in the condition of crisis can lead to the formation of “involuntary moments of thinking” and break the boundaries of subjectification.

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Mirbagheri, Mahsa. "Urban cemetery biophilic integration for human well-being : an applied case study of Tehran, Iran". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/671834.

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Cemeteries are an ancient reality, and while their basic function has not changed, their physical layout as well as the symbolic and emotional role within our societies has undergone profound transformations over time. The Oxford dictionary literally defines cemetery as “A large burial ground”. The meaning in the American heritage dictionary is similar: “A place for burying the dead.” The definitions of cemetery in both dictionaries significantly mentions the dead and dark side of these spaces. Not only these definitions but also modern zoning legislation on cemeteries deny their role as urban open public green spaces and their potential to contribute to human well-being. Decisions about cemeteries segregation follow two-dimensional land-use urban planning, without considering their relationships with other urban spaces and without a real understanding of human behavior. The usual process of urban development treats cemeteries as isolated singular function urban spaces, not as part of larger urban fabrics. This vision leads to the appearance of urban spaces without any urban design qualities. This research was conceived to investigate the main process of urban cemeteries integration with cities and human daily life by biophilic approaches (based on Iran as a case study). It has the potential to make an important contribution to both academic research and planning decisions on the roles of urban cemeteries in cities and their response to human well-being. The thesis is based on two literature review parts concerning urban design assessment and biophilic applied methods. It highlights the necessity of intervention at different scales (urban planning, urban design, architecture, and landscape design) in order to develop an integration process of cemeteries. The case study of Tehran and references to international cases lead to address the general strategies and guides of this process in detail.
Los cementerios son una realidad antigua, y aunque su función básica no ha cambiado, su configuración física, así como su papel simbólico y emocional, ha sufrido profundas transformaciones a lo largo del tiempo. El diccionario de Oxford define literalmente cementerio como "un amplio espacio de entierro". El significado en el diccionario Americano es similar: "Un lugar para enterrar los muertos". Estas definiciones de cementerio en ambos diccionarios mencionan de forma significativa los muertos y su lado más sombrío. No sólo estas definiciones, sino también la zonificación urbanística moderna de los cementerios, niegan su papel como espacios públicos abiertos verdes y su potencial para contribuir al bienestar humano. La segregación de cementerios responde a planeamientos urbanísticos en dos dimensiones, sin tener en consideración sus relaciones con otros espacios urbanos y sin una comprensión real de los comportamientos humanos. El proceso habitual de desarrollo urbano trata los cementerios como espacios urbanos con una función singular aislada, no como parte de tejidos urbanos más amplios. Esta visión conduce a la aparición de espacios urbanos sin ninguna calidad de diseño. La presente investigación ha sido concebida para ahondar en el proceso de integración de los cementerios urbanos con las ciudades y la vida cotidiana de los ciudadanos siguiendo un enfoque biofílico (a través del caso de estudio de Irán). Este estudio puede contribuir tanto a la investigación académica como a la toma de decisiones de planeamiento en relación con el papel de los cementerios urbanos en las ciudades y su respuesta al bienestar humano. La tesis se basa en dos partes de revisión bibliográfica relativas a la evaluación de cementerios existentes en términos de diseño urbano y a la aplicación de métodos aplicados biofílicos. Pone de manifiesto la necesidad de intervenir a diferentes escalas (planeamiento, diseño urbano, arquitectura y paisajismo) con el fin de desarrollar el proceso de integración de los cementerios. El caso de estudio de Tehran y las referencias a casos internacionales conducen a formular estrategias generales y pautas para detallar este proceso

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Golestaneh, Amir Reza. "Disaster risk reduction management in the city of Tehran : how do construction practitioners prepare for a potential earthquake? : an investigation based on research in Tehran-Iran". Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2018. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/3022941/.

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Natural disasters such as earthquakes are disruptive environmental events which severely impact the livelihoods of people, the integrity of infrastructures and buildings, and the global economy. The identification and comprehension of the total effects of earthquakes upon infrastructures and buildings along with working towards improving seismic protection methods and earthquake resistant buildings has been extensively studied by many researchers. Numerous studies have focused on identifying the effects of earthquakes in urban areas as the collapse of buildings during earthquakes poses one of the greatest threats to human life. The capital city of Iran, Tehran, is an earthquake-prone zone located in the active Alpine-Himalayan seismic belt and has experienced many earthquakes over the centuries. Due in part to rapid population growth, the increase of urban development and insufficient safety regulations, levels of human vulnerability to the impacts of a strong earthquake have risen steadily as the city continues to develop. In order to mitigate the potential impact of such an event, there are several strategies which should be implemented in the further urban development of the city. This thesis serves to present various strategies relating to Tehran's construction practitioners and engineering communities in their mission to reduce the adverse impacts of a strong earthquake. In order to develop an effective overall strategy, it is essential to first develop the multidisciplinary methods of disaster mitigation planning such as the application of seismic standards and codes in construction, the retrofitting of existing buildings and infrastructures to improve vulnerable areas, the advancement of disaster management practices to address risk management rather than being limited to crisis management, the improvement of emergency response capabilities, the commission of local authorities to provide oversight and enforcement of construction regulations and seismic codes, the promotion of ethical practice in the construction industry, the establishment of a national insurance program to provide coverage for the long-term effects of natural disasters and the formation of an accountable disaster management agency with an unobstructed manifesto.

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16

GHAFFARI, RASSA. "Gender through Generations: ruoli e rappresentazioni di genere tra due generazioni della classe media di Tehran". Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/277249.

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L’obiettivo della presente ricerca è di investigare le trasformazioni delle rappresentazioni e narrazioni dei ruoli di genere di due campioni di uomini e donne iraniani/e della classe media di Tehran, appartenenti a due generazioni differenti: il primo gruppo è composto da individui nati tra il 1960 e il 1969, ed appartenenti perciò a quella che la letteratura scientifica internazionale definisce Generazione X. Il secondo gruppo include giovani donne e uomini nate/i tra il 1990 e il 1999, definiti come membri della Generazione Millennial. Avvalendosi di una metodologia di ricerca mista, composta da analisi documentaria, un’analisi secondaria di dati statistici e interviste narrative con uomini e donne di entrambe le generazioni, questo studio ha permesso di analizzare le complessità e contraddizioni insite nei processi di elaborazione e negoziazione delle identità di genere di questi/e attori e attrici sociali. A d una interpretazione spesso semplicistica e sterotipizzata del mutamento sociale come ineluttabile e lineare processo da modelli e comportamenti “tradizionali” ad uno non meglio identificata nozione di “modernità”, la ricerca contrappone una lettura basata sul concetto di “bricolage culturale post-moderno”: un creativo processo di costruzione di significati attraverso la rielaborazione di elementi ed istanze precedenti e nuove, in cui il soggetto può operare scelte innovative e consapevoli in accordo con le proprie condizioni ed attitudini.
The aim of the present research is to investigate the transformations of the representations and narrations of gender roles among two samples of Iranian men and women of Tehran’s middle class, belonging to two different generations: the first group is composed of individuals born between 1960 and 1969, and therefore belonging to what the international scientific literature defines Generation X. The second group includes young women and men born between 1990 and 1999, defined as members of the Millennial Generation. Using a mixed research methodology, consisting of documentary analysis, a secondary analysis of statistical data and narrative interviews with men and women of both generations, this study allowed us to deepen the complexities and contradictions intrinsic of the processes of elaboration and negotiation of gender identity among these social actors. Instead of an often simplistic and sterotyped interpretation of social change as an ineluctable and linear process from "traditional" models and behaviors to an unidentified notion of "modernity", the research contrasts the concept of "post-modern cultural bricolage": a creative process of construction of meanings through the rielaboration of previous and new elements and instances, in which the subject can make innovative and conscious choices in accordance with his/her own conditions and attitudes.

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Hosseini, Seyedeh Yasamin. "Service quality approach in development of children's visit model. Case study Golestan Palace Museum, Tehran, Iran". Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/667502.

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This is an investigation that wants to study about the perspective of service quality for young audiences at a cultural place such as museum. These types of projects allow us to obtain direct feedback from children as young visitors and achieve important outcomes that could help to improve museum services in order to increase children satisfaction and loyalty and help to change the museum managers' view and change the vision of museum administrators. In this sense, 361 questionnaires responded to boys and girls in primary schools in Tehran, between 7 and 13 years old, while visiting the museum. Obtained answers have been analyzed through various methods. The results show that some of the service quality factors have a positive effect on children's visits, but we have discovered that some of these factors may not be direct causes of satisfaction during their visit, unlike adults. It means that these factors are not sufficient for the satisfaction of the children in their visit from a cultural place like the museums. In summary, it can be said that the Golestan Palace museum has important elements of attraction for children, which with appropriate planning, attention and investment, can become the focus of attracting young audiences in Tehran
Aquesta és una investigació que vol informar sobre l´estat de la qüestió i la importància d´avaluar el nivell de qualitat del serveis dels museus. Aquest tipus d´estudis ens permeten obtenir informació directa dels infants com a visitants i aconseguir resultats importants que podrien ajudar a millorar els serveis dels museus. D’aquesta manera es pot aconseguir d'augmentar la participació i satisfacció dels infants i, alhora, ajudar a canviar la visió dels administradors dels museus. Com a evidències en aquest sentit, aportem les enquestes dels nens i nenes d'escoles d´Educació Primària de Teheran, d'entre 7 i 13 anys. Entre tots, varen respondre 361 qüestionaris mentre visitaven el museu. Les respostes obtingudes s'han analitzat mitjançant diversos mètodes i els resultats, mostren que alguns dels factors de qualitat del servei, tenen un efecte positiu en les visites dels nens i nenes, però hem descobert també que, aquests factors, poden no ser valorats com a causa directa de satisfacció durant la visita, a diferència dels adults. En resum, es pot dir que el museu del Palau de Golestan, té elements importants com a atracció per als infants, i que amb una planificació, atenció i inversió adequades, pot convertir-se en focus d’atracció d’infants i joves a Teheran

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Mohammadi, Soheila. "Beyond ‘Cesarean Overuse’ : Hospital-Based Audits of Obstetric Care and Maternal Near Miss in Tehran, Iran". Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Internationell mödra- och barnhälsovård (IMCH), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-308081.

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With one in two women delivering surgically, Iran has one of the highest rates of cesarean section (CS) worldwide. CS overuse in low-risk pregnancies potentially exposes women to Maternal Near-Miss (MNM) morbidity with minimal health benefits. This thesis studied obstetric care quality and MNM at hospitals with high rates of CS in Tehran, Iran. In Study I, we investigated whether audits of CS indications and feedback influenced CS rates at a general hospital. Subsequent to the audit, a 27% reduction in the risk of primary CS was found. In Study II, characteristics of MNM were investigated at university hospitals between 2012 and 2014. During a 26-month period, 82 MNM cases were identified using the WHO MNM approach. Severe postpartum hemorrhage (35%), severe preeclampsia (32%), and placenta previa including abnormally invasive placenta (10%) were the main three causes of MNM. Iran has a huge influx of migrants from Afghanistan. Women with antepartum CS and those who lacked health insurance, almost all Afghans, had increased risk of MNM. In Study III, audits examined whether MNM care quality differed between 54 Iranians and 22 Afghans and whether near-miss events were preventable. A majority of MNM cases (62%) arrived at hospital in a moribund state and obstetric care was more suboptimal for Afghans than Iranians (adjusted odds ratio 5.1, 95% confidence interval 1.2–22.6). Moreover, MNM was commonly (71%) potentially preventable and professionals with suboptimal practice were involved in 85% of preventable cases. In Study IV, a qualitative interview study was conducted to explore care experiences of Afghan MNM survivors. Discrimination, insufficient medical attention, and ineffective counseling were the main experiences. To a lesser extent, poverty and low education were perceived as contributing factors to delays in accessing care. This thesis emphasizes the importance of high-quality care for preventing undesirable maternal outcomes. The audit method along with interviews was useful to determine quality and equity gaps in care provision. Policymakers and professionals should consider these gaps when structuring programs to reduce adverse maternal outcomes.

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19

Landgraf, Angela. "Fault interaction at different time- and length scales : the North Tehran thrust and Mosha-Fasham fault (Alborz mountains, Iran)". Phd thesis, Universität Potsdam, 2010. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2011/5080/.

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The seismically active Alborz mountains of northern Iran are an integral part of the Arabia-Eurasia collision. Linked strike-slip and thrust/reverse-fault systems in this mountain belt are characterized by slow loading rates, and large earthquakes are highly disparate in space and time. Similar to other intracontinental deformation zones such a pattern of tectonic activity is still insufficiently understood, because recurrence intervals between seismic events may be on the order of thousands of years, and are thus beyond the resolution of short term measurements based on GPS or instrumentally recorded seismicity. This study bridges the gap of deformation processes on different time scales. In particular, my investigation focuses on deformation on the Quaternary time scale, beyond present-day deformation rates, and it uses present-day and paleotectonic characteristics to model fault behavior. The study includes data based on structural and geomorphic mapping, faultkinematic analysis, DEM-based morphometry, and numerical fault-interaction modeling. In order to better understand the long- to short term behavior of such complex fault systems, I used geomorphic surfaces as strain markers and dated fluvial and alluvial surfaces using terrestrial cosmogenic nuclides (TCN, 10Be, 26Al, 36Cl) and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL). My investigation focuses on the seismically active Mosha-Fasham fault (MFF) and the seismically virtually inactive North Tehran Thrust (NTT), adjacent to the Tehran metropolitan area. Fault-kinematic data reveal an early mechanical linkage of the NTT and MFF during an earlier dextral transpressional stage, when the shortening direction was oriented northwest. This regime was superseded by Pliocene to Recent NE-oriented shortening, which caused thrusting and sinistral strike-slip faulting. In the course of this kinematic changeover, the NTT and MFF were reactivated and incorporated into a nascent transpressional duplex, which has significantly affected landscape evolution in this part of the range. Two of three distinctive features which characterize topography and relief in the study area can be directly related to their location inside the duplex array and are thus linked to interaction between eastern MFF and NTT, and between western MFF and Taleghan fault, respectively. To account for inferred inherited topography from the previous dextral-transpression regime, a new concept of tectonic landscape characterization has been used. Accordingly, I define simple landscapes as those environments, which have developed during the influence of a sustained tectonic regime. In contrast, composite landscapes contain topographic elements inherited from previous tectonic conditions that are inconsistent with the regional present-day stress field and kinematic style. Using numerical fault-interaction modeling with different tectonic boundary conditions, I calculated synoptic snapshots of artificial topography to compare it with the real topographic metrics. However, in the Alborz mountains, E-W faults are favorably oriented to accommodate the entire range of NW- to NE-directed compression. These faults show the highest total displacement which might indicate sustained faulting under changing boundary conditions. In contrast to the fault system within and at the flanks of the Alborz mountains, Quaternary deformation in the adjacent Tehran plain is characterized by oblique motion and thrust and strike-slip fault systems. In this morphotectonic province fault-propagation folding along major faults, limited strike-slip motion, and en-échelon arrays of second-order upper plate thrusts are typical. While the Tehran plain is characterized by young deformation phenomena, the majority of faulting took place in the early stages of the Quaternary and during late Pliocene time. TCN-dating, which was performed for the first time on geomorphic surfaces in the Tehran plain, revealed that the oldest two phases of alluviation (units A and B) must be older than late Pleistocene. While urban development in Tehran increasingly covers and obliterates the active fault traces, the present-day kinematic style, the vestiges of formerly undeformed Quaternary landforms, and paleo earthquake indicators from the last millennia attest to the threat that these faults and their related structures pose for the megacity.
Das seismisch aktive Elburs Gebirge im Nordiran ist Bestandteil der Arabisch-Eurasischen Kollisionszone. Gekoppelte Blattverschiebungs- und Überschiebungssysteme dieses Gebirges zeichnen sich durch geringe Spannungsaufbauraten aus. Dementsprechend treten große Erdbeben räumlich und zeitlich weit verteilt voneinander auf und Wiederkehrperioden solcher Erdbeben können tausende von Jahren dauern und wurden noch nicht von kurzzeitigen Messmethoden, wie GPS oder instrumenteller Seismologie erfasst. Diese Arbeit überbrückt verschiedene Zeitskalen. Diese Studie beinhaltet insbesondere Auswertungen struktureller und geomorphologischer Kartierungen, störungskinematische Analysen, auf digitalen Höhenmodellen basierende Morphometrie und numerische Modellierung von Störungsinteraktion. Um das lang- und kurzfristige Verhalten solcher komplexen Schwächezonen besser zu verstehen, benutze ich geomorphologische Oberflächen als Deformationsmarker und datiere alluviale und fluviatile Oberflächen mittels kosmogener Nuklide (TCN, 10Be, 26Al, 36Cl) und optisch stimulierter Lumineszenz (OSL). Mein Untersuchungsgebiet umfasst die seismisch aktive Mosha-Fasham Störung (MFF) und die als seismisch quasi inaktiv geltende Nordteheranstörung (NTT), die sich in unmittelbarer Nähe zum Teheraner Ballungsgebiet befinden. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass sich das Deformationfeld mit der Zeit verändert hat. Die störungskinematischen Daten haben ergeben, dass NTT und MFF bereits seit einer früheren dextral-transpressionalen Phase unter NW-gerichteter Einengung mechanisch gekoppelt sind. Dieses System wurde von pliozäner und bis heute andauernder NE-gerichteter Einengung ersetzt, woraufhin sich Überschiebungen und linkslaterale Blattverschiebungen herausbildeten. Während dieses kinematischen Wechsels wurden NTT und MFF reaktiviert und in ein beginnendes transpressionales Duplexsystem eingebunden, welches die Landschaftentwicklung in diesem Teil des Gebirges signifikant beeinflusst hat. Zwei von drei ausgeprägten topographischen Besonderheiten des Untersuchungsgebietes können direkt mit deren Lage in der Duplexanordnung in Verbindung gebracht werden und spiegeln Interaktion zwischen den östlichen Segmenten von NTT und MFF, bzw., zwischen dem westlichen Segment der MFF und der parallelen Taleghan Schwächezone wider. Um diejenige Topographie auszuweisen, die möglicherweise aus der vorhergehenden Phase vererbt wurde, wurde ein neues Konzept tektonischer Landschaftscharakterisierung benutzt. Einfache Landschaften sind unter dem Einfluß gleichbleibender tektonischer Randbedingungen entstanden. Dagegen enthalten zusammengesetzte Landschaften vererbte Elemente vergangener tektonischer Randbedingungen, die mit dem heutigen Spannungsfeld und kinematischen Stil unvereinbar sind. Mittels numerischer Störungsinteraktionsmodellierungen teste ich verschiedene Randbedingungen und berechne synoptische Momentaufnahmen künstlicher Topographie um sie mit reellen topographischen Maßen zu vergleichen. Im Elburs Gebirge treten allerdings auch E-W streichende Schwächezonen auf, die so günstig orientiert sind, dass sie Verformung unter der gesamten Einengungsspanne von Nordwest nach Nordost zeigen. Diese weisen den höchsten totalen Versatz auf. Hier tritt das Grundgebirge zutage und wird versetzt, was, wie die Modellierungen vermuten lassen, auf langanhaltende Verformung unter sich ändernden Randbedingungen hinweisen kann. Quartäre Deformation in der benachbarten Teheran Ebene ist durch Schrägbewegungen, Überschiebungen und Blattverschiebungssyteme gekennzeichnet, die typischerweise in Auffaltungen entlang von Hauptstörungen, vereinzelten Blattverschiebungen und en-échelon Anordnungen untergeordneter oberflächlicher Überschiebungen resultieren. Junge Deformation tritt auf, die Hauptbewegungen fanden allerdings im frühen Quartär und wahrscheinlich späten Pliozän statt. TCN-Datierungen, die erstmalig an geomorphologischen Oberflächen in der Teheran Ebene durchgeführt wurden, ergeben dass die beiden älteren Sedimentationsphasen (Einheiten A und B) älter sind als spätes Pleistozän. Obwohl die urbane Entwicklung im Teheraner Ballungsraum die aktiven Störungslinien zunehmend verdeckt und ausradiert, zeugen der heutige kinematische Stil, die Überreste ehemals unverstellter Quartärer Landschaftsformen und Hinweise auf Paläoerdbeben während der letzten Jahrtausende von der Gefahr, die diese Schwächezonen für die Megastadt bedeuten.

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20

Vahidvaghef, Mitra. "Study the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral sex training in improving women’s sexual self-concept in Tehran, Iran". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/334390.

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Estudi de l'eficàcia de l'entrenament cognitiu-conductual en la millora de l'autoconcepte sexual de les dones en Teheran, Iran. Mitra Vahidvaghef (estudiant de doctorat), Rosa M. Raich Escursell (professor), Teresa Gutiérrez Rosado (professor), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. El concepte de pròpia sexualitat s'ha definit com una generalització cognitiva sobre els aspectes sexuals d'un mateix que es deriven de l'experiència passada, que es manifesta en l'experiència adquirida, i que influeixen en el processament d'informació social sexual, i en el comportament guia l (Andersen i Cyranowski, 2010). L'entrenament cognitiu-conductual (CBT) és un mètode que millora estil d'identificació i el desafiament dels pensaments irracionals, així com la reducció i el canvi de comportaments problemàtics. (Epocrates, 2014) Aquesta investigació pretén estudiar l'efecte de la teràpia cognitivoconductual sexual capacitant per millorar l'autoestima (incloent satisfacció sexual, l'autoestima sexual) en les dones casades iranianes. El és un estudi experimental. La població de partida del present estudi (N: 5000) consta de totes les dones casades que han utilitzat les instal·lacions educatives municipals a Teheran. Els grups de mostra (n: 90) van ser seleccionats mitjançant mostreig aleatori. Qüestionari multidimensional de Snell (MSSCQ) (1991) es va utilitzar en pre-, post-test i etapa de seguiment dels dos grups, intervenció i control. Es va utilitzar la prova estadística MIX ANOVA per analitzar les dades. Els resultats de l'estudi son F (1, 79) = 5.148, P=0.001 . la diferència entre el grup experimental i el control va resultar significativa Eta squared= 0.063 que van mostrar que la intervenció psicològica reforçar el l'auto-concepte sexual.
Estudio de la eficàcia del entrenamiento cognitivo-conductual en la mejora del autoconcepto sexual de las mujeres en Teheran, Irán. Mitra Vahidvaghef (estudiante de doctorado), Rosa M. Raich Escursell (profesor), Teresa Gutiérrez Rosado(profesor) ,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. El concepto de propia sexualidad se ha definido como una generalización cognitiva sobre los aspectos sexuales de uno mismo que se derivan de la experiencia pasada, que se manifiesta en la experiencia adquirida, y que influyen en el procesamiento de información social sexual, y en el comportamiento (Andersen y Cyranowski, 2010). El entrenamiento cognitivo-conductual (CBT) es un método que mejora estilo de identificación y el desafío de los pensamientos irracionales, así como la reducción y el cambio de comportamientos problemáticos. (Epocrates, 2014) Esta investigación pretende estudiar el efecto de la terapia cognitivo-conductual sexual para mejorar la autoestima sexual(incluyendo satisfacción sexual) en las mujeres casadas iraníes. Es un estudio experimental. La población de partida del presente estudio (N: 5000) consta de todas las mujeres casadas que han utilizado las instalaciones educativas municipales en Teherán. Los grupos de muestra (n: 90) fueron seleccionados mediante muestreo aleatorio. La evaluación se llevó a cabo con el Cuestionario multidimensional de Snell (MSSCQ) (1991) se realizó pre-, post-test y seguimiento de los dos grupos de intervención y control. Se utilizó la prueba estadística MIX ANOVA para analizar los datos. Los resultados del estudio son F (1, 79) = 5.148, P=0.001 and partial Eta squared= 0.063. La diferencia entre el grupo experimental y el control resulto significativa que mostraron que la intervención psicológica reforzó el el auto-concepto sexual.
Sexual self-concept has been defined as “cognitive generalizations about sexual aspects of oneself that are derived from past experience, manifest in current experience, influential in the processing of sexually relevant social information, and guide sexual behavior” (Andersen & Cyranowski, 1994, p. 1079) Cognitive-Behavioral (CBT) is an approach that improves lifestyle by identifying and challenging irrational thoughts as well as reducing and changing problematic behaviors (Epocrates, 2014). The main hypothesis states that Cognitive-Behavioral Sex Training will be effective in improving the Iranian women’s sexual self-concept. This research is an experimental study, with a statistical population comprising almost (N: 5000) married women who have used municipality educational facilities in Tehran. The sample group consists of (n: 90) randomly selected women and put into two intervention and control groups Snell's Multi-dimension Questionnaire (MSSCQ) (1991) was used in pre-, post- test and follow-up stages of two groups. The intervention group received eight sessions of cognitive behavioral sex training that researcher designed and performed it. The Mix-ANOVA is used to analyze the data. The results of the main hypothesis are F (1, 79) = 5.148, P=0.001 and partial Eta squared= 0.063 which show that there is a significant difference in means of the experimental and control groups. Thus, Cognitive- Behavioral Sex Training proved to improve sexual self-concept.

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21

Rismanchian, Omid. "Evidence-based spatial intervention for regeneration of deteriorating urban areas : a case of study from Tehran, Iran". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/8023.

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Throughout the urban development process over the last seven decades in Tehran, the capital city of Iran, many self-generated neighbourhoods have developed in which the majority of the residents are low-income families. On one hand, the main spatial attribute of these deprived neighbourhoods is spatial isolation from the surrounding, more affluent areas, which is accompanied by inadequate urban infrastructure and a lack of accessibility and permeability. On the other hand, the Tehran City Revitalisation Organisation - the governmental sector which is in charge of the deprived areas - is incapable of conducting urban regenerations without investment from the private sector, and is seeking methods to create ‘socio-economic stimulant zones’ to attract private sector participation in regeneration programmes. In this regard, this research investigates the notion of ‘spatial isolation’ which in return causes socio-economic isolation as highlighted in the literature. The research suggests that in order to develop feasible regeneration programmes, which can meet the interest of both people and government, and release the deprived area from isolation both spatially and socio-economically, the regeneration plans should focus on public open space developments as ‘socio-economic stimulant zones’. With regard to this idea, the research highlights the street as a ‘social arena’ – not arteries or thoroughfares – as the type of public open space in which its development could not only release the deprived areas from spatial isolation, but could also direct more pedestrian movement to and through the deprived neighbourhoods, making more opportunities for the creation of socio-economic interactions. In this respect, the theory of ‘natural movement’ and theories and literature of ‘integrated public open spaces’ form the theoretical framework of the research to support this idea. For further investigation, two case studies, one as the deprived area and one as the control area, have been chosen, and the spatial pattern of the city and the two cases have been analysed in regard to the notion of ‘spatial isolation’ through Space Syntax using Depthmap software and GIS. Also, the correlation between the distribution pattern of commercial land uses and syntactic measures across the city of Tehran is investigated to identify the potential streets in which to create commercial opportunities. Afterwards, in order to study the street life and the variety of activities the streets can afford, a few locally integrated streets in the deprived case have been chosen. At this stage, nineteen behaviours have been observed and classified in five major classes including the necessary, social, optional, hazardous, and occasional activities, and the correlation with syntactic measures are studied. Moreover, the methods of developing a route filtering system and a transformability index for identifying the most suitable streets for the creation of a pedestrian friendly network are discussed, using an example of a deprived area, integrating it with the surrounding urban fabric to create the ‘socio-economic stimulant zones’. The results show that by identifying the underlying spatial pattern of the urban fabric, it is possible to release the deprived areas from its spatial isolation through developing a street network without causing urban fragmentation. This approach could also form a cost-effective basis for developing a pedestrian friendly street network as one of the ‘socio-economic stimulant zones’, which the Tehran City Revitalisation Organisation is looking for; the type of streets that not only support the necessary activities and transportation, but could also facilitate socio-economic interaction.

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22

Zamani, Saman. "Prevalence of and factors associated with HIV-1 infection among drug users visiting treatment centers in Tehran, Iran". 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/144612.

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Kyoto University (京都大学)
0048
新制・課程博士
博士(社会健康医学)
甲第11788号
社医博第9号
新制||社医||3(附属図書館)
23528
UT51-2005-F818
京都大学大学院医学研究科社会健康医学系専攻
(主査)教授速水正憲, 教授川村孝, 教授中原俊隆
学位規則第4条第1項該当

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23

Rostami, Arian. "Marital satisfaction in relation to social support, coping, and quality of life in medical staff in Tehran, Iran". Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för socialt arbete, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-79478.

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Marital satisfaction is one of the main characteristics of a healthy family, and is known as an important predictor of overall quality of life. Stress is unavoidable in everyday life and it can affect marital relationships. Furthermore, employed married individuals encounter more stressors than do unmarried ones, especially when their jobs are demanding and stressful, such as working as medical professionals in hospitals. Applying effective coping strategies and receiving social support, especially from emotionally close persons, are protective factors which can help individuals deal with stress and buffer the negative effects of life stress on marital and life satisfaction. In the present cross-sectional investigation, marital satisfaction was studied in relation to socio-demographic variables, social support, ways of coping, and quality of life in medical staff in Tehran. Data were collected from 653 medical staff who worked in 12 hospitals affiliated with Tehran Medical University using socio-demographic questions, the ENRICH marital satisfaction questionnaire, the SF-36 questionnaire, the Social Support questionnaire, and the Ways of Coping questionnaire. The results indicated that marital satisfaction, quality of life and spousal support were significantly higher in men than women. Spousal support was significantly associated with marital satisfaction especially in women. Multiple regression analyses indicated that marital satisfaction, social support, and job satisfaction combined with socio-demographic variables explain between 12% and 28% of the variance in quality of life domains. Analysing the data with special focus on females revealed a significant negative relationship between subscales of marital satisfaction and using “seeking social support”, “confrontive coping”, “escape avoidance”, “distancing”, and “self-controlling” as ways of coping. Hierarchical regression analyses showed that job satisfaction, social support, and ways of coping explained between 24% and 38% of the variance in seven of the nine subscales of marital satisfaction. Therefore, focusing on the study findings could be helpful in promoting marital satisfaction and quality of life in married medical staff.

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24

Dargahi, Malellou Esmaeil. "L’espace public à Téhéran : analyse comparée de trois quartiers (ancien, moderne et informel)". Thesis, Rennes 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018REN20013/document.

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La problématique qui guide cette recherche est la suivante : quelles sont les dimensions principales de l’espace public en Iran et quelles sont les variations de cet espace public entre des quartiers de types ancien, moderne et informel à Téhéran ? Afin de comparer les caractères des espaces publics, nous avons choisi les trois types de quartiers ancien (Bazar), moderne (Shahrak-e-Gharb) et informel (Khak Sefid) présents à Téhéran. L’examen selon la méthode présentée (documents, observations personnelles, questionnaires et interviews), nous a permis de conclure que les réponses obtenues à partir de ces travaux confirment que le quartier du Bazar se caractérise par d’importantes interactions sociales du fait de son rayonnement commercial et religieux, en dépit d’une structure vétuste. Le quartier moderne de Shahrak-e-Gharb assure une fonctionnalité propice à des espaces publics programmés, mais l’omniprésence de l’automobile et l’absence de fonctions supérieures y limitent les échanges à l’échelle du quartier. Enfin, malgré l’absence d’espaces aménagés, le quartier informel de Khak Sefid n’est pas dénué d’interactions sociales. Les enjeux d’aménagement des espaces publics différent donc nécessairement en fonction de leurs caractéristiques physiques, économiques et socio-culturelles propres que nous avons tenté de mettre en évidence dans cette thèse
The problematic that guides this research is as follows: what are the main dimensions of the public space in Iran and what are the variations of this public space between old, modern and informal neighborhoods in Tehran? In order to compare the characters of the public spaces, we chose the 3 types of old neighborhood (Bazar), modern (Shahrak-e-Gharb) and informal (Khak Sefid) present in Tehran. Examination according to the method presented (documents, personal observations, questionnaires and interviews), allowed us to conclude that the answers obtained from this work confirm that the Bazar district is characterized by important interactions, because of its commercial and religious influence, despite its antiquated structure. The modern district of Shahrak-e-Gharb provides functionality for planned public spaces, but the omnipresence of the automobile and the lack of superior functions limit the exchanges on a neighborhood scale. Finally, despite the lack of developed spaces, the informal Khak Sefid neighborhood is not devoid of social interaction. The challenges of planning public spaces therefore necessarily differ according to their specific physical, economic and socio-cultural characteristics that we have tried to highlight in this thesis

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25

Shakibi, Negin. "A proposed framework for analyzing the spatial organization of urban open space networks : case studies: Tehran and Isfahan, Iran". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/52393.

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Urban Open Spaces (UOS) are among fundamental urban elements that can have a profound effect on the quality of social life and on the physical and/or mental health of citizens. UOS system is composed of individual components and a network that connects these spaces. UOS system, just as any other sustainable systems, should be more than the sum of its parts and should exhibit interdependence among its components. Therefore, there is a need to study these individual UOS as interconnected elements and, in other words, as part of a network. To date, most studies have focused on the quality of UOS as individual urban elements. Studies specific to the role of public participation on design and the planning of certain UOS, quality and quantity assessments of certain case studies, and behavioral studies are all good examples of current studies on UOS. However, a holistic view of these spaces as connected urban elements is missing from most urban studies. The UOS networks of some Iranian cities such as Tehran and Isfahan have faced numerous changes through time. While some cities such as Isfahan have had the opportunity to adapt to new conditions, these sudden changes have caused some abnormalities in the UOS networks of other cities such as Tehran. Moreover, the cultural and historical sensitivities of these cities amplify the complexity and importance of analyzing the UOS network. Despite the need to study UOS networks, only a few of the valuable studies conducted in Iran have addressed the importance of UOS as connected networks of individual elements. Therefore, the aim of this study is to illustrate an attempt to fill in some of that gap by proposing a framework for analyzing the spatial organization of the UOS networks. This Spatial Analysis Framework (SAF) focuses on how individual UOS connect, interact and interdepend upon one another at a greater spatial scale. Finally, using the proposed SAF, the UOS networks of two selected case studies from the historic cores of Tehran and Isfahan have been analyzed and compared. The results of this analysis have been used to refine the proposed SAF.
Applied Science, Faculty of
Architecture and Landscape Architecture (SALA), School of
Graduate

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26

Mahmoudkalayeh, Ehsan. "Migrants, mobility and urban low-income housing in developing countries : a case study of squatter settlement in Tehran - Iran". Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.281946.

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27

Kamal, Melissa. "A content analysis of elite U.S. newspapers' coverage of Iran, 1979 and 2005". Master's thesis, Orlando, Fla. : University of Central Florida, 2010. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/CFE0003077.

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28

Tello, Roberto. "RAPPROCHEMENT: THE NECESSARY ENGAGEMENT WITH THE ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN". Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2008. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4271.

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This study examines the decision making process in Washington which led to the current non-existence of political and economic relations between the Islamic Republic of Iran and the United States. The study examines the U.S.-Iran relationship at three levels-of-analysis: the individual, state, and system levels. From a geopolitical perspective, Iran and the United States have often been natural allies that pursued similar policy goals. After 9/11, the U.S. entered Afghanistan and Iraq which further necessitated the reengagement of Tehran. Iranian regional clout would play a vital role in stabilization of Iraq and Afghanistan and without Iran's assistance; peace will not likely be realized in those states. Amongst the most compelling reasons for Washington to engage in meaningful dialogue with Tehran are: terrorism, the war on drugs, the Iranian sponsorship of militant groups, and Tehran's pursuit of a nuclear program. The study concludes that rapprochement should occur in two phases. The first being cooperation in areas of mutual concern such as the war on drugs. The second phase promoting confidence building methods, which would lead to a strategic partnership based on mutual interests.
M.A.
Department of Political Science
Sciences
Political Science MA

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29

Asadzadeh, Asad [Verfasser]. "Conceptualizing the concept of disaster resilience: a hybrid approach in the context of earthquake hazard : case study of Tehran City, Iran / Asad Asadzadeh". Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1135724741/34.

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30

Nasseh, Lotf Abadi Mozhdeh. "Social support, coping, and self-esteem in relation to psychosocial factors : A study of health issues and birth weight in young mothers in Tehran, Iran". Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för socialt arbete, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-61402.

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Introduction: Generally, pregnancy is considered to be a positive period in life in Iranian culture. For the parents, it is important to have a healthy pregnancy and, as a result, a healthy child. A sufficient birth weight of the infant represents one of the crucial conditions of a healthy development of a child during infancy as well as later in life. Ongoing research has been carried out regarding various medical factors related to birth weight, but there is a gap in knowledge about psychosocial factors such as social support, coping, self-esteem, stress and mother’s mental health, and various socio-demographic factors including domestic violence, which may lead to adverse pregnancy outcomes such as low birth weight. This thesis aims to provide knowledge to fill this gap. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Tehran, Iran, including 600 young mothers who had delivered in Akbarabadi hospital, one of the main gynaecological hospitals affiliated with Tehran University of Medical Sciences. The investigation included a self-developed socio-demographic form, the Social Support Questionnaire, the Ways of Coping Checklist, Rosenberg’s Self-Esteem Scale, the General Health Questionnaire-12, and a Life Event Checklist. Results: We could not find a significant association between birth weight and mother’s level of education, and there was no substantial relationship between general mental health and birth weight. Verbal abuse was reported by 26.0% of the young mothers, 4.8% reported physical abuse, 5.5% reported sexual abuse, and 1.3% reported all three types of abuse. The abuse-index was significantly negatively associated with satisfaction with social support and with self-esteem. The higher the abuse-index, by trend, the lower was the infants’ birth weight. Weight before pregnancy, current weight, weight gain during pregnancy, and the number of prenatal care visits were significantly positively associated with the weight of the newborn. Mothers who reported having a history of a low birth-weight (LBW) child or were physically abused during pregnancy had infants with significant lower birth weight. The more the pregnant women were satisfied with their social support and the more often they used positive reappraisal as a way of coping, the higher was their infants’ birth weight. The higher the self-esteem, the less often they used escape avoidance and confrontive coping. Conclusion: The results suggest the importance of relationships between a healthy pregnancy and psychosocial as well as socio-demographic factors. Providing pregnant women with social support is a key component for a healthy pregnancy, especially when faced with stressful situations. The number of people available for support did not provide a significant buffering effect on domestic violence (DV), but the perceived quality of social support did. Higher education in the mother and husband, and women’s employment represented protective conditions against the occurrence of DV. Women who reported physical abuse during pregnancy had infants with lower birth weight. Satisfaction with social support and use of positive reappraisal were significantly associated with higher birth weight.

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31

TAVAKOLITARGHI, HOSSEIN. "Health Club". Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Genova, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11567/1007681.

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Wellbeing or health includes providing complete physical, mental and social welfare for human beings. According to WHO’s definition, wellbeing is not only lack of disease or other problems in the body, but is lack of any mental, social, and economical problems, and physical health for everyone in society. The most important health’s indications consist of: 1) Lack of disease and organ defects, which doesn’t keep people from doing daily activities and earning money 2) To have enough strength do daily activities. 3) Maintain body weight, apart from growth period ( a healthy person’s weight is always changeless) 4) Balanced appetite, not too much and not too. Individual should have appetite to receive the least necessary food items. 5) Enough sleep and rest. A healthy individual must get enough and scheduled sleep hours. Many people need 8 hours of sleep. But it is not the same for everyone 6) Harmony in vital processes; human body is like a systematic and automatic that has do its function in time and well. 7) Non prominent body organs. A healthy individual never notices his body organs, unless there is a physical or mental impairment. 8) Feeling light. In normal situation, a healthy individual doesn’t feel any weight for himself. 9) Intention to do daily activities. Healthy individual mustn’t feel uncomfortable when doing these activities. 10) Retrieve comfort. Anyone who does a chore gets tired after a while; but a healthy individual retrieves his comfort after a short rest.

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32

Mansouri, Maryam Alsadat. "Études esthétiques du paysage urbain téhéranais : espaces, visions, pratiques, expériences". Thesis, Paris 10, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA100006.

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Flottant dans un va-et-vient entre l’architecture et l’urbanisme traditionnel du pays et celui moderniste, importé des pays occidentaux, Téhéran est souvent reconnue comme une ville désordonnée, sans identité, bruyante, aux paysages insignifiants. La question que se posent alors les acteurs urbains est comment en faire une ville plus belle, plus agréable, plus appréciée par les habitants ? Depuis les années postrévolutionnaires (1979) l’Agence d’Embellissement de la Ville de Téhéran, instance municipale, s’est intéressée à répondre à ce questionnement par des initiatives visant à esthétiser la capitale iranienne par l’injection de couleurs, de lumières, de monuments, de végétation, de constructions. Toutefois, la diversité des interventions et des approches adoptées et la dissemblance entre elles et avec l’entité urbaine de la ville, nous laissent formuler l’hypothèse que pour la gestion urbaine téhéranaise, l’esthétisation de la ville consiste à l’enchanter, à y jeter une touche de beauté, de magie, de charme. Mais finalement, ne serait-ce pas plutôt question de désenchantement à Téhéran ? Sur une période de quarante ans débutant en 1979 avec un appui sur la dernière décade, la thèse s’est intéressée à une sélection d’interventions municipales revendiquant l’esthétisation urbaine, partant du constat que les critères d’esthétisation urbaine à Téhéran tendent vers une approche décorative et uniquement objective. L’analyse des huit cas étudiés se base sur une réflexion théorique autour de l’esthétisation urbaine et pointe la relation sensible de l’usager avec l’espace esthétisé. Ainsi, une méthode d’analyse esthétique qui met en avant les valeurs produites par l’intervention urbaine que nous reconnaissons d’esthétisation par l’expérience (se distinguant d’autres modes d’esthétisation urbaine) a été développée, rapprochant la « théorie de la valuation » du philosophe pragmatiste John Dewey avec la locution « processus d’esthétisation. » Selon une volonté d’améliorer qualitativement l’espace urbain, en mobilisant plusieurs dispositifs, l’esthétisation urbaine par l’expérience qui est un processus, contribue à l’acquisition d’une expérience esthétique par la fabrication de valeur
Floating in a back and forth between the architecture and the traditional urbanism of the country and the modernist, imported from Western countries, Tehran is often recognized as an identity-less disordered noisy city, with insignificant landscapes. The question then asked by urban actors is how to make the city more beautiful, more pleasant, more appreciated by the inhabitants? Since the post-revolutionary years (1979), the Beautification Agency of the City of Tehran, a municipal body, has been interested in answering this questioning with initiatives aimed at aestheticizing the Iranian capital by injecting colors, lights, monuments, vegetation, buildings. However, the diversity of interventions and approaches adopted and the dissimilarity between them and with the urban entity of the city, let us formulate the hypothesis that for Tehran urban management, the aestheticization of the city consists in enchanting it, to throw a touch of beauty, magic, charm. But finally, wouldn’t it be more a question of disenchantment in Tehran?Over a period of forty years beginning in 1979 with support over the last decade, the thesis focused on a selection of municipal interventions claiming urban aesthetics, based on the observation that the criteria of urban aestheticization in Tehran tend towards a decorative and objective approach. The analysis of the eight case studies is based on a theoretical reflection around the urban aestheticization and points the sensitive relationship of the user with the aestheticized space. Thus, a method of aesthetic analysis that highlights the values produced by the urban intervention that we recognize as aestheticization by experience (distinguished from other modes of urban aestheticization) has been developed, bringing the “theory of the evaluation” of the pragmatist philosopher John Dewey with the locution "process of aestheticization”. According to a desire to improve qualitatively the urban space, by mobilizing several urban devices, aestheticization through experience, which is a process, contributes to the acquisition of an aesthetic experience through the production of value

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33

Khalili, Mahmoudreza [Verfasser], Rudolf [Akademischer Betreuer] Schäfer, Rudolf [Gutachter] Schäfer, Frank [Gutachter] Schwartze e Peter [Gutachter] Berten. "Regional planning and the energy efficiency purposes : case of Tehran region in Iran / Mahmoudreza Khalili ; Gutachter: Rudolf Schäfer, Frank Schwartze, Peter Berten ; Betreuer: Rudolf Schäfer". Berlin : Technische Universität Berlin, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1165650355/34.

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34

Teimouri, Mahmoud. "D'une pensée moderniste à une approche paysagère : étude du rôle de l'identité dans les approches de rénovation urbaine à Téhéran contemporain (depuis la fondation de l' organisation de la rénovation urbaine de Téhéran en 1975)". Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010550/document.

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La présente thèse se propose d'évaluer le rôle de l'identité urbaine dans les évolutions des approches de la rénovation urbaine en Iran et à Téhéran contemporain. La Partie I examine les fondements théoriques dont l'identité et l'identité du lieu, ainsi que leur rôle dans l'histoire de la civilisation iranienne. Le chapitre 1 présente une analyse des pensées des philosophes irano-musulmans pour déterminer un cadre pour le concept de l'identité. Le chapitre 3 se servira de ce cadre conceptuel pour obtenir les critères d'évaluation de l'identité de la ville. La Partie II est consacrée aux expériences de la rénovation urbaine dans le monde et présentera une image générale de l'évolution historique des tendances identitaires. La Partie III examine les politiques identitaires, les programmes, la législation et les plans de rénovations urbaines pendant l'histoire contemporaine de l'Iran. Le but est de présenter les courants d'idées identitaires dans le domaine de la rénovation urbaine. La Partie IV se concentre sur l'étude de trois grands projets de rénovation à Téhéran, pour évaluer les évolutions des approches de rénovation, du point de vue de l'attention portée à la question de l'identité. La thèse présentée est la suivante : l'identité urbaine a toujours été l'un des défis principaux des projets de rénovation urbaine en Iran et à Téhéran, et a joué un rôle déterminant dans les changements des approches. Pour accéder à une identité urbaine convenable à Téhéran, de nombreuses approches ont été expérimentées ; du recours aux méthodes modernistes se focalisant sur les aspects physiques, à l'approche de la théorie du paysage, se fondant sur la construction du lieu
This thesis evaluates the role of identity in changing urban renovation approaches in contemporary Iran and Tehran. The first part as theoretical bases deals with the concepts of identity, place identity and its importance in the civilization history of Iran. In the first chapter, the framework of the concept of identity in the culture of Iran is developed by the content analysis of the main Iranian-Islamic philosophers' view. In the third chapter, the criteria of evaluating place identity and its functions are investigated by using this framework and analyzing theoreticians' views. In the second part, the experiences of urban renovation in the world are studied and dominant approaches are introduced. In the third part, while identifying identity policies, development programs, regulations and urban plans are evaluated in three main periods of the contemporary history of Iran. The result of this part is identifying currents claiming identity in the urban renovation of Iran comparing the change of their tendencies towards its universal evolution. In the fourth part, renovation approaches in Tehran and the change of their tendencies towards urban identity are evaluated by focusing on three case studies of the main renovation projects in Tehran. Finally, the conclusion was drawn that urban identity has been suggested as one of the main challenges of urban renovation in Iran and Tehran and has had a determining rote in changing renovation approaches. Various approaches are examined to achieve the desirable urban identity in Tehran that their evolution is started from frame-oriented modernistic methods and is ended in landscape approach based on place making

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Alkan, Yirci Çiğdem. "Emerging sandfly-borne phleboviruses in Turkey, Iran, and Algeria : Virus isolation, characterization, evolution, and epidemiology". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM5008.

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Circulation des Phlébovirus en Turquie, l'Iran et l'Algérie a été étudiée. L'isolement, la caractérisation génomique, les relations phylogénétiques de six virus ont été présentées: le virus Adana (ADAV), deux souches de virus Toros (TORV), le virus Zerdali (ZERV) de la Turquie; le virus Dashli (DASHV) de l'Iran; le virus Toscana (TOSV) d'Algérie. Cette étude a commencé avec la collection de 38,131 phlébotomes de la nature. La méthode de séquençage de nouvelle génération (NGS) à haut débit nous à été utilisée pour l’analyse des génomes complet des virus isoles. En conclusion, cette étude a d'importantes contributions sur phlébovirus négligées. Voici quelques-unes des contributions significatives; (i) ZERV et TORV qui sont étroitement apparentés au virus Tehran (THEV) et le virus Corfou (CFUV), respectivement, ont été isolés depuis 56 et 30 ans des premiers isolements de THEV et CFUV, respectivement, (ii) Détection du virus ADAV un animal domestique et sur quelques sérums humain par test de neutralisation. Ce virus ADAV constitue avec le virus le virus (SALV), le virus Arbia (ARBV), et le virus (ADRV) le groupe Salehabad. Seul le virus ADRV a été détectée dans le liquide cérébro-spinal auparavant landais que avec les autres, aucune preuve pathogène n’a été détectée, (iii) Nous avons découvert la plus récente circulation phlébovirus en Iran après 56 années, (iv) TOSV a été isolé en Algérie pour la première fois et la circulation a été confirmée par séropositivités dans le sérum humain
Sandfly-borne phlebovirus circulation in Turkey, Iran, and Algeria was investigated. The isolation, genomic characterization, phylogenetic relationships of 6 viruses was presented: Adana virus (ADAV), two strains of Toros virus (TORV), Zerdali virus (ZERV) from Turkey; Dashli virus (DASHV) from Iran; Toscana virus (TOSV) from Algeria. This study has begun with the collection of 38,131 sandflies from nature. The well established, high-throughput methodology was applied for the discovery of viruses including PCR tools and cell culture methods. Next generation sequencing (NGS) technology facilitated to perform complete genome analysis of the isolated viruses. In conclusion, this study has contributions to the neglected sandfly-borne phlebovirus group and filled some gaps about the circulation of these agents in Turkey, Iran, and Algeria. Following are some significant contributions; (i) ZERV and TORV which are closely related to Tehran virus (THEV) and Corfou virus (CFUV), respectively were isolated after 56 and 30 years of the first isolations of THEV and CFUV, respectively, (ii) There was no evidence of the pathogenicity of Salehabad virus (SALV) and Arbia virus (ARBV) except the detection of Adria virus (ADRV) in CSF until ADAV which belongs to the Salehabad serocomplex was detected in domestic animal and very few human sera by neutralization assay, (iii) We have discovered the most recent sandfly-borne phlebovirus circulation in Iran after 56 years, (iv) TOSV was isolated in Algeria for the first time and circulation was confirmed by seropositivities in human sera

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Esmail, Zoheir Ali. "Between philosophy and ʿIrfān : interpreting Mullā Ṣadrā from the Qajars to Post-Revolutionary Iran". Thesis, University of Exeter, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/22976.

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This thesis examines the interpretive tradition of Mullā Ṣadrā in the context of the schools of Tehran and Qum. Mullā Ṣadrā’s transcendental philosophy (al-ḥikmah al-mutaʿālīyah or ḥikmat) avails itself to a number of readings; however, this thesis focuses on the philosophical and mystical (ʿirfānī) readings in terms of their development, transmission and their impact on how ḥikmat is understood in the modern Iranian seminary (ḥawza). The way in which a text is read in the ḥawza has great implications for the development of ideas, as the ḥawza uses a text based system to train students in a particular field. While both readings were studied by the majority of transcendental philosophers (ḥukamāʾ) in the school of Tehran, the school of Qum saw a greater separation between the readings and I show that for a number of reasons, including the introduction of seminal texts written by ʿAllāmah Ṭabāṭabāʾī, a preference developed for a more philosophical reading of transcendental philosophy. I examine evidence for the different preferences of the ḥukamāʾ for either a more philosophical or ʿirfānī reading of ḥikmat through an examination of their writings on the subjects of existence (wujūd), guardianship (walāyah) and resurrection (maʿād) which act as case studies. The theoretical implications of both approaches are examined in each chapter as well as their interdependence. The schools of Tehran and Qum built on Mullā Ṣadrā’s framework and provided new interpretations of important issues. Apart from the intricate discussions on the core aspects of ḥikmat, Muḥammad Riżā Qumshihī’s masterful examination of the Seal of the Saints and ʿAlī Mudarris Zunūzī’s philosophy of bodily resurrection are examples of a thriving interpretive tradition in Iran and constitute significant developments of important philosophical and ʿirfānī concepts from the ideas of their predecessors.

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37

Sohrabi, Narciss M. "La Révolution Iranienne et les espaces publics à Téhéran". Thesis, Paris 10, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA100069/document.

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Le début du XXe siècle est marqué pour les Iraniens par un ensemble de réflexions et par de profonds changements dans leurs besoins et leurs attentes. Les sources de ces changements sont de deux ordres : le pétrole et la Constitution. Le pétrole en tant que richesse sortie de terre a été la cause de nombreux débats et mutations en Iran et au Moyen-Orient. La Constitution est considérée comme l’une des raisons de l’évolution de la pensée iranienne sur les questions de société et de liberté individuelle et collective. Elle a entraîné des réflexions et des transformations sur des sujets tels que la liberté, les valeurs nationales, les valeurs religieuses.Au milieu du XXe siècle, la ville de Téhéran, capitale de l’Iran, a connu des formes nouvelles avec des modifications dans la structure du pouvoir et des changements idéologiques dus à des volontés politiques. Quant aux conditions politiques et sociales, au cours de certaines périodes, le contrôle et l’exercice du pouvoir sur les espaces publics se sont rapidement radicalisés. Ces transformations se reflètent sur les espaces publics (culturels, éducatifs, religieux). Si l’État était favorable à la modernisation, des espaces modernes se formaient. Si l’État prônait l’expansion de la culture islamique, les espaces religieux devenaient prioritaires. Parmi les périodes importantes, citons celle de la Révolution islamique de 1978-1979 qui a cherché à nier les structures déjà formées et qui a souhaité créer une nouvelle forme de société. Les premières années après la révolution, puis les années de guerre entre l’Iran et l’Irak (1980-1988) constituent la période où les révolutionnaires se sont consacrés à réaliser « la Bible » de leur révolution. Cet ensemble de théorisations a influencé directement ou indirectement la structure de la société urbaine. Aujourd’hui, trois décennies après ces profonds bouleversements, après une période de « convalescence », on accorde moins d’importance à la Révolution islamique. Depuis, Nous avons été donc été témoins de grandes évolutions dans la structure du pouvoir ainsi que dans la gestion et le contrôle de l’espace.Afin d’étudier l’ensemble de ces transformations et le rôle de la population dans l’acceptation ou le refus de ces changements, nous avons étudié trois quartiers de Téhéran ayant différentes structures sociales, économiques et politiques. Le comportement, les valeurs et les besoins des habitants de chacun de ces quartiers se traduisent dans une dialectique entre ces habitants et le pouvoir. À l’échelle de la ville, nous nous intéressons aux espaces culturels publics et aux processus de leurs transformations au cours des années qui ont précédé et suivi la Révolution islamique
The 20th century for Iranian people was involved with various changes and challenges in terms of needs and expectations. The changes in needs were rooted in two completely different sources: oil and Mashrote. The oil as a blessing gift from ground was the source of changes and challenges in Iran and Midealeast and the Mashrote was the initiation source of thinking transformation about society and individual and group freedom among Iranian population which was followed by the numerous movement and challenges such as freedom, national and religious values.In the length of 20th century, Tehran as the capital city of Iran along with every change in the structure of government as well as every Ideology changes has experienced new forms which were influenced by the commands and desires of authorities. Depended to social-political changes, the authority’s power exercising in some duration increased and in some cases decrease and the influences of this ideological movement gradually reflected in social and cultural spaces of society. In the case that government tended to modernization, the modern spaces were formed and if the government was following the Islamic culture, the religious spaces got more attention.One of the critical durations was Islamic Revelation of 1978 which was putting a lot of efforts to negate the past durations and trying to establish the new form of society. The first years of Islamic Republic which was followed by the war between Iran and Iraq were the years that revolutionaries was trying to uphold the Islamic revelation rules. All these direct and indirect rules had effects on social city. Now after three decades of huge changes, the revelation convalescence has passed and we are witness of changes and transformations in government structure as well as management and control of spaces.To assess the ensemble of changes and the people positions in acceptance or ignorance of these changes, three districts with different social, economic and political structures were selected where Beryânak- Haft Chenar, Nârmak, Shahrak-e Gharb the behavior, values and the needs of residence of each district will be considered as a dialectical between residences and authorities. In city scale, the cultural and public spaces and their changes trend before and after of Islamic revolution were investigated
شروع قرن بیستم برای ایرانیان ، حامل چالش ها، تغییرات در زمینه نیازها و انتظارات بود، این تغییر خواسته هایدو سرچشمه کاملا متفاوت داشتند: نفت و مشروطه. نفت به عنوان نعمتی که از زمین می جوشید و سرچشمهتحولات و چالش های متفاوتی در ایران و خاورمیانه را در بر داشت، و مشروطیت که باعث تغییر و تحول در تفکرایرانیان نسبت به جامعه و آزادی های فردی و جمعی محسوب می شود، مشروطیتی که جنبش ها و چالش های بیشماری در پی داشت ، آزادی،ارزش های ملی یا ارزش های دینی .در طی سالهای قرن بیستم شهر تهران، پایتخت ایران ،با هر تغییر ساختار قدرت ، یعنی با هر تغییر ایده لوژی ، تحتتاثیر خواسته های دولتمردان ، فرمی جدیدی از اعمال فشار را تجربه کرده است. بسته به تغییر شرایط سیاسی اجتماعی در دوره هایی این کنترل و اعمال قدرت بر فضاهای عمومی رادیکال تر شده است و در بازه های زمانیکمتر. تاثیر تحولات ایدولوژیک بر فضاهای مرتبط با ساختار فرهنگی و جامعه بازتاب یافته است . اگر دولت بهدنبال مدرنیزاسیون بود، فضا های مدرن شکل می گرفتند و اگر به د نبال اشاعه فرهنگ اسلامی بود ، فضاهای مذهبیمورد توجه قرار گرفته اند.از دوره های حساس و قابل بحث ، انقلاب اسلامی سال 7531 بود که سعی در نفیساختارهای شکل گرفته در دوره های پیش از خود و در پی ایجاد فرم جدیدی از جامعه بود . اولین سالهای پس از حاکمشدن نظام جمهوری اسلامی و در پی آن جنگ مابین ایران و عراق بود ، که دهه اول پس از انقلاب را در بر می گیرد، مجموعه سالهایی بودند که انقلابیون در پی اجرای انجیل انقلابشان بودند. این مجموعه اعمال نظرها به طور مسقیم وغیر مستقیم بر کالبد و اجتماع شهری موثر بودند. در حال حاضر با گذشت بیش از سه دهه از این تحول عظیم ، دورهنقاهت پس از انقلاب اسلامی سپری شده است و در طی این سه دهه شاهد تغییر ، تحول و دگرگونی های در ساختارقدرت و نحوه اداره، مدیریت و کنترل فضای عمومی بوده ایم . برای بررسی مجموعه این تغییرات و جایگاه مردم،در رد یا قبول این تغییرات، سه محله با ساختار اجتماعی، اقتصادی و سیاسی متفاوت با نام های بریانک -هفتچنار، نارمک و شهرک غرب را انتخاب و بررسی نموده ایم . در طی این تحقیق در صدد تحلیل فرم فضا، نحوهتعریف فضای عمومی، ارزش ها و نیازهای ساکنین هر یک از این سه محله در مقیاس خرد پرداختیم .در مقیاس شهربه بررسی فضاهای فرهنگی عمومی و روند تغییراتشان در سالهای پیش از انقلاب اسلامی و پس از آن در مقیاسکلان پرداختیم. چراکه فضای عمومی را عرصه دیالکتیک میان ساکنین و قدرت می شناسیم، خواه در مقیاس محله،خواه در مقیاس یک شهر

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Ghazi-Isfahani, Fereshteh. "Developing a masters curriculum for University of Welfare and Rehabilitation in Tehran/Iran by exploring social support and social network in Iranian women with children under school age". Thesis, Middlesex University, 2008. http://eprints.mdx.ac.uk/3453/.

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The purpose of this project was to: • Develop a postgraduate curriculum for Health care professionals to be used by University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation (USWR) in Iran based on the needs of mothers in Iran. The developed curriculum used selected findings of research completed by me who explored social support and family networks offered to Iranian women with children under the school age. • Create a research data base for information to be use by all researchers on women and women health by students who will be taking the created curriculum during their research and dissertation modules in USWR in Iran. The research conducted used mixed methodology approach /triangulation by means of both qualitative and quantitative research methods. A focus group was employed to gain information and further understanding to the meaning of social support and family network from perspectives of those mothers. Following the focus group a questionnaire was devised in conclusion with the findings of the focus group which were building blocks for the questionnaire and informed by literature. Six hundred questionnaires were distributed surveying mothers of three different social classes, living in various parts of Tehran. The questionnaires were distributed at a number of health care clinics using purposive sampling technique. The inclusion criteria for the selection of the research category, was that the mothers had to have a child/children under the school age, and in addition be willing to complete the questionnaire in the clinic. Following the survey 24 self selected mothers from the same group were asked to commence on documenting a two week diary. They were provided with guidelines and instructions on how to complete the diaries. The resulting quantitative data was analysed with the use of SPSS and the qualitative data used narrative data analysis arriving at themes. The two sets of data were crossed referenced for outcomes, in order to comprehend the general data collected and form triangulation conclusions. Recommendation was made for future research.

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39

Rahbar, Davoud. "Environmental impact assessment for underground railways :case studies : the Tehran Underground Railway in Iran, the Bakerloo line (London Underground Railway) in U.K. and the Hong Kong Underground Railway". Thesis, University of Salford, 1997. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/26870/.

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Urban transport is a component of social and economic activities and underground railway development is now accepted, for large cities throughout the world, as being vital for urban public transport. The impact of underground railway transport on the environment has become increasingly important during recent years. This research shows how essential Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is in the planning and development of under- ground railway projects. The thesis shows how EIA methods provide those bodies responsible for urban transport with the basic techniques to enable them to carry out best environmental practice and to prevent adverse local impact. Three case studies were undertaken:- The Tehran Metro in the capital of Iran, the Bakerloo Line (London Underground, U.K.) and the Hong Kong Metro. The thesis demonstrated how the study was conducted with material and data gathered by observation and survey from the field and comprehensive questionnaires, and from scientific papers, documents, reports and other related literature sources. The thesis shows how EIA principles and techniques are employed through the use of checklists and Leopold's matrices in the identification and analysis of impacts caused by underground railways in both their construction and operational phases. The results of the data collected during this research are analyzed and discussed. Recommendations are made for the use of EIA techniques in assessing and possibly mitigating the adverse environmental effects of underground railways.

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40

Parsapajouh, Sepideh. "Humanisation de l’espace et solidarités dans deux quartiers populaires de Téhéran et de Paris". Thesis, Paris 10, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA100123.

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Basée sur la méthode d’observation ethnographique suivant une approche emic, cette étude a pour objet l’humanisation de l’espace et l’invention des formes de solidarité à travers les pratiques minimes de la vie quotidienne. Cette recherche a commencé sur le terrain d’Islamâbâd, un quartier auto-construit qui fut d’abord un bidonville, situé en banlieue de Téhéran, habité par une population précaire issue de l’exode rural. Une étude compréhensive a porté sur tous les aspects de la vie de ce quartier. Puis le parcours personnel de la chercheuse l’a conduite à un nouveau terrain, le quartier parisien de Saint Blaise, marqué par de grands ensembles de logements et une population, souvent immigrée, vivant des minimas sociaux. On s’est alors demandé ce qu’il en était de la solidarité et de l’appropriation de l’espace dans la capitale française d’aujourd’hui. Cette recherche a ainsi pris la forme d’une étude comparative des pratiques quotidiennes d’interaction dans deux systèmes étatiques et sociaux aussi différents que l’Iran et la France. Les résultats montrent que les usages de la solidarité, exemplairement la relation don/contre-don, et les efforts d’appropriation de l’espace, sont caractéristiques de ces deux sociétés, en dépit de toutes leurs différences sensibles
Based on the methods of ethnographic observation and according to an emic approach, this study is meant to understand the humanization of space and the invention of the forms of solidarity through the tiny practices of the everyday life. This research started on the field of Islamâbâd, a self constructed community which was initially a shantytown, located in suburbs of Teheran, inhabited by a precarious population resulting from the rural migration. This is a whole study related to all of the aspects of the life of this community. Then the personal experience of the researcher led her to a new field: the Parisian community of Saint Blaise, marked by great public and social housing with an often immigrant population living of the social minimums. One of the questions was about the signification of the solidarity and appropriation of space in the actual situation of French capital. This research thus took the form of a comparative study of the everyday practices of interaction in two official and social systems as different as Iran and France. The results show that the uses of solidarity, particularly the relation “don/contre-don”, and the efforts of appropriation of space, are characteristic of these two societies in spite of all their obvious differences

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41

Shalchi, Marzieh. "The Emergence of Shopping Centers and the Synchronic Continuity of the Tajrish Traditional Bazaar : A Comparative Study of the Tajrish Traditional Bazaar and the Ghaem and Tandiis Modern Shopping Centers (Tehran) and their Relationship". Phd thesis, Conservatoire national des arts et metiers - CNAM, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00814273.

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The invasion and succession in cities is a phenomenon that affects the functions of thebazaar. Heavy traffic in downtown areas, air pollution in cities, the transformation of thestructure of economic activities, the flow of immigrants on the market, the transfer of certainfunctions of the bazaar to commercial companies and etc all this has created problems forthe bazaar. In the present decades, "Bazaar" has faced a new and distinguishable rival in Iran.Every day "Shopping Centers" are spreading all over regions in Iranian cities. They are as asymbol of the extension of consumerism and the occurrence of a consumer society andglobalization. These places represent youth subcultures and cultural challenges against thehegemony at national level. Will the bazaar tolerate and survive these changes, or has italready been eliminated from the urban cycle? Will it coexist with this urban monument orwill it be eliminated?

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42

Deladerriere, Loup. "De la gouvernance de l'air aux transformations socio-urbaines à Téhéran et à Mexico". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, EHESS, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024EHES0018.

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Cette thèse propose d’interroger l’évolution de la gouvernance de l’environnement et des sociétés à partir de l’étude des politiques de lutte contre la pollution atmosphérique à Téhéran et à Mexico. Si la pollution de l’air représente un problème de santé publique majeur (4,2 millions de décès prématurés en 2019 selon l’OMS), son exposition et ses conséquences sont inégalement réparties. Au Mexique comme en Iran, l’institutionnalisation de ce problème sanitaire, environnemental, social et politique soulève de nombreux problèmes de gouvernance qui renouvellent les inégalités spatiales et socio-environnementales entre les centres et les périphéries. La mise en place de lois, normes, outils et restrictions transforment également l’urbain et questionnent l’évolution du Droit à la ville. Les enjeux environnementaux offrent enfin de nouveaux arguments aux autorités pour intervenir sur l’urbain et en reprendre le contrôle - ce qui soulève des résistances protéiformes. Les problématiques environnementales interrogent non seulement les questions d’égalité et de justice mais aussi de démocratie et de liberté
This thesis examines the evolution of environmental and social governance through the study of air pollution control policies in Tehran and Mexico City. While air pollution represents a major public health problem (4.2 million premature deaths in 2019 according to the WHO), its exposure and consequences are unevenly distributed. In Mexico, as in Iran, the institutionalization of this health, environmental, social and political problem raises numerous governance issues that renew spatial and socio-environmental inequalities between centers and peripheries. The implementation of laws, standards, tools and restrictions is also transforming the urban environment, and calling into question the evolution of the Right to the City. Finally, environmental issues offer new arguments for authorities to intervene in the urban environment and regain control of it - a move that raises protean resistance. It's not just a question of equality and justice, but also of democracy and freedom, that environmental issues seem to raise

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43

Seyed, Moomen Kashi Mohammad. "Les aspects anthropologiques de l'exode rural en Iran (le cas de Teheran)". Nice, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NICE2004.

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En Iran, le pays a connu des réformes et des projets de développement importants qui ont engendré des modifications aà tous les niveaux de la société : ce thème de développement en Iran était sous-tendu avant la révolution de février 1978 par les problèmes de la dislocation de la structure traditionnelle socio-économique. L'une des conséquences les plus apparentes de cette dislocation structurelle c'est le déplacement massif des ruraux vers les centres urbains. Selon l'estimation du ministère du plan et du budget iranien, chaque année, 300 000 ruraux iraniens quittent leurs villages vers des centres urbains et en particulier vers la région de capitale (teheran). - la partie qui nous intéresse relève justement du déplacement massif des ruraux vers la région de la capitale iranienne (teheran), et dans ce cadre, nous avons cherché à déterminer d'une part les causes motrices de l'exode rural et d'autre part l'impact du phénomene urbain sur cette population déplacée

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44

Terrany, Bernard. "L'Iran dans cinq hebdomadaires français de la Révolution (1979) à nos jours". Thesis, Paris 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA020078/document.

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Le moins qu’on puisse dire est que l’Iran depuis la prise de pouvoir par les Ayatollahs en 1979 est un pays qui intéresse les hebdomadaires français et plus généralement les journalistes de notre pays. Une approche quantitative des articles consacrés à ce pays le prouve aisément. Mais il est particulièrement intéressant de constater que chacun des hebdomadaires français étudiés apporte une vision assez spécifique de ce qui caractérise l’Iran d’aujourd’hui. Toutefois, si la plupart des hebdomadaires sont d’accord pour reconnaître la complexité du problème iranien et de la société perse, "Valeurs Actuelles" par exemple va stigmatiser la barbarie du régime en place alors que"Courrier International", à l’inverse, va s’efforcer d’offrir un kaléidoscope d’opinions souvent contradictoires sur cette république islamique. De même, "Le Point" insiste sur la dangerosité de l’Iran d’aujourd’hui alors que "L’Express" met surtout l’accent sur les problèmes de nucléaire. "Marianne" pour sa part offre une étude équilibrée des problèmes tant internes qu’externes de l’Iran des Ayatollahs. En réalité, on peut constater un consensus des journalistes français spécialistes du monde persan sur le fait qu’en matière de politique intérieure, l’Iran ne cesse d’osciller entre démocratie et totalitarisme alors même que le pays semble avoir fait de la possession de l’arme nucléaire le futur point d’ancrage de sa politique extérieure à l’échelle internationale et de la sous-région
The least we can say is that Iran since the seizure of power by the Ayatollahs in 1979 is a country that interests French weekly magazines and journalists. A quantitative approach of the articles concerning this country proves this assertion easily. But it is particularly interesting to note that each of the French weekly magazines provides a fairly specific approach that characterizes today's Iran. Nevertheless most French magazines recognize the complexity of the problems of Iran and Persian society. However, Valeurs Actuelles stigmatizes the barbaric regime while Courrier International, conversely provides a kaleidoscope of rather conflicting opinions on this Islamic republic. Similarly, Le Point emphasizes the danger of Iran today while L'Express focuses primarily on nuclear issues. Marianne on the other hand offers a balanced study of both internal and external problems of this country ruled by Ayatollahs. In reality, there may be a consensus among French journalists who are specialists of the Persian world due to the fact that concerning its domestic policy Iran continues to oscillate between democracy and totalitarianism even though the country seems to consider the possession of nuclear weapons as the future anchor of its foreign policy and sub-regional diplomatic role

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45

Bazargan, Zahra. "Les classes de devoirs: une solution au problème de l'échec des enfants de milieux défavorisés de Téhéran ?" Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/213105.

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46

HOSSEINI, SEYED HASSAN TREPOS JEAN YVES. "LA RELATION ENTRE L'IMMIGRATION ET LA DESORGANISATION DE LA FAMILLE (LE CAS DES IMMIGRES INSTALLES AU SUD DE TEHERAN) /". [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1997. ftp://ftp.scd.univ-metz.fr/pub/Theses/1997/Hosseini.Seyed_Hassan.LMZ9709.pdf.

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47

Gölz, Olmo [Verfasser]. "Gewaltakteure in Iran. Rackets, Racketeers und der Kampf um das Gewaltmonopol in Teheran 1941 – 1963". Freiburg : Universität, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1176968084/34.

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48

Agharabi, Amena [Verfasser], e Giselher [Akademischer Betreuer] Kaule. "Begrünungspotential in ariden und semi-ariden Städten : Fallstudie Teheran, Iran / Amena Agharabi. Betreuer: Giselher Kaule". Stuttgart : Universitätsbibliothek der Universität Stuttgart, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1062951689/34.

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49

Kargarnovin, Zahra. "Prevalence, risk factors and results of intervention among anaemic Iranian children in a low socio-economic community in urban Tehran". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.298280.

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50

Taghavi, Ahmad. "The Situation of the Libraries of the University of Teheran". Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Biblioteks- och informationsvetenskap / Bibliotekshögskolan, 1996. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-16941.

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The main object of this paper is an attempt to illustrate the present situation of TeheranUniversity Central Library and its 17 faculty libraries. The main aspects of these librarieswhich will be discussed are collections, staffing, management, shelving, cataloguing and thelibrary users. The findings of a survey which was conducted by the author in Iran in thesummer 1995 form the main basis of the discussions.Some of the problems in these libraries are mentioned and the possible solutions arerecommended.The study also examines the role and effect of the Islamic Revolution and de-westernizationpolicy of the present regime on these libraries.A historical background of higher education, foundation of the University of Teheran,librarianship and the whole range of libraries in Iran are discussed briefly.

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Tesi sul tema "Iran – Tehran"

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