Articoli di riviste: "Ionic liquid (IL)"

1

Avilés, María-Dolores, Ramón Pamies, José Sanes, Francisco-José Carrión e María-Dolores Bermúdez. "Fatty Acid-Derived Ionic Liquid Lubricant. Protic Ionic Liquid Crystals as Protic Ionic Liquid Additives". Coatings 9, n. 11 (31 ottobre 2019): 710. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings9110710.

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Fatty acids are natural products which have been studied as green lubricants. Ionic liquids are considered efficient friction reducing and wear preventing lubricants and lubricant additives. Fatty acid-derived ionic liquids have shown potential as neat lubricant and additives. Protic ionic liquid crystals (PILCs) are protic ionic liquids (PILs) where cations and anions form ordered mesophases that show liquid crystalline behavior. The adsorption of carboxylate units on sliding surfaces can enhance the lubricant performance. Ionic liquid crystal lubricants with longer alkyl chains can separate sliding surfaces more efficiently. However, they are usually solid at room temperature and, when used as additives in water, transitions to high friction coefficients and wear rates, with tribocorrosion processes occur when water evaporation takes place at the interface. In order to avoid these inconveniences, in the present work, a protic ammonium palmitate (DPA) ionic liquid crystal has been added in 1 wt.% proportion to a short chain citrate ionic liquid (DCi) with the same protic ammonium cation. A spin coated layer of (DCi + DPA) was deposited on AISI316L steel surface before the sliding test against sapphire ball. Synergy between DCi PIL and DPA PILC additive reduces friction coefficient and wear rate, without tribocorrosion processes, as shown by scanning electron microscopy (SEM)/energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis (EDX) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results.

2

Zhao, Ru-Song, Xia Wang, Fu-Wei Li, Shan-Shan Wang, Li-Li Zhang e Chuan-Ge Cheng. "Ionic liquid/ionic liquid dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction". Journal of Separation Science 34, n. 7 (25 febbraio 2011): 830–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jssc.201000802.

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Kunz, Werner, Eva Maurer, Regina Klein, Didier Touraud, Doris Rengstl, Agnes Harrar, Susanne Dengler e Oliver Zech. "Low Toxic Ionic Liquids, Liquid Catanionics, and Ionic Liquid Microemulsions". Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology 32, n. 12 (dicembre 2011): 1694–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01932691.2011.616109.

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4

Aslanov, L. A. "Ionic liquids: Liquid structure". Journal of Molecular Liquids 162, n. 3 (agosto 2011): 101–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2011.06.006.

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5

Bowlas, Christopher J., Duncan W. Bruce e Kenneth R. Seddon. "Liquid-crystalline ionic liquids". Chemical Communications, n. 14 (1996): 1625. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/cc9960001625.

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Texter, John. "Liquid Polymerized Ionic Liquids". ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, n. 55 (9 ottobre 2022): 2089. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-02552089mtgabs.

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Polymerized ionic liquids (PIL) are being used in many advanced materials applications. An interesting subclass of PILs is composed of liquid PIL, LPIL. Such materials exhibit classical liquid properties and offer insight into the physics and physical chemistry of liquids and particles. We present an overview of LPIL and a classification scheme to usefully compartmentalize such materials for further design, optimization, and application. Several members of this class of LPIL are described in detail along with multiple applications. One member consists of organosiloxanes condensed on themselves to produce a novel type of solvent-free nanofluid. These materials are the first to experimentally illustrate polydispersity frustration of crystallization and to show that both freezing and glass transitions are lambda transitions. Another member comprises a functional core decorated with ionic liquid salts. Such materials can be used to mitigate embrittlement accompanying using nanofillers and to incorporate such nanofluids in diverse new materials and functional coatings. Linear LPIL offer similar advantages to those provided by molecular IL and promise to overcome leaching limitations in liquid supported membranes and polyeletrolyte membranes in batteries and fuel cells. Lastly, extension of PILs to polyurethanes and polyureas (PUs) and to polyesters (PEs) has resulted in the first known self-dispersing polyurethane and polyester dispersions (PUDs and PEDs, respectively). Several of their applications in stimuli responsive coatings and graphene dispersions are illustrated.

7

Guo, Li Ying, Jun Shi, Jun Hai He, Ji Yue Huang e Peng Cheng Huang. "Synthesis and Characterization of Supported on Silica Based Ionic Liquids". Applied Mechanics and Materials 727-728 (gennaio 2015): 34–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.727-728.34.

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Three kinds of functionalized imidazolium ionic liquid, 1-chloride (2-hydroxyethyl) -3-methyl imidazole ionic liquid [HeMIM]Cl, 1-bromide ethylamine-3-methyl imidazolium ionic liquid [AeMIM]Br and chlorinated 1-carboxyethyl-3-methyl imidazolium ionic liquid [CeMIM]Cl, were synthesized firstly. Subsequently, three kinds of supported silicon imidazolium ionic liquids were prepared from above ionic liquids with tetraethoxysilane by sol-gel method. The Chemical structure and crystal structure of the supported on silica based ionic liquids were analyzed by FTIR and XRD.

8

Boudesocque, Stéphanie, Aminou Mohamadou e Laurent Dupont. "Efficient extraction of gold from water by liquid–liquid extraction or precipitation using hydrophobic ionic liquids". New J. Chem. 38, n. 11 (2014): 5573–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4nj01115e.

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Tetrahalogenoaurate anions have been successfully removed from water using betaine derivative cationic ionic liquids, by precipitation using hydrophilic ionic liquids or by liquid–liquid extraction with hydrophobic ionic liquids.

9

Ebrahimi, Mohammad, Kateryna Fatyeyeva e Wojciech Kujawski. "Different Approaches for the Preparation of Composite Ionic Liquid-Based Membranes for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Applications—Recent Advancements". Membranes 13, n. 6 (11 giugno 2023): 593. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes13060593.

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The use of ionic liquid-based membranes as polymer electrolyte membranes for fuel cell applications increases significantly due to the major features of ionic liquids (i.e., high thermal stability and ion conductivity, non-volatility, and non-flammability). In general, there are three major methods to introduce ionic liquids into the polymer membrane, such as incorporating ionic liquid into a polymer solution, impregnating the polymer with ionic liquid, and cross-linking. The incorporation of ionic liquids into a polymer solution is the most common method, owing to easy operation of process and quick membrane formation. However, the prepared composite membranes suffer from a reduction in mechanical stability and ionic liquid leakage. While mechanical stability may be enhanced by the membrane’s impregnation with ionic liquid, ionic liquid leaching is still the main drawback of this method. The presence of covalent bonds between ionic liquids and polymer chains during the cross-linking reaction can decrease the ionic liquid release. Cross-linked membranes reveal more stable proton conductivity, although a decrease in ionic mobility can be noticed. In the present work, the main approaches for ionic liquid introduction into the polymer film are presented in detail, and the recently obtained results (2019–2023) are discussed in correlation with the composite membrane structure. In addition, some promising new methods (i.e., layer-by-layer self-assembly, vacuum-assisted flocculation, spin coating, and freeze drying) are described.

10

Li, Jianshen, Jianling Zhang, Buxing Han, Li Peng e Guanying Yang. "Ionic liquid-in-ionic liquid nanoemulsions". Chemical Communications 48, n. 85 (2012): 10562. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c2cc36089f.

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11

Shamsuri, Ahmad Adlie, Siti Nurul Ain Md Jamil e Khalina Abdan. "Processes and Properties of Ionic Liquid-Modified Nanofiller/Polymer Nanocomposites—A Succinct Review". Processes 9, n. 3 (8 marzo 2021): 480. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr9030480.

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Ionic liquids can typically be synthesized via protonation, alkylation, metathesis, or neutralization reactions. The many types of ionic liquids have increased their attractiveness to researchers for employment in various areas, including in polymer composites. Recently, ionic liquids have been employed to modify nanofillers for the fabrication of polymer nanocomposites with improved physicochemical properties. In this succinct review, four types of imidazolium-based ionic liquids that are employed as modifiers—specifically alkylimidazolium halide, alkylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate, alkylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, and alkylimidazolium bistriflimide—are reviewed. Additionally, three types of ionic liquid-modified nanofiller/polymer nanocomposites—namely ionic liquid-nanofiller/thermoplastic nanocomposites, ionic liquid-nanofiller/elastomer nanocomposites, and ionic liquid-nanofiller/thermoset nanocomposites—are described as well. The effect of imidazolium-based ionic liquids on the thermo-mechanico-chemical properties of the polymer nanocomposites is also succinctly reviewed. This review can serve as an initial guide for polymer composite researchers in modifying nanofillers by means of ionic liquids for improving the performance of polymer nanocomposites.

12

Wang, Yong-Lei, Bin Li e Aatto Laaksonen. "Coarse-grained simulations of ionic liquid materials: from monomeric ionic liquids to ionic liquid crystals and polymeric ionic liquids". Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 23, n. 35 (2021): 19435–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1cp02662c.

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A novel coarse-grained model for ethyl-imidazolium tetrafluoroborate ionic liquids were developed to study thermotropic phase behaviors of monomeric ionic liquids and to explore ion association structures and ion transport quantities in polymeric ionic liquids with different architectures.

13

Huseynov, H. D. "IONIC LIQUID EXTRACTION CLEANING OF PETROLEUM FRACTIONS". Chemical Problems 20, n. 3 (2022): 197–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.32737/2221-8688-2022-3-197-212.

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The extraction purification process is currently being intensively studied and has a great future as an alternative method of purification of petroleum fractions. The point is that the development of technology and rise in the consumption of fuels and oils calls for tightening of requirements to their quality characteristics. At the same time, special attention is paid to the content of aromatic hydrocarbons, sulfur-containing and resinous compounds in their composition. The present review considers the results of studies of extractive purification of various oil fractions using both traditional and "green" solvents - ionic liquids as an extractant providing for the effectiveness of ion-liquid extraction purification. The article also describes studies on combining the process of ion-liquid extraction with an oxidative purification method. The results of studies carried out at the Institute of Petrochemical Processes of the National Academy of Sciences of Azerbaijan on ion-liquid extraction purification of petroleum distillates for various purposes, in particular, transformer oil distillate, catalytic cracking and reforming gasoline, AMG-10 hydraulic fluid, Naftalan oil, diesel fuel, as well as oil distillates fractions with different viscosity values, are shown in the article. Also, the possibility getting petroleum products when used as a selective solvent of ionic liquids (morpholformate, anilinformate, N-methylpyrrolidone acetate, etc.) differing in cationic-anionic combination is substantiated.

14

Gridyakina, A. V. "Electric Properties of Ionic Thermotropic Liquid Crystals". Ukrainian Journal of Physics 61, n. 6 (giugno 2016): 502–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/ujpe61.06.0502.

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15

Yasin, Sahl. "Ionic Liquids Nitrogen-Based, Preparation, Characterization, and Application". Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology Research 5, n. 6 (30 maggio 2022): 01–05. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2693-7247/083.

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Nowadays Ionic Liquids (ILs) salts becomes a major class of attention due to their numerous industrial applications in various fields such as softest solvents, catalysts, batteries, wastewater treatment…etc. In this review, we highlight and present ionic liquid nitrogen-based in both aliphatic and aromatic compounds. Aliphatic based nitrogen ionic liquids are prepared from different sources like trimethylamine, diethylamine, triethylamine, -tripropylamine, iso-propylamine, n-tributylamine, and n-butylamine. However, to prepare aromatic based nitrogen ionic liquids, it’s better to use amidazole, Quinine, pyridine, Pyrrolidin, Pyrrol and Piperidine. A set of physicochemical methods used to characterize ionic liquids such as UV, FTIR, NMR, and TGA are used for thermal investigation. It can be seen that during ionic liquid preparation some impurities remain such as negative radical impurities. This review shows an opportunity to understand ionic liquids preparation from different sources, stability, characterization and their main application.

16

Trujillo-Rodríguez, María J., Priscilla Rocío-Bautista, Verónica Pino e Ana M. Afonso. "Ionic liquids in dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction". TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry 51 (novembre 2013): 87–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trac.2013.06.008.

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17

El-Sinawi, Abdulaziz, Karthik Silaipillayarputhur, Tawfiq Al-Mughanam e Christopher Hardacre. "Performance of Ionic Liquid-Water Mixtures in an Acetone Cooling Application". Sustainability 13, n. 5 (9 marzo 2021): 2949. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13052949.

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In this work, the performance of selected ionic liquid-water mixtures was investigated for an acetone cooling application in a process plant using a double pipe heat exchanger. Cooling media such as river water and ionic liquid-water mixtures were compared, specifically water-saturated quaternary phosphonium-based carboxylate ionic liquids were considered in this work. Ionic liquids generally have high thermal stability, resist degradation, and provide higher temperatures at low vapor pressures and for these reasons, ionic liquids can be a good substitute for conventional heat transfer fluids. At each condition, the performance of the ionic liquid mixture was compared with that of water. For the designated cooling application, the performance of water was much better than the ionic liquid mixtures.

18

Gabrić, Beata, Aleksandra Sander, Marina Cvjetko Bubalo e Dejan Macut. "Extraction of S- and N-Compounds from the Mixture of Hydrocarbons by Ionic Liquids as Selective Solvents". Scientific World Journal 2013 (2013): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/512953.

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Liquid-liquid extraction is an alternative method that can be used for desulfurization and denitrification of gasoline and diesel fuels. Recent approaches employ different ionic liquids as selective solvents, due to their general immiscibility with gasoline and diesel, negligible vapor pressure, and high selectivity to sulfur- and nitrogen-containing compounds. For that reason, five imidazolium-based ionic liquids and one pyridinium-based ionic liquid were selected for extraction of thiophene, dibenzothiophene, and pyridine from two model solutions. The influences of hydrodynamic conditions, mass ratio, and number of stages were investigated. Increasing the mass ratio of ionic liquid/model fuel and multistage extraction promotes the desulfurization and denitrification abilities of the examined ionic liquids. All selected ionic liquids can be reused and regenerated by means of vacuum evaporation.

19

Noble, Richard D., e Douglas L. Gin. "Perspective on ionic liquids and ionic liquid membranes". Journal of Membrane Science 369, n. 1-2 (marzo 2011): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2010.11.075.

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20

Corley, Cynthia A., e Scott T. Iacono. "Recycling of 1,2-Dimethyl-3-propylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide Ionic Liquid by Stacked Cation and Anion Exchange Adsorption-Desorption". Separations 6, n. 2 (3 giugno 2019): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/separations6020029.

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There are many advantages to using ionic liquids as solvents or catalysts in chemical processes. Their non-volatile characteristic and high cost, however, can pose economic, environmental, and long-term health concerns. As such, the recovery and recycling of ionic liquids have become essential to mitigate their environmental impact and to reduce costs. Numerous recovery and recycling methods have been reported, including distillation, extraction, membrane separation (a.k.a. filtration), adsorption, crystallization, gravity, and electrochemical separation. Whereas most of these methods recover both cations and anions of the ionic liquid as ion pairs, recycling methods such as single-phase ion exchange or mixed-ion exchange/non-ionic adsorption methods recover only one of the ionic liquid ions, typically the cation. These methods are frequently used for the recycling of ionic liquids having simple anions such as chloride or acetate, but are seldom employed for ionic liquids consisting of larger and more complex anions due to the added time and reagent costs necessary for the regeneration of the original ionic liquid. Herein, a combined cation and anion exchange adsorption-desorption method is presented that can effectively separate 1,2-dimethyl-3-propylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonimide) [DMPIm][NTf2] ionic liquid from neutral impurities. More importantly, the method is capable of recovery and recycling of the original ionic liquid. Concomitant desorption of both ionic liquid ions was achieved using 0.1 M NaCl: methanol (90:10 v/v) eluent followed by isolation using liquid–liquid extraction to afford high purity products and yields of approximately 60%.

21

Wang, Qiang, Guo Bi Li, Peng Cheng, Shi Dong Wang e Shu Liang Zang. "Synthesis and Preparation of Desulfurization Concerned Naphthenic Acid Type Ionic Liquid". Applied Mechanics and Materials 670-671 (ottobre 2014): 224–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.670-671.224.

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This paper describes the types and characteristics of ionic liquids, synthesis and application of ionic liquids in chemical and environmental applications, and naphthenic acid corrosion problems and research on ionic liquids are organically combined together, using properties, good stability and easy separating from crude oil, of ionic liquid generated by imidazole and naphthenic acid, exploring the ionic liquid deacidification process conditions and acid removal effect. The naphthenic acid and imidazole react in acetone solvent, synthesis a series of ionic liquids in different reaction ratio, reaction temperature, reaction time and stirring speed conditions,makesome physical measurements and calculation of the yield of these ionic liquids and. The results show that, in naphthenic acid and imidazole molar ratio of 1:1, reaction temperature 70°C, reaction time 7h, stirring speed 400R / min, stand half hour after reaction, the yield of naphthenic acid type ionic liquid is maximum, namely, the deacidification effect is best. At the same time measured in the ionic liquid density is 1.179g / mL, and pH is 5.8. Obtained optimum synthesis condition of naphthenic acid type ionic liquid, greatly improving the deacidification rate of high acid crude oil, more importantly, the method does not cause any pollution to the environment.

22

Zaikin, Pavel A., Ok Ton Dyan, Innokenty R. Elanov e Gennady I. Borodkin. "Ionic Liquid-Assisted Grinding: An Electrophilic Fluorination Benchmark". Molecules 26, n. 19 (23 settembre 2021): 5756. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26195756.

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We demonstrated the influence of liquid additives on the rate and selectivity of mechanochemical fluorination of aromatic and 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds with F-TEDA-BF4. Substoichiometric catalytic quantities of ionic liquids speed up the reaction. We proposed an improved protocol for ionic liquids-assisted fluorination that allows easy and efficient isolation of fluorinated products by vacuum sublimation. A careful choice of additive results in high yields of fluorinated products and low E-factor for the overall process. Here, we report a benchmarking study of various ionic liquids in comparison with representative molecular solvents. A lower viscosity of ionic liquid additive is typically associated with higher yields and a higher degree of difluorination. Ionic liquids with fluorous anions (triflate and triflimide) are shown to be the most efficient catalysts for ionic liquid-assisted grinding.

23

Guo, Li Ying, Shi Yang Bai, Jia Lei Liu e Qi Peng Ma. "Intercalation of Na-Montmorillonite with Ionic Liquids". Advanced Materials Research 798-799 (settembre 2013): 211–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.798-799.211.

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Na-montmorillonite was modified by ionic liquids as the intercalation agent with different side chains. The influence of side chains in ionic liquid to Na-montmorillonite after intercalation was discussed. The chemical structures of ionic liquid/organic montmorillonite complexes were characterized. The results indicated that the ion-exchanging reaction can be happened in ionic liquids and montmorillonite, which the space increased between of organic modified montmorillonite, and the longer chain of ionic liquid, the greater distance of montmorillonte.

24

Tian, Ju, Qi Tang, Yongshen Zhang, Yuzhen Shu, Lihua Zhang e Weiming Zheng. "A study on the viscosity, density, and derivative properties of 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium bis((trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl)imides with benzo-15-crown-5 binary mixtures". Journal of Chemical Research 47, n. 1 (gennaio 2023): 174751982311563. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/17475198231156358.

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The essential factors that affect the interfacial mass transfer rate of crown ether–ionic liquid systems are studied by examining the physicochemical properties of mixtures of ionic liquids with benzo-15-crown-5. In the present work, the 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium bis((trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl)imides ionic liquids ([C2MIm][NTf2], [C3MIm][NTf2], [C4MIm][NTf2], and [C5MIm][NTf2]) are adopted as the solvent and benzo-15-crown-5 is used as the solute. A series of binary mixtures of the ionic liquid and benzo-15-crown-5, with different molar fractions of ionic liquids, is formulated by the weight method. The viscosity and density are determined for four binary mixtures of ionic liquid and benzo-15-crown-5 at atmospheric pressure in a temperature range of 298.15 to 343.15 K. The values obtained for viscosity and density are fitted with empirical equations, and the energy barrier, a-constant, and the isobaric thermal expansion coefficient are all calculated. Interactions between the ionic liquid and the solute benzo-15-crown-5 are analyzed, and the above properties are discussed by comparison with systems in which different solutes are present in the same ionic liquid. It is found that interactions between the ionic liquid and benzo-15-crown-5 in the mixtures are more intense than in mixed systems composed of ionic liquids and other solutes.

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Zhang, Cheng Cheng, Peng Tian e Qing Yang Chen. "Determination Content of N-Octyl Pyridine Tetrafluoroborate in Water Using UV-Spectrum". Applied Mechanics and Materials 707 (dicembre 2014): 20–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.707.20.

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Ionic Liquids is called also room temperature molten salt, its performance is mainly dependent on composition of cation and anion, and through molecular design the adjustment. And the traditional organic solvent, water, supercritical fluid and chemical reaction than solvent, ionic liquid in the following several aspects to show its prominent advantages. OP-BF4 ionic liquid is prepared by the double decomposition reaction of OPB and NaBF4. The ionic liquid at room temperature used in the experiment has a significant absorption determined by UV spectrum within the range of 200-400nm, the maximum absorption wavelength of OP-BF4 ionic liquid is 255nm. The standard working curve of OP-BF4 ionic liquid is y=0.06476+0.00967X (0.99918). The recovery rate of OP-BF4 ionic liquid which is between 96.4% and 102%, is measured by standard addition method in water. The quantitative analysis of OP-BF4 ionic liquids in water using ultraviolet spectroscopy is simple, accurate and reliable.

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Cheng, Siqing, Jianling Zhang, Zhaofu Zhang e Buxing Han. "Novel microemulsions: ionic liquid-in-ionic liquid". Chemical Communications, n. 24 (2007): 2497. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b704160h.

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Fillion, Joseph J., e Joan F. Brennecke. "Viscosity of Ionic Liquid–Ionic Liquid Mixtures". Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data 62, n. 6 (4 maggio 2017): 1884–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jced.7b00221.

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Han, Ben Yong, Wu Di Zhang, Yu Bao Chen, Fang Yin, Shi Qing Liu e Xing Ling Zhao. "A Review on Biodiesel Synthesis Using Catalyzed Transesterification Base Ionic Liquids as Catalyst". Advanced Materials Research 772 (settembre 2013): 303–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.772.303.

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onic liquid is a green catalyzer and solvent which can be designed by changing the structure of its cation or anion. Ionic liquid has been used in diverse chemical reactions. Especially, Ionic liquids as environmentally friendly catalysts were applied in biodiesel production. Preparation of biodiesel catalyzed by ionic liquids have many merits, such as no corrosion to equipment, no pollution to environment, and reusability. In this paper, the advances in the base ionic liquids catalysts and their application in biodiesel production were reviewed. The characterization of the ionic liquids were summarized. In addition, the prospect for the application of the basic ionic liquids to catalyze biodiesel production was also stated. Since the cost of ionic liquid may be an issue, there are some challenges to be faced, such as the production of ionic liquids with low cost, easy recovery and with the possibility of reutilization of the catalyst for several cycles.

29

Helbrecht, Christiane, Fabian Schmitt, Tobias Meckel, Markus Biesalski, Bastian J. M. Etzold e Samuel Schabel. "Mechanical properties of paper saturated with a hydrophobic ionic liquid". BioResources 18, n. 2 (24 febbraio 2023): 2842–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.18.2.2842-2856.

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Research into paper-based devices and ionic liquids has increased considerably in the past few years. Thus, the combination of paper-based devices with ionic liquids is also becoming an increasingly frequent research subject. However, the influence of the ionic liquid on the paper properties has been hardly considered. In this paper, the influence of a hydrophobic ionic liquid (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethyl-sulfonyl)imide) on the mechanical properties of laboratory paper, isotropic and oriented, made from eucalyptus sulfate and cotton linters, is investigated. The tensile strength, elastic modulus, and breaking strain of papers saturated with ionic liquid were about 60 to 90% of the dry paper characteristics. In contrast to water, the breaking strain did not increase in the presence of the ionic liquid. This is because the ionic liquid only slightly swelled the fibers.

30

Marr, Patricia C., e Andrew C. Marr. "Ionic liquid gel materials: applications in green and sustainable chemistry". Green Chemistry 18, n. 1 (2016): 105–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5gc02277k.

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Ionic liquid gel materials offer a way to further utilise ionic liquids in technological applications. Combining the controlled and directed assembly of gels, with the diverse applications of ionic liquids, enables the design of a heady combination of functional tailored materials, leading to the development of task specific/functional ionic liquid gels.

31

Vičkačkaitė, Vida, e Audrius Padarauskas. "Ionic liquids in microextraction techniques". Open Chemistry 10, n. 3 (1 giugno 2012): 652–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11532-012-0023-4.

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AbstractThe tremendous potential of room temperature ionic liquids as an alternative to environmentally harmful ordinary organic solvents is well recognized. Due to their unique properties, such as low volatility, tunable viscosity and miscibility, and electrolytic conductivity, ionic liquids have attracted extensive attention and gained popularity in many areas of analytical chemistry including modern sample preparation techniques. In this review the advantages and limitations of application of ionic liquids as solvents/sorbents for microextraction are critically discussed. Topics covered include solid-phase microextraction, single drop microextraction, dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction and hollow-fiber liquid-phase microextraction. The compatibility of the ionic liquid-based microextraction with different analytical techniques such as gas chromatography, high-performance liquid chromatography, electrothermal or flame atomic absorption spectrometry and some others is also discussed. Finally, the main practical applications on this topic are summarized.

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Xu, Qiang, Wei Jiang, Jianbai Xiao e Xionghui Wei. "Absorption of Sulfur Dioxide by Tetraglyme–Sodium Salt Ionic Liquid". Molecules 24, n. 3 (26 gennaio 2019): 436. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24030436.

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A series of tetraglyme–sodium salt ionic liquids have been prepared and found to be promising solvents to absorb SO2. The experiments here show that [Na–tetraglyme][SCN] ionic liquid has excellent thermal stability and a 30% increase in SO2 absorption capacity compared to other sodium salt ionic liquids and the previously studied lithium salt ionic liquids in terms of molar absorption capacity. The interaction between SO2 and the ionic liquid was concluded to be physical absorption by IR and NMR.

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Han, Ben Yong, Wu Di Zhang, Yu Bao Chen, Fang Yin, Shi Qing Liu e Xing Ling Zhao. "Progress in Research of Lewis Acid Ionic Liquids Used as Catalyst in Biodiesel Synthesis". Advanced Materials Research 773 (settembre 2013): 181–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.773.181.

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onic liquid is a green catalyzer and solvent which can be designed by changing the structure of its cation or anion. Ionic liquid has been used in diverse chemical reactions. Especially, Ionic liquids as environmentally friendly catalysts were applied in biodiesel production. Preparation of biodiesel catalyzed by ionic liquids have many merits, such as no corrosion to equipment, no pollution to environment, and reusability. In this paper, the advances in the Lewis acid ionic liquids catalysts and their application in biodiesel production were reviewed. The characterization of the ionic liquids were summarized. The catalytic reaction mechanism of the Lewis acid ionic liquids in the biodiesel production was discussed. In addition, the prospect for the application of the Lewis acid ionic liquids to catalyze biodiesel production was also stated. Since the cost of ionic liquid may be an issue, there are some challenges to be faced, such as the production of ionic liquids with low cost, easy recovery and with the possibility of reutilization of the catalyst for several cycles.

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Dharaskar, Swapnil A., Kailas L. Wasewar, Mahesh N. Varma e Diwakar Z. Shende. "Extractive Deep Desulfurization of Liquid Fuels Using Lewis-Based Ionic Liquids". Journal of Energy 2013 (2013): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/581723.

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A new class of green solvents, known as ionic liquids (ILs), has recently been the subject of intensive research on the extractive desulfurization of liquid fuels because of the limitation of traditional hydrodesulfurization method. In present work, eleven Lewis acid ionic liquids were synthesized and employed as promising extractants for deep desulfurization of the liquid fuel containing dibenzothiophene (DBT) to test the desulfurization efficiency. [Bmim]Cl/FeCl3was the most promising ionic liquid and performed the best among studied ionic liquids under the same operating conditions. It can remove dibenzothiophene from the model liquid fuel in the single-stage extraction process with the maximum desulfurization efficiency of 75.6%. It was also found that [Bmim]Cl/FeCl3may be reused without regeneration with considerable extraction efficiency of 47.3%. Huge saving on energy can be achieved if we make use of this ionic liquids behavior in process design, instead of regenerating ionic liquids after every time of extraction.

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Mathieu, Kevin, Christine Jérôme e Antoine Debuigne. "Macroporous poly(ionic liquid)/ionic liquid gels via CO2-based emulsion-templating polymerization". Polymer Chemistry 9, n. 4 (2018): 428–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7py01952a.

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Saielli, Giacomo. "Special Issue Editorial: Ionic Liquid Crystals". Crystals 9, n. 5 (27 maggio 2019): 274. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst9050274.

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Tian, Peng, Zhi Gang Zhao, Yang Yang Song, Bo Meng, Tian Ling Qin e Ting Ting Zhu. "Preparation and Characterization of N-Butyl Pyridine Nitrate". Applied Mechanics and Materials 295-298 (febbraio 2013): 220–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.295-298.220.

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The halogenated hydrocarbon and pyridine are used in the synthesis of room temperature ionic liquid intermediates chlorinated N-butyl pyridine BPC. We use the double decomposition reaction of BPC and NaNO3in acetone for the synthesis of BP-NO3 ionic liquids. We use infrared spectrometer for the structSubscript texture characterization, it is proved that we have gotten BP-NO3room temperature ionic liquids. Solvent polarity and acidSubscript textalkali both will have a room temperature ionic liquid ultraviolet spectrum diagram happen displacement, so in the ionic liquid and other solvent mixed solution of ultraviolet spectrum diagram, want to indicate the use of solvent. Therefore, solvent polarity and acid alkali both will have an influence on ultraviolet spectrum diagram displacement of room temperature ionic liquid.

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Meischein, Michael, Marvin Fork e Alfred Ludwig. "On the Effects of Diluted and Mixed Ionic Liquids as Liquid Substrates for the Sputter Synthesis of Nanoparticles". Nanomaterials 10, n. 3 (14 marzo 2020): 525. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10030525.

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The synthesis of nanoparticles by combinatorial sputtering in ionic liquids is a versatile approach for discovering new materials. Whereas the influence on nanoparticle formation of different pure ionic liquids has been addressed, the influence of (I) dilution of ionic liquid with solvents and (II) different mixtures of ionic liquids is less known. Therefore, mixtures of the ionic liquid [Bmim][(Tf)2N] with the organic solvent anisole and other ionic liquids ([Bmim][(Pf)2N], [BmPyr][(Tf)2N]) were used as liquid substrates for the sputter synthesis of nanoparticles, in order to investigate the influence of these mixtures on the size of the nanoparticles. First, mixtures of anisole with a suspension of sputtered Ag nanoparticles in [Bmim][(Tf)2N] were prepared in different volumetric steps to investigate if the stabilization of the NPs by the ionic liquid could be reduced by the solvent. However, a continuous reduction in nanoparticle size and amount with increasing anisole volume was observed. Second, Ag, Au and Cu were sputtered on ionic liquid mixtures. Ag nanoparticles in [Bmim][(Tf)2N]/[Bmim][(Pf)2N] mixtures showed a decrease in size with the increasing volumetric fraction of [Bmim][(Tf)2N], whereas all nanoparticles obtained from [Bmim][(Tf)2N]/[BmPyr][(Tf)2N] mixtures showed increasing size and broadening of the size distribution. Maximum sizes of sputtered Ag and Au NPs were reached in mixtures of [Bmim][(Tf)2N] with 20 vol.% and 40 vol.% [BmPyr][(Tf)2N]. The results indicate that ionic liquid mixtures with different portions of cations and anions have the capability of influencing the ionic liquid stabilization characteristics with respect to, e.g., nanoparticle size and size distribution.

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Sudrajat, Bagus Agang. "Kinetic Study of Esterification Using Ionic Liquid Catalyst". Reaktor 20, n. 3 (13 ottobre 2020): 138–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/reaktor.20.3.138-149.

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Biodiesel offers better combustion efficiency, lower sulfur content and aromatic compounds, higher cetane numbers than diesel fuel, biodegradable and renewable properties that are not possessed by conventional fuels such as diesel fuel. This study aims to study the esterification process of Cotton Seed oil using liquid ionic catalyst 1-Butyl-3-MethydidazoliumHexafluorophosphate (BMIM-PF6) which is simulated by MATLAB 2014 software to compare the kinetic model and the reaction order between the experiment and simulation results with 3% liquid ionic catalyst , then test the validity of the reaction kinetic models. The validation results of reaction kinetic models for experiments and simulations provide an adjacent correlation value, that is R2 = 0.99526, with the reaction speed value (k) based on experimental data are 0.003815 and 0.0038 for the simulation data. Based on the simulation results, the proper reaction order for this esterification reaction is the first order reaction equation with a value of R2 = 0.99526, while the second order reaction gives the value R2 = 0.89453. The reaction kinetics parameters obtained from the experimental results are A = 0.012 and -Ea = -0.437, while the reaction parameters of the simulation are A = 1.0384 and -Ea = -89.5.

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Zhang, Panjie, Lu Hu, Runhua Lu, Wenfeng Zhou e Haixiang Gao. "Application of ionic liquids for liquid–liquid microextraction". Analytical Methods 5, n. 20 (2013): 5376. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3ay40597d.

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Gschwend, Florence J. V., Jason P. Hallett e Agnieszka Brandt-Talbot. "Exploring the Effect of Water Content and Anion on the Pretreatment of Poplar with Three 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium Ionic Liquids". Molecules 25, n. 10 (15 maggio 2020): 2318. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25102318.

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We report on the pretreatment of poplar wood with three different 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ionic liquids, [EMim][OAc], [EMim][MeSO3], and [EMim][HSO4], at varying water contents from 0–40 wt% at 100 °C. The performance was evaluated by observing the lignin and hemicellulose removal, as well as enzymatic saccharification and lignin yield. The mechanism of pretreatment varied between the ionic liquids studied, with the hydrogen sulfate ionic liquid performing delignification and hemicellulose hydrolysis more effectively than the other solvents across the investigated water content range. The acetate ionic liquid produced superior glucose yield at low water contents, while the hydrogen sulfate ionic liquid performed better at higher water contents and produced a recoverable lignin. The methanesulfonate ionic liquid did not introduce significant fractionation or enhancement of saccharification yield under the conditions used. These findings help distinguish the roles of anion hydrogen bonding, solvent acidity, and water content on ionic liquid pretreatment and can aid with anion and water content selections for different applications.

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Huang, Tao, e Peng Tian. "Determination of N-Heptyl Pyridine Tetrafluoroborate in Acetonitrile Using UV–Spectrum". Applied Mechanics and Materials 707 (dicembre 2014): 12–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.707.12.

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Ionic Liquids is called also room temperature molten salt, its performance is mainly dependent on composition of cation and anion, and through molecular design the adjustment. And the traditional organic solvent, water, supercritical fluid and chemical reaction than solvent, ionic liquid in the following several aspects to show its prominent advantages. N-heptyl-pyridine tetrafluoroborate is prepared by the double decomposition reaction of HEPB and NaBF4. The ionic liquid at room temperature used in the experiment has a significant absorption determined by UV spectrum within the range of 200-400nm, the maximum absorption wavelength of HEP-BF4 ionic liquid in acetonitrile is 240nm. The standard working curve of HEP-BF4 ionic liquid is y=0.04518+0.03124X (R=0.99963). The linear range of HEP-BF4 ionic liquids in the acetonitrile is 1-75 mg/L. The recovery rate of HEP-BF4 ionic liquid which is between 95.9% and 102%, is measured by standard addition method in acetonitrile.

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Cubova, Katerina, Miroslava Semelova, Mojmir Nemec e Vit Benes. "Liquid-Liquid Extraction of Ferric Ions into the Ionic Liquids". Minerals 12, n. 1 (22 dicembre 2021): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min12010011.

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Imidazolium ionic liquids containing acetylacetone, thenoyltrifluoroacetone, or 8-hydroxyquinoline, respectively, were used as the extracting agents for the separation of traces of iron (III) from its aqueous solutions with or without citric and oxalic acids. The results show that 8-hydroxyquinoline in imidazolium ionic liquids extract iron quantitatively from all the tested solutions including complexing ones, regardless of indications of unexpected iron behavior/speciation.

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Mohammed, Sawsan A. M., e Mohammed Saadi Hameed. "Extraction of Phenol from Aqueous Solutions Using Bulk ionic Liquid Membranes". Iraqi Journal of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering 17, n. 1 (30 marzo 2016): 83–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.31699/ijcpe.2016.1.8.

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Room temperature ionic liquids show potential as an alternative to conventional organic membrane solvents mainly due to their properties of low vapour pressure, low volatility and they are often stable. In the present work, the technical feasibilities of room temperature ionic liquids as bulk liquid membranes for phenol removal were investigated experimentally. In this research several hydrophobic ionic liquids were synthesized at laboratory. These ionic liquids include (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis (trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide[Bmim][NTf2], 1-Hexyl-3-methylimidazolium bis (trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide[Hmim][NTf2], 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium bis (trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide[Omim][NTf2],1‐butyl‐1‐methylimidazoliumhexafluorophosphate[Bmim][PF6], 1‐hexyl‐1‐methylimidazoliumhexafluorophosphate[Hmim][PF6], 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium bis (trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide[Bmpyr][NTf2], and 1-octyl-3-methyl imidazolium tetra fluoroborate[Omim][BF4]. The distribution coefficients for phenol in these ionic liquids were measured at different pH values and found to be much larger than those in conventional solvents. Through the values of the distribution coefficients and the experiments that were conducted on bulk liquid membrane applying various types of prepared ionic liquids, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis (trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide was selected as the best ionic liquid which gave the highest extraction and stripping efficiencies. The effect of several parameters, namely, feed phase pH(2-12), feed concentration(100-1000 ppm), NaOH concentration(0-0.5M), temperature (20-50oC), feed to membrane volume ratio (200-400ml/80ml ionic liquid) and stirring speeds(75-125 rpm) on the performance of the choosen ionic liquid membrane were also studied. The preliminary study showed that high phenol extraction and stripping efficiencies of 97% and 95% respectively were achieved by ionic liquid membrane with a minimum membrane loss which offers a better choice to organic membrane solvents.

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Zhang, Guo Feng, Xiu Jie Ji, Bo Wen Cheng, Jun Song, Fei Lu, Ran Ran Fu, Jie Ru Huang et al. "A Green Procedure for the Ionic Liquid Catalyzed Oxidation of Benzylic Alcohols to Aldehydes or Ketones in Aqueous Media". Advanced Materials Research 873 (dicembre 2013): 567–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.873.567.

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A green oxidation of benzylic alcohols to the corresponding aldehydes or ketones was achieved in aqueous media using ionic liquid/H2O2/HCl catalytic oxidation system. The procedure is mild, environment-friendly and simple. Ionic liquids can be successfully recovered and reused for the oxidation of the same (different) substance. The directing effect of the ionic liquid is supported by the good selectivities and yields. These reactions demonstrate the catalytic oxidation and phase transfer function of the ionic liquid is stronger than that without ionic liquid.

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Nordness, Oscar, e Joan F. Brennecke. "Ion Dissociation in Ionic Liquids and Ionic Liquid Solutions". Chemical Reviews 120, n. 23 (7 ottobre 2020): 12873–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00373.

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Tariq, Mohammad, Mara G. Freire, Benilde Saramago, João A. P. Coutinho, José N. Canongia Lopes e Luís Paulo N. Rebelo. "Surface tension of ionic liquids and ionic liquid solutions". Chem. Soc. Rev. 41, n. 2 (2012): 829–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c1cs15146k.

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Kong, Q., S. S. Zheng, T. Q. Liu, Y. Nie e K. D. Song. "Evaluation of ionic liquid “greenness”-cytotoxicity of ionic liquids". IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 592 (10 settembre 2019): 012031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/592/1/012031.

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Zafarani-Moattar, Mohammad Taghi, Hemayat Shekaari e Elnaz Mazaher Haji Agha. "Measurement and Modeling of Solubility of Galactose in Aqueous Ionic Liquids, 1-Butyl-3-Methyl Imidazolium Bromide, 1-Hexyl-3-Methyl Imidazolium Bromide and 1-Butyl-3-Methylimidazolium Chloride at T = (298.15 And 308.15) K". Pharmaceutical Sciences 25, n. 4 (20 dicembre 2019): 319–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.15171/ps.2019.32.

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Background: Saccharides are considered as abundant, cheap and renewable starting materials for chemicals and fuels. Recently, ionic liquids have been used as green solvents for saccharides. The solubility values of galactose in aqueous ionic liquid solutions are not available. Thus, the main objective of this research was to determine the solubility of galactose in aqueous solutions containing ionic liquids, 1-butyl-3-methyl imidazolium bromide, [BMIm]Br, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride [BMIm]Cl and 1-hexyl-3-methyl imidazolium bromide, [HMIm]Br at different mole fractions of ionic liquids at T = (298.15 and 308.15) K. Methods: In this study, the gravimetric method was used to measure the solubility of galactose in aqueous ionic liquids solutions. Results: The solubility values of galactose in water and aqueous ionic liquid solutions were correlated with the activity coefficient models of Wilson, NRTL, modified NRTL, NRF-NRTL, and UNIQUAC. Conclusion: It was concluded that with increasing the mole fraction of ionic liquids, the solubility values of galactose decrease and in fact all of these ionic liquids show salting-out effect on aqueous galactose solutions and this behavior is stronger in ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride.

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Yang, Mo, Peng Tian e Jing Zeng. "UV-Spectrum Analysis of N-Octyl Pyridine Tetrafluoroborate in Ethanol". Applied Mechanics and Materials 707 (dicembre 2014): 24–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.707.24.

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Ionic liquids have been attracting extraordinary attention for their unique properties, such as high ionic conductivity, negligible vapor pressure, and high thermal and electrochemical stability, which have made their varied applications in organic chemistry, material science, chemical engineering, physical chemistry, analytical chemistry and biotechnology. N-octyl-pyridine tetrafluoroborate is prepared by the double decomposition reaction of OPB and NaBF4. The ionic liquid at room temperature used in the experiment has a significant absorption determined by UV spectrum within the range of 200-400nm, the maximum absorption wavelength of OP-BF4 ionic liquid in ethanol is 243nm. The standard working curve of OP-BF4 ionic liquid is y=0.0322+0.01542X (R=0.99962). The linear range of OP-BF4 ionic liquids in the ethanol is 1-75 mg/L. The recovery rate of OP-BF4 ionic liquid which is between 96.8% and 101%, is measured by standard addition method in ethanol.

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