Articoli di riviste: "Invasive"

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Ritvo, Harriet. "Invasion/Invasive". Environmental Humanities 9, n. 1 (maggio 2017): 171–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/22011919-3829190.

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Jordan, Nicholas R., Diane L. Larson e Sheri C. Huerd. "Evidence of Qualitative Differences between Soil-Occupancy Effects of Invasive vs. Native Grassland Plant Species". Invasive Plant Science and Management 4, n. 1 (marzo 2011): 11–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/ipsm-d-10-00004.1.

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AbstractDiversified grasslands that contain native plant species are being recognized as important elements of agricultural landscapes and for production of biofuel feedstocks as well as a variety of other ecosystem services. Unfortunately, establishment of such grasslands is often difficult, unpredictable, and highly vulnerable to interference and invasion by weeds. Evidence suggests that soil-microbial “legacies” of invasive perennial species can inhibit growth of native grassland species. However, previous assessments of legacy effects of soil occupancy by invasive species that invade grasslands have focused on single invasive species and on responses to invasive soil occupancy in only a few species. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that legacy effects of invasive species differ qualitatively from those of native grassland species. In a glasshouse, three invasive and three native grassland perennials and a native perennial mixture were grown separately through three cycles of growth and soil conditioning in soils with and without arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), after which we assessed seedling growth in these soils. Native species differed categorically from invasives in their response to soil conditioning by native or invasive species, but these differences depended on the presence of AMF. When AMF were present, native species largely had facilitative effects on invasive species, relative to effects of invasives on other invasives. Invasive species did not facilitate native growth; neutral effects were predominant, but strong soil-mediated inhibitory effects on certain native species occurred. Our results support the hypothesis that successful plant invaders create biological legacies in soil that inhibit native growth, but suggest also this mechanism of invasion will have nuanced effects on community dynamics, as some natives may be unaffected by such legacies. Such native species may be valuable as nurse plants that provide cost-effective restoration of soil conditions needed for efficient establishment of diversified grasslands.

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Tiebre, Marie-Solange, Sopie Elvire Vanessa Akaffou e Franck Placide Junior Pagny. "INVASIVE ALIEN PLANTS OF COTE DIVOIRE: AN UPDATE AND PROPOSED CLASSIFICATION BASED ON ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS". International Journal of Advanced Research 12, n. 04 (30 aprile 2024): 780–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/18617.

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Background and aims: Scientific data on alien plants and classification of invasive alien plants on the basis of environmental impacts are lacking in Cote dIvoire. The present study was carried out to improve the knowledge on exotic and invasive plants in Cote dIvoire. Methods: In order to compile a list of alien and invasive plants in Cote dIvoire, published books and articles as well as national, regional and international online databases were consulted. Alien species were classified into cultivated and naturalized species. The naturalized species were further subdivided into proven invasives, potential invasives, plants to watch and plants without status in Cote dIvoire. For the list of proven invasive plants, the 4 stages of the different stages in the invasion process were applied. Finally, the proven invasive plants were classified taking into account the major and minor impacts on the environment. Key Results: The Ivorian flora includes 851 introduced or exotic species distributed in 524 genera and 137 families. These taxa are divided into 127 cultivated species and 724 naturalized species. Of all the naturalized taxa, 28 species are proven invasive plants or invasives, 34 are potential invasives, 283 are plants to be monitored and 379 are without status. The classification of the 28 proven invasive plants is divided into : 4 plants with massive impacts (MA), 10 plants with major impacts (MR), 6 plants with moderate impacts (MO) and 8 plants with minor impacts (MI). Conclusion: This study proposes a list of alien and invasive plants in Cote dIvoire. It also proposes a classification for proven invasive alien taxa according to their environmental impacts. It could constitute an important database on exotic, naturalized, proven invasive, potential invasive plants and plants to be monitored in Cote dIvoire. Biodiversity managers could thus rely on this work to establish effective strategies to control invasive plants in Cote dIvoire.

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Tesfay, Yohannes B., Annika Blaschke, Nathan Ashley, Liberato Portillo, Alessio Scalisi, Benziane Adli e Juergen Kreyling. "Increased Plasticity in Invasive Populations of a Globally Invasive Cactus". Plants 12, n. 18 (17 settembre 2023): 3287. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12183287.

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Biological invasions pose global threats to biodiversity and ecosystem functions. Invasive species often display a high degree of phenotypic plasticity, enabling them to adapt to new environments. This study examines plasticity to water stress in native and invasive Opuntia ficus-indica populations, a prevalent invader in arid and semi-arid ecosystems. Through controlled greenhouse experiments, we evaluated three native and nine invasive populations. While all plants survived the dry treatment, natives exhibited lower plasticity to high water availability with only a 36% aboveground biomass increase compared to the invasives with a greater increase of 94%. In terms of belowground biomass, there was no significant response to increased water availability for native populations, but plants from the invasive populations showed a 75% increase from the dry to the wet treatment. Enhanced phenotypic plasticity observed in invasive populations of O. ficus-indica is likely a significant driver of their success and invasiveness across different regions, particularly with a clear environmental preference towards less arid conditions. Climate change is expected to amplify the invasion success due to the expansion of arid areas and desertification. Opuntia ficus-indica adapts to diverse environments, survives dry spells, and grows rapidly in times of high-water supply, making it a candidate for increased invasion potential with climate change.

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Zeymer, Uwe, e Ralf Zahn. "Akutes Koronarsyndrom – Selektion invasive Strategie und Reperfusion". Aktuelle Kardiologie 13, n. 02 (aprile 2024): 124–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-2236-8545.

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ZusammenfassungBei Patienten mit akutem Koronarsyndrom tragen 2 Parameter wesentlich zur Entscheidungsfindung zur sofortigen invasiven Strategie bei: das EKG und die hämodynamische Situation bei Aufnahme. Bei ST-Strecken-Hebungen und/oder kardiogenem Schock ist eine sofortige invasive Strategie mit Reperfusion indiziert.Bei Patienten ohne ST-Strecken-Hebungen sollte eine frühe Risikostratifizierung inkl. serieller Troponinbestimmungen stattfinden. Bei hämodynamisch und rhythmologisch stabilen Patienten mit Nicht-ST-Strecken-Hebungsinfarkt (NSTEMI) wird eine invasive Diagnostik innerhalb von 24 Stunden nach Aufnahme empfohlen, während Patienten ohne Troponindynamik oder sonstige Risikofaktoren elektiv mittels Kardio-CT, Koronarangiografie oder nicht invasiver Ischämiediagnostik abgeklärt werden können. Auch nach prähospitaler Reanimation ist nur beim ST-Strecken-Hebungsinfarkt (STEMI) und/oder kardiogenem Schock eine sofortige invasive Diagnostik indiziert. Die Reperfusionstherapie beim STEMI sollte routinemäßig mit perkutaner Koronarintervention (PCI) stattfinden, nur bei sehr langen Verzögerungen (> 2 Stunden nach Diagnosestellung) zur PCI kann eine Fibrinolyse erfolgen, die aber immer von einer invasiven Diagnostik gefolgt werden sollte. Beim Vorliegen einer Mehrgefäß-KHK (KHK: koronare Herzerkrankung) ist in aller Regel eine vollständige Revaskularisierung anzustreben, wobei dies bei hämodynamisch stabilen Patienten ein- oder zweizeitig erfolgen kann.

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Cerovac, Anis, e Dubravko Habek. "Viable invasive cervical pregnancy treated with minimally invasive procedures". Česká gynekologie 88, n. 5 (30 ottobre 2023): 380–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.48095/cccg2023380.

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Summary: With an incidence of 1% of all ectopic pregnancies, cervical ectopic pregnancy (CEP) is due to possible early misdiagnosis or bleeding and rupture can become a life-threatening condition with the need for urgent hysterectomy, which has been seen in clinical practice recently. We present a case of early diagnosed invasive CEP treated with combined minimally invasive procedure (MIP) due to acute pelvic pain and bleeding. In our case, we applied several of these methods to a primigravida with early invasive CEP with fertility preservation. By combining the self-described local medications with uterotonics and cervical anaemia treatment, intravenous tranexamic acid and MIP, we were able to preserve the uterus with minimal blood loss and the possibility of future conception. Key words: cervical pregnancy – cervical cerclage – suction curettage – haemostatic sponge – balloon tamponade

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Dellweg, Dominic, e Philipp M. Lepper. "Technische Aspekte und Neuerungen in der nicht-invasiven und invasiven Beatmung". Pneumologie 78, n. 02 (febbraio 2024): 120–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-2229-3854.

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Zusammenfassung Nicht-invasive und invasive Beatmung sind für die Therapie bei akuter und chronischer respiratorischer Insuffizienz unerlässlich geworden. Mehr als ein Drittel der Patienten auf Intensivstationen wird invasiv beatmet, und auch in der außerklinischen Beatmung nimmt die Zahl beatmeter Patienten stetig zu. Während die Normalisierung der Blutgase in vergangenen Jahrzehnten als bedeutsamstes Ziel angesehen wurde und der Gedanke, dass mechanische Beatmung auch Gefahren birgt, kaum eine Rolle spielte, ist der dominierende Gedanke derzeit die Applikation von Beatmung unter möglichst protektiven Gesichtspunkten. Da eine grundlegende Änderung der Gerätetechnik schwierig sein dürfte, wird die Verbesserung protektiver Beatmung und eine Weiterentwicklung des Verständnisses der pathophysiologischen Vorgänge bei akutem und chronischem Lungenversagen auch in der Zukunft eine große Bedeutung haben. Der Artikel fasst unterschiedliche Aspekte der technischen Grundlagen der nicht-invasiven und invasiven Beatmung und deren praktische Umsetzung zusammen.

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Mauritz, M., e D. L. Lipson. "Altered phenology and temperature sensitivity of invasive annual grasses and forbs changes autotrophic and heterotrophic respiration rates in a semi-arid shrub community". Biogeosciences Discussions 10, n. 4 (3 aprile 2013): 6335–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-10-6335-2013.

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Abstract. Many invasions, like the wide-spread establishment of annual grasses and forbs in semi-arid shrublands, are associated with climate change. In order to predict ecosystem carbon (C) storage it is critical that we understand how invasion affects soil respiration (Rt). Because plants and microbes have different seasonal dynamics, determining the relative contribution of autotrophic (Ra) and heterotrophic (Rh) respiration provides critical insight into soil C processes. Using automated soil respiration measurements and root exclusion cores we evaluated the moisture and temperature sensitivity of Rt and Rh and calculated the contribution of Ra in native shrub and invaded areas. Invasion increased cumulative Rt by 40% from 695 (±51) g C m−2 under shrubs to 1050 g C m−2 (±44) in invaded areas. Cumulative Rh did not change but invasion altered the seasonal pattern of Rh. Throughout the season Rt and Rh responded positively to temperature increases when soils were wet and negatively when soils were dry. Invasion increased temperature sensitivity of Rt and Rh in wet soils and decreased temperature sensitivity in dry soils. The altered temperature sensitivity of invasives was attributed largely to differences in phenology. Early phenology of invasive grasses caused rapid Ra increases early in the season; late phenology of invasive forbs resulted in the surprising maintenance of diurnal Ra and Rh signals despite high temperatures and low soil moisture. Invasion extended the respiration season of the system. Ability of the invasive community to withstand high temperatures and drought could confer greater resilience if temperature and precipitation patterns in the region change. The high contribution of Ra by invasive annuals means ecosystem C storage will depend heavily on seasonal rainfall dynamics and productivity of invasive annuals. In semi-arid ecosystems even small scale changes in plant community composition alter Rt, Ra and Rh and should be considered when attempting to predict Rt.

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Villarreal, Miguel, Christopher Soulard e Eric Waller. "Landsat Time Series Assessment of Invasive Annual Grasses Following Energy Development". Remote Sensing 11, n. 21 (30 ottobre 2019): 2553. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11212553.

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Invasive annual grasses are of concern in much of the western United States because they tolerate resource variability and have high reproductive capacity, with propagules that are readily dispersed in disturbed areas like those created and maintained for energy development. Early season invasive grasses “green up” earlier than most native plants, producing a distinct pulse of greenness in the early spring that can be exploited to identify their location using multi-date imagery. To determine if invasive annual grasses increased around energy developments after the construction phase, we calculated an invasives index using Landsat TM and ETM+ imagery for a 34-year time period (1985–2018) and assessed trends for 1755 wind turbines installed between 1988 and 2013 in the southern California desert. The index uses the maximum Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) for early season greenness (January-June), and mean NDVI (July–October) for the later dry season. We estimated the relative cover of invasive annuals each year at turbine locations and control sites and tested for changes before and after each turbine was installed. The time series was also mapped across the region and temporal trends were assessed relative to seasonal precipitation. The results showed an increase in early season invasives at turbine sites after installation, but also an increase in many of the surrounding control areas. Maps of the invasive index show a region-wide increase starting around 1998, and much of the increase occurred in areas surrounding wind development sites. These results suggest that invasions around the energy developments occurred within the context of a larger regional invasion, and while the development did not necessarily initiate the invasion, annual grasses were more prevalent around the developments.

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Kuhman, Timothy R., Scott M. Pearson e Monica G. Turner. "Agricultural land-use history increases non-native plant invasion in a southern Appalachian forest a century after abandonment". Canadian Journal of Forest Research 41, n. 5 (maggio 2011): 920–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x11-026.

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Land-use history can play a significant role in shaping forest communities. We considered the effects of agricultural land-use legacies on the distribution of non-native invasive plants a century after abandonment in a watershed in western North Carolina, USA. Forest sites that were previously in cultivation and abandoned ca. 1905 were compared with nearby reference sites that were never cultivated. The most common invasive plants were Celastrus orbiculatus Thunb., Microstegium vimineum Trin., and Lonicera japonica Thunb. Formerly cultivated sites and plots positioned downslope from roads had the most invasives. Soil cation concentration and pH were positively correlated with invasive presence and abundance. Historic agricultural plots where the successional tree Liriodendron tulipifera L. was dominant had the highest soil cation concentrations and soil pH and the greatest abundance of invasive plants. Disentangling the cause–effect relationships between land-use history, the biotic community, and the abiotic template presents a challenge, but understanding the role of land-use legacies may provide important insights regarding the mechanisms underlying the establishment and spread of invasive plants in forest ecosystems. Our results suggest that land-use history at Bent Creek may be facilitating plant invasion indirectly by causing a shift in overstory community composition that in turn creates more suitable understory conditions for shade-tolerant invasive plants.

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Schuster, Anne, Virginie Neirinckx, Eliane Klein, Petr V. Nazarov, Anais Oudin, Arnaud Muller, Fransisco Azuaje, Christel Herold-Mende, Barbara Klink e Simone Niclou. "ANGI-02. GENOME-WIDE shRNA SCREEN IDENTIFIES CANDIDATE GENES DRIVING GLIOBLASTOMA INVASION". Neuro-Oncology 21, Supplement_6 (novembre 2019): vi30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noz175.113.

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Abstract BACKGROUND A major hallmark of glioblastoma (GBM) is its invasive capacity, contributing to its aggressive behaviour. Invasive cells cannot be easily removed by surgery or irradiation and eventually result in lethal recurrence. A better understanding of the invasion process and the key molecular players underlying the invasive potential of GBM may lead to the identification of new therapeutic targets for GBM patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS To identify candidate genes responsible for invasion, a genome-wide shRNA screen was performed in patient-derived GBM cultures. The most promising candidate was validated in in vitro invasion assays, ex vivo brain slice cultures and in vivo orthotopic xenografts in mice. Gene knockdown in invasive GBM cells was compared with overexpression in non-invasive cells. RNAseq of knockdown cells, along with the generation of deletion constructs were applied to uncover the mechanisms regulating invasion. RESULTS A zinc-finger domain containing protein was identified as an invasion essential candidate gene. Knockdown of this gene confirmed a strong impact on invasion in highly invasive GBM cells. In contrast, gene overexpression switched non-invasive GBM cells to an invasive phenotype. Deletion of one or both zinc-finger motifs decreased invasion indicating that both are essential for regulating invasion. Mutation of the nuclear localisation signal resulted in retention of the protein in the cytoplasm and loss of the invasion phenotype demonstrating that the protein activity is required in the nucleus. Gene expression analyses revealed that invasion-related genes are significantly regulated by the candidate gene once it is localized in the nucleus. CONCLUSION We identified a zinc-finger containing protein as a novel driver of GBM invasion, presumably through transcription factor activity resulting in the induction of an invasive transcriptional program. This protein and its downstream pathway may represent novel promising targets to overcome invasive capacities in GBM.

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Burchardi, H., e B. Schönhofer. "Invasive oder nicht-invasive Beatmung? Kein entweder - oder! - Zum Stellenwert der nicht-invasiven Beatmung -". Pneumologie 54, n. 1 (gennaio 2000): 2–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2000-9058.

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Parsons, Lorraine S., e Benjamin H. Becker. "Invasion by Ammophila arenaria alters soil chemistry, leaving lasting legacy effects on restored coastal dunes in California". Invasive Plant Science and Management 14, n. 2 (17 maggio 2021): 75–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/inp.2021.16.

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AbstractMany restoration projects rely on invasive plant removal to restore ecosystems. However, success of restoration efforts relying on invasive removal can be jeopardized, because in addition to displacing native plants, invasives can also dramatically impact soils. Many studies have documented invasives’ effects on soil chemistry and microbiota. While European beachgrass [Ammophila arenaria (L.) Link] is a worldwide invasive problem in coastal dunes outside northern Europe, little attention has been paid to effects of this species on soil chemistry following invasion, even though it establishes persistent, dense monocultures. In our study, we evaluated effects of A. arenaria invasion on soil chemistry of coastal dunes at Point Reyes National Seashore (PRNS); persistence of effects following removal by mechanical or herbicide treatment (legacy effects); and effects of treatment independent of invasion. Dune restoration efforts at PRNS have met with mixed success, especially in herbicide-treated backdunes, where decomposition of dead A. arenaria has been greatly delayed. Based on results, invasion impacted 74% of 19 variables assessed, although there was a significant interaction in many cases with successional status (earlier vs. later). Almost 60% of invasion effects persisted after restoration, with legacy effects prevalent in herbicide-treated backdunes where sand deposition from adjacent beaches could not mitigate effects as it could in herbicide-treated foredunes. Mechanical removal—or inversion of invaded surface soils with less-contaminated subsoils—resulted in fewer legacy effects, but more treatment effects, primarily in backdunes. Soil chemistry may decelerate decomposition of A. arenaria due to the limited nitrogen (N) available to enable microbial breakdown of the high carbon(C):N (70.8:1) material, but microbial factors probably play a more important role. Success of restoration at PRNS may not be fully realized until legacy effects are resolved through additional actions such as inoculation with healthy microbiomes or necromass reduction through controlled burning.

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Castillo-Campos, Gonzalo, José G. García-Franco, M. Luisa Martínez e J. Jesús Pale-Pale. "Alien and Potentially Invasive Plants in Four Lagoons on the Island of Cozumel, Mexico". Plants 12, n. 9 (8 maggio 2023): 1918. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12091918.

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The expansion of alien invasive species is a worldwide threat that affects most ecosystems. Islands and freshwater ecosystems are among the most vulnerable to species invasion, resulting in reduced biodiversity. In this study, we aimed to explore the floristic composition of the aquatic vegetation in four lagoons in southeastern Cozumel and assess the occurrence and abundance of alien and potentially invasive plants. We found a total of 43 aquatic or underwater herbaceous species that are subject to periodic flooding. Cluster analyses grouped the lagoons into two groups according to their floristic composition. The results demonstrate that alien and potentially invasive plants were dominant in 3 of the 4 lagoons, representing from 7 to 43% of the species. Six of these species were notably abundant, especially in three lagoons. Further, 2 species are considered among the 100 worst invasive species worldwide, although their abundance in Mexico remains relatively reduced. Five alien and potentially invasive species are terrestrial and grow on the shore of the lagoons, while one is aquatic. Urgent control and management actions are necessary. These should include (a) early detection and surveillance to determine if the alien species found behave as invasives; (b) understanding the relevance of invasive species; (c) preventing and intercepting; and (d) control and management. Habitat restoration, adequate legislation, collaboration between stakeholders, and raising awareness of the dangers of releasing or cultivating invasive species in the wild are also necessary.

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Schuster, A., V. Neirinckx, E. Klein, P. V. Nazarov, A. Oudin, A. Muller, F. Azuaje, C. Herold-Mende, B. Klink e S. P. Niclou. "P11.26 Genome-wide shRNA screen identifies candidate genes driving glioblastoma invasion". Neuro-Oncology 21, Supplement_3 (agosto 2019): iii48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noz126.172.

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Abstract BACKGROUND A major hallmark of glioblastoma (GBM) is its highly invasive capacity, contributing to its aggressive behaviour. Since invasive cells cannot be easily removed by surgery or irradiation, they are left behind and eventually result in lethal recurrence. Therefore, a better understanding of the invasion process and of the key molecular players underlying the invasive capacities of GBM may lead to the identification of new therapeutic targets for GBM patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS To identify candidate genes responsible for invasion, a genome-wide shRNA screen was performed in patient-derived GBM sphere cultures. The phenotype of the most promising candidate was validated in in vitro invasion assays, ex vivo brain slice cultures and in vivo orthotopic xenografts in mice. Gene knockdown in invasive GBM cell lines was compared with overexpression in non-invasive cells. RNA sequencing of knockdown cells, along with the generation of deletion constructs were applied to uncover the mechanisms regulating invasion. RESULTS Through a whole genome shRNA screen, a zinc-finger containing protein was identified as an invasion essential candidate gene. Knockdown of this gene confirmed a strong decrease in invasion capacity in two highly invasive GBM cell lines. In contrast, gene overexpression switched non-invasive GBM cells to an invasive phenotype. Deletion of either one or both zinc-finger motifs led to decreased invasion indicating that the two zinc-finger motifs are essential for regulating invasion. Mutation of the nuclear localisation signal resulted in retention of the protein in the cytoplasm and loss of the invasion phenotype demonstrating that the protein activity is required in the nucleus. Gene expression analyses revealed that invasion-related genes are significantly regulated by the candidate gene once it is localized in the nucleus. CONCLUSION We identified a zinc-finger containing protein as a novel driver of GBM invasion, presumably through a transcription factor activity resulting in the induction of an invasive transcriptional program. This protein and its downstream pathway may represent a novel promising target to overcome invasive capacities in GBM.

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Wang, Zhe, Xiaojie Cai e Zhiyi Yin. "Research Progress on Phenotypic Plasticity of Invasive Plants in Response to Drought Stress". E3S Web of Conferences 245 (2021): 02020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202124502020.

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Biological invasion seriously threatens ecological stability and social development. One of the bases for forming invasion is alien species’ strong phenotypic plasticity. Phenotypic plasticity can help alien species adapt to environmental changes and enhance their invasive ability. China is one of the countries seriously affected by drought. Under the background of environmental drought, exploring the reasons why invasive plants can gain growth advantages and mastering the phenotypic changes of invasive plants in response to drought stress are conducive to helping us understand more about the invasion mechanism of invasive species. In this paper, the research progresses of invasive plants’ morphological plasticity and physiological plasticity under drought stress in recent years are reviewed, the invasive plants’ morphological and physiological metabolic characteristics under drought are summarized, and the growth advantages of invasive plants are discussed, which provided a scientific theoretical basis for alleviating the serious harm caused by biological invasion to China’s natural environment.

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Chen, Xi, e Carol A. Kumamoto. "A conserved G protein (Drg1p) plays a role in regulation of invasive filamentation in Candida albicans". Microbiology 152, n. 12 (1 dicembre 2006): 3691–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.29246-0.

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During infection, the opportunistic fungal pathogen Candida albicans grows invasively into the tissues of its host, forming filaments that penetrate the host tissue. To search for genes that are important for invasive filamentation, a screen for mutants that were defective in invasion of agar medium was conducted. A mutant carrying an insertion mutation in the locus of a gene, termed here DRG1, was identified. DRG1 encodes a highly conserved cytoplasmic G protein, with orthologues in the genomes of organisms from humans to yeast and archaea. C. albicans strains lacking Drg1p were defective in producing filaments that penetrated agar media, but produced filaments normally under other conditions, such as during liquid growth. When inoculated intravenously into mice, the drg1 null mutant caused delayed lethality accompanied by delayed invasive growth in the kidneys of the host, in comparison with those of the wild-type strain. These results implicate Drg1p in the control of invasive filamentation in the laboratory, and in the progression of invasive disease in the host.

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Bia, Daniel, Yanina Zócalo, Ramiro Sánchez, Juan F. Torrado, Gustavo Lev, Oscar Mendiz, Franco Pessana, Agustín Ramírez e Edmundo I. Cabrera-Fischer. "Brachial Blood Pressure Invasively and Non-Invasively Obtained Using Oscillometry and Applanation Tonometry: Impact of Mean Blood Pressure Equations and Calibration Schemes on Agreement Levels". Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease 10, n. 2 (26 gennaio 2023): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcdd10020045.

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The use of oscillometric methods to determine brachial blood pressure (bBP) can lead to a systematic underestimation of the invasively measured systolic (bSBP) and pulse (bPP) pressure levels, together with a significant overestimation of diastolic pressure (bDBP). Similarly, the agreement between brachial mean blood pressure (bMBP), invasively and non-invasively measured, can be affected by inaccurate estimations/assumptions. Despite several methodologies that can be applied to estimate bMBP non-invasively, there is no consensus on which approach leads to the most accurate estimation. Aims: to evaluate the association and agreement between: (1) non-invasive (oscillometry) and invasive bBP; (2) invasive bMBP, and bMBP (i) measured by oscillometry and (ii) calculated using six different equations; and (3) bSBP and bPP invasively and non-invasively obtained by applanation tonometry and employing different calibration methods. To this end, invasive aortic blood pressure and bBP (catheterization), and non-invasive bBP (oscillometry [Mobil-O-Graph] and brachial artery applanation tonometry [SphygmoCor]) were simultaneously obtained (34 subjects, 193 records). bMBP was calculated using different approaches. Results: (i) the agreement between invasive bBP and their respective non-invasive measurements (oscillometry) showed dependence on bBP levels (proportional error); (ii) among the different approaches used to obtain bMBP, the equation that includes a form factor equal to 33% (bMBP = bDBP + bPP/3) showed the best association with the invasive bMBP; (iii) the best approach to estimate invasive bSBP and bPP from tonometry recordings is based on the calibration scheme that employs oscillometric bMBP. On the contrary, the worst association between invasive and applanation tonometry-derived bBP levels was observed when the brachial pulse waveform was calibrated to bMBP quantified as bMBP = bDBP + bPP/3. Our study strongly emphasizes the need for methodological transparency and consensus for non-invasive bMBP assessment.

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Singh, Atul K. "State of aquatic invasive species in tropical India: An overview". Aquatic Ecosystem Health & Management 24, n. 2 (1 aprile 2021): 13–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.14321/aehm.024.02.05.

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Abstract India, a megadiverse tropical country is grappling with the rising trend of aquatic invasions. Out of 532 introduced non-native fish, 16 species of freshwater aquaculture and aquarium were assessed invasive by using a risk assessment protocol, ‘Fish Invasiveness Screening Test’. Six major identified invasion pathways of the aquatic invasive species were inadvertent or deliberate releases, escapes, contaminants from hatcheries, river corridors, stowaways and unaided introductions. Invasion mechanism further elucidated the factors promoting successful invasion in freshwater ecosystems. For predictive future performance of invasive fish, the concrete and predictive values based on mean abundance by weight was calculated. Over 28.67% and 29.02 % persistent increased yield of the invasive Tilapia and Common Carp respectively was predicted in the Ganga river in the coming decades. Single species Tilapia invasion facilitated multiple species fish invasion, manifesting in invasion meltdown. The trophic changes due to fish invasion exhibited biotic homogenization with trophic downgrading. Aquatic invasive species were found highly competitive interacting with native species causing serious biodiversity loss, health hazards, and economic damage consequently affecting the ecosystem services. In spite of available regulatory approaches and guidelines to manage aquatic invasive species, fish invasion has been on the rise. This paper suggests modifications and stringent implementation of the existing regulatory mechanisms besides adopting linkages, cutting-edge research on invasion science and modern molecular containment tools for effective management.

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Engelkes, Tim, e Nicholas J. Mills. "A fast-track for invasion: invasive plants promote the performance of an invasive herbivore". Biological Invasions 15, n. 1 (29 giugno 2012): 101–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10530-012-0271-4.

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Wust, Peter, Chie Hee Cho, Bert Hildebrandt e Johanna Gellermann. "Thermal monitoring: Invasive, minimal-invasive and non-invasive approaches". International Journal of Hyperthermia 22, n. 3 (gennaio 2006): 255–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02656730600661149.

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Sun, Zhongxiang, Yao Chen, Yaping Chen, Zhihui Lu e Furong Gui. "Tracking Adaptive Pathways of Invasive Insects: Novel Insight from Genomics". International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, n. 9 (28 aprile 2023): 8004. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24098004.

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Abstract (sommario):

Despite the huge human and economic costs of invasive insects, which are the main group of invasive species, their environmental impacts through various mechanisms remain inadequately explained in databases and much of the invasion biology literature. High-throughput sequencing technology, especially whole-genome sequencing, has been used as a powerful method to study the mechanisms through which insects achieve invasion. In this study, we reviewed whole-genome sequencing-based advances in revealing several important invasion mechanisms of invasive insects, including (1) the rapid genetic variation and evolution of invasive populations, (2) invasion history and dispersal paths, (3) rapid adaptation to different host plant ranges, (4) strong environmental adaptation, (5) the development of insecticide resistance, and (6) the synergistic damage caused by invasive insects and endosymbiotic bacteria. We also discussed prevention and control technologies based on whole-genome sequencing and their prospects.

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Rooney, Thomas P., e David A. Rogers. "Colonization and Effects of Garlic Mustard (Alliaria petiolata), European Buckthorn (Rhamnus cathartica), and Bell's Honeysuckle (Lonicera × bella) on Understory Plants After Five Decades in Southern Wisconsin Forests". Invasive Plant Science and Management 4, n. 3 (settembre 2011): 317–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/ipsm-d-10-00084.1.

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AbstractPreinvasion baseline data on entire communities are absent for most taxa in most places, and this limits our ability to connect long-term ecological changes to particular invasive species or invasion events. We obtained data on forest understory composition from 94 stands in the 1950s and again the 2000s. We recorded within-stand frequency of occurrence for garlic mustard, European buckthorn, and Bell's honeysuckle and identified changes in native plant species density in 20, 1-m2 quadrats in invaded and noninvaded stands. All three invasive species were absent from all study sites 50 yr ago, yet at least one was present in 77.7% of the stands by the 2000s. All three species were present in 14.9% of the stands. Garlic mustard and European buckthorn were found at 47.9% of resurveyed sites, and Bell's honeysuckle was found in 40.4% of resurveyed sites. Native understory plant species density declined an average of 23.1% during the past 50 yr. Declines were not significantly different in stands with or without invasive plants. The absence of a measurable effect by invasive plant presence or frequency could be due to invasive plants being too few to have a measurable effect at the plot scale, species density being an insensitive response variable, time lags between invasions and effects, or regional factors like development pressure and fire suppression driving density declines in both invasives and native species.

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Noguchi, M. "MS05.02 Defining Invasion in Minimally Invasive Adenocarcinoma". Journal of Thoracic Oncology 13, n. 10 (ottobre 2018): S258—S259. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtho.2018.08.130.

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25

Russell, James C., Nurul S. Sataruddin e Allison D. Heard. "Over-invasion by functionally equivalent invasive species". Ecology 95, n. 8 (agosto 2014): 2268–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/13-1672.1.

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Carr, I., M. Levy e P. Watson. "The invasive edge: invasion in colorectal cancer". Clinical & Experimental Metastasis 4, n. 2 (1986): 129–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00119079.

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Badlani, Neil, Elizabeth Yu, Junyoung Ahn, Mark F. Kurd e Safdar N. Khan. "Minimally Invasive/Less Invasive Microdiscectomy". Clinical Spine Surgery 29, n. 3 (aprile 2016): 108–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/bsd.0000000000000369.

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Balasubramanian, SP, e BJ Harrison. "Simplified minimally invasive invasive parathyroidectomy". Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England 93, n. 7 (ottobre 2011): 563–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/147870811x598542.

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Gaisa, N. T., e K. Lindemann-Docter. "Nicht-invasive und invasive Urothelneoplasien". Der Urologe 52, n. 7 (27 giugno 2013): 949–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00120-013-3225-2.

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Kelley, Kathleen M., Janine R. Stumpf, James C. Sellmer e Ricky M. Bates. "Invasive Plant Species: Consumer Awareness, Knowledge, and Expectations". HortScience 40, n. 4 (luglio 2005): 1136A—1136. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.40.4.1136a.

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Abstract (sommario):

Consumers were surveyed at the 2004 Philadelphia Flower Show in Philadelphia, Pa. from 8–10 Mar., to quantify their attitudes and behaviors towards invasive plant species and the potential problems associated with purchasing and planting invasives in the landscape. A majority of the 341 participants (81.5%) was aware that non-native exotic plants were used in the landscape and that these plants may be invasive in natural areas. Less than half (40.1%) acknowledged owning plants that were considered invasive, while one-third (33.5%) did not know. Less than half (41.3%) believed that laws should be passed to prevent sale of non-native exotic plants, while 27.8% believed that laws should be passed to allow sale of only native plants in their area. Three distinct consumer segments were identified using cluster analysis: “Invasive savvy,” participants knowledgeable about invasives and interested in alternative species; “Invasive neutral,” participants neutral in their decision to purchasing alternatives to invasive plants and price sensitive in regard to paying more for plants tested for invasiveness; and “Invasive inactive,” participants opposed to purchasing genetically modified plants or those bred to be seedless. Survey results indicated that media sources (e.g., television and newspapers/magazines/books) would be effective for educating consumers about potential problems associated with invasive species in the landscape.

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Nguyen, Tin-Quoc, Kristoffer Hansen, Thor Bechsgaard, Lars Lönn, Jørgen Jensen e Michael Nielsen. "Non-Invasive Assessment of Intravascular Pressure Gradients: A Review of Current and Proposed Novel Methods". Diagnostics 9, n. 1 (29 dicembre 2018): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics9010005.

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Invasive catheterization is associated with a low risk of serious complications. However, although it is the gold standard for measuring pressure gradients, it induces changes to blood flow and requires significant resources. Therefore, non-invasive alternatives are urgently needed. Pressure gradients are routinely estimated non-invasively in clinical settings using ultrasound and calculated with the simplified Bernoulli equation, a method with several limitations. A PubMed literature search on validation of non-invasive techniques was conducted, and studies were included if non-invasively estimated pressure gradients were compared with invasively measured pressure gradients in vivo. Pressure gradients were mainly estimated from velocities obtained with Doppler ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging. Most studies used the simplified Bernoulli equation, but more recent studies have employed the expanded Bernoulli and Navier–Stokes equations. Overall, the studies reported good correlation between non-invasive estimation of pressure gradients and catheterization. Despite having strong correlations, several studies reported the non-invasive techniques to either overestimate or underestimate the invasive measurements, thus questioning the accuracy of the non-invasive methods. In conclusion, more advanced imaging techniques may be needed to overcome the shortcomings of current methods.

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Kovács, Attila. "Minimal-invasive Krebstherapien". Deutsche Zeitschrift für Onkologie 51, n. 01 (marzo 2019): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0857-7107.

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Abstract (sommario):

ZusammenfassungMinimal-invasive Eingriffe erweitern wesentlich das therapeutische Spektrum in der Onkologie und eröffnen neue Dimensionen, was die Überlebensraten, aber auch die Therapieverträglichkeit und Patientenfreundlichkeit betrifft. Viele interdisziplinäre Behandlungskonzepte haben sich unter dem Einfluss minimal-invasiver Verfahren entscheidend verändert, und dieser Prozess ist noch nicht abgeschlossen. Die rasante Entwicklung minimal-invasiver Therapien lässt kurz-, mittel- und langfristig auf neue Therapiekonzepte hoffen. Bildgesteuerte Hybrid-Technologien ergänzen zunehmend und ersetzen teilweise klassische Operationen. Im neu angebrochenen Zeitalter der Immuno-Onkologie ist die interdisziplinäre Zusammenarbeit und die Konzentration auf individualisierte und patientennahe Therapien essentiell. Man kann Patienten wie Therapeuten nur ermutigen, mehr die radiologisch-interventionelle Expertise bezüglich minimal-invasiver Therapien zu nutzen.

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Khan, Amir, Nicole Cho, Saniya Khan, Martha Gulati, Danielle Belardo e Mladen Vidovich. "Too Invasive? Lifestyle Practices of Invasive Versus Non-Invasive Cardiologists". Cardiovascular Revascularization Medicine 40 (luglio 2022): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carrev.2022.06.174.

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Khan, Amir, Nicole A. Cho, Saniya Khan, Danielle Belardo, Martha Gulati e Mladen I. Vidovich. "TOO INVASIVE? LIFESTYLE PRACTICES OF INVASIVE VERSUS NON-INVASIVE CARDIOLOGISTS". Journal of the American College of Cardiology 79, n. 9 (marzo 2022): 1610. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0735-1097(22)02601-8.

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Postigo, Jose-Luis. "New records of invasive Parakeet hybrids in Spain. A great opportunity to apply the rapid response mechanism". European Journal of Ecology 2, n. 2 (1 dicembre 2016): 19–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eje-2016-0013.

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Abstract (sommario):

Abstract Prevention, early warning and rapid response are the most effective measures in preventing the impacts of invasive species. The Rose-ringed Parakeet Psittacula krameri, is an invasive species widely spread across Europe, including Spain. The Alexandrine Parakeet Psittacula eupatria is also an invasive species established in Europe, but not in Spain, although a species distribution model classified parts of Spain as ‘highly suitable’ and an invasion risk assessment predicted a ‘high risk of invasion’ in Europe. The first hybrids from these two species were recently detected in Spain. Based on these data, we suggest to capture the hybrids to prevent further invasion and possible interaction with other invasive parakeets in Spain.

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Choudhary, Nikita, Joseph Garcia, Erin Akins, Saket Jain, Kayla Wolf, Jason Zhang, Meeki Lad et al. "TMET-22. MULTI-OMIC SCREENING OF INVASIVE GBM CELLS IN ENGINEERED BIOMATERIALS AND PATIENT BIOPSIES REVEALS TARGETABLE TRANSSULFURATION PATHWAY ALTERATIONS". Neuro-Oncology 25, Supplement_5 (1 novembre 2023): v277. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noad179.1066.

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Abstract While the poor prognosis of glioblastoma arises from the invasion of a subset of tumor cells, little is known of the metabolic alterations within these cells that fuel invasion. We integrated spatially addressable hydrogel biomaterial platforms, patient site-directed biopsies, and multi-omics analyses to define metabolic drivers of invasive glioblastoma cells. Metabolomics and lipidomics revealed elevations in the redox buffers cystathionine, hexosylceramides, and glucosyl ceramides in the invasive front of both hydrogel-cultured tumors and patient site-directed biopsies, with immunofluorescence indicating elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) markers in invasive cells. Transcriptomics confirmed upregulation of ROS-producing and response genes at the invasive front in both hydrogel models and patient tumors. Amongst oncologic ROS, hydrogen peroxide specifically promoted glioblastoma invasion in 3D hydrogel spheroid cultures. A CRISPR metabolic gene screen revealed cystathionine gamma lyase (CTH), which converts cystathionine to the non-essential amino acid cysteine in the transsulfuration pathway, to be essential for glioblastoma invasion. Correspondingly, supplementing CTH knockdown cells with exogenous cysteine rescued invasion. Pharmacologic CTH inhibition suppressed glioblastoma invasion, while CTH knockdown slowed glioblastoma invasion in vivo. Our studies highlight the importance of ROS metabolism in invasive glioblastoma cells and support further exploration of the transsulfuration pathway as a mechanistic and therapeutic target.

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Suwannakul, S., G. P. Stafford, S. A. Whawell e C. W. I. Douglas. "Identification of bistable populations of Porphyromonas gingivalis that differ in epithelial cell invasion". Microbiology 156, n. 10 (1 ottobre 2010): 3052–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.038075-0.

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Bistable populations of bacteria give rise to two or more subtypes that exhibit different phenotypes. We have explored whether the periodontal pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis exhibits bistable invasive phenotypes. Using a modified cell invasion assay, we show for the first time that there are two distinct subtypes within a population of P. gingivalis strains NCTC 11834 and W50 that display differences in their ability to invade oral epithelial cells. The highly invasive subtype invades cells at 10–30-fold higher levels than the poorly invasive subtype and remains highly invasive for approximately 12–16 generations. Analysis of the gingipain activity of these subtypes revealed that the highly invasive type had reduced cell-associated arginine-specific protease activity. The role of Arg-gingipain activity in invasion was verified by enhancement of invasion by rgpAB mutations and by inclusion of an Arg-gingipain inhibitor in invasion assays using wild-type bacteria. In addition, a population of ΔrgpAB bacteria did not contain a hyperinvasive subtype. Screening of the protease activity of wild-type populations of both strains identified high and low protease subtypes which also showed a corresponding reduction or enhancement, respectively, of invasive capabilities. Microarray analysis of these bistable populations revealed a putative signature set of genes that includes oxidative stress resistance and iron transport genes, and which might be critical to invasion of or survival within epithelial cells.

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Baxter-Gilbert, James, Julia L. Riley, Carla Wagener, Cláudia Baider, F. B. Vincent Florens, Peter Kowalski, May Campbell e John Measey. "Island Hopping through Urban Filters: Anthropogenic Habitats and Colonized Landscapes Alter Morphological and Performance Traits of an Invasive Amphibian". Animals 12, n. 19 (23 settembre 2022): 2549. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12192549.

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A prominent feature of the modern era is the increasing spread of invasive species, particularly within island and urban ecosystems, and these occurrences provide valuable natural experiments by which evolutionary and invasion hypotheses can be tested. In this study, we used the invasion route of guttural toads (Sclerophrys gutturalis) from natural-native and urban-native populations (Durban, South Africa) to their urban-invasive and natural-invasive populations (Mauritius and Réunion) to determine whether phenotypic changes that arose once the toads became urbanized in their native range have increased their invasive potential before they were transported (i.e., prior adaptation) or whether the observed changes are unique to the invasive populations. This urban/natural by native/invasive gradient allowed us to examine differences in guttural toad morphology (i.e., body size, hindlimb, and hindfoot length) and performance capacity (i.e., escape speed, endurance, and climbing ability) along their invasion route. Our findings indicate that invasive island populations have reduced body sizes, shorter limbs in relation to snout-vent length, decreased escape speeds, and decreased endurance capacities that are distinct from the native mainland populations (i.e., invasion-derived change). Thus, these characteristics did not likely arise directly from a pre-transport anthropogenic “filter” (i.e., urban-derived change). Climbing ability, however, did appear to originate within the urban-native range and was maintained within the invasive populations, thereby suggesting it may have been a prior adaptation that provided this species with an advantage during its establishment in urban areas and spread into natural forests. We discuss how this shift in climbing performance may be ecologically related to the success of urban and invasive guttural toad populations, as well as how it may have impacted other island-derived morphological and performance phenotypes.

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Olson, Lars J. "The Economics of Terrestrial Invasive Species: A Review of the Literature". Agricultural and Resource Economics Review 35, n. 1 (aprile 2006): 178–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1068280500010145.

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This paper reviews the literature on the economics of invasive species management as it applies to invasive species in general and terrestrial invasive species in particular. The paper summarizes a number of recent studies that assign values to the economic impact of terrestrial invasive species on a national scale. This is followed by a review of the economic literature on control and prevention of a biological invasion and the literature on international trade and trade policy with invasive species. The paper then reviews selected studies on terrestrial invasive plants, animals, and microbes, respectively.

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Yoshida, Masakazu, Akihiko Ishimura, Minoru Terashima, Zanabazar Enkhbaatar, Naohito Nozaki, Kenji Satou e Takeshi Suzuki. "PLU1 histone demethylase decreases the expression of KAT5 and enhances the invasive activity of the cells". Biochemical Journal 437, n. 3 (13 luglio 2011): 555–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20110343.

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PLU1 is a candidate oncogene that encodes H3K4 (Lys4 of histone H3) demethylase. In the present study, we found that ectopic expression of PLU1 enhanced the invasive potential of the weakly invasive cells dependent on its demethylase activity. PLU1 was shown to repress the expression of the KAT5 gene through its H3K4 demethylation on the promoter. The regulation of KAT5 by PLU1 was suggested to be responsible for PLU1-induced cell invasion. First, knockdown of KAT5 similarly increased the invasive potential of the cells. Secondly, knockdown of PLU1 in the highly invasive cancer cells increased KAT5 expression and reduced the invasive activity. Thirdly, simultaneous knockdown of KAT5 partially relieved the suppression of cell invasion imposed by PLU1 knockdown. Finally, we found that CD82, which was transcriptionally regulated by KAT5, might be a candidate effector of cell invasion promoted by PLU1. The present study demonstrated a functional contribution of PLU1 overexpression with concomitant epigenetic dysregulation in cancer progression.

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Nieves Arellano, A., HC Gutiérrez Vargas, JS Rodríguez González, PA Montano Hernández, JDC Ortiz Pérez, JM Díaz e Silvia Denise Ponce Campos. "From Non-Invasive to Invasive Diagnosis in Pleural Tuberculosis: Case Series and Literature Review". Series of Clinical and Medical Case Reports and Reviews 2, n. 2 (12 aprile 2024): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.54178/2993-3579.v2i2a2028.

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Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) in Mexico is considered an endemic public health problem. Infection in adults is caused 95% of the time by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Although non-invasive diagnostic techniques are the first choice, the diagnostic yield of these techniques does not always allow definitive diagnosis, so sometimes, surgical biopsy is necessary. Objective: To describe two cases of pleural TB with a difficult diagnosis in which non-invasive diagnostic tests were inconclusive. Conclusion: In the presence of pleural or pulmonary nodules or tumors, we should consider TB as a differential diagnosis, as well as in those patients whose clinical suspicion is high and non-invasive methods have not been diagnostic. Therefore, the surgical approach is still an option for these patients.

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Dharmani, Poonam, Jaclyn Strauss, Christian Ambrose, Emma Allen-Vercoe e Kris Chadee. "Fusobacterium nucleatum Infection of Colonic Cells Stimulates MUC2 Mucin and Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha". Infection and Immunity 79, n. 7 (2 maggio 2011): 2597–607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.05118-11.

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ABSTRACTThe etiology of inflammatory bowel disease is not completely known, but it is influenced by the presence of normal gut microflora as well as yet-unrecognized pathogens. The anaerobic, Gram-negative bacterial speciesFusobacterium nucleatumis a common resident of the human mouth and gut and varies in its pathogenic potential. In this study, we demonstrate that highly invasiveF. nucleatumisolates derived from the inflamed guts of Crohn's disease patients evoked significantly greater MUC2 and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) gene expression than minimally invasive strains isolated from the noninflamed gut in human colonic epithelial cells and in a rat ligated colonic loop model of infection. Only liveF. nucleatuminduced mucin secretion and TNF-α expression in direct contact with and/or during invasion of colonic cells. In rat colons, mucin secretion was augmented in response to a highly invasiveF. nucleatumisolate but was unaffected by treatment with a minimally invasive strain. Taken together, these studies reveal thatF. nucleatummay represent a challenging pathogen in the etiology of gut inflammatory diseases and highlight the importance of different pathotypes of candidate bacterial species in disease pathogenesis.

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Dutta, Utpal, Mahin Aboobacker B e Rituparna Bora. "Comparison between Invasive and Non-Invasive Blood Pressure Monitoring in High-Risk Prolonged Surgeries in a Medical College of Assam". Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare 8, n. 30 (26 luglio 2021): 2790–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.18410/jebmh/2021/512.

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BACKGROUND Blood pressure monitoring in intraoperative period is one of the basic parameters in haemodynamic monitoring. This guides an anaesthesiologist to maintain an optimal condition between the patient’s stress condition and the depth of anaesthesia. Blood pressure can be measured either invasively or non-invasively in patients undergoing surgery. Invasive measurement from an arterial line is the preferred method even though there may be calibration errors, movement artefacts and over or under damping. The gold standard in cases of high-risk prolonged surgery is continuous monitoring of blood pressure by means of invasive blood pressure (IBP) measurement. The purpose of this study was to compare the non-invasive and invasive blood pressure monitoring in patients undergoing high risk surgeries METHODS After getting institutional ethical committee (H) clearance, study was conducted on 40 patients undergoing high-risk prolonged surgeries. Non-invasive blood pressures (NIBP) were recorded by oscillometric method before intubation, after intubation, half an hour after intubation and one hour after intubation. Simultaneously invasive blood pressure monitoring was done by establishing radial artery line. Bland-Altman plot was used to compare the blood pressure measurement by the non-invasive and invasive method. RESULTS Systolic blood pressure readings using non-invasive blood pressure monitoring was overestimated, diastolic and mean arterial pressure (MAP) readings using noninvasive blood pressure monitoring was underestimated in all instances. In all time points non-invasive blood pressure showed a good correlation with invasive blood pressure. CONCLUSIONS The study revealed that there is statistically significant difference between noninvasive and invasive blood pressure readings. We recommend invasive blood pressure monitoring in high-risk surgeries and critically ill patients, although a large-scale study is required to arrive at a conclusion. KEYWORDS Non-invasive Blood Pressure, Invasive Blood Pressure, Bland-Altman Analysis, High Risk Surgery

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Makboul, Marwa, Shimaa Farghaly e Islam F. Abdelkawi. "Multiparametric MRI in differentiation between muscle invasive and non-muscle invasive urinary bladder cancer with vesical imaging reporting and data system (VI-RADS) application". British Journal of Radiology 92, n. 1104 (dicembre 2019): 20190401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1259/bjr.20190401.

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Objective: To evaluate role of multiparametric MRI (mp-MRI) in differentiation between invasive and non-invasive bladder cancer and accuracy of vesical imaging reporting and data system (VI-RADS) score. Methods and materials: 50 patients diagnosed as cancer bladder were enrolled in this study, mp-MRI including conventional (T1 weighted imaging and high resolution T2 weighted imaging) and functional sequences (diffusion-weighted imaging and dynamic contrast enhanced-MRI) were done, all data were regrouped to evaluate the accuracy of each separate sequence and mp-MRI in distinguishing non-muscle invasive from muscle-invasive tumors, with VI-RADS score application and comparison with pathological findings, then interobserver agreement for detection of muscle invasion according to mp-MRI and VI-RADS scoring system findings was calculated. Results: Diagnostic accuracy of mp-MRI in differentiation between muscle invasive and non-muscle invasive bladder cancer was (84%) with highest sensitivity (78%), very good agreement between mp-MRI and histopathological data (k = 0.87), and highest area under curve (AUC) reaching 0.83, dynamic contrast enhanced-MRI sequence showed the highest accuracy in muscle invasion detection by (88%), with highest AUC 0.83. Diagnostic accuracy of VI-RADS score in detection of muscle invasion was 84%, with specificity and negative predictive value of 88% and AUC was 0.83. Interobserver agreement was strong as regard diagnostic performance of mp-MRI and VI-RADS scoring for detection of muscle invasion reaching (K = 0.82, p < 0.001) and (K = 0.87, p < 0.001) respectively. Conclusion: mp-MRI is considered as comprehensive and effective tool for determination of muscle invasion in cases of urinary bladder cancer. Also VI-RADS scoring system can accurately differentiate between invasive and non-invasive bladder cancer. Advances in knowledge: The VI-RADS system was recently suggested for the uniform evaluation of muscle invasion in cancer bladder by mp-MRI. In this paper, we applied this system to 50 cases to evaluate its ease and compared the results with the histopathological findings for evaluation of its accuracy.

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Coenen, Catharina. "Invasive". Appalachian Heritage 47, n. 2 (2019): 22–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/aph.2019.0027.

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Kinsella, A. R., G. L. Bowie, J. K. Fields e A. S. Jones. "Expression of the cell–cell adhesion molecule E-cadherin in tongue carcinoma cell lines". Journal of Laryngology & Otology 108, n. 11 (novembre 1994): 957–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215100128622.

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AbstractA reduction in cell adhesiveness and cell invasion are essential steps in tumour progression. In the present study six tongue carcinoma cell lines were compared with regard to their invasive potential in two in vitro invasion assay systems and for their patterns of expression of the cell–cell adhesion molecule E-cadherin. The three cell lines negative for E-cadherin expression were invasive in both assays. One cell line with strong E-cadherin expression was strongly invasive and one weakly invasive. One cell line with reduced E-cadherin expression was weakly invasive. There was no significant pattern to these findings (x2 = 0.375; p = 0.54). This supports previous studies from this group that suggest that E-cadherin is only one of the presumably many molecules involved in tumour progression in squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue.

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Fitzgerald, S. P. "Invasive versus non-invasive coronary angiography". Internal Medicine Journal 41, n. 7 (luglio 2011): 582–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1445-5994.2011.02519.x.

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Popat, Bhavesh, e Andrew T. Jones. "Invasive and non-invasive mechanical ventilation". Medicine 40, n. 6 (giugno 2012): 298–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mpmed.2012.03.010.

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Popat, Bhavesh, e Andrew T. Jones. "Invasive and non-invasive mechanical ventilation". Medicine 44, n. 6 (giugno 2016): 346–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mpmed.2016.03.008.

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Rebouché, Rachel. "Non-Invasive Testing, Non-Invasive Counseling". Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 43, n. 2 (2015): 228–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jlme.12237.

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A regulatory moment for prenatal health care is here. An increasing amount of legislative attention has concentrated on the decisions pregnant women make after prenatal testing. The impetus for this legislation is a new non-invasive prenatal genetic test (NIPT). From the beginning of pregnancy, cell-free fetal DNA travels across the placental lining into the mother’s bloodstream, increasing in quantity as the pregnancy progresses. Laboratories can now analyze that DNA for chromosomal abnormalities and for fetal sex at 10 weeks of gestation. NIPT, which relies on a sample of the pregnant woman’s blood, is painless, occurs early in pregnancy, and is available for clinical and commercial use. In 2013, major health insurance plans began to cover NIPT for certain populations of women, such as women over 35 years old. And private companies have started marketing prenatal testing kits directly to consumers, who return a blood sample from the prospective mother to a company laboratory.

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