Tesi sul tema "Intimate partner sexual violence"
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1
Boy, Angela. "Intimate partner violence among Latinas in Central Alabama". Thesis, Birmingham, Ala. : University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2010. https://www.mhsl.uab.edu/dt/2010p/boy.pdf.
2
Lippy, Caroline. "Violence Outside to Violence Within: The Experience of Sexual Minorities in Schools and Intimate Relationships". Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia State University, 2008. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/psych_theses/51/.
Abstract (sommario):
Thesis (M.A.)--Georgia State University, 2008.Title from title page (Digital Archive@GSU, viewed June 14, 2010) Julia Perilla, committee chair; Roger Bakeman, Gabriel Kuperminc, committee members. Includes bibliographical references (p. 81-94).
3
Smith, Rachel Marie. "A Community Engaged Approach to Address Intimate Partner Violence among Sexual Minority Women". PDXScholar, 2016. http://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3323.
Abstract (sommario):
In response to a dearth of empirical literature concerning the mechanisms underlying female same-sex intimate partner violence (FSSIPV) perpetration, the purpose of this research is to inform intimate partner violence intervention and prevention strategies specific to sexual minority women. The research responds in particular, this research aims to inform a working intersectional model predicting FSSIPV perpetration, and to evaluate the face validity and construct coverage of existing survey measures related to gender, minority stress, and violence. Fourteen lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer women recruited from the greater Portland, Oregon area participated in a series of in-depth, semi-structured, open-ended one-on-one and focus group interviews. Participant recruitment involved a combination of purposive and convenience sampling methods aided by the involvement of multiple community partners working in violence and education related fields. Interview and focus group questions addressed participants' experiences with gender role stress and minority stress. Grounded theory analysis of participants' narrative responses informed the coverage and relevance of constructs in a working intersectional model predicting women's use of violence in their same-gender intimate relationships. In particular, findings indicate that sexual minority women's experiences of gender role stress and minority stress, particularly in combination, were especially influential on their identities. Sexual minority women's experiences with minority stressors were not confined to minority stressors specific to their gender identities and sexual orientations, but intersected with minority stressors related to race and class as well. These findings support an intersectional and contextually-minded approach to IPV intervention and prevention strategies.
4
Scheer, Jillian Ryan. "Trauma-Informed Care for Sexual and Gender Minority Survivors of Intimate Partner Violence". Thesis, Boston College, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:107451.
Abstract (sommario):
Thesis advisor: V. Paul PoteatIntimate partner violence (IPV) occurs in LGBTQ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer) relationships at rates equal to or even higher than cisgender heterosexual relationships (Walters, Chen, & Breidig, 2013). The health consequences of IPV are well documented (Kwako et al., 2011). Trauma-informed care (TIC) is one service approach receiving increasing support for use with IPV survivors (Warshaw, Lyon, Phillips, & Hooper, 2014). Nevertheless, there is little research exploring the association between TIC and health among LGBTQ IPV survivors. Immobilization is prevalent for IPV survivors for whom fight or flight may increase risk of violence during traumatic situations (van der Kolk, 1989). TIC might be well-positioned to counter these immobilizing effects in effort to facilitate mobilization and better health for IPV survivors. The relationship between TIC and health through mobilizing mechanisms has not yet been tested. This study examined several mobilizing mechanisms as mediating the relationship between TIC and health including: 1) lower social withdrawal; 2) lower shame; 3) greater emotion regulation; and, 4) greater empowerment. Among 227 LGBTQ adults, structural equation modeling analyses tested the relationship between TIC and health, and the mediating effects of lower social withdrawal and shame, and greater emotion regulation and empowerment on the relationship between TIC and health. Results indicated that the direct effects of TIC on mental and physical health were not significant. Indirect effects of TIC on mental and physical health through the set of mobilizing mechanisms were not significant. However, TIC did predict greater empowerment and emotion regulation and lower social withdrawal. Lower social withdrawal and lower shame also predicted better mental health, while lower shame and emotion regulation predicted better physical health. Practitioners need to uncover additional services and resources beyond TIC that could improve health among LGBTQ IPV survivors. Research should continue to examine the potential effects of TIC in addition to how it is applied in the context of evidence-based treatment programs that are adapted for sexual and gender minorities
Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2018
Submitted to: Boston College. Lynch School of Education
Discipline: Counseling, Developmental and Educational Psychology
5
Atlas, Hannah E. "Intersections of Vulnerabilities: Intimate Partner Violence, Sexual Health, and the Immigrant Woman's Experience". Scholarship @ Claremont, 2016. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/731.
Abstract (sommario):
According to the World Health Organization, one in three women worldwide have experienced physical and/or sexual violence perpetrated by a partner. Through a number of biological pathways, intimate partner violence (IPV) has a direct effect on women’s health, particularly their sexual health. IPV has been found in numerous bodies of research to disproportionately affect immigrant communities. This literature review examined the prevalence and epidemiological significance of IPV among the Latina and Asian immigrant communities in the United States and the effects on these populations’ sexual health outcomes. My findings demonstrate the burden of this issue is exacerbated by manifestations of structural violence and anti-immigrant sentiments in American society. I found the majority of clinical literature did not factor in structural and systematic disparities such as linguistic barriers, inaccessibility of the health and legal systems, precariousness of citizenship, and shortcomings of public education as contributors to adverse sexual health outcomes. The contexts and circumstances of immigrant women also tend to be homogenized in the public discourse on IPV with little attention paid to the specific socio-cultural elements that shape survivors’ experiences. Lastly, the language employed in the discussion of partner violence is highly hetero-normative and cis-gendered. Partner violence must be treated as the serious public health crisis it is. Strategies to address this issue must be implemented in a timely, culturally, and contextually appropriate manner across all settings guided by an intersectional lens.
6
Carpenter, Rachel K., Gabrielle L. Cook e Jill D. Stinson. "Neighborhood-Level Predictors of Intimate Partner Sexual Violence: A Nested Case Control Study". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2020. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/7876.
Abstract (sommario):
Intimate partner sexual violence (IPSV) is a significant public health problem, with recent prevalence rates suggesting that 15.8% of women and 9.5% of men have experienced sexual assault by an intimate partner (Center for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2019). Intimate partner sexual violence is referred to by various terms, all of which can include a range of sexually abusive behaviors that occur within the context of a current or former intimate relationship.
While there is a growing body of research documenting environmental influences on intimate partner violence (IPV) generally, (e.g., socioeconomic conditions, social disorganization, community violence, rurality, availability of firearms; Peterson and Krivo, 2009; Sampson et al., 2002; Voith, 2019) little research has focused solely on environmental influences on IPSV. Additionally, the majority of IPSV research has only examined individual-level predictors of IPSV (e.g., alcohol and drug use, education level, racial inequality, aggression; Bagwell-Gray, Messing, & Baldwin-White, 2015), while ignoring the possible community-level influences. The goal of the current study is to examine both a range of neighborhood and individual-level predictors to explore factors that may influence the occurrence of IPSV.
Data for this exploratory project were obtained from the Tennessee Bureau of Investigation’s (TBI) online incident-based reporting system, which included reported IPSV cases in all 95 counties in Tennessee (n = 86,567). Additional community-level variables were retrieved from the County Health Rankings and Roadmaps website. Neighborhood-level predictors include community violence, poverty, unemployment, income inequality, alcohol outset density, rurality, and firearm permits. Individual-level variables include the relationship type (intimate, family, acquaintance), the age of the victim and perpetrator (under 18, 18-24, 25-34, 35-44, 45-54, 55-64, and 65 and over), and ethnicity. Dependent variables include four categories of sexual assault (forcible rape, sexual assault with an object, forcible fondling, and forcible sodomy).
Due to the rare nature of sexual assaults, a nested case control design was used to evaluate the possible community- and individual-level factors impacting occurrence of IPSV. Each individual case of IPSV (four types of sexual assault; n = 2,678) were randomly matched to 5 simple assault cases (n = 47,896) that matched on age, race, and gender. Once cases are fully matched, multinomial logistic regression will be employed to determine the strongest community- and individual level predictors of IPSV. At present, we are continuing to match cases and estimate this to be completed by May.
By assessing the relations among environmental and individual influences on IPSV, this study may potentially inform community-level interventions to prevent sexual violence. An intimate partner’s susceptibility to sexual abuse may be influenced by their current environment, compounded further by known individual-level predictors of IPSV. Particularly true to IPSV, sexual assaults have been known to occur “behind closed doors,” which makes enacting social change and employing specific interventions difficult. By understanding both the individual and larger community predictors of IPSV, legal, clinical, and policy interventions may be better tailored to address the occurrence of sexual assault.
7
Nemeth, Julianna Maria. "Intimate Partner and/or Sexual Gender-based Violence and Smoking in Ohio Appalachia". The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1429731984.
8
Smith, Shanna Renn. "Sexual Orientation and Intimate Partner Violence Among Women Who Have Sex With Women". ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/5783.
Abstract (sommario):
Limited knowledge exists about sexual orientation and intimate partner violence among women who have sex with women. These women are at risk for adverse physical and mental health hygiene outcomes that may result from unhealthy lifestyles secondary to intimate partner violence. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between sexual orientation and intimate partner violence among women who have sex with women. The constructs of the biopsychosocial model guided the study and examination of the relationships among biological factors (sexual orientation), social contexts (support of family and friends and use of community services), and psychological influence (mental health status) on intimate partner violence among women who have sex with women. The study was a quantitative cross-sectional analysis of archived data from the 2010 National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey. Forward stepwise logistic regression indicated a statistically significant relationship between sexual orientation and intimate partner violence victimization (p < .05) Annual household income, race, family/proximal support, and support of community were significant predictors of intimate partner violence victimization. The social change implications of the study are that findings may inform design and implementation of policies, services, and interventions that target the diverse needs of female same-sex intimate partner violence victims.
9
Back, Madeleine. "Determinants of Intimate Partner SexualViolence against Women in India". Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för hälsovetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-41032.
Abstract (sommario):
Intimate partner sexual violence (IPSV) is a public health problem andprimarily affects women. Almost 30% of all women who have been in arelationship with a man, have experienced physical or sexual violence by theirpartner in their life. Even though sexual violence is being investigated inIndia, the determinants of sexual violence are thus far little investigated,specifically the determinants of IPSV. The purpose of the study was toexamine the demographic and socioeconomic determinants of IPSV againstwomen in India. The study was carried out using a quantitative method basedon secondary data from the National Family Health Survey 4 (NFHS-4). Thevariables used was age, residential area, education, religion, wealth index andemployment (current/all year/seasonal). Descriptive statistics, Chi-square testand a multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the data.The results indicated that younger women experienced more IPSV than olderwomen, and women in rural areas lived through more IPSV than women inurban areas. However, were women with urban residency were more likely tobe exposed to IPSV, which indicates that urban residency can be a risk factorfor sexual violence. A remarkable finding was that the prevalence of IPSVamong working women was higher (9%) than nonworking women (6%), butthat the adjusted ORs showed no correlation between working status andIPSV. Current study has added further evidence of IPSV in India, usingnationally representative samples. Younger women with lower educationshould be emphasized and seen as a risk group for IPSV. An in-depth studyregarding the partner’s characteristics in India is warranted and an importantstep to chart additional determinants for IPSV.Betyg i Ladok 201214.
10
Cornelius-Averhart, Darrlyn Waynette. "Physical and Psychological Health Outcomes of Pregnancy-Related Intimate Partner Violence". ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/6192.
Abstract (sommario):
Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a public health issue that transcends cultures and nationalities. Women and men have been impacted by sexual violence through rape and other types of IPV. Each year, women experience IPV before and during pregnancies and are impacted by physical and psychological outcomes as a result. The purpose of the study was to examine the impact of IPV on the health outcomes of diabetes (Types 1, 2, and gestational), high blood pressure before pregnancy, and depression/anxiety among adult women before and during pregnancy. The social ecological model provided the framework for this quantitative cross-sectional study that included national data from the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System between 2012 and 2015. A series of binary logistic regressions was conducted. Findings indicated significant predictive relationships between IPV and diabetes before pregnancy (OR = 1.20, 95% CI = 1.01-1.43), high blood pressure before pregnancy (OR = 1.65, 95% CI =1.47-1.85), and depression/anxiety before and during pregnancy, respectively (OR = 3.14, 95% CI 2.91-3.35 and OR = 9.03, 95% CI 7.37-11.05) after controlling for age, income, and race. A social change implication of this study is that results from this project may assist in increasing societal knowledge of what IPV is and its physical and psychological impacts on women before and during pregnancy.
11
Walker, Erin M. "Help-seeking engagement among young female survivors of intimate partner violence a qualitative inquiry /". Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file 0.46 Mb., 215 p, 2005. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1430762.
12
Etkind, Susan. "Childhood Sexual Abuse Experiences and Their Correlates Among Female Survivors of Intimate Partner Violence". NSUWorks, 2010. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/cps_stuetd/28.
Abstract (sommario):
Childhood sexual abuse (CSA) and intimate partner violence (IPV) are both crimes with high prevalence rates which frequently have females as their victims. Survivors of each are frequently found in psychotherapy, yet to date few studies have examined the interaction between each form of gender violence. The present study looked at several ways in which CSA and IPV interact, including assessing prevalence rates of CSA among female IPV survivors, examining somatic difficulties found among female CSA survivors who are also survivors of IPV vs. female non-CSA IPV survivor controls, and by exploring body image and sexual difficulties found among female CSA survivors who are also survivors of IPV vs. female non-CSA IPV survivor controls. Participants were a sample of 140 women with a history of domestic violence recruited from a variety of settings including community mental health facilities and correctional facilities.
Results showed that all three forms of childhood maltreatment studied (CSA, childhood physical abuse (CPA), and childhood witnessing of IPV) were elevated among survivors of IPV; rates of CSA were 51.4% within our sample of female survivors of IPV, rates of CPA were 52.1%, and rates of childhood witnessing of IPV were 67.1% within the same sample. Among various somatic complaints studied (sleep difficulties, depression, eating difficulties, and weight problems), female CSA survivors of IPV evidenced higher rates of childhood sleep difficulties, childhood and adulthood depression, and adulthood eating difficulties than did female non-CSA IPV survivor controls. While participants overall evidenced high rates of problems with body image and sexuality, there were no significant differences between female CSA survivors of IPV and female non-CSA IPV survivor controls within this study. Possible reasons underlying the latter negative findings were discussed. Both groups showed higher rates of body image and sexual dysfunction than would be predicted for normative participants, though given the absence of a normal control group in the present study it is difficult to discern how much higher these rates might be.
13
Sanchez, Meyerlyn Leticia. "The Resilience Experiences in Non-Binary Survivors of Intimate Partner Violence and Sexual Assault". The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1556796935295631.
14
Ashton, Paul. ""How did it get to this?" gay male intimate partner violence and victim characteristics /". Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 56 p, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1674961501&sid=5&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
15
Schafer, Christelle. "A Comparison Between Male Perpetrators Of Intimate Partner Violence and Child Sexual Abuse: A Feminist Perspective". Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2013. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/6013.
Abstract (sommario):
The purpose of this study was to explore whether attributes of sex role identity and gender role stress differed between perpetrators of child sexual abuse (CSA) and perpetrators of intimate partner violence (IPV). The primary research question posed in the research sought to determine if participants' attitudes on gender role stereotyping or gender role stress were significantly different between perpetrators of CSA and perpetrators of IPV. Participants in this study were a convenience sample of adult males with histories of CSA and IPV from two different outpatient counseling programs. Participants completed the Bem Sex Role Inventory-Short Form (BSRI-SF) and the Male Gender Role Stress (MGRS) scales to investigate whether the gender role attributes and gender role stress scores of the perpetrators of CSA and IPV were (a) similar or different from each other and (b) whether they fell outside the norms established by the two standardized instruments. This study utilized multiple regression and one sample t-tests to analyze the data. There was a statistically significant relationship between perpetrator type and the BSRI-SF and MGRS scores. Additionally, perpetrators of CSA and IPV had lower scores on the MGRS scale than those men in previous research. Additional research was suggested to further explore the relationship between gender role stereotypes and gender role stress on the perpetration of CSA.Ph.D.
Doctorate
Dean's Office, Health and Public Affairs
Health and Public Affairs
Public Affairs
16
Zerubavel, Noga. "Restricted Awareness in Intimate Partner Violence: The Effect of Childhood Sexual Abuse and Fear of Abandonment". Miami University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1373037701.
17
Gorski, Edward James. "DIFFERENCES IN MENTAL HEALTH OUTCOMES BETWEEN HETEROSEXUAL AND SEXUAL MINORITY VICTIMS OF EMOTIONAL AND PHYSICAL INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE". Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1591702156659855.
18
McSwain, Johnnetta D. "An Analysis of Programs and Services Designed to Ameliorate Intimate Partner Violence and Sexual Violence Among Women with a History of Child Sexual Abuse". DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 2015. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/cauetds/23.
Abstract (sommario):
This study examines programs and services designed to ameliorate and prevent intimate partner violence (IPV) and sexual violence (SV) among women with a history of child sexual abuse (CSA) under the Violence Against Women Act and the Department of Justice Reauthorization Act, 2005. Fifty-seven (57) survey participants at the 30th National Symposium on Child Abuse Conference were selected for the study utilizing non-probability convenience sampling. The survey participants comprised of workers or volunteers in all aspects of child maltreatment. In sum, 55 (or 100%) of the participants revealed that they agreed that there is a critical need for more program and services designed to ameliorate and prevent IPV, DV and SV among women with a history of CSA.
19
Hägglund, Maria. "Forms of Resistance : A study of understandings regarding intimate partner violence among women in Ethiopia". Thesis, Ersta Sköndal högskola, Institutionen för socialvetenskap, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:esh:diva-3616.
Abstract (sommario):
Of all the countries studied in the large-scale WHO Multi-country Study on Women´s Health and Domestic Violence against Women (2005), Ethiopian women had the highest numbers of acceptance of intimate partner violence. And according to previous research on the subject, Ethiopian women have a high tolerance for and acceptance of the violence they endure. Yet when I interviewed women in Ethiopia (all of whom had been victims of violence) I discovered multiple forms of resistance to - rather than acceptance of - violence. Rather than confirming how women come to accept violence, my study uncovers many ways in which women resist violence, even in contexts where the available means of resistance are extremely limited.The aim of my inductive study is to begin to do justice to these forms of resistance, which are easily overlooked. First, as I argue in the analyses of my interviews with the women, our ability to discern forms of resistance in situations of intimate partner violence requires a more capacious notion of resistance than the one usually employed. Second, as I argue through my engagement with the previous research and the analyses of my interviews with women’s organizations in Ethiopia, the inability to discern multiple and varied forms of resistance leads one to underestimate the degree of non-acceptance and active resistance in situations of intimate partner violence. Thus, while my limited study does not permit general conclusions about violence against women in Ethiopia, I conclude by suggesting that my findings have two important implications for social work, one theoretical and one practical.
20
Saxena, Anshul. "Theory of Gender and Power: Intimate Partner Violence, HIV Status and Sexual Risk Behaviors in Haitian Women". FIU Digital Commons, 2017. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3200.
Abstract (sommario):
Among women in Haiti, there are a number of factors, including intimate partner violence (IPV), childhood sexual abuse, and alcohol abuse that lead to increased vulnerability to STI/HIV and its sequelae. This study examined the factors associated with IPV and the associations between IPV and HIV in a sample of adult Haitian women.
The current study is a secondary analysis of data collected from HIV+ and HIV- women attending the GHESKIO centers in Haiti. The measures include: Self-reported Questionnaire-20 (SRQ-20); Attitudes Towards Gender Roles; Partner Violence; Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT); Partner Support; Sexual Relationship Power Scale (SRPS); Centers for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D); the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI); and, Vaginal Episode Equivalent (VEE). Descriptive statistics were used for demographic characteristics. Pearson correlations, t-Test, Generalized linear model, Logistic regressions, and Generalized linear mixed models were used for estimating the strength of associations.
The mean (SD) age of the participants was 25.5 (5.4) years. Approximately 68.4% had some secondary school education and only 0.9% had a college or professional degree. The majority of participants (82.2%) had a partner, but did not live with them. Generalized linear mixed modelling showed that lack of family support (β = 0.28, p < 0.05), history of childhood sexual abuse (β = 0.66, p < 0.05), and traditional gender-based attitudes (β = 0.10, p < 0.001) predicted major IPV. Results from logistic regression analysis showed that age at sexual debut (AOR: 0.745; 95% CI: 0.585, 0.948) and physical violence (AOR: 3.482; 95% CI: 2.316, 5.235) were significantly associated with HIV seropositive status. Generalized linear mixed modelling analysis showed that decreased relationship control subscale scores (β = -0.26, p < 0.05) and alcohol use problems (β = 0.18, p < 0.05) were significantly associated with high levels of risky sexual behaviors over time.
In summary, a history of IPV was significantly associated with traditional gender based attitudes, history of childhood sexual abuse, and lack of family support. History of IPV and age of first sexual experience were significantly associated with HIV seropositive status. Finally, relationship control and alcohol use problems were significantly associated with sexual risk behavior. These findings indicate potential areas of further study and intervention among Haitian women.
21
Lippy, Caroline A. "Lean on me: Informal social networks and the prevention of intimate partner violence in sexual minority communities". Digital Archive @ GSU, 2011. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/psych_diss/90.
Abstract (sommario):
Research finds that intimate partner violence (IPV) occurs at comparable rates for heterosexuals and sexual minorities; however, few IPV prevention programs exist for sexual minority communities. Most programs are developed on heterosexuals and ignore the unique contexts and dynamics of IPV for sexual minorities. Community capacity IPV prevention programs aim to increase the skills and resources within informal social networks, and they represent a promising approach to IPV prevention for sexual minority communities. The current study explores the informal networks of sexual minorities in order to build knowledge that can inform the future development of community capacity IPV prevention programs for sexual minorities. The goal of the current study was to provide information on three major aspects of sexual minorities’ informal networks: network structure, network function, and the use of networks by sexual minorities experiencing IPV.
The study used a mixed method design. The quantitative component included an online survey completed by 367 sexual minorities. The survey asked with whom sexual minorities discuss their intimate relationships, and it asked the response and helpfulness of each member. These data illustrated the structure and function of informal networks. The study also included interviews with seven sexual minority women on their experiences of seeking help for IPV from their social networks. This information addressed the third aspect of informal networks.
The quantitative results revealed that sexual minorities turn to on average only three people to discuss relationship issues. Surprisingly, a substantial number were family, and almost half were heterosexual. The qualitative results illustrated that many informal networks members could benefit from receiving education on sexual minority identities and issues, IPV in sexual minority communities, and communication skills.
The findings illustrated key aspects of informal networks that can be used to inform future community capacity IPV prevention programs for sexual minorities. Specifically, the quantitative data on network structure and function can be used to inform relevant targets for future programs, and the data from the interviews can inform aspects of program curricula.
22
Quinn, Megan, Renice Obure, Emery Shekiro e Jill Stinson. "Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs): Predictors of Intimate Partner Violence and Sexual Victimization in a College Aged Sample". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6810.
Abstract (sommario):
Background: This study examines the role of Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) as predictors of intimate partner violence (IPV) and sexual victimization (SV) in a college aged sample in southern Appalachia. Methods: Data were obtained from a health behavior questionnaire administered online at a university in southern Appalachia from July-December 2014. The sample included 992 participants who self-reported on ACEs and adult experiences of IPV and SV. Descriptive statistics were completed for age, race, sex, ACEs (emotional, physical, or sexual abuse experiences as a child or witnessing IPV), IPV, and SV. Multiple logistic regression models were used to predict IPV and SV in separate models. Results: The sample was mostly female (69.3%), Caucasian (84.2%), and had an average age of 20 years old (M=20.1, SD= 4.05). IPV was reported by 10.5% of participants and SV by 14.1%. Predictors of IPV were: female (OR: 2.85, CI: 1.44- 5.65), emotional abuse (OR: 2.06, CI: 1.14- 3.70), sexual abuse (OR: 2.52, CI: 1.40-4.53) and age (OR: 1.10, CI: 1.06-1.15). Predictors of SV were female (OR: 3.22 CI: 1.70- 6.08), emotional abuse (OR: 2.53, CI: 1.48-4.33), sexual abuse (OR: 7.45, CI: 4.40-12.60) and age (OR: 1.06, CI: 1.02-1.12). Conclusions: Emotional and sexual abuse experiences during childhood were the greatest predictors of IPV and SV in adulthood in this college aged sample. This illustrates that children who were victims of emotional or sexual abuse have an increased risk of further abuse and/or re- victimization as adults. Females had a greater odds of experiencing IPV and SV compared to their male counterparts. Although this pilot study is limited in that looked at college students at one university, this provides a foundation for future research on predictors of IPV and SV in young adults. Further, a better understanding of ACEs and their role in adult health outcomes will allow more targeted interventions in high risk groups.
23
Furphy, Nicole. "Institutions in America and How They Contribute to Sexual Violence". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/secfr-conf/2018/schedule/25.
Abstract (sommario):
This research looks into the ways society, the media, and the criminal justice system influence the sexual values of individuals in the United States. These separate, yet interdependent, institutions have profound impacts on the attitudes individuals have towards sexual violence. The research explores the ways we are consciously and subconsciously consumers of messages that influence how we view a myriad of issues related to sexual expression. Additionally, this research highlights how various factors contribute to the rape culture prevalent in contemporary American society. Specifically, the research explores theories rooted in the psychopathology model and argues that while some perpetrators of sexual violence are mentally ill, this model and the treatment model which are often applied by society may inadvertently provide perpetrators of sexual violence a scapegoat. Additionally, the nature of the biological theory, often referred to as the “impulse” model, is another way American society permits perpetrators of sexual violence to blame their behavior on evolution and genetic predispositions (Levay & Baldwin, 2012). Also discussed is the advancements in technology and the media’s methods of portraying sexual violence in the news and how it profoundly impacts the sexual values of Americans (Waechter & Ma, 2015). In summation, this review of the literature, will investigate how the values of sexual violence also impacts the criminal justice system, the results of sexual violence trials, and how victims are treated in the system (Moylan, 2017). The impact of sexual violence does not just affect the survivors themselves. However, there are few studies on the impact of sexual violence on secondary victims, such as family members. The majority of the literature focuses on how to help the survivor through abuse, without attention to how family members work through their own trauma. There is literature that states, following the sexual assault of a family or loved one, family and friends often experience considerable emotional distress and physical and psychological symptoms that can disrupt their lifestyles and family structures (Cwik, 1996). Responses of family members to the assault, including shock, helplessness, rage and so on, which can "parallel the affective responses of the victim" in the acute post-traumatic period (Silverman, 1978, p. 169). Undoubtedly, the impact of sexual violence is significant for the entire family, and the experience of each survivor will vary.
24
Harris, Wesley Eugene. "The Effect of Stigma on Intimate Partner Violence Reporting Among Men Who Have Sex with Men". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/honors/374.
Abstract (sommario):
This study examined the relation between stigma and reporting of intimate partner violence (IPV) in a sample of men who have sex with men (MSM). It was hypothesized that enacted stigma would result in lower reporting of IPV and that the type of IPV would moderate the relationship between enacted stigma and reporting. Using an online survey, we measured IPV (physical, psychological, and sexual violence) and stigma (perceived, enacted, and internalized). Participants (N = 46) were asked if they had ever experienced any of those forms of violence, as well as if they had ever reported the violence through an online survey. They were then asked how likely they would be to report the violence if it happened again in the future. Responses were analyzed using logistical regression with moderation to determine if a) enacted stigma was associated with lower reporting of intimate partner violence and if b) type of violence moderated stigma and reporting, such that physical violence would have the strongest relation between stigma and reporting of IPV. Results showed that enacted stigma was associated with more IPV reporting across all types of violence: physical (coefficient: 1.539, p<.0005), sexual (coefficient: .999, p<.05), and psychological (coefficient: 1.203, p<.005). Results of testing the moderating role of violence type on the relationship between enacted stigma and IPV were non-significant for all types of violence. In conclusion, the more enacted stigma that was experienced, the more reporting occurred. In addition, type of violence did not moderate the relation between enacted stigma and reporting of intimate partner violence.
25
Kleppe, Anna Elizabeth. "Tactics of Sexual Control and Negative Health Outcomes". Scholar Commons, 2016. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/6279.
Abstract (sommario):
Intimate partner sexual violence (IPSV) is a concerning, yet relatively understudied form of intimate partner violence (IPV). Furthermore, the majority of research regarding sexual violence fails to differentiate between different forms of control used to facilitate this violence. Although IPV has been linked to a multitude of adverse physical and health outcomes, it is less clear how these outcomes vary by type of control experienced. Using data from the 2010 National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey (NISVS), the current study examines the physical and non-physical tactics used to facilitate sexual violence, and the associated health outcomes. Potential gender differences in tactics experienced and resulting victim health are also explored.
Results show that while physical force is associated with the greatest number of health outcomes, all three tactics are related to reporting adverse health. Additionally, gender analyses reveal that women are more likely to suffer from frequent headaches, injuries, and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), and to report a greater number of physical health outcomes and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) symptoms, while men who experienced physically forced sexual violence are more likely to report overall worse mental health than their female counterparts. These findings, along with policy implications and directions for future research, are then discussed.
26
Liu, Larry Young. "Interplay Between Traumatic Brain Injury and Intimate Partner Violence: A Data-Driven Approach Utilizing Electronic Health Records". Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1502886892588355.
27
Gonzalez-Guarda, Rosa Maria. "Substance Abuse, Intimate Partner Violence and Risk for HIV among a Community Sample of Hispanic Women". Scholarly Repository, 2008. http://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/79.
Abstract (sommario):
Among the health disparities affecting the U.S. Hispanic population today are those relating to risky behaviors such as substance abuse, intimate partner violence (IPV) and HIV/AIDS. However, few studies have examined how these conditions may impact this population. The purpose of this dissertation was to explore the experiences that Hispanic women in South Florida have with regard to substance abuse, IPV and risks for HIV/AIDS, to describe how these conditions may be related, and to develop a model that can be used to guide research and interventions targeting this population. This dissertation uses data collected in Project DYVA (Drogas y Violencia en las Americas- Drugs and Violence in the Americas), a pilot research study that utilized both qualitative (Phase I) and quantitative (Phase II) research methods to describe the experiences of Hispanic women in South Florida between the ages of 18 and 60 with regard to substance abuse, violence and risky sexual behaviors. Three studies were conducted as part of this dissertation. The first study utilizes data collected during the qualitative phase of Project DYVA. During this phase eight focus groups were conducted and analyzed using qualitative content analysis (N = 81). The second and third studies utilize data collected during the second phase of Project DYVA. In this phase cross-sectional questionnaires collecting information regarding demographics, acculturation, self-esteem, depression, substance abuse, IPV and risks for HIV, were administered to 82 Hispanic women. Univariate and multivariate statistics were used to explore the relationships between substance abuse, IPV and risk for HIV (study 2) and between resource availability, IPV and depression (study 3). The findings from this dissertation suggest that substance abuse, IPV and risk for HIV are closely related intersecting health issues. IPV, the condition that emerged as the most salient of the three, also appears to be closely associated with resource availability (i.e., self-esteem and income) and depression. Additional individual, cultural, relationship and socio-environmental factors that may play a significant role in shaping the experiences that Hispanic women have with regards to these intersecting conditions were also identified and organized into a model.
28
Sanchez, Marianne. "Violences sexuelles au sein du couple : profils de victimisation sexuelle et exploration phénoménologique chez les femmes victimes de violences conjugales". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 10, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023PA100108.
Abstract (sommario):
Les violences au sein du couple sont un phénomène complexe et polymorphe, comprenant les violences physiques, psychologiques, sexuelles, et économiques. Elles constituent l’expression la plus courante des violences faites aux femmes dans le monde. Parmi elles, les violences sexuelles incluent toute activité sexuelle non consentie, obtenue par l’utilisation de la force ou de la coercition. En dépit de leurs conséquences délétères pour la santé mentale des victimes, ces violences demeurent peu étudiées. L’objectif principal de cette thèse est de contribuer à la compréhension de la dimension sexuelle des violences au sein du couple, en posant trois questions de recherche : à quelles violences sexuelles (type d’actes imposés, fréquence) les victimes sont-elles exposées ? Quelles sont les caractéristiques cliniques associées chez les victimes ? Comment les violences sexuelles, perpétrées par le partenaire intime, sont-elles vécues et interprétées par les victimes ? Méthode. Après avoir effectué une recension de la littérature, les données d’une première étude transversale d’un échantillon de femmes victimes de violences conjugales (N=93) ayant déposé plainte, recueillies via des questionnaires auto et hétéro administrés, ont fait l’objet d’analyses statistiques en clusters et comparatives. Les données d’une seconde étude, recueillies au travers d’entretiens non-directifs avec des femmes ayant révélé des violences sexuelles exercées par leur partenaire ont fait l’objet d’une analyse phénoménologique interprétative (N=7). Les résultats de la première étude indiquent que 65,6% des femmes victimes de violences conjugales de l’échantillon ont subi des violences sexuelles commises par leur partenaire. Parmi elles, quatre clusters ont été identifiés, correspondant à des contextes variables : « viols très fréquents » (5,4%), « coercition sexuelle prédominante » (20,4%), « formes multiples - fréquence intermédiaire » (20,4%), et « formes multiples – fréquence faible » (19,4%). Cette étude met en évidence la grande hétérogénéité des situations de violences sexuelles dans les relations violentes, et la tendance des femmes victimisées sexuellement à présenter des symptômes accentués de trouble de stress post-traumatique complexe. L’étude qualitative a permis d’identifier cinq thèmes majeurs dans l’expérience des victimes: les effets d’une dynamique sexuelle préexistante aux violences sexuelles, contribuant à « préparer le terrain »; un vécu de déshumanisation; la pénibilité d’une charge cognitive intense, liées aux tentatives de compréhension des agressions; un processus de réinterprétation rétrospective des violences sexuelles, après la séparation ; et le sentiment d’un impact psychologique toujours présent malgré la séparation. Cette étude révèle comment la détresse émotionnelle et l'incertitude cognitive sont présentes avant les violences sexuelles, pendant les violences sexuelles, et se poursuivent après la séparation. Elle montre également comment les victimes les interprètent dans le sens d’une vulnérabilité propre, au croisement entre antécédents traumatiques dans l’enfance et attachement insécure. Ce travail contribue à une amélioration des connaissances sur un sujet sensible et mal connu. Les implications en termes de prévention, de formation des professionnels, de repérage et de psychothérapie sont discutées. Davantage de recherches sont nécessaires pour avancer vers une prise en charge globale, intégrant les différentes dimensions et aspects complexes des violences conjugalesIntimate partner violence is a complex and multifaceted phenomenon. It includes physical, psychological, sexual, economic and administrative violence, and is the most common form of violence against women worldwide. Intimate partner sexual violence includes any non-consensual sexual activity within a partnership that is obtained using force, threat or coercion. Despite its detrimental effects on mental health, intimate partner sexual violence remains under-researched, limiting our ability to understand and address the problem. The main objective of this thesis is to contribute to the understanding of the sexual dimension of intimate partner violence. Three research questions are addressed: what situations of sexual victimization (types of acts, frequency) are intimate partner violence victims exposed to? What are the associated clinical characteristics among victims? And how is sexual violence experienced and interpreted when perpetrated by a partner?Methods. After performing a literature review, data from a first cross-sectional study of a sample of female victims of intimate partner violence (N=93), collected through self and third party administered questionnaires, were subjected to cluster and comparative statistical analyses. Data from a second study, collected through non-directive interviews with women who disclosed sexual violence by their partner (N=7), were the subject of an interpretative phenomenological analysis.The results of the quantitative study indicate that 65.6% of the women in the sample had experienced intimate partner sexual violence. Four clusters were identified, corresponding to different contexts: « highly frequent rapes » (5.4%), « predominant sexual coercion » (20.4%), « medium frequency of all forms » (20.4%), and « low frequency of all forms » (19.4%). This study highlights the significant heterogeneity of sexual violence situations within violent relationships, and the tendency of sexually victimized women to suffer from more pronounced symptoms of complex post-traumatic stress disorder. The qualitative study identified five key themes in the lived experience of victims: the impact of a pre-existing sexual dynamic on sexual violence, which helps to « set the stage »; an experience of dehumanization; the pain of an intense cognitive load, associated with trying to understand the aggressions; a process of retrospective reinterpretation of sexual violence, after separation; and the feeling of a psychological impact that is still present despite the separation. This study reveals how emotional distress and cognitive uncertainty are present prior to sexual violence, during sexual violence, and continue after separation. It also shows how victims interpret it in terms of their own vulnerability, at the intersection of traumatic childhood history and insecure attachment This work contributes to improving knowledge about a sensitive and poorly understood topic. The implications for prevention, training of professionals, detection and psychotherapy are discussed. More research is needed to move toward a comprehensive approach that integrates the multiple dimensions and complexities of intimate partner violence
29
Hall, Kelcey L., Jill D. Stinson, Megan A. Quinn, Allison Willner e Victoria Forgea. "College Students’ Experiences of Childhood Adversity and Adult Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Perpetration: Prevalence and Implications for Intervention". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/7950.
Abstract (sommario):
Early adverse experiences in childhood (e.g., abuse, neglect, and household dysfunction) have been linked to negative long-term effects on physical and mental health. Kaiser Permanente and the CDC surveyed adults in the community in the mid-1990s and found a strong and cumulative relationship between the degree of exposure to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and risk factors for negative outcomes in adulthood including higher risk for substance abuse and intimate partner violence. Also, criminal populations, particularly sexual offenders, report much higher rates of adversities than the general public. College students have a disproportionately high risk of intimate partner violence, rape, and other forms of sexual assault, and there is limited research on the characteristics of perpetrators and victims of sexual and intimate partner violence on campus, which could inform prevention efforts and our understanding of repeated victimization and the effects of cumulative experiences of victimization. Our sample consists of university students (N = 995; 69.2% female; M = 20 years old) who are predominantly Caucasian (84%) in the Southeastern US. An ACE total score between 0 and 10 was calculated for each participant by summing the number of Yes responses indicating experiences of childhood adversities. Regarding the prevalence of childhood adversities, 71% of the sample experienced at least one, and approximately 19% fell within the “high-risk” range of 4 or more ACEs, which is higher than the 13% of adults from the community who reported 4 or more ACEs in the original study conducted by the CDC. Thus, it appears that childhood adversities are widespread among college students in this sample. Regarding outcomes since turning 18 years of age, 2% of the sample admitted to engaging in coercive sexual behavior, 1% admitted to having sexual contact with someone who was not fully consenting, 1% had been arrested for a sexual offense, and 0.1% reported being a registered sexual offender. These behaviors were collectively considered sexual misconduct for the purpose of analyses. A logistic regression analysis yielded a significant model ( 2 = 29.51, R 2 = 0.11, p = 0.000) and indicates ACE Total Score (β = 0.34, 2 = 26.73, p = .00) and gender (β = - .85, 2 = 5.80, p = .02) predict sexual misconduct in adulthood. A second logistic regression analysis significantly predicted physical violence towards a partner as an adult ( 2 = 55.52, R 2 = 0.13, p = 0.000) Page 122 2016 Appalachian Student Research Forum with significant effects from ACE total score (β = 0.32, 2 = 42.41, p = .000) and gender (β = 1.16, 2 = 11.62, p = .001). Our findings thus far support further investigation of how adverse experiences relate to violent or sexual perpetration among college students. Additional analyses will include the relationships between these outcomes involving perpetration in adulthood and different types of early experiences of adversity, length of victimization and substance abuse.
30
Forrester, Trina K. "Intimate Partner Violence Predictors in an International Context: An Analysis of the International Violence against Women Survey". Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/19915.
Abstract (sommario):
Using the International Violence Against Women Survey (IVAWS), this paper identifies factors contributing to women’s individual risk of being victimized by their current intimate partner. Additionally, this analysis examines the overlap of physical and sexual violence within intimate relationships. Past research into IPV has identified a numerous predictor variables. Adapting nine such variables (controlling behaviours, male heavy drinking, female only income, female past marriage, female past IPV, respondents’ age, relationship duration, relationship status and violence outside the home) to the IVAWS dataset, a framework identifying risk patterns for physical and sexual violence was developed. The results identify a number of variables that performed as expected and increased a women’s risk of being a victim of IPV; however, some variables decreased women’s risk and therefore acted as protective factors. These findings suggest that IPV at the country level is more complex and requires additional research to fully explain the variation observed.
31
Birmingham, Liane A., Jacquelyn Mosley e Ana Bridges. "Perceptions of Sexual Assault in Young Adult Romantic Relationships". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/secfr-conf/2019/schedule/8.
Abstract (sommario):
Sexual assault on college campuses continues to be a pervasive public health issue with approximately one in five women experiencing sexual assault. Stranger rape is most commonly what people think of when they think of sexual assault, however, acquaintance rape is the most common form of sexual assault. Yet, victims are blamed more in acquaintance rape as compared to stranger rape situations. Thus, the perceptions of sexual assault occurring in various romantic relationships warrants further attention. Using an online survey at a large southern university, the current study examines the perceptions of college students, in various sexual assault scenarios, including stranger, acquaintance, committed dating, cohabitating, and marital. In addition, the levels of victim blame, rape myths, sexual attitudes and beliefs, and hostility toward women are examined. Findings may help inform future prevention efforts to help reduce rape myths regarding dating and marital rape.
32
Shamu, Simukai. "The dynamics of intimate partner violence during pregnancy and linkages with HIV infection and disclosure in Zimbabwe". University of Western Cape, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/3900.
Abstract (sommario):
Philosophiae Doctor - PhDThe study assessed the linkages between HIV infection and intimate partner violence (IPV) during pregnancy and after HIV status disclosure in a context where HIV testing has become almost mandatory through the provider-initiated counselling and testing approach and non-disclosure of HIV status to sexual partners has been criminalised in many countries including Zimbabwe. The study also explored women’s experiences of and health workers’ perceptions of IPV during pregnancy.
33
Barrios, Yasmin V., Bizu Gelaye, Qiu-Yue Zhong, Christina Nicolaidis, Marta B. Rondon, Pedro J. Garcia e Pedro A. Mascaro Sanchez. "Association of Childhood Physical and Sexual Abuse with Intimate Partner Violence, Poor General Health and Depressive Symptoms among Pregnant Women". PLoS ONE, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/344059.
Abstract (sommario):
This research was supported by an award from the National Institutes of Health (NIH), the
Eunice Kennedy Shriver Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R01-HD-
059835). The NIH had no further role in study design; in the collection, analysis and interpretation
of data; in the writing of the report; and in the decision to submit the paper for publication.
The authors wish to thank the dedicated staff members of Asociacion Civil Proyectos en
Salud (PROESA), Peru and Instituto Materno Perinatal, Peru for their expert technical assistance
with this research.Objective We examined associations of childhood physical and sexual abuse with risk of intimate partner violence (IPV). We also evaluated the extent to which childhood abuse was associated with self-reported general health status and symptoms of antepartum depression in a cohort of pregnant Peruvian women. Methods In-person interviews were conducted to collect information regarding history of childhood abuse and IPV from 1,521 women during early pregnancy. Antepartum depressive symptomatology was evaluated using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. Multivariable logistic regression procedures were used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). Results Any childhood abuse was associated with 2.2-fold increased odds of lifetime IPV (95%CI: 1.72–2.83). Compared with women who reported no childhood abuse, those who reported both, childhood physical and sexual abuse had a 7.14-fold lifetime risk of physical and sexual IPV (95%CI: 4.15–12.26). The odds of experiencing physical and sexual abuse by an intimate partner in the past year was 3.33-fold higher among women with a history of childhood physical and sexual abuse as compared to women who were not abused as children (95%CI 1.60–6.89). Childhood abuse was associated with higher odds of self-reported poor health status during early pregnancy (aOR = 1.32, 95%CI: 1.04–1.68) and with symptoms of antepartum depression (aOR = 2.07, 95%CI: 1.58–2.71). Conclusion These data indicate that childhood sexual and physical abuse is associated with IPV, poor general health and depressive symptoms in early pregnancy. The high prevalence of childhood trauma and its enduring effects of on women’s health warrant concerted global health efforts in preventing violence.
: This research was supported by an award from the National Institutes of Health (NIH), the Eunice Kennedy Shriver Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R01-HD-059835). The NIH had no further role in study design; in the collection,
Revisión por pares
34
Hashmi, Sidra. "‘Non-Ideal’ Victims: The Persistent Impact of Rape Myths on the Prosecution of Intimate Partner Sexual Violence Against Racialized Immigrant Women in Canada". Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/42737.
Abstract (sommario):
Intimate Partner Sexual Violence (IPSV) is a global issue that impacts women of all social locations, but it disproportionately impacts racialized immigrant women. While there is a lack of literature on the topic of IPSV in general, there is a particular dearth of research on the prosecution of IPSV cases involving racialized immigrant women in Canada. There is little research on how these women are revictimized within the criminal justice system because of rape myths pertaining to IPSV, race, and citizenship. In this project, I aim to interrogate the legal rhetoric within judicial decisions regarding cases of IPSV involving racialized immigrant women. In so doing, I ask: How do judges conceptualize racialized immigrant women in cases of IPSV? How do these conceptualizations reproduce myths and stereotypes about these women who report IPSV?
I use Feminist Critical Discourse Analysis (FCDA) to mobilize law as a gendering and racializing practice in my analysis of eight summaries of judicial decisions of criminal and immigration proceedings pertaining to IPSV. Critical Race Theory (CRT) contributes to my theoretical framework to advance our understanding of law as a gendering and racializing practice. Through an abductive process, I find three discourses that dominate judicial decisions: ‘ideal’ victims resist sexual assault and do not delay in reporting; ‘ideal’ victims do not know or maintain ongoing contact with the accused; and judges excuse defendants of sexual assault due to the beliefs that male sexuality is uncontrollable, and women pursue false allegations. These rape myths normalize violence against women of colour and immigrant women by reinforcing the view that they are ‘non-ideal’ victims.
35
Gonzalez, Belsie R. "Physical Teen Dating Violence and Risk Behaviors among Black and Latino Teens". Digital Archive @ GSU, 2007. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/iph_theses/5.
Abstract (sommario):
Victims of teen dating violence (TDV) in the United States engage in risk behaviors that increase their vulnerability to ill health. Although teen dating violence affects millions of adolescents of diverse ethnic backgrounds, there is a higher prevalence of TDV among Blacks and Latinos. In order to develop effective interventions for diverse populations, it is critical to understand the risk behaviors associated with different victims of TDV. The purpose of this thesis is to determine whether there is a difference between the risk behaviors (alcohol abuse, illegal drug use and perilous sexual intercourse) engaged in by Black, Latino and White adolescent victims of TDV. The national 2005 Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) was the source of data. This thesis hypothesizes that there are different risk behaviors related to each ethnic group, and aims to provide information to support the development of culturally competent TDV interventions.
36
Holloway, Jenna, e Jacquelyn Mosley. "Sexual Assault among Students with Disabilities: The Hidden Victims". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/secfr-conf/2019/schedule/9.
Abstract (sommario):
There has been a heightened effort to research the overwhelming prevalence of sexual assault on college campuses. Female undergraduates are the most common victims, with rates of one in five experiencing nonconsensual sexual contact during their college years. However, there is very little research that has examined sexual assault among students with disabilities. Students with intellectual disability are sexually assaulted at rates more than seven times higher than students with no disabilities. Thus, students with disabilities are hidden victims who experience sexual violence at extremely high rates. The current study used an online survey to assess the prevalence of sexual assault among students with disabilities at a large southern university. Findings may help inform future prevention efforts to help the high rates of sexual violence rates among students with disabilities on college campuses.
37
Christensen, Phaedra. "Interrelationships of Colorism, Violence, and Sexual Behaviors among Southern African American Women". ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/2959.
Abstract (sommario):
Two significant public health concerns that threaten both the physical and mental health of African-American women are Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). African-American women (AAW) in the south carry the greatest burden of HIV and disproportionately represent the region with an incidence of 71% for new HIV infections, and elevated rates of morbidity and mortality. In 2013, the murder rate among AAW was 2.5 times higher than it was among Caucasian women. Most of the published studies that explored the association between IPV and HIV had mixed populations, did not explore topics unique to AAs, or were qualitative studies. The aim of this study was to assess the associations between colorism, IPV, and high-risk sexual behaviors (HRSB)/HIV-risk among AAW and determine if colorism was a mediator in the IPV-HRSB relationship. The theory of power and gender and the social cognitive theory provided the theoretical framework of this study. The dissemination of this self-assessed quantitative, cross-sectional survey design was to a homogeneous sample of 143 women. The analysis of the variables used correlation statistics and linear regression. Findings revealed a significant relationship between IPV-HRSB (r = .882, p =.001), colorism-IPV (r2 = .371, p = .001) and colorism-HRSB (r = .377, p = .001); however, colorism did not mediate the IPV-HRSB relationship. This study has implications for positive social change in that practitioners may gain a better understanding of colorism's influence on IPV and HRSB, and may serve to modify existing programs. This knowledge may subsequently help to decrease adverse behaviors that are unique to AAW prone to IPV with an increased HIV-risk as a result of colorism.
38
Cristina, Irene dos Santos. "Violência contra as mulheres. Revisão do projeto institucional do Centro Hospitalar Barreiro Montijo EPE". Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/19915.
Abstract (sommario):
A violência é um problema que perturba a sociedade e a saúde individual e cole-tiva. A violência contra as mulheres é uma forma específica de maus tratos. Tem conse-quências para as mulheres que diretamente a sofrem, com repercussões sociofamiliares, acarretando marcas, mágoas e prejuízo grave nas esferas bio-psico-sociais. O CHBM-EPE tem em curso um programa de atendimento a mulheres vítimas de violência. Tor-na-se necessário realizar a sua revisão e atualização. No projeto atual, através de recolha de dados junto de provedores e beneficiárias de cuidados realizou-se o diagnóstico de situação, descrevem-se ambas as perspetivas e propõem-se medidas de melhoramento. O relatório aqui apresentado consiste na descrição da intervenção realizada. Os resulta-dos serão tidos em conta na revisão do Programa do CHBM-EPE contra a violência doméstica. Pretende-se a melhoria da qualidade dos cuidados; ABSTRAT:
Violence Against Women. Review of the Institutional Project of the Hospital Barreiro - Montijo EPE.
Violence is a problem that disrupts society and the individual and collective health. Violence against women is a specific form of ill-treatment. It has consequences for the female figures who directly suffer with social-familial repercussions, leading brands, hurts and serious injuries in the bio-psycho-social spheres. The CHBM-EPE has an ongoing program of assistance to women victims of violence. It is necessary to carry out its review and update. The current project, through data collection from providers and recipients of care will describe both perspectives. In the current project, through data collection from providers and recipients of care there was the diagnosis of the sit-uation, describes both perspectives and are proposed improvement measures. The report presented here is the description of the intervention performed. The results will be taken into account in the review of CHBM-EPE Program against domestic violence. It is in-tended to improve the quality of care.
39
DeLorenzi, Leigh de Armas. "The relationship between caregiver intimate partner violence, posttraumatic stress, child cognitive self-development, and treatment attrition among child sexual abuse victims". Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2012. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/5188.
Abstract (sommario):
Child sexual abuse (CSA) is a worldwide problem, with two-thirds of all cases going unreported. A wealth of research over the last 30 years demonstrates the negative emotional, cognitive, physical, spiritual, academic, and social effects of CSA. As a result, researchers and mental health professionals frequently attempt to measure the efficacy of treatment modalities in order to assess which treatments lead to better outcomes. However, in order to effectively study treatment outcomes, researchers must be able to track the status of child functioning and symptomology before, during, and after treatment. Because high levels of treatment attrition exist among CSA victims, researchers are unable to effectively study outcomes due to large losses in research participants, loss of statistical power, and threats to external validity (Kazdin, 1990). Moreover, due to the high prevalence of concurrent family violence, caregivers with intimate partner violence are more than twice as likely to have children who are also direct victims of abuse (Kazdin, 1996). Caregivers ultimately make the decisions regarding whether or not a child stays in treatment, and therefore, it is important to examine the influence of both parent factors (e.g., intimate partner violence) and child factors (e.g., traumatization and/or disturbances in cognitive self-development) on treatment attrition. This two-pronged approach of examining both child and family characteristics simultaneously with attrition patterns offers a more complete picture for the ways concurrent family violence influences treatment than looking at child and caregiver factors separately. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between caregiver intimate partner violence, child posttraumatic stress (Trauma Symptom Checklist for Children [TSCC]; Briere, 1996), child cognitive self-development (Trauma and Attachment Belief Scale [TABS]; Pearlman, 2003), and treatment attrition. The statistical analyses in this study included (a) Logistic Regression, (b) Poisson Regression, and (c) Chi-square Test for Independence. Elevated TSCC subscale scores in posttraumatic stress predicted both an increased number of sessions attended and increased number of sessions missed. Elevated TABS subscale scores in self-trust predicted an increased number of sessions attended and decreased number of sessions missed. Elevated TABS subscale scores of other-intimacy and self-control predicted an increased number of sessions missed. Moreover, the presence of past or current caregiver intimate partner violence predicted a decrease in number of sessions attended. While no relationship existed between child posttraumatic stress or cognitive self-development and whether a child graduated or prematurely terminated from treatment, children with parents who confirmed past or current intimate partner violence were 2.5 times more likely to prematurely terminate from treatment.ID: 031001420; System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader.; Mode of access: World Wide Web.; Title from PDF title page (viewed June 18, 2013).; Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Central Florida, 2012.; Includes bibliographical references (p. 213-247).
Ph.D.
Doctorate
Education and Human Performance
Education; Counselor Education
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Passaro, R. Colby, Eddy R. Segura, Williams Gonzales-Saavedra, Jordan E. Lake, Amaya Perez-Brumer, Steven Shoptaw, James Dilley, Robinson Cabello e Jesse L. Clark. "Sexual Partnership-Level Correlates of Intimate Partner Violence Among Men Who Have Sex with Men and Transgender Women in Lima, Peru". Springer, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/652454.
Abstract (sommario):
To improve understanding of factors associated with intimate partner violence (IPV) and explore its role in sexually transmitted infection (STI) acquisition, we analyzed partnership-level correlates of IPV among men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women (TW) in Peru. In a 2017 cross-sectional study of rectal STI screening and HIV prevention, MSM/TW completed a sociobehavioral survey addressing demographic characteristics, sexual risk behaviors, and substance use, and were tested for rectal gonorrhea and chlamydia, syphilis, and HIV. Generalized estimating equations estimated individual- and partner-level correlates of IPV. Of 576 participants (median age, 27 years), 7.9% (36/456) of MSM and 15.0% (18/120) of TW reported IPV with ≥ 1 of their last three partners. MSM/TW reporting IPV were more likely to meet criteria for an alcohol use disorder (74.1%) than participants reporting no IPV (56.7%; p <.01). Physical violence (4.5% MSM; 9.2% TW) was associated with stable partnerships (aPR 3.79, 95% CI 1.79–8.04), partner concurrency (4.42, 1.19–16.40), and participant alcohol (4.71, 1.82–12.17) or drug use (5.38, 2.22–13.02) prior to sex. Psychological violence (4.5% MSM; 5.0% TW) was associated with stable partnerships (2.84, 1.01–7.99). Sexual IPV was reported by 1.1% of MSM and 5.0% of TW. Physical, psychological, and sexual IPV were reported in sexual partnerships of Peruvian MSM and TW, particularly with stable partners and in conjunction with substance use.Revisión por pares
41
Tracy, McClinton Appollis. "The benefits and harms of surveying adolescents about intimate partner violence and verbal, physical and sexual abuse by Tracy McClinton Appollis". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/2794.
42
Josefin, Grände. "Behandlares upplevelser av arbete med sexuellt våld i parrelationer". Thesis, Ersta Sköndal högskola, S:t Lukas utbildningsinstitut, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:esh:diva-4629.
Abstract (sommario):
Forskning visar att sexuellt våld är särskilt svårt för både utsatta och behandlare att närma sig och de flesta får ingen professionell hjälp för sin utsatthet. Särskild brist på kunskap verkar prägla området sexuellt våld i parrelationer. Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur behandlares känslomässiga upplevelser i arbetet med sexuellt våld påverkar behandlingsarbetet med personer som har utsatts för eller utövat våld i parrelationer. Genom intervjuer med behandlare som arbetar specifikt med våld i nära relationer, och därmed kan antas möta många som både utsätts för och utövar sexuellt våld i parrelationer, kan studien bidra till att belysa en del av de utmaningar och svårigheter som arbetet med sexuellt våld kan föra med sig. Studien visar att sexuellt våld är ett område som kan väcka negativa känslor hos behandlarna. De som arbetar med utsatta talar något mer om psykisk smärta och vanmakt, medan ilska och skam framför allt nämns av de som arbetar med förövarna. Det sexuella materialet skapar en känsla av intimitet i behandlingsrummet som behandlarna ibland är oroliga för ska upplevas som invaderande av klienterna. Behandlarna talar om vikten av att kunna härbärgera klienternas svåra upplevelser, men det framgår också att det ibland är särskilt svårt att härbärgera sexuellt våld. Behandlarna upplever ibland en svår balansgång i arbetet med sexuellt våld, som bland annat handlar om att aktivt lyfta material som kan väcka skam och känslomässig smärta och samtidigt upprätthålla allians. Trots många berättelser om ett gott arbete med det sexuella våldet leder dessa utmaningar ibland till situationer när behandlarna mer eller mindre medvetet undviker att arbeta aktivt med det sexuella våldet. Behandlarna kan vilja skydda sig själva eller sina klienter från de negativa känslor och den kontrollförlust som samtal om sexuellt våld kan innebära. Det kan också handla om att skydda behandlingsrelationen från det potentiella hot som skam och sexualitet kan innebära.Studies shows that sexual violence is a particulary difficult subject for both victims and professionals to talk about, most victims do not get any professional help to work through the experience. There is a particular lack of knowledge och research regarding the area sexual violence in partner relationships. The aim of this study is to investigate if counsellors affective responses in working with sexual violence influences how they deal with sexual violence in treatment. Through interviewes with counsellors who work specifically with violence in partner relationships, and thereby can be assumed to meet many both victims and perpetrators of sexual violence, the study contributes to put light on some of the challenges and difficulties that the subject brings. The study shows that sexual violence is an area that can trigger negative affects in counsellors. Those who work with victims speaks somewhat more about psychic pain and powerlessness while anger and shame chiefly is mentioned by those who work with perpetrators. The sexual content contributes to a feeling of intimacy in treatment whitch the counsellors sometimes worry will be percieved as invading by klients. The counsellors talk about the importance to harbour the difficult experiences of the klients, but also about the sometimes added difficulty to harbour sexual violence. They also experience a sometimes hard balancing act between lifting material that can be shameful and painful on one hand, and keeping the alliance intact on the other. Those challanges sometimes contributes to situations where the counsellors, more or less deliberately, avoids workning actively with the sexual violence. The councellors sometimes want to protect themselves or their clients from the negative feelings or the sense of loss of control that the sexual and violent material may entail. It can also be a matter of protecting the treatment relationship from the threat that shame and sexuality may entail.
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Davis, B. M. "Men, masculinities and emotion : understanding the connections between men's perpetration of intimate partner violence, alcohol use and sexual behaviour in Dharavi, Mumbai". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2011. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1332891/.
Abstract (sommario):
Background: An increasing men's studies movement attempts to understand how different masculine norms affect men's health and behaviour and how behaviours such as alcohol use and violence act as ways of coping both with the pressure to fulfil masculine norms and with emotional distress. However, the vast majority of this work has been in western contexts. This study sought to extend this fairly western-centric work by examining the relationships between gender norms, emotional distress and men's alcohol use, perpetration of intimate partner violence (IPV) and sexual behaviour in a low-income area of Mumbai, India. Methods: Secondary quantitative data (n=2,381) from a survey of men in three low-income districts in Mumbai were analysed in order to identify psychosocial factors associated with men's perpetration of IPV, alcohol use and extramarital sex. A period of fieldwork was undertaken in Dharavi, Mumbai in 2009-10 which included in-depth interviews with 29 married men, aged 21-52. Results Quantitative analyses found evidence for associations between men's ability to fulfil masculine norms and perpetration of IPV as well as psychological distress. Qualitative interviews highlighted the range of norms men were exposed to, defended and contested. Many men struggled to fulfil dominant notions of masculinity. In addition, many men had poor emotional and social support, frequently dealing with distress on their own. Men reported using behaviour such as alcohol use, violence and extramarital sex as ways of dealing with difficult emotions, social isolation, as well as a range of difficulties in their marital relationships. Conclusion: Norms around masculinity and the effects these have upon men emotionally are important in understanding men's involvement in these behaviours in this context. Understanding men as gendered as well as emotional beings is important in engaging with a wide variety of men in order to bring about lasting social as well as behavioural change.
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Ngao, Loembe Dorcas. "Association between women's level of education and their experience of intimate partner violence in Nigeria : A cross-sectional study". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för kvinnors och barns hälsa, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-421005.
Abstract (sommario):
Intimate partner violence is the most prevalent category of violence that women are experiencing and, globally, 30% of women are estimated to have suffered physical, emotional, or sexual IPV. Nigeria lacks clear anti-IPV legislation, and the proportion of IPV has received widespread attention from a human rights perspective. This study aims to investigate whether or not women’s level of education is related to their experience of intimate partner violence. The study was a quantitative cross-sectional study that used secondary data analysis from the population-based 2018 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS). Data on 2728 ever-married women were used and logistic regression analysis was conducted to investigate the effect women’s level of education has on their experience of Intimate partner violence. The key findings of the results concluded that women with secondary education had higher odds of experiencing any form of intimate partner violence compared to uneducated women. Women’s education was not found associated significantly with emotional IPV. Education has a protective effect on physical IPV and sexual IPV for women with primary education. Women’s level of education had a protective effect on some aspects of the violence.
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Thompson, Amanda Jean. "The lived experience of non-offending mothers in cases of intrafamilial child sexual abuse: Towards a preliminary model of loss, trauma and recovery". Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2017. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1972.
Abstract (sommario):
The non-offending mother in cases of intrafamilial child sexual abuse has received limited empirical attention in comparative to the considerable body of literature examining victims and perpetrators of child sexual abuse. There is growing evidence that demonstrates that nonoffending mothers’ experience significant loss and trauma following the discovery of their children’s sexual victimisation by a family member, particularly where the perpetrators are their partners. An understanding of the non-offending mother’s experience is crucial to guiding statutory agencies and therapeutic interventions when working with these families. However, there is currently not a model or framework that conceptualises mothers’ post-discovery experience, and the factors that might impede or facilitate their recovery. The aim with the present study was to address the gap in the existing literature, by conducting an exploratory investigation of the lived experience of non-offending mothers in order to generate a preliminary model outlining their recovery journey in the aftermath of discovery, drawing from existing theories of loss and trauma. The present study comprises two stages; in the first stage, qualitative interviews were conducted with a sample of eleven mothers. Data derived from the interviews were analysed using qualitative thematic analysis, from which a preliminary model was generated. The model proposed the non-offending mother’s recovery journey comprises three primary phases; the Acute Phase (Discovery and Destabilisation), the Transition Phase (Loss and Disempowerment), and the Transformative Phase (Taking Control and Accommodation). The preliminary model identified unique aspects of the maternal experience not sufficiently accounted for by many of the existing theoretical conceptualisations. The second stage of the study utilised a Delphi methodology to seek feedback on the proposed model from a panel of 18 key experts in the field of intrafamilial child sexual abuse. The input from the Delphi panel was utilised to further refine and validate the preliminary model. The panel confirmed the preliminary model provided a valid representation of the non-offending mother’s post-discovery experience with minor alterations. The findings of the present study are an important progression towards developing a more comprehensive and unified conceptualisation of the experiences of the non-offending mother in the aftermath of discovery. This in turn has important implications for the intervening professionals from both statutory and therapeutic orientations who work with this population.
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Hellge, Sophie. "Association between Community Group Membership and Justification of Physical Intimate Partner Violence among Women in Bolivia – a Cross Sectional Study". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Internationell mödra- och barnhälsovård (IMCH), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-446860.
Abstract (sommario):
Aim: The aim of this study was to broaden the understanding of the role of communitygroups in the prevention of intimate partner violence (IPV) in Bolivia. Therefore, this work assessed the connection between community group membership and the justification ofphysical IPV among women in Bolivia. IPV justification was chosen as an outcome, as it is strongly correlated to IPV experience. Methods: Data from a quantitative survey by the World Values Survey involving 988 womenin Bolivia was used for the analysis. To assess possible confounders, bivariate analysis was conducted. Logistic regression analysis between women’s community group membership andtheir justification of physical IPV has been performed. Results: The results indicate that 19.6% of women in Bolivia partly or always justify IPV.There has not been a significant association between community group membership and IPVjustification. The factors that were significantly associated to IPV justification in the final model were age and educational level of the women. Women aged 50 + had lower odds ofjustifying physical IPV than women aged 18-29 (OR 0.59, 95% CI: 0.35-0.97, p= <0.05). Similarly, women in the highest educational group had lower odds of justifying IPVcompared to women in the lowest educational group (OR 0.63, 95% CI: 0.41-0.98, p= <0.05). Conclusion: The association between community group membership and IPV justification inthis study was insignificant. This could be due to limitations in the study design. Futureresearch in the area should conduct studies with focus on different types of community groups singularly.
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Liimatainen, Maija. "The association between intimate partner violence and under 5- child mortality in Nigeria : A cross-sectional study based on Nigerian demographic health survey from 2018". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Internationell mödra- och barnhälsovård (IMCH), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-447273.
Abstract (sommario):
Background Both Intimate partner violence and under 5- child mortality are alarmingly high in the world, Nigeria is one of the leading countries. The adverse health outcomes for both women and children as a result of living in a violent environment need to be addressed and combatted. This study aimed to investigate whether there was any association between maternal exposure of lifetime violence (Emotional, physical, sexual, and any violence) and under-5 child mortality. Method The study was a cross-sectional study based on secondary data from Nigerian demographic health surveys (DHS) from 2018. The study sample consisted of 8389 married and non-married women, aged 15-49 years who completed the domestic violence module, with a dead or alive first-born child. To assess the associations between maternal experience of lifetime exposure of different types of violence (Emotional, physical, sexual, and any violence) and under-5 child mortality Chi-squared tests were performed, followed by logistic regression. Result In this study, the prevalence of emotional violence was 33,6 %, physical violence 21,3 %, sexual violence 7,7 % and any violence 38,5 %. Moreover, 6,7 % of the children in the sample were dead. The results showed that emotional violence, physical violence, and any violence were not significantly associated with under-5 child mortality. However, sexual violence showed an association with under-5 child mortality (P-value: 0,002). In addition, logistic regression showed that religion was associated with under-5 child mortality (P-value: <0,001). Muslim women had increased odds of child death, compared with Christian women(aOR:0,63, CI:0,50-0,78). The oldest women aged 40-49 years were found to be associated with under-5 child mortality (P-value:< 0,001). High maternal age increased the odds for under-5 child mortality (aOR: 2,08, CI:1,58-2,75). Moreover, maternal working status was associated with under-5 child mortality (P-value: <0,001). Working women had increased odds for experiencing child death, compared with the non-working women (aOR: 7,04, CI: 4,99-9,92). Finally, wealth was negatively associated with the outcome of under-5 child mortality (P-value: 0,007). The richest women had the lower odds of under-5 mortality, compared with the poorest women (aOR: 0,62, CI: 0,44-0,88). Conclusion The study showed an association between sexual violence and under-5 child mortality. Both sexual IPV and under-5 child mortality must be addressed urgently because it has detrimental effects on both women’s and children’s health in Nigeria. The study also found that high maternal age increases the odds for under-5 child mortality, and adequate age for motherhood must be promoted, to save the lives of children. Moreover, belonging to a low wealth quintile increases the risk for child death, and therefore poverty must be relived in Nigeria, so SDG 3.2.1 can be reached: “End all preventable deaths under 5 years and not more than 25 child deaths per 1000 live births by 2030”.
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Sussmann, Leanndru Guilherme Pires Reis. "Associação entre dificuldades na esfera sexual no puerpério e violência por parceiro íntimo". Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5137/tde-11052017-135622/.
Abstract (sommario):
INTRODUÇÃO: A sexualidade, aspecto central do ser humano, influencia o bem estar global do individuo. Neste estudo foi avaliado como a violência por parceiro íntimo associa-se a dificuldades na esfera sexual, em puérperas, entre 6 e 18 meses após o parto. METODOLOGIA: Estudo transversal com 700 mulheres que realizaram o pré-natal em Unidade Básica de Saúde, na zona oeste de São Paulo, entre janeiro 2006 à março de 2007. Foram avaliadas dificuldades na esfera sexual, por meio de questionário e violência por parceiro íntimo, perpetrada somente antes do parto ou no puerpério, por meio de questionário estruturado para este fim. Depressão pós-parto foi avaliada por meio do instrumento SRQ 20, com ponto de corte de 7/8, sendo considerada variável mediadora. Para calcular os coeficientes de associação das vias diretas e indiretas na análise de mediação, foi utilizada análise estrutural (path analysis). RESULTADOS: As prevalências de dificuldades na esfera sexual, violência por parceiro íntimo e depressão pós parto encontradas foram de 30%, 42,8% e 27,8%, respectivamente. A violência ocorrida exclusivamente antes do parto não mostrou associação com dificuldades na esfera sexual pela via direta, nem tampouco pela via indireta por meio da depressão. DISCUSSÃO: Dificuldades na esfera sexual, violência por parceiro íntimo e depressão pós-parto foram muito prevalentes, portanto, a inclusão de questionamentos sobre sexualidade, violência e depressão puerperal no seguimento durante a gravidez e no puerpério é importante para atenção integral à saúde global da mulher. Futuras investigações sobre a relação entre violência, sexualidade e depressão no puerpério são recomendadas. Estudos longitudinais que incluam outros mediadores podem ser realizados para melhor entendimento da cadeia causal e elucidação das variáveis que influenciam, direta e/ou indiretamente, as questões da sexualidade no pós-partoINTRODUCTION: Sexuality is one of the central aspect of human being and influences several aspects of physical and emotional well-being of the individual. In this study, we evaluated how intimate partner violence is associated with difficulties in the sexual field, in women in postpartum period, between 6 and 18 months after childbirth. METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional study with 700 women who received prenatal care in a basic health unit in the western area of São Paulo, between January 2006 and March 2007. Difficulties in the sexual field were evaluated through questionnaire and intimate partner violence, perpetrated just before childbirth or also / exclusively in the postpartum period, with a questionnaire structured for that purpose. postpartum depression was evaluated using the SRQ 20 instrument, with a cut-off point of 7/8, being considered as mediating variable. Path analysis was performed to know the different pathways: the direct association between outcome and exposure, and the indirect pathways through the mediator. RESULTS: Prevalence of difficulties in the sexual field, intimate partner violence and postpartum depression were 30%; 42.8%; 27.8%, respectively. Violence occurred exclusively prior to delivery showed no association whit difficulties in the sexual field in the direct path, neither they occur indirectly through postpartum depression. DISCUSSION: Considering that difficulties in the sexual field, intimate partner violence and postpartum depression were prevalent in this study, the inclusion of questions about sexuality, violence and depression is an important step towards integral attention to the global health of the women, given that these are topics usually relegated to a secondary level, at the follow-up of women, during pregnancy and in the puerperium. Longitudinal studies that include other mediators can be performed to better understand the causal chain and elucidation of the variables that influence, directly and / or indirectly, postpartum sexuality issues
49
Campe, Margaret Irene. "STUDENTS ON THE MARGINS: INTERSECTIONALITY AND COLLEGE CAMPUS SEXUAL ASSAULT". UKnowledge, 2019. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/sociology_etds/43.
Abstract (sommario):
This three-paper dissertation quantitatively identifies and examines three different substantive areas using data from the American College Health Association’s Fall of 2016 National College Health Assessment (ACHA-NCHA). Specific areas of inquiry include, marginalized populations and college campus sexual assault, intersectional analyses of risk factors for college campus sexual assault, and drinking protective behavioral strategies as prevention tools for college campus sexual assault. Paper one, titled, “College Campus Sexual Assault and Students with Disabilities,” explores a particular marginalized group of students that have been largely left out of college campus sexual assault studies: female college students with disabilities. The logistic regression analyses find that having any disability increases risk for any type of college campus sexual assault more than other commonly cited risk factors such as binge drinking, or Greek affiliation. Moreover, the study indicates that odds for female students with disabilities are varied depending on the type of assault, completed, attempted, or relationship, as well as the specific type of disability. Results are discussed, and policy implications, limitations, and opportunities for future research are delineated.
Paper two, titled, “College Campus Sexual Assault: Moving Toward a More Intersectional Quantitative Analysis,” is guided by an intersectional theoretical framework. The study employs classification and regression tree analyses (CART) to identify more specific groups of students that are at disproportionate risk for sexual assault beyond singular variables or even interaction effects. Unlike traditional regression techniques, CART does not assume a linear relationship, and can simultaneously account for independent variables relationship to one another while determining which variables have the most explanatory power for the dependent variable and for which unique groups of students. The study discusses results of analyses in relationship to intersectional research both theoretically and methodologically, as well as future research, and policy implications.
Alcohol consumption, particularly binge drinking, has been consistently linked to greater risk for college campus sexual assault victimization. However, there is a lack of college campus violence prevention and intervention programming that addresses alcohol consumption in relation to campus sexual assault. As such, paper three, titled, “Drinking Protective Behavioral Strategies and College Campus Sexual Assault,” uses logistic regression to explore whether or not the use of drinking protective behavioral strategies (PBS) lowers risk for sexual assault in female college students that drink alcohol. The study examines both the main effects of drinking PBS on sexual assault risk, as well as whether or not the use of drinking PBS moderates the risk of frequent alcohol consumption, and binge drinking on college campus sexual assault. The paper discusses findings, limitations, policy implications, and avenues for future research.
50
Taylor, Randal. "Family-of-origin and current family styles of adults molested as children". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1995. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1226.
Abstract (sommario):
The developmental impact of the family system on a child varies according to the functional status of the family. Harter, Pamela, and Neimeyer (1988) found that sexually abused children reported perceptions of significantly less cohesion and adaptability than nonabused children within their families of origin.