Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Intimate partner rape"
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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Intimate partner rape":
1
Ekwok, Mercy Lawrence, Bassey Ekeng Effiom, Mary Oshama Ebuara, Anthonia Inaja e G. Akpama Elizabeth. "Exploring Community Counselling on Violence against Women, Rape, Divorce and Domestic Violence in Cross River State Nigeria". JOURNAL OF HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL POLICY 8, n. 2 (1 ottobre 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.56201/jhsp.v8.no2.2022.pg1.9.
Abstract (sommario):
This paper discusses reported incidence of domestic violence in Nigeria, the different forms of abuse which may occur in the home and the devastating consequences on the individuals involve and the society at large. Some of the predisposing factors of domestic violence are discussed and counselling, prevention and remedial are proffered ugly situation, Women experience more chronic and injurious physical assaults at the hands of intimate partners than men do. It was found that women who were physically assaulted by an intimate partner are men in their averaged age. Violence perpetrated against women by intimates is often accompanied by emotionally abusive and controlling behavior. The study found that women whose partners were jealous, controlling, or verbally abusive were significantly more likely to report being raped, physically assaulted, and/or being raped, physically assaulted, and/or stalked by a male cohabitant. These findings, combined with those presented in the previous bullet, provide further evidence that intimate partner violence is perpetrated primarily by men, whether against male or female intimates. Thus, strategies for preventing intimate partner violence should focus on risks posed by men. Some studies conclude that women and men are equally likely to be victimized by their partners, but others conclude that women are more likely to be victimized. Some studies conclude that minorities and whites suffer equal rates of intimate partner violence, and others conclude that minorities suffer higher rates.
2
Bergen, Raquel Kennedy, e Paul Bukovec. "Men and Intimate Partner Rape". Journal of Interpersonal Violence 21, n. 10 (ottobre 2006): 1375–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0886260506291652.
3
Carey, Emily T., Maria M. Galano, Sara F. Stein, Hannah M. Clark, Andrew C. Grogan-Kaylor e Sandra A. Graham-Bermann. "Forms of Intimate Partner Rape Experienced by Latinas With and Without Posttraumatic Stress Disorder". Partner Abuse 10, n. 1 (31 gennaio 2019): 59–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1946-6560.10.1.59.
Abstract (sommario):
Intimate partner violence (IPV) affects a large proportion of women in the United States and is a serious public health concern. Rates of IPV are even higher for Latinas in the United States. Approximately, 10% of women experience intimate partner rape in their lifetime, and IPV and intimate partner rape have been strongly linked to the development of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, little research has been done to distinguish different forms of intimate partner rape and their effects. This study examined intimate partner rape for 94 Spanish-speaking Latinas with and without a diagnosis of PTSD. Two forms of rape were assessed, physically forced rape and psychologically coerced rape, and 39% of the women were diagnosed with PTSD. A logistic regression (N = 62) was used to assess the relationship between PTSD and forms of rape. Results indicated that Latinas with PTSD reported more physically forced rape than Latinas without a diagnosis of PTSD. No significant difference in PTSD diagnosis was found for psychologically coerced rape. Future research should focus on investigating factors that potentially mediate the relationship between physically forced rape and PTSD.
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Lynch, Kellie R., Jenna A. Jewell, Jonathan M. Golding e Hannah B. Kembel. "Associations Between Sexual Behavior Norm Beliefs in Relationships and Intimate Partner Rape Judgments". Violence Against Women 23, n. 4 (9 luglio 2016): 426–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077801216642871.
Abstract (sommario):
Using a community sample ( n = 296), we investigated the associations between sexual behavior norm beliefs, acceptance of partner rape, judgments that non-consensual partner sex is “wrong not rape,” and decisions if non-consensual partner sex should be charged as rape. Sexual behavior norm beliefs were associated both directly and indirectly with latter components in the model related to acceptance of non-consensual partner sex judgments and charging rape judgments. In addition, participant gender moderated the model, such that many of the associations between the variables were stronger for males than for females. The results have implications for understanding how individuals label rape between intimate partners.
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Lilley, Caroline, Dominic Willmott, Dara Mojtahedi e Danielle Labhardt. "Intimate Partner Rape: A Review of Six Core Myths Surrounding Women’s Conduct and the Consequences of Intimate Partner Rape". Social Sciences 12, n. 1 (4 gennaio 2023): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci12010034.
Abstract (sommario):
The focus of this paper is to highlight and review the evidence surrounding common intimate partner rape (IPR) myths, their prevalence in society, and identify those who are most likely to endorse such beliefs. Six core IPR myths are discussed related to misconceptions surrounding (1) women’s decisions to remain in abusive relationships, (2) why women delay or never report IPR, (3) women’s perceived motivations when an IPR report is made, (4) a perceived lack of trauma that occurs as a consequence of this type of rape, (5) male sexual entitlement within intimate relationships, and (6) whether it is even possible to rape a marital partner. This article draws together a wealth of studies and research that evidence why such IPR myths are indeed factually inaccurate and examines how victims, justice professionals, police practitioners, and legal decision-makers endorsement of false beliefs pertaining to intimate partner rape serve to hinder various justice pathways. We discuss the consequences of rape mythology in so far as they create social barriers that prohibit the reporting of rape, impact the progression of an allegation through the criminal justice system and ultimately, obstruct rape victims’ access to justice. The review concludes by considering evidence regarding the possible benefits of education interventions in reducing the problematic influence of rape myths.
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Ellison, Louise. "Credibility in context: Jury education and intimate partner rape". International Journal of Evidence & Proof 23, n. 3 (5 novembre 2018): 263–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1365712718807225.
Abstract (sommario):
This article reflects critically on the scope of educational jury directions currently utilised in sexual offence cases in England and Wales and argues for their extension to circumstances specifically arising in cases of so-called ‘domestic’ or intimate partner rape. This position is defended as a necessary step to promote more accurate credibility assessment of claims of sexual violence and the prospects of just trial outcomes for survivors in this subcategory of rape cases.
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Watney, M. "Regspraak: Intimate partner rape: myths, reality and the law". Tydskrif vir die Suid-Afrikaanse Reg 2022, n. 4 (2022): 768–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.47348/tsar/2022/i4a8.
Abstract (sommario):
Die voortdurende opwaartse neiging in misdaadstatistiek van seksuele misdrywe en waarvan dié soort misdaad in intieme verhoudings ook deel vorm, is ’n internasionale tendens. Ook Suid-Afrika het hierdie verskynsel nie vrygespring nie, en wel tot so ’n mate dat die hoogste howe in die land dit gerade geag het om duidelike waarskuwings uit te spreek teen dit wat hulle ooglopend té gereeld op die daaglikse hofrol vind (sien S v Chapman 1997 2 SASV 3 (HHA) 5A-B en S v Tshabalala 2020 2 SASV 38 (KH) par 76). Aanvaarding van die Wysigingswet op die Strafreg (Seksuele Misdrywe en Verwante Aangeleenthede) 32 van 2007 (die wet) is bygevolg allerweë verwelkom as ’n positiewe ontwikkeling om die ondersoek en vervolging van seksuele misdrywe na behore aan te spreek. Uit die internasionale ervaring is dit egter duidelik dat hierdie soort doelgerigte wetgewing nie alleenstaande die deurbraak gee nie: ook moet die bewys- en prosesreg tred hou met veranderinge en in besonder moet ’n kopskuif plaasvind in die stereotipes, vooroordele en mites wat deur die gemeenskap (en in besonder die regsgemeenskap) voorbehou word oor seksuele misdrywe. In Coko v S (2022 1 SASV 24 (OKG)) appelleer die appellant sy skuldigbevinding in die streekhof aan verkragting ter oortreding van artikel 3 van die wet, na die hooggeregshof. In die verhoorhof is dit hom ten laste gelê dat hy die klaagster, met wie hy in ’n vaste verhouding was, verkrag het. Uit die feite blyk dit dat die paartjie op aandrang van die klaagster as maagd, reeds vroeg in hul verhouding die grens getrek het dat geen seksuele omgang aan die orde gaan wees nie. Drukkies, soentjies en intieme aanraking het wel gereeld plaasgevind. Op die gewraakte dag het die twee afgespreek dat die klaagster die nag by die beskuldigde sou deurbring. Nadat hulle saam in die bed ’n rolprent op ’n skootrekenaar gekyk het, het die appellant begin om die klaagster se pajamabroek af te trek. Sy het haar bene gekruis en gesê dat sy nie seksuele omgang wil hê nie. Die appellant het voortgegaan om haar te soen en het orale seks met haar gehad. Sy het nie daarteen kapsie aangeteken nie. Daarop het hy sy broek verwyder, op haar gerol en geslagsgemeenskap met haar gevoer. Tydens die gemeenskap het sy hom probeer afstoot en aangedui dat hy haar seermaak, maar hy het voortgegaan tot ejakulasie bereik is. Sy het hom daarop gevra waarom hy sy woord verbreek het en hy het aangedui dat hy in die moment meegevoer is. Die klaagster het die nag by hom deurgebring en is die volgende oggend weg. In ’n selfoonboodskap het die appellant apologie aangeteken omdat hy sy woord verbreek het deur onbeskermde gemeenskap met haar te hê. Die klaagster het die verhouding enkele dae later verbreek. Getuienis is aangebied deur ’n sielkundige dat die klaagster na afloop van die voorval paniekaanvalle gekry het en aan post traumatiese stressindroom gelei het. Sy het twee maande later ’n strafregtelike klag by die polisie aanhangig gemaak. Die appellant het getuig dat hy uit die klaagster se liggaamstaal afgelei het dat sy toestemming tot gemeenskap gegee het. Die verhoorhof het die appellant se weergawe verwerp en hy is skuldig bevind aan oortreding van artikel 3 van die wet (verkragting) en gevonnis tot sewe jaar gevangenisstraf. Op appèl bevind die hooggeregshof egter dat die staat gefaal het om bo redelike twyfel te bewys dat die appellant bewus was dat daar geen toestemming was nie en dat hy dus nie opset gehad het om die klaagster te verkrag nie. Die skuldigbevinding en vonnis is bygevolg ter syde gestel. Die toestemmingselement by verkragting sal deurgaans ’n deurslaggewende rol vervul, ten spyte van regshervorming wat daarop gemik is om die sekondêre viktimisasie wat dit tot gevolg het, te verminder (Burchell Principles of Criminal Law (2016) 619). Smythe en Pithey argumenteer dat in die lig van die bepalings van die wet, die feitelike ondersoek na die bestaan van toestemming eerder onderneem moet word deur ’n ondersoek na die optrede van die beskuldigde en die omringende omstandighede van die voorval (Sexual Offences Commentary Act 32 of 2007 (2011) 2-6). Skuld in die vorm van dolus directus of dolus eventualis word vereis alvorens ’n skuldigbevinding aan verkragting kan volg. ’n Beskuldigde sal vrygespreek word vanweë ’n gebrek aan wederregtelikheidsbewussyn indien hy bona fide, maar verkeerdelik geglo het dat die klaagster toestemming verleen het. Dit word nie vereis dat sy foutiewe geloof redelik moes wees nie. Daar word aan die hand gedoen dat in die onderhawige geval die appellant onder geen wanindruk kon verkeer oor die feit dat die klaagster geen toestemming tot seksuele omgang verleen het nie. Deur hierdie uitspraak het die hooggeregshof die indruk geskep dat seksuele voorspel outomaties toestemming tot opvolgende geslagsverkeer verleen. Alhoewel die destydse waarskuwing van Langenhoven in “Die mot en die kers” hier opklink, kan daar in ’n grondwetlike bedeling nie só onagsaam met die menswaardigheid, vryheid en sekerheid van die persoon omgegaan word nie. Ook internasionaal word sodanige benadering afgekeur. In Engeland en Kanada word vereis dat die dwaling oor toestemming redelik moet wees. Die Engelse skrywers Rook en Ward Sexual Offences Law and Practice (2016) dui aan dat aanvanklike toestemming tot ’n tipe seksuele aktiwiteit nie outomaties beteken dat toestemming nou daarmee verleen is vir enige denkbare verdere seksuele aktiwiteite nie (79). In die Kanadese beslissing van R v Ewanchuk (1999 1 SCR 330) beslis die hooggeregshof dat voortgesette seksuele handelinge nadat ’n party toestemming geweier het, ten minste roekeloos is en onverskoonbaar (par 52). Die posisie in Malawi toon weinig ontwikkeling in pas met internasionale tendense. In België het die wetgewer so onlangs as 2 Junie 2022 die Strafwetboek se bepalings met betrekking tot verkragting dusdanig gewysig deur die invoeging van ’n omvattende definisie van toestemming waardeur dié element nou sentraal staan in die ondersoek of verkragting gepleeg is en is die vonnisbepaling ook sterk opwaarts aangepas (a 417/5 en 417/11 Strafwetboek). Ook in Spanje is wetgewing wat bepaal dat slegs uitgesproke toestemming tot seksuele omgang as toestemming aanvaar sal word, tans in die parlementêre aannemingsproses. Daar word aan die hand gedoen dat die Wysigingswet sowel as die bestaande Suid-Afrikaanse straf-, proses- en bewysreg ’n voldoende raamwerk skep om seksuele misdrywe, óók gepleeg in intieme verhoudings na behore aan te spreek. Geen verdere regswysiging in dié verband word voorgestel nie. Wat wel aandag verdien is die stereotipes, vooroordele en mites wat deur die gemeenskap (en ook die regsgemeenskap) gekoester word oor seksuele misdrywe. Juis dáár lê die knoop wat toepassing van die reg op die feite erg belemmer.
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Basile, Kathleen C. "Prevalence of Wife Rape and Other Intimate Partner Sexual Coercion in a Nationally Representative Sample of Women". Violence and Victims 17, n. 5 (ottobre 2002): 511–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/vivi.17.5.511.33717.
Abstract (sommario):
This article provides a national estimate of wife rape and various other types of sexual coercion by a spouse or intimate partner. Findings from a 1997 national probability sample revealed that 34% of women were victims of some type of sexual coercion with a husband or partner in their lifetime. Of these women, 10% experienced rape by a current partner. This rate increased to 13% when only victims of rape by a current husband were included, which is consistent with previous studies on wife rape. Other findings reveal that women had unwanted sex with a current spouse or partner in return for a partner’s spending money on them (24%), because they thought it was their “duty” (43%), after a romantic situation (29%), after the partner begged and pleaded with them (26%), and after their partner said things to bully them (9%). The importance of examining a continuum of sexual coercion is discussed and findings are compared and contrasted with other prevalence rates for sexual coercion in marriage.
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Bonomi, Amy, Emily Nichols, Rebecca Kammes, Carla D. Chugani, Natacha M. De Genna, Kelley Jones e Elizabeth Miller. "Alcohol Use, Mental Health Disability, and Violence Victimization in College Women: Exploring Connections". Violence Against Women 24, n. 11 (5 agosto 2018): 1314–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077801218787924.
Abstract (sommario):
The present study is an analysis of in-depth interviews with college women reporting a mental health disability and at least one experience of intimate partner violence (IPV) or sexual violence (SV) to elucidate how alcohol use is associated with both violence victimization and mental health symptoms. Our findings underscore salient alcohol-related themes in college women with histories of IPV/SV and mental health disability: alcohol use in their family of origin and/or with intimate partners, partying and heavy drinking as a normal college social context, abusive partners and SV perpetrators using alcohol as a mechanism for control and targeted rape, and worsening mental health symptoms after violence exposure, which prompted alcohol use to cope and was associated with vulnerability to more violence.
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Nakyazze, Brendah, Karin Österman e Kaj Björkqvist. "The Association between Intimate Partner Rape and Victimisation from Intimate Partner Controlling Behaviour and Physical Aggression in a Ugandan Sample". Journal of Educational, Health and Community Psychology 11, n. 1 (7 marzo 2022): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.12928/jehcp.v11i1.22047.
Tesi sul tema "Intimate partner rape":
1
Wellman, Joseph David. "College Students' Perceptions of Intimate Partner Violence Based on Victim/Perpetrator Sex". Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2007. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/WellmanJD2007.pdf.
2
Ashton, Paul. ""How did it get to this?" gay male intimate partner violence and victim characteristics /". Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 56 p, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1674961501&sid=5&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
3
Campbell, Alyssa M. "RAPE MYTH ACCEPTANCE: A VIGNETTE APPROACH". UKnowledge, 2017. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/hes_etds/54.
Abstract (sommario):
The purpose of this study was to empirically examine the extent to which rape myth acceptance (RMA) varies according to four key contextual factors—race, the victim–perpetrator relationship, resistance strategies, and the decision to report—among those embedded within college and military cultures. Although sexual assault in a university context has been thoroughly investigated, it is typically in comparison to the general population that may not share the same high-risk elements that promote the environment for sexual assault. Therefore, comparisons of college, military, and a general population were sampled to better understand the attitudes that maintain RMA in these high risk environments. Consistent with previous research aimed at understanding attitudes associated with RMA (Carroll et al., 2016; McMahon, 2010), findings from this study indicated that although individuals hold relatively low RMA overall, individuals tend to endorse other rape myths that blame the victim and exonerate the perpetrator. Specifically, race, resistance strategies, and the decision to report all influenced how likely individuals were to attribute some blame to the victim in the vignette.
4
Hashmi, Sidra. "‘Non-Ideal’ Victims: The Persistent Impact of Rape Myths on the Prosecution of Intimate Partner Sexual Violence Against Racialized Immigrant Women in Canada". Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/42737.
Abstract (sommario):
Intimate Partner Sexual Violence (IPSV) is a global issue that impacts women of all social locations, but it disproportionately impacts racialized immigrant women. While there is a lack of literature on the topic of IPSV in general, there is a particular dearth of research on the prosecution of IPSV cases involving racialized immigrant women in Canada. There is little research on how these women are revictimized within the criminal justice system because of rape myths pertaining to IPSV, race, and citizenship. In this project, I aim to interrogate the legal rhetoric within judicial decisions regarding cases of IPSV involving racialized immigrant women. In so doing, I ask: How do judges conceptualize racialized immigrant women in cases of IPSV? How do these conceptualizations reproduce myths and stereotypes about these women who report IPSV?
I use Feminist Critical Discourse Analysis (FCDA) to mobilize law as a gendering and racializing practice in my analysis of eight summaries of judicial decisions of criminal and immigration proceedings pertaining to IPSV. Critical Race Theory (CRT) contributes to my theoretical framework to advance our understanding of law as a gendering and racializing practice. Through an abductive process, I find three discourses that dominate judicial decisions: ‘ideal’ victims resist sexual assault and do not delay in reporting; ‘ideal’ victims do not know or maintain ongoing contact with the accused; and judges excuse defendants of sexual assault due to the beliefs that male sexuality is uncontrollable, and women pursue false allegations. These rape myths normalize violence against women of colour and immigrant women by reinforcing the view that they are ‘non-ideal’ victims.
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Carpenter, Erika. "Impact of School-Based Sex Education on College Students’ Rape Myth Acceptance: An Exploratory Analysis". VCU Scholars Compass, 2017. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/4749.
Abstract (sommario):
Research indicates nearly one-fourth of college women fall victim to sexual assault (Cantor et. al., 2015). Two predictors of high proclivity to rape are endorsement of rape myths and adherence to traditional gender norms (King & Roberts, 2011). Additionally, research shows school-based sex education in the United States presents gender and sexual norms in troubling ways that disproportionately harm women (Kendall, 2013). However, research on sexual assault and rape myths have not examined the impact school-based sex education has on rape supportive attitudes. This study aimed to bridge that gap by using original survey data from undergraduate students at a large public university. Analyses indicate sex education has an inconsistent impact on rape myth acceptance; additionally, seeking sexual health information online was found to significantly lower endorsement of rape myths. Study outcomes suggest that further research is needed to explore the relationship between sex education curricula and rape supportive attitudes.
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MacLean, Sarah. "The Role of Gender-Related Constructs in the Tolerance of Dating Violence: A Multivariate Analysis". Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/31822.
Abstract (sommario):
Using a purposive sampling technique, this study employed an online questionnaire to assess the relationship between attitudes towards gender-related constructs (e.g. rape myth acceptance, shared power in relationships, the acceptability of dating violence and perceived seriousness of dating violence) and the tolerance of dating violence among undergraduate students in the Faculty of Social Science at the University of Ottawa. Linear regression models were conducted to identify the most salient predictors of the tolerance of dating violence. A general/combined model was examined as well as three subtype-specific models (e.g. psychological, physical and sexual dating violence). A total of seven predictor variables were entered into each model in three blocks: sociodemographic variables were entered first, followed by sex and then gender-related constructs (e.g. rape myth acceptance, power in relationships, the acceptability and seriousness of dating violence). The results identify a number of variables that are associated with the tolerance of dating violence scales and some that led to a decrease in scores on these scales. Findings suggest that the link between gender-related constructs and the tolerance of dating violence is complex and multidimensional and warrants further research to explain the variation observed.
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Furphy, Nicole. "Institutions in America and How They Contribute to Sexual Violence". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/secfr-conf/2018/schedule/25.
Abstract (sommario):
This research looks into the ways society, the media, and the criminal justice system influence the sexual values of individuals in the United States. These separate, yet interdependent, institutions have profound impacts on the attitudes individuals have towards sexual violence. The research explores the ways we are consciously and subconsciously consumers of messages that influence how we view a myriad of issues related to sexual expression. Additionally, this research highlights how various factors contribute to the rape culture prevalent in contemporary American society. Specifically, the research explores theories rooted in the psychopathology model and argues that while some perpetrators of sexual violence are mentally ill, this model and the treatment model which are often applied by society may inadvertently provide perpetrators of sexual violence a scapegoat. Additionally, the nature of the biological theory, often referred to as the “impulse” model, is another way American society permits perpetrators of sexual violence to blame their behavior on evolution and genetic predispositions (Levay & Baldwin, 2012). Also discussed is the advancements in technology and the media’s methods of portraying sexual violence in the news and how it profoundly impacts the sexual values of Americans (Waechter & Ma, 2015). In summation, this review of the literature, will investigate how the values of sexual violence also impacts the criminal justice system, the results of sexual violence trials, and how victims are treated in the system (Moylan, 2017). The impact of sexual violence does not just affect the survivors themselves. However, there are few studies on the impact of sexual violence on secondary victims, such as family members. The majority of the literature focuses on how to help the survivor through abuse, without attention to how family members work through their own trauma. There is literature that states, following the sexual assault of a family or loved one, family and friends often experience considerable emotional distress and physical and psychological symptoms that can disrupt their lifestyles and family structures (Cwik, 1996). Responses of family members to the assault, including shock, helplessness, rage and so on, which can "parallel the affective responses of the victim" in the acute post-traumatic period (Silverman, 1978, p. 169). Undoubtedly, the impact of sexual violence is significant for the entire family, and the experience of each survivor will vary.
8
Hernandez, Bridgette Lynn. "Violence in teen dating relationships: Factors that may influence the occurrence of dating violence". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2000. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1651.
Abstract (sommario):
The current study used a Post-positivist paradigm and was quantitative in nature. In addition, it used a descriptive survey design, which utilized self-reported questionnaires. The final sample included 125 students, ages 18-20, in undergraduate psychology courses at a Southern California university. This study attempted to explore the differences between the tree types of dating violence profiles: 1) victim only, 2) perpetrator only and 3) mutually violent; however, only 37 participants completed the questionnaire, which made statistical analysis impossible. Nonetheless, this study explored differences in relation to the demographic characteristics and five variables: a) gender, b) self-esteem, c) severity of violence, d) relationship satisfaction, and e) acceptance of violence. Therefore, this study proposed that differences would be identified and used correlations to reveal any associations between the variables. It was discovered that dating violence occurred among the sample with an 87.8% prevalence rate.
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Krolnik, Campos Monica. "The Impact of Sexual Assault Training and Gender on Rape Attitudes". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/796.
Abstract (sommario):
Sexual assault is a growing concern across college campuses in the United States. According to the Sexual Victimization of College Women study, the victimization rate is 27.7 rapes per 1,000 women students (Fisher, Cullen, & Turner, 2000). In response to the high prevalence of sexual assault, college campuses are now mandated to implement various forms of sexual assault prevention programming. Sexual assault prevention programming is intended to promote awareness of sexual assault and reduce the prevalence of sexual assault on college campuses. Numerous studies have examined the short term effectiveness of sexual assault prevention programs (e.g., Anderson & Whiston, 2005). However, few studies have explored the effectiveness of repeated, annual prevention program participation on rape supportive beliefs. In addition, studies that have explored the efficacy of prevention programs have tended to rely exclusively on self-report measures and some have only focused on outcomes among men or women groups only. The purpose of the present study was to examine the impact of level of participation and gender in sexual assault prevention training on rape myth acceptance (RMA) and response latency to a hypothetical date rape scenario among a sample of Western college students. Results revealed no significant relationships between higher levels of sexual assault prevention programming participation and RMA scores and latency times. Additionally, there were no gender differences on IRMA scores or response latency. Findings have important implications for future sexual assault prevention programming efforts on college campuses and community settings.
10
Sanchez, Marianne. "Violences sexuelles au sein du couple : profils de victimisation sexuelle et exploration phénoménologique chez les femmes victimes de violences conjugales". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 10, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023PA100108.
Abstract (sommario):
Les violences au sein du couple sont un phénomène complexe et polymorphe, comprenant les violences physiques, psychologiques, sexuelles, et économiques. Elles constituent l’expression la plus courante des violences faites aux femmes dans le monde. Parmi elles, les violences sexuelles incluent toute activité sexuelle non consentie, obtenue par l’utilisation de la force ou de la coercition. En dépit de leurs conséquences délétères pour la santé mentale des victimes, ces violences demeurent peu étudiées. L’objectif principal de cette thèse est de contribuer à la compréhension de la dimension sexuelle des violences au sein du couple, en posant trois questions de recherche : à quelles violences sexuelles (type d’actes imposés, fréquence) les victimes sont-elles exposées ? Quelles sont les caractéristiques cliniques associées chez les victimes ? Comment les violences sexuelles, perpétrées par le partenaire intime, sont-elles vécues et interprétées par les victimes ? Méthode. Après avoir effectué une recension de la littérature, les données d’une première étude transversale d’un échantillon de femmes victimes de violences conjugales (N=93) ayant déposé plainte, recueillies via des questionnaires auto et hétéro administrés, ont fait l’objet d’analyses statistiques en clusters et comparatives. Les données d’une seconde étude, recueillies au travers d’entretiens non-directifs avec des femmes ayant révélé des violences sexuelles exercées par leur partenaire ont fait l’objet d’une analyse phénoménologique interprétative (N=7). Les résultats de la première étude indiquent que 65,6% des femmes victimes de violences conjugales de l’échantillon ont subi des violences sexuelles commises par leur partenaire. Parmi elles, quatre clusters ont été identifiés, correspondant à des contextes variables : « viols très fréquents » (5,4%), « coercition sexuelle prédominante » (20,4%), « formes multiples - fréquence intermédiaire » (20,4%), et « formes multiples – fréquence faible » (19,4%). Cette étude met en évidence la grande hétérogénéité des situations de violences sexuelles dans les relations violentes, et la tendance des femmes victimisées sexuellement à présenter des symptômes accentués de trouble de stress post-traumatique complexe. L’étude qualitative a permis d’identifier cinq thèmes majeurs dans l’expérience des victimes: les effets d’une dynamique sexuelle préexistante aux violences sexuelles, contribuant à « préparer le terrain »; un vécu de déshumanisation; la pénibilité d’une charge cognitive intense, liées aux tentatives de compréhension des agressions; un processus de réinterprétation rétrospective des violences sexuelles, après la séparation ; et le sentiment d’un impact psychologique toujours présent malgré la séparation. Cette étude révèle comment la détresse émotionnelle et l'incertitude cognitive sont présentes avant les violences sexuelles, pendant les violences sexuelles, et se poursuivent après la séparation. Elle montre également comment les victimes les interprètent dans le sens d’une vulnérabilité propre, au croisement entre antécédents traumatiques dans l’enfance et attachement insécure. Ce travail contribue à une amélioration des connaissances sur un sujet sensible et mal connu. Les implications en termes de prévention, de formation des professionnels, de repérage et de psychothérapie sont discutées. Davantage de recherches sont nécessaires pour avancer vers une prise en charge globale, intégrant les différentes dimensions et aspects complexes des violences conjugalesIntimate partner violence is a complex and multifaceted phenomenon. It includes physical, psychological, sexual, economic and administrative violence, and is the most common form of violence against women worldwide. Intimate partner sexual violence includes any non-consensual sexual activity within a partnership that is obtained using force, threat or coercion. Despite its detrimental effects on mental health, intimate partner sexual violence remains under-researched, limiting our ability to understand and address the problem. The main objective of this thesis is to contribute to the understanding of the sexual dimension of intimate partner violence. Three research questions are addressed: what situations of sexual victimization (types of acts, frequency) are intimate partner violence victims exposed to? What are the associated clinical characteristics among victims? And how is sexual violence experienced and interpreted when perpetrated by a partner?Methods. After performing a literature review, data from a first cross-sectional study of a sample of female victims of intimate partner violence (N=93), collected through self and third party administered questionnaires, were subjected to cluster and comparative statistical analyses. Data from a second study, collected through non-directive interviews with women who disclosed sexual violence by their partner (N=7), were the subject of an interpretative phenomenological analysis.The results of the quantitative study indicate that 65.6% of the women in the sample had experienced intimate partner sexual violence. Four clusters were identified, corresponding to different contexts: « highly frequent rapes » (5.4%), « predominant sexual coercion » (20.4%), « medium frequency of all forms » (20.4%), and « low frequency of all forms » (19.4%). This study highlights the significant heterogeneity of sexual violence situations within violent relationships, and the tendency of sexually victimized women to suffer from more pronounced symptoms of complex post-traumatic stress disorder. The qualitative study identified five key themes in the lived experience of victims: the impact of a pre-existing sexual dynamic on sexual violence, which helps to « set the stage »; an experience of dehumanization; the pain of an intense cognitive load, associated with trying to understand the aggressions; a process of retrospective reinterpretation of sexual violence, after separation; and the feeling of a psychological impact that is still present despite the separation. This study reveals how emotional distress and cognitive uncertainty are present prior to sexual violence, during sexual violence, and continue after separation. It also shows how victims interpret it in terms of their own vulnerability, at the intersection of traumatic childhood history and insecure attachment This work contributes to improving knowledge about a sensitive and poorly understood topic. The implications for prevention, training of professionals, detection and psychotherapy are discussed. More research is needed to move toward a comprehensive approach that integrates the multiple dimensions and complexities of intimate partner violence
Libri sul tema "Intimate partner rape":
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Cuthbert, Carrie. Intimate partner sexual abuse: An international survey and literature review. Wellesley, MA: Center for Research on Women, Wellesley College, Women's Rights Network, 1999.
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Myers, John E. B. Myers on evidence of interpersonal violence: Child maltreatment, intimate partner violence, rape, stalking, and elder abuse. New York: Wolters Kluwer Law & Business, 2011.
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Kennedy, Bergen Raquel, a cura di. Issues in intimate violence. Thousand Oaks, Calif: Sage Publications, 1998.
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United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. Addressing domestic violence in professional sports: Hearing before the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, United States Senate, One Hundred Thirteenth Congress, second session, December 2, 2014. Washington: U.S. Government Publishing Office, 2015.
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Mansley, Elizabeth A. Intimate partner violence: Race, social class, and masculinity. El Paso: LFB Scholarly Pub., 2009.
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Mansley, Elizabeth A. Intimate partner violence: Race, social class, and masculinity. El Paso, AR: LFB Scholarly Pub., 2009.
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Brennfleck, Shannon Joyce, a cura di. Domestic violence sourcebook: Basic consumer health information about warning signs, risk factors, and health consequences of intimate partner violence, sexual violence and rape, stalking, human trafficking, child maltreatment, teen dating violence, and elder abuse; along with facts about victims and perpetrators, strategies for violence prevention, and emergency interventions, safety plans, and financial and legal tips for victims, a glossary of related terms, and directories of resources for additional information and support. 3a ed. Detroit, MI: Omnigraphics, 2009.
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MYERS. Myers on Evidence of Interpersonal Violence: Child Maltreatment, Intimate Partner Violence, Rape, Stalking, and Elder Abuse. Wolters Kluwer Law & Business, 2015.
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McOrmond-Plummer, Louise. Intimate partner sexual violence: A multidisciplinary guide to improving services and support for survivors of rape and abuse. 2014.
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Bergen, Raquel Kennedy. Issues in Intimate Violence. SAGE Publications, Incorporated, 1998.
Capitoli di libri sul tema "Intimate partner rape":
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Grabanski, Chloe R., Raina V. Lamade, Brandon C. Guarini e Angie M. Rosa. "Intimate Partner Rape". In Encyclopedia of Sexual Psychology and Behavior, 1–11. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-08956-5_1241-1.
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Gottzén, Lucas, e Kalle Berggren. "The rape capital or the most gender-equal country in the world? Masculinity, hybridity and young men’s intimate partner violence in Sweden". In Men, Masculinities and Intimate Partner Violence, 66–80. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2021. |: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429280054-5.
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Featherstone, Lisa, Cassandra Byrnes, Jenny Maturi, Kiara Minto, Renée Mickelburgh e Paige Donaghy. "Consent and Reproductive Coercion". In Palgrave Socio-Legal Studies, 105–25. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-46622-9_6.
Abstract (sommario):
AbstractThis chapter maps a recent history of reproductive coercion and abuse in Australia centred on intimate partner relationships and familial relationships in the mid-to-late-twentieth century. Reproductive coercion and abuse are currently understood as the interference in another person’s reproductive choices—forced termination of pregnancy, forced continuation of pregnancy, prohibiting contraceptive use, or imposing contraceptive use. This particular violation of consent in intimate partner and familial relationships has been documented as an extension of sexual violence under certain circumstances. Thus far, few scholarly works have focused on understanding the pervasiveness of this phenomenon in decades past. In heterosexual intimate partner relationships, manipulation, promises of marriage and love, and physical and sexual violence were used to enact reproductive coercion and abuse in quite explicit ways. When considering parents’ role in making reproductive choices for their children, financial incentives, homelessness, and emotional manipulation were most frequently used. In the same ways that experiences of rape and sexual abuse hinge on notions of consent and bodily autonomy, reproductive coercion is a form of sexual and medical violence that violates an individual’s right to make informed choices. Examining its history allows us to see how reproductive coercion and abuse are often coupled with other instances of sexual violence, and it facilitates a broader understanding of the ways in which autonomy and coercion operate in relationships.
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Parroco, Anna Maria, e Micaela Arcaio. "Assessing intimate partner violence in African countries through a model-based composite indicator". In Proceedings e report, 197–202. Florence: Firenze University Press and Genova University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/979-12-215-0106-3.35.
Abstract (sommario):
Violence against women has been recognised to affect all dimensions of women’s lives and health, involving both the physical and mental conditions of victims and their general well-being. Intimate partner violence (IPV) – characterized by one of the partners seeking power and control over the other – can be identified as either emotional, physical, or sexual abuse. Recent data show that 33% of ever-married women in Sub-Saharan Africa have survived this form of abuse. The literature lacks an overall measure of violence suitable for surveys since the Composite Abuse Scale (Revised) – Short Form captures IPV mostly in a clinical setting. The data here used are drawn from the Demographic and Health Survey (DHS). They are part of fifteen surveys that include a module on domestic violence and were carried out in African countries mostly from 2015 to 2018. All women selected for this sample are married women, aged 15-64. Three logistic regression models were previously defined to investigate the determinants of physical, emotional and sexual abuse - independently. In these models, the history of violence – defined as witnessing parental violence, rape by a man other than her partner, and number of abusers in life – turned out to be crucial in predicting violence itself. The intensity of how justified wife-beating is by women themselves and the number of control issues also resulted as significant across all models. On the other hand, the partner’s high education and higher wealth turned out to be protective factors. On these bases, the definition and construction of a composite indicator of IPV with a Structural Equation Model (SEM) are already underway. The possibility of ranking the units of analysis according to the level of the IPV indicator can allow governmental and non-governmental organizations to implement socio-educational interventions that are better targeted to the actual needs of each context.
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Gavrielides, Theo. "Power imbalance and intimate partner violence – India". In Power, Race, and Justice, 267–69. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003194576-34.
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Cannon, Clare. "On the Importance of Feminist Theories: Gender, Race, Sexuality and IPV". In Intimate Partner Violence and the LGBT+ Community, 37–52. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44762-5_3.
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Duhaney, Patrina. "A critical race feminist perspective on racialized women’s experiences of intimate partner abuse". In Handbook of Victims and Victimology, 174–88. Second edition. | Abingdon, Oxon; New York, NY: Routledge, 2017.: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315712871-12.
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McWilliams, Monica, e Fionnuala Ní Aoláin. "Human Rights Meets Intimate Partner Sexual Violence". In Marital Rape, 187–98. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190238360.003.0013.
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Sachs, Carolyn, e Linda J. Gomberg. "Intimate Partner Sexual Abuse". In Intimate Partner Violence, 265–74. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195179323.003.0019.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract Most perpetrators of sexual assault are not strangers but are well known to their victims. Approximately 8%–14% of women suffer sexual abuse from an intimate partner or former intimate partner during their lifetimes. Intimate partner sexual abuse (IPSA) includes sexual assault/battery, rape, sexual contact without consent, coercion, intimidation, and acquiescence. Traditional societal biases continue to blame victims of intimate partner sexual abuse to a greater extent than victims of sexual assault by a stranger. Intimate partner sexual abuse is associated with harmful psychological and physical sequela at least as severe as sexual assault by other perpetrators.
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Smith, Daniel Jordan. "Modern Marriage, Masculinity, and Intimate Partner Violence in Nigeria". In Marital Rape, 41–54. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190238360.003.0004.
Atti di convegni sul tema "Intimate partner rape":
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Marziali, Megan, Seth Prins e Silvia Martins. "Partner Incarceration and Maternal Substance Use: Investigating the Mediating Effects of Social Support and Neighborhood Cohesion". In 2021 Virtual Scientific Meeting of the Research Society on Marijuana. Research Society on Marijuana, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.26828/cannabis.2022.01.000.41.
Abstract (sommario):
Introduction: The United States is responsible for the highest rate of incarceration globally. The impacts of incarceration extend beyond those incarcerated and can result in adverse outcomes for chosen romantic or life partners and the family unit. This study aimed to explore the impact of partner incarceration on maternal substance use and whether the relationship between partner incarceration and maternal substance use is mediated by financial support, emergency social support, or neighborhood cohesion. Methods: Using data from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study, a longitudinal cohort following new parents and children, this analysis quantifies the relationship between paternal incarceration and maternal substance use (N=2246). Responses from mothers at years 3 (2001-2003), 5 (2003-2006), 9 (2007-2010), and 15 (2014-2017) were assessed, restricted to mothers who responded across waves. The exposure, partner incarceration, was operationalized as mothers reporting their current partner or child’s father to be ever incarcerated at year 3. The outcome, substance use in the past year (yes vs. no), was assessed at each time point. Respondents were asked whether they used marijuana, sedatives, tranquilizers, amphetamines, prescription painkillers, inhalants, cocaine, hallucinogens, or heroin. Three mediators were investigated at years 5 and 9: neighborhood cohesion, financial support, and emergency social support. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was employed to construct support-related mediators. Counting on someone to loan $200, providing a temporary place to stay, and providing emergency childcare were hypothesized to load onto one factor (emergency social support) and counting on someone to loan $1000, co-sign a bank loan for $1000 and co-sign a bank loan for $5000 were hypothesized to load onto a separate factor (financial support). Items were weighted by factor loadings and responses were summed to create a scale for financial support and emergency social support, with a higher score denoting greater degree of support. Impact of partner incarceration and maternal substance use was modeled using multilevel modeling to account for repeated measures, adjusting for appropriate confounders (age of mother at child’s birth, race, education, employment, and history of intimate partner violence). Results: Nearly half (42.7%, N=958) of participants reported partner incarceration. Among mothers who described partner incarceration, the odds of reporting substance use are 96% (adjusted Odds Ratio [aOR]: 1.96; 95% Confidence Interval (CI):1.56-2.46) greater in comparison to those who reported no partner incarceration. Financial support at year 5 mediated 17% of the relationship between partner incarceration at year 3 and substance use at year 9 (p-value = 0.006); financial support at year 9 was not a significant mediator of the relationship between partner incarceration at year 3 and substance use at year 15. Neither emergency social support nor neighborhood cohesion were significant mediators at either year 5 or year 9. Conclusions: These findings demonstrate that partner incarceration impacts maternal substance use. Financial support acts as a partial mediator in the short term, which has important implications for families disrupted by mass incarceration.
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Cunradi, Carol, Raul Caetano, William Ponicki e Harrison Alter. "Prevalence and Correlates of Cannabis Use and Co-use in Cigarette Smokers and Non-Smokers: An Emergency Department Study". In 2021 Virtual Scientific Meeting of the Research Society on Marijuana. Research Society on Marijuana, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.26828/cannabis.2022.01.000.14.
Abstract (sommario):
Background: Compared to the general household population, elevated rates of cannabis and cigarette smoking are found among adults seeking medical care at urban safety-net hospital Emergency Departments (ED). The goal of this study is to assess the prevalence and identify the demographic and psychosocial correlates of cannabis use with and without cigarette co-use in comparison to non-cannabis/tobacco users in an urban ED population. Methods: Secondary analysis was conducted on cross-sectional data collected in 2017 for a study on intimate partner violence, drinking and drug use among married/partnered adults ages 18-50 who were English or Spanish speakers seeking non-acute care at an urban ED (N=1,037; 53% female). Face-to-face survey interviews were conducted after obtaining informed consent from participants. We measured past 12-month cannabis use and past 30-day cigarette smoking. Data were collected on demographic (age, gender, level of education, race/ethnicity) and mental health factors (anxiety, depression, PTSD, past 12-month risky drinking [females/males drank 4+/5+ drinks]). Study participants were categorized as tobacco users without cannabis use (13.5%); cannabis users without tobacco use (13.8%); cannabis users with tobacco use (13.3%); and those who used neither substance (59.5%). We conducted chi-square analysis to examine the relationship between demographic and psychosocial factors and cannabis/tobacco co-use status, and multinomial logistic regression to estimate the factors associated with each type of cannabis/tobacco co-use category relative to non-users. Results: Approximately half of cannabis users smoked cigarettes. Compared to women, men had greater odds of smoking cigarettes without cannabis (aOR=3.26; 95% CI 2.12, 5.00), using cannabis without cigarettes (aOR=2.38; 95% CI 1.54, 3.69), or being a cannabis/tobacco co-user (aOR=3.72; 95% CI 2.30, 6.02). Latinx participants were less likely to smoke cigarettes without cannabis (aOR=0.24; 95% CI 0.10, 0.56), use cannabis without cigarettes (aOR=0.18; 95% CI 0.08, 0.42), or co-use cannabis/tobacco (aOR=0.05; 95% CI 0.02, 0.11) than white participants. Participant age was inversely associated with using cannabis without cigarettes (aOR=0.93; 95% CI 0.91, 0.96) and being a cannabis/tobacco co-user (aOR=0.95; 95% CI 0.93, 0.98). Regarding psychosocial factors, those who screened positively for anxiety had greater odds for using cannabis without cigarettes (aOR=1.93; 95% CI 1.20, 3.10) and being a cannabis/tobacco co-user (aOR=3.40; 95% CI 2.04, 5.66) compared to those who screened negatively. Those who screened positively for PTSD had elevated odds for using cannabis without cigarettes (aOR=1.65; 95% 1.00, 2.75) compared to those who screened negatively. Those who had engaged in risky drinking had greater odds of smoking cigarettes without cannabis (aOR=2.27; 95% CI 1.47, 3.48), using cannabis without cigarettes (aOR=2.54; 95% CI 1.61, 4.02), or being a cannabis/tobacco co-user (aOR=4.34; 95% CI 2.71, 6.97) compared to those who had not engaged in this behavior. Conclusions: Over one quarter of an urban ED sample used cannabis either with or without cigarettes. The results suggest that there are distinct demographic and mental health risk and protective factors associated with cannabis use and co-use in cigarette smokers and non-smokers. Cannabis users who smoke cigarettes may be especially vulnerable to mental health problems.
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Ó, Júlia R. S. do, Joaquim F. Fernandes, Rafael C. E. Segato, Frank L. B. Rodrigues, Ana Cláudia G. Lima, Nilceana M. A. Freitas, Deidimar C. B. Abreu e Leandro G. Oliveira. "PALB2 MUTATION IN A 31-YEAR-OLD WOMAN: A CASE REPORT". In Abstracts from the Brazilian Breast Cancer Symposium - BBCS 2021. Mastology, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29289/259453942021v31s2039.
Abstract (sommario):
Introduction: Oncogenetics advances allow to identifying the relationship between many genes and breast cancer (BC). The PALB2 (partner and localizer of BRCA2) gene is intimately involved in DNA damage response, and although very rare, heterozygous mutations are highly penetrant for BC. There are not enough studies to define the ideal follow-up and management of the patients with BC. Case Report: A 31-year-old female, G0P0A0, presents complaining of a lump in her right breast with no family history of cancer. A breast ultrasound was performed and revealed BI-RADS3. Core biopsy revealed a grade 3 ductal infiltrate carcinoma, with micropapillary features. Immunohistochemistry testing detected estrogen receptor (100%), progesterone receptor (3%), negative HER2 (−), and Ki67 (proliferation marker) (15%). The patient presented with a breast mass (8 cm × 8 cm), nipple inversion, and clinically was N1. Magnetic resonance imaging of the breast showed right axillary lymph node enlargement of 1.1´1.6 cm, and retroareolar and lateral quadrants of the right breast distortions. Because of diffuse skin thickening and nipple retraction, the disease was classified as cT4N1. She received neoadjuvant chemotherapy (weekly paclitaxel followed by dose-dense doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide) with concomitant ovarian suppression. Genetic testing for ovarian cancer and BC found the pathogenic variant c.2164_2168del, p. (Met723Valfs*21), in heterozygosity in the PALB2 gene and interpreted based on the clinical picture and the classification of variants of the American College of Medical Genetics. A right mastectomy with pathologic complete response in the breast and a micrometastasis node 1.5 mm/10 (ypT0N1mic) was conducted. Prophylactic left adenomastectomy was negative for malignancy. In the adjuvant setting, radiotherapy and endocrine therapy with ovarian suppression and aromatase inhibitor for 5 years were scheduled. Conclusion: The critical role of PALB2 in DNA repair increases the risk for BC and contralateral BCs. There is no evidence of adverse outcomes or toxicity with the use of radiotherapy in PALB2 carriers. Locoregional management and prophylactic decisions should be made on the basis of conventional clinicopathologic factors and international guidelines recommendations.