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Vorobeva, E. Y., e I. V. Filimonova. "Institutional environment and investment". Interexpo GEO-Siberia 2, n. 4 (18 maggio 2022): 113–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.33764/2618-981x-2022-2-4-113-120.
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The paper has an analytical and research nature. The purpose of the paper is to study the dynamics of capital investments by investment areas, sources and subjects of the Russian Federation. The main trends of capital investments in Russia are revealed - as a percentage of GDP, dynamics for the period from 2015 to 2020, and in comparison with countries with more developed economies. The paper shows that the Central Federal District is the leader in terms of investment, and the leading areas of investment are manufacturing and mining. The theoretical framework proving the relationship between institutional factors and the amount of investment in the region is explored. The paper also analyzes the practical relationship between institutional factors and fixed capital investment inflow, using the leading federal district as an example.
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Chung, Richard. "Corporate investment and institutional investors". Corporate Ownership and Control 10, n. 2 (2013): 173–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv10i2c1art3.
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This paper examines corporate governance provided by different types of institutional investors on REIT investment decisions and its impact on firm performance. First, we find that property-type Q (firm-specific stock valuation) positively affects REIT investment decisions and such effect is materially influenced by institutional ownerships. Second, we expand Hartzell, Sun, and Titman (2006), and find negative impacts of investments on future REIT performance. We argue that firms over-invest when they see stock prices in their particular sectors are over-valued, and over-investments subsequently depress firm value. We also find that the over-investment problem is mitigated by corporate governance and monitoring performed by institutional investors
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Fakher, Hentati, e Bouri Abdelfettah. "Institutional investors and immaterial investments". International Journal of Management and Enterprise Development 12, n. 4/5/6 (2013): 310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijmed.2013.056435.
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Pai, Santosh, e Aravind Yelery. "Institutional Distances and Economic Engagement Between India and China". China Report 53, n. 2 (21 aprile 2017): 214–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0009445517696641.
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This article argues that bridging institutional distance is a reliable method to increase the flow of Chinese investments into India. India’s growing economy and ability to attract investments from China meets most of the conditions that can be considered attractive for investments from China. This is complemented by China also fulfilling many of the criteria as a source of foreign direct investment (FDI) into India. China is a major trading partner of India but the Indian economy remains highly deficient in Chinese investment which undermines reciprocity in economic affairs. The possible reasons for underinvestment by Chinese enterprises in India are partly associated with the lack of sufficient interactions between institutions of both the countries, which in turn creates ‘institutional distances’ impacting economic affairs. This article attempts to throw light on these issues from theoretical and behavioural perspectives. Apart from instances of ‘institutional differences’, the article will also attempt to address how select ministries in China and India function while dealing with each other on a case by case basis.
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Galvin, Daniel J. "The Transformation of Political Institutions: Investments in Institutional Resources and Gradual Change in the National Party Committees". Studies in American Political Development 26, n. 1 (30 marzo 2012): 50–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0898588x12000028.
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Institutional theorists have made major progress in recent years examining gradual processes of endogenous institutional change. Building on this line of theorizing, this article highlights an often overlooked source of incremental change in political institutions: investments ininstitutional resources. Unlike path-dependent processes, which are relatively open at the front end and relatively closed at the back end, resource investments made in one period serve to widen an institution's path and enhance its capacity to undertake a broader range of activities in subsequent periods. Drawn out over time, these investments can gradually transform institutional operations and purposes. To illustrate these dynamics, this article reconsiders the transformation of the national party committees into “parties in service” to their candidates. The most influential theoretical explanation for this change is supplied by actor-centered functionalist accounts that either ignore the parties' institutional forms or treat them as mere reflections of actors' preferences. As an alternative, I suggest that investments in two types of institutional resources—human resources and information assets—were integral to the process through which each party changed. Piecemeal investments in these resources gradually enabled each national party committee to provide a wider range of campaign services to its candidates, thereby producing ostensibly new “functions” over time. Though the process of institutional change unfolded at very different times in each party, the same dynamics were on display in both cases.
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Xu, Xinpeng, Jan P. Voon e Yan Shang. "Unbundling institutional determinants of multinational investments". Applied Economics 49, n. 23 (29 settembre 2016): 2269–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00036846.2016.1237754.
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Froot, Kenneth A., e Tarun Ramadorai. "Institutional Portfolio Flows and International Investments". Review of Financial Studies 21, n. 2 (30 gennaio 2008): 937–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rfs/hhm091.
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Karavas, Vassilios N. "Alternative Investments in the Institutional Portfolio". Journal of Alternative Investments 3, n. 3 (31 dicembre 2000): 11–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3905/jai.2000.318962.
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van Raak, Jeroen, e Amber Raaphorst. "From performance measurement to performance management in the impact investment industry". Maandblad Voor Accountancy en Bedrijfseconomie 94, n. 5/6 (30 giugno 2020): 205–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/mab.94.48610.
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Impact investments have the potential to play an important role in solving social and environmental problems. Although the sector is growing rapidly, it does face a number of challenges, in particular related to impact measurement. Measuring the impact of such investments, which aim to achieve social and/or environmental impact while simultaneously generating financial returns, has proven difficult. This study examines the design and application of measurement systems related to impact investments. To investigate this, the seven impact measurement guidelines of the IMWG are used as a framework. We study to which degree impact investors set concrete investment objectives, how they measure and collect data related to the generated impact of the investments, and how they use such data to evaluate investment opportunities. We rely on a qualitative research methodology, including 13 semi-structured interviews among Dutch institutional investors. We find that impact investors typically set general, but not specific impact objectives. Furthermore, we note that impact investors are still searching for and experimenting with performance measures, and that they would value the development of standardized measures. Such standardized measures may assist in reducing the cost of obtaining investment data, while simultaneously increasing data reliability. Although the obtained impact data is currently hardly used for external reporting and impact data driven investment decisions, the institutional investors expect this to happen in the near future as the process of impact measurement matures. This would enable institutional investors to transition from performance measurement to performance management in the impact investment industry.
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Baer, Werner. "Institutional obstacles to Brazil’s economic growth and development". Revista de Desenvolvimento e Políticas Públicas, n. 1 (23 febbraio 2015): 7–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.31061/redepp.v0n1.7-16.
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This article tries to discover some of the roots behind Brazil’s slow economic growth. These include the generally low investment/GDP ratio, the country’s incapacity to implement timely infrastructure investments, the long-term overvalued exchange rate, the poverty of human capital, the incapacity to do state-of-the-arts research and development, and the weak educational system.
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Wang, Liu, e Shaomin Li. "Determinants of foreign direct and indirect investments from the institutional perspective". International Journal of Emerging Markets 13, n. 5 (29 novembre 2018): 1330–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijoem-01-2018-0038.
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Purpose Amid the rising concerns about the unbalanced globalization, there has been a renewed interest in examining the pattern of international trade and investment, especially between emerging and mature economies. In this study, the purpose of this paper is to examine the role of different institutional and market-related determinants in shaping the pattern and mode of foreign investments in emerging and developed markets. Design/methodology/approach The empirical investigation is based on a balanced panel sample of 45 countries (28 developed countries and 17 emerging economies) over an 11-year period from 2002 to 2012. A series of multivariable regressions are conducted to evaluate both the trend and the mode of foreign investment with rigorous robustness checks. Findings Overall, the authors find that market openness and capital market development are the main determinants of a country’s ability to attract foreign investment in developed countries, while the governance environment is the key consideration in emerging markets. Regarding the mode of foreign investment, the authors find that, in developed markets, foreign investors tend to choose direct investment in the countries with more open markets. In emerging markets, however, the choice between direct and indirect (portfolio) investments is mainly driven by arbitrage activities, where investors opt for portfolio investment when the stock market is undervalued. Practical implications First, the findings may aid foreign investors in their strategic choice between emerging vs mature markets based on the governance environment, market openness, capital market development and arbitrage opportunities. Second, the findings may be used to aid governments in prioritizing institutional improvement in market openness, stock market development and policies aimed at balancing different investment channels. Social implications The study may enhance the social understanding on the current debate on the winners and losers of globalization. A main complaint from mature economies is that the emerging economies took their jobs away and, therefore, they should adopt protectionism (which implies closing their own markets) in order to preserve jobs. The study shows that such a reaction may not be in the best interests of the mature economies since they will be able to attract more foreign investment (which implies creating or at least keeping more jobs) if they make their markets more open. Originality/value Existing studies on foreign investment have primarily focused on direct investment. The study examines both the direct and indirect investments and the way in which they affect the foreign investment markets in emerging and mature economies. From the institutional perspective, the authors show how the governance environment and market factors affect foreign investors’ strategic choice between direct and indirect investment, contingent upon the stage of a country’s economic and institutional development.
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Brava, Feim. "IMPORTANCE OF FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTS (FDI) IN KOSOVO AND CREATION OF FAVORABLE POLICIES IN ATTRACTING THEM". Knowledge International Journal 30, n. 6 (20 marzo 2019): 1607–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.35120/kij30061607b.
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Domestic investments are essential to develop of each country, but sometimes insufficient, in most countries that aim for sustainable and long-term growth. Hence, most countries, and Kosovo, have a continuing need for additional capital, which, with adequate institutional policies, can be provided through Foreign Direct Investment (FDI).While in developed countries there are debates about and against FDI (especially about the type of FDI when an investment can be made from domestic capital), in underdeveloped and developing countries there is a consensus on the need for FDI to meet the need for investments that can not be realized through local investment.Several emerging countries and Kosovo have made constant efforts to increase these investments but have faced significant problems in attracting foreign investors. Disadvantaged institutional policies, including monopoly policies and fiscal policies, have been one of the limiting factors.This paper aims at analyzing current policies related to attracting FDI and identifying and analyzing institutional policies that are facilitating FDI, but the main focus will be on current and potential policies that can will negatively impact on FDI withdrawal. At the end of the paper, some conclusions will be drawn based on research on the current situation as well as some recommendations on policies that may advance attracting Foreign Direct Investment (FDI).
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S, BINA PANI, PRIYA R e JANNIFER RANI. "A Study on Factors Determining Foreign Institutional Investments in India". Journal of Research on the Lepidoptera 50, n. 1 (25 marzo 2019): 16–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.36872/lepi/v50i1/201052.
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Bouchekourte, Mustapha, e Norelislam El Hami. "Optimization of equity allocations of institutional investors: study of Moroccan case". International Journal for Simulation and Multidisciplinary Design Optimization 13 (2022): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/smdo/2021042.
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Institutional investors normally define the market segments that present more opportunities for profitability based on their commitments, their financial and accounting situations and the regulations that govern the structure of their investments in equities, bonds, real estate and infrastructure. Their investment strategies consist of defining the allocation of their assets after having fixed the proportion to be invested in each segment. We will try through this work to estimate and optimize the parts of assets invested in shares of pension funds, insurance companies and UCITS (Undertakings for Collective Investments in Transferable Securities), according to their degree of integration into the Moroccan economy, weight of their assets in market capitalization and by the heterogeneity that characterizes their investment decisions on the capital market. Panel data are well suited to our analysis in the sense that they allow us to measure the impact of several actions (stimuli), alone or simultaneously, and the synergies (interactions) of data, which are numerous on investors and on market indicators on the financial market. The results obtained illustrate that the weight of equity investments in portfolios under management of institutional investors are impacted by the share of investors' equity portfolio in market capitalization and by the total assets of this category of investors compared to Morocco's GDP (Gross domestic product).
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Yukhumenko, P., S. Batazhok S., T. Prikhodko e V. Zubchenko. "Institutional support for building the investment potential of united communities in rural areas". Ekonomìka ta upravlìnnâ APK, n. 1 (155) (21 maggio 2020): 149–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.33245/2310-9262-2020-155-1-149-156.
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The purpose of this article is to deepen the theoretical foundations and scientifcally substantiate approaches to the formation in the conditions of open economy of a perfect investment institutional environment of rural areas. The article has used systematic and evolutionary approaches requiring a hierarchy of essential understanding of a perfect institutional environment and provide a whole research with an identifcation of various characteristics, direct and feedback relationships and dependencies that arise in the implementation of rural investment policy in Ukraine. The essence of the study is to determine the impact of the level of institutional environment perfection of investment attractiveness of rural areas in Ukraine. The practical content has been determined by the fact that theoretical and methodological bases, conclusions, scientifc and practical recommendations form the scientifc basis for the development of a new and a whole concept of national investment policy development at the regional level in Ukraine, taking into account the integration and world economic globalization processes. It has been substantiated that the institutional component is an important component of investment attractiveness for rural areas except an economic one. Research has proved that the formation of a perfect investment institutional environment changes the basic principles of economic interactions, makes them equally attainable for all participants of investment projects, gives the opportunity to reconcile the interests of the entities of the formal and informal sectors and provide them with motivational incentives for innovation-oriented and environmentally responsible country. It has been concluded that the ability of a perfect institutional investment environment to direct an investment potential to the improving of well-being, innovations and investing in people requires the state to determine these tasks as critical of economic growth of rural areas in order to increase the inhabitants’ wealth. It has been substantiated than investment regional policy should be organically integrated in a new institutional environment with inclusive economic and political institutions and should be an accountable and transparent one in governance system. Key words: investments, institutes, institutional environment, region, investment resources, direct investments, entrepreneurship, investment policy.
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Lantushenko, Viktoriya, e Edward Nelling. "Institutional Ownership Volatility and Investment Behavior of REITs". International Real Estate Review 25, n. 2 (30 giugno 2022): 161–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.53383/100339.
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We find that the volatility of institutional ownership affects the investment behavior of real estate investment trust (REIT) managers. REITs exhibit stronger growth in real estate assets when they experience more volatility in institutional ownership. Debt is the likely source of financing these investments, whereas institutional ownership volatility does not explain for the equity issuance decisions of REITs. The effect of ownership dynamics on the investment decisions of REITs is mostly driven by institutions that hold highly diversified portfolios, which are classified as quasi-indexers and transient investors. The contribution of ownership volatility emerging from individual trading decisions of institutional stakeholders matters more than the ownership volatility of the institutional sector as a whole. Our findings suggest that REITs may cater their portfolios to the preferences of certain institutional investors.
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Kukosh, M. S. "INSTITUTIONAL BASIS FOR THE FORMATION OF THE REGION�S INVESTMENT POTENTIAL". Economic innovations 19, n. 1(63) (24 aprile 2017): 110–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.31520/ei.2017.19.1(63).110-115.
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The article considers the institutional framework for the formation of the country and the region investment potential. The state and prospects of Ukrainian legislation in the field of investment, as well as the organization of attraction and support of investments at the state and regional level are investigated. The necessity of systematization of investment legislation of Ukraine, the outcome of which should be the adoption of the Investment Code. It is also grounded that the process of attracting and supporting investments, namely the creation of a separate body for which it would be assigned the task of promoting foreign investment both at the state and at the regional level, also needs to be improved. It is determined that the necessary conditions for increasing the investment activity of domestic enterprises at the state level are the formation and implementation of a well-balanced investment policy, ensuring favorable business climate in the country, development of investment and infrastructure provision of investment processes, etc. At the level of regions and certain sectors of the economy, the development and implementation of regional and sectoral investment development programs should contribute to the effective implementation of investment activities. It is expedient to create a special body that would engage in investment and support of investment projects at the state level, and also had its representative offices in all regions of Ukraine, which would be engaged in supporting local investment projects. This will enable the creation of an effective regional policy, the formation of investment attractiveness, and, thus, to ensure the receipt of investment resources.
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Kreander, Niklas, Ken McPhail e Vivien Beattie. "Charity ethical investments in Norway and the UK". Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal 28, n. 4 (18 maggio 2015): 581–617. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aaaj-09-2012-1113.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore whether, how and why ethical investment practices of charities differ between two countries with quite different ideological and institutional frameworks – Norway and the UK. Design/methodology/approach – The paper uses mixed methods and a cross-sectional field study design to explore the ethical investment practices of 300 of the largest charities by investments in the UK and Norway. Practices are theorized using the dual lens of institutional theory and social origins theory. Findings – The paper provides evidence on why charities established the practice of ethical investment. The results show that large charities were more likely to have an ethical policy; that charities with moderate public sector funding were more likely to have an ethical policy. In line with institutional theory some Norwegian charities with public sector funding mimic the policy of the Government Pension Fund, and the ethical investment policy of Norwegian charities was more influenced by donors. Institutional entrepreneurs (charity founders) had a more prominent influence in UK charities. Research limitations/implications – The paper highlights that more research is needed on sovereign wealth funds, their investment practices and how they affect charities. Practical implications – The findings of this paper highlight the potential role that the ethical investment practices of sovereign can play a soft regulatory function in changing the behaviour of other investors. Social implications – To the extent that ethical investment practices are construed as having a positive social impact, then this study shows how a government sovereign wealth fund can influence the spread of ethical investment practices. Originality/value – This paper, which sits at the nexus of the charity and corporate social responsibility (CSR) literatures, contributes by responding to calls for more research on charity practices in different countries and CSR practices in different countries. This comparison also contributes to the development of institutional theory by shedding light on the institutional influence of a sovereign wealth fund and its impact on others. The paper will be of value to academics, policy setters and regulators.
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Hess, Robert, e Youguo Liang. "Some Structural Attributes of Institutional Office Investments". Journal of Real Estate Portfolio Management 9, n. 1 (1 gennaio 2003): 59–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10835547.2003.12089676.
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Mishra, Sh, A. M. Zobov e E. A. Fedorenko. "Evaluation of institutional grounding for Russian investments to basic industries of Nepal". Russian Journal of Industrial Economics 12, n. 4 (3 gennaio 2020): 455–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/2072-1633-2019-4-455-465.
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This article is developed to understand the Russian investment in Nepal. Since these days due to the western section it is necessary for Russia to expand its economic relations to others continent and Asia is a best part to expand its investment. As there are some countries already tie with Russia in economic connection from South Asia like India, Pakistan but with Nepal and Russia had more on diplomatic relation. Thus it is very good choice to look and increase for economic relation for Russia with Nepal. The author has highlighted institution determinant of Foreign Direct Investments (FDI) to attract investment in Nepal because these days the political stability has become better in Nepal. The author also found the industries to invest in Nepal for Russia however there are some investment existed already by Russia. The author has recommended to the investors to invest in some specific industries without any hesitation as Nepal is facilitation for investment attraction and also its institution condition is becoming better.
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Sichel, Robert L., William P. Wade, Ruth E. Delaney, Kristina M. Zanotti e Michael McGrath. "Private equity in 401(K) plans – a trillion dollar opportunity?" Journal of Investment Compliance 21, n. 2/3 (3 dicembre 2020): 85–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/joic-07-2020-0008.
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Purpose To explain recent regulatory guidance for different types of stakeholders, including asset managers, fund complexes, and institutional investors. Design/methodology/approach Summary of recent regulatory guidance and explanation for different types of stakeholders, including asset managers, fund complexes, and institutional investors. Findings While the U.S. Department of Labor’s (DOL’s) letter does not open the door to direct access to Private Market Investments by 401(k) plan participants, it does provide a framework for the expanded use of private equity and, we believe, other types of Private Market Investments in managed asset allocation funds such as target date funds. Originality/value Practical guidance from experienced asset management and investment funds and ERISA lawyers.
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Petrov, Alexander, Maria Baynova e Jialihasi Jiaerheng. "Features of Russian and Chinese Direct Investments in Kazakhstan". Spatial Economics 18, n. 1 (2022): 148–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.14530/se.2022.1.148-167.
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The purpose of the article is to analyze the results of current theoretical and empirical studies of the socio-institutional environment of Russian and Chinese direct investments in Kazakhstan. One of the features of foreign direct investment is the fact that foreign investor companies are always forced to adapt as effectively as possible to the socio-institutional environment of the country where they invest funds. Foreign direct investment is an important factor in the modernization of production and economic development, can contribute to the growth of employment and income of the population. In fact, they show how much foreign investors trust the economy of a particular country, and for Kazakhstan it is also an important indicator of the role of Russia and China in its modern economic development. The results of modern investment research allow us to conclude that there is increasing competition between Russia and China in the promotion and implementation of investment projects in Central Asia and Kazakhstan. However, the success of these projects depends not only on the effectiveness of the efforts of governments and corporations aimed at promoting them in the region as a whole, but also on how these investments are perceived by the Kazakh society. The article analyzes the different points of view of modern Kazakh, Russian, Chinese and Western researchers analyzing the specifics of the relationship between society and business with the state in the globalizing economy of Kazakhstan, economic and historical factors, socio-institutional aspects of reducing compliance risks and features of labor organization that determine the stability and sustainability of economic development
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Chodkowska-Miszczuk, Justyna. "Institutional Support for Biogas Enterprises – The Local Perspective". Quaestiones Geographicae 38, n. 2 (13 maggio 2019): 137–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/quageo-2019-0018.
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Abstract Institutional support, reflected not only in legislative solutions, but also in external funding as a means of financial support, is of strategic importance for the success of new power investments, the guarantee of energy security of individual areas, and the socio-economic development of the region where new energy enterprises are located. The present study aims to follow the external funding of biogas investments carried out in Poland, both in the aspect of legal regulations, and the offered co-financing of biogas projects. Considering that biogas enterprises are located and operate in specific places and local systems, the present research problem is tackled from the perspective of the functioning of biogas plants in the local environment. The success of biogas projects and the entire energy transformation process depends, on the one hand, on the harmonisation of activities at the central, national level and, on the other hand, on taking into account the specific socio-economic features that characterise the location of the biogas plant. Therefore, providing comprehensive institutional support for investment for biogas enterprises requires equipping local institutions, including local authorities, with appropriate instruments to shape and monitor the agricultural biogas market at the local level.
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Sayed, Ariba Atique, e Prof Gaurav Petkar. "An Exploratory Study on Variables Impacting Investments in India with Reference to Theories of Investments (2010-2020)". Technoarete Journal on Accounting and Finance 2, n. 4 (13 luglio 2022): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.36647/tjaf/02.04.a001.
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Theories of Investments deciphers and ruminates the mechanism and accelerator of investments in the economy and a firm. To study the theories of investments is an integral part of finance and economic ecosystem due to augmenting vitality of investments. All the growth and development activity depend on the monetary infusion in the system which can be pooled through large scale investments. The desideratum to study theories of investments to articulate the existing variables affecting investment patterns in the economy (India:2010-2020) alongside to explore the uncharted variables existing in the ecosystem has become variably imperative. The branch of macroeconomics is diverse and vast to incorporate add on variables to existing theories to develop a new dynamic and advanced model for a fundamental concept like investments. Monetary policy by the central bank is targeted at inflation but inflation is also a pivotal variable of investments and monetary policy do affect the investment patterns in the country, as it is a determinant factor for the raging and dropping interest rates, open market operations, money (cash or digital) flow in the economy. Hence a regression analysis on the variables discovered at macro level will ruminate the dynamics of investments in the millennial age. Keywords: Theories of Investments, Inflation, Foreign Direct Investment, Foreign Institutional Investors, Gross Domestic Product, Gross Domestic Savings, Gross Fixed Capital Formation and Regression Analysis.
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Laiko, Oleksandr, e Borys Burkynskyi. "METHODOLOGY OF INVESTMENT SYSTEM RESEARCH IN THE ASPECT OF UNPRODUCTIVE CAPITAL OUTFLOW: EXAMPLE OF UKRAINE AND INTERNATIONAL DIMENSION". Baltic Journal of Economic Studies 7, n. 1 (22 gennaio 2021): 57–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/2256-0742/2021-7-1-57-68.
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The relevance of the topic of development of theoretical and methodological approaches to investment system regulation under influence of unproductive capital outflow is justified by significance of financial capital movements from groups of countries to others, caused by inappropriate institutional support for strategic investments. Aim of the proposed research is the development of methodological approaches to study and regulation of investment system development that allow to provide analysis of actual modern tendencies of investment system development, to estimate the influence of capital outflow on financial provision of investment process and to design regulating framework for shortening of unproductive financial capital outflow. The work is dedicated to research of theoretical, methodological and applicable basis of investment system development regulation in aspect of reducing of unproductive financial capital outflow with calculation of possible effect from involvement of reduced volumes of capital outflow into investment process. The research methodology, which is based on sustainable development and principle of balance of the stakeholders’ interests, includes approaches of system, theoretical and empirical analysis that allows us to identify the sense and structure of investment system in a sample of Ukraine and other 11 countries. Due to the statistical and econometric methods the estimation of the dynamics and regularities of capital investments are explored and the role of financial capital outflow in economic development of the country is estimated as percentage of GDP and as potential implicit resource that can be involved in investment process. The authors propose the methodology of investment system research and regulating from positions of institutional support embittering for renewal of invested capital and for attraction of new strategic investors. The provided systematization of theoretical positions in the sphere of investments and capital migration allows to obtain the definition of sense of investment system, to discover the regularities of its development and to identify the phenomenon of unproductive outflow of financial capital. It is found that the main criteria of unproductivity of capital outflow is excess of losses and expenses for national economy, caused by such migration of resources, under possible benefits. Conclusion. The hypothesis of existence of direct positive dependence of unproductive outflow of financial capital from growth of the national economic is proved in a sample of Ukraine due to the use of empirical statistical study method. It is identified that the key factor that provokes capital outflow is inappropriate institutional support for strategic investments. The proposed model of estimation of correlation between capital investments and value added allows to calculate the possible economic, social, and budgetary effect from involving into economy of Ukraine investments saved from outflow, that can result in more than 22.6 bln USD of value added growth.
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Liu, Ziyu. "Security Review in the Evolution of Foreign Investment Law with Chinese Characteristics: Part I". Business Law Review 41, Issue 5 (1 ottobre 2020): 172–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/bula2020115.
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When the Foreign Investment Law of China was adopted on 15 March 2019, security review was emphasized as an essential layer governing inward foreign investments, which had evolved from national security concerns embedded at market access review for foreign-invested enterprises (FIEs) and projects, security review for mergers and acquisitions. This article studies the evolution of China’s security review in foreign investment and finds that both changing focuses on identifying national security in China’s socialist market economy and the institutional struggle in certain central ministries addressed by the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) have in fact affected the evolution of security review in the Foreign Investment Law (FIL) with Chinese characteristics. Security review, Foreign Investment Law, institutional struggle, Chinese Communist Party, institutional reform, market access review, mergers and acquisitions, M&A security review, leadership
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Fernández González, Raquel, María Elena Arce Fariña e María Dolores Garza Gil. "Resolving Conflict between Parties and Consequences for Foreign Direct Investment: The Repsol-YPF Case in Argentina". Sustainability 11, n. 21 (29 ottobre 2019): 6012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11216012.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In 2012, the Argentine government expropriated 51% of the shares of Yacimientos Petrolíferos Fiscales S.A. (YPF) from the Spanish company Repsol S.A. The YPF was nationalized without prior compensation, violating Argentina’s own laws and, consequently, the institutional framework in force in the country. As a consequence, the country’s reputation deteriorated and, although there were several contacts with multinational enterprises to become YPF’s new partner, the investment climate was affected, making it really difficult to attract Foreign Direct Investment (FDI). In order to attract these investments after the expropriation, the Argentine government understands that it is necessary to settle the legal proceedings with Repsol. In order to avoid an imperfect judicial procedure of long duration and with high transaction costs, both parties reached a settlement agreement. This paper presents an institutional economic analysis of expropriation, contextualizing it within the Argentine institutional framework and studying the trajectory of the nationalization of YPF. In this way, it seeks to contextualize institutionally the Argentine government’s decision and the impact it has had on both the FDI and the credibility of the country’s institutional framework. It also analyzes how the resolution of the conflict occurs through an agreement between the parties that avoids the judicial process, given its high transaction costs.
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Buterin, Vesna. "Institucionalno okruženje i FDI u uvjetima pandemije COVID-19 na primjeru Republike Hrvatske". Oeconomica Jadertina 11, n. 1 (11 giugno 2021): 51–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.15291/oec.3387.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The COVID-19 virus pandemic caused unprecedented changes in the behaviour of individuals and economic entities, which then led to a slowdown in economic growth in almost all countries and to a real threat of economic crises whose duration and manifestations will depend on the characteristics and performance of individual national economies. The unpredictability and consequent uncertainty of future economic parameters lead to a restraint and reduction of investments, both domestic and foreign, which in turn has the effect of further reducing growth rates. Experience has shown that countries with a higher level of institutional development managed to overcome economic crises faster and more efficiently, while in countries with poor institutions the crises lasted longer and had the characteristics of sustainability. In recent decades, Croatia has been experiencing institutional stagnation, which has reflected an economic lag behind former transition countries in a number of economic areas, including attracting quality foreign direct investment. On the other hand, due to their specificities, times of crisis are suitable for implementing institutional changes and for accelerated institutional development. The author explores the level of institutional development in Croatia and the possibilities of accelerating institutional growth in the context of future attraction of foreign investments and effects on future economic growth.
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Gharbi, Sami, e Hidaya Othmani. "Which institutional investors encourage R&D investments". International Journal of Management and Enterprise Development 21, n. 3 (2022): 241. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijmed.2022.125779.
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Othmani, Hidaya, e Sami Gharbi. "Which institutional investors encourage R&D investments". International Journal of Management and Enterprise Development 21, n. 1 (2022): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijmed.2022.10045011.
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Behera, Harendra Kumar. "Spillover effects of foreign institutional investments in India". International Journal of Bonds and Derivatives 3, n. 2 (2017): 132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijbd.2017.084922.
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Behera, Harendra Kumar. "Spillover effects of foreign institutional investments in India". International Journal of Bonds and Derivatives 3, n. 2 (2017): 132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijbd.2017.10005911.
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Carstens, Riëtte, e Julia Freybote. "Tone in REIT financial statements and institutional investments". Journal of Property Research 36, n. 3 (3 luglio 2019): 227–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09599916.2019.1650802.
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Hayat, Arshad. "Foreign direct investments, institutional quality, and economic growth". Journal of International Trade & Economic Development 28, n. 5 (2 gennaio 2019): 561–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09638199.2018.1564064.
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Kallunki, Juha-Pekka, Pasi Karjalainen e Minna Martikainen. "Investments in Human Capital in Different Institutional Environments". Advances in International Accounting 18 (gennaio 2005): 121–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0897-3660(05)18006-4.
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Karakas, Leyla D. "Institutional constraints and the inefficiency in public investments". Journal of Public Economics 152 (agosto 2017): 93–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2017.06.007.
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Freybote, Julia, e Philip A. Seagraves. "Heterogeneous Investor Sentiment and Institutional Real Estate Investments". Real Estate Economics 45, n. 1 (20 gennaio 2016): 154–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1540-6229.12132.
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DeFond, Mark, Xinzi Gao, Oliver Zhen Li e Lijun Xia. "IFRS adoption in China and foreign institutional investments". China Journal of Accounting Research 12, n. 1 (marzo 2019): 1–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cjar.2018.07.006.
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Jenkins, David S., e Uma Velury. "The effect of institutional ownership on the informativeness of discretionary accruals". Corporate Ownership and Control 6, n. 1-2 (2008): 286–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv6i1c2p5.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
We examine whether the pricing of discretionary accruals is associated with the level of institutional ownership. We posit that if institutional investors monitor their investment actively, then managers would be discouraged from using the discretion in U.S. GAAP to manage earnings and would be encouraged to convey private information which would translate into greater information content. As a sensitivity test, we also examine the relation between discretionary earnings and future earnings. We find that this association is positively related to the level of institutional ownership. Our results collectively support the notion that institutional investors actively monitor their investments and encourage managers to report informative accruals.
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Biryukov, E. S. "INVESTMENT STRATEGIES OF INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS: SOVEREIGN WEALTH FUNDS VS ENDOWMENTS". MGIMO Review of International Relations, n. 6(33) (28 dicembre 2013): 117–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2013-6-33-117-126.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The paper considers two main original approaches to investing the assets of institutional investors (the total amount of their assets in the world is about 100 trillion dollars) – the one of Norway's sovereign wealth fund Global and approach of Yale's endowment fund. Fund Global with assets of $ 716 billion dollars is the largest institutional investor in the world, its strategy is based on the assumption that markets are efficient and their long-term growth lies in the balance of investment in stocks , bonds, and , since more recent time - in real estate. Financiers of Yale in the 1990s revolutionized the approach to investment, firstly, by reducing the proportion of stocks and bonds in favor of private equity and real estate, and secondly , by shift from investments in the domestic market to foreign markets. Not all institutional investors are ready to follow these strategies because of the risk of negative returns in times of crises, but in the medium- and long-term, these approaches allow to beat inflation. For example, Yale's endowment has grown since 1985 to 2012 from 1.6 to 19 billion dollars, and high yield allows to transmit 1 billion dollars (!) to the budget of the university annually. Endowment funds are one of the key sources of revenues of leading American universities. Analysis of the investment policy of endowment funds and sovereign wealth funds shows that fundamental changes in the concept of investing began to occur since the late 1980s - early 1990s . Institutional investors of both these types ceased to focus on conservative instruments - bonds and deposits , and use other options: Global - stocks , Yale – private equity , hedge funds, real estate investments , etc. With the expand of the spectrum of instruments in which the funds are invested the income volatility increases either, and therefore the institutional investors should be both transparent and explain to the public the motives of investment strategy changes.
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Caulfield, Jon P. "A Fund-Based Timberland Investment Performance Measure and Implications for Asset Allocation". Southern Journal of Applied Forestry 22, n. 3 (1 agosto 1998): 143–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sjaf/22.3.143.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract Timberland investment management companies and institutional investors use indexes to calculate the performance of timberland investments. Most indexes are based on hypothetical timberland properties. The Timberland Performance Index (TPI), a fund-based performance measure, provides composite returns for actual, institutionally owned timberlands. The TPI has several desirable attributes: it uses publicly available data from real properties, is weighted by asset value, has a sufficiently long historical record that meaningful comparisons can be made with other assets, and can be updated quarterly. The TPI is employed to demonstrate how adding timberland to a portfolio influences risk-return relationships for institutional portfolios. For the 1981-1996 period it is found that adding timberland tends to enhance returns for given levels of risk. This is consistent with previous research, which employed hypothetical timberland indexes for this purpose. South. J. Appl. For. 22(3):143-147.
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Cao, Qilong, Meng Ju, Jinglei Li e Changbao Zhong. "Managerial Myopia and Long-Term Investment: Evidence from China". Sustainability 15, n. 1 (30 dicembre 2022): 708. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15010708.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
A corporation’s ability to uphold valuable long-term investments is a critical component of the business’s sustainability. Combining the views of the upper echelons theory and agency theory, this study argues that myopic managerial behavior is detrimental to a firm’s long-term investment. We construct an indicator assessing managerial myopia based on the textual analysis approach. The moderating effect analysis suggested that the negative impact of managerial myopia on long-term investments is lessened with an increase in institutional investor ownership and analyst coverage. In addition, we found that managerial myopia negatively correlates with capital expenditures and R&D investments. Furthermore, the cross-sectional analysis suggested that the correlation between managerial myopia and long-term investment is stronger among firms with higher industry competition, poor performance levels, and in non-state-owned enterprises.
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Dr.M.Anbukarasi, Dr M. Anbukarasi. "A Methodological Analysis On Impact Of Institutional Investments On Bse Sensex Return". Indian Journal of Applied Research 3, n. 11 (1 ottobre 2011): 67–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/2249555x/nov2013/21.
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Shim, Eui Sup, e Dong Hyeock Lim. "Analysis on Determinants of Real Estate Equity Investment among Alternative Investments in Financial Institutions". Korean Association Of Public Policy 28, n. 1 (30 maggio 2022): 55–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.31307/kjpp.2022.28.1.55.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Interest rates, which have continued to fall since the 2008 financial crisis, have recently fallen to 0.5% of the Bank of Korea's benchmark interest rate, entering an ultra-low interest rate era. Investors in financial institutions are paying attention to alternative investment assets to cope with the weakening profitability of their investments, as it is difficult to expect profitability from bonds and stocks, which are traditional investment assets. Among them, real estate investment has steadily become an essential factor in institutional investors' portfolios, as real estate investments can be guaranteed high returns depending on location and supply and demand conditions, but are relatively less affected by financial market trends. In particular, financial institutions, which are actively expanding alternative investments due to falling operating returns due to the worsening economy, are focusing on profitable real estate equity investments. However, despite the growing demand for real estate Equity investment by financial institutions, there are few specific investment criteria for which investment impact factors are determined, in the case of domestic real estate investment decision-makers, few have focused on investment. The objective of this study is to empirically analyze and identify the investment impact factors on the investment satisfaction and willingness of financial institutions in the real estate equity investment market, and to specifically analyze the differences in the types of investment impact factors. This study first examined the preceding research to derive the influences of real estate equity investment, and conducted a survey on investors from financial institutions. In addition, investor characteristics used descriptive statistical analysis, and factor analysis was conducted to verify the validity of the survey variables. Based on this, a regression analysis was conducted to test the hypothesis, and additionally a descriptive statistical analysis was used to analyze differences in the importance of investment impact factors depending on the type of financial institution. The results of the study are summarized as follows. First, as a result of hypothesis tests on investment impact factors and investment satisfaction for investors in financial institutions, location characteristics, profitability, and stability were adopted, and location characteristics were the factors that affected investment satisfaction the most. A hypothesis test of investment impact factors and willingness to reinvest in financial institutions showed that profitability and stability had a positive impact on the willingness to reinvest. Second, after analyzing the difference in importance of investment impact factors according to the type of financial institution, bank investors value stability and capital investors value timeliness the most among the investment impact factors. Investor in insurance companies put the most importance on profitability. Overall, investors in financial institutions participating in real estate equity investments demonstrate similar relationships between investment impact factors, investment satisfaction, and reinvestment intentions, and empirically analyzed that there are also differences in investment impact factors. These findings suggest that in financial institutional investment markets, financial institutional investors make decisions based on profitability, stability and location characteristics, but consider differences in investment propensity for financial institutions.
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Hutchings, P., M. Johns, D. Jornet, C. Scott e Z. Van den Bossche. "A systematic assessment of the pro-poor reach of development bank investments in urban sanitation". Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development 8, n. 3 (16 aprile 2018): 402–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2018.147.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract This paper presents an assessment of development banks’ investment in urban sanitation between 2010 and 2017. It reveals an overall increase in investment, yet this falls short of bridging the significant financing gap in the sector. The paper also assesses the major areas of investment to show that, on the infrastructure side, 20 times more money is invested in sewerage than faecal sludge management, while on the enabling environment side, institutional capacity building is the most financed area. Using a new pro-poor assessment tool, an appraisal was made of the extent to which the investments were pro-poor. This analysis indicates that over half of investments, where an assessment could be made, were considered to be pro-poor, yet the use of the assessment tool reflects a lack of information within development bank reporting on the pro-poor nature of investments. Going forward, improving how development banks report on the pro-poor character of their investments would be a useful step for helping the sector assess the effectiveness of investments. The paper concludes by arguing that, despite progress, development banks should be even more ambitious in seeking to support pro-poor urban sanitation investments if the world is to overcome the urban sanitation challenge.
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Jaiswal, Anindita. "Taxation of Foreign Institutional Investors in India: The Hanging Fire". Intertax 41, Issue 5 (1 maggio 2013): 319–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/taxi2013028.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Foreign Institutional Investors (FIIs) have always remained influential players in India's investment market. However, India's tax regime in respect of FIIs has constantly undergone turbulent phases. To start with, the controversy pertained to classification of FII income under the income heads of business income versus capital gains, which classification was critical considering its tax chargeability and tax rate implications under India's direct tax laws. While this debate appears to have been put at rest by the 2008 ruling in LG Asian Plus Ltd. v. ACIT, uncertainties for FIIs in the context of non-resident taxation in India followed. The first limb of this uncertainty is found in the proposed General Anti-Avoidance Rules (GAAR) which seeks to implement the 'commercial substance' test if the Indian tax authorities believe that the transaction was undertaken only to avoid taxes or lacked commercial substance. This is proposed to apply notwithstanding that the transaction was routed through a tax friendly jurisdiction, and as per India's tax treaty with such jurisdiction, no tax liability arises in India. While effectuating of GAAR has been pushed back to 2016, the retrospective amendments of 2012 undertaken in India's Income Tax Act, 1961, pursuant to the Vodafone ruling by India's apex court, has brought FII taxation under radar. The amendment, which adopted the 'look through' approach against the 'look at' approach, may expose investors/P-Note Holders behind the FIIs to taxation in India, notwithstanding that the FII may be located in jurisdiction like Mauritius, with whom India has a favourable tax treaty. Also, as no time limit is prescribed for retrospective application of the amendment, the whip will keep hanging on FII investments time immemorial. Expert committees have been set up to scrutinize and settle these tax controversies and to create conducive tax environment for foreign investors in India, which is of utmost significance both, from an investment and economic standpoint. However, with the foregoing retrospective amendment in effect, it is to be seen how Indian authorities pacify FIIs from drawing out their investments from India amidst the tax qualms and mitigate the uncertainties and associated risks. This article discusses India's FII tax regime in light of the foregoing controversies, the prevailing uncertainties and challenges, their impact on FII investments in India, and India's consequent exposure to potential actions under bilateral investment treaties.
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Huang, Wei, e George J. Jiang. "Big Fish in a Small Pond: Institutional Trading of Penny Stocks". Quarterly Journal of Finance 10, n. 02 (6 marzo 2020): 2050005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010139220500056.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
There has been a steady increase in institutional ownership of penny stocks over the past decades. Nevertheless, we show that penny stocks bought by institutional investors significantly underperform other penny stocks in subsequent four quarters. This poor performance is mainly driven by quasi-indexers, i.e., institutions with passive and widely diversified investment strategies. In comparison, dedicated institutions, i.e., those with low turnover but large average investments in portfolio firms and a commitment to “relationship investing”, have marginally significant ability in trading penny stocks.
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Koren, Andrey V., e Valentina A. Vodopyanova. "Approaches to enhance the investment attractiveness of multinational organizations". Revista de Investigaciones Universidad del Quindío 34, S3 (9 novembre 2022): 215–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.33975/riuq.vol34ns3.961.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Contemporary research on investment attraction procedures has tremendous significance. Generally, the actions of economic flow at the global rate are defined by the attractiveness of investment notion. A specific principle in absorbing and investments placement is allotted to multinational organizations, which hold the biggest effect on the global financial resources’ movement. The primary objective of the study is a deep investigation and assessment of approaches dedicated to raising investment and appealing to multinational organizations. The basic analysis laws for organizations in relation to the evaluation of their attractiveness of investment are taken into account. The study analyses the features of research of private and institutional investors with the biggest transnational organizations. The study also evaluates the arenas for investments as an element of investments’ appeal. Analysis of data shows a continuous fall in the relation between its indexes and the investment attractiveness of the 50 biggest organizations worldwide. It can be inferred that securities repurchase, industry examination, and diversifying organization activities may be deemed as the most efficient approach to raise the lasting attractiveness of investment in organizations.
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Makoni, Patricia Lindelwa. "FDI, Stock Market Development and Institutional Quality: An African Perspective". International Journal of Financial Research 12, n. 5 (10 giugno 2021): 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/ijfr.v12n5p141.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This paper empirically sought to establish the existence of relationships between foreign direct investment, stock market development and institutional quality, respectively. The study adopted a multiple regression analysis, using a panel of nine African countries between 2009 and 2016. Using the random effects model, we find that the relationship between foreign direct investment and stock market development is positive and statistically significant. On the other hand, institutional quality reflected a negative effect on FDI inflows, implying that countries with low quality institutions would struggle to attract inward FDI. The policy implications are that host countries’ policy makers should eliminate or reduce any practices that deter foreign direct investments, such as capital controls and risk of expropriation (institutions), while simultaneously improving the domestic financial infrastructure and related regulations.
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Warren, Liz, Martin Quinn e Gerhard Kristandl. "Investments in power generation in Great Britain c.1960-2010". Qualitative Research in Accounting & Management 15, n. 1 (16 aprile 2018): 53–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/qram-01-2016-0002.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Purpose This paper aims to explore the increasing role of financialisation on investment decisions in the power generation industry in Great Britain (GB). Such decisions affect society, and the relative role of financialisation in these macro-levels decisions has not been explored from a historical perspective. Design/methodology/approach The paper draws on historical material and interview data. Specifically, we use an approach inspired by institutional sociology drawing on elements of Scott’s (2014) pillars of institutions. Applying concepts stemming from regulative and normative pressures, we explore changes in investments over the analysis period to determine forces which institutionalised practices – such as accounting – into investment in power generation. Findings Investments in electricity generation have different levels of public and private participation. However, the common logics that underpin such investment practices provide an important understanding of political-economics and institutional change in the UK. Thus, the heightened use of accounting in investment has been, to some extent, a contributory factor to the power supply problems now faced by the British public. Originality/value This paper contributes to prior literature on the effects of financialisation on society, adding power generation/energy supply to the many societal level issues already explored. It also provides brief but unique insights into the changing nature of the role of accounting in an industry sector over an extended timeframe.