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Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Innovation – Histoire"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 31 agosto 2024

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Innovation – Histoire"

Boutan, Pierre, e Thierry Duclerc. "Histoire, Éducation, Innovation". Tréma, n. 22 (1 settembre 2003): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/trema.1513.

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Ménissier, Thierry. "Innovation et Histoire. Une critique philosophique". Quaderni, n. 91 (5 ottobre 2016): 47–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/quaderni.1009.

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Bibard, Laurent. "Histoire d'une innovation: le cas d'un médicament". Revue économique 42, n. 2 (1991): 273–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/reco.1991.409278.

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Rapini, Andrea. "La Vespa : histoire sociale d'une innovation industrielle". Actes de la recherche en sciences sociales 169, n. 4 (2007): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/arss.169.0072.

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Bibard, Laurent. "Histoire d'une innovation Le cas d'un médicament". Revue économique 42, n. 2 (marzo 1991): 273. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3502007.

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Bibard, Laurent. "Histoire d'une innovation: le cas d'un médicament". Revue économique 42, n. 2 (1 marzo 1991): 273–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/reco.p1991.42n2.0273.

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Diéras, Véronique, Fanny Le Du e Jean-Yves Pierga. "Histoire et innovation : chimiothérapie néoadjuvante des cancers du sein". Innovations & Thérapeutiques en Oncologie 10, n. 2 (1 marzo 2024): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1684/ito.2024.434.

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Bourgois, Jean-François, e Frédéric Jallat. "Histoire d’une innovation de service reussie : le lancement de Formule 1". Décisions Marketing N° 2, n. 2 (1 giugno 1994): 31–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/dm.02.0031.

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Comment la genèse d’un concept révolutionnaire a-t-elle permis la création d’un nouveau marché en développement rapide ? Jean-François Bourgois, interviewé par Frédéric Jallat, retrace l’histoire d’une innovation de service réussie, avec ses dimensions humaines, marketing et techniques, en mettant l’accent sur les étapes traversées dans le processus d’innovation. La réussite d’une innovation de service dépend de la nature de l’environnement concurrentiel, des compétences marketing de l’entreprise, du niveau d’élaboration du processus de gestion de l’innovation. Cet entretien permet d’éclairer ces aspects avec l’exemple de formule 1 décrit par son co-Président, Jean-François Bourgois .

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Bourgois, Jean-François, e Frédéric Jallat. "Histoire d'une innovation de service réussie - Le lancement de Formule 1". Décisions Marketing 2 (1 maggio 1994): 31–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.7193/dm.002.31-35.

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Leveratto, Jean-Marc. "Le Théâtre du Peuple de Bussang. Histoire et sociologie d'une innovation". Vingtième Siècle. Revue d'histoire 83, n. 1 (2004): 5–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/xxs.2004.4708.

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Più fonti

Tesi sul tema "Innovation – Histoire"

Raster, Tom. "Essays in Historical Political Economy : trade, Innovation, and Forced Labor". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, EHESS, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024EHES0041.

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Cette thèse consiste en un ensemble de trois essais sur le commerce, l'innovation et le travail forcé qui exploitent des expériences naturelles et des micro données inédites en histoire économique.Le chapitre 1 fournit la première preuve causale de l'effet des pionniers individuels — les premiers à établir des liens commerciaux — sur le commerce agrégé. Je collecte des données détaillées sur les 1,4 million de voyages entre les ports de la mer Baltique et le reste du monde de 1500 jusqu'aux années 1850, incluant 47 000 voyages pionniers qui ont connecté deux villes pour la première fois. J'instrumentalise le pionnier au niveau du voyage granulaire avec des rencontres quasi-aléatoires avec des capitaines de nouveaux ports et un réacheminement dû à l'obstruction imprévisible de destinations antérieures par la glace de mer. Je trouve que 10% de la valeur totale du commerce est due aux pionniers. Un seul voyage pionnier augmente les exportations des villes de 25 à 33 % pour les 12 % de liens qui persistent. La survie est plus élevée pour les ports pionniers qui sont plus éloignés du port d'origine ou des partenaires commerciaux existants en termes de kilomètres, de mix de produits, de religion ou de langue. Cependant, les pionniers ont tendance à sélectionner des ports moins éloignés. Par conséquent, les retours sont les plus importants lorsque la glace de mer supprime cette sélection et force les pionniers à expérimenter avec des nouveaux ports. Les retours bénéficient également aux commerçant non-pionniers que soulève des préoccupations concernant l'insuffisance du pionnier ex-ante et souligne l'importance des politiques qui les encouragent en particulier avec des destinations lointaines.Le chapitre 2 étudie un moteur hypothétique majeur de l'entrepreneuriat et de l'innovation : l'admiration des gens d'affaires qui incite les individus à émuler les réalisations de ceux ayant un statut social élevé, les soi-disant Valeurs Bourgeoises. Nous testons cette théorie en concevant une nouvelle mesure des Valeurs Bourgeoises à partir des prénoms dans le recensement américain, que nous trouvons fortement corrélée à l'entrepreneuriat et au revenu. Pour l'identification, nous exploitons les voyages routiers ad hoc de deux éminents exposants publics des valeurs bourgeoises au début du 20e siècle : Henry Ford et Thomas Edison. Edison et Ford ont exposé de manière quasi-exogène différentes localités à des modèles bourgeois éminents lors de plusieurs voyages entre 1918 et 1924. Leurs visites provoquent une augmentation de notre mesure des Valeurs Bourgeoises, qui à son tour augmente le revenu et la fréquence de l'entrepreneuriat. Nos découvertes suggèrent que la culture et les valeurs stimulent l'innovation et que même des chocs modérés aux valeurs culturelles peuvent avoir des effets durables.Le chapitre 3 teste empiriquement le principal déterminant hypothétique de la coercition du travail : la pénurie de main-d'œuvre. J'obtiens une variation quasi-exogène dans la pénurie de main-d'œuvre à partir de la dispersion spatiale immense dans les décès de trois épidémies en Estonie (1605-6, 1657, 1710-2), que je montre être non corrélée à une multitude de caractéristiques locales avant la peste. Pour mesurer l'intensité de la coercition du travail, je collecte à la main des milliers de contrats de travail de serfs, qui capturent les obligations de travail des serfs. Je trouve que la pénurie de main-d'œuvre augmente substantiellement la coercition. En enquêtant sur les mécanismes, je trouve que cet effet est renforcé par l'absence d'options externes et par l'augmentation du pouvoir de monopsone du travail, en ligne avec des prédictions théoriques. En enquêtant sur les conséquences de la coercition, je trouve des effets négatifs sur l'éducation et une augmentation de la migration. Pris ensemble, ces résultats mettent en lumière les conditions sous lesquelles la pénurie de main-d'œuvre augmente la coercition
This thesis is a collection of three essays on trade, innovation, and forced labor that leverage natural experiments and novel microdata in economic history. Chapter 1 provides the first causal evidence of the effect of individual pioneers — first movers on trade links — on aggregate trade. I collect detailed data on all 1.4 million voyages between Baltic Sea ports and the rest of the world from 1500 until the 1850s, including 47,000 pioneering voyages that first connected two towns. I study the effect of pioneering on subsequent trade in a gravity model of yearly port-pair trade and instrument pioneering at the granular voyage level with (i) quasi-random en-route encounters with captains from new ports and (ii) rerouting due to the unpredictable obstruction of previous destinations by sea ice. I find that 10% of the total value of the trade is due to recent pioneering. A single pioneering voyage increases town exports by 25–33% for the 12% links that persist. Survival is higher for pioneered ports that are more distant from the origin port or existing trade partners in terms of kilometers, product mix, religion, or language. However, pioneers tend to select less distant ports. Therefore, returns are greatest when sea ice removes this selection and forces pioneers to experiment with exogenously determined ports. Pioneering spills over onto other traders, reducing the private returns of pioneers. This raises concerns about insufficient ex-ante pioneering and underlines the importance of policies that foster pioneering, particularly with distant destinations. Chapter 2 studies a major hypothesized driver of entrepreneurship and innovation: Admiration of business people and the bourgeoisie that incentivizes individuals to emulate the achievements of those with high social status, the so-called Bourgeois Values (McCloskey, 2010). We test this theory by devising a new measure of bourgeois values from first names in the US census, which we find to be strongly correlated with entrepreneurship and income. For identification, we leverage the ad hoc road trips of two prominent public exponents of bourgeois values in the early 20th century: Henry Ford and Thomas Edison. Referring to themselves as the Vagabonds, Edison and Ford quasi-exogenously exposed different localities to prominent bourgeois role models across several road trips between 1918 and 1924. Visits by the Vagabonds cause an increase in our measure of bourgeois values, which in turn increase income and the frequency of entrepreneurship. Our findings suggest that culture and values drive innovation and that even moderate shocks to cultural values can have lasting effects. Chapter 3 empirically tests the main hypothesized determinant of labor coercion (Domar, 1970): labor scarcity. I obtain quasi-exogenous variation in labor scarcity from immense spatial dispersion in deaths from three plagues in the Baltics (1605-6, 1657, 1710-2), which I show is uncorrelated to a host of local, pre-plague characteristics. To measure the intensity of labor coercion, I hand-collect thousands of serf labor contracts in Estonia, which capture the work obligations of serfs. I find that labor scarcity substantially increases coercion. I find that this effect is enhanced by the lack of outside options and increased labor monopsony power, in line with theoretical models. Investigating the consequences of (labor-scarcity instrumented) coercion, I find negative effects on education and increased migration. Taken together, these findings highlight the conditions under which labor scarcity raises coercion and provide suggestive evidence of why it does not in other cases (e.g., in Western Europe following the Black Death)

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Hamel, Nathalie. "Le costume en Beauce, 1920-1960 : tradition, innovation et régionalisme". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/mq33670.pdf.

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Vida, Raluca Anamaria. "La retraduction : entre fidélité et innovation". Artois, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ARTO0002.

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Le but de cette thèse est de fournir une analyse complexe de la retraduction basée sur un corpus illustratif trilingue. La retraduction, éminemment littéraire, représente toute version d'un original étranger accomplie alors qu'une traduction existe déjà dans une langue-culture-cible. Postuler le caractère doublement second du retraduire- il est postérieur à la fois à l'original et à la/les (re)traduction(s) qui le précèdent- implique une réévaluation du terme de "traduction" en général, qui désignera alors le transfert interlinguistique unique et/ou premier. Le changement de statut ontologique de la traduction par rapport à la retraduction impose l'élaboration de nouveaux termes-concepts, tels "tradusphère" et "phénomène retraductif" à même de circonscrire la temporalisation intrinsèque à toute démarche retraductive, qui a lieu pour l'original et contre les (re)traductions précédentes. Après une réévaluation du domaine traductologique, théories et histoires y comprises, du point de vue de la retraduction, qui y est souvent présente sans y être pourtant traitée en tant que telle (deuxième chapitre), on continue avec l'analyse du phénomène retraductif réalisée grâce au "complexe analytique en réseau". Basé sur des concepts-clés tels la "cause temporelle" et "l'idéologie traductive", qui représente la manière dont le retraducteur innove par rapport à ses devanciers tout en restant fidèle à l'original, à soi-même, à ses lecteurs ou à une idéologie dominante, il nous aide à saisir le fonctionnement des phénomènes retraductifs roumains et anglais de 'Madame Bovary' de Gustave Flaubert et des poésies de Stéphane Mallarmé
The purpose of this thesis is to supply an analysis of retranslation based on a trilingual illustrative corpus. Retranslation, eminently literary, represents any version of a source text carried out when a translation already exists in a target language. Postulating the doubly secondary status of retranslation (it occurs both after the original and after the (re)translation(s) which precede it) implies a revaluation of the term of “translation” in general, which will then represent uniquely the first and/or the only interlinguistic transfer of a givensource-text. The change in the ontological status of translation imposes the elaboration of new terms/concepts, such as “translasphere” and “retranslative phenomenon”, which help us confine the intrinsic temporality present within any retranslational project (1st chapiter). After a revaluation of the domain of translation studies, translation theories and histories of translation included, from the point of view of retranslation, which is often present being nevertheless treated as such (2nd chapiter), we continue with the analysis of the “retranslational phenomenon” proper, realized with the aid of the “network analytical complex”. Bzsed on key-concepts- such “temporal cause” and “ translative ideology”, which represents theway in which the retranslator innovates with regard to his/her predecessors while remaining faithful to the original, to him/herself, to his/her readers or to the dominant ideology, it helps us seize the functional mechanism of the Romanian and the English retranslative phenomena of Gustave flaubert’s Madame Bovary and Stéphane Mallarmé

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Barron, Géraldine. "Entre tradition et innovation : itinéraire d'un marin, Edmond Pâris (1806-1893)". Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCC010.

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Edmond Pâris est célèbre pour ses collections de plans et de modèles de bateaux traditionnels qui le font reconnaître aujourd'hui comme le père de l'ethnographique nautique ; on sait moins qu'il fut un acteur majeur de la révolution maritime du XIXe siècle qui a fait passer en quelques décennies la flotte de guerre de la voile à la vapeur, de la toile à l'hélice et du canon à la torpille. Une poignée d'officiers a joué un rôle déterminant dans l'accompagnement de ce changement : de solides connaissances scientifiques alliées à un goût pour l'expérimentation ont permis à ces marins d'adapter les concepts des ingénieurs aux spécificités de la navigation maritime ; cette phase de transition technique et organisationnelle, qui s'est essentiellement déroulée entre 1830 et 1860, s'est appuyée sur l'étude des processus, la formation des acteurs et l'adaptation des pratiques qui constituent ce que je propose de qualifier de technologie nautique. Pâris a publié un grand nombre d'articles et d'ouvrages qui lui ont ouvert les portes des principales institutions scientifiques et techniques. L'approche biographique permet de rapprocher ses recherches sur la navigation à la vapeur de l'étude de la construction navale extra-européenne menée au cours de trois campagnes lointaines, toutes composantes qui se trouvent au coeur du projet muséographique de Pâris au musée de Marine du Louvre ; elle met en relief l'importance conjointe du voyage et de l'objet technique bateau dans la carrière comme dans la construction de l'identité savante du marin
Edmond Pâris is renowned for his plans and models of traditional boats for which he is now considered as the father of nautical ethnography; but he is less famous as a major actor of the 19th-century maritime revolution: from sail to steam, ironclad, torpedoes. A handful of naval officers were supportive of the innovation, mainly those scientifically minded and keen to experiment new techniques. More important, they were able to adapt engineers' concepts to seafarers' actual needs. This technical and organizational transition phase that took place between 1830 and 1860 was based on the study of processes, seafarers' training and the build-up of new practices. This could be labelled "nautical technology". Pâris wrote a great number of books and articles and joined major scientific and technical institutions. The biographical approach allows to embrace both his work on steam navigation and the survey of extra-European shipbuilding, which he devised as a young man in the course of three round-the-world voyages. Tradition and innovation were the cornerstones of his museographic policy in the Louvre maritime museum. Throughout his 70-year career, Pâris relentlessly focused on naval technology; his expertise led him to scientific recognition

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Costa, Philippe da. "Les scouts de France : une identité entre fidélité et innovation, 1920-1983". Lyon 2, 2001. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2001/dacosta_p.

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A partir de l'analyse de l'évolution des Scouts de France à travers le XXème siècle (1920-1983), cette thèse analyse ce qui constitue l'identité , les finalités et les capacités d'innovation de ce Mouvement. Après l'invention du modèle spécifique du scoutisme catholique les Scouts de France ont mis en pratique des choix éducatifs en prise avec les réalités sociales françaises et fondés sur l'initiative et une réelle capacité d'adaptation. Des origines à la seconde guerre mondiale, les Scouts de France ont précisé leur identité à l'opposé de la culture dominante. Dès la libération, les orientations du Mouvement évoluent, ils vont affirmer peu à peu leur désir de collaborer au développement de la société, notamment à travers la politique jeunesse. A partir d'une période de crise et d'interrogation des années 70, des efforts sont menés pour soutenir le redéploiement du Mouvement et l'évolution du projet éducatif, en particulier en 1981 avec l'accueil des filles et la proclamation de la charte des adultes en 1983. En répondant aux besoins fondamentaux de la personne, le scoutisme développe en particulier une pédagogie du geste, de l'action et de la socialisation (apprendre par l'action). En privilégiant une pédagogie complémentaire du système familial et social, le scoutisme représente une véritable expérience éducative parallèle à l'école et prend appui sur le jeu, le projet, le développement, le partenariat et la participation. Il se manifeste comme un Mouvement sensible aux valeurs, aux finalités fondamentales ; un Mouvement qui se centre sur le développement humain à travers une réflexion sur le sens de la vie.

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Zanetti, François. "L’Électricité médicale dans la France des Lumières : histoire culturelle d’un nouveau remède". Thesis, Paris 10, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA100152.

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À partir des années 1750, l’électricité médicale connait en France et en Europe une vogue tant parmi le monde savant que dans un plus large public. À l’heure de la curiosité et des spectacles de science, la première application du fluide à la mode est thérapeutique et vise à soigner la paralysie. En France, ce n’est pas avant les années 1770 que des médecins s’intéressent à la nouvelle méthode de guérir. Le rôle joué par la nouvelle Société royale de médecine et Pierre Mauduyt de la Varenne est déterminant dans la transformation de l’électricité en un objet médical à proprement parler. Ce processus s’est accompagné de l’exclusion progressive des amateurs et des philosophes naturels du champ de la pratique légitime. Les enjeux de l’incorporation du nouveau médicament à la médecine ne sont pas seulement institutionnels et professionnels. Ils mettent en jeu les représentations culturelles autour desquelles s’articulent les savoirs scientifiques et médicaux, mais aussi les pratiques des malades qui l’utilisent comme un moyen dans le parcours qu’ils construisent en vue de guérir. L’électricité médicale est marquée par un net déclassement social à partir du milieu des années 1780. Elle doit alors permettre de régénérer la Nation et de la remettre au travail. En concentrant notre attention sur un remède particulier, nous soulignons l’articulation entre des domaines trop souvent cloisonnés : histoire des idées médicales, histoire sociale des acteurs, histoire culturelle des représentations et des pratiques, en intégrant pleinement l’histoire de la médecine à l’histoire des Lumières
From the 1750s, Electricity was the object of widespread scientific and popular curiosity across Europe. Its first use was therapeutic and electric sparks have immediately been applied to paralytics. In France, medically-trained physicians did not become interested on the new treatment until the 1770s. The role of the newborn Société royale de médecine and of Pierre Mauduyt de la Varenne was pre-eminent in fashioning electricity as a properly medical tool, thus excluding natural philosophers and amateurs from its legitimate practice. Not only does this process have institutional and professional dimensions but it also deals with cultural representations in the scientific and medical fields of knowledge and with the behaviour and practices of both the patients and practitioners. We underline the authority of the patients in ther organisation of their own treatment and their being active in the medicalisation process. During the 1780s, there is a sharp social shift in the use of medical electricity, which is thereafter targeted towards the urban poor, in order to regenerate the Nation and put them back to work. Focusing on a single therapeutical means allows us to cross traditional boundaries between the history of medical ideas, social history of the patients and practitioners and cultural history of representations thus integrating the history of medicine to the wider field of Enlightenment history

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Ben, Aissa Hazem. "La Démarche sociotechnique chez Renault : histoire, diagnostic et logiques d'évolution". Paris, ENMP, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002ENMP1129.

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Oliva, Jan. "Les réseaux de transports tchécoslovaques dans l'entre-deux-guerres : une approche historique multimodale". Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR30068.

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Entrés dans l’Union européenne en 2004, la République tchèque et la République slovaque restent encore aujourd’hui à cause ou plutôt grâce à leur présence relativement discrète sur la scène internationale mal connus de leurs voisins les plus proches. Cela est aussi dû au déficit d’information lié d’une part à leur jeune histoire et, d’autre part, à la longue période d’isolement suite à la Guerre froide qui avait laissé apparaître et s’enraciner de part et d’autre du « Mur » des images fausses sur la culture et l’identité des peuples.Cette thèse de doctorat est consacrée à la Première République tchécoslovaque (1918-1938), une époque où les peuples tchèque et slovaque expérimentaient ensemble leurs premiers pas sur la scène internationale en tant qu’État indépendant. Elle se place dans la perspective de l’histoire économique contemporaine et s’attache à analyser plus spécialement la mise en place de réseaux de transport qui constituaient l’armature de la nouvelle économie. Leur rôle était éminent dans la mesure où la survie économique de la nouvelle entité politique, bâtie sur les décombres de l’empire austro-hongrois, en dépendait. Aussi, le pays s’était-il lancé dans de vastes programmes d’investissement dans les infrastructures de transport tout en mettant en place des compagnies publiques ou semi-publiques au service de la république. La période étudiée est relativement courte et homogène, avec une vie politique et une activité économique intenses. Ce fut une période de transition. De ce fait, elle présente un intérêt particulier pour l’historien qui examine les spécificités de la politique des transports et les différents concepts et solutions expérimentés (le monopole de transport public, la gestion « commerciale » des entreprises publiques…), adoptés ou rejetés.La thèse tente d’apporter au public francophone quelques éléments de compréhension de cette partie de l’Europe difficile à cerner par l’historiographie occidentale du fait de ses contours géopolitiques qui avaient connu plusieurs modifications majeures au cours du 20e siècle et de la barrière linguistique. Son auteur étant polyglotte, il était possible de mettre à contribution des sources originales et bibliographiques en langues tchèque, slovaque et allemande tout en assurant une rédaction en français conforme aux standards attendus par une thèse de doctorat soutenue en France
Even though they have been in the European Union since 2004, The Czech Republic and Slovakia remain relatively unknown, partly because of their limited presence on the international stage. Other factors are ignorance of their recent history and a long period of isolation during the Cold War, which allowed to appear and take root false ideas about the culture and identity of the people on both sides of the “Wall”.This doctorate thesis is dedicated to the First Czechoslovak republic (1918-1938), a time when the Czech and Slovak people made their first steps as an independent State on the international scene. It is paced under the perspective of contemporary economic history and analysis specifically the transport networks which formed the backbone of the new economy. Their role was essential for the economic survival of the new state, built on the ruins of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. In fact, the state launched a vast program of investment in transport infrastructures and, in parallel, founded a series of public or semi-public transport companies at the service of the republic. The period studied is relatively short and homogeneous, with intense political and economic activity. It was a period of transition. For these reasons it is of particular interest to the historian examining the specificities of public transport policy and the different concepts and solutions (a public transport monopoly, the commercial management of public companies…) adopted or rejectedThe thesis tries to bring to the French speaking world some tools for the comprehension of this part of Europe, difficult to pin down by Western historians because its geopolitical boundaries have seen several major upheavals during the 20th century, and because of the linguistic barrier. Its author is polyglot and has the ability to use original and library sources in Czech, Slovak and German, while writing and editing in French to the standards expected of a French doctorate

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Pehlivanian, Sophie. "Histoire de l'énergie solaire en France : science, technologies et patrimoine d'une filière d'avenir". Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENH023.

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Ce travail tente de dresser une histoire de l'énergie solaire par l'étude de ses patrimoines au sein du territoire national. Par patrimoine, on entend aussi bien les ouvrages mobiliers ou immobiliers, que le patrimoine mémoriel des écrits et des témoignages qui étayent l'histoire scientifique, sociale, économique et politique de cette source d'énergie à travers l'histoire d'un pays entier. Le soleil, qui a toujours fasciné les civilisations, constitue une ressource majeure et inépuisable en termes d'énergie. Son exploitation s'oppose, par essence, à celle des énergies fossiles. Cette thèse s'intéresse à la manière dont les technologies de l'énergie solaire ont été promues selon la situation politique du pays, analyse s'appuyant principalement sur l'état des lieux et l'étude du patrimoine qui y est attaché, lui-même étant souvent lié aux avancées scientifiques que connaît le secteur. Les recherches sur la captation des rayons solaires en vue de produire de la chaleur ou de l'électricité ont connu de très graves périodes de crise, déterminantes pour l'avenir de ce qui a parfois été qualifié de filière industrielle au cours du second vingtième siècle. Les chercheurs français ont alors largement contribué à l'avancée des techniques, à l'échelle mondiale. Au cours des années 1970, les orientations de la politique énergétique française contribuent à modifier l'intérêt d'un pays tout entier pour les technologies solaires. De nombreux nouveaux enjeux incarnent alors les applications de l'énergie solaire devenues objet de communication, et cristallisant des oppositions telles que le combat écologiste. Aujourd'hui, la France se situe largement en retrait par rapport aux autres pays. La recherche solaire française de la seconde moitié du XXe siècle, malgré son importance historique, est très peu représentée dans les rencontres internationales et reste parfaitement méconnue. Ce phénomène questionne sur les orientations que les dirigeants français successifs ont imposées à la filière solaire. L'énergie solaire incarnait-elle, en tant que « filière d'avenir », une utopie ? Était-elle relayée, depuis les débuts de son utilisation scientifique, comme solution ayant une possibilité d'application à l'échelle industrielle ? Cette thèse soulève des questionnements sur les diverses périodes d'engouement qui ont permis d'envisager l'énergie solaire comme une réelle solution énergétique, en tentant d'analyser les typologies des patrimoines qui caractérisent cette source d'énergie, tant dans le grand public que dans les milieux scientifiques
This study attempts to give a History of solar energy, through the studying of his Heritage, in France. In this study, Heritage means both movable and immovable objects, the memorial heritage writings and testimony that support the scientific, social, political and economic source of energy through the history of an entire country. The sun, which has always fascinated civilizations, is a major and inexhaustible resource in terms of energy. This thesis focuses on how the technology of solar energy have been promoted according to the political situation of the country. The analysis is mainly based on the inventory and study of the heritage attached to scientific advances. Researches on capturing sunlight to produce heat or electricity have known very serious times of crisis, crucial to the future of what has sometimes been considered, during the second half of the twentieth century, as an industrial sector. French researchers then contributed to the advancement of technology, worldwide. In 1970, the guidelines of the French energy policy contribute to changing the interest of the whole country for solar technologies. Many new challenges for the applications of solar energy, which have become subject of communication and which also crystallize oppositions, such as the environmentalists battle. Today, France is far behind compared to many other occidental countries. The French solar research of the second half of the twentieth century, despite its historical importance, is very poorly represented in international forums and remains unrecognised. This phenomenon questions about directions that successive French leaders have imposed on the solar industry. Does solar energy, as a "sector of the future", is a utopia? Was it relayed, since the beginning of its scientific use, as a possible industrial solution? This thesis raises questions about the various periods of enthusiasm that led to consider solar energy as a real solution, in opposition to the lack of interest that this source of energy has suffered, trying to analyze the typologies of heritage which characterize this source of energy in both the public and the scientific community

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Corolleur, Frédéric. "Innovation, institution et évolution des territoires". Grenoble 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999GRE21006.

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L'objet de la these est l'analyse de l'evolution des agglomerations productives composees principalement de PMI. L'angle d'entree pour comprendre ces evolutions est le processus d'innovation des firmes. Le cadre d'analyse elabore repose sur les travaux fondateurs de A. Marshall sur l'evolution et le district industriel, de G. B. Richardson sur la cooperation, B. J. Loasby sur la connaissance et des developpements recents en economie regionale sur l'espace territoire et les economies de proximite. L'hypothese de recherche est que des combinaisons differenciees de la proximite organisationnelle et de la proximite institutionnelle ont des consequences sur les processus d'innovation des firmes et l'aptitude des acteurs locaux a repondre collectivement aux enjeux productifs presents et anticipes pour l'avenir. Nous illustrons cette hypothese en comparant les evolutions differenciees d'un district industriel, la vallee de l'Arve en France, et d'un ensemble de PME, le jura bernois en Suisse
The thesis is about the evolution of SME's agglomeration. We focus on the innovation process of the firm. The theoretical tools are : the works of A. Marshall on evolution and industrial district, G. B. Richardson on co-operation and B. J. Loasby on economics knowledge. Our analysis is also based on the new spatial approaches of territory and proximity. We demonstrate that different combinations of organisational and institutional proximity imply first the differentiation of innovation process and secondly the ability of local actors to manage collectively the present and future issues. In this perspective, we have compared the evolution of an industrial district, the vallee de l'Arve in France, and a cluster of SME, the jura bernois in Switzerland

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Libri sul tema "Innovation – Histoire"

Institut national des hautes études de la sécurité et de la justice (France), a cura di. Petite histoire de l'intelligence économique: Une innovation à la française. Paris: L'Harmattan, 2010.

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Mayer, Roy. Inventing Canada: 100 years of innovation. Vancouver: Raincoast Books, 1997.

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Berkun, Scott. The myths of innovation. Sebastopol, CA: O'Reilly, 2010.

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Berkun, Scott. The myths of innovation. Sebastopol, CA: O'Reilly, 2007.

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Association française d'études canadiennes. Colloque international. Adaptation et innovation: Expériences acadiennes contemporaines. Bruxelles: P.I.E.-P. Lang, 2006.

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M, Stern Robert A., Searing Helen e De Long, David Gilson, 1939-, a cura di. American architecture: Innovation and tradition. New York: Rizzoli, 1986.

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Rabinovitz, Rubin. Innovation inSamuel Beckett's fiction. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1992.

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Berliner, Joseph S. Soviet industry from Stalin to Gorbachev: Essays on management and innovation. Aldershot: Edward Elgar, 1988.

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Champeaux, Antoine. Michelin et l'aviation 1896-1945: Patriotisme industriel et innovation. [Paris]: Lavauzelle, 2006.

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Rabinovitz, Rubin. Innovation in Samuel Beckett's fiction. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1992.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Innovation – Histoire"

Caron, François. "Innovation". In Entrepreneurship in Theory and History, 111–26. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230522633_5.

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Lin, Hang. "Innovation of History Classes". In Proceedings of the 2022 International Conference on Diversified Education and Social Development (DESD 2022), 242–49. Paris: Atlantis Press SARL, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/978-2-494069-37-4_31.

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Tsenova, Violeta. "Lights of Innovation". In History in Public Space, 85–103. New York: Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003366348-7.

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Ville, Simon, e David Merrett. "Innovation and Competition". In Palgrave Studies in Economic History, 153–74. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-0481-3_8.

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Rosenstone, Robert A. "Innovative drama". In History on Film/Film on History, 44–61. Third edition. | Abingdon, Oxon ; New York : Routledge, 2017. | Series: History: concepts, theories and practice: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315113654-4.

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Rosenstone, Robert A. "Innovative drama". In History on Film/Film on History, 57–78. 4^a ed. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003377467-4.

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Wijeyewardene, Gehan. "Introduction Definition, Innovation, and History". In Ethnic Groups Across National Boundaries in Mainland SEA, a cura di Gehan Wijeyewardene, 1–13. Singapore: ISEAS–Yusof Ishak Institute Singapore, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1355/9789814379366-004.

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John, Michael Collins. "Be Inspired: Innovation throughout History". In Problem Solving for Healthcare Workers, 29–39. Boca Raton: Productivity Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351394734-5.

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Wills, Ian. "Innovation and Systems". In Studies in History and Philosophy of Science, 61–79. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29940-8_4.

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Wills, Ian. "Innovation Must Fail". In Studies in History and Philosophy of Science, 81–96. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29940-8_5.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Innovation – Histoire"

Enthoven, Guido. "How Do Ideas Change the World? Patterns in Social Innovation". In 14th European Conference on Creativity in Innovation. AIJR Publisher, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21467/proceedings.154.15.

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Social innovations are everywhere. Examples of social innovations are grand ideas like human rights, suffrage, parliament, separation of powers, but also more concrete innovations as Red Cross, mediation, carpooling, street art and energy cooperations. The field of social innovation has developed primarily as a field of trial and error, but there has been relatively little attention to its history, theory and working mechanisms. The central question in this chapter is: What are patterns in social innovations? Is it possible to ‘peel off’ social innovations to their basic working mechanisms and to identify patterns in social innovations on vitalising democracy, environmental policy, reducing crime, or creating employment? This article starts with a definition of social innovation and a description of the various sectors in society which play a role in social innovation. Attention is focussed on the process and the diffusion of social innovation. The core of this chapter is a list of 33 patterns in social innovations like: communicate, represent, collect, exchange, equalize, cooperate, share, celebrate, regulate, control, insure, standardize, protect, separate, choose, experiment and grow. The list is completed with concrete examples of social innovations throughout the ages. Clustered, there are four basic mechanisms that include most of the found patterns: Secure, Divide, Connect and Evolve. Finally, some concluding remarks are being made, especially about the role of networks in innovation and the possible impact of using these patterns in future social innovation.

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Smirnova, E. А. "ANALYSIS OF THE LITERATURE ON DEVELOPMENT ISSUES INNOVATION CLUSTERS". In Regional economy and territorial development. Petersburg State University of Economics, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.52897/978-5-7310-6266-4-2023-17-108-114.

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The study is aimed at the innovative clusters’ development problems analysis on the base of literature review. The cluster concept history development, the innovation clusters contemporary understanding approaches and the innovation clusters research’ bibliography indicators. So to summarize, the innovation clusters’ and their role’s in the regional economy research relevance.

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Naim, Aziz M., e Kemper E. Lewis. "Rethinking Design: The Formal Integration of Engineering Innovation Into a Design Process". In ASME 2011 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2011-48381.

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Innovation has been a hallmark of progress throughout human history. There are many innovative products that have had a tremendous impact on mankind’s quality of life. As engineering design matures into a field defined by scientific principles, there is a need for guidelines to help the designer select and apply appropriate tools and methods to support the development of innovative products. There has been significant work developing design methods to support the development of innovative products. There has been significant work developing design methods to support the development of innovative products as well as to understand the characteristics of the innovative products. Many of these methods however present themselves as a unique solution to develop innovative products but fail to fully define innovation. Furthermore, few guidelines are provided to the designer as to when to use the available tools with respect to the market dynamics, making the use of these methods sometimes ineffective. With a general push for US companies to become increasingly more innovative, it is important more than ever to understand and situate innovation in design practices in order to promote successful and consistent development of innovative products. This paper proposes a set of new “innovation for engineers” guidelines that are defined and used along existing engineering design theory and cyberinfrastructure design tools in a design process.

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Boros, V. "Is Building Information Modelling a Disruptive Innovation?" In IABSE Symposium, Wroclaw 2020: Synergy of Culture and Civil Engineering – History and Challenges. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/wroclaw.2020.0951.

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<p>The implementation of Building Information Modelling (BIM) in ever more countries across the globe promises a leap in civil engineering techniques. Ever since the idea of disruptive innovation has been introduced in 1997, the term had become a buzzword and is also often used in connection with BIM. Meanwhile disruptive innovations show in fact several recognisable characteristics, distinguishing them from sustaining technologies. The properties of BIM in the German market in respect to these aspects have been established by conducting interviews with 10 experts including four clients, four consultants, a contractor and a software company. Based on their professional assessment, in the present paper the disruptive potential of BIM is determined according to five different theoretical frameworks. While BIM shows some disruptive features, the outcomes clearly indicate that it falls significantly short of the score obtained by truly disruptive innovations. Especially for smaller companies this may present a valuable insight in respect to BIM adoption.</p>

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Li, Jim, e Yukiya Sawanoi. "The History and Innovation of Home Blood Pressure Monitors". In 2017 IEEE HISTory of ELectrotechnolgy CONference (HISTELCON). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/histelcon.2017.8535736.

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Despa, Mihai, e Laurentiu constantin Miu. "INNOVATIVE IT PROJECTS FOCUSED ON USER CENTRED DESIGN". In eLSE 2015. Carol I National Defence University Publishing House, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-15-025.

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This paper is directed towards analysing the concept of innovation within software development projects by means of user-centered design. Innovation is defined in the context of software development projects. The article covers the field of web application development but also provides references and examples from other related IT areas like mobile application development and hardware development. Software development projects are depicted as an ideal environment for introducing innovative solutions. The user interface concept is defined. Its importance and value in the context of application quality and performance is highlighted. A brief history of user interface evolution is presented and disruptive innovations in the way users interact with software and hardware are emphasized. Opportunities to innovate in software development projects at user interface level are listed. The concept of usability is defined. The concept of user-centered design is defined. A clear distinction is made between user-centered design and usability. A theoretical background in the field of user-centered design is compiled. The circumstances that require implementing user-centered design are emphasized. The reasons for applying user centered design are depicted. The type of software development projects that accommodate effectively user centered design are presented. Advantages, costs, and risks are all put into balance and considered in order to provide a proper formalization of the user centered design concept. Indicators for assessing user-centerd design efficiency, efficacy are constructed, tested and refined. The concepts, data and theories enunciated throughout the article are summarised in order to aggregate a solid conclusion. Further research directions in terms of user-centered design, usability and innovative IT projects are outlined.

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Brueckner, R., e P. Lambert. "Present day problems with historic innovations". In DEFENCE SITES: HERITAGE AND FUTURE 2012. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/dshf120071.

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Ekers, Ronald D. "The history of innovation in radio astronomy". In From Antikythera to the Square Kilometre Array: Lessons from the Ancients. Trieste, Italy: Sissa Medialab, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.170.0014.

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Boyko, Taras. "SEMIOTIZING HISTORY". In New Semiotics. Between Tradition and Innovation. IASS Publications, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.24308/iass-2014-136.

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"Innovations in Prestressed Concrete Pavement". In SP-231: Ned H Burns Symposium on Historic Innovations in Prestressed Concrete. American Concrete Institute, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.14359/14927.

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Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Innovation – Histoire"

Moser, Petra. Patents and Innovation in Economic History. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, febbraio 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w21964.

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Moser, Petra. Patent Laws and Innovation: Evidence from Economic History. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, dicembre 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w18631.

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Haber, Stephen, e Naomi Lamoreaux. The Battle Over Patents: History and the Politics of Innovation. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, maggio 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w28774.

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Adams, Sunny E., Megan W. Tooker e Adam D. Smith. Fort McCoy, Wisconsin WWII buildings and landscapes. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), novembre 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/38679.

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The U.S. Congress codified the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 (NHPA) mostly through the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP), which requires federal agencies to address their cultural resources. Section 110 of the NHPA requires federal agencies to inventory and evaluate their cultural resources, and Section 106 requires them to determine the effect of federal undertakings on those potentially eligible for the NRHP. This report provides a World War II development history and analysis of 786 buildings, and determinations of eligibility for those buildings, on Fort McCoy, Wisconsin. Evaluation of the WWII buildings and landscape concluded that there are too few buildings with integrity to form a cohesive historic district. While the circulation patterns and roads are still intact, the buildings with integrity are scattered throughout the cantonment affecting the historic character of the landscape. Only Building 100 (post headquarters), Building 656 (dental clinic), and Building 550 (fire station) are ELIGIBLE for listing on the NRHP at the national level under Criterion A for their association with World War II temporary building construction (1942-1946) and under Criterion C for their design, construction, and technological innovation.

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Cunningham, Stuart, e Marion McCutcheon. Australian Cultural and Creative Activity: A Population and Hotspot Analysis - Innovation Precincts in Adelaide. Queensland University of Technology, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/rep.eprints.206903.

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There is a fraught history to the relationship between creative industries on the one hand and innovation and entrepreneurship policy and programs on the other. Such policy and program frameworks have rarely been inclusive of creative industries... This is, however, what we see happening in South Australia.

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Basu, Alaka, e Sajeda Amin. Some preconditions for fertility decline in Bengal: History, language identity, and an openness to innovations. Population Council, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/pgy6.1043.

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Kearns, Nick, e William Beale. Show me the Money: Perspectives on Applying for Government Research and Development Co-funding. Unitec ePress, ottobre 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.34074/ocds.022.

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In 2012-14 Unitec Institute of Technology (in partnership with The Innovation Workshop) carried out research into the application process for New Zealand Government Research & Development [R&D] co-funding administered by the Ministry of Science & Innovation (now Callaghan Innovation Ltd). This research revealed widespread applicant frustration with the application criteria and process. A significant problem perceived by High Value Manufacturing and Service Small Medium Enterprises (HVMS SME) businesses is the focus of R&D funding on product innovation followed by a lack of funding to support later stage commercialisation of products. This later stage of product and market development is excluded from Callaghan Innovation co-funding, leading to ‘prototypes-on-a-shelf’. Applicants also found the process time consuming, due to the complexity of the application questions and the delays in response from the funding network of regional funding partners and the Government Ministry. HVMS SME often used consultants to help manage the application, which is frowned upon by both the regional funding partners and Callaghan Innovation, despite the high levels of co-funding success from these applicants. This work has been carried out during the establishment period of Callaghan Innovation Ltd and some of the above issues may be historic and/or transitional as the institutional arrangements change. This research records the HVMS SME experience in applying for R&D co-funding. Consideration of the user experience, captured in this research, may reveal opportunities to improve the process with better outcomes for the applicants and the economy.

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Schreiner, Clara. International Case Studies of Smart Cities: Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Inter-American Development Bank, giugno 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0006533.

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This case study is one of ten international studies developed by the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB), in association with the Korean Research Institute for Human Settlements (KRIHS), for the cities of Anyang, Medellin, Namyangju, Orlando, Pangyo, Rio de Janeiro, Santander, Singapore, Songdo, and Tel Aviv. At the IDB, the Competitiveness and Innovation Division (CTI), the Fiscal and Municipal Management Division (FMM), and the Emerging and Sustainable Cities Initiative (ESCI) coordinated the study. This project was part of technical cooperation ME-T1254, financed by the Knowledge Partnership Korean Fund for Technology and Innovation of the Republic of Korea. At KRIHS, the National Infrastructure Research Division coordinated the project and the Global Development Partnership Center provided the funding. The case study includes the experience of the city of Rio de Janeiro in smart city initiatives, focusing mainly on Rio Operations Center Project-COR. The methodology was based on field research, site visits, publications, and interviews held with representatives of local government of the City of Rio de Janeiro. The report addresses the city backdrop, the main urban challenges, the history of digital initiatives, and their evolution over time. For the Rio Operations Center, the general model of participation, organizational aspects, the keys functions, the monitored events, the mechanisms for access, dissemination of information, and the decision-making process are described, as well as the typologies of existing systems and their integration with COR. The study concludes that it is a successful model with a high degree of maturity, and that sharing the experience of Rio de Janeiro with other cities is very important. However, the model needs to continue evolving and rely on strong institutional support so that Rio de Janeiro's population can increasingly enjoy the benefits of technological innovations applied to the city's daily challenges.

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Exner, Dagmar, Jørgen Rose, Élodie Héberlé e Sara Mauri. Conservation compatible energy retrofit technologies: Part II: Documentation and assessment of conventional and innovative solutions for conservation and thermal enhancement of window systems in historic buildings. A cura di Alexander Rieser. IEA SHC Task 59, ottobre 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18777/ieashc-task59-2021-0005.

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The main objective of Subtask C is to identify, assess and in some cases further develop retrofit solutions and strategies for historic buildings. The solutions should fulfil the conservation compatibility of historic buildings as well as energy efficiency goals towards lowest possible energy demand and CO2 emissions (NZEB). Further, the objective is to make the solutions available for comprehensive integrated refurbishing concepts and strategies.

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Chelala, Santiago, e Gustavo Beliz. The DNA of Regional Integration: Latin American's Views on High Quality Convergence Innovation Equality and Care for the Environment. Inter-American Development Bank, ottobre 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0010662.

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This report is the outcome of an Inter-American Development Bank (IDB)regional public good (RPG) that different Latin American and Caribbean countries helped to create by identifying the information they needed to perfect the decision-making process on matters of trade and integration. The mechanism that the IDB foresaw is a three-way process, in which decisions are made in partnership with technical institutions and countries, which share their experience and knowledge of social demands. In this case, the countries of the region played a key role in designing an opinion poll on trade and integration, the results of which we compare with national statistical indicators. This was made possible by the strategic partnership between the Institute for the Integration of Latin America and the Caribbean (IDB/INTAL), part of the Integration and Trade Sector, and Latinobarómetro, marking the start of the dialogue between two databases with very specific features. The first of these is the highly complete information on trade and integration that INTAL has acquired over its 51-year history. The second, the public perceptions that Latinobarómetro, a pioneering public opinion poll, has been measuring in the region for over two decades. Cross-referencing the results of over 20,000 exclusive surveys that were carried out in 18 Latin American countries with national statistics has helped create a powerful tool for designing integration and trade strategies. Comparing citizens' opinions and national statistics allows researchers to find correlations and asymmetries between public perceptions and the region's actual performance, thus contributing to improving planning and impact assessment in public policy design. We believe that integration processes should reflect both dimensions: they must not overlook classic indicators but they also need to include the voice of the people of Latin America, which is an essential part of any regional strategy seeking to construct a form of governance that is underpinned by the demands of society.

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