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Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Innovation"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 28 giugno 2025

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Innovation"

Nierenberg, Andrew A. "Innovating Innovation." Psychiatric Annals 48, no. 6 (June 1, 2018): 262. http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/00485713-20180510-02.

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LaFrance, David B. "Innovating Innovation." Journal - American Water Works Association 110, no. 8 (July 31, 2018): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/awwa.1132.

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Lichtenthaler, Ulrich. "Toward an innovation-based perspective on company performance." Management Decision 54, no. 1 (February 8, 2016): 66–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/md-05-2015-0161.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to suggest an innovation-based perspective on company performance and develops a conceptual framework. Design/methodology/approach – This is a research paper, which builds on prior theoretical and empirical management research. Findings – The innovation-based view is grounded in interfirm differences in innovation, and it underscores the opportunities to achieve sustainable superior firm performance by innovating internally besides the increasing trend toward open innovation. The innovation-based perspective goes beyond many firms’ focus on product innovation by examining its interdependencies with other essential first-order innovations such as service, process, business model, and management innovations. The innovation-based perspective further addresses the dynamic and intertemporal transformation of innovation activities based on second-order innovations, which provide a more realistic view of organizations’ innovation over time. This transformation affects organizational boundaries and how a firm sustains superior performance. Originality/value – The innovation-based view revises extant approaches to competition and firm boundaries. The new arguments help to reconcile inconsistent earlier findings, and they deepen the understanding of interfirm differences in innovation and performance.

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Nursyamsiah, Siti, and Saiful Hidayat. "PENGARUH SUMBER PENGETAHUAN EKTERNAL TERHADAP TYPE INOVASI : SEBUAH TINJAUAN BERBASIS PELAKU PASAR DAN SCIENCE BASED ACTORS (STUDI EMPIRIS PADA UMKM DI YOGYAKARTA)." Holistic Journal of Management Research 3, no. 1 (June 25, 2020): 47–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.33019/hjmr.v3i1.1826.

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The research aims to determine the influence of external knowledge sources based on market actors and science actors on the types of innovations including product innovation, process innovation, market innovation and organizational innovation in innovating SMEs food and beverage at D. I Yogyakarta. This research is based on 60 samples obtained from the dissemination of questionnaires directly and through Google form. To analyzed data, this study utilized a logistic regression model with SPSS 23. The findings show that the external knowledge source of market base actors has significant effect on 4 types of innovation. However, the best prediction is shown in Model 1 that is market base actors to product innovation. While analysis of external knowledge sources of Science based actors shows there is no influence on 4 types of innovations, either on models 1 to model 4. Analysis of the control variables also showed no significant influence on innovation. Therefore, the age difference and size of the company in SMEs are not important factors in innovating. The results of this study contribute to the development of innovation in SMEs.

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Mamajanov, Ikramjon. "INNOVATION AND INNOVATIVE ACTIVITY IN EDUCATION." CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PEDAGOGICS 02, no. 09 (September 30, 2021): 101–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/pedagogics-crjp-02-09-23.

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This article is focused on the meaning and content of innovation and innovative activity and the descriptions given to them by Uzbek scientists and scientists from foreign countries. Besides that the article comprises different opinions and approaches on the descriptions, attitudes articles given to “Innovation” and “Innovative activity” in the framework of the laws on “Innovative activity”, “Education” and “Science and scientific activity”.

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Reeves, Martin, and Kevin Whitaker. "Innovating Management Innovation." Strategic Management Review 3, no. 1 (2022): 157–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1561/111.00000040.

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Teltumbade, Ganesh Ramesh, and Chandrashekhar s. pawar. "Innovation- an Engine for inclusive growth and sustainable development and social innovation in marketing." Journal of Research & Development 17, no. 4 (April 30, 2025): 30–37. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15542584.

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Abstract Innovation is the key source for enhancing inclusive growth and sustainable development. The paper has discussed the significance of innovation for economic growth within the country. Along with that, the paper has discussed innovation's role in effectively driving growth and sustainable development within marketing. Apart from that, the research paper has evaluated that there are numerous structural measures that have assisted in promoting innovation. However two majors which are revealed in this paper that helps in promoting innovations include investment in Research & Development and in the educational department. Social innovation and its importance have been discussed and it has also explored that it is also considered as “innovations with a human face”. Innovation has an important role in sustainable development, driving inclusive growth through different social innovations in the marketing dynamic. The research aims to analyse the innovation role in driving inclusive growth, sustainable development, and social innovation in marketing. The findings of the study reveal that innovation is indispensable for addressing the underserved markets, creating a shared value and promoting the environmental consciousness to ensure competitive business advantage and long-term societal progress.

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Totter, Alexandra, Daniela Müller-Kuhn, Enikö Zala-Mezö, and Simona Marti. "Schulbuch und Innovation? Die Einführung eines neuen Lehrmittels als (kein) Anlass zum Innovationstransfer." DDS – Die Deutsche Schule: Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft, Bildungspolitik und Pädagogische Praxis 111, no. 3 (September 8, 2019): 294–309. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3662272.

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Der Beitrag untersucht, ausgehend von Innovation als soziale Praxis, in drei Fallschulen die Einführung eines neuen Lehrmittels und die Umsetzung der darin implizierten didaktischen Innovationen. Mittels Interviews von Lehrpersonen und Schulleitungen werden Einflussfaktoren des Innovationtransfers analysiert. Dabei zeigt sich, dass Lehrmittel grundsätzlich als Innovationsträger gesehen werden, der Transfer der darin implizierten didaktischen Innovationen aber bislang der Selbstorganisation der Lehrpersonen überlassen wird. Based on innovation as social practice, this paper examines the introduction of a new textbook in three schools and the implementation of the didactic innovations implied therein. Interviews with teachers and school leaders are used to analyze factors influencing the transfer of innovation. It is shown that the textbook is basically seen as a carrier of innovation, but the transfer of the didactic innovations has so far been left to the selforganization of teachers.

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Bangerl, Mia, Sebastian Dennerlein, Katharina Maitz, Marie Nitschke, Martin Ebner, and Viktoria Pammer-Schindler. "Supporting Sustainable and User-Oriented Educational Technology Innovation with the University Innovation Canvas." Education Sciences 14, no. 5 (May 13, 2024): 528. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/educsci14050528.

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Innovating higher education teaching and learning is challenging due to structural, cultural, and resource-related reasons, and research indicates that university innovation benefits from a bottom-up approach as well as strategic alignment with university objectives. In this paper, we investigate such bottom-up innovation processes within higher education as supported by a specific tool: the University Innovation Canvas (UIC). Adapted from the Business Model Canvas and Lean Canvas, the UIC is designed to promote educational technology innovation and foster alignment of the innovation process with strategic objectives of the university: namely, sustainability and user orientation. An evaluation of the UIC based on interview and questionnaire data shows that its usage differs between innovation teams (on paper vs. digital, individual vs. collaborative, co-located vs. remotely, and synchronous vs. asynchronous). UIC usability is linked with these differences and with teams’ experience in realizing innovations. Overall, the UIC is perceived to be useful by (particularly, less-experienced) innovation teams and is successful at supporting sustainable and user-oriented innovations, as 14/15 innovations are still in use after up to four years since completion. To maximize its potential, more effort needs to be devoted to improving understanding of the UIC and supporting different workflows of innovation teams in the future.

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Più fonti

Tesi sul tema "Innovation"

Poloni, Francesca <1991&gt. "Innovating through Open Innovation." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/11504.

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Innovation is the key term for growth and development among organizations. In the last century, the innovation paradigm was characterized by firms investing in huge R&D division, working secretly from the enviroment. Knowledge (Intellectual property), especially, was created and sold in-house and having the smarter people in the field developing new ideas and products, making the whole organization more competitive. However, during the last decades of the century, things slowly has been changed as new and smaller competitors overcome, with more innovative and new perspectives, the bigger and well settled corporations. The knowledge landscape has changed and with it the rules of competition. The paradigm of Open Innovation is becoming the standard innovation process, and has been already adopted by many firms, organizations and industries. But what is, nowadays, Open Onnovation? How to deal with it in a globalized market? Why some companies use it? The aim of the master thesis is focused on Open Innovation Paradigm which should be seen as the outflows and inflows of ideas to create value in an established business. Moreover try to figure out the limits and the benefits and why organizations use this model compared to the previous one: Closed Innovation.

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Pasternak, Jørgensen Kasper. "Aspects of innovation and innovative industries /." Copenhagen, 2003. http://www.gbv.de/dms/zbw/372059228.pdf.

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Chaniadi, Frengky. "Innovative management of management innovation (IMMI)." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2014. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/innovative-management-of-management-innovation-immi(378a8b7d-597e-496f-bd49-99a6d09e3542).html.

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The rapid convergence of collaborative technologies, democratisation of digital communication and consumerisation of Smart Grid infrastructure (i.e.: smart metering and distribution substation automation) have faltered the efficacy of centralised command-and-control and its insular sub-culture. For complex firms in today's creative economy, this infers that management innovation (MI)—“an induced managerial capacity to search for novel ways to create value”, is rapidly becoming liabilities unless it is innovatively managed for overcoming the inertia of discontinuity opportunities. The raison d'être of this thesis is to investigate the generative managerial processes through which MI can be fostered for experimentation and innovatively managed for acceleration. It comprises four qualitative case studies that involved in-depth interviews, surveys, public records and archival documentaries of four Canadian energy and utilities organisations. The conclusions are fascinating both expected and unanticipated. I found that many, if not most, of the contemporaneous routines of pyramidal target-setting and benchmark-driven cultures are ubiquitously evident. Business planning and risk management still function, albeit the objects of those tenets are different. These quasi-objects include, but are not limited to, organic structures, web-enabled paradigm, pragmatic mindset of middle-down-up crowdsourcing and fragmented evaluation of efforts to evoke the innovative management of management innovation (IMMI). Further adjacent to the quest for driving renewed growth, a new governing dynamic is hinging upon the IMMI that forges a pattern for resiliency and sustainability. Managers capitalise on the epistemic IMMI to regain competitive advantage while enduring endogenous fiefdoms and exogenous disruptions. They catalyse information semantically, harness collective capability effectively, stage prolifically faster MI experimentations and accelerate the cycle of MI more pervasively. I henceforth propose a unified managerial process, dubbed the "Cloverleaf 4S Model" (Strategise—Synchronise—Steward—Sustain). Implicit in this approach, managers believe that their finely-tailored practices epitomise an evolutionary process of deliberate selection in the pursuit for distinctive MI capabilities and expanding authority dynamics in the managership. This allows for self-adaptive mechanisms shifting from silos to swarming as well as the indigenous aspects of IMMI practices—exaptation, cognitive flexibility, speed to adaptation and executional excellence. The implication of this study presents heuristical insights to managers in galvanising perennial innovation and unlocking their IMMI to build an agile, intelligent enterprise.

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Lokuge, Kamburugamuwa Sachithra Prasadi. "Agile innovation: Innovating with enterprise systems." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2015. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/89657/1/Kamburugamuwa%20Sachithra%20Prasadi_Lokuge_Thesis.pdf.

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The contemporary organisations are presented with an eclectic collection of technologies that has dramatically shifted the process of innovation. This thesis investigates the nature and the process of attaining innovation through the modern IT portfolio. A qualitative study of nine organizations was conducted. The results identified that the modern IT portfolio innovates through a new innovation process called 'agile innovation,' which differs from the existing innovation types.

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Adams, Richard. "Perceptions of innovations : exploring and developing innovation classification." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1826/124.

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The capacity to innovate is commonly regarded as a key response mechanism, a critical organisational competence for success, even survival, for organisations operating in turbulent conditions. Understanding how innovation works, therefore, continues to be a significant agenda item for many researchers. Innovation, however, is generally recognised to be a complex and multi-dimensional phenomenon. Classificatory approaches have been used to provide conceptual frameworks for descriptive purposes and to help better understand innovation. Further, by the facility of pattern recognition, classificatory approaches also attempt to elevate theorising from the specific and contextual to something more abstract and generalisable. Over the last 50 years researchers have sought to explain variance in innovation activities and processes, adoption and diffusion patterns and, performance outcomes in terms of these different ‘types’ of innovation. Three generic approaches to the classification of innovations can be found in the literature (innovation newness, area of focus and attributes). In this research, several limitations of these approaches are identified: narrow specification, inconsistent application across studies and, indistinct and permeable boundaries between categories. One consequence is that opportunities for cumulative and comparative research are hampered. The assumption underpinning this research is that, given artefact multidimensionality, it is not unreasonable to assume that we might expect to see the diversity of attributes being patterned into distinct configurations. In a mixed-method study, comprising of three empirical phases, the innovation classification problem is addressed through the design, testing and application of a multi-dimensional framework of innovation, predicated on perceived attributes. Phase I is characterised by an iterative process, in which data from four case studies of successful innovation in the UK National Health Service are synthesised with those drawn from an extensive thematic interrogation of the literature, in order to develop the framework. The second phase is concerned with identifying whether or not innovations configure into discrete, identifiable types based on the multidimensional conceptualisation of innovation artefact, construed in terms of innovation attributes. The framework is operationalised in the form of a 56-item survey instrument, administered to a sample consisting of 310 different innovations. 196 returns were analysed using methods developed in biological systematics. From this analysis, a taxonomy consisting of three discrete types (type 1, type 2 and type 3 innovations) emerges. The taxonomy provides the basis for additional theoretical development. In phase III of the research, the utility of the taxonomy is explored in a qualitative investigation of the processes underpinning the development of exemplar cases of each of the three innovation types. This research presents an integrative approach to the study of innovation based on the attributes of the innovation itself, rather than its effects. Where the challenge is to manage multiple discrete data combinations along a number of dimensions, the configurational approach is especially relevant and can provide a richer understanding and description of the phenomenon of interest. Whilst none of the dimensions that comprise the proposed framework are new in themselves, what is original is the attempt to deal with them simultaneously in order that innovations may be classified according to differences in the way in which their attributes configure. This more sensitive classification of the artefact permits a clearer exploration of relationship issues between the innovation, its processes and outcomes.

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Jarkman, Olof, and Rasmus Kling. "Identifiering av parametrar som påverkar den affärsmässiga potentialen hos en uppfinning : Praktiska förslag för användning i en innovationsprocess." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Projekt, innovationer och entreprenörskap, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-133488.

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Världen är i konstant förändring och drivs framåt genom utveckling av nya och uppdaterade produkter. Utan denna utveckling skulle samhällsutvecklingen troligtvis stanna av. För hur skulle ditt liv se ut utan järnvägen, elektriciteten eller telefonen? Alla dessa förändringar börjar med att en person har en idé som börjar gro och som börjar sin resa mot att nå marknaden. De idéer som mynnar ut i produkter, är av teknisk karaktär och har en höjd av originalitet klassas som uppfinningar, som när väl insteg nås på marknaden blir till innovationer. Alla idéer har dock inte samma förutsättningar att lyckas nå marknaden, utan vissa har stor möjlighet att bli innovationer och vissa har det inte. I de fallen där innehavaren av en idé har som mål att nå insteg med sin uppfinning är det viktigt att i ett så tidigt skede som möjligt kunna särskilja vilka uppfinningar som har potential att göra detta för att ha möjlighet att kunna fokusera sina resurser, så som kapital och tid, på de uppfinningar som har bäst förutsättningar att bli till innovationer. För att kunna få förståelse för huruvida en idé har en affärsmässig potential har vi i det här arbetet undersökt vilka parametrar som påverkar möjligheten att nå insteg. Dessutom har vi undersökt hur en innehavare av en idé kan använda sig utav dessa parametrar för att själv ha möjlighet att analysera och påverka chansen att lyckas. Arbetet har genomförts genom litteraturstudier och kvalitativa intervjuer med personer som har erfarenhet kring uppfinningar och hur dessa når sin tilltänka marknad. Litteraturstudien samt intervjuerna ledde fram till ett antal parametrar som är av intresse att ha kunskap kring. Genom att jämföra dessa med teorin kunde vi analysera fram huruvida de hade inverkan för potentialen att nå marknaden. Ytterligare analys genomfördes för att identifiera hur dessa kan användas för att utvärdera en idé. Parametrarna som identifierades som mest väsentliga för att en uppfinning skulle ha möjlighet att nå insteg är originalitet, marknadskännedom, kunskap och kompetens, drivkraft, öppenhet, timing samt ekonomiska resurser. Det har även visat sig att teori och uppfinnare står långt ifrån varandra när det kommer till hur det praktiskt går till att nå insteg. Uppfinnarna anser att den tekniska lösningen är mest väsentlig medan teorin anser att behovet för produkten hos den tilltänka kunden är det. Vår slutsats är att både den tekniska lösningen och behovet är nödvändigt för att nå insteg, vilket är viktigt att förstå. Uppfinnaren kan få kunskap kring detta genom att arbeta mer strukturerat, se på idén mer objektivt samt genom att göra noggrannare marknadsundersökningar. Vi har även funnit att det är viktigt att våga dela med sig av sin idé, i viss mån, och vara öppen för att kunna få hjälp med kunskap kring kompetens som man inte själv behärskar. Det finns mycket att vinna på att lyckas med att verifiera idéer i ett tidigt stadie för att kunna lägga tid och energi på de idéer som har störst potential att lyckas. Hur detta går till rent praktiskt presenteras sist i rapporten. The world is in constant change, driven by the development of new and updated products. Without these products, the growth in society would in the worst-case scenario stop completely. Can you imagine how your life would be without the railway, electricity or phone? All these examples have at some point started with a person that has an idea. This person then begins to think about it and at some point, begin the journey to reach the market with it. The ideas that become a product and is of technical nature and at the same time has a height of originality, is classified as an invention. When a market adopts an invention, it becomes an innovation. All ideas have not the same possibility to succeed in the market, some have great potential meanwhile some inventions just fail. In those cases, when a person aim to reach the market with an idea, it’s important to identify if it is one of those that have the possibility, and this is better to have knowledge about at as a early stage as possible. This is important to do, so the inventor can focus their resources, such as capital and time, in the right direction. We have investigated the parameters that affect the ability to achieve entry into a market to get a better understanding of whether an idea has commercial potential or not. We have also in addition to the investigation examined how these parameters can be used to influence the chance of success. The work was done through literature studies and interviews with people who have experience of inventions and the innovation process. The literature review and interviews led to several parameters that are of interest. By comparing this with the theory, we could analyse whether these had effects or not, and if so how much. Further analysis was performed to identify how these can be used in practise. The parameters that were identified as most important was originality, market awareness, knowledge and skills, motivation, transparency, timing and financial resources. We have also proved that theory and reality are far apart when it comes to how innovators work and how researchers think is the best way. The inventors believe that the technical solution is the most significant parameter, while the theory considers the need for the product is the most important. Our conclusion is that both the technical solution and the need are necessary to achieve entry into the market. The inventor can obtain knowledge about all these parameters by working with more structure, look at the idea more objectively and make inquiries with potential customers. We have also found that it is important to share the idea with others, but only to a certain level due to demands for patent grants, to be able to get help to gain knowledge about the parameters that the individual does not possess. There is much to gain from the success of verifying ideas at an early stage, so time and energy can be allocated to the ideas with the greatest potential to succeed. How innovators can use the parameters in a practical way are presented at the end of the report.

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Gwayi, Simeon Mackson. "Perceptions of Innovations as Predictors of TALULAR Implementation Levels among Secondary School Science Teachers in Malawi: A Diffusion of Innovations Perspective." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/26698.

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The ever increasing enrollment numbers and the corresponding dwindling educational resources in public schools have challenged the Ministry of Education in Malawi to introduce an instructional innovation (TALULAR) based on the use of locally available resources for teaching and learning. The purpose of this study was to determine: (i) whether, and to what extent, the perceived characteristics of innovations and teachersâ demographic and employment variables are useful in predicting the implementation of TALULAR, and (ii) the extent to which TALULAR has been implemented by secondary school science teachers in Malawi. Rogersâ (2003) diffusion of innovations theory provided the theoretical framework for the study. Using stratified random sampling, 269 science teachers, representing a response rate of 77%, provided data for this study. Among other findings, multiple regression analysis revealed that collectively, the perceived innovation characteristics are significant predictors of TALULAR implementation. The results further revealed that perceived relative advantage and perceived observability in terms of othersâ use are the two most important predictors of TALULAR implementation, and that implementation of the innovation by science teachers is at a moderate level. These findings might contribute to a deeper understanding of science teachersâ perceptions of using the innovation and may aid change agents and agencies in planning a successful nation-wide diffusion campaign to ensure that all teachers not only adopt, but more importantly, implement the innovation in the classroom. Ph. D.

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Vaidyanathan, Vandana T. "Looking beyond the adoption decision in innovation research: investigating innovation implementation." The Ohio State University, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1101163398.

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Casarin, Veronica. "Controlling innovation, innovating control : accounting for innovation in the field of university-industry interrelations in the UK." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2016. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/92517/.

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The thesis examines the role of accounting in configuring innovation as the driver of economic progress in modern Britain. Set against a context of changing governmental rationalities and greater attention of economic theory upon issues of R&D productivity, University-Industry interrelations have come to represent, since the 1980s, a laboratory where British government has experimented with programmes for both promoting and decentralising innovation, while maintaining at a distance control through mandated calculations and calculative devices. The thesis brings accounting into the discussion of how private and public agencies of governance steer innovation by exploring the paradoxical phrase: “controlling innovation, innovating control”. The phrase questions the extent to which accounting discipline and practices have changed in order to keep pace with the progressive economic and social agenda of innovation. By means of an in-depth study of accounting practices, corroborated by forty semi-structured interviews, the thesis explores the action of controlling innovation across three main sites where university-industry interrelations are enacted, namely technology transfer, technology incubation, and corporate R&D. Drawing on the concept of socio-technical agencement (Callon 2005) the thesis seeks to identify and analyse the economic agencies that configure and assemble innovation as an actor capable of influencing government policies, corporate strategies, and universities’ mission. The thesis shows that controlling innovation involves calculative action that is mainly distributed across accounting devices (e.g. Discounted Cash Flow, R&D budget, and input-output performance indicators), non-accounting devices, and human entities. Drawing on, and expanding, the work of Beunza & Garud (2007) on calculative frames, the thesis finds patterns of regularity occurring in the mechanisms through which economic action within innovation is organized and distributed. The thesis also accounts for the tensions arising in the negotiation of different versions of the value of innovation. Finally, while controlling innovation is performed through a variety of accounting devices, the thesis shows that such devices are not new to the accounting discipline and practice, but rather are traditional accounting tools that adapted to the innovation rationale in virtue of their fluid and combinable properties.

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Bakici, Tuba Yesim. "Open Innovation Intermediaries: Marketplaces for Innovation." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Ramon Llull, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/119545.

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La innovació oberta ofereix un nou recurs de cerca i obtenció d'innovació a empreses i ciutats fent que transcendeixin els seus límits i globalitzin el prove"iment d'innovació. Els intermediaris d'innovació oberta faciliten i donen suport als acords de col-laboració en materia d'innovació oberta. Aquests mediadors funcionen igualment com a mercats per a la innovació i com a font de solucions innovadores. La proliferació d'intermediaris online d'innovació oberta (com ara lnnocentive, Yet2.com, Atizo o NineSigma) que connecten empreses i individus per tal de facilitar la innovació oberta esta essent objecte d'una atenció creixent en els estudis publicats. Com a camp d'investigació, la innovació oberta és un ambit encara jove i els treballs publicats sobre el tema mostren la irrupció amb exit de diverses empreses per facilitar el comen;: amb la propietat intel-lectual (p. ex., idees, tecnologies i patents) a través de les plataformes. S'ha dedicat malta atenció al paper d'aquests intermediaris a les plataformes online amb estudis de cas específics. Tanmateix, cal un nivell de coneixement i de comprensió més profund de com funcionen els intermediaris d'innovació oberta en les plataformes online i en els ecosistemes d'innovació públics i, especialment, de les raons perles quals les persones hi participen. Aquesta tesi pretén desenvolupar i estendre la teoria existent sobre la innovació oberta posant l'accent en els intermediaris d'innovació oberta i els seus mecanismes subjacents,motius de suport i, en darrer terme, la seva presencia i el seu rol en !'ecosistema públic d'innovació. A partir de dades de conclusions empíriques i diversos estudis de cas, aquesta dissertació suggereix que els intermediaris d'innovació exerceixen un paper imprescindible en els processos d'innovació tant en el sector públic com en el sector privat. Les conclusions també motiven els gestors i els responsables polítics, en aportar idees per ajudar a accentuar el caracter innovador i competitiu de llurs organitzacions i ciutats. La innovación abierta ofrece un nuevo medio de búsqueda y obtención de innovación a empresas y ciudades haciendo que trasciendan sus límites y globalicen el abastecimiento de innovación. Los intermediarios de innovación abierta apoyan y facilitan los acuerdos de colaboración en materia de innovación abierta. Estos intermediarios son tanto mercados para la innovación como una fuente de soluciones innovadoras. La proliferación de intermediarios online de innovación abierta (p. ej. lnnocentive, Yet2.com, Atizo o NineSigma) que conectan a empresas e individuos para facilitar la innovación abierta está siendo objeto de una atención cada vez mayor en los estudios publicados. Como campo de investigación, la innovación abierta es un ámbito aún joven y los trabajos publicados sobre el tema muestran la irrupción con éxito de diversas empresas para facilitar el comercio con la propiedad intelectual (p. ej. ideas, tecnologías y patentes) a través de plataformas. Se ha dedicado mucha atención al papel de estos intermediarios en las plataformas online con estudios de caso específicos. Sin embargo, se precisa un nivel de conocimiento y de comprensión más profundo de cómo funcionan los intermediarios de innovación abierta en las plataformas online y en los ecosistemas de innovación públicos y, especialmente, de las razones por las que las personas participan. Esta tesis pretende desarrollar y extender la teoría existente sobre la innovación abierta poniendo el acento en los intermediarios de innovación abierta y sus mecanismos subyacentes, motivos de apoyo y, en última instancia, su presencia y su rol en el ecosistema público de innovación. A partir de datos de conclusiones empíricas y varios estudios de caso, esta disertación sugiere que los intermediarios de innovación desempeñan un papel imprescindible en los procesos de innovación tanto en el sector público como en el sector privado. Las conclusiones también motivan a los gestores y a los responsables políticos, al aportar ideas para ayudar a acentuar el carácter innovador y competitivo de sus organizaciones y ciudades. To achieve a high level of innovativeness, open innovation offers a novel means of sourcing innovation for companies and cities through opening their boundaries and globalizing the sourcing of innovation. Open innovation intermediary is one of the tools that support and facilitate the collaborative arrangements of open innovation. Open innovation intermediaries are both markets for innovation and a source of innovative solutions. The proliferation of on line open innovation intermediaries -i.e. Innocentive, Yet2.com, Atizo, NineSigma- that link multiple companies and individuals to facilitate open innovation is increasingly gaining the attention of the literature. Open innovation as a field of research is young, and the previous literature in this area has shown that a variety of companies have successfully emerged to facilitate intellectual property (e.g. idea, technology, patent) trade through platforms. Much attention has been devoted to the role of these intermediaries in online platforms with single case studies. However, more knowledge is needed about open innovation intermediaries and understanding how these intermediaries function in online platforms and public innovation ecosystems, and, especially why people participate. This thesis aims to develop and extend existing theory on open innovation with an emphasis on the open innovation intermediaries and their underlying mechanisms, supportive motives, and ultimately their existence and role in public innovation ecosystem. Drawing upon data from the empirical findings and several case studies, this dissertation suggest that innovation intermediaries play an imperative role in the innovation processes of both public and prívate sectors. The findings also motívate managers and policy makers with insights to enhance the innovativeness and competitiveness of their organizations and cities.

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Libri sul tema "Innovation"

Klette, Tor Jakob. Innovating firms and aggregate innovation. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2002.

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Bodemann, Markus, Vanessa Just, Annemarie Paul, and Jasmin Weber, eds. Innovative Nachhaltigkeit oder Nachhaltige Innovation. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-68996-7.

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Badiru, Adedeji B. Innovation. First edition. | Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press, 2020. |: CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429200281.

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Agarwal, Renu, Roy Green, Eric Patterson, and Sancheeta Pugalia. Innovation. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429346033.

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Foster, Richard N. Innovation. Wiesbaden: Gabler Verlag, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-83742-4.

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Bessant, J. R. Innovation. London: DK, 2009.

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Bessant, J. R. Innovation. London: DK, 2009.

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Braun-Thürmann, Holger. Innovation. Bielefeld: Transcript, 2005.

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Club, Executive Business, ed. Innovation. Stockport: Executive Business Club, 1993.

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Club, Executive Business, ed. Innovation. Stockport: Executive Business Club, 1993.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Innovation"

Pyka, Andreas, and Andrea Scharnhorst. "Introduction: Network Perspectives on Innovations: Innovative Networks – Network Innovation." In Innovation Networks, 1–16. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-92267-4_1.

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Samli, A. Coskun. "Innovation, Innovation, Innovation." In From Imagination to Innovation, 17–23. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-0854-3_3.

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Read, Dwight, David Lane, and Sander van der Leeuw. "The Innovation Innovation." In Complexity Perspectives in Innovation and Social Change, 43–84. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-9663-1_3.

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Plöchinger, Stefan. "Innovation | Journalismus | INNOVATION." In Journalismus in der digitalen Moderne, 161–72. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-01144-4_13.

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Langer, Andreas, Johannes Eurich, and Simon Güntner. "Innovation Contexts and Context Innovations." In Innovation in Social Services, 81–90. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-05176-1_9.

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Egelhaaf, Baptiste. "Innovation, soziale Innovation und gesellschaftliche Innovation." In Ökosysteme für Innovationen in der Sozialen Arbeit, 7–15. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-40576-2_2.

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Beesabathuni, Kalpana, Klaus Kraemer, Sufia Askari, Srujith Lingala, Madhavika Bajoria, Martin Bloem, Breda Gavin-Smith, et al. "Food Systems Innovation Hubs in Low- and Middle-Income Countries." In Science and Innovations for Food Systems Transformation, 455–68. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-15703-5_24.

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AbstractIn the face of global food and nutrition crises, incremental adjustment in existing technology is not enough; the future of food systems hinges on innovative solutions that can help achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Innovative approaches and opportunities for the transformation of food systems exist. ‘Innovations’ includes new products, business models, policy practices, technologies, behavioral insights, or ways of delivering products and services that benefit the poor in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). These include the innovative use of technology, the reallocation of government expenditure, and the promotion of more nutritious diets. However, scaling these innovations requires capital and platforms to connect stakeholders and facilitate the transfer of technology and know-how. It is here that food system innovation hubs have a key role to play. This chapter draws attention to the role that food system innovation hubs can play in creating healthy, resilient and inclusive communities in LMICs. Eight different archetypes of food innovation hubs are described, and the opportunities for these hubs to deliver planet-friendly nutritious and safe foods are explored. These archetypes include science and technology parks, research centers, incubators, accelerators, advanced development spaces, innovation districts, virtual hubs and nodes. Food system innovation hubs can provide transformative solutions to food systems by bringing the right innovations to market faster in a cost-effective manner.

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Martin, David E. "Innovationen emanzipieren Global Innovation Commons." In Commons, edited by Silke Helfrich and Heinrich-Böll-Stiftung, 378–84. Bielefeld: transcript Verlag, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.14361/9783839428351-059.

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Peisl, Thomas, and Juergen Schmied. "Innovating Innovation: A Conceptual Framework." In Communications in Computer and Information Science, 217–28. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-31199-4_19.

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Spillan, John E. "Product Innovation, Process Innovation." In Encyclopedia of Creativity, Invention, Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 1895–900. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15347-6_477.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Innovation"

Ferrari, Valentina, Luca Mion, and Francesco Molinari. "Innovating ICT innovation." In the 5th International Conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2072069.2072130.

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Apaydin, Marina, and Christopher Bouri. "Innovation2: Innovative Course on Innovation Takes On the Lebanese Revolution." In Sixth International Conference on Higher Education Advances. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica de València, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/head20.2020.11314.

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The purpose of this paper is to showcase the unique learning outcomes derived from an innovative course facing disruption from unforeseen political events. In spite of the tense events on the streets surrounding the university during the Lebanese revolution, which erupted in the middle of the semester, we were able not only to implement pre-planned innovative teaching methods to challenge student thinking and traditional higher education practices, but also leveraged the revolution context to introduce new topics and approaches to course delivery in the face of road closures and risks to students’ wellbeing. Strategic innovation management topics were complemented by the real time innovative strategies to continue education developed jointly by the course instructor and the students, resulting in an Innovation2 effect. Ultimately, the course learning outcomes were reinforced and broadened by embracing the continued uncertainty and relating to the ongoing situation day by day. As Lebanon and AUB enter its second semester of the political revolution, this paper aims to share lessons learned from both, the initial course innovative design, and its delivery in the crisis circumstances of the revolution in order to help faculty dealing with unstable educational context in Lebanon, Middle East and other challenging regions.

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Roy, B. C., Tanmoy Guha, and R. Ekambaram. "Innovation & Fast Track Construction." In IABSE Congress, Christchurch 2021: Resilient technologies for sustainable infrastructure. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/christchurch.2021.0808.

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Issue of mobility is of the greatest concern across the world and is based on end-user requirement. Fast track implementation and innovative schemes are required. Transport innovation can be categorized as<ul><li> Innovations for developing Infrastructure</li><li> Innovations for developing vehicular systems</li></ul>Projects including different urban context require innovative design/construction technique specific to site requirement and improve mobility. The paper deals with innovative design to reduce cost and time and focuses on technology and knowledge fusions. Use of steel-concrete superstructure has now become de rigueur as highly automated fabrication and transport logistics have improved throughout India. Precast segmental construction has been shown to be not only for glamorous and highly visible urban projects such as flyovers, but also for pedestrian subways, that would go typically unnoticed. Only the innovator knows how the innovation came to be that serves the society by reducing implementation duration and allows greater surface mobility. These are some of the items that are described in this paper.It also focuses on innovations that include fast track implementation in transportation sector for infrastructure and with a brief on system. Case study/studies are presented to discuss concept, design and construction in improving Indian urban mobility.

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An Chen, Xin. "Design Guidelines and Strategies for Interim Innovation." In 15th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2024). AHFE International, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1004728.

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This study introduces and explores the concept of 'interim innovation' as a novel category of innovation. While sharing some innovative functions, interim innovations demonstrate a unique ability to overcome traditional innovation resistances. Despite their potential significance, scholarly research on interim innovations remains scarce. Thus, this study aims to identify and analyze the patterns and characteristics of interim innovations, with the ultimate goal of developing comprehensive design guidelines and strategic frameworks for effectively fostering and implementing these innovations.Every year, innovative products with unique or advanced functionalities emerge in the market. However, these innovations often face slow adoption due to significant barriers such as high costs and performance uncertainties, with early benefits typically accruing to consumers in premium markets. Addressing this gap, this study introduces the concept of 'interim innovation.' An interim innovation incorporates innovative functions derived from an emerging product and is specifically designed to function as an accessory for an established mainstream product. For instance, an electric stand-capable desk converter, placed on a regular desk, mimics the functionalities of an electrically height-adjustable standing desk. Similarly, an electrical bike conversion kit can transform a standard bicycle into an electric bike. These interim innovations not only replicate the functions of more advanced products but also offer considerable advantages in reducing resistance to innovation and accelerating market diffusion. Despite their potential impact, academic exploration in this field is limited. This study, therefore, seeks to analyze interim innovations and establish detailed design guidelines and strategic approaches to effectively nurture and implement these innovations.This study adopts a case study methodology to explore the under-researched area of interim innovations, focusing on their patterns and characteristics. Interim innovations are categorized into three distinct groups: electric interim products, non-electric interim products, and exceptions. Each case study involves a comparative analysis between an interim innovation and its corresponding innovation. Employing the framework of innovation diffusion theory, the study analyzes these innovations across seven key characteristics: relative advantage, compatibility, complexity, trialability, observability, perceived risks, and familiarity. The findings from these case studies are then synthesized to develop practical design guidelines and strategic recommendations for interim innovation development.Interim innovations are a strategic approach to product development. This approach involves integrating emerging innovations as compatible add-ons to existing mainstream products. By combining these two, innovative features are created. This makes interim innovations notable for their cost-effectiveness and high compatibility with mainstream products. Additionally, they provide opportunities for promoting sustainability and inclusion. However, there are risks associated with interim innovations, such as a slight reduction in utility compared to the corresponding emerging innovations and concerns with their aesthetic appeal. This study addresses this gap in research by establishing guidelines and strategies for the development of interim innovation products. It emphasizes enhancing their functionality, compatibility, and appeal within the market.

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Guimarães, Rafael Ribeiro, Marcio de Aquino, Fabio Gomes da Silva, and Cléo Adriano da Silva. "Innovation management: Innovations and processes." In VI Seven International Multidisciplinary Congress. Seven Congress, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.56238/sevenvimulti2024-117.

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Innovation management is a topic that has been increasingly addressed in the scientific and management literature over the past 35 years. To innovate is to invent, whether they are ideas, processes, services or technologies, but it can also be the way to organize a company. How should the innovation process be managed to achieve the expected results? The objective of this study is to show how the innovation process can be managed and to understand how to be motivated to achieve success, using the best techniques to increase the quality and efficiency of this process. When the environment changes, organizations cannot adapt. The hypothesis is that if it is understood how to incorporate the innovation process in an organization, through tools and routines, although it has risks and uncertainties, this can have an influence on success.

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Guimarães, Rafael Ribeiro, Marcio de Aquino, Fabio Gomes da Silva, and Cléo Adriano da Silva. "Innovation Management: Innovations and Processes." In II Seven International Education Congress. Seven Congress, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.56238/iieducationcongress-002.

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Innovation management has been a topic increasingly discussed in scientific and management literature over the past 35 years. Innovation means inventing, whether it be ideas, processes, services or technologies, but it can also be a way of organizing a company. How should the innovation process be managed to achieve the expected results? The objective of this study is to show how the innovation process can be managed and to understand how to be motivated to achieve success, using the best techniques to increase the quality and efficiency of this process. When the environment changes, organizations are unable to adapt. The hypothesis is that if it is understood how to incorporate the innovation process into an organization, through tools and routines, despite the risks and uncertainties, this can have an influence on success.

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Narasimhalu, Arcot Desai. "Innovation Stack - Choosing Innovations for Commercialization." In PICMET '07 - 2007 Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering & Technology. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/picmet.2007.4349365.

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Barbušová, Miroslava, Ľuboslav Dulina, Eleonóra Bigošová, and Iveta Rolinčinová. "Innovation Performance in EU and Slovakia." In Průmyslové inženýrství 2020. Západočeská univerzita, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24132/pi.2020.09693.016-023.

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The article focuses on the innovative results of the European Union and Slovakia and their subsequent comparison. In developed economies, innovation is the main driver of achieving the competitiveness of society as well as countries. Achieving the economic development of society and countries requires radical innovations that change habits and have an impact on job creation and regional development. This article helps improve tracking of innovation performance issues.

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Yang, Decheng, Xingwei Sun, Fuquan Cao, and Fengcheng Qu. "Analysis of Innovation, Innovative Thinking and Innovative Methods." In 1st International Conference on Education: Current Issues and Digital Technologies (ICECIDT 2021). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210527.091.

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Gardien, Paul. "Innovating Innovation: introducing the Rapid Co-creation approach to accelerate breakthrough innovation." In European Academy of Design Conference Proceedings 2015. Sheffield Hallam University, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.7190/ead/2015/64.

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Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Innovation"

Klette, Tor Jakob, and Samuel Kortum. Innovating Firms and Aggregate Innovation. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, February 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w8819.

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Clerkin, Cathleen, and Kristen Cullen-Lester. Navigating innovation roadblocks: Key differences between innovative and non-innovation organizations. Center for Creative Leadership, August 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.35613/ccl.2015.1046.

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Crespi, Gustavo, and Ezequiel Tacsir. Effects of Innovation on Employment in Latin America. Inter-American Development Bank, December 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0009072.

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This study examines the impact of process and product innovation on employment growth and composition in Argentina, Chile, Costa Rica, and Uruguay using micro data from innovation surveys. Based on the model put forward by Harrison et al. (1998), employment growth is related to process innovations and to the growth of sales separately due to innovative and unchanged products. Results show that compensation effects are pervasive and that the introduction of new products is associated with employment growth at the firm level. No evidence of displacement effects due to the introduction of product innovations was observed. With respect to the impact of innovation on employment composition, there is scant evidence of a skill bias, although product innovation is more complementary to skilled than to unskilled labor.

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Liu, Ernest, and Song Ma. Innovation Networks and Innovation Policy. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w29607.

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Stucchi, Rodolfo, David Giuliodori, and Sheila De Elejalde. Employment Generation, Firm Size and Innovation: Microeconometric Evidence from Argentina. Inter-American Development Bank, October 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0008968.

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This paper provides evidence about the relationship between innovation and employment in Argentina. In particular, it quantifies the impact of different types of innovations (process or product innovations) on employment growth and skill composition (skilled-unskilled labor) and the impact of different innovation strategies (buy or make) on employment growth, and analyzes whether these impacts depend on firm size or technology intensity. To answer these questions a model proposed in Harrison, Jaumandreu, Mairesse, and Peters (2008) was estimated using an IV approach with data from the Innovation Surveys for Argentina for the period 1998-2001. The results suggest that product innovations have a positive impact on employment growth while process innovations have no significant impact on employment growth. In addition, there is some evidence that product innovations are skill-biased, and that a mixed innovative strategy of make and buy has a larger impact on employment growth than a buy-only strategy. Finally, similar impacts for small firms but differential impacts for low-tech and high-tech sectors were found.

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Navas-Alemán, Lizbeth. Innovation and Competitiveness in Mining Value Chains: The Case of Brazil. Inter-American Development Bank, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003813.

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Mining companies have mirrored other large multinational companies in setting up global value chains (GVCs), sourcing their inputs and services from an ever-larger number of highly capable suppliers in developing countries, such as those in resource-rich Latin America. However, recent empirical studies on the mining GVC in that region suggest that even innovative local suppliers find it difficult to exploit their innovations in local and foreign markets. Using a conceptual framework that combines literature on innovation and GVCs, this study analyzed how global/regional- and firm-level factors interact to explain the acquisition of local suppliers capabilities within Brazils mining industry. The study explored these issues using original data gathered in 2019 and secondary sources from Brazil. The main findings are related to (i) strategies used by domestic suppliers to develop innovative solutions for leading mining companies, (ii) how health and safety concerns spurred innovation after the disasters in Mariana and Brumadinho, (iii) new-to-the-world innovation capabilities among Brazilian suppliers to the mining industry, and (iv) the main barriers to developing innovative practices among domestic suppliers. The authors propose public policies to support major mining companies in acquiring innovations from domestic suppliers to the mining industry. Opportunities such as a Copper Rush in Brazil that could foster further innovations in mining are discussed.

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Ackermann, Mark. Innovation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1771011.

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Acevedo, Sebastián, and Nicolás Dassen. Innovation for Better Management: The Contribution of Public Innovation Labs. Inter-American Development Bank, September 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0010661.

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The technological, economic, and social changes of recent years have required governments to adapt to new challenges and growing demands from civil society. In many countries, and at different levels of government, this has led to the creation of innovation labs that aim to promote policy innovation in diverse ways. This paper analyzes the roles of innovation labs in Latin America, examines their challenges, and compares them to best practices and characteristics that current literature associates with higher levels of innovation in the public sector and in other organizations. Based on a survey of lab directors and the undertaking of two case studies, this paper describes the scope of innovation labs in Latin America and discusses the challenges they face to (i) work on central issues, (ii) achieve the adoption and scale up of their innovations, and (iii) ensure their sustainability. There are four key factors that determine the success of innovation labs in overcoming these challenges: two of these are of a political and institutional nature, namely leadership support and policy networks, while the other two relate to lab methodologies, namely the technical adaptation of their innovations and the building of a shared meaning. Additionally, two major differences have been identified between the innovation labs discussed herein and those of other regions, as described by the existing literature: a greater focus on issues of open government and less rigorous testing of their innovations, such as randomized experimentation and impact evaluation. Lastly, this study provides the relevant conclusions and recommendations on how to establish innovation labs as effective channels to manage innovation in government, along with its in-herent risks, and modernize public administration.

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Zahler, Andrés, Roberto Alvarez, and Claudio Bravo Ortega. Innovation and Productivity in Services: Evidence from Chile. Inter-American Development Bank, December 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0006945.

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This paper analyzes empirically the relationship between innovation and productivity in the Chilean services sector. Consistent with recent evidence on developed countries, we find that services firms are as innovative as firms in the manufacturing industry. In the basic model, we also find that both industries have similar determinants of the investment in innovation and the probability of introducing innovations (products or process), such as size and export status. In several extensions we find similar roles for technological and non-technological innovation in labor productivity and for determinants such as skill intensity and financial restrictions. In general, our evidence suggests that that innovation input and output is associated with improvements in productivity in both sectors. Since we do not find clear-cut differences, it might be the case that even larger efforts need to be done to have better measures of innovation and productivity in the services industries.

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Trajtenberg, Manuel. Innovation Policy for Development: An Overview. Inter-American Development Bank, November 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0006859.

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This presentation on innovation policy development broadens the notion of innovation to include all sorts of "process innovations" and organizational changes. Then it describes innovation and growth in a historical perspective to conclude that innovation policies for development should include much more than just supporting formal R&D projects, more than just in "high tech" sectors. Other topics covered in the presentations include: the economic rationale for government support of innovation and R&D, how to expand spillovers in development economies, key issues in outward vs. locally oriented innovations, general purpose technologies (GPTs), promises and limitations of innovation policies: the case of Israel, how to draw guiding principles for innovation policies, and main levers: skills, incentives, information, finance. This document was presented at the 2005 LAEBA Annual Conference, in Buenos Aires, Argentina

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