Articoli di riviste: "Inflammation digestive"

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Waldum, Helge, e Reidar Fossmark. "Inflammation and Digestive Cancer". International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, n. 17 (31 agosto 2023): 13503. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241713503.

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Chronic inflammation is linked to carcinogenesis, particularly in the digestive organs, i.e., the stomach, colon, and liver. The mechanism of this effect has, however, only partly been focused on. In this review, we focus on different forms of chronic hepatitis, chronic inflammatory bowel disease, and chronic gastritis, conditions predisposing individuals to the development of malignancy. Chronic inflammation may cause malignancy because (1) the cause of the chronic inflammation is itself genotoxic, (2) substances released from the inflammatory cells may be genotoxic, (3) the cell death induced by the inflammation induces a compensatory increase in proliferation with an inherent risk of mutation, (4) changes in cell composition due to inflammation may modify function, resulting in hormonal disturbances affecting cellular proliferation. The present review focuses on chronic gastritis (Helicobacter pylori or autoimmune type) since all four mechanisms may be relevant to this condition. Genotoxicity due to the hepatitis B virus is an important factor in hepatocellular cancer and viral infection can similarly be central in the etiology and malignancy of inflammatory bowel diseases. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is the dominating cause of chronic gastritis and has not been shown to be genotoxic, so its carcinogenic effect is most probably due to the induction of atrophic oxyntic gastritis leading to hypergastrinemia.

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Sumantran, Venil N., e Girish Tillu. "Cancer, Inflammation, and Insights from Ayurveda". Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2012 (2012): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/306346.

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A recent, exciting discovery relates to the concept of “shared pathology” between cancer and metabolic syndrome. One major pathway common to cancer and metabolic syndrome is chronic inflammation, which is a major driving force in carcinogenesis. Indeed, chronic inflammation precedes most cancers and is considered a “hallmark” of the neoplastic process. We discuss molecular and biochemical evidence which links diet, obesity, abnormal lipid metabolism, and type 2 diabetes mellitus with chronic inflammation. We also explain how each of these factors is linked with biochemical aberrations of carcinogenesis and the prevalence and risk of cancer. While there are reliable biomarkers for chronic inflammation, there are few markers for a mechanistic link between early inflammation and digestive disorders. Discovery of such a marker could lead to identification of a new subtype of patients with digestive disorders that predispose them to cancer and/or metabolic syndrome. In this context, we discuss the ayurvedic concept of “Ama” which is thought to be a toxic, proinflammatory waste-product of improper digestion. We then develop hypotheses and outline preclinical and clinical experiments designed to prove whether “Ama” can serve as a novel and reliable biomarker that links abnormal digestive status, with the onset of chronic inflammation.

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Mariaule, Vincent, Aicha Kriaa, Souha Soussou, Soufien Rhimi, Houda Boudaya, Juan Hernandez, Emmanuelle Maguin, Adam Lesner e Moez Rhimi. "Digestive Inflammation: Role of Proteolytic Dysregulation". International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, n. 6 (10 marzo 2021): 2817. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22062817.

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Dysregulation of the proteolytic balance is often associated with diseases. Serine proteases and matrix metalloproteases are involved in a multitude of biological processes and notably in the inflammatory response. Within the framework of digestive inflammation, several studies have stressed the role of serine proteases and matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) as key actors in its pathogenesis and pointed to the unbalance between these proteases and their respective inhibitors. Substantial efforts have been made in developing new inhibitors, some of which have reached clinical trial phases, notwithstanding that unwanted side effects remain a major issue. However, studies on the proteolytic imbalance and inhibitors conception are directed toward host serine/MMPs proteases revealing a hitherto overlooked factor, the potential contribution of their bacterial counterpart. In this review, we highlight the role of proteolytic imbalance in human digestive inflammation focusing on serine proteases and MMPs and their respective inhibitors considering both host and bacterial origin.

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Balogun, Olugbenga, Cindi R. Brownmiller, Sun-Ok Lee e Hye Won Kang. "Onion Peel Extract Prevents Intestinal Inflammation via AMK-Activated Protein Kinase Activation in Caco-2/HT-29 Cells". Nutrients 16, n. 21 (24 ottobre 2024): 3609. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu16213609.

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Background: Obesogenic diets cause intestinal inflammation and dysfunction. Polyphenols have shown a positive impact on reducing inflammation in in vitro studies. However, their bioactivity may not be the same in the in vivo system due to structural alteration by the gastrointestinal digestive process. The purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of onion peel and its major bioactive compound, quercetin, in the intestine and further examine the impact of intestinal digestion on this effect. Methods: Onion peel extract (OPE) and quercetin (Q) were digested using gastrointestinal digestive enzymes in vitro and then treated into lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated Caco-2/HT-29 cells. Genes and proteins related to tight junction, inflammation, and epithelial integrity were measured. Results: OPE and digested OPE (DOPE) had a higher protective effect on LPS-induced tight junction and inflammatory genes and paracellular permeability than Q and digested Q (DQ). DOPE was more effective than OPE, while digestion did not change the activity of Q. The anti-inflammatory effect of OPE and Q with or without digestion was achieved by inhibiting nuclear factor kappa B through AMP-activated protein kinase-activated silent mating-type information regulation 2 homolog 1. Conclusions: It was the first to find that a crude extract, after undergoing gastrointestinal digestion, demonstrated a notably superior anti-inflammatory effect in the cell study, suggesting the consumption of onion peels could potentially yield similar benefits in the human intestine. This discovery underscores the potential of onion peel polyphenols in combating intestinal inflammation, making them a compelling area of research for future therapeutic applications using food byproducts.

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Bourée, Patrice, e Aurélia Lançon. "Blastocystis, pathogène ou simple “indicateur” d’une inflammation digestive ?" Option/Bio 19, n. 398 (aprile 2008): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0992-5945(08)70098-9.

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Couvineau, Alain, e Cécile Haumaitre. "Special Issue: “Digestive Inflammation and New Therapeutical Targets”". International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, n. 8 (15 aprile 2024): 4361. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms25084361.

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Nakanishi, Risa, Takahiro Shimizu, Ken Kumagai, Atsushi Takai e Hiroyuki Marusawa. "Genetic Pathogenesis of Inflammation-Associated Cancers in Digestive Organs". Pathogens 10, n. 4 (9 aprile 2021): 453. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10040453.

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Epidemiological, clinical, and biological studies convincingly demonstrate that chronic inflammation predisposes to the development of human cancers. In digestive organs, inflammation-associated cancers include colitis-associated colorectal cancers, Helicobacter pylori-associated gastric cancer, as well as Barrett’s esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma associated with chronic duodenogastric-esophageal reflux. Cancer is a genomic disease, and stepwise accumulation of genetic and epigenetic alterations of tumor-related genes leads to the development of tumor cells. Recent genome analyses show that genetic alterations, which are evoked by inflammation, are latently accumulated in inflamed epithelial cells of digestive organs. Production of reactive oxygen and aberrant expression of activation-induced cytidine deaminase, a nucleotide-editing enzyme, could be induced in inflamed gastrointestinal epithelial cells and play a role as a genomic modulator of inflammation-associated carcinogenesis. Understanding the molecular linkage between inflammation and genetic alterations will open up a new field of tumor biology and provide a novel strategy for the prevention of inflammation-associated tumorigenesis.

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Bulgakov, S. A., G. M. Chernakova, E. A. Kleshcheva e S. V. Simonova. "Comorbid Inflammatory Diseases of Digestive System and Eye". Ophthalmology in Russia 18, n. 1 (4 aprile 2021): 20–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.18008/1816-5095-2021-1-20-29.

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Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis are chronic inflammatory bowel diseases, which are often accompanied by inflammation of other organs. This article presents modern data on etiology, pathogenesis and clinical course of inflammatory bowel diseases, as well as information on extraintestinal eye manifestations of nonspecific ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease. The role of microbiota, genetic factors, immune system defects in pathogenesis of intestinal inflammation and extraintestinal eye manifestations is considered. The possibility the development of ophthalmopathology not only against the background of intestinal inflammation, but also as a consequence of therapeutic and surgical methods of treatment of ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease is noted. The peculiarities of the course of episcleritis/scleritis, keratitis, uveitis, chorioretinitis, optical neuritis for patients with inflammatory bowel diseases are considered. The presence of these complications may reflect the activity of the underlying disease, which in some cases requires correction of therapy. Anterior uveitis and episcleritis/scleritis are the most common extraintestinal manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease. Inflammation of tissues of the posterior segment of the eye and optic nerve against the background of ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease are less common, but are of clinical importance, as they can catastrophically damage the structures of the eye and, as a consequence, lead to complete blindness. Considering the possibility of mild clinical symptoms and asymptomatic course of inflammation in the eye envelopes, the importance of ophthalmological examination of all patients with ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease is emphasized. Aspects of modern therapy of ophthalmopathology and background intestinal inflammation are highlighted. Biological preparations — antagonists of pro-inflammatory cytokines — have been identified as the most promising in the treatment of inflammatory intestinal diseases and extraintestinal manifestations. The important role of proper nutrition and biologically active supplements containing omega-3 fatty acids, vitamin D, microelements, was noted as auxiliary therapy of both intestinal and extraintestinal inflammation.

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YRKM, Sai. "Understanding pancreatic disorders: Acute and chronic pancreatitis, pancreatic cancer and diabetes: A mini-review on a few of the most common pancreatic disorders". Annals of Pancreatic Disorders and Treatment 6, n. 1 (29 giugno 2024): 006–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.17352/apdt.000012.

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This mini-review provides an overview of pancreatic disorders, including acute and chronic pancreatitis, pancreatic cancer, and diabetes. The pancreas plays a crucial role in the digestive and endocrine systems of the body, producing enzymes that aid digestion and hormones that regulate blood sugar levels. Acute pancreatitis is a sudden and severe inflammation of the pancreas, often caused by gallstones or excessive alcohol consumption, and requires hospitalization, pain management, and intravenous fluids to support the pancreas. Chronic pancreatitis is a long-term inflammation of the pancreas that may lead to permanent damage and impairment of digestive function. Pancreatic cancer is a malignant tumor that forms in the pancreas and is often difficult to detect and diagnose in its early stages. Treatment for pancreatic cancer may include surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy, depending on the type and stage of the cancer. Diabetes is a metabolic disorder that affects the body’s ability to produce or use insulin, and there are two main types of diabetes: type 1 and type 2. Type 1 diabetes is usually diagnosed in children and young adults and requires lifelong insulin therapy, while type 2 diabetes can often be managed with lifestyle modifications and medication.

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Chang, Ming-Ling, Zinger Yang e Sien-Sing Yang. "Roles of Adipokines in Digestive Diseases: Markers of Inflammation, Metabolic Alteration and Disease Progression". International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, n. 21 (5 novembre 2020): 8308. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21218308.

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Adipose tissue is a highly dynamic endocrine tissue and constitutes a central node in the interorgan crosstalk network through adipokines, which cause pleiotropic effects, including the modulation of angiogenesis, metabolism, and inflammation. Specifically, digestive cancers grow anatomically near adipose tissue. During their interaction with cancer cells, adipocytes are reprogrammed into cancer-associated adipocytes and secrete adipokines to affect tumor cells. Moreover, the liver is the central metabolic hub. Adipose tissue and the liver cooperatively regulate whole-body energy homeostasis via adipokines. Obesity, the excessive accumulation of adipose tissue due to hyperplasia and hypertrophy, is currently considered a global epidemic and is related to low-grade systemic inflammation characterized by altered adipokine regulation. Obesity-related digestive diseases, including gastroesophageal reflux disease, Barrett’s esophagus, esophageal cancer, colon polyps and cancer, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, viral hepatitis-related diseases, cholelithiasis, gallbladder cancer, cholangiocarcinoma, pancreatic cancer, and diabetes, might cause specific alterations in adipokine profiles. These patterns and associated bases potentially contribute to the identification of prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic approaches for the associated digestive diseases. This review highlights important findings about altered adipokine profiles relevant to digestive diseases, including hepatic, pancreatic, gastrointestinal, and biliary tract diseases, with a perspective on clinical implications and mechanistic explorations.

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Jawhara, Samir. "How Gut Bacterial Dysbiosis Can Promote Candida albicans Overgrowth during Colonic Inflammation". Microorganisms 10, n. 5 (12 maggio 2022): 1014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10051014.

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Candida albicans is a commensal opportunistic yeast, which is capable of colonising many segments of the human digestive tract. Excessive C. albicans overgrowth in the gut is associated with multiple risk factors such as immunosuppression, antibiotic treatment associated with changes to the gut microbiota and digestive mucosa that support C. albicans translocation across the digestive intestinal barrier and haematogenous dissemination, leading to invasive fungal infections. The C. albicans cell wall contains mannoproteins, β-glucans, and chitin, which are known to trigger a wide range of host cell activities and to circulate in the blood during fungal infection. This review describes the role of C. albicans in colonic inflammation and how various receptors are involved in the immune defence against C. albicans with a special focus on the role of mannose-binding lectin (MBL) and TLRs in intestinal homeostasis and C. albicans sensing. This review highlights gut microbiota dysbiosis during colonic inflammation in a dextran sulphate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis murine model and the effect of fungal glycan fractions, in particular β-glucans and chitin, on the modification of the gut microbiota, as well as how these glycans modulate the immuno-inflammatory response of the host.

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Oliveira, Andreia, Alexandre Lobo-da-Cunha, Marcos Taveira, Marta Ferreira, Patrícia Valentão e Paula Andrade. "Digestive Gland from Aplysia depilans Gmelin: Leads for Inflammation Treatment". Molecules 20, n. 9 (28 agosto 2015): 15766–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules200915766.

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Dallocchio, A., D. Canioni, F. Ruemmele, J. Languepin, J. Jacques, A. Duquesne, P. Quartier e B. Bader-Meunier. "CL171 - Inflammation digestive et etanercept : série de sept cas pédiatriques". Archives de Pédiatrie 17, n. 6 (giugno 2010): 46–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0929-693x(10)70388-2.

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Ashktorab, Hassan, Akbar Soleimani, Gulshan Singh, Amin Amr, Solmaz Tabtabaei, Giovanni Latella, Ulrike Stein et al. "Saffron: The Golden Spice with Therapeutic Properties on Digestive Diseases". Nutrients 11, n. 5 (26 aprile 2019): 943. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11050943.

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Saffron is a natural compound that has been used for centuries in many parts of the world as a food colorant and additive. It was shown to have the ability to mitigate various disorders through its known anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties. Several studies have shown the effectiveness of saffron in the treatment of various chronic diseases like inflammatory bowel diseases, Alzheimer’s, rheumatoid arthritis as well as common malignancies of the colon, stomach, lung, breast, and skin. Modern day drugs generally have unwanted side effects, which led to the current trend to use naturally occurring products with therapeutic properties. In the present review, the objective is to systematically analyze the wealth of information regarding the potential mechanisms of action and the medical use of saffron, the “golden spice”, especially in digestive diseases. We summarized saffron influence on microbiome, molecular pathways, and inflammation in gastric, colon, liver cancers, and associated inflammations.

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Gündüz, Ercan, Recep Dursun, Mustafa İçer, Yılmaz Zengin e Cahfer Güloğlu. "Acute Pancreatitis and Splenic Vein Thrombosis due to Hypertriglyceridemia". Case Reports in Gastrointestinal Medicine 2015 (2015): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/729510.

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Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a condition characterised by the activation of the normally inactive digestive enzymes due to an etiological factor and digestion of the pancreatic tissues, resulting in extensive inflammation and leading to local, regional, and systemic complications in the organism. It may vary from the mild edematous to the hemorrhagic and severely necrotising form. The most common causes are biliary stones and alcohol abuse. In this case study, we would like to present a patient with AP due to hypertriglyceridemia (HPTG), which is a rare cause of pancreatitis, and splenic vein thrombosis, which is a rare complication of pancreatitis.

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Jizhong, Song, Wang Qiaomin, Wang Chao e Li Yanqing. "Corticotropin-Releasing Factor and Toll-Like Receptor Gene Expression Is Associated with Low-Grade Inflammation in Irritable Bowel Syndrome Patients with Depression". Gastroenterology Research and Practice 2016 (2016): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/7394924.

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The mechanism of low-grade inflammation in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is unclear; our research concentrates on the involvement of the corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) and Toll-like receptor (TLR) gene expression in the process of low-grade inflammation in IBS patients with depression. This study suggests more IBS patients are presenting with the states of depression and anxiety. IBS patients with depression have shown a lower grade inflammatory response and an imbalance of the inflammatory response. CRF1, CRF2, TLR2, and TLR4 in IBS patients with depression are significantly higher than those without depression and controls. Thus, activation of the CRF-TLR associated pathways produces an inflammatory reaction, which can concurrently affect the digestive tract and the CNS and induce the corresponding digestive and psychiatric symptoms.

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Wang, Tie-Gong, Liang Tian, Xiao-Ling Zhang, Lei Zhang, Xiu-Lei Zhao e De-Shuai Kong. "Gradient inflammation in the pancreatic stump after pancreaticoduodenectomy: Two case reports and review of literature". World Journal of Clinical Cases 12, n. 9 (26 marzo 2024): 1649–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.12998/wjcc.v12.i9.1649.

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BACKGROUND Postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) contributes significantly to morbidity and mortality after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD). However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study explored this pathology in the pancreatic stumps and elucidated the mechanisms of POPF following PD. CASE SUMMARY Pathological analysis and 16S rRNA gene sequencing were performed on specimens obtained from two patients who underwent complete pancreatectomy for grade C POPF after PD. Gradient inflammation is present in the pancreatic stump. The apoptosis was lower than that in the normal pancreas. Moreover, neutrophil-dominated inflammatory cells are concentrated in the ductal system. Notably, neutrophils migrated through the ductal wall in acinar duct metaplasia-formed ducts. Additionally, evidence indicates that gut microbes migrate from the digestive tract. Gradient inflammation occurs in pancreatic stumps after PD. CONCLUSION The mechanisms underlying POPF include high biochemical activity in the pancreas, mechanical injury, and digestive reflux. To prevent POPF and address pancreatic inflammation and reflux, breaking the link with anastomotic dehiscence is practical.

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Carvalho, Alexandre, Jacky Lu, Jamisha D. Francis, Rebecca E. Moore, Kathryn P. Haley, Ryan S. Doster, Steven D. Townsend, Jeremiah G. Johnson, Steven M. Damo e Jennifer A. Gaddy. "S100A12 in Digestive Diseases and Health: A Scoping Review". Gastroenterology Research and Practice 2020 (26 febbraio 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/2868373.

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Calgranulin proteins are an important class of molecules involved in innate immunity. These members of the S100 class of the EF-hand family of calcium-binding proteins have numerous cellular and antimicrobial functions. One protein in particular, S100A12 (also called EN-RAGE or calgranulin C), is highly abundant in neutrophils during acute inflammation and has been implicated in immune regulation. Structure-function analyses reveal that S100A12 has the capacity to bind calcium, zinc, and copper, processes that contribute to nutritional immunity against invading microbial pathogens. S100A12 is a ligand for the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), and CD36, which promote cellular and immunological pathways to alter inflammation. We conducted a scoping review of the existing literature to define what is known about the association of S100A12 with digestive disease and health. Results suggest that S100A12 is implicated in gastroenteritis, necrotizing enterocolitis, gastritis, gastric cancer, Crohn’s disease, irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, and digestive tract cancers. Together, these results reveal S100A12 is an important molecule broadly associated with the pathogenesis of digestive diseases.

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Zhukov, A. I., A. I. Yatusevich, A. M. Saroka e I. P. Zakharchenko. "PATHOMORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN TURKEYS UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF PARASITOCENOSIS OF HETERAKIS AND HISTOMONAS". Transactions of the educational establishment “Vitebsk the Order of “the Badge of Honor” State Academy of Veterinary Medicine 57, n. 1 (2021): 28–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.52368/2078-0109-2021-57-1-28-34.

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The article presents data on pathomorphological changes of the digestive organs in the associative course of heterakidosis and histomoniasis in turkeys. Changes in the liver were observed in 57.1% of cases: protein and fatty dystrophy, hepatocyte necrosis. The cеcal lesions were observed in 100% of cases, mainly fibrinous inflammation. In other parts of the intestinal tract – acute catarrhal inflammation.

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Chumasov, E. I., E. S. Petrova, V. B. Samedov, E. A. Kolos e D. E. Korzhevskii. "Immunohistochemical markers to study the digestive organs". CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MORPHOLOGY 11, n. 4 (2022): 70–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.31088/cem2022.11.4.70-84.

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Introduction. To select an appropriate and informative histological method is a very important step in morphological analysis of the digestive organs, one of them being immunohistochemistry. The aim of this paper was to highlight the most effective immunohistochemical markers in addition to the well-known markers used in pathological diagnosis. Materials and methods. We studied sections of the intestine and pancreas of Wistar rats (n=20) and fragments of the human colon obtained during resection surgeries (n=4). We described and analyzed the results of immunohistochemical studies with neuronal and glial marker antibodies and inflammatory cells antibodies. Results. Neural (PGP 9.5 protein, tyrosine hydroxylase, synaptophysin, and serotonin) and glial markers (glial fibrillar acidic protein and S100 protein) enable for identifying all of the nervous structures in the murine digestive system such as neurons, nerve trunks and bundles, nerve plexuses, and terminals. Macrophage markers (CD68, Iba1) and mast cell marker (mast cell tryptase) can be applied to study the inflammatory process in the intestinal tissue. We described the key features of primary antibodies and fixative agents used in histopathology. Conclusion. We have shown that the described method is a promising assessment technique for histological studies of the intestine and pancreas pathologies. It can be used in diagnosing conditions associated with inflammation and neurodegeneration. Keywords: duodenum, colon, pancreas, rat, human, innervation, inflammation, immunohistochemistry

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Georgescu, Doina, Mircea Stefan Iurciuc, Izabella Petre, Liviu Andrei Georgescu, Florin Szasz, Ioana Ionita, Oana Elena Ancusa, Mihai Ionita e Daniel Lighezan. "Chronic Pelvic Pain and Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Is Subclinical Inflammation Bridging the Gap?" Revista de Chimie 70, n. 10 (15 novembre 2019): 3634–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/rc.19.10.7611.

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Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is characterized by a multitude of symptoms digestive and extra- digestive that need at some point a multidisciplinary approach. This study aimed at profiling IBS associated with chronic pelvic pain (CPP) in young females. A cross sectional observatory study on 40 consecutive young female patients (under 45 years) with IBS (Rome III) was performed. Patients were assigned in two groups, as matched pairs, based on the presence of chronic pelvic pain (CPP) symptoms: cystalgia, urinary urge and dyspareunia: CPP(+) vs. CPP(-) and undertook clinical examinations with special protocols related to migraine disability, fibromyalgia, temporo-mandibular joint dysfunction, as well as assessment of anxiety and severity of abdominal pain. Laboratory work-up (blood, urine and stool) as well as multiple exams: digestive endoscopy, abdominal and pelvic ultrasound//CT were performed. Results: CPP (+) group displayed higher CRP, TNF-alpha, gut dysbiosis (DB) and abdominal pain severity, as well as associated fibromyalgia, migraine and anxiety mood disorder. DB positively correlated with inflammatory markers and symptoms characterizing CPP. In conclusion, young female IBS patients with concurrent CPP symptoms often experienced other associated functional pain conditions like FM and migraine along with anxiety, more severe abdominal complaints as well as higher gut DB and consecutively subclinical pro-inflammatory status. Strong positive correlations of gut DB to inflammatory markers as well as to CPP symptoms give the relationship IBS-CPP a new perspective.

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Popova-Dobreva, D. "THERAPEUTIC USE OF LAVENDER OIL". Trakia Journal of Sciences 21, Suppl. 1 (2023): 30–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.15547/tjs.2023.s.01.006.

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PURPOSE To establish the scientific directions of lavender oil research and its therapeutic use. METHODS An analysis was made of the available methodological literature in the medical database PubMed related to Lavender oil. Known empirical therapeutic uses of lavender oil are Relaxation and stress relief. Lavender oil is known for its calming properties, which can help promote relaxation and reduce stress and anxiety; Pain relief: Lavender oil has analgesic properties, which means it can help relieve pain. Skincare: Lavender oil has antiseptic and anti-inflammatory properties, which can help soothe and heal minor skin irritations like acne, insect bites, and minor burns; Respiratory support: Digestive health: Lavender oil may also help support digestive health by reducing inflammation in the gut and promoting healthy digestion. RESULTS 501 scientific studies with Lavender oil were found in the medical database PubMed. This publication analyzes the directions of scientific studies. CONCLUSIONS Lavender oil is a popular essential oil that has been used for centuries for its therapeutic properties. A significant part of scientific research is aimed at proving empirically known therapeutic applications.

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Popova-Dobreva, D. "THERAPEUTIC USE OF LAVENDER OIL". Trakia Journal of Sciences 21, Suppl. 1 (2023): 30–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.15547/10.15547/tjs.2023.s.01.006.

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ABSTRACT PURPOSE To establish the scientific directions of lavender oil research and its therapeutic use. METHODS An analysis was made of the available methodological literature in the medical database PubMed related to Lavender oil. Known empirical therapeutic uses of lavender oil are Relaxation and stress relief. Lavender oil is known for its calming properties, which can help promote relaxation and reduce stress and anxiety; Pain relief: Lavender oil has analgesic properties, which means it can help relieve pain. Skincare: Lavender oil has antiseptic and anti-inflammatory properties, which can help soothe and heal minor skin irritations like acne, insect bites, and minor burns; Respiratory support: Digestive health: Lavender oil may also help support digestive health by reducing inflammation in the gut and promoting healthy digestion. RESULTS 501 scientific studies with Lavender oil were found in the medical database PubMed. This publication analyzes the directions of scientific studies. CONCLUSIONS Lavender oil is a popular essential oil that has been used for centuries for its therapeutic properties. A significant part of scientific research is aimed at proving empirically known therapeutic applications.

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Ripoche, J. "Blood platelets and inflammation: Their relationship with liver and digestive diseases". Clinics and Research in Hepatology and Gastroenterology 35, n. 5 (maggio 2011): 353–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clinre.2011.02.012.

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Werner, Jonathan A., Katsu Ishida, John Wisler, Christine Karbowski, Jackson Kalanzi, Jeanine Bussiere e Thomas M. Monticello. "Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase δ Inhibitor-Induced Immunomodulation and Secondary Opportunistic Infection in the Cynomolgus Monkey (Macaca fascicularis)". Toxicologic Pathology 48, n. 8 (28 novembre 2020): 949–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0192623320966238.

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Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases (PI3Ks) regulate intracellular signaling events for multiple cell surface receptors. Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase δ, 1 of 4 class I PI3K isoforms, is primarily found in leukocytes and regulates immune cell functions. Here, we report changes in the immune and digestive systems that were associated with AMG2519493, a highly selective small-molecule PI3Kδ inhibitor. Following 1- or 3-month oral repeat dosing in the cynomolgus monkey, changes were observed in circulating B cells, lymphoid tissues (spleen, lymph nodes, gut-associated lymphoid tissue, tonsil), and the digestive tract. Decreased circulating B cells and lymphoid cellularity in B cell-rich zones in lymphoid tissues were attributed to the intended pharmacologic activity of AMG2519493. Dose- and duration-dependent digestive system toxicity was characterized by inflammation in the large intestine and secondary opportunistic infections restricted to the digestive tract. Digestive tract changes were associated with moribundity and mortality at high-dose levels, and the effect level decreased with increased duration of exposure. These observations demonstrate the role of PI3Kδ in regulation of the immune system and of host resistance to opportunistic infections of the digestive tract.

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Kumaran, T., e B. Jeba Josilin. "Harnessing Ginger’s Healing Power: A Natural Remedy for Gastrointestinal Inflammation, Revitalizing Digestive Health". Journal of Nursing Research,Patient Safety and Practise, n. 46 (19 novembre 2024): 13–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.55529/jnrpsp.46.13.21.

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This paper explores the anti-inflammatory of ginger, emphasizing its role in managing gastrointestinal conditions such as inflammatory disease and gastritis. Active compounds in ginger, including gingerols and shogaols, are shown to inhibit key inflammatory pathways, reduce oxidative stress, and modulate gut microbiota, which collectively contribute to alleviating symptoms like abdominal pain, bloating and nausea. Clinical trials have further supported the beneficial effects of ginger in enhancing digestive enzyme activity and improving gastric motility, making it a valuable natural remedy for gastrointestinal discomfort. Overall, ginger's ability to modulate both inflammation and oxidative stress positions it as a promising adjunct or alternative treatment for gastrointestinal disorders. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the current evidence supporting ginger's therapeutic potential and suggests areas for future research to fully elucidate its mechanisms of action and clinical applications in digestive health.

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Shortridge, Colin, Ehsan Akbari Fakhrabadi, Leah M. Wuescher, Randall G. Worth, Matthew W. Liberatore e Eda Yildirim-Ayan. "Impact of Digestive Inflammatory Environment and Genipin Crosslinking on Immunomodulatory Capacity of Injectable Musculoskeletal Tissue Scaffold". International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, n. 3 (24 gennaio 2021): 1134. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22031134.

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The paracrine and autocrine processes of the host response play an integral role in the success of scaffold-based tissue regeneration. Recently, the immunomodulatory scaffolds have received huge attention for modulating inflammation around the host tissue through releasing anti-inflammatory cytokine. However, controlling the inflammation and providing a sustained release of anti-inflammatory cytokine from the scaffold in the digestive inflammatory environment are predicated upon a comprehensive understanding of three fundamental questions. (1) How does the release rate of cytokine from the scaffold change in the digestive inflammatory environment? (2) Can we prevent the premature scaffold degradation and burst release of the loaded cytokine in the digestive inflammatory environment? (3) How does the scaffold degradation prevention technique affect the immunomodulatory capacity of the scaffold? This study investigated the impacts of the digestive inflammatory environment on scaffold degradation and how pre-mature degradation can be prevented using genipin crosslinking and how genipin crosslinking affects the interleukin-4 (IL-4) release from the scaffold and differentiation of naïve macrophages (M0). Our results demonstrated that the digestive inflammatory environment (DIE) attenuates protein retention within the scaffold. Over 14 days, the encapsulated protein released 46% more in DIE than in phosphate buffer saline (PBS), which was improved through genipin crosslinking. We have identified the 0.5 (w/v) genipin concentration as an optimal concentration for improved IL-4 released from the scaffold, cell viability, mechanical strength, and scaffold porosity, and immunomodulation studies. The IL-4 released from the injectable scaffold could differentiate naïve macrophages to an anti-inflammatory (M2) lineage; however, upon genipin crosslinking, the immunomodulatory capacity of the scaffold diminished significantly, and pro-inflammatory markers were expressed dominantly.

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Memon, Azra, Bae Yong Kim, Se-eun Kim, Yuliya Pyao, Yeong-Geun Lee, Se Chan Kang e Woon Kyu Lee. "Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Phytoncide in an Animal Model of Gastrointestinal Inflammation". Molecules 26, n. 7 (26 marzo 2021): 1895. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26071895.

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Background: Phytoncide is known to have antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties. Purpose: This study was carried out to confirm the anti-inflammatory activity of two types of phytoncide extracts from pinecone waste. Methods: We made two types of animal models to evaluate the efficacy, an indomethacin-induced gastroenteritis rat model and a dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis mouse model. Result: In the gastroenteritis experiment, the expression of induced-nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), a marker for inflammation, decreased in the phytoncide-supplemented groups, and gastric ulcer development was significantly inhibited (p < 0.05). In the colitis experiment, the shortening of the colon length and the iNOS expression were significantly suppressed in the phytoncide-supplemented group (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Through this study, we confirmed that phytoncide can directly inhibit inflammation in digestive organs. Although further research is needed, we conclude that phytoncide has potential anti-inflammatory properties in the digestive tract and can be developed as a functional agent.

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Saviano, Angela, Marcello Candelli, Christian Zanza, Andrea Piccioni, Alessio Migneco e Veronica Ojetti. "Gastrointestinal Involvement in Extra-Digestive Disease: Which Is the Role of Fecal Calprotectin?" Medicina 58, n. 10 (2 ottobre 2022): 1384. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina58101384.

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Fecal calprotectin (FC) is a very sensitive marker of inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. Its clinical utility can be appreciated in both intestinal and extraintestinal diseases. Recent evidence suggests a link between intestinal inflammation and dermatological, rheumatic and neurological diseases. This review focuses on the role of FC in non-gastrointestinal disease, such as rheumatic, dermatologic, neurologic and last but not least SARS-CoV-2 infection.

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Semelka, Richard C., e Miguel Ramalho. "Abnormal enhancement of the diseased upper digestive tract shown on MRI". International Journal of Radiology & Radiation Therapy 11, n. 5 (4 ottobre 2024): 137–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/ijrrt.2024.11.00401.

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This review article describes the imaging techniques, interpretation, and findings of inflammatory changes in the upper digestive tract, including the distal esophagus, stomach, duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. These are the least understood of all abdominal imaging observations and, hence, rarely described in reports. Upper digestive tract imaging findings are poorly understood at present. An illustration of inflammation of all these segments is reported herein. MRI is the optimal technique for studying Leaky Gut, Irritable Bowel Syndrome, and Splanchnic Metabolic Syndrome. This opens new avenues of research and clinical interpretation.

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Zheng, Jiachen, Ming Zhao, Jiahui Li, Guoying Lou, Yanyan Yuan, Shizhong Bu e Yang Xi. "Obesity-associated digestive cancers: A review of mechanisms and interventions". Tumor Biology 39, n. 3 (marzo 2017): 101042831769502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1010428317695020.

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The prevalence of obesity has steadily increased over the past few decades. Previous studies suggest that obesity is an oncogenic factor and that over 20% of all cancers are obesity-related. Among such cancers, digestive system malignancies (including esophageal adenocarcinomas, colorectal cancers, and cancers of the gastric cardia, liver, and pancreas) are reported most frequently. While the 5-year survival rates of cancers of the breast and prostate are 90%, that rate is only 45% for digestive cancers. In this review, the mechanisms of obesity-associated digestive cancers are discussed, with an emphasis on obesity-related gene mutations, insulin and insulin-like growth factor signaling pathways, chronic inflammation, and altered adipokine levels. Evidence that these factors often function interdependently rather than independently in carcinogenesis is presented. Recommended interventions that may reduce the burden of obesity-associated digestive cancers, such as participation in physical activity, diet modulation, and calorie restriction, are also described.

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Wu, Zunan, Shuai Peng, Wensha Huang, Yuling Zhang, Yashi Liu, Xiaoyun Yu e Lei Shen. "The Role and Function of TRPM8 in the Digestive System". Biomolecules 14, n. 7 (21 luglio 2024): 877. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom14070877.

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Transient receptor potential (TRP) melastatin member 8 (TRPM8) is a non-selective cation channel that can be activated by low temperatures (8–26 °C), cooling agents (including menthol analogs such as menthol, icilin, and WS-12), voltage, and extracellular osmotic pressure changes. TRPM8 expression has been identified in the digestive system by several research teams, demonstrating its significant involvement in tissue function and pathologies of the digestive system. Specifically, studies have implicated TRPM8 in various physiological and pathological processes of the esophagus, stomach, colorectal region, liver, and pancreas. This paper aims to comprehensively outline the distinct role of TRPM8 in different organs of the digestive system, offering insights for future mechanistic investigations of TRPM8. Additionally, it presents potential therapeutic targets for treating conditions such as digestive tract inflammation, tumors, sensory and functional disorders, and other related diseases. Furthermore, this paper addresses the limitations of existing studies and highlights the research prospects associated with TRPM8.

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Esrefoglu, Mukaddes. "Harnessing autophagy: A potential breakthrough in digestive disease treatment". World Journal of Gastroenterology 30, n. 24 (28 giugno 2024): 3036–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v30.i24.3036.

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Autophagy, a conserved cellular degradation process, is crucial for various cellular processes such as immune responses, inflammation, metabolic and oxidative stress adaptation, cell proliferation, development, and tissue repair and remodeling. Dysregulation of autophagy is suspected in numerous diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, digestive disorders, metabolic syndromes, and infectious and inflammatory diseases. If autophagy is disrupted, for example, this can have serious consequences and lead to chronic inflammation and tissue damage, as occurs in diseases such as Chron's disease and ulcerative colitis. On the other hand, the influence of autophagy on the development and progression of cancer is not clear. Autophagy can both suppress and promote the progression and metastasis of cancer at various stages. From inflammatory bowel diseases to gastrointestinal cancer, researchers are discovering the intricate role of autophagy in maintaining gut health and its potential as a therapeutic target. Researchers should carefully consider the nature and progression of diseases such as cancer when trying to determine whether inhibiting or stimulating autophagy is likely to be beneficial. Multidisciplinary approaches that combine cutting-edge research with clinical expertise are key to unlocking the full therapeutic potential of autophagy in digestive diseases.

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Li, Jing, Justin Jacobse, Jeremy Allen Goettel e Mary Kay Washington. "ILC3s restrict intestinal inflammation via IL-10 production." Journal of Immunology 210, n. 1_Supplement (1 maggio 2023): 228.11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.210.supp.228.11.

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Abstract In this study, we investigated the role of IL-10 production by group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) in regulating intestinal immunity. Prior work has established the importance of IL-10 as well as ILC3s in promoting immune homeostasis in the gut. However, the requirement of IL-10 in ILC3s for homeostasis remains unknown. We examined an ILC3 focused cluster in a publicly available single-cell RNA sequencing dataset from patients with ileal Crohn’s disease and detected ILC3s expressing IL10. We then developed Rag1−/−; Il10GFP; Rosa26lsltdTomato; RorcCremice and injected them with PBS or anti-CD40 to induce intestinal inflammation and determine if putative ILC3s expressed IL-10. IL-10 was significantly upregulated following treatment with anti-CD40 7 days following disease initiation. To assess whether ILC3 production of IL-10 played a functional role, we targeted IL-10 specifically in ILC3s by generating Rag1−/−; Il10flox/flox; Rosa26lsl−tdTomato; RorcCre(Il10ΔILC3) mice. Il10ΔILC3mice displayed significantly worse colitis induced by anti-CD40 that was attributed to an increase in Ly6C hiMHCII hiintestinal macrophages (Mϕ) at baseline. Given the alterations in the phenotype of intestinal Mϕ, we examined whether unfractionated wild-type CD4 +T cells would be sufficient to cause colitis when transferred to Il10ΔILC3mice despite the presence of regulatory T cells. Mice were monitored weekly for weight loss and colons harvested for histology at 8 weeks. While IL-10-sufficient littermate controls did not develop inflammation as expected, Il10ΔILC3mice developed severe colitis. Collectively, our findings identify an essential role for IL-10 production by ILC3s to maintain intestinal immune homeostasis. Vanderbilt Digestive Disease Research Center Grant (P30DK058404) The National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases R03DK123489

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Siregar, Gontar Alamsyah, Darmadi Darmadi e Riska Habriel Ruslie. "The Role of Ethnicity in Inflammatory Bowel Disease". Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 9, F (5 settembre 2021): 342–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2021.6835.

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Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammation of the digestive tract which consists of ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease. The disease is previously recognized as a disease of Western countries but later it spreads all over the world across every ethnicity. The disease manifestations vary from intestinal to extra-intestinal manifestations. There are two risk factors related to the incidence of IBD: Internal and environmental factors. The internal factor is related to genetic susceptibility and genetic susceptibility is associated with ethnicity. Subject from Black ethnic has higher risk for suffering from IBD. Caucasians even have the lowest incidence compared to other ethnics. The disease course is also worse in Black and Hispanic ethnics. Asians have milder disease course. Immigrants tend to have higher risk for IBD compared to native subjects. Further investigations showed that ethnicity carries variable genetic characteristics which affect immune activity, intestinal barrier integrity, and autophagy. All the above mentioned will elicit inflammation if being unbalanced. Chronic inflammation particularly in digestive tract leads to IBD. Knowledge regarding the tendency of IBD in several ethnics raises awareness and will initiate earlier preventive measure against IBD.

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Fu, Zhirong, Srinivas Akula, Chang Qiao, Jinhye Ryu, Gurdeep Chahal, Lawrence de Garavilla, Jukka Kervinen, Michael Thorpe e Lars Hellman. "Duodenases are a small subfamily of ruminant intestinal serine proteases that have undergone a remarkable diversification in cleavage specificity". PLOS ONE 16, n. 5 (28 maggio 2021): e0252624. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0252624.

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Ruminants have a very complex digestive system adapted for the digestion of cellulose rich food. Gene duplications have been central in the process of adapting their digestive system for this complex food source. One of the new loci involved in food digestion is the lysozyme c locus where cows have ten active such genes compared to a single gene in humans and where four of the bovine copies are expressed in the abomasum, the real stomach. The second locus that has become part of the ruminant digestive system is the chymase locus. The chymase locus encodes several of the major hematopoietic granule proteases. In ruminants, genes within the chymase locus have duplicated and some of them are expressed in the duodenum and are therefore called duodenases. To obtain information on their specificities and functions we produced six recombinant proteolytically active duodenases (three from cows, two from sheep and one from pigs). Two of the sheep duodenases were found to be highly specific tryptases and one of the bovine duodenases was a highly specific asp-ase. The remaining two bovine duodenases were dual enzymes with potent tryptase and chymase activities. In contrast, the pig enzyme was a chymase with no tryptase or asp-ase activity. These results point to a remarkable flexibility in both the primary and extended specificities within a single chromosomal locus that most likely has originated from one or a few genes by several rounds of local gene duplications. Interestingly, using the consensus cleavage site for the bovine asp-ase to screen the entire bovine proteome, it revealed Mucin-5B as one of the potential targets. Using the same strategy for one of the sheep tryptases, this enzyme was found to have potential cleavage sites in two chemokine receptors, CCR3 and 7, suggesting a role for this enzyme to suppress intestinal inflammation.

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Couvineau, Alain, Thierry Voisin, Pascal Nicole, Valerie Gratio e Anne Blais. "Orexins: A promising target to digestive cancers, inflammation, obesity and metabolism dysfunctions". World Journal of Gastroenterology 27, n. 44 (28 novembre 2021): 7582–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v27.i44.7582.

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38

De Vos, Martine. "Joint involvement in inflammatory bowel disease: managing inflammation outside the digestive system". Expert Review of Gastroenterology & Hepatology 4, n. 1 (febbraio 2010): 81–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1586/egh.09.75.

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Tsai, Tsung-Yu, Che-Chen Lin, Cheng-Yuan Peng, Wen-Hsin Huang, Wen-Pang Su, Shih-Wei Lai, Hsuan-Ju Chen e Hsueh-Chou Lai. "The association between biliary tract inflammation and risk of digestive system cancers". Medicine 95, n. 31 (agosto 2016): e4427. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000004427.

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40

Olivier, Valérie, Catherine Dunyach-Remy, Jean-Philippe Lavigne e Olivier Moranne. "Micro-inflammation et translocation bactérienne d’origine digestive dans la maladie rénale chronique". Néphrologie & Thérapeutique 14, n. 3 (maggio 2018): 135–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nephro.2017.10.005.

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41

Zebeli, Q., e B. U. Metzler-Zebeli. "Interplay between rumen digestive disorders and diet-induced inflammation in dairy cattle". Research in Veterinary Science 93, n. 3 (dicembre 2012): 1099–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rvsc.2012.02.004.

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42

Noviello, Maria de Lourdes Meirelles, Nathália Vieira Batista, Luana Pereira Antunes Dourado e Denise Carmona Cara. "Prolonged Antigen Ingestion by Sensitized Mice Ameliorates Airway Inflammation". ISRN Allergy 2011 (1 dicembre 2011): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2011/818239.

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Abstract (sommario):

Food allergy frequently precedes or coexists with respiratory allergy, and although restriction of contacts with the allergen is the elected clinical procedure, oral immunotherapy (OIT) has proven to be surprisingly efficient in clinical trials. We investigated whether prolonged restriction and voluntary exposure of previously sensitized (immunized) mice to ovalbumin (OVA) in the drinking water would alter subsequent responses to bronchial (aerosol) challenge with OVA. We found a significant suppression of bronchial inflammation, with marked reduction of eosinophils. IL-4, CCL-2, and CCL-11 are not associated with elevation in IL-10 production or Foxp3 expression, with only minor digestive symptoms.

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Sidletskyi, O., e O. Makarenko. "Prevention of disorders in the mucous membrane of the digestive tract of female rats with estrogen, protein and calcium deficiency". Visnyk of Lviv University. Biological series, n. 89 (13 ottobre 2023): 66–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vlubs.2023.89.07.

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Abstract (sommario):

Purpose. Substantiation of the preventive efficacy of a complex consisting of quercetin, calcium citrate, vitamins, macro- and microelements in relation to the biochemical parameters of the mucous membranes of the digestive tract of rats with oophorectomy and insufficient protein and calcium in the diet. Materials and methods. The study was conducted on 24 female rats of herd breeding: in 16 animals, the state of estrogen deficiency was modeled by ovariectomy followed by their maintenance on an inadequate diet, half of which were injected with a prophylactic complex of vitamins and minerals. After 4 months, the rats were taken out of the experiment. In the homogenates of the mucous membranes of the oral cavity, stomach, small and large intestine, markers of inflammation (activity of elastase, acid phosphatase and the content of malonic dialdehyde) and the index of bacterial contamination (activity of urease) were determined. Results. As a result of the study, the development of inflammation was established in the mucous membranes of the digestive tract of rats with hypoestrogenism and when receiving a diet deficient in protein and calcium. The development of inflammation was accompanied by an increase in the activity of acid phosphatase (in the oral cavity – by 16.5 %, in the stomach – by 23.3 %, in the small intestine – by 27.0 %, in the large intestine – by 29.6 %), elastase ( in the oral cavity – by 9.2 %, in the stomach – by 52.6 %, in the small intestine – by 93.6 %, in the large intestine – by 28.7 % and the content of malondialdehyde (in the oral cavity – by 25.8 %, in the stomach – by 40.7 %, in the small and large intestine – by 26.4 %, in the large intestine – by 35.7 %) relative to the control group. In addition, an increase in urease activity was registered in the mucous membranes of the digestive tract of rats with pathology, which means an increase in the contamination of opportunistic microorganisms on the mucous membranes. The introduction of the prophylactic complex to rats prevented an increase in inflammation and dysbiosis in the mucous membranes of the digestive tract of animals, which was caused by pathology modeling. Findings. Anti-inflammatory and anti-dysbiotic properties of the prophylactic complex of vitamins and minerals based on quercetin and calcium citrate from Black Sea oyster shells allow us to recommend this composition of preparations for a deeper study in order to create an alternative to hormone replacement therapy for hypoestrogenism with alimentary deficiency of protein and calcium.

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Masyitoh, Masyitoh Masyitoh, Amelia Novita, Muhammad Farid, Andriyani Asmuni, Suherman Suherman, Munaya Fauziah, Najwa Khairina e Dina Rahma Fadlilah. "The Effect of Fasting on Health of Stomach Digestion System". Muhammadiyah International Public Health and Medicine Proceeding 1, n. 1 (1 novembre 2021): 995–1000. http://dx.doi.org/10.53947/miphmp.v1i1.166.

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Abstract (sommario):

The human body has important digestive organs such as the stomach. One of the stomach diseases that is gastritis or ulcers has indeed begun to be experienced due to a lack of knowledge about the factors that cause gastritis and behavior to prevent the occurrence of gastritis. Gastritis known as ulcer disease is an inflammation or bleeding in the mucosa of the stomach caused by irritants, infections, and irregularities in the diet. The method used is a literature review article by reviewing 7 journals published from 2010-2020 about the effect of fasting on the health of the stomach digestive system conducted in April 2020. The results of changing dietary patterns during fasting cause various changes in the body, especially in the digestive tract. Fasting gives the digestive system time to rest, so it can reduce the risk or cure health problems indigestion. The conclusion is that there is a relationship between diet, knowledge, and stress to the incidence of gastritis. While in the behavior of coffee consumption and sex there is no association with the incidence of gastritis.

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Beaufils, Fabien, Emmanuel Mas, Marie Mittaine, Martin Addra, Michael Fayon, Laurence Delhaes, Haude Clouzeau et al. "Increased Fecal Calprotectin Is Associated with Worse Gastrointestinal Symptoms and Quality of Life Scores in Children with Cystic Fibrosis". Journal of Clinical Medicine 9, n. 12 (17 dicembre 2020): 4080. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9124080.

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In cystic fibrosis (CF), cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator (CFTR) dysfunction leads to digestive disorders that promote intestinal inflammation and dysbiosis enhancing gastrointestinal symptoms. In pancreatic insufficiency CF patients, both intestinal inflammation and dysbiosis, are associated with an increase in the fecal calprotectin (FC) level. However, associations between the FC level, gastrointestinal symptoms, and quality of life (QoL) remain poorly studied. We aimed to assess such associations in pancreatic insufficiency CF children. The FC level was measured in pancreatic insufficiency CF children’s stool samples. Children and their parents completed two questionnaires: The Gastrointestinal Symptoms Scales 3.0-PedsQLTM and the Quality of Life Pediatric Inventory 4.0-PedsQLTM. Lower scores indicated worse symptomatology or QoL. Thirty-seven CF children were included. A FC level above 250 µg/g was associated with worse gastrointestinal symptoms and QoL scores. The FC level was inversely correlated with several gastrointestinal scores assessed by children (i.e., Total, “Heart Burn Reflux”, “Nausea and Vomiting”, and “Gas and Bloating”). Several QoL scores were correlated with gastrointestinal scores. The FC level was weakly associated with clinical parameters. Some gastrointestinal and QoL scores were related to disease severity associated parameters. In CF, the FC level, biomarker previously related to intestinal inflammation and dysbiosis, was associated with worse digestive symptoms and QoL scores.

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Singh, Amrandra Prasad. "Anti-inflammatory dietary supplements in prevention of diseases in geriatric people". International Journal of Advances in Medicine 6, n. 2 (25 marzo 2019): 571. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20190562.

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Abstract (sommario):

As our age advances, many changes are seen in our body, such as cellular changes, cardiovascular problems, cerebrovascular diseases, including cancer mediated by inflammation and their mediators such as free radicals (ROS, RNS), cytokines, transcription factors (NF-KB, STAT3) due to altered dietary patterns and digestive disorders. The disease pattern can be suppressed by including anti-inflammatory dietary supplements in our diet to prevent various diseases in geriatric peoples associated with inflammation. Chronic activation of the inflammatory response, defined as inflammation, is the key physio-pathological substrate for anabolic resistance, sarcopenia and frailty in older individuals. Nutrients can theoretically modulate this phenomenon. This article briefs about anti-inflammatory dietary supplements in prevention of diseases associated with inflammation in geriatric people.

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Bratoiu, Ioana, Alexandra Burlui, Patricia Richter, Anca Cardoneanu, Ciprian Rezus e Elena Rezus. "Digestive Dysbiosis in Systemic Scleroderma: a Review". Journal of Interdisciplinary Medicine 6, n. 2 (1 giugno 2021): 53–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jim-2021-0018.

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Abstract Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a rare autoimmune disease characterized by widespread microvasculopathy, inflammation, and fibrosis of the skin and internal organs. The involvement of the gastrointestinal tract is associated with a wide variety of symptoms and affects circa 90% of patients during the course of the disease. The gastrointestinal microbiota contains trillions of microbial cells and has been found to contribute to both local and systemic homeostasis. In both health and disease, a dynamic interrelationship between gut microbiome activity and the host immune system has been identified. Gastrointestinal dysbiosis has been described as having an important role in obesity, diabetes mellitus, liver disease, cardiovascular and neuropsychiatric disorders, neoplasia, as well as autoimmunity. Recent scientific data indicates a notable role of dysbiosis in the pathogenesis of SSc-related digestive involvement together with various other clinical manifestations. The present review aims to summarize the recent findings regarding digestive dysbiosis as well as the relationship between gastrointestinal microbiota and certain features of SSc.

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Alsamir, Shaimaa A., Mohammed A. Mahdi, Sundus W. Alabdullah e Esraa A. H. Al-Samir. "Parasites and Bacterial Interaction in the Digestive Tract". EAS Journal of Parasitology and Infectious Diseases 6, n. 03 (29 giugno 2024): 14–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.36349/easjpid.2024.v06i03.001.

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In our intestine, there is an interface between immunity and intestinal pathogens, which is important for maintaining homeostasis and influencing the other. Maintaining health seems to depend on the human body's gut microbiota being balanced. Protozoans and helminths are two types of intestinal parasites that interfere with the microbial atmosphere altering the host stability. However, the microbiota of the gut is a special constituent that could seriously impede the infection pathophysiology. Probiotics can be supportive in lowering the many parasite pathogenicity, in addition commensal microbiota of the gut play a significant role in helping many parasite occurance, such as the synthesis of nutritious particles. For these reasons, there is a rising interest in elucidating the logic behind potential relationships between: intestinal parasites, inflammation immune response, and microbiota.

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Ge, Deng-Feng, Hao Ren, Zi-Chen Yang, Shou-Xiang Zhao, Zhen-Ting Cheng, Da-Da Wu e Bin Zhang. "Application of ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography imaging in recurrent anastomotic tumors after surgery in digestive tract tumors". World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 16, n. 8 (27 agosto 2024): 2474–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4240/wjgs.v16.i8.2474.

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Abstract (sommario):

BACKGROUND This study was to investigate the application value of whole-body dynamic 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging in recurrent anastomotic tumors of digestive tract after gastric and esophageal cancer surgery. Postoperative patients with gastric and esophageal cancer have a high risk of tumor recurrence, and traditional imaging methods have certain limitations in early detection of recurrent tumors. Whole-body dynamic 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging, due to its high sensitivity and specificity, can provide comprehensive information on tumor metabolic activity, which is expected to improve the early diagnosis rate of postoperative recurrent tumors, and provide an important reference for clinical treatment decision-making. AIM To investigate the clinical value of whole-body dynamic 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging in differentiating anastomotic recurrence and inflammation after the operation of upper digestive tract tumors. METHODS A retrospective analysis was performed on 53 patients with upper digestive tract tumors after operation and systemic dynamic 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging indicating abnormal FDG uptake by anastomosis, including 29 cases of gastric cancer and 24 cases of esophageal cancer. According to the follow-up results of gastroscopy and other imaging examinations before and after PET/CT examination, the patients were divided into an anastomotic recurrence group and anastomotic inflammation group. Patlak multi-parameter analysis software was used to obtain the metabolic rate (MRFDG), volume of distribution maximum (DVmax) of anastomotic lesions, and MRmean and DVmean of normal liver tissue. The lesion/background ratio (LBR) was calculated by dividing the MRFDG and DVmax of the anastomotic lesion by the MRmean and DVmean of the normal liver tissue, respectively, to obtain LBR-MRFDG and LBR-DVmax. An independent sample t test was used for statistical analysis, and a receiver operating characteristic curve was used to analyze the differential diagnostic efficacy of each parameter for anastomotic recurrence and inflammation. RESULTS The dynamic 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging parameters MRFDG, DVmax, LBR-MRFDG, and LBR-DVmax of postoperative anastomotic lesions in gastric cancer and esophageal cancer showed statistically significant differences between the recurrence group and the inflammatory group (P < 0.05). The parameter LBR-MRFDG showed good diagnostic efficacy in differentiating anastomotic inflammation from recurrent lesions. In the gastric cancer group, the area under the curve (AUC) value was 0.935 (0.778, 0.993) when the threshold was 1.83, and in the esophageal cancer group, the AUC value was 1. When 86 is the threshold, the AUC value is 0.927 (0.743, 0.993). CONCLUSION Whole-body dynamic 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging can accurately differentiate the diagnosis of postoperative anastomotic recurrence and inflammation of gastric cancer and esophageal cancer and has the potential to be an effective monitoring method for patients with upper digestive tract tumors after surgical treatment.

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Zhang, Gensheng, Xiuhui Lin, Shufang Zhang, Huiqing Xiu, Chuli Pan e Wei Cui. "A Protective Role of Glibenclamide in Inflammation-Associated Injury". Mediators of Inflammation 2017 (2017): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/3578702.

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Abstract (sommario):

Glibenclamide is the most widely used sulfonylurea drug for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Recent studies have suggested that glibenclamide reduced adverse neuroinflammation and improved behavioral outcomes following central nervous system (CNS) injury. We reviewed glibenclamide’s anti-inflammatory effects: abundant evidences have shown that glibenclamide exerted an anti-inflammatory effect in respiratory, digestive, urological, cardiological, and CNS diseases, as well as in ischemia-reperfusion injury. Glibenclamide might block KATPchannel, Sur1-Trpm4 channel, and NOD-like receptor pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation, decrease the production of proinflammatory mediators (TNF-α, IL-1β, and reactive oxygen species), and suppress the accumulation of inflammatory cells. Glibenclamide’s anti-inflammation warrants further investigation.

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Inflammation digestive"

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