Tesi sul tema "Inflammation digestive"
Cita una fonte nei formati APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard e in molti altri stili
Vedi i top-34 saggi (tesi di laurea o di dottorato) per l'attività di ricerca sul tema "Inflammation digestive".
Accanto a ogni fonte nell'elenco di riferimenti c'è un pulsante "Aggiungi alla bibliografia". Premilo e genereremo automaticamente la citazione bibliografica dell'opera scelta nello stile citazionale di cui hai bisogno: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver ecc.
Puoi anche scaricare il testo completo della pubblicazione scientifica nel formato .pdf e leggere online l'abstract (il sommario) dell'opera se è presente nei metadati.
Vedi le tesi di molte aree scientifiche e compila una bibliografia corretta.
Stevenson, Diane J. "P2X7, inflammation and gastrointestinal disease". Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2008. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/28897/.
Testo completoMariaule, Vincent. "Implication des protéases du microbiote intestinal dans les maladies inflammatoires digestives humaines". Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UPASB074.
Testo completoProteases play a key role in human physiology in essential functions such as digestion, immunity, coagulation and healing. However, a disequilibrium in proteolytic balance is also associated with several diseases including digestive inflammations, pathologies with high incidence in the world accentuated by the increase of non-responders to available treatments. Although the effect of human proteases is being studied, very little data are available on the proteases produced by the intestinal microbiota and their role in digestive inflammation. This project aims to i) evaluate for the first time the contribution of proteases encoded by the host and intestinal microbiota in digestive inflammations, ii) study the biochemical and kinetic properties of targeted proteases and the identification of those having the highest inhibition efficiencies and iii) validate their deleterious effect and analyze their mode of action in vivo
Couch, Daniel. "The actions of cannabidiol and palmitoylethanolamide on inflammation and permeability of the gut". Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2018. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/51804/.
Testo completoLamy, Christophe. "Rôle du Corticotropin-Releasing Factor (CRF) périphérique dans les relations stress-inflammation digestive". Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003GRE19020.
Testo completoInflammatory Bowel Disease (IDB) are worsened by stress. The aim of this work was to characterize the role of Corticotropin-Releasing Factor (CRF), a key neuropeptide of the stress response, its analog urocortin and their receptors, CRF1 and CRF2, in the gastro-intestinal tract during colitis. Expression of CRF, urocortin, CRF1 and CRF2 were localized to the enteric nervous system by immunohistochemistry and further detected by quantitative RT-PCR. There was no alteration of the messengers' profile of expression during a trinitrobenzenesulfonique acid (TNBS)-induced colitis. Immobilization stress improved colitis after 10 days and reactivated it after 6 weeks. There was a tendency to an increase in expression of CRF1 and a decrease in expression of CRF2 by stress. In conclusion, digestive peripheral CRF system may account for the proinflammatory of stress effects during colitis
Charlet, Rogatien. "Rôle des polysaccharides fongiques et du microbiote intestinal dans la clairance digestive de Candida glabrata". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2022. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/ToutIDP/EDBSL/2022/2022ULILS025.pdf.
Testo completoCrohn's disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the intestine caused by dysbiosis and dysregulation of the immune response in genetically-susceptible individuals. Experimental and clinical studies suggest that certain microorganisms in the intestinal microbiota play a major role in the triggering or maintenance of inflammation associated with CD. These microorganisms include commensal yeasts of the genus Candida, which increase significantly in the digestive tract of patients with CD. In this context, our group studied the role of fungal cell wall components in the regulation of intestinal inflammation. In the case of Candida glabrata, these studies showed that fungal chitin is capable of attenuating inflammation while reducing fungal proliferation in a murine model of chemically-induced colitis. In this same model, we also showed that the intestinal bacterial biodiversity decreases gradually as colitis develops and that this decrease is correlated with an increase in proliferation of C. glabrata. In addition, the addition of chitin modifies the intestinal microbiota in favour of the anaerobic bacteria Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron and Lactobacillus johnsonii. As a result, and in this same model, oral administration of these two anaerobic bacteria revealed that they participate in the same way as chitin in the attenuation of intestinal inflammation and the reduction of disease-causing populations.However, the mechanisms that regulate the interaction between Candida and anaerobic bacteria, as well as the molecular determinants brought into play, remain to be characterised. The first part of our work studied the metabolites involved in the interaction between anaerobic bacteria and colonic epithelial cells of mice. These studies showed that oleic acid (OA), alone or combined with palmitic acid (PA), had notable anti-inflammatory properties by reducing the expression of several inflammatory markers expressed by Caco-2 cells exposed to DSS (dextran-sulphate sodium). Our investigations also demonstrated that the action of OA on macrophages induced an increase in expression of IL-10 and a decrease in diverse pro-inflammatory markers, probably linked to the recognition of OA by the receptors FFARs and AhR. These fatty acids also had inhibitory properties on biofilm formation, adherence and fungal viability. All of these properties were confirmed in a murine model of DSS-induced colitis where the oral administration of these two fatty acids attenuated inflammation by reducing the proliferation of C. glabrata and disease-causing bacterial populations.In the second part of this project, our investigations confirmed the anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating properties of chitin administered curatively (by intra-peritoneal administration) to mice with DSS-induced colitis. This treatment induced a decrease in inflammatory parameters (clinical and histological scores) and the expression of cytokines and pro-inflammatory mediators, leading to a decrease in the fungal and aerobic bacterial load in the faeces. Mice, pretreated with chitin (administered subcutaneously) prior to their exposure to DSS, were protected against digestive colonisation by C. glabrata. Although this is a significant result, the mechanisms that lead to fungal clearance associated with this treatment are unknown. Our data show that this preventive treatment induces antibodies directed against chitin. However, and contrary to curative treatment, this treatment does not reduce intestinal inflammation
Péré-Védrenne, Christelle. "Etude de la Cytolethal Distending Toxin B des Hélicobacters dans l’inflammation et la carcinogenèse digestive". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0404/document.
Testo completoThe demonstration of the role of the Cytolethal Distending Toxin (CDT) of Helicobacter hepaticusin the development of hepatocarcinoma in mice, makes this toxin a relevant candidate in theactivation of precancerous processes. As in the case of the CagA toxin of Helicobacter pylori, theCdtB active subunit of CDT could be an oncoprotein. We studied the role of Helicobacter CdtB ininflammation and digestive carcinogenesis using a lentiviral strategy for constitutive or conditionalexpression of the CdtB subunit or its corresponding DNase mutant. We conducted a study of thetranscriptome and showed that CdtB induced an inflammatory response by overexpressingcytokines, chemokines, antimicrobial peptides and activating the NF-kB pathway in epithelialcells. The CdtB also regulated the expression and nuclear localization of the transcription factorand oncogene MafB. These results were confirmed for the CdtB of Helicobacter pullorum.Infection of cells with wild type strains and the corresponding CDT-mutant strains (of H. hepaticus& H. pullorum) were used to validate the results and to attribute the effects to the CdtB and, inparticular, to its DNase activity. We also developed a novel epithelial cell xenograft model toevaluate the inducible expression of H. hepaticus CdtB. In this model, the CdtB, in addition to itspreviously well-known effects, delayed tumor growth, induced apoptosis, senescence and theoverexpression of nuclear proliferation marker, Ki-67, suggesting cell survival. All of these resultsprovide new arguments in favor of the oncogenic potential of the CDT
Kimse, Moussa. "Caractérisation de l'écosystème cæcal et santé digestive du lapin : contrôle nutritionnel et interaction avec la levure probiotique saccharomyces cerevisiae". Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009INPT001A/document.
Testo completoThe digestive ecosystem is influenced by abiotics and biotics factors that determined its balance and consequently influenced the host digestive health. In the young rabbit, caecal ecosystem disorders are largely responsible for nonspecific enteropathies that cause livestock losses. Understanding biotope/biocenosis interrelationships would allow the development of new strategies that preserve the ecosystem balance. Thus, the role of biotic factors that stabilise the digestive ecosystem, such as probiotics is extensively studied, however their effects on biocenosis and biotope remain unclear. The aim of our work is to improve our understanding of the caecal ecosystem functioning, submitted or not to a nutritional stress and with or without addition of an exogenous flora. We also aimed to compare the effects of the same probiotic (S. cerevisiae) in the caecum and in the rumen (dairy cow), to improve our knowledge on the mechanisms of action of yeast probiotic on biocenosis and biotope. We have developed and validated the measure of redox potential in the caecum. We also validated for the growing rabbit, a new indicator of the general inflammation (haptoglobin) in response to the application of nutritional stress or under a deficient sanitary status. Compared to the rumen, the caecal biotope is very anaerobic, since its redox potential is meanly of -220mV, and do not vary with age (35-63d old). The biodiversity of the bacterial community in the caecum, calculated from fingerprint technique (SSCP), reached meanly 5.0 (Simpson index). In the rabbit having a digestive trouble, the seric haptoglobin concentration increased by 70%, while caecal fermentative activity dropped by 50%. In parallel, the caecal pH increased (+0,7 unit) whereas the redox potential and the bacterial diversity remain unaffected in the caecum. When the young rabbit is submitted to a nutritional stress (fibre deficiency), the caecal volatile fatty acids concentration dropped by 25%, while the pH increased by 0.1 unit. However, the fibre deficiency did not affect the caecal redox potential (meanly -210 mV). Similarly, the bacterial biodiversity in the caecum was not modified (5,3) according to dietary fibre intake, as well the bacterial community structure. Besides, the haptoglobin concentration remained similar with fibre intake. The live yeast added in the diet tended to increase the bacterial diversity (+10%), and could slightly increase the caecal Eh (+25 mV). Yeast have no effect on the structure of rabbit caecal microbiota (bacteria only), where the similarity is 99%. It does not change the serum haptoglobin level. In return, yeast addition improved the digestive health by reducing mortality rate by 50%, particularly during periods of high mortality, when the serum haptoglobin increased by 70%. The effect of yeast described in the rabbit caecum differed from that found for the cow rumen: yeast decreased the redox potential and increased the pH that favors the strict anaerobic bacterial activity. The live yeast thus would stabilise the biotope (pH, Eh) and would favor the growth and activity of specific bacteria. However, this hypothesis still remains to be confirmed for the rabbit caecal ecosystem, using pertinent methodology
Fulham, Melissa A. "Characterization of Adipose Tissue Inflammation in Alcoholic Liver Disease". eScholarship@UMMS, 2011. http://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/940.
Testo completoFulham, Melissa A. "Characterization of Adipose Tissue Inflammation in Alcoholic Liver Disease". eScholarship@UMMS, 2017. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/940.
Testo completoDavis, Laura D. R. "The Biodistribution of 14C in the Digestive Organs of Rats Fed [14C]CD14 Protein". Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/12911.
Testo completoAlexander Graham Bell NSERC CGS M scholarship. Japan Society for the Promotion of Sciences, Summer in Japan Fellowship. Funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Institute of Nutrition Metabolism and Diabetes Grant #82816 “Fate and function of breast milk and recombinant human CD14 at mammary and newborn gastrointestinal mucosal epithelia”.
Yvon, Sophie. "Conception d'un produit alimentaire aux propriétés santé constantes basée sur la caractérisation des effets positifs sur la sphère digestive d'une matrice naturellement riche en lysozyme : le lait d'ânesse". Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017INPT0129/document.
Testo completoGut pathologies are multifactorial with a constant increasing incidence. Organic diseases include inflammatory bowel diseases such as Crohn's disease (CD) and functional pathologies include various subtypes of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). These pathologies present common features such as transit disorders, abdominal pain, dysfunction of the intestinal barrier associated with bidirectional gut-brain axis modifications and alterations of the gut microbiota composition (dysbiosis). Dysbiosis is generally associated with a lack of production of antimicrobial peptides and proteins (AMPs) by Paneth cells. Among the alternative treatment strategies, it has been proposed to reduce gut inflammation by correcting intestinal dysbiosis. Recent studies show the efficacy of a suitable diet, probiotics or prebiotics interventions on gut microbiota and on the integrity of their intestinal barrier in CD and IBS patients. Among interesting food matrices, donkey milk (DM) is a good candidate with a nutritional composition close to human breast milk and contains high levels of AMPs like lysozyme. An economic and social observatory of the donkey industry was ordered by the Institut National Âne et Mulet for a better support of growing French activity around DM against Italian and Chinese competitions. The objective of this thesis was to evaluate the potential beneficial healthy effect of DM and to provide robust scientific evidences for a better valorization of this product. Thus, the effect of chronic oral intake of DM was evaluated on two distinct murine preclinical models: a model of experimental ileitis induced by an oral administration of indomethacin and a model of chronic psychological stress (Water Avoidance Stress, WAS). In these studies, the key role of lysozyme activity in the observed effects was highlighted. In order to develop the DM market in France, thermal treatments have been carried out to optimize a pasteurization process to obtain a DM in accordance with the regulatory microbiological and sanitary standards while preserving the activity of the lysozyme contained in milk. The work of this thesis shows that DM exerts anti-inflammatory properties resulting in a significant reduction of the macroscopic and microscopic inflammatory lesions of the ileum. This effect is associated with a reduction of gut dysbiosis while normalizing the level of drastically reduced AMPs contained Paneth cells in the ileitis model. In the WAS model, DM and the fraction containing activity of lysozyme reduce visceral hypersensitivity, stress-induced gut microinflammatory status and also restore the level of AMPs in Paneth cells . A heat treatment at 2 min/72 °C allows to increase the shelf-life of DM while preserving the activity of lysozyme and its gut beneficial healthy properties in mouse
Bhattad, Pradnya Brijmohan, MohD Ibrahim, Omer Sheikh e Debalina Das. "Plesimonas Shigelloides Induced Crohn’s Disease Flare-A Rare Entity". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2021. https://dc.etsu.edu/asrf/2021/presentations/50.
Testo completoCarron, Clémence. "Exploration des facteurs impliqués dans l'immunosenescence et l'inflammation chronique après transplantation rénale : focus sur le rôle potentiel de la translocation bactérienne digestive et les modifications du microbiote intestinal". Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017UBFCE001/document.
Testo completoWe bave previously described that polyclonal anti-lymphocytic globulins (GALP) may contribute to prolonged CD4 Tcell lymphopenia in some renal transplant recipients, associated with some biological abnormalities, such as a chronic inflammatory syndrome. Our work focuses on the factors involved in the induction of tbese abnormalities and susceptible to increase the incidence of infections, cardiovascular diseases and deatb, comparable to the incidence observed in the elderly. We showed that GALP are implicated in the decrease in thymie output and the expansion ofT cells at an advanced stage of differentiation. Both are hallmarks of premature immune senescence. Moreover, the dysfunction of the gut epithelial barrier is responsible for gut bacterial translocation (GBT) and the activation of chronic inflammation observed in chronic kidney disease as well as in renal transplant recipients. The composition of the intestinal microbiota may play a role in the initiation, maintenance and severity of GBT and systernic inflammation. We reported the existence of a dysbiosis a.fier transplantation. The mechanisms involved remain to be elucidated, yet, this work contributes to the understanding of the potential factors involved. in the progression of immune senescence and the persistence of chronic inflammation after kidney transplantation paving the way to new fields of therapeutic research in transplantation
Iracheta-Vellve, Arvin. "Innate Immunity As Mediator of Cell Death and Inflammation in Alcoholic Liver Disease". eScholarship@UMMS, 2017. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/960.
Testo completoPons, Laurent. "Troubles moteurs digestifs associés à une inflammation expérimentale du tractus digestif chez le rat. Rôle du PAF, des radicaux libres et des prostanoi͏̈des". Toulouse 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993TOU30146.
Testo completoStoicov, Calin. "Pathogenesis of the Helicobacter Induced Mucosal Disease: A Dissertation". eScholarship@UMMS, 2010. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/477.
Testo completoHablot, Julie. "Liens entre inflammations articulaire et digestive : étude expérimentale chez la souris et contribution de l’immunité mucosale". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORR0095/document.
Testo completoNumerous type 3 immune cells (Th17 and ILC3) are physiologically located in lamina propria of the intestine. Microbial agents within the gut shape the immune system to make it efficient against threats but peaceful with commensals. Recent studies demonstrated changes in gut microbiota composition (dysbiosis) in chronic inflammatory rheumatism. These results suggest a role for mucosal immunity alteration in articular inflammation occurrence. Indeed, some type 3 immune cells once activated by microbiota, are thought to migrate to joints, involving notably chemokines receptors. Transcription factor RORγt, the master regulator of type 3 immune cells, could be negatively regulated by nuclear receptor PPARγ. Using experimental murine models, we studied the consequence of PPARγ deficiency and consequence of the chemokine receptor CCR3 inhibition on the joint-gut axis. Firstly, we demonstrated that experimental colitis induces microbiota changes, delays and reduces collagen-induced arthritis severity. Secondly, we showed that PPARγ deficient mice display spontaneous joint inflammation associated with abnormal type 3 distribution within the gut. Dysbiosis with enrichment in facultative anaerobic Enterobacteriaceae was found in these mice. Fecal microbiota transfer demonstrated this microbiota is non-arthritogenic. Finally, we demonstrated that CCR3 inhibition has profound anti-arthritic potencies associated with changes in leukocytes distribution within the joint-gut axis
Auber, Frédéric. "Les lésions digestives des laparoschisis dans un modèle murin". Paris 6, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA066005.
Testo completoRipollés, Piquer Blanca. "Production intestinale de l'apolipoprotéine E : influence de l'inflammation chronique de l'appareil digestif sur les propriétés biologiques des lipoprotéines plasmatiques". Nantes, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NANT01VS.
Testo completoThe link between infection and inflammation and alterations in lipid and lipoprotein metabolism is more and more evident. Meanwhile, the effect of inflammation of the intestine, an organ directly involved in lipid metabolism, in apo E secretion (protein which plays roles in immunity and lipid metabolism) and in lipid and lipoprotein metabolism is not well understood. For this reason we have chosen first to study the effect of inflammation on intestinal apo E secretion and second, to examine the lipid and lipoprotein profile in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) and the effect of IBD on cellular cholesterol efflux from Fu5AH cells. Our results show that intestinal apo E secretion in vitro is decreased by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). We have also shown that IBD are associated with disturbances in lipid and lipoprotein profiles and in cholesterol efflux. These disturbances that we describe would contribute to the development of atherosclerosis in IBD patients
Ducarouge, Benjamin. "Régulation des systèmes d'adhérence cellulaire par le CRF2 : un effecteur du stress dans le tube digestif". Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00767103.
Testo completoGhia, Jean-Eric. "Etudes fonctionnelles des peptides dérivés de la Chromogranine A : Inflammation, nociception et motricité colique". Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003STR13134.
Testo completoTime analysis of hydrological cycle components is of prime interest, our environment being subject to climate change since the mid 1970s. In this context, trends in major hydro-climatic variables (rainfall, snow cover, air temperature, sunshine duration and water levels) were analysed at different temporal and spatial scales. This working step is prolonged with the application of future climate scenarios to rainfall-runoff modelling, in order to predict possible evolutions of the hydrological reponse of the main tributaries of the Alzette river (Grand Duchy of Luxembourg), in the middle of the current century (2050s). After a data quality check of the hydro-climatic database, the secular analysis of regional climate demonstrates a succession of two oscillations since the middle of the nineteenth century, influencing the hydrological regime of the main rivers flowing in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg. During the last five decades, opposite trends between winter rainfall regime and summer rainfall regime could be found. The magnitude of trends is determined by atmosphere-topography interactions. In the same period, climate warming is confirmed, with an altitudinal dependancy in some seasons and an increase of diurnal temperature range in most seasons. As a result of temperature increase, snow cover has decreased on regional scale in the 1990s, but without a previous general recessive trend. Sunshine duration series exhibit a significantly decreasing trend in spring and autumn and indicate cloudless conditions in summer. These climate trends could be related to a synoptic atmospheric forcing evolution. Analysis of water level time series in the second half of the 20th century shows a stronger response to changes in climatic regime of winter high water levels, also conditoned by the mean altitude of river basins. The climate variations seem to have a major influence on hydrological trends in comparison to the evolution of land uses. Considering the 2050 horizon, the utilization of raw and disaggregated GCM (Global Circulation Model) outputs, in conjunction with rainfall-runoff modelling and a stochastic weather generator, provides a panel of possible climate scenarios under GHG (Green House Gazes) forcing predicted by IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change)
Lamine, Florence. "Lactobacillus farciminis une bactérie produisant du monoxyde d'azote dans le tube digestif : mise en évidence de potentialités thérapeutiques". Toulouse, INPT, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004INPT016A.
Testo completoAllaire, Joannie. "L’implication de la signalisation des Bmps dans le maintien de l’homéostasie de la muqueuse intestinale et colique et dans les pathologies digestives". Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/12034.
Testo completoAllouche, Rania. "Effet anti-inflammatoire d’hydrolysats de protéines de surface ou intracellulaires de Streptococcus thermophilus obtenus après action de protéases digestives". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022LORR0344.
Testo completoInflammation is a mechanism that provides protection against injury, trauma, or infection caused by damaged cells, irritants, or pathogens. This process removes harmful agents and damaged tissue components. Nevertheless, chronic low-grade inflammation is often associated with various pathologies. Diet could be a promising way of action. Indeed, bioactive peptides derived from the hydrolysis of dietary proteins could modulate key inflammatory factors and consequently delay the onset of these chronic diseases. Furthermore, lactic acid bacteria, components of fermented milk products, exhibit anti-inflammatory properties both in vitro and in vivo studies. Among them, Streptococcus thermophilus (ST) is regularly consumed by a significant part of the population. Studies have shown that some strains of ST display anti inflammatory activity in vitro with an unknown mechanism of action. In this work, it was hypothesized that peptides released after hydrolysis by digestive proteases of the surface or intracellular proteins of this bacterium could be involved at least partially in this activity. Firstly, hydrolysates were obtained by shaving surface proteins with trypsin or pepsin followed or not by trypsinolysis. The tandem mass spectrometry analysis indicated that the majority of the identified peptides belonged to the surface proteins of this bacterium. Secondly, the anti inflammatory activity of the hydrolysates was evaluated in two inflamed cell models. The hydrolysate obtained after tryptic shaving and trypsinolysis of surface proteins of ST LMD 9 significantly decreased the secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL 8 in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated HT 29 cells. The same hydrolysate also reduced production of IL 8 and of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL 1β as well as protein expression levels of Pro IL 1β and COX 2 in LPS-stimulated THP 1 macrophages. It was proposed that the surface protease PrtS could be a source of active peptides during gastrointestinal digestion. To verify this hypothesis, hydrolysates were prepared by shaving with pepsin followed or not by trypsinolysis of the surface proteins of two phenotypically distinct strains of ST: LMD 9 (PrtS+) and CNRZ 21N (PrtS-). Modulation of pro-inflammatory mediators IL 8, IL 1β, Pro IL 1β and COX 2 was assessed in LPS-stimulated THP 1 macrophages and IL 8 in LPS stimulated HT 29 cells. The hydrolysates from the two strains showed an anti inflammatory action but modulation of all these inflammatory mediators was strain, hydrolysate, and concentration dependent. Interestingly, the strain lacking PrtS also showed anti-inflammatory activity. Therefore, peptides released from surface proteins of ST strains by proteases of the gastrointestinal tract during digestion of a product containing this bacterium could exert anti-inflammatory effects and thus could reduce the risk of inflammation related chronic diseases. Finally, the intracellular proteins of the LMD 9 and CNRZ 21N strains were recovered by sonication and hydrolysed with Corolase PP, a mixture of pancreatic proteases. Hydrolysates generated from a fraction of these proteins of both strains demonstrated anti inflammatory action by modulating some of the pro-inflammatory mediators in LPS stimulated THP 1 macrophages. To our knowledge, this is the first study demonstrating the anti inflammatory activity of peptides derived from surface proteins and a fraction of the intracellular proteins of ST strains. These paraprobiotics or postbiotics, likely to be released in the digestive tract of the consumer, could participate in the overall anti inflammatory effect of S. thermophilus which had been demonstrated with certain strains. They could display beneficial effects on human health and therefore could be a promising bioactive ingredient for the development of novel functional foods for the prevention of low grade inflammation
Sangiovanni, E. "TANNINS FROM RUBUS AND FRAGARIA BERRIES FOR THE CONTROL OF GASTRIC INFLAMMATION: IN VITRO AND IN VIVO STUDIES". Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/246364.
Testo completoMetowogo, Kossi. "Effets d'un extrait de feuilles d'aloe buettneri sur l'inflammation bronchique, l'ulcère gastrique et la réparation tissulaire". Strasbourg, 2010. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/restreint/theses_doctorat/2010/METOWOGO_Kossi_2010.pdf.
Testo completoCoron, Emmanuel. "Neuropathies entériques : méthodes d'exploration et caractérisation dans un modèle expérimental humain de shigellose". Nantes, 2009. https://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show/show?id=d208b1bd-c602-4782-99be-b618c3f5a63e.
Testo completoThe enteric nervous system (ENS) is composed of neurons and enteric glial cells. It plays a major role in the regulation of digestive functions. However, the nature of ENS lesions during the majority of digestive disease, as well as the role of inflammation, is poorly understood. The aims of this study were : 1) to develop a routine method allowing characterisation of enteric neuropathies in humans, and 2) to characterise the ENS alterations ex vivo in a human colonic model of shigella infection and identify the mechanisms involved. Firstly, we demonstrated the accuracy of human colonic biopsies to study the ENS, by combining immunohistochemical and Western blot methods. Secondly, we developed an organotypic culture model to study early interactions between the ENS and Shigella flexneri (S. Flexneri), and showed that S. Flexneri induced a neuronal plasticity that was bloked by NOS inhibitor (L-Name), as well as neuronal and glial damages that were prevented by NMDA receptors to glutamate. Beyond ENS alterations, we also noted a major disruption of the intestinal epithelial barrier and identified the key role of the SepA serine protease in these alterations
Pacios, Pujadó Sandra. "Cellular Mechanisms that affect Periodontal Destruction induced by Bacteria Infection in Diabetic and Non Diabetic Rats". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/275965.
Testo completoEl objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la respuesta histológica y celular a la infección por A.actinomycetemcomitans (A.a) y como la diabetes exacerba la producción de TNF- α y la apoptosis que contribuye a la progresión de la enfermedad periodontal y al acoplamiento del hueso. Los resultados enlazan la infección de A. a con características importantes de destrucción periodontal y ofrece una nueva visión de cómo la diabetes agrava la destrucción periodontal con A. a mediante un aumento significativo de la respuesta inflamatoria, lo que lleva al aumento de pérdida ósea y produce un aumento de apoptosis en el epitelio gingival y en las células del tejido conectivo a través de un mecanismo de caspasa-3 dependiente. Los antibióticos tuvieron un efecto más pronunciado en mucho de los parámetros evaluados en las ratas diabéticas que en las normoglucémicas, sugiriendo una deficiencia en la capacidad de los animales diabéticos en combatir la infección. Además la diabetes prolonga la inflamación y la osteoclastogénesis en la periodontitis y a través de TNF limita el proceso normal de reparación modulando negativamente factores que regulan el hueso.
Horňáková, Nikola. "Příprava přírodních doplňků stravy s obsahem probiotických bakterií a látek s protizánětlivým účinkem". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-433508.
Testo completoMkaouar, Héla. "Rôle des serpines, inhibiteurs de protéases à serine, du microbiote digestif humain dans les maladies inflammatoires de l'intestin". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS108.
Testo completoSerine protease inhibitors (Serpins) are a class of proteins that reamin poorly studied in bacteria. In this thesis we are interested in the study of serpins originating from the intestinal microbiota and the investigation of their anti-inflammatory potential for the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) in humans. For this we have identified serpins from the human gut microbiota and analyzed their diversity as well as their distribution between healthy and IBD patients. These data allowed isolating serpins significantly associated with IBD. The purification of four of them led us to demonstrate that they inhibit human proteases involved in IBD. Biochemical and kinetic analysis of these proteins showed that they exhibit original properties, in particular their high inhibition efficiency. The study of the protective effect of three serpins in an animal model of colitis demonstrated for the first time the efficacy of serpins in vivo demonstrating thus their therapeutic potential
Eyre, Sánchez Elena. "Aportacions a l’estudi de la relació inflamació-tumorigènesi en el còlon". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/298311.
Testo completoUlcerative colitis (UC) is associated to an increased risk to develop colorectal cancer (CRC). In the gut, inflammation and activation of receptors of innate immunity such as TLRs, accomplish several functions, including tailoring adaptive immune responses, deploying repair mechanisms and maintaining the intestinal barrier function. The tuning of such functions may result in resolution or chronification of the inflammation. Here we have explored the relationship between inflammatory and tumourigenic mechanisms in animal models - which allow the study of the inflammation-tumourigenesis transition without the biases due to pharmacotherapy -, and in human samples. We have analyzed the relationship between histopathological findings and gene expression variations in murine models of colitis, colorectal cancer and colitis associated colorectal cancer. The expression of microRNAs in these conditions has also been quantified and their potential repercussions in the expression of genes related to inflammation, proliferation, apoptosis and tissue organization has been explored. Changes in mononuclear cell phenotypic profiles have also been studied in order to assess their putative value as biomarkers of inflammation-tumourigenesis transition. In human samples, we intended to study gene expression in colon biopsies obtained from healthy individuals, UC patients and adenomas, in an attempt to find expression changes associated both to UC and CRC. Furthermore, we have evaluated in vitro to what extent the intestinal barrier function is affected by monocyte secretions, to establish whether an anomalous monocyte responsiveness may contribute to the enhanced intestinal permeability usually found in UC patients. The results obtained in the murine model show a strong correlation between intestinal inflammation and enhanced tumour development, probably resulting from a disregulation of repair mechanisms, as shown by the finding of a significant hyperplasia and increased occurrence of aberrant crypt foci. In animals receiving a mutagenic agent and undergoing recurrent colitic episodes, the tumours are larger, more abundant and exhibit a higher degree of dysplasia compared to tumours observed in mice receiving only the mutagenic agent. Tumours appearing in an inflammatory context display significant gene expression alterations in tlr4, tlr9, cnnd1, cox2, and bcl2. This suggests an involvement of these genes in colitis associated tumour development. Inflammation associated tumours also showed a significant decrease in miR-135a, miR-21, miR-145 and miR-34a expression, which may lead to an increased expression of their target mRNAs. Among them we have highlighted those involved in proliferation, inflammation, apoptosis, angiogenesis and tissue organization processes. We propose tiam1, vcl, stat3, ptk2, wnt1, pak4, p120, birc5, btg2, klf4, rtkn and peli1 as candidate genes for the follow up of the bias inflammation-tumourigenesis. Gene expression microarray analysis has allowed us to identify genes whose expression is significantly altered in biopsies taken from UC patients and colon adenomas compared to healthy tissue. On the basis of this comparison, literature and gene ontology analysis, we have selected a list of genes altered in CRC and also associated to UC, which may be useful as putative biomarker genes: bcra1, bcra2, ndn, tp53, smad3, fcer1g, a2m, dock2, atf4, cxcl12, itga8, eps8, rhou, nrp1 and ptk2b. Our results show too that TLR4 ligands elicit an enhanced secretory response in monocytes of UC patients compared to those of healthy individuals. This enhanced response induces increased disruptive effects on the intestinal barrier function in vitro, suggesting that an anomalous monocyte secretory profile may be partly responsible for the increased intestinal permeability found in UC patients, which may contribute to the chronification of colitis and promotion of dysplasia.
Voinot, Florian. "Axe cerveau-intestin et contrôle de la prise alimentaire : exemple d'altérations chez un modèle animal de schizophrénie". Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00790379.
Testo completoMejías, Luque Raquel. "Regulatory effects of pro-inflammatory cytokines on genes associated with gastric carcinogenesis". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/7156.
Testo completoLa gastritis crònica produïda per la infecció per Helicobacter pylori és un dels principals determinants en la patogènesi del càncer gàstric, i comporta nivells elevats de citoquines proinflamatòries com TNF-α, IL-1β o IL-6, que poden regular l'expressió de gens implicats en la transformació neoplàsica gàstrica. Vam analitzar l'efecte de citoquines proinflamatòries en l'expressió de glicosiltransferases i antígens Lewis en cèl·lules de càncer gàstric va ser analitzat i vam observar que el tractament d'aquestes cèl·lules amb IL-1β augmentava l'expressió d'antígens Lewis de tipus 2. A més, vam observar que tumors gàstrics amb inflamació crònica presentaven nivells més elevats d'estructures glicosídiques de tipus 2, suggerint que determinades glicosiltransferases podrien estar regulades per la inflamació.
Els adenocarcinomes gàstrics de tipus intestinal s'originen a partir d'una sèrie successiva de lesions precanceroses que porten a una transdiferenciació intestinal de la mucosa gàstrica. En aquest procés s'activa l'expressió de diferents gens intestinals a les cèl·lules gàstriques, com és el cas dels gens de les mucines intestinals MUC2 i MUC4 i del factor de transcripció intestinal CDX2. Nosaltres vam estudiar l'efecte de citoquines inflamatòries i de les seves vies de senyalització associades en l'expressió d'aquests gens va ser estudiat. El primer que vam constatar va ser que IL-6 regulava l'expressió de MUC4 a través de la via de gp130/STAT3 a línies cel·lulars de càncer gàstric, mentre que l'expressió de MUC2 era induïda per TNF-α a través de la via de senyalització de NF-κB. A més, vam observar que l'expressió de CDX2 no era regulada per citoquines inflamatòries. Finalment, vam trobar que les diferències en l'expressió de les mucines intestinals MUC2 i MUC4 a tumors gàstrics podien ser explicades per diferències en el tipus d'inflamació predominant.
De tots aquests resultats podem concloure que la inflamació i les vies de senyalització associades modulen l'expressió de gens associats a la carcinogènesi gàstrica.
In the gastric carcinogenetic process the specific expression pattern of glycosyltransferases and Lewis antigens displayed by the normal gastric mucosa is lost. We detected that changes in the expression of Lewis antigens induced by the transfection of FUT1 cDNA in HT-29/M3 cells determined a less invasive and metastatic phenotype.
Chronic gastritis caused by H. pylori infection is a major determinant in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer, and present increased levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6, which can regulate the expression of genes involved in the gastric neoplastic transformation. We analysed the effect of pro-inflammatory cytokines on the expression of glycosyltransferases and Lewis antigens in gastric cancer cells. IL-1β treatment increased the expression of type 2 Lewis antigens, and, in addition, we observed that gastric tumours with chronic inflammation displayed increased levels of type 2 glycan structures, suggesting that specific glycosyltransferases may be regulated by inflammation.
Intestinal-type gastric adenocarcinomas develop from successive pre-cancerous lesions that lead to an intestinal transdifferentiation of the gastric mucosa. In this process many intestinal genes are activated in gastric cells, such as the intestinal mucin MUC2 and MUC4 genes and the transcription factor CDX2. We studied the effect of pro-inflammatory cytokines and their associated signalling pathways on the expression of these genes. IL-6 regulated the expression of MUC4 through the gp130/STAT3 signalling pathway in gastric cancer cell lines, while MUC2 expression was induced by TNF-α through the NF-κB signalling pathway. No effects on CDX2 expression were observed after cytokine treatment in gastric tumour cells. Finally, we found that the differences observed in the expression of the intestinal mucins MUC2 and MUC4 in gastric tumours could be explained by differences in the predominant type of inflammation present in gastric adenocarcinomas.
In conclusion, our results suggest that inflammation and its associated signalling pathways modulate the expression of genes associated with gastric carcinogenesis.
BASHLLARI, ROMINA. "MOLECULAR MECHANISMS INVOLVED IN THE IN VITRO PROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF ANTHOCYANINS AGAINST INTESTINAL INFLAMMATION". Doctoral thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11570/3149538.
Testo completo