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Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 10 marzo 2023

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1

Pedro Solís-Cámara R. e Laura Gomez Mata. "Children's Human Figure Drawings and Impulsive Style at Two Levels of Socioeconomic Status". Perceptual and Motor Skills 61, n. 3_suppl (dicembre 1985): 1039–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1985.61.3f.1039.

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The relationship between children's reflection-impulsivity styles and their human figure drawings was examined for a sample of Mexican children of middle ( n = 97) and low ( n = 110) socioeconomic status. Drawings were scored for Developmental, Emotional, and Impulsiviry indicators. As in previous research with American preschoolers, the drawings of 23 Mexican preschoolers did not correlate with the styles; however, significant relationships between the styles and Impulsivity scores of older children of low status ( n = 87) were also found, suggesting that, when a higher-level of impulsivity is present in a population, a relationship between styles and drawings may be observed. The findings for low-status preschoolers, even their higher Impulsivity scores, support the notion that Kagan's measure of impulsivity is not appropriate for use with younger children.

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Mouilso, Emily R., Karen S. Calhoun e Thomas G. Rosenbloom. "Impulsivity and Sexual Assault in College Men". Violence and Victims 28, n. 3 (2013): 429–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0886-6708.vv-d-12-00025.

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Although impulsivity has been consistently linked to perpetration of sexual aggression, results lack clarity because they do not account for the substantial heterogeneity associated with the construct. The UPPS-P model (Lynam, Smith, Whiteside, & Cyders, 2006), which was proposed to clarify the multidimensional nature of impulsivity, has yet to be applied to sexual aggression. We measured UPPS-P Impulsivity in a sample of male college students who also self-reported on perpetration of sexual aggression. As predicted, impulsivity distinguished perpetrators from nonperpetrators. Perpetrators scored higher than nonperpetrators on Negative Urgency, Positive Urgency, and lack of Premeditation. Results suggest that the impulsivity traits most relevant to sexual aggression are the tendency to act impulsively when experiencing intense emotions (Positive and Negative Urgency) and lack of forethought and planning (lack of Premeditation).

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Royuela-Colomer, Estíbaliz, Liria Fernández-González e Izaskun Orue. "Longitudinal Associations between Internalizing Symptoms, Dispositional Mindfulness, Rumination and Impulsivity in Adolescents". Journal of Youth and Adolescence 50, n. 10 (9 luglio 2021): 2067–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10964-021-01476-2.

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AbstractMindfulness has been associated with fewer negative mental health symptoms during adolescence, but fewer studies have examined longitudinal associations between mindfulness and symptoms in conjunction with two vulnerability factors for psychopathology with mindfulness: rumination and impulsivity. This study examined longitudinal associations between internalizing symptoms (depression, anxiety, stress), mindfulness, rumination, and impulsivity over a one-year period among 352 Spanish adolescents (57.4% girls; M = 14.47, SD = 1.34). Participants completed self-reported measures of symptoms, mindfulness, rumination, and impulsivity at two time points. Mindfulness negatively predicted stress and depressive symptoms, and a bidirectional negative association was found between mindfulness and impulsivity. Impulsivity positively predicted stress, and anxiety positively predicted depressive symptoms, stress, and rumination. This study highlights the importance of mindfulness as a protective factor and impulsivity and anxiety as risk factors for internalizing symptoms throughout adolescence. These findings build on previous studies that examined longitudinal associations between mindfulness and symptoms by including rumination and impulsivity’s roles.

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Martin Villalba, I. "Assessment of impulsivity and other psychological factors in obese patients". European Psychiatry 65, S1 (giugno 2022): S585. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.1500.

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Introduction Obesity is a multiorgan disorder that is caused by eating a much larger overeating that the body needs to live. Obese people tend to eat a lot and after hours, and it is hypothetised that it exists a relationship between increased impulsivity and obesity. In addition these patients tend to have more psychopathology, Objectives The aim of the study is to observe if obese people ingest impulsively and if there are differences between the sexes regarding impulsivity. Also it will be studied the relationship between impulsivity in these patients and other psychosocial factors, anxiety and depression symptoms and personality traits. Methods It was carried out an assessment of impulsivity in 30 obese population followed at the outpatient Endocrinology that attended pre-bariatric surgery groups.Patients were handed the Plutchik impulsivity questionnaire, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and The Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI). Results In our sample, 43.4% of the obese patients did not show high levels of impulsivity, while 56.6% did show markedly impulsive traits. No differences in impulsivity between sexes were found. No other significant relationships with addititional psychological factors were found. Conclusions A larger sample is needed to reach a conclusion and to extrapolate the results to the general population. People with morbid obesity have higher impulsivity and a binge eating;in addition they have more psychopathology, mainly affective, greater impulsivity and greater severity on scales that assess the core symptoms of disordered eating behavior and body dissatisfaction. Disclosure No significant relationships.

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BLASZCZYNSKI, A., Z. STEEL e N. McCONAGHY. "Impulsivity in pathological gambling: the antisocial impulsivist". Addiction 92, n. 1 (gennaio 1997): 75–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1360-0443.1997.tb03639.x.

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Leeman, Robert F., Bonnie H. P. Rowland, Nioud Mulugeta Gebru e Marc N. Potenza. "Relationships among impulsive, addictive and sexual tendencies and behaviours: a systematic review of experimental and prospective studies in humans". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 374, n. 1766 (31 dicembre 2018): 20180129. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2018.0129.

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Impulsivity's relationships to addictive and sexual behaviours raise questions regarding the extent impulsivity may constitute a vulnerability factor for subsequent addictive and sexual behaviours and/or results from each of these. Here, we systematically reviewed empirical support for impulsivity as a precipitating factor or a consequence of addictive or sexual behaviours. We restricted ourselves to recent, human studies with assessments over time, including at least one measure of impulsivity, addictive and sexual behaviours, yielding a review including 29 published reports from 28 studies. Findings point to generalized, self-reported impulsivity as a predictor of addictive and sexual behaviours at a wide range of severity, with elements of both impulsivity and compulsivity to these acts. Alcohol consumption often increases impulsive behaviour, including inclinations towards impulsive and potentially compulsive sexual acts. Research using the Sexual Delay Discounting Task has yielded findings linking impulsivity, addictive and sexual behaviour and as such is a valuable research tool that should be used more extensively. The present review identified gaps to be addressed in further research that concurrently examines facets of impulsivity, addictive and sexual behaviours, especially because criteria for compulsive sexual behaviour disorder have been included in the eleventh edition of the International Classification of Diseases . This article is part of the theme issue ‘Risk taking and impulsive behaviour: fundamental discoveries, theoretical perspectives and clinical implications’.

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Cuttler, Carrie, Debra O'Connell e David K. Marcus. "Relationships between Dimensions of Impulsivity and Prospective Memory". European Journal of Personality 30, n. 1 (gennaio 2016): 83–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/per.2038.

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Prospective memory refers to the ability to plan and execute future intentions. A burgeoning body of research indicates that a significant proportion of the variability in prospective memory performance can be accounted for by personality traits, with two recent studies revealing that the various dimensions of impulsivity measured by the Barratt Impulsivity Scale–11 (BIS–11) are related to prospective memory failures. The present study was conducted to examine which dimensions of impulsivity indexed by the BIS–11 and UPPS–P relate to prospective memory failures and which dimensions of impulsivity contribute unique variance in the prediction of prospective memory failures. A large sample ( N = 662) of students completed the BIS–11, UPPS–P, Prospective Memory Questionnaire and a habitual prospective memory test. Consistent correlations between six of the seven measures of impulsivity and prospective memory failures were found. Regression analyses further revealed that lack of perseverance, emotional urgency and attentional impulsivity were reliable and unique predictors of prospective memory failures. Thus, difficulty remaining focused on tasks (especially long, boring or difficult tasks); lack of forethought, planning and distaste for challenging tasks; and tendencies to behave impulsively under conditions of strong affect relate most strongly to prospective memory failures. Copyright © 2015 European Association of Personality Psychology

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8

Hollander, E., e J. Rosen. "Impulsivity". Journal of Psychopharmacology 14, n. 2_suppl1 (marzo 2000): S39—S44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/02698811000142s106.

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Disorders characterized by impulsivity include disorders of impulse control (intermittent explosive disorder, pyromania, kleptomania, pathological gambling and trichotillomania), paraphilias, sexual impulsions and sexual addictions and impulsive aggression personality disorders (borderline, antisocial, histrionic and narcissistic personality disorders). Impulsivity has a substantial impact on both individuals and society. Impulse control disorders may be conceptualized as a subset of the obsessive-compulsive spectrum. In this article, we examine the genetic and neurobiological aetiology of these disorders and possible treatment options. The link between serotonergic dysfunction and the pathophysiology of impulsivity is discussed, and studies that examine the efficacy of various selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and other alternatives in the treatment of impulsive disorders such as pathological gambling, sexual addictions and borderline personality disorder are presented.

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Hollander, E. "Impulsivity". European Psychiatry 13, S4 (1998): 224s. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(99)80333-2.

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De Vries, Eline L. E., e Bob M. Fennis. "Go local or go global: how local brands promote buying impulsivity". International Marketing Review 37, n. 1 (19 luglio 2019): 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/imr-10-2018-0292.

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Purpose Using food brands as a case in point, the purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between a local vs global brand positioning strategy and buying impulsivity, as well as the mediating role of construal level. The findings add a psychological argument to the array of reasons for firms to opt for a local instead of a global brand positioning strategy: local food brands promote higher levels of buying impulsivity than global brands by lowering consumers’ level of construal. Design/methodology/approach Five experiments use student and nonstudent samples, different construal level indices and generic and brand-specific buying impulsivity measures to test the hypotheses. Findings Local food brands promote higher levels of buying impulsivity than global brands by lowering consumers’ level of construal. Because local brands are proximal to consumers’ lifestyles, values, preferences and behaviors, they decrease the psychological distance between the brand and the consumer, compared with global brands. The smaller psychological distance lowers consumers’ construal level and renders the immediate, concrete, appetitive attributes of the product more salient, thus making consumers more prone to impulsively buy a local brand than a global one. Practical implications For the choice between a global or local brand positioning strategy, this paper argues in favor of the latter. Local (food) branding is a concrete brand positioning mechanism that can influence and benefit from consumers’ buying impulsivity. Originality/value The research reveals heretofore unknown but important implications of local vs global brand positioning strategies for consumers’ construal level and buying impulsivity.

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KOBASHI, Mariko, e Masanori IDA. "A classification of functional impulsivity and dysfunctional impulsivity". Proceedings of the Annual Convention of the Japanese Psychological Association 77 (19 settembre 2013): 3EV—013–3EV—013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4992/pacjpa.77.0_3ev-013.

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Swann, Alan C. "Mechanisms of impulsivity in bipolar disorder and related illness". Epidemiologia e Psichiatria Sociale 19, n. 2 (giugno 2010): 120–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1121189x00000828.

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SummaryAims – Impulsivity is a multifaceted aspect of behavior that is prominent in psychiatric disorders and has serious behavioral consequences. This paper reviews studies integrating behavioral and physiological mechanisms in impulsivity and their role in severity and course of bipolar and related disorders. Methods – This is a review of work that used questionnaire, human behavioral laboratory, and neurophysiological measurements of impulsivity or related aspects of behavior. Subjects included individuals with bipolar disorder, substance-use disorders, antisocial personality disorder, and healthy controls. Results – Models of impulsivity include rapid-response impulsivity, with inability to reflect or to evaluate a stimulus adequately before responding, and reward-based impulsivity, with inability to delay response for a reward. In normal subjects, rapid-response impulsivity is increased by yohimbine, which increases norepinephrine release. Impulsivity is increased in bipolar disorder, whether measured by questionnaire, by measures of rapid-response impulsivity, or by measures of ability to delay reward. While affective state has differential effects on impulsivity, impulsivity is increased in bipolar disorder regardless of affective state or treatment. Impulsivity, especially rapid-response, is more severe with a highly recurrent course of illness or with comorbid substance-use disorder, and with history of medically severe suicide attempt. In antisocial personality disorder, rapid-response impulsivity is increased, but rewardbased impulsivity is not. In general, impulsivity is increased more in bipolar disorder than in antisocial personality disorder. In combined bipolar disorder and antisocial personality disorder, increased impulsivity is associated with substance-use disorders and suicide attempts. Conclusions – Impulsivity is associated with severe behavioral complications of bipolar disorder, antisocial personality disorder, and substance-use disorders.

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Benazzi, Franco. "Impulsivity in bipolar-II disorder: Trait, state, or both?" European Psychiatry 22, n. 7 (22 maggio 2007): 472–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2007.03.008.

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AbstractBackgroundIn bipolar-II (BP-II) disorder impulsivity (defined as excessive risky activities by DSM-IV-TR) is one of the symptoms of hypomania. It is unclear if impulsivity is also a trait in BP-II.Study aimThe aim was to test if impulsivity was also a trait in BP-II.MethodsConsecutive 136 remitted BP-II outpatients (assessed when presenting for depression by a mood disorder specialist psychiatrist using the Structured Clinical interview for DSM-IV), self-assessed trait impulsivity during follow-ups, using the Personality Questionnaire of the Structured Clinical interview for DSM-IV Axis II Disorders, in a private practice. Trait mood swings were also self-assessed, using the TEMPS-A. A trait nature of impulsivity in BP-II could be supported by finding (1) a relatively high frequency, (2) association between trait impulsivity and symptoms of past hypomania, especially impulsivity, (3) dose–response relationship between number of past hypomania symptoms and trait impulsivity, and (4) association between trait impulsivity and trait mood swings (a trait feature of BP-II).ResultsTrait impulsivity was present in 41.1% of BP-II. BP-II with, versus BP-II without, trait impulsivity had significantly more males, trait mood swings, past hypomania symptoms (irritable mood, talkativeness, increased goal-directed activity), and excessive risky activities (i.e. state impulsivity), corresponding to an irritable risky overactivity. Past state impulsivity and trait impulsivity were significantly associated. Number of past hypomania symptoms and trait impulsivity were significantly correlated. A dose–response relationship was found between number of past hypomania symptoms and trait impulsivity.DiscussionFindings suggest that trait impulsivity may be a feature of BP-II. Limitation of self-assessment of personality traits should be taken into account. Findings may have treatment impacts, as the combination of trait impulsivity and mood swings may facilitate relapses and mixed states, which mood stabilising agents could prevent/delay.

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Stoyanova, Stanislava, e Nikolay Ivantchev. "ASSOCIATIONS AMONG FUNCTIONAL AND DYSFUNCTIONAL IMPULSIVITY: DIRECT AND INDIRECT EFFECTS ON SENSATION SEEKING IN YOUTH (19-25 YEARS OLD)". Psychological Thought 14, n. 1 (30 aprile 2021): 115–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.37708/psyct.v14i1.551.

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It is important to study the relationships between sensation seeking, functional and dysfunctional impulsivity to clarify the appropriateness and effectiveness of ways for seeking optimal stimulation. The aim of this study was to investigate if dysfunctional impulsivity had stronger direct and indirect effects on sensation seeking in youth with functional impulsivity as a mediator. Sensation seeking, functional and dysfunctional types of impulsivity were studied among 764 students from 19 to 25 years old by means of Radoslavova and Velichkov’s (2005) questionnaire. The results indicated that sensation seeking, functional and dysfunctional impulsivity correlated significantly and positively. Dysfunctional impulsivity was directly related to sensation seeking, as well as indirectly related to sensation seeking mediated by functional impulsivity. The findings also revealed that functional impulsivity was directly related to sensation seeking, as well as indirectly related to sensation seeking mediated by dysfunctional impulsivity. Dysfunctional impulsivity had larger direct effects on sensation seeking than functional impulsivity. Dysfunctional impulsivity also had larger effects as a mediator on sensation seeking than the effects of functional impulsivity as a mediator on sensation seeking. These findings suggest some deficiencies in the speed and accuracy of processing information, and the effectiveness of made decisions and implemented actions in search of optimal stimulation among youth.

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Chamberlain, Samuel R., e Naomi A. Fineberg. "Fractionating impulsivity: Commentary on “choice impulsivity” and “rapid-response impulsivity” articles by Hamilton and colleagues." Personality Disorders: Theory, Research, and Treatment 6, n. 2 (2015): 201–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/per0000122.

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R S, Ashwini, Srinivas K e Prashanth N R. "Impulsivity among women with unintended pregnancy". Asian Pacific Journal of Health Sciences 5, n. 3 (luglio 2018): 182–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/apjhs.2018.5.3.25.

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Tomko, Rachel L., Marika B. Solhan, Ryan W. Carpenter, Whitney C. Brown, Seungmin Jahng, Phillip K. Wood e Timothy J. Trull. "Measuring impulsivity in daily life: The Momentary Impulsivity Scale." Psychological Assessment 26, n. 2 (giugno 2014): 339–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0035083.

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Riley, Kristen E., Dean G. Cruess, Crystal L. Park, Ashley Tigershtrom e Jean-Philippe Laurenceau. "Anxiety and Depression Predict the Paths Through Which Rumination Acts on Behavior: A Daily Diary Study". Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology 38, n. 5 (maggio 2019): 409–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/jscp.2019.38.5.409.

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Introduction: Rumination—thinking passively, negatively, and repetitively—is a common cognitive process that is associated with poor health behaviors. Rumination impacts health behaviors through two distinct behavioral pathways: acting too quickly (impulsivity) or not acting at all (amotivation), though no research to date has examined the conditions under which rumination may manifest in these two disparate behavioral paths. The presence of anxiety and depression may lead to the behavioral manifestations of rumination, which may then differentially impact health behavior patterns. In this study, we tested whether individuals reporting anxiety who ruminate will then act impulsively and individuals reporting depression who ruminate will then not act in the context of their daily health behaviors. Methods: We recruited 285 college students (mean age = 19.3; 76.8% female; 79.4% Caucasian) and had them complete a baseline survey and an 11-day online daily diary to assess associations among anxiety, depression, rumination, and health behaviors. Results: Rumination predicted health behaviors through both impulsivity and amotivation as expected. Moderation models revealed that rumination in the context of anxiety leads to impulsivity and rumination in the context of depression leads to amotivation. Limitations: The undergraduate sample limits the generalizability of this data. Discussion: These results show that those who report depression or anxiety are likely to experience more daily rumination and the deleterious behavioral manifestations of that rumination, which then affects health behavior engagement or avoidance. Future behavioral health interventions can perhaps specifically target impulsivity among individuals reporting anxiety and amotivation among individuals reporting depression in order to promote more healthy behaviors.

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Round, Jason T., Therese E. Fozard, Amanda A. Harrison e Katerina Z. Kolokotroni. "Disentangling the effects of cannabis and cigarette smoking on impulsivity". Journal of Psychopharmacology 34, n. 9 (10 giugno 2020): 955–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269881120926674.

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Background: Cannabis smoking and cigarette smoking often co-occur, yet limited research has investigated the potentially different role impulsivity may play when these behaviours occur in isolation, compared with in combination. Aims: This study examined trait and behavioural impulsivity as a function of both cigarette and cannabis smoking. Methods: Trait impulsivity (BIS-11) was compared between 44 non-smokers, 76 cigarette only, 47 cannabis only and 58 cannabis plus cigarette smokers. The effects of cigarette and cannabis smoking on behavioural impulsivity (stop-signal and information sampling tasks) were then assessed in 87 of these participants during a laboratory session. Results: Trait impulsivity was significantly higher in cigarette smokers than non-smokers, irrespective of cannabis use, except for motor impulsivity, where cigarette smoking was only associated with elevated trait impulsivity in non-smokers of cannabis. Dimensions of trait impulsivity were significantly positively related to cigarette smoking frequency and nicotine dependence, but not to cannabis smoking frequency or dependence. Smoking cigarettes or cannabis was associated with significantly impaired reflection impulsivity relative to not smoking either substance. However, no additional increases in reflection impulsivity were observed in those who smoked both cigarettes and cannabis. No group differences in response inhibition were detected. Conclusions: Heightened trait impulsivity appears to be uniquely related to cigarette smoking, whilst the smoking of cigarettes or cannabis is associated with impairments in reflection impulsivity. Improved outcomes for treating cannabis dependence may result from encouraging concomitant cigarette smokers to cease using both drugs simultaneously in order to reduce heightened impulsivity and risk of relapse.

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Morales-Vives, Fabia, e Andreu Vigil-Colet. "Are old people so gentle? Functional and dysfunctional impulsivity in the elderly". International Psychogeriatrics 24, n. 3 (18 agosto 2011): 465–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s104161021100161x.

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ABSTRACTBackground: Although old people may seem less impulsive than adults, numerous experimental studies report that they have inhibitory deficits. Bearing in mind that there is a relationship between inhibition processes and impulsivity, age-related inhibition deficits suggest that older people could be more impulsive than adults.Methods: The aim of the current study was to compare the functional and dysfunctional impulsivity scores obtained in a sample of elderly people (65 years old and above) with those obtained in previous studies on samples of adolescents and adults. Dickman's Impulsivity Inventory was administered to 190 individuals aged between 65 and 94 years without dementia or cognitive impairment.Results: Results indicated that the elderly sample showed higher dysfunctional impulsivity levels than the adult samples, which is consistent with the inhibition deficits mentioned above. There were no significant differences in functional impulsivity. Furthermore, old women had higher scores than old men on dysfunctional impulsivity.Conclusions: This study provides evidence of age-related changes in dysfunctional impulsivity. Functional impulsivity did not show the same pattern as dysfunctional impulsivity, being quite stable across the age span. it seems, then, that impulsivity cannot be considered to decrease with age and dysfunctional impulsivity may even increase.

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Stoyanova, Stanislava, e Nikolay Ivantchev. "Direct and indirect effects of functional and dysfunctional impulsivity on sensation seeking in youth (19-25 years old)". Journal of Educational Sciences & Psychology 11 (73), n. 1 (2021): 163–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.51865/jesp.2021.1.15.

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This study was focused on the relationships between sensation seeking, functional and dysfunctional impulsivity in youth. The aim of this study was to investigate the direct and indirect effects of functional and dysfunctional impulsivity on sensation seeking in youth controlled for gender and age in the group of 19–25-year-old. Radoslavova & Velichkov’s (2005) self-report paper-and-pencil questionnaire was used to measure sensation seeking, functional and dysfunctional types of impulsivity among 764 students. Dysfunctional impulsivity was directly and indirectly related to sensation seeking mediated by functional impulsivity and being statistically controlled for age and gender. Functional impulsivity also was directly and indirectly related to sensation seeking mediated by dysfunctional impulsivity with gender and age as controlled confound variables. Dysfunctional impulsivity had larger direct and indirect effects as a mediator on sensation seeking than the corresponding effects of functional impulsivity on sensation seeking controlling for age and gender. These findings suggest the possibility for existence of some deficiencies in the speed, accuracy, and effectiveness of processing information, making decisions, and implementing actions during the search for optimal stimulation among youth.

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Figueiredo, Tiago, Dídia Fortes, Pilar Erthal, Tiago Bortolini, Daniel Segenreich, Leandro Malloy-Diniz e Paulo Mattos. "Impulsivity as an Endophenotype in ADHD: Negative Findings". Journal of Attention Disorders 25, n. 4 (6 dicembre 2018): 502–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1087054718816161.

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Impulsivity has a strong genetic component and is considered an endophenotype in many psychiatric disorders. Impulsivity in adult ADHD has become a focus of interest more recently because of its suggested prominence in this age. Objective: This study aimed to access self-reported impulsivity levels in biological parents of ADHD offspring, according to their status: non-ADHD (controls), remitted, nonremitted. Method: Impulsivity levels of 155 parents of ADHD children were compared according to their status using the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11). Results: The ADHD group presented the highest levels of impulsivity compared with all other groups. The remitted ADHD and control groups showed no significant differences in impulsivity levels. Conclusion: Impulsivity tended to remit alongside ADHD symptoms in remitters and to persist in those presenting with the residual form of adult ADHD suggesting it should not be considered as an endophenotype. Only the attentional dimension was impaired, cautioning against Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition ( DSM-5) impulsivity proposed criteria.

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Автономов, Д. А. "Impulsivity in narcology". Научно-практический журнал «Наркология», n. 1() (5 marzo 2018): 48–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.25557/1682-8313.2018.01.48-53.

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Представлено описание феномена импульсивности. Рассмотрены особенности моторной и когнитивной импульсивности. Показано место импульсивности в клинике наркологии. Описаны типичные трудности, с которыми сталкиваются пациенты при попытке регулировать собственное проблемное поведение. Description of the phenomenon of impulsivity. Features of motor and cognitive impulsivity. The place of impulsiveness in the study of narcology. The author describes typical difficulties faced by patients trying to regulate their own problem behavior.

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Автономов, Д. А. "Impulsivity in narcology". Научно-практический журнал «Наркология», n. 1() (28 febbraio 2018): 48–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.25557/igpp.2018.1.10759.

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Представлено описание феномена импульсивности. Рассмотрены особенности моторной и когнитивной импульсивности. Показано место импульсивности в клинике наркологии. Описаны типичные трудности, с которыми сталкиваются пациенты при попытке регулировать собственное проблемное поведение. Description of the phenomenon of impulsivity. Features of motor and cognitive impulsivity. The place of impulsiveness in the study of narcology. The author describes typical difficulties faced by patients trying to regulate their own problem behavior.

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LING, PENG, e KLOEDEN PETER ERIS. "Impulsivity and Heterogeneity". ECONOMIC COMPUTATION AND ECONOMIC CYBERNETICS STUDIES AND RESEARCH 53, n. 4/2019 (17 dicembre 2019): 313–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.24818/18423264/53.4.19.19.

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Morris, Emily. "Impulsivity and procrastination". Science 357, n. 6357 (21 settembre 2017): 1251.2–1251. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.357.6357.1251-b.

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Benko, Anita, Judit Lazary, Eszter Molnar, Xenia Gonda, Dorottya Pap e Gabriella Juhasz. "Genetics and impulsivity". International Clinical Psychopharmacology 26 (settembre 2011): e18-e19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.yic.0000405652.96717.f2.

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ENTICOTT, PETER G., e JAMES R. P. OGLOFF. "Elucidation of impulsivity". Australian Psychologist 41, n. 1 (marzo 2006): 3–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00050060500391894.

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Goodheart, William B. "Impulsivity and Compulsivity". American Journal of Psychotherapy 51, n. 3 (luglio 1997): 450–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.psychotherapy.1997.51.3.450.

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Fitzgerald, Michael. "IMPULSIVITY AND SUICIDE". Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry 38, n. 8 (agosto 1999): 939–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004583-199908000-00002.

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31

Goldston, David B. "IMPULSIVITY AND SUICIDE". Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry 38, n. 8 (agosto 1999): 940. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004583-199908000-00003.

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Simeon, Daphne. "Impulsivity and Compulsivity". CNS Spectrums 3, n. 1 (gennaio 1998): 65–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1092852900005411.

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Rasmussen, Jessica L., Timothy A. Brown, Gail S. Steketee e David H. Barlow. "Impulsivity in hoarding". Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders 2, n. 2 (aprile 2013): 183–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jocrd.2013.02.004.

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Volavka, Jan. "Impulsivity and Aggression". Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences 8, n. 1 (febbraio 1996): 110–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/jnp.8.1.110.

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Evenden, J. L. "Varieties of impulsivity". Psychopharmacology 146, n. 4 (21 ottobre 1999): 348–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/pl00005481.

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Swann, Alan C. "Impulsivity in mania". Current Psychiatry Reports 11, n. 6 (29 novembre 2009): 481–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11920-009-0073-2.

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Pearson, Paul R., Leslie J. Francis e Trevor J. Lightbown. "Impulsivity and religiosity". Personality and Individual Differences 7, n. 1 (gennaio 1986): 89–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0191-8869(86)90112-1.

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Campbell, John B. "Measures of impulsivity". Personality and Individual Differences 8, n. 3 (gennaio 1987): 451. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0191-8869(87)90051-1.

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Victor, James B., Charles F. Halverson e Ruth B. Montague. "Relations between reflectionimpulsivity and behavioral impulsivity in preschool children." Developmental Psychology 21, n. 1 (1985): 141–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.21.1.141.

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Cyders, Melissa A. "The misnomer of impulsivity: Commentary on “choice impulsivity” and “rapid-response impulsivity” articles by Hamilton and colleagues." Personality Disorders: Theory, Research, and Treatment 6, n. 2 (2015): 204–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/per0000123.

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Sokić, Katarina, Đuro Horvat e Sanja Gutić Martinčić. "How Impulsivity influences the Post-purchase Consumer Regret?" Business Systems Research Journal 11, n. 3 (1 novembre 2020): 14–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bsrj-2020-0024.

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AbstractBackgroundThe role of impulsivity in post-purchase consumer regret is unclear and intriguing because of the negative emotions that underlie both constructs. It is particularly important to examine the impact of impulsivity on the relationship between regret and the Emotionality dimension of the HEXACO model of personality.ObjectivesThe purpose of this paper was to investigate the associations between consumer regret components: outcome regret and process regret, attention, motor and non-planning dimensions of impulsivity and Fearfulness, Anxiety, Dependence and Sentimentality domains of Emotionality.Methods/ApproachThe sample consisted of undergraduates from Zagreb, Croatia (Mage = 25.93, 56% females). The correlation and the regression analysis were performed. We used the Baratt impulsivity scale (BIS-11), the HEXACO-PI-R Emotionality scale and the Post Purchase Regret Scale (PPRS).ResultsThe PPCR total score was associated with the BIS-11 total score, attention and non-planning impulsivity. Regret due to foregone alternatives was related to attention and non-planning impulsivity, while regret due to a change in significance was related only to attention impulsivity. Regret due to under-consideration positively correlated with non-planning impulsivity.ConclusionsThe results indicate that relations between impulsivity and consumer regret have an important role in understanding consumer behavior and that impulsivity has a moderate association between consumer regret and Emotionality.

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Khemakhem, K., J. Boudabous, L. Cherif, H. Ayadi, A. Walha, Y. Moalla, I. Hadjkacem e F. Ghribi. "Impulsivity in Adolescent with Depressive Disorders". European Psychiatry 41, S1 (aprile 2017): S124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.1927.

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IntroductionHowever, impulsivity is more likely to be present in externalizing disorders, little focus seems to have been made on the research of impulsivity in depression.ObjectiveOn this study, we sought to investigate impulsivity among adolescent with Depressive disorder compared to a control sample.Subjects and methodsEmploying a matched case-control study, participants included 100 adolescents divided into two groups: 30 adolescents (12 to 17 years) with depressive disorder and a control sample of 70 adolescents. Participants were recruited during a period of 2 years (2015, 2016). Depressive disorder patient were drawn from the consultation unit or inpatient unit of the department of child psychiatry in Sfax, Tunisia. Controls were recruited from two secondary schools and they haven’t depressive symptoms according to the child depression inventory (CDI). Impulsivity was evaluated in the two groups by the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11), an instrument designed to measure trait impulsivity.ResultsAdolescents with depressive disorder displayed significantly higher total BIS-11 impulsivity scores than controls (71.6 ± 16 vs 61.6 ± 9; P = 0.003). They scored significantly higher than the controls on motor (P = 0.0001) and attentional impulsivity (P = 0.006). There was no difference in non-planning Impulsivity between the two groups. Motor impulsivity was high in adolescents with history of suicide attempt.ConclusionOur findings suggest that trait impulsivity is increased among adolescents with depressive disorder. Impulsivity seems to be a risk factor for suicide attempts, so it that should be systematically evaluated in depressive disorder.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Skandali, N., BJ Sahakian, TWR Robbins e V. Voon. "#3071 Acute escitalopram administration increases premature responding as a function of reward magnitude in healthy male volunteers". Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 92, n. 8 (16 luglio 2021): A8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2021-bnpa.20.

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ObjectivesImpulsivity is a multifaceted construct that involves a tendency to act prematurely with little foresight, reflection or control. Waiting impulsivity is one aspect of action impulsivity and is commonly studied in animals using tasks such as the 5-choice serial reaction time task (5CSRTT).1 It is neurochemically distinct from motor response inhibition defined as the ability to restrain or cancel a pre-potent motor response and measured with no-go and stop-signal tasks respectively.1 Serotonin modulates waiting impulsivity as decreased serotonergic transmission promotes premature responding in the rodent 5CSRT and the human analogue 4CSRT task.2 Potential mechanisms contributing to waiting impulsivity include proactive or tonic inhibition, motivational processes and sensitivity to feedback and delay.3 Higher waiting impulsivity in response to high reward cues was previously associated with greater subthalamic nucleus connectivity with orbitofrontal cortex and greater subgenual cingulate connectivity with anterior insula.4MethodsWe administered a clinically relevant dose of escitalopram (20mg) in healthy subjects in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-groups design study and assessed its effect on waiting impulsivity using the well-validated 4CSRT task. Compared to previous studies,2 4 we added another test block with increased potential gain to assess the interaction between premature responding and reward processing. We recruited sixty-six healthy participants who completed an extensive neuropsychological test battery assessing probabilistic reversal learning, set-shifting, response inhibition, emotional processing and waiting impulsivity. Sixty participants (N=60, 26 females, 34 males) completed the 4CSRT task with N=30 in the escitalopram and N=30 in the placebo group, due to technical errors and experienced side-effects for the remaining six participants. The results of the other cognitive tasks are reported separately.5ResultsEscitalopram increased premature responding in the high incentive condition of the 4CSRT task, p=.028, t= 2.275, this effect being driven by male participants, p=.019, t=2.532 (for females, p>.05). We further show that escitalopram increased premature responses after a premature response in the same block again in male participants only, p=.034, Mann-Whitney U= 61.500. We found no correlation between premature responding in the 4CSRT task, in any test block, and the Stop-signal reaction time, the primary measure of the stop-signal task completed by the same participants (reported in [5]).ConclusionsWe show that acute escitalopram increased premature responding in healthy male participants only in high incentive conditions potentially mediated potentially through an effect on increased incentive salience. We also show that acute escitalopram increased perseverative responding thus producing a maladaptive response strategy. We show no correlation between SSRT and premature responding in the same participants consistent with these two forms of impulsivity being neurochemically and anatomically distinct. We interpret our findings in the context of acute escitalopram decreasing serotonergic transmission in some brain areas through inhibitory actions on terminal 5-HT release mediated by auto-receptors on raphe 5-HT neurons analogous to the presumed transient reduction in 5-HT activity caused by ATD.5Our findings provide further insights in the relationship of premature responding and reward processing and our understanding of pathological impulse control behaviours.References Eagle DM, Bari A, Robbins TW. The neuropsychopharmacology of action inhibition: cross-species translation of the stop-signal and go/no-go tasks. Psychopharmacology 2008;199(3):439456. Worbe Y, Savulich G, Voon V, Fernandez-Egea E, Robbins TW. Serotonin depletion induces waiting impulsivityon the human four-choice serial reaction time task: cross-species translational significance. Neuropsychopharmacology 2014;39(6):15191526. Voon V. Models of impulsivity with a focus on waiting impulsivity: translational potential for neuropsychiatric disorders. Current Addiction Reports 2014;1(4):281288. Mechelmans DJ, Strelchuk D, Doamayor N, Banca P, Robbins TW, Baek K, et al. Reward sensitivity and waiting impulsivity: shift towards reward valuation away from action control. International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology 2017;20(12):971978. Skandali N, Rowe JB, Voon V, Deakin JB, Cardinal RN, Cormack F, et al. Dissociable effects of acute SSRI (escitalopram) on executive, learning and emotional functions in healthy humans. Neuropsychopharmacology 2018;43(13):26452651.

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Nuijten, Mascha, Peter Blanken, Wim Van den Brink, Anna E. Goudriaan e Vincent M. Hendriks. "Impulsivity and attentional bias as predictors of modafinil treatment outcome for retention and drug use in crack-cocaine dependent patients: Results of a randomised controlled trial". Journal of Psychopharmacology 30, n. 7 (4 maggio 2016): 616–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269881116645268.

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Background: High impulsivity and attentional bias are common in cocaine-dependent patients and predict poor treatment outcomes. The pharmacological agent modafinil is studied for its cognitive-enhancing capacities and may therefore improve clinical outcomes in crack-cocaine dependent patients. In this study, we investigated first whether pre-treatment impulsivity and attentional bias predict treatment outcome; next whether the drug modafinil given as an add-on treatment to cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) improves impulsivity and attentional bias; and last, whether changes in impulsivity and attentional bias are related to improvements in treatment outcome. Methods: Crack-cocaine dependent outpatients ( n = 65) were randomised to 12 weeks CBT plus modafinil (400 mg/day) or only CBT. Self-reported impulsivity was assessed at baseline using the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale. At baseline and Week 12, we assessed inhibitory control as a behavioural measure of impulsivity, in terms of cognitive interference (Stroop task) and response inhibition (‘stop-signal task’), and attentional bias with the addiction Stroop task. Clinical outcomes were CBT-retention and crack-cocaine use. Results: At baseline, self-reported impulsivity predicted better CBT-retention; low self-reported and behavioural impulsivity and attentional bias predicted less crack-cocaine use. Changes in cognitive performance were not modafinil-related, but most likely due to low adherence. Improvements in impulsivity or attentional bias were not associated with CBT-retention nor changes in crack-cocaine use. Conclusions: Baseline impulsivity and attentional bias predicted clinical outcomes in crack-cocaine dependent patients. There were no firm indications that modafinil reduced impulsivity nor attentional bias in this population. Future studies involving cognitive-enhancing medications should include strategies to optimise adherence, to be better able to evaluate their potential.

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Ferreira, Bárbara P., Leandro F. Malloy-Diniz, Juliana O. Parma, Nathálya G. H. M. Nogueira, Tércio Apolinário-Souza, Herbert Ugrinowitsch e Guilherme M. Lage. "Self-Controlled Feedback and Learner Impulsivity in Sequential Motor Learning". Perceptual and Motor Skills 126, n. 1 (6 novembre 2018): 157–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0031512518807341.

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Many studies have attributed self-controlled feedback benefits associated with motor learning to learners' greater information processing during practice. However, individual learner characteristics like their impulsivity can also influence how people engage cognitively during learning. We investigated possible dissociations between the types of interaction in self-controlled knowledge of results (KR) and learner impulsivity levels in learning a sequential motor task. Ninety volunteers responded to the self-restraint section of the Barkley deficits in executive functioning scale, and those 60 participants with the highest ( n = 30) and lowest ( n = 30) impulsivity scores practiced a motor task involving sequential pressing of four keys in predetermined absolute and relative times. We further divided participants into four experimental groups by assigning the high- and low-impulsivity groups to two forms of KR—self-controlled absolute and yoked. Study results showed no interaction effect between impulsivity and self-controlled KR, and, contrary to expectation, self-controlled KR did not benefit learning, independently of impulsivity. However, low-impulsivity participants performed better than high-impulsivity participants on the absolute dimension of the transfer task, while high-impulsivity learners were better at the relative dimension. Cognitive characteristics of automatic and reflexive processing were expressed by the strategies used to direct attention to relative and absolute task dimensions, respectively. Low-impulsivity learners switched their attention to both dimensions at the end of practice, while high-impulsivity learners did not switch their attention or directed it only to the relative dimension at the end of the practice. These results suggest that the cognitive styles of high- and low-impulsive learners differentially favor learning distinct dimensions of a motor task, regardless of self-controlled KR.

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Vigil-Coleṭ, Andreu, e Fabia Morales-Vives. "How Impulsivity is Related to Intelligence and Academic Achievement". Spanish Journal of Psychology 8, n. 2 (novembre 2005): 199–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1138741600005072.

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This study investigated the relationships between impulsivity, intelligence, and academic failure in a sample of 241 secondary school students who completed Thurstone's (1938) Primary Mental Abilities (PMA) test and Dickman's (1990) and Barratt's (1985) impulsivity questionnaires (DII and BIS-10, respectively). Results show an inverse relationship between impulsivity and intelligence, specific to the scales with higher loadings on crystallized intelligence, and a positive relationship between impulsivity and academic failure. These results indicate that impulsivity is not directly related to intelligence and may act as a moderator variable between individuals' resources and their achievements.

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Cao, Qilong, e Jing An. "Boredom Proneness and Aggression Among People With Substance Use Disorder: The Mediating Role of Trait Anger and Impulsivity". Journal of Drug Issues 50, n. 1 (21 novembre 2019): 77–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022042619886822.

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Boredom proneness has been linked to aggressive behaviors; however, the relationship between them is not well understood. To better understand the mechanism underlying the relationship between boredom proneness and aggression, a serial multiple mediator model was built, where boredom proneness impacted aggression simultaneously through (a) impulsivity, (b) trait anger, and (c) impulsivity to trait anger. Using data collected among Chinese substance users, a battery of interview questionnaires was completed. Results from this study indicate a positive relationship between boredom proneness, impulsivity, trait anger, and aggression. Moreover, the mediating role of impulsivity, trait anger, and both impulsivity and trait anger in serial were found. This study reflects that the link from boredom proneness to aggression among substances users could be partially explained via impulsivity and anger.

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Lokita, Karisa Elisabeth, Frieda Maryam Mangunsong Siahaan e Pratiwi Widyasari. "The mediating effect of emotion regulation on the mindfulness and impulsivity of high school students". Psikohumaniora: Jurnal Penelitian Psikologi 6, n. 2 (30 novembre 2021): 199–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.21580/pjpp.v6i2.8953.

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During adolescence, impulsivity usually escalates, increasing the risk of addiction and affecting academic achievement negatively. Mindfulness has been found to be one of the ways to regulate impulsivity, and emotion regulation can mediate the relationship between mindfulness and impulsivity. This research therefore aims to establish whether emotion regulation mediates the relationship between mindfulness and impulsivity amongst high school students. Quantitative research employing Hayes’ PROCESS mediation analysis was conducted. The participants, 390 Indonesian high school students aged 15-18, were collected using online questionnaires measuring mindfulness, impulsivity, and emotion dysregulation. The results show that emotion regulation partially mediated the relationship between mindfulness and impulsivity (ab = -.11, BootSE = 0.02, BootCI 95% [-0.16, -0.07]). Mindfulness increased emotion regulation skills, which in turn reduced impulsivity in high school students. The implications of the study are important in helping adolescents manage impulsiveness during the period of vulnerability to risk-taking. The use of mindfulness in schools could help manage the emotional and behavioral problems of high school adolescents.

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Van Zalk, Nejra, Maria Tillfors e Ewa Mörtberg. "Social Anxiety-Impulsivity Subgroups and Links to Later Emotional Adjustment in Adolescence: A Latent Transition Analysis". Journal of Early Adolescence 40, n. 9 (19 maggio 2020): 1397–426. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0272431620919153.

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A growing body of research has acknowledged the heterogeneity of subclinical social anxiety, identifying a subgroup of individuals who exhibit high levels of impulsivity. In a sample of Swedish early adolescents ( N = 2,509, Mage = 13.64; 52.8% girls), we conducted latent transition analyses (LTA) to identify four classes of subclinical social anxiety-impulsivity across three time points. We identified a Low Social Anxiety-Low Impulsivity class, as well as a High Anxiety-High Impulsivity class for girls and boys, which had high levels of Time-4 internalizing problems. The latter class was less stable but larger for boys. There was also a more typical High Anxiety-Low Impulsivity class for both genders. Nevertheless, Low Anxiety-High Impulsivity girls and boys fared the worst in terms of both internalizing and externalizing problems later on. To our knowledge, this is the first study to adopt an LTA framework to investigate trajectories of early adolescent social anxiety-impulsivity over time.

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Santana, Rachel Primo, Jess Kerr-Gaffney, Anda Ancane e Allan H. Young. "Impulsivity in Bipolar Disorder: State or Trait?" Brain Sciences 12, n. 10 (5 ottobre 2022): 1351. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci12101351.

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Impulsive behaviour is a key characteristic of mania in bipolar disorder (BD). However, there is mixed evidence as to whether impulsivity is a trait feature of the disorder, present in the euthymic state in the absence of mania. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine whether impulsivity is elevated in euthymic BD in comparison to controls. Electronic databases were searched for papers published until April 2022 reporting data on a self-report or behavioural measure of impulsivity in a euthymic BD group and a healthy control group. In total, 46 studies were identified. Euthymic BD showed significantly higher levels of self-reported impulsivity compared to controls (large effect size). Euthymic BD also showed significantly higher levels of impulsivity on response inhibition and inattention tasks, with moderate and large effect sizes, respectively. Only two studies measured delay of gratification, finding no significant differences between groups. Our results suggest impulsivity may be a trait feature of BD, however longitudinal cohort studies are required to confirm whether elevated impulsivity is present before illness onset. Future research should establish whether cognitive interventions are beneficial in improving impulsivity in BD.

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