Tesi sul tema "ICARO (Project)"
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GISSI, ELENA. "Brasilia, a contemporary meta-project". Doctoral thesis, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11566/243022.
Testo completoSilva, Evandro José da. "Análise dos padrões e recomendações da ICAO e da FAA para o projeto geométrico de aeródromos". Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3138/tde-16112012-122259/.
Testo completoThis Master Thesis tackles aerodrome geometric design according to the standards and recommended practices from the ICAO (International Civil Aviation Organization) and the FAA (Federal Aviation Administration). ICAO standards and recommended practices are from the document Annex 14 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation and from the referred documents. In turn, FAA documents herein addressed are the Airport Design: Advisory Circular 150/5300-13 and others referred in this one. By following a proposed design criteria framework, ICAO and FAA standards and recommended practices are compared. From such comparison, it is shown the differences in specifications itself and also in the way by which ICAO and FAA specify their standards. For the cases where direct comparisons are not possible, it is used a set of aircrafts of known characteristics. For the most complex design criteria, mathematical equations are also proposed. Another addressed issue is the flexibilization of design standards, which aims the accommodation of A380-800 and B747-8 aircrafts at existing airports. The ICAO flexibilizations are made from conclusions of the A380 Airport Compatibility Group (AACG) and the Boeing 747-8 Airport Compatibility Group (BACG). FAA flexibilizations are from this same agency, namely through EBs (Engineering Briefs). Lastly, the addressed design criteria are applied to analyse the operation of A380-800 and B747-8 aircrafts at São Paulo/Guarulhos International Airport.
LENNA, VERENA. "The project of property as emancipation. A Community Land Trust in Brussels". Doctoral thesis, Università IUAV di Venezia, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11578/319386.
Testo completoMORO, MARCO. "The project of informal education. A design trajectory of university architectures in postwar Latin America and Italy". Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11584/315903.
Testo completoMontermini, Emiliano <1988>. "Restoration at the time of economic crisis: an analysis of banking foundations’ grants and projects between 2008 and 2012". Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/5136.
Testo completoGuedj, Mikaël. "Peut-on déléguer le tri des urgences ophtalmologiques à un algorithme informatisé auto-implémenté par le patient ? : le projet ICARE (Interactive Care Assessment of Risk factors and Emergency levels)". Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCB190.
Testo completoEvery year in France, 4 million emergency consultations are not justified from a medical point of view and almost half of the patients presenting to the Emergency Department could be treated elsewhere, thus releasing the Emergency Departments to take care of the real urgent situations. The overcrowding of the ERs led the services to set up a prioritization of care for the reception of patients; this prioritization is not standardized nor rationalized. We designed a computerized tool to sort emergency levels based on a patient's symptoms, background, and medical context. By this tool, called iCare, the patient alone or assisted by a third party, must be able to detect and prioritize his symptoms leading to an urgent consultation, as opposed to less urgent or non-urgent symptoms. The evaluation of the iCare algorithm regarding ocular pathologies aims to run a generalizable and reproducible sorting tool within the different care units, but also to improve patient autonomy in the understanding of their symptoms and their use of the healthcare system (e-health concept of empowerment). The main objective of our "interventional research involving only minimal risks and constraints" was to validate the iCare sorting algorithm, determining the appropriate level of urgency corresponding to the clinical situations encountered. This validity was based on the calculations of sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values. The chosen gold-standard was the level of emergency determined by the doctor after his consultation. A number of 1000 patients presenting for an ophthalmological emergency were offered to participate in research upon arrival at the reception of two Parisian health centers (Rothschild Foundation, Vernes Institute), from the date of protocol acceptance by the Committee for the Protection of Persons in biomedical research (CPP). If the patient consented to participate in research, a Clinical Study Technician (CST) made him fill in the iCare algorithm, presented as an interactive questionnaire on touchscreen tablet, whose implementation took less than two minutes. At the end of this implementation, a level of emergency A, B, C or D was provided by the program. The level of emergency attributed by the algorithm was unknown to either the patient or the doctor who was going to examine him. The level of emergency determined by the physician at the end of his clinical examination (gold standard of the primary endpoint) was collected as a level A, B, C, D or as binary choice Urgent / No Urgent (U / NU). Other parameters, such as the time required and the need for filling assistance, the reason for consultation, demographics and on-site waiting time were also analyzed. This thesis outlines a state of the art of the word "e-health" in 2018, addresses the current public health issues related to high traffic in emergency services in France, and features the iCare tool as a potential solution to simplify and rationalize the sorting of emergency levels in ophthalmology (public health feature), as a means of health education and empowerment of patients in the reading of their symptoms (empowerment feature), but also as a generalizable tool for big data reporting of the reasons for consultation in the emergency wards, private practices or even at home health-related internet researches (epidemiological feature)
RAPETTI, NICCOLO'. "BIM implementation for infrastructure projects: Methods and tools for information modeling and management". Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2827715.
Testo completoRONZINO, ANDREA. "Unpacking Robin Hood gardens: the troubled history of a British public housing project (1952) 1963/1972 (2018)". Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2914548.
Testo completoSEMERARO, FRANCESCO. "The Building Information Modelling and Management approach for Public Contracting Authorities of infrastructure projects". Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2827713.
Testo completoCOCCO, GIOVANNI BATTISTA. "Le projet urbain dans la requalification : approche comparative entre l'Italie et la France". Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11584/265893.
Testo completoSAVIO, LORENZO. "Retrofit energetico per l’edilizia residenziale Le azioni della città di Alessandria nel progetto dimostrativo europeo Concerto AL-Piano e nello Strategic Energy Action Plan". Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2655249.
Testo completoCAROTA, FRANCESCO. "China Brand Homes: Business history and projects¿ analysis of China Vanke Co. Ltd., 1988-2016". Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2742534.
Testo completoZATTA, ELISA. "Reuse Design Project: Strategie e strumenti per il riuso di elementi edilizi in architettura come preservazione delle risorse materiali". Doctoral thesis, Università IUAV di Venezia, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11578/302256.
Testo completoMAFRICI, NOEMI. "Planning a Monumental London in the Early Nineteenth Century. Projects, administrative machine, time and people around Regent Street". Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2711803.
Testo completoDAL, PALU' DORIANA. "Sound as a project requirement. Evolution of an experimental tool for psychoacoustic evaluation of materials in architecture and design". Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2644175.
Testo completoRADI, Valentina. "ARCHITETTURA, INVOLUCRO ed ENERGIA: abitare ad alta efficienza energetica nelle regioni Mediterranee". Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Ferrara, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11392/2389311.
Testo completoBRUSCO, STEFANO. "Transient phenomena induced by thunderstorm outflows on slender structures". Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Genova, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11567/1051022.
Testo completoRAMONDETTI, LEONARDO. "The Enriched Field. Urbanising the Central Plains of China". Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2842525.
Testo completoCANEPA, FEDERICO. "Physical Investigation of Downburst Winds and Applicability to Full Scale Events". Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Genova, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/11567/1069704.
Testo completoBisello, Adriano. "Smart and sustainable projects at the energy-district level. How to assess them based on the co-benefits paradigm". Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3425852.
Testo completoIl tema principale di questa tesi di dottorato è costituito dal concetto di “co-beneficio” (in inglese co-benefit), qui inteso come un paradigma di valutazione di progetti urbani innovativi. In questa ricerca, il co-beneficio è definito come un qualsiasi impatto o effetto po-sitivo che ecceda l'obiettivo primario del progetto, indipendentemente dalla intenzionalità o meno con cui esso si manifesta. Nello specifico, poiché i progetti qui analizzati sono volti alla creazione di distretti energetici intelligenti e sostenibili (in inglese Smart and Sustainable Energy District Projects – SSEDPs) o alla rigenerazione di quartieri esistenti, il loro obiettivo primario può essere considerato duplice: riduzione delle emissioni di CO2 e raggiungimento di risparmi energetici. Per studiare l'applicabilità del paradigma di valutazione, il lavoro di tesi si concentra sia su questioni metodologiche che operative, ognuna sviluppata in una singola ricerca. Il tema generale e le quattro ricerche specifiche sono riassunti nel capitolo 1 "Introduzione e presentazione dei research papers", che offre inoltre un breve excursus su attività di ricerca complementari. Poi, le quattro ricerche sono sviluppate in altrettanti capitoli della tesi. Il nucleo del lavoro si apre con due indagini generali relative a (i) identificazione co-benefici e loro classificazione in una logica di smart city, e (ii) definizione delle più opportune tecniche di monetizzazione a loro applicabili. Da qui il lavoro procede con due attività di investigazione e analisi sul campo dei co-benefici, ovvero (iii) determinazione del valore marginale implicito della prestazione energetica nel prezzo di offerta degli immobili residenziali, e (iv) pesatura dei benefici attesi dichiarati dai proprietari immobiliari nel commissionare una ristrutturazione energetica radicale (in inglese deep energy retrofit) della propria residenza. Per identificare e classificare i co-benefici, in relazione alle differenti attività di progetto, è stato necessario stabilire un lessico comune tra le varie espressioni e definizioni rintracciabili in diversi contesti. Si è reso inoltre necessario, nella fase preliminare, definire i confini della ricerca, così come la dimensione di riferimento, per evitare un doppio conteggio dello stesso co-beneficio. Nel capitolo 2 "Descrizione e tassonomia dei co-benefici sulla base delle esperienze europee", si propone una classificazione fondata sulle evidenze riportate dai progetti riguardanti la realizzazione di quartieri sostenibili e di sistemi energetici urbani con integrazione di fonti energetiche rinnovabili. Data la vastità e diversità dei progetti urbani definiti smart, sostenibili, o da entrambe i termini, è stato necessario individuare un sottoinsieme di progetti con caratteristiche simili ed equiparabili. Ad essi è stata attribuita la dicitura di Smart and Sustainable Energy District Projects – SSEDPs. In tal modo, l'attenzione della ricerca si è concentrata su 36 SSEDPs, alcuni già conclusi, altri ancora in esecuzione, finanziati dall’Unione Europea (UE) all’interno di due importanti iniziative: "Concerto" e "Smart Cities and Communities". I co-benefici, attesi o già riscontrati, sono stati ottenuti accedendo alle fonti ufficiali (quali siti web e report) e incrociandoli rispetto alla letteratura specializzata di settore. Si sono così ottenute 156 diverse espressioni riferibili agli impatti positivi. Dopo un confronto approfondito e iterativo condotto da un gruppo di esperti, si è giunti alla formulazione di una lista sintetica di 19 co-benefici urbani di preminente interesse. Infine, per mostrare quanto rilevante sia il contributo di questi progetti al miglioramento della qualità della vita dei cittadini e della competitività urbana, è stata elaborata una tassonomia dei co-benefici basata sulle sette dimensioni della smart city (ambiente naturale, servizi, comunità, governance, economia, ambiente costruito, mobilità). Il capitolo 3 "Metodologie di valutazione economica" affronta il problema di fornire una panoramica di quali possano essere le metodologie adeguate per la valutazione economica dei co-benefici, e di creare un quadro di riferimento applicabile ai principali co-be-nefici urbani evidenziati dagli SSEDPs finanziati dalla UE. L'obiettivo è quello di esplorare la fattibilità di un approccio allargato, incorporante i co-benefici, nella formulazione di ana-lisi costi-benefici (in inglese Cost-Benefit Analysis - CBA), e pertanto di offrire al quadro decisionale una quantificazione monetaria di tutti gli effetti positivi e negativi. A causa della specificità di alcuni co-benefici, oltre alla identificazione diretta del valore di mercato, sono state ipotizzate le tecniche non di mercato strategicamente applicabili per la definizione del loro valore. Tali tecniche permettono di indagare le preferenze dei consumatori a partire da singole abitudini di acquisto (preferenze rivelate) o chiedendo loro diretta-mente di esprimersi sulle preferenze (preferenze dichiarate). Per una minoranza di co-benefici, anche una monetizzazione del valore del capitale umano dovrebbe essere inclusa per completare l'intero quadro. Come risultato, ancora una volta riferendosi alla letteratura scientifica specializzata e coinvolgendo un team multidisciplinare di esperti nel dibattito, è stato possibile sviluppare un "menù di valutazione", suggerendo indicatori e tecniche applicabili ai progetti esaminati. Il menù comprende anche alcuni valori stimati riportati da altri studi, esempi di applicazione pratica in contesti simili, e le tecniche o approcci suggeriti per analogia alla letteratura di riferimento. Nel capitolo 4 "Un modello di prezzo edonico per l’analisi della prestazione energetica negli edifici" è testato nella città di Bolzano. Questa tecnica di stima individua i fattori determinanti il prezzo dell’immobile (applicabile alle transazioni quanto ai prezzi di offerta, come in questo caso) in base alla premessa che esso sia determinato da caratteristiche intrinseche del bene stesso posto in vendita e da caratteristiche estrinseche. La ricerca costituisce un primo tentativo di scomporre il prezzo di offerta degli immobili residenziali di Bolzano comprendendo tra i fattori rilevanti intrinseci anche la classe riportata dall'attestato di certificazione energetica (in inglese Energy performance certificate - EPC). Ac-cedendo a un portale internet immobiliare specializzato, sono stati raccolti 1.130 annunci, successivamente geolocalizzati e analizzati utilizzando sistemi informativi geografici (in inglese Geographic Information System - GIS). Lo scopo di questo passaggio, aggiuntivo rispetto ad un classico modello edonico, è stato quello di verificare la presenza di auto-correlazione spaziale, ed eventualmente correggere la stima ottenuta sulla base del metodo dei minimi quadrati (in inglese Ordinary Least Squares - OLS). Questo poiché, come evidenziato dalla letteratura, una non considerazione delle relazioni spaziali, in presenza di forte dipendenza spaziale, porterebbe a risultati distorti della stima. Dopo un attento affinamento del campione, il contributo marginale della classe energetica nella determinazione del prezzo di offerta, prendendo come base di riferimento gli immobili in classe peggiore (G), è stato stimato in un aumento del 6,3% per le classi medie (C o D), e del 9,5% per le classi più elevate (A o B), ceteris paribus. Infine, il risultato del modello di regressione dei minimi quadrati è stato confermato, dopo averlo verificato nella componente di autocorrelazione spaziale testando il modello spatial-Lag (per queste fasi sono stati utilizzati i software GIS ArcMap e GeoDa). Nel capitolo 5 "Un approccio basato sui benefici multipli per la comprensione delle priorità dei cittadini nelle ristrutturazioni energetiche", l'attenzione è stata spostata dall’analisi di un co-beneficio specifico a quella di un target specifico. Qui, le priorità dichiarate dai proprietari di immobili residenziali che si approcciano ad un deep energy retrofit della propria abitazione sono espresse e ponderate adottando un metodo di analisi di decisone multi-criteri (in inglese Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis - MCDA). Sulla base dei risultati di una prima fase test, è stato disegnato un albero del processo decisionale articolato in cinque criteri e 15 sotto-criteri, così suddivisi: quattro in "comfort termico e igrometrico"; tre in "design e qualità architettonica", "comfort acustico", "benefici economici"; due in "sostenibilità". Successivamente, un gruppo di dieci esperti nel campo della ristrutturazione energetica e nel settore dell’edilizia residenziale (selezionati tra quelli attivi in Alto Adige), è stato intervistato applicando la tecnica dell’Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), che con-sente la valutazione di criteri qualitativi attraverso il confronto a coppie. In questo studio è stato utilizzato il software "Superdecision", che è specificamente progettato per suppor-tare la raccolta dei dati e la validazione dei risultati AHP. Dai risultati ottenuti emerge, come era intuibile dato il contesto normativo attuale, che la dimensione dei "benefici economici" gioca un ruolo considerevole nella scelta (38% della rilevanza globale). Tuttavia, un'analisi trasversale dei benefici attesi che coinvolgono aspetti della salute e del benessere degli occupanti rivela che questi coprono il 41% della motivazione complessiva. Lo studio evidenzia quindi come tali punti debbano essere attentamente considerati non solo in fase di redazione dei singoli progetti, ma anche nelle strategie di comunicazione e all'interno di ciascuna fase di partecipazione nel caso di progetti nei quali il decisore (pubblico o privato) non corrisponda all'occupante. La tesi termina con il capitolo 6 "Conclusioni", dove sonno riepilogati i percorsi delle quattro indagini precedentemente descritte e sono brevemente riassunti i risultati. Sono inoltre evidenziati possibili sviluppi futuri, proposti come un impulso per indagini più approfondite o per ricerche trasversali.
ABU, KHALAF MOTASEM. "Environmental impacts assessment and horizons of rehabilitation of abandoned limestone quarries: a case study from the Southern part of the West Bank". Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2108/1256.
Testo completoThe stone quarries in the West Bank were long excavated to meet the increasing demand for building material. Until to date of this search, there exist no plans for post-quarrying use of the abandoned sites. Quarries that are left untreated after closure cause extensive land disturbances and have negative safety and environmental impacts. The impact is ranging from the removal of the original ecosystems, the significant change of the original topography, the irreversible disruption of the fundamental ecological relations, and the reduced biodiversity. The core of this study is the evaluation of the environmental risks resulted from the stone quarries in the southern part of the West Bank are and the aspects of rehabilitating abandoned quarries and their future designation land use, emphasizing the theme of abandoned quarries in the study area. The area of interest of 80 km2 was determined and delineated based on the distribution of quarries and the surrounding urbanized clusters. Quarrying sites are divided into nine clusters and about fourty quarries outside these clusters. Each cluster was delineated and described in terms of its area and the number of quarries. The location of each quarry outside and inside cluster was also determined using aerial photographs. To provide the data necessary for the assessment of environmental risks and land-use planning tools, the physical and demographic statuses of the area were described. The quarry were examined and potential impacts on the surrounding land-uses were identified during a site visits to the area. Various thematic geographic features have been included in the analysis and evaluation of the quarries negative environmental impacts. The following environmental impacts were addressed according to the collected data:-(Environmental Pollution which includes”air pollution/Noise pollution/water pollution/soil pollution”;effects on land use;effects on biodiversity;effects on landscape and socio-economical effects). During the study period, many site and field visits were carried out to several abandoned quarries in the study area. In the other hand, several visits to the Municipalities of the main three cites of our study area were carried out. A literature survey for all the related material to stone and marble industry was carried out since the beginning of the research. It included the publications of the Stone and Marble Industry Union and other applied researches published by researchers from the local universities and scientific institutions, publications of the Environmental Quality Authority (EQA), Ministry of National Economy, Ministry of Agriculture ,Municipalities of the four towns and the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS). As to the area delineation part, a detailed, intensive and comprehensive work using the Geographical Information System (GIS) was done, the physical and demographic statuses of the area were being described. The quarry sites and their areas have been examined. Physical features and population data for the whole area were collected and inserted into the GIS structure. These data could be displayed as follows:-(Land cover/use, topography, soil, geology, main and local roads and the built up area clusters). Final recommendations have been divided into general long term addressed to governmental and planning bodies and Practical short term recommendations are addressed for any organization which can sponsor implementing rehabilitation programs for some of the recommended sites. The ranked post-closure uses proposed in this study response to the specific land use needs are: land reclamation for agricultural purposes or development projects (playing fields with retail services, gardens, composting facility, temporary water reservoir, housing units and health center). According to the collected data and analysis, the optimal land use of these abandoned quarries was determined according to the characteristics of their nearby environment and their physical and demographic status. In the present study, an environmental database was created by using Geographic Information Systems (GIS), and by cross-checking data of abandoned quarries and their location according to different designated planning areas with the locality development priorities and needs that were set by the administrative authorities of the surrounding area. The research findings show that more abandoned quarries are located in areas designated for conservation than in areas intended for development projects. Therefore, abandoned quarries that are located in conservation areas should be rehabilitated as open spaces. Those in urban and rural areas should be rehabilitated as development projects, or as open spaces and agricultural land uses, or as combined land uses.
CARRUCCIU, SILVIA. "Progetti contemporanei nei paesaggi consolidati del Mediterraneo. La modulazione della luce come strumento di analisi compositiva". Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11584/266491.
Testo completoSerrao, Livia. "Fluvial and climatic controls on tropical agriculture and adaptation strategies in data-scarce contexts". Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trento, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/11572/351060.
Testo completoGALLO, Giuseppe. "Architettura e second digital turn, l’evoluzione degli strumenti informatici e il progetto". Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Palermo, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10447/514731.
Testo completoThe digital condition that has gradually hybridized our lives, transforming atoms into bits, has now cemented itself in our society, enriching post-modernity and determining a new form of liquidity that has sharpened with the advent of the internet. It is a historical moment marked by a new digital maturity, evident in our diverse relationship to data and in the spread of advanced machine learning methods, which both promise a new understanding of contemporary complexity as well as contribute to the propagation of the technical apparatus throughout the world. These changes, so profound as to affect our culture, are changing our way of perceiving space, and therefore of inhabiting it: conditions that undoubtedly have repercussions on architectural design in its capacity as a human activity geared towards human beings. The increased complexity that has touched our discipline with Postmodernism has meanwhile found new support in Derridian deconstruction, in a historical moment marked by great emphasis on the opportunities that digital tools offer. These are means we first welcomed into our discipline exclusively as tools for representation, and ones that then themselves determined the emergence of new approaches based on the inclusive potential of continuity and variation. None of the protagonists of the first digital turn could probably have imagined the effects that digital culture would now be having on architectural design. A digital culture that has become increasingly stronger due to almost thirty years of both methodological and formal experimentation, as well as to organizational and instrumental changes, starting with the rise of BIM to new algorithmic possibilities represented by visual programming languages and numerical simulations. These have been the primary tools of concentration in the push towards digital, a digital which today has reached a second turn in the field of architecture, identified by Carpo in new design approaches that are now possible thanks to the larger availability of data. A condition that inevitably affects both science and architectural design, but which, nevertheless, fails to fully share a contemporaneity where technology spreads its wings as far as architecture is concerned, thus affecting the meaning of our role within society. With these multifaceted considerations as a starting point, and fully aware of how complex the dialogue we must engage in in order to reconstruct a neutral, historical, and organic as possible vision of the phase that architecture is experiencing, it is my opinion a holistic approach must be established by us. One that is both inclusive and capable of expanding to the point of acquiring a philosophical perspective, as well as being able to attend to areas that cover technical, operational, methodological, instrumental, and relational details. This objective is one I have striven to keep alive throughout the three years of my doctoral research, which in its various phases looks at the mutations that digital technology is producing in society and therefore in architectural design. My research is enriched by the inclusion of ten interviews with prominent protagonists of contemporary architecture, for whose time and availability I am grateful. These testimonials allowed me to see the complexities of contemporary design up close and personal, and they represent a central part of this thesis, which equally aims to provide a historical interpretation of the challenges posed by contemporaneity and to identify the responsibilities that we must uphold for human beings to remain at the centre of our work.
GUARINO, LAURA. "Casà è di chi l'abita. Forme e significati dell'abitare a Casablanca". Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Genova, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11567/1009446.
Testo completoALFONSI, RAFFAELE. "CityMobil2 project. Users preferences for automation and analysis of the ARTS in Oristano". Doctoral thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11573/962783.
Testo completoSelvaggio, Nicola Davide. "L'architettura delle opere di difesa del suolo come rafforzamento dei caratteri identitari del paesaggio". Doctoral thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11589/226562.
Testo completoTHE ARCHITECTURE OF SOIL DEFENSE WORKS AS A STRENGTHENING OF THE IDENTITY CHARACTERS OF THE LANDSCAPE The research focuses on the value that the architectures of risk-defending works assume with respect to urban places and their open landscapes, understood as identity "heritage" to be safeguarded and enhanced. The research aims to develop and define a method, which by analogy, investigates the ways in which good practices or even critical issues with respect to the project experience of architecture are recognized. The thesis is composed and is divided into three parts. The first part sets out the research approach themes by investigating the fragile conditions of the territories linked to the theme of hydrogeological risk, and the formal and expressive characteristics assumed of the defense works. The second part of the research instead attempts to define through a morphological approach, the implicit relationship that hard sciences and technical forms establish with physical forms, making this relationship more evident through drawing. This preparatory aspect to the work on the project is halfway between physical geography and hydraulic engineering, and seeks to make more evident the morphological links between technical forms and orographic forms. The third part develops a method by analogy, which defines a method through the experience on the project of safety from hydrogeological risk, carried out in the domain of architecture. An attempt is made to explain the physical forms and technical forms described in the second part with the interpretation and formal definition of the architectural project, based on the principles defined in the theoretical field and validated through the project application. Specifically, the projects chosen attempt to solve the problem of being able to live with the condition of flooding, in the definition of forms that can accompany the dynamics of the transformation. The recognition of architectural operations, tries to give through an argumentation on the forms, principles of adequacy or inappropriateness on the value of these works. In this perspective, the safety project is considered, rather than as a set of punctual "remedies" unrelated to each other, as an opportunity for rethinking and redefining the landscape on an urban and territorial scale. Through the mitigating project, we want to take the opportunity to rethink and renew the shape of these landscapes, enhancing their identity characteristics, and transforming them into safe, protected and usable places.
Martiradonna, Silvia. "Intelligent precast construction systems: Project, realization, maintenance technology for the optimization of the environment and economic sustainability". Doctoral thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11589/219512.
Testo completoClimate change and recent seismic activity have underlined the inadequacy of the existing RC building stock to protect people from damages that may occur during the building’s life cycle. More than 50% of the existing buildings, constructed in the second post-War World, does not present suitable technical and constructive features due to the haste of rebuilding the cities. They present criticalities regarding performance and durability related to many issues: insufficient structural capacity due to bad designed technical details, obsoleted, inadequate, and deteriorated materials, incorrect execution methods and lack of maintenance. The renovation of these buildings has become a primary long-term strategy in the European scenario. The energy retrofit have the aim to transform the existing buildings into nearly zero-energy buildings, reduce the greenhouse gas emissions and the energy costs related to the need for winter heating and summer cooling. It brings benefits to the internal environment and to the people health and safety. On the other hand, the purpose to adapt the existing structures to the anti-seismic building codes, is mitigating the damage caused by the earthquakes to property and people. Nowadays, there are many traditional interventions which aim to renovate the buildings, though they are expensive, involve long, difficult, and not prompt procedures, but above all, they are separated according to work categories. This doctoral thesis proposes an innovative building renovation system of novel precast concrete (PC) modules devoted to the optimization of the energy and structural performance of the existing RC buildings. It consists in covering the façade with the PC modules with high thermal performance, by means steel elements directly installed on the building. The structural strengthening is assured by a cast-onsite lightweight concrete in the resulting cavity between the novel and the existing wall. Moreover, the system project takes into account the possibility to insert into the stratigraphy, performance monitoring devises for the diagnosis and building automation already during the construction phases and inspect them anytime in case of maintenance. The aim is decreasing time and costs of maintenance, monitoring the building performance, and preventing the damages in case of bad functioning or structural uncertainty. The analysis of the existing building typologies has led to the choice of the less performed façade for which the system stratigraphy has been designed. It has been assumed that if the system improves the performance of the worst building façade for complying with the national codes, it is verified also for the other typologies for which a specific project is necessary. In compliance with the principles of environmental and economic sustainability, the PC panels contain materials from industrial wastes. In detail, an innovative lightweight mortar with recycled Extruded Sintered Polystyrene (rEPS) has been designed and tested in order to get a performed insulating material with high thermal properties. Initial simulated analyses have been performed to understand the system characteristics of thermal insulation, structural strengthening, thus, to apport improvements on technical details. Finiteelement- method models (FEM-models) have been realized with COMSOL Multiphysics software for thermal investigation and SAP2000 for structural assessment. An Italian meaningful case study has been considered in order to simulate the application of the system and estimate the benefits it provides in terms of thermal performance and structural strengthening. The results show deep improvements in thermal performance and stiffness of the building, although a reduction of ductile capacity occurs. Six prototypes of the PC panel have been realized in compliance with the project partner enterprise with the aim to comprehend the production procedure of the building component. The panels have been distinguished in two dimensional categories in function of the height to better understand the ease of transport and installation. A RC frame with brick infill wall has been constructed with features similar to which of the existing building typology selected to design the technology. The wall dimensions have been chosen for applying the six panels in two rows and three columns. Finally, the theoretical procedure for the technological system installation has been really applied to the sample in order to verify the suitability of the phases and the coupling of the panels along vertical and horizontal direction. The positive result of the installation test validated the procedure and the design details.
El cambio climático, unido a la intensa actividad sísmica, pone de manifiesto la falta de adecuación del patrimonio construido existente para proteger la vida de los ciudadanos ante los daños que pueden producirse durante el ciclo de vida de un edificio. Debido a la premura por reconstruir las ciudades tras la II Guerra Mundial, más de la mitad de los edificios existentes se construyeron a partir del 1950 sin las características técnicas adecuadas. Habitualmente, los problemas que caracterizan a estas construcciones se relacionan con su insuficiente capacidad estructural debido a detalles técnicos incorrectos, la presencia de materiales inadecuados y su progresivo deterioro, métodos de ejecución inapropiados, y la falta de mantenimiento. Además, en los últimos años, en materia de Edificación, las políticas de de la Unión Europea, y por ende de los Estados Miembros, se han focalizado en la reducción de las emisiones de gases del efecto invernadero de los edificios y de los costes energéticos relacionados con las necesidades de calefacción en invierno y refrigeración en verano. Estas estrategias energéticas tienen por objeto transformar las estructuras existentes en edificios de consumo casi nulo (nZEB), con el fin de mejorar el confort interior y proteger la salud de los usuarios. Por otra parte, adaptar las estructuras existentes a las normas de los nuevos códigos de construcción antisísmica persigue mitigar las consecuencias de eventos sísmicos. En la actualidad, las intervenciones tradicionales dirigidas a limitar estos problemas requieren plazos y procedimientos de ejecución largos, costosos, a veces peligrosos, pero sobre todo clasificados en base a los diferentes categorías de trabajo o según el ámbito de aplicación. Esta tesis doctoral propone una tecnología de intervención racionalizada basada en un sistema de paneles prefabricados innovadores orientados a la optimización de las prestaciones tanto energéticas como estructurales de edificios existentes con entramado resistente de hormigón armado. La metodología consiste en revestir el edificio con módulos prefabricados de altas prestaciones térmicas, referidos a la fachada mediante elementos metálicos directamente instalados sobre esta. La optimización de su desempeño estructural, a base de crear un comportamiento tipo caja, se materializa por el vertido in situ de un hormigón aligerado en la cavidad resultante entre la nueva fachada (paneles prefabricados) y la del edificio existente. Además, la nueva tecnología permite integrar, desde la fase de instalación del sistema, sensores para monitorizar el rendimiento del edificio durante su ciclo de vida. Con este nuevo sistema se pretende reducir el tiempo de materialización de la intervención, los costes de mantenimiento y prevenir posibles daños irreversibles al edificio. Gracias a un exhaustivo análisis del estado del arte y a la observación de los procedimientos de prefabricación en la empresa colaboradora del proyecto, ha sido posible definir las condiciones y los objetivos específicos en los cuales se fundamenta el proyecto del nuevo sistema tecnológico. Además, tras realizar un estudio detenido de los tipos edilicios más comunes existentes en Europa, especialmente en Italia y España, se ha escogido la tipología de fachada menos favorable desde el punto de vista energético con la finalidad de valorar la optimización obtenida por sistema diseñado.Mediante el empleo de software de análisis de elementos finitos se ha realizado tanto una verificación termo-higrométrica preliminar del sistema, como su comportamiento estructural bajo acción sísmica. Igualmente, se simuló el sistema propuesto aplicado a un edificio real localizado en Italia, con estructura de entramado resistente de hormigón armado y fachada de bajo rendimiento energético. De los resultados obtenidos se desprende que el sistema a base de paneles prefabricados aporta beneficios en términos de reducción de las dispersiones térmicas, protección contra el riesgo de formación de puentes térmicos y rigidez estructural, en detrimento de la ductilidad del sistema portante. Finalmente, tras la fase de diseño y la verificación previa de las prestaciones del sistema tecnológico, se describe la fase de prototipo en la que se realizó, en las instalaciones de la empresa asociada con el proyecto, la validación industrial de los componentes prefabricados, de los procedimientos de fabricación y de las fases de instalación del sistema en obra. Así, se han realizado seis módulos prefabricados distintos según dos categorías dimensionales, con el fin de comprender aspectos relacionados con su manipulación e instalación. La simulación de la instalación se llevó a cabo sobre una muestra de fachada recercada por una retícula de hormigón armado (haciendo las veces de vigas y pilares de una estructura de entramado resistente), construida con las características propias de un edificio de la posguerra. El resultado de la prueba de instalación fue satisfactorio, permitiendo validar el procedimiento y los detalles constructivos del innovador sistema tecnológico propuesto.
CRISTAUDO, ROSSANA. "Essays on cost overruns in infrastructure provision". Doctoral thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11570/3127456.
Testo completoAbstract This paper aims at analyzing the impact of the design phase on the performance in the realization of public works. In the literature, the design phase is largely recognized as one of the possible determinants of inefficiency in public works execution. Notwithstanding, empirical evidence on the topic remains scarce. Using a large dataset of public works awarded in Italy in the period 2008-2014, we investigate empirically the relationship between different choices made in the design phase and the performance in public works execution. Our empirical findings show that the presence of an external designer is associated with higher cost and time renegotiations. The issue is especially relevant for small municipalities that more heavily rely on external designers, possibly because of the limited expertise of their technical offices. From a public policy perspective, our findings offer some support to the recent reform of the Italian public procurement regulation that has introduced new accreditation requirements for the contracting authorities.
Abstract Cost overruns are an endemic feature of transport infrastructure provision all over the world. In the last decades, a considerable amount of studies has been devoted to assessing the magnitude and determinants of cost overruns in the transportation sector. However, empirical findings are scattered among different strands of literature, ranging from the fields of construction engineering and management to that of applied economics. To shed light on the determinants of cost overruns in the execution of transport infrastructure projects, we conduct a systematic review of the empirical literature on the topic. Of the 945 articles retrieved, 26 articles published between the years 2000 and 2016 meet our inclusion criteria. For them, we describe the different empirical approaches, provide a classification of the determinants employed in the analyses and summarise their impact on cost overruns. Finally, we discuss some directions and concerns for further research in the field.
MONTEROSSO, Francesco. "Il web per la cultura. Dalla digital identity alla progettazione dei servizi in rete". Doctoral thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10447/103733.
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