Tesi sul tema "Hydrology/Water Resources"
Segui questo link per vedere altri tipi di pubblicazioni sul tema: Hydrology/Water Resources.
Cita una fonte nei formati APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard e in molti altri stili
Vedi i top-50 saggi (tesi di laurea o di dottorato) per l'attività di ricerca sul tema "Hydrology/Water Resources".
Accanto a ogni fonte nell'elenco di riferimenti c'è un pulsante "Aggiungi alla bibliografia". Premilo e genereremo automaticamente la citazione bibliografica dell'opera scelta nello stile citazionale di cui hai bisogno: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver ecc.
Puoi anche scaricare il testo completo della pubblicazione scientifica nel formato .pdf e leggere online l'abstract (il sommario) dell'opera se è presente nei metadati.
Vedi le tesi di molte aree scientifiche e compila una bibliografia corretta.
1
Ffolliott, Peter F., Leonard F. DeBano, Lori A. Strazdas, Malchus B. Jr Baker e Gerald J. Gottfried. "Hydrology and Water Resources: A Changing Emphasis?" Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/296488.
Testo completo
2
Bayley, Timothy West, e Timothy West Bayley. "Decision Making Under Uncertainty in Water Resources". Diss., The University of Arizona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/621871.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Hydrology is a field fraught with uncertainty. Uncertainty comes from both our inability to perfectly know the true nature of constant system components of hydrologic systems (e.g. hydraulic conductivity, geologic structure, etc.) and our inability to perfectly predict the behavior of variable system components (e.g. future precipitation, future streamflow, etc.). Hydrologic literature has increasingly recognized that within the bounds of uncertainty, many acceptable hydrologic models exist and differ in their predictions. Modeling applications that recognize this uncertainty have become more practical as a result of increasing computing power and improved software. Given a set of model predictions, the applied hydrologist or water resource manager is faced with an important question: in light of this uncertainty, how do I make the best decision? Many decision making criteria are valid for use in water resources, however, decision making criteria are subjective in their nature and require input from the decision maker about their values and outlook. Decision making criteria can range from optimistic to pessimistic, and can be probabilistic or non-probabilistic. This dissertation explores the importance of hydrologic uncertainty and the stance of the decision maker in selecting an appropriate decision making criterion. The dissertation comprises four manuscripts. The first manuscript presents an analysis of uncertainty arising from choice of groundwater sampling method. The study analyzes how three sampling methods compare across a range of analytes and well constructions. The second manuscript presents an analysis of the risk that a wellfield will not be able to meet water demands. A Monte-Carlo model is used to evaluate how uncertainty arising from variable groundwater recharge in an alluvial aquifer translates to total wellfield risk. The third manuscript reviews multi-model methods used to support decision making and makes an argument that non-probabilistic decision making methods deserve a larger role in hydrologic studies. A groundwater recharge example is presented that compares the performance of model selection, model averaging, probabilistic, and non-probabilistic decision making methods when used for decision making. The final manuscript presents the Discrimination Inference to Reduce Expected Cost Technique (DIRECT). DIRECT is a MATLAB® based computer code that optimizes project design under uncertainty using an expected utility decision criterion. Examples are presented for remediation system design and groundwater pumping.
3
Gelt, Joe, e Marv Waterstone. "Water Resources Research Center Serves the Arizona Water Community". Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/296416.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
From the Proceedings of the 1988 Meetings of the Arizona Section - American Water Resources Association and the Hydrology Section - Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science - April 16, 1988, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
4
Zafirakou, Antigoni Koulouris. "Statistical analysis techniques in water resources engineering /". Thesis, Connect to Dissertations & Theses @ Tufts University, 2000.
Cerca il testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Tufts University, 2000.Adviser: Richard M. Vogel. Submitted to the Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 206-214). Access restricted to members of the Tufts University community. Also available via the World Wide Web;
5
Nomas, Hamdan Bagi. "The water resources of Iraq : an assessment". Thesis, Durham University, 1988. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/1694/.
Testo completo
6
Ffolliott, Peter F., Daniel G. Neary e Gerald J. Gottfried. "A Brief History of the Hydrology Section". Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/296616.
Testo completo
7
Ekstedt, Karin. "Local water resource assessment in Messinia, Greece". Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för naturgeografi och kvartärgeologi (INK), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-93033.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Messinia is a region in Greece renowned for its rich nature, olive agriculture and water availability. In the light of increasing anthropogenic and climatic pressure, this study assessedlocal water resources in catchments in south western parts of the region. The main objectives were to evaluate the balance between supply and demand, the sustainability of current waterconsumption, capacity of further land use intensification and to review local water management. The method was dual with both quantitative (water balance calculations and linear modeling) and qualitative (interviews and a questionnaire survey) approaches.It was confirmed that, on an annual basis, rainfall is comparatively high, there is a surplus of water leaving the catchments and aquifers are “superfluous”. The climate however, brings seasonal imbalance and notable shortages during summer that affect operation of local actors, especially with agriculture and tourism being the principal water users. Unofficial sources indicated that current consumption may not be sustainable, either because of over-exploitation or climatic changes, but further studies are required to draw reliable conclusions. Modeling showed the importance of land management, that unconsidered water consumption may impact the water balance substantially but also that, while minimizing evapotranspiration,there is capacity of intensification if water withdrawals are increased. Considering accessibility, competitive interests and sustainability however, such development is not necessarily feasible.The municipal water management appeared to be well established and, given that measures are taken concerning for example stakeholder integration and regulation of private and agricultural consumption, there is capacity of handling increasing water stress. Finally, stressing the crucial role of freshwater availability, the study highlighted the importance of further hydrological research and thus the need for improved data quality, particularly regarding river discharge.
8
Adeloye, A. J. "Value of river flow data for water resources and water quality assessment". Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.378277.
Testo completo
9
Bajabaa, Saleh A. S. "Water resources of wadi systems of southern Saudi Arabia". Thesis, University of St Andrews, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/15212.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This study is a water resources assessment of two wadi systems in the southern Arabian Shield using seismic refraction, electrical resistivity (VES) and borehole geophysical techniques, pumping tests and ground water quality data and an examination of artificial recharge. Wadi Baysh (flowing southwest to the Red Sea) and Wadi Habawnah (flowing east to the Rub Al Khali) have similar catchment areas (approximately 10000 km2) and are underlain by igneous and metamorphic rocks but contrast in their hydrological cycles. The mean annual rainfall of Wadi Baysh is 350 mm while Wadi Habawnah receives 150 mm. The mean annual water discharges of Wadi Baysh and Wadi Habawnah are 75 and 10 mcm respectively. Hydrochemical classification, evolution of groundwater and its suitability for agricultural and domestic usage were studied in both wadis. In the upper and middle parts of both wadis the solute concentrations reach 1200 mg/l whereas in the lower parts solute concentrations range between 2000 and 3500 mg/l. Both wadis show high average values of transmissivity and storativity determined from pumping tests and grain size analysis. The geophysical surveys confirmed that the unconfined aquifer thickness is less than 42 m in both wadis. The seismic velocities of the aquifers range between 536 and 1817 ms-1 while the resistivities range between 23 and 125 ohm-m in both wadis. The igneous and metamorphic bedrock resistivity range between 3400 and 10260 ohm-m. The sediment has a high potential for water supply in the middle and lower parts of both wadis. The transverse resistance of the saturated part of the aquifers is used for correlation with the hydraulic transmissivity in which a computed empirical function may be applicable to similar aquifers in other Arabian Shield wadis. This study introduces a plan for the surface and subsurface storage that should help to manage the perennial yield and minimise the mining yield. The analysis reveals that building small reservoirs in both wadis is economically justifiable.
10
Evans, Lauren G. "Minimizing the Effects of Cement Slurry Bleed-Water on Water Quality Samples". Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/296377.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
From the Proceedings of the 1987 Meetings of the Arizona Section - American Water Resources Association, Hydrology Section - Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science and the Arizona Hydrological Society - April 18, 1987, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, ArizonaSome groundwater monitor wells produce water quality samples with anomalously high pH measurements. In some of these wells it is obvious that these water quality samples are affected by the bleed-water from the cement used to seal the annuli. To gain an understanding as to why cement bleed -water occurs and how it can be controlled, literature from both the cement and petroleum industries are reviewed. Cement is a very alkaline material. When too much water is used to prepare the slurry, alkaline bleed -water can drain through or along the cement sheath surrounding the casing. This results in an increase in the pH measurements of groundwater samples. This bleed-water can separate from the cement in-three ways: it can move into the formation during cementing, it can accumulate within the cement forming pockets and channels behind the casing, and it can remain within the interconnected capillaries that exist throughout the cement sheath. The drainage of alkaline bleed -water from the cement can be greatly reduced by controlling the amount of water used in the preparation of the slurry. The amount of water added can be monitored during well construction by measuring the slurry density. By implementing this quality control procedure during well construction along with specifying the correct amount of mix-water for the slurry, the elevated pH levels in groundwater samples should be greatly reduced if not completely eliminated.
11
Neary, Daniel G. "Effects of Fire on Water Resources - A Review". Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/296457.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
From the Proceedings of the 1995 Meetings of the Arizona Section - American Water Resources Association and the Hydrology Section - Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science - April 22, 1995, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona
12
Goldenetz, Jolie A. "Southwest Gardens: Matching Plants with Available Water Resources". Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/296683.
Testo completo
13
Bagour, Mohammed H., e Donald F. Post. "Predicting the Volumetric Water Content of Irrigated Arizona Soils at Different Soil Water Potentials". Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/296584.
Testo completo
14
Regil, Phil. "The Phoenix Water Resource Plan - 1987". Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/296415.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
From the Proceedings of the 1988 Meetings of the Arizona Section - American Water Resources Association and the Hydrology Section - Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science - April 16, 1988, University of Arizona, Tucson, ArizonaThe Phoenix Water Resource Plan-1987 is the official water resource plan for the City of Phoenix, Arizona. It covers the areas of supply, demand management and supply augmentation. The plan also addresses the issue of drought management.
15
Molotch, Noah P. "ESTIMATING THE SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF SNOW WATER EQUIVALENT AND SNOWMELT IN MOUNTAINOUS WATERSHEDS OF SEMI-ARID REGIONS". Diss., The University of Arizona, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/191275.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The processes controlling snowpack mass balance are highly variable in time and space, requiring remote sensing to observe regional processes and intensive field observations to observe hilislope-scale phenomena. This research aims to further understanding of the processes controlling snowpack mass balance through innovative applications of remotely sensed data and statistical interpolations of ground observations. Four advancements were obtained: 1) the sensitivity of regression tree snow distribution models to digital elevation data and independent variables was quanitified; 2) improved ability to upscale point snow water equivalent (SWE) measurements at snow telemetry (SNOTEL) stations was obtained by quantifying the small-scale SWE variability surrounding these stations; 3) spatially distributed snowmelt algorithms were improved by incorporating remotely sensed snow-surface albedo data into snowmelt modeling; and (4) the temporal and spatial continuity of regional-scale estimates of snow covered area (SCA) and SWE were improved by combining remotely sensed data and air temperature data to extend estimates beneath the cloud cover.
16
Cluff, C. Brent. "Slowsand/Nanofiltration of Surface Water". Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/296460.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
From the Proceedings of the 1991 Meetings of the Arizona Section - American Water Resources Association and the Hydrology Section - Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science - April 20, 1991, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, ArizonaSince the spring of 1988 the University of Arizona has conducted nanofiltration research. The major emphasis has been the treatment of both Colorado River Water and municipal effluent. The work has been sponsored by the John F. Long Foundation Inc. and the Consolidated Water Utilities, Phoenix Az. Nanofiltration is a low pressure form of reverse osmosis. It operates at about 1/3 the pressure and 3 times the flux rate of older brackish water reverse osmosis systems. This reduces both the cost as well as the operating costs to approximately 1 /10 of the older reverse osmosis systems. The City of Ft Myers is projecting costs as low as $0.50-0.60/1000 gallons for their 20 MGD plant. Nanofiltration treats water the way it needs to be treated to meet the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) present minimum contamination levels (MCL) as well as projected future levels. Nanofiltration removes most of the bivalent inorganic molecules such as calcium and magnesium as well as some monovalent molecules such as sodium and chloride. It also removes pathogens and dissolved organics, thus reducing the trihalomethane formation potential (THMFP). The research on recharged effluent municipal effluent below the 91st Avenue Plant in Phoenix has shown the value of nanofiltration for reclaiming municipal wastewater to potable standards. A 20,000 GPD slowsand /nanofiltration pilot plant at Apache Junction has shown the effectiveness of the treatment on Colorado River Water at a 95% recovery over the past 2 years.
17
Gottfried, Gerald J., Peter F. Ffolliott e Daniel G. Neary. "Hydrology of Southwestern Encinal Oak Ecosystems: A Review and More". Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/296682.
Testo completo
18
Jones, Randall Alan. "Classifying Oregon lake-watershed ecosystems for regional water resources assessment". PDXScholar, 1987. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3712.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Natural lake-watershed ecosystems in Oregon compose a diverse and valuable assemblage of land and water resources. With an increasing demand on lakes for recreation, water supplies, and aesthetic values and an increase in available data on Oregon lake systems, there is a need for applicable and timely scientific water management information about lake conditions statewide. This thesis is an attempt to summarize some of the data collected on natural Oregon lake-watershed ecosystems.
The purpose of the thesis is to identify the most typical natural systems out of an initial data base of twenty-four variables, measured over ninety-eight lake-watershed ecosystems. The selected variables are reduced to five common factors using principal components factor analysis. K-means cluster analysis is used to create similar groups of lake systems. These groups are compared to ecoregions in Oregon and a typical, representative lake ecosystem is identified for each group. Results show that several lake systems of the state are unique.
19
Cory, Dennis C., e Molly V. Moy. "Reauthorization of the Safe Drinking Water Act and the Variability of Rural Public Water Systems". Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/296470.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
From the Proceedings of the 1995 Meetings of the Arizona Section - American Water Resources Association and the Hydrology Section - Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science - April 22, 1995, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona
20
Thorslund, Josefin. "Hydrological spreading of metal pollution and wetlands as nature-based solutions". Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för naturgeografi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-147613.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The quality of the Earth’s water resources have deteriorated due to human impacts. A key scientific challenge is to understand, quantify and predict the water-borne spreading of pollutants at relevant scales for freshwater management and water quality restoration programs. However, understanding the natural processes controlling large-scale hydrological transport of pollutants may be masked by river regulation schemes (in the form of dams and reservoirs), which are common in many large rivers. The main objective of this thesis is to increase the current knowledge regarding large-scale spreading of metals in hydrological systems. This objective is addressed through studying net impacts of mining (a main contributor to global metal pollution) on the spreading of metals in water systems and through investigating the mitigation opportunities of wetlands across the landscape. The main study region of this thesis is the Lake Baikal basin of Russia and Mongolia, which includes the large unregulated Selenga River and its delta-wetland areas. In addition, a set of global wetland sites are also studied. A multi-method approach is used in the four studies of this thesis. The methods include field-measurements, data synthesis, metal mass flow and water flow-path quantifications, as well as geochemical modelling. Results show that mining in the upstream part of the Lake Baikal basin is a significant contributor to riverine mass flows of several metals. The mass flows increased by an order of magnitude over the mining site. The observed speciation between dissolved (more bioavailable) and suspended (less bioavailable) phases could be well predicted for some metals (Fe, V, Pb and Zn) using a geochemical equilibrium model. However, the model failed to reproduce the speciation of other metals (Cr, Cu, Mn and Mo). In these cases, non-equilibrium processes may need to be considered, and adsorption databases may need to be developed, in order to make dependable predictions. Results also suggest that the concentration of dissolved organic carbon, which exhibits seasonal variability and long-term increasing trends due to climate change effects in the Arctic, can have a large impact on metal pollution transport. Further, observations showed that individual wetlands of the Selenga River delta locally retained between 77-99 % of incoming metal loads. However, a systematic analysis of current knowledge showed that large-scale net effects can differ considerably from the functions observed at individual wetlands on smaller scales. Along large-scale flow-paths, through which wetlands are connected with each other as well as with the larger landscape, key processes which can considerably contribute to such scale differences in function may occur. A survey of the current wetland research showed that relatively few studies have considered the larger scales at which key pollutant pressures and water quality changes take place. This thesis highlights the need for more research on large-scale wetland systems, which can aid in evaluating net pollution effects at landscape scales. This in turn can facilitate evaluations of how and when wetland systems may function as large-scale nature-based solutions.Kvaliteten på jordens vattenresurser har försämrats på grund av mänsklig påverkan. En viktig vetenskaplig utmaning är att förstå, kvantifiera och förutsäga den vattenburna spridningen av föroreningar, på skalor som är relevanta för vattenresursförvaltning och åtgärdsprogram. De underliggande, naturliga processer som styr storskalig hydrologisk föroreningstransport kan dock maskeras av att de flesta stora floders flöden är reglerade med hjälp av dammar och reservoarer. Målet med den här avhandlingen är att öka kunskapen kring hydrologisk storskalig spridning av metaller. Detta görs genom att studera nettoeffekter av gruvverksamhet (en viktig källa till globala metallföroreningar) på metallers spridning i vattensystemet, samt att undersöka våtmarkers möjligheter att rena förorenade flöden i landskapet. Avhandlingens huvudstudieområde är Bajkalsjön och dess tillrinningsområde (i Ryssland och Mongoliet), vilket inkluderar den oreglerade Selengafloden och dess delta-våtmarksområden. Även en grupp av globala våtmarksområden har studerats. Flera metoder användes i de fyra studierna som ingår i denna avhandling, inklusive fältmätningar, datasyntes, massflödes- och flödesvägskvantifieringar, och geokemisk modellering. Resultaten visar att gruvdrift i uppströms-delar av Bajkalsjöns tillrinningsområde bidrar betydligt till förhöjda halter av flera metaller i flodsystemen. Massflödenena ökade en storleksordning över gruvområdet. Den observerade metall-specieringen mellan lösta (mer biotillgängliga) och partikulära (mindre biotillgängliga) faser kunde modelleras väl för vissa metaller (Fe, V, Pb och Zn) med en geokemisk jämviktsmodell. Modellen lyckades dock inte reproducera specieringen av andra metaller (Cr, Cu, Mn och Mo). I dessa fall kan icke-jämviktsprocesser behöva beaktas, och adsorptions-databaser kan behöva utvecklas för att förbättra prediktionerna. Resultaten visar också att koncentrationen av upplöst organiskt kol, som uppvisar stora årstidsvariationer samt långsiktigt ökande trender på grund av klimatpåverkan i Arktis, kan ha stor inverkan på metallföroreningars transport. Observationer visade att enskilda våtmarker i Selengafloden lokalt kunde minska inkommande massflöden av metaller med 77 till 99 %. En systematisk genomgång av aktuellt kunskapsläge visade dock att storskaliga nettoeffekter kan skilja sig mycket från de funktioner som observeras vid enskilda våtmarker på mindre skalor. Längs storskaliga flödesvägar, genom vilka flera våtmarker är kopplade till varandra och till det större landskapet, kan viktiga processer ske, vilket avsevärt kan bidra till sådana skal-skillnader i funktion. En genomgång av aktuell våtmarksforskning visade att relativt få studier beaktade dessa större skalor där föroreningsspridning och vattenkvalitetsförändringar sker. Denna avhandling belyser behovet av ökat forskningsfokus på storskaliga våtmarkssystem. Detta kan hjälpa till att förstå föroreningars nettoeffekter på landskapsskalor, vilket underlättar vid bedömning av hur och när våtmarkssystem fungerar som storskaliga, så kallade naturbaserade lösningar.
21
Amvrosiadi, Nino. "The value of experimental data and modelling for exploration of hydrological functioning: The case of a till hillslope". Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Luft-, vatten och landskapslära, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-331856.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Successfully modeling one system response (e.g. hydrograph or solute transport) sometimes gives the false sense of well-characterizing the modeled system. This is partly because of the well-known equifinality issue; during the calibration process multiple parameter combinations can produce similarly good results. One step forward towards a better-defined system is using measured (at relevant scale) values for the model parameters, as well as using multiple conditions to constrain the model. But when not enough, or relevant, field measurements are available, virtual experiments (VE’s) can be used as a supplementary method to model calibration. The advantage of VE’s over model calibration is that they can also be used to explore assumptions both on the system hydrological processes, and on the model structure. One goal of this study was to utilize both field measurements and models for better characterization of the S-transect hillslope, located in Västrabäcken catchment, Northern Sweden. This included (a) characteristics in space: system vertical boundaries, hydraulic parameters, pore water velocity distribution, spatial correlation of flowpaths, soil water retention properties; (b) characteristic of system’s dynamic behavior: storage – discharge relationship, transit time distribution, turnover time; and (c) outputs’ sensitivity to external forcing, and to small scale structure assumptions. The second goal was to comment on the value of field measurements and virtual experiments for extracting information about the studied system. An intensely monitored study hillslope was chosen for this work. Although the hillslope has already been the subject of multiple field and modelling studies, there are still open questions regarding the characteristics listed above. The models used were the Vertical Equilibrium Model (VEM), and the Multiple Interacting Pathways (MIPs) model. It was found that the hillslope was well connected; from the near-stream areas up to the water divide the storage – discharge relationship could be described as an exponential function. Also, the dynamic storage (which controls the hydrograph dynamics) was much smaller comparing to the total hillslope storage. The unsaturated soil storage was found to be more sensitive to water table positions than vertical flux magnitude. The dynamic condition of external forcing (precipitation and evapotranspiration) affected the transit time distribution (TTD) shape. And, opposite to expectations, TTD was not sensitive to micro-scale structural assumptions tested here.
22
Desta, Assefa, e Aregai Tecle. "Water Balance in Upper Lake Mary". Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/296627.
Testo completo
23
DeBano, Leonard F. "Fire-Induced Water Repellency in Soils: Hydrologic Implications". Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/296546.
Testo completo
24
France, Glenn. "Evaluating the Effectiveness of the Casa del Agua Water Conservation Demonstration Tour in Promoting Water Conservation Behaviors". Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/296442.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
From the Proceedings of the 1989 Meetings of the Arizona Section - American Water Resources Association and the Hydrology Section - Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science - April 15, 1989, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NevadaA typical single family residence in Tucson, Arizona (Casa del Agua) was retrofitted with water conserving devices, graywater and rainwater recycling systems, and a low water use landscape. An educational tour designed to promote the incorporation of these water saving techniques has been ongoing at the home since December, 1985. A questionnaire survey was administered between April and July 1988 to determine the extent of water conservation behavior, demonstrated by the adoption of the water conservation techniques, of the Pima County population and the tour participants. Both population samples exhibited similar water conservation behaviors. It was also determined, from the analysis of the survey results, that the tour led to additional water conservation technique adoption.
25
Leao, Duncan, e Aregai Tecle. "Possible Impacts of Snowmaking Using Reclaimed Water on Water Resources and Other Related Issues in Flagstaff, Arizona". Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/296600.
Testo completo
26
Gottfried, Gerald J., e Daniel G. Neary. "Hydrology of the Upper Parker Creek Watershed, Sierra Ancha Mountains, Arizona". Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/296587.
Testo completo
27
Rinne, John N. "Hydrology, Geomorphology and Management: Implications for Sustainability of Native Southwestern Fishes". Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/296590.
Testo completo
28
Tecle, Aregai. "Hydrologic Effects of Wildfire". Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/296642.
Testo completo
29
Brittain, Richard, K. James DeCook e Kennith E. Foster. "Casa del Agua: Residential Water Conservation Retrofit". Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/296364.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
From the Proceedings of the 1985 Meetings of the Arizona Section - American Water Resources Association and the Hydrology Section - Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science - April 27, 1985, Las Vegas, Nevada
30
Rose, Joan B., Gwo-Shing Sun, Bart C. Weimer, Rod S. Silverman, Charles P. Gerba e Norval A. Sinclair. "Microbial Quality of Gray Water for Reuse". Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/296368.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
From the Proceedings of the 1986 Meetings of the Arizona Section - American Water Resources Association, Hydrology Section - Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science and the Arizona Hydrological Society - April 19, 1986, Glendale Community College, Glendale, ArizonaAs the scarcity of water and the price of municipal water inevitably increase, gray water reuse may become an inexpensive and viable alternative for such purposes as irrigation, lawn maintenance and water closet flushing. However, some problems do exist. The microbial and chemical content of gray water includes agents that may present public health problems. The purpose of this study was to determine the general microbial composition of gray water using standard plate counts and selective media at specific sites (shower/bath, wash cycle and rinse cycle of a clothes washing machine) and the general chemical and physical properties of gray water at these same sites (phosphate, ammonia, chloride, pH, TDS and turbidity). Samples were taken from a diverse group of families with and without children (1 ½ - 9 years). Standard plate count bacteria ranged from 10⁵ to 10¹⁰ colony forming units (CFU)₄/100 ml. Shower and bath water contained an average of 10⁴ to 10⁶ CFU/100 ml of coliforms. Failies with children produced wash cycle gray water containing 10⁶ CFU /100 ml of fecal coliforms. Ammonia concentrations varied proportionally with bacterial concentrations while phosphate varied inversely with bacterial growth. Bacterial numbers increased one order of magnitude during storage of gray water.
31
Foster, Kennith E., e L. G. Wilson. "Arizona Water Information Center: Foundation and Activities". Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/296384.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
From the Proceedings of the 1985 Meetings of the Arizona Section - American Water Resources Association and the Hydrology Section - Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science - April 27, 1985, Las Vegas, Nevada
32
Olson, Steven L. "A Planning Process for Water Supply Development". Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/296428.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
From the Proceedings of the 1989 Meetings of the Arizona Section - American Water Resources Association and the Hydrology Section - Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science - April 15, 1989, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NevadaArizona's Groundwater Management Act has changed the perspective that water providers must use when planning to meet growing water demands. The goal of safe-yield in the Active Management Areas and the requirements of both the Second Management Plan and the Assured Water Supply provisions will require all water providers to consider other options besides additional groundwater development when expanding their water supply plans. A simplified process will be presented that stresses the need for well thought-out, cost-effective water resource planning to meet management requirements for both public and private water providers. The process relies on an initial projection of water demand, an analysis of demand reduction potential, an examination of supply alternatives, and a discussion of the characteristics that must be considered when weighing the demand reduction and supply alternatives for implementation. Development of water supply plans that meet existing and future needs for growing service areas will be increasingly important to water providers in Arizona and throughout the and West.
33
Switanek, Matthew. "Forecasting Climate and Water Resources in the Context of Natural Variability and Climate Change". Diss., The University of Arizona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/297026.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The water resources of the Southwestern United States are under significant stress. The historical record of the Colorado River indicates that the commitment allocations (7.5 million acre-feet to both the Upper and Lower Colorado basin states, and 1.5 maf for Mexico) have overestimated the average available streamflow. Compounding the supply problem, the Bureau of Reclamation has projected an average decrease of 9% in the Colorado River streamflow between the years 2011-2060. Improving forecasts of climate and streamflow, at nearly all time scales, is imperative to most effectively manage these strained water resources. Given the challenges confronting the Southwest, three research studies are presented that could be used to assist water managers. The first study targets the lack of skill seen in seasonal forecasts of precipitation across the US issued by the Climate Prediction Center (CPC). An objective and concise methodology is shown to improve overall seasonal forecast skill as an alternative to forecasts made by the CPC. This methodology uses a combined linear and nearest neighbor model to make forecasts, with the NINO3.4 index as the only predictor. The second study shows skillful forecasts of decadal Colorado streamflow using the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) and Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) indices as predictors. However, even though the instrumental record showed statistically significant skillful forecasts, the reconstructed records of AMO, PDO and streamflow appear to challenge these results. Lastly, the third study investigates the effects of climate change in the 21st century on the Salt, Verde and Rio Grande river basins. Two dynamically downscaled General Circulation Models (GCMs) are first bias-corrected. Then, the output of these models is used as the climatic forcings for the Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC) hydrologic model. Results suggest that future streamflows are projected to decrease by 22% and 37%, for the respective GCMs, averaged across the basins.
34
Amalfi, Frederick A. "Water Resource Management in the Lake Baikal Region". Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/296464.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
From the Proceedings of the 1991 Meetings of the Arizona Section - American Water Resources Association and the Hydrology Section - Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science - April 20, 1991, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, ArizonaIn August 1990, a team of North American and Soviet researchers travelled to several cities on the shores of Lake Baikal in southern Siberia. The purpose of the investigation was to develop a means of protecting and restoring the world's oldest and largest volume lake. Lack of water resource management strategies was identified as the key factor which may result in further deterioration of lake water quality and the diversity of biota which it supports. Deforestation, antiquated agricultural practices, inadequate solid and liquid waste disposal, and industrial contamination threaten the aesthetic quality and commercial uses of the lake. The recommendations of the joint investigative committee are summarized.
35
Robinson, Allan. "Integrated systems modelling of the interaction between water resources and agriculture". Thesis, Cranfield University, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1826/3903.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Environmental problems associated with the use of water are inherently complex,
involving the interaction of several different systems. Further, there is often limited
data on the interaction, because of its location between disciplines. In order to study
these problems in a quantitative, policy relevant way, a numerical model is required that
integrates the different systems and is tailored to contain the processes important to the
interaction.
A numerical water resource system model is developed to study the problems associated
with the interaction between agriculture and water. The model integrates an
econometric model of farmer behaviour with a dynamic model of water flow and solute
transport. The Argolid valley in Greece represents an area where severe environmental
problems have arisen as a result of the overexploitation of groundwater for agriculture.
When applied to the Argolid valley the water resource system model reproduces the
evolution of the environmental problems that have arisen. It is then demonstrated that
the model can be used to investigate some future scenarios and policy options related to
the environmental problems that have developed.
The main contribution of this research is to demonstrate that a properly designed
numerical model that reproduces the dynamic interaction between human behaviour and
the physical environment can enable the exploration of the evolution of environmental
problems despite a lack of calibration data. Having achieved this the model can then be
used in a policy relevant way to investigate the implications from a range of different,
possible policy options.
36
Foster, Kennith E., e Martin M. Karpiscak. "Water Conservation Potential Research at Casa del Agua". Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/296441.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
From the Proceedings of the 1989 Meetings of the Arizona Section - American Water Resources Association and the Hydrology Section - Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science - April 15, 1989, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NevadaCasa del Agua is a research and demonstration project to test the efficiency and liveability of a house that has been relandscaped and redesigned with water saving and recycling devices. Ongoing research focuses on six interrelated tasks: 1) water quality and sampling to characterize graywater and rainwater and to determine their potential to impact the environment; 2) water balance analysis that quantifies fresh water use, graywater production and use, and rooftop runoff and use; 3) evaluation of system components that could enhance graywater reuse; and 4) maintenance and modification of existing systems. An interpretation of recent data and information derived from the performance of the above tasks indicates the effectiveness of the project's water-saving strategies, as well as other significant findings relevant to water conservation in an urban, residential setting.
37
Wilson, Robert. "The NPDES Storm Water Rules - A Municipal Impact". Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/296448.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
From the Proceedings of the 1991 Meetings of the Arizona Section - American Water Resources Association and the Hydrology Section - Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science - April 20, 1991, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona
38
Kruse, Michael J. "Arizona Reclaimed Water Regulation: The Future is Now". Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/296465.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
From the Proceedings of the 1991 Meetings of the Arizona Section - American Water Resources Association and the Hydrology Section - Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science - April 20, 1991, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, ArizonaLegal, legislative, technical and conservation factors have created a significant amount of reclaimed water reuse in Arizona. Critical recent events include: * Passage of the 1980 Groundwater Management Act * Arizona Department of Water Resources Management Plans * Passage of Environmental Quality Act * Creation of Arizona Department of Environmental Quality * 1989 Arizona Supreme Court Decision of the Status of Effluent * 1991 Arizona Reuse Rule Adoption Status
39
Ffolliott, Peter F., e Gerald J. Gottfried. "Water Use by Emory Oak in Southeastern Arizona". Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/296560.
Testo completo
40
Chen, Hui, e Peter F. Ffolliott. "South-to-North Water Diversion Project in China". Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/296674.
Testo completo
41
Jemison, Roy. "Relationships Between Hydrology, Exotic Plants, and Fuel Loads in the Middle Rio Grande". Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/296602.
Testo completo
42
Neary, Daniel G., e Pablo Garcia-Chevesich. "Hydrology and Erosion Impacts of Mining Derived Coastal Sand Dunes, Chañaral Bay, Chile". Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/296690.
Testo completo
43
Martínez, Fabián. "Modeling the Interactions between Hydrological Extremes, Water Management and Society". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-296414.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Throughout history there has been a close relationship between hydrological and social processes. Most of early civilizations around the world developed thanks to the accessibility to rivers and their water resources. However, traditional hydrological approaches have not been able to capture this observed interaction and have ignored for too long the human-driven impacts in the hydrological system and how they, in turn, shape the hydrological conditions that have been commonly observed. The present research develops a new conceptual model with the intention to capture the two-way interactions between societies and their responses under extreme hydrological events, both floods and droughts. This conceptualization accounts for the observations that societies accumulate memory (increase the level of awareness) after an extreme events. Based on the accumulation of societal memory, the human system (societies) takes decisions about water management, thus impacting the hydrological system (rivers). When no extreme hydrological events are registered, societal memory decays at a certain rate and then new decisions are taken over the water management of the hydrological system. Inspired by the extreme droughts and floods events observed in the three last decades in the catchment of the Brisbane River in Australia, the aforementioned conceptualization is applied. Results indicated that the simple proposed conceptual model is able to capture the interactions between the human and the hydrological system. Additionally, the model exposes that societal memory is the driver of the human system and is the main reason for societies to create impacts on the natural conditions of the catchment. At the same time, this conceptualization demonstrated that water management decisions based on the accumulation of societal memory can actually create an exacerbation of the potential damages associated to extreme hydrological events. Finally, the development of this new approach points out the strong necessity to acquire further insights to improve the understanding of the interplay between hydrological and social processes.Genom historien har det funnits en nära relation mellan hydrologiska och sociala processer. De flesta tidiga civilisationer runt om i världen utvecklades tack vare tillgången till floder och deras vattenresurser. Traditionella hydrologiska metoder har emellertid inte lyckats fånga denna observerade interaktion och har alltför länge ignorerat de mänskligt drivna effekterna i det hydrologiska systemet och hur de i sin tur formar de hydrologiska förhållandena som ofta observerats. Denna forskning har utvecklat en ny konceptuell modell med avsikt att fånga tvåvägsinteraktionen mellan samhällen och deras respons under extrema hydrologiska händelser, både översvämningar och torka. Denna konceptualisering baseras på observationen att samhällen ackumulerar minne (ökar medvetenheten) efter en extrem händelse. Baserat på ansamling av samhällets minne fattar det mänskliga systemet (samhällen) beslut över vattenhushållning, vilket påverkar det hydrologiska systemet (floder). När inga extrema hydrologiska händelser registreras, avklingar samhällsminnet med en viss hastighet och sedan fattas nya beslut om vattenhushållningen i det hydrologiska systemet. Den konceptuella modellen har tillämpats på Brisbaneflodens avrinningsområde, i Australien, med anledning av den extrema torka och stora översvämningar som observerats under de tre senaste decennierna. Resultaten tyder på att den enkla föreslagna konceptuella modellen kan fånga samspelet mellan människa och hydrologiska system. Dessutom visar den att ett samhälles minne är drivkraften för det mänskliga systemet och är den främsta orsaken till att samhällen gör inverkan på de naturliga förhållandena i avrinningsområdet. Samtidigt visar konceptualiseringen att denna typ av vattenförvaltning, som baseras på samhällsminnet, faktiskt kan förstärka de potentiella skador som kan uppkomma i samband med extrema hydrologiska händelser. Slutligen framhåller utvecklingen av denna nya metod det stora behov som finns för att förbättra förståelsen av samspelet mellan de hydrologiska och sociala processerna.
44
Fain, Norm. "Wastewater - A Resource". Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/296459.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
From the Proceedings of the 1991 Meetings of the Arizona Section - American Water Resources Association and the Hydrology Section - Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science - April 20, 1991, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, ArizonaAs the Southwest United States grows and develops, one basic resource becomes a primary necessity for survival: Water. Currently, accepted sources are being consumed at a higher rate than nature replenishes them. This is necessitating the need to find and develop new water resources. In conjunction with the proper treatment and management, wastewater is a water resource, known as reuse. Properly managed, reused water can augment the available water supply. Primary applications include irrigation of agricultural and landscaped areas, surface water recreational areas, and groundwater recharge. These uses relieve the demands on the generally accepted water resources, thus increasing the net water supply. The required level of treatment varies with the intended reuse application. Treatment levels for reuse range from secondary to tertiary treatment systems. Some reuse applications provide additional treatment to the water. The reuser must assure that the treatment system and reuse application provide an equal or improved water quality to that of the receiving body of water. Regardless of the application, stringent operation and maintenance of the reuse system is essential. A well planned management program will minimize hazards associated with reuse of wastewater. This program is required to keep the liabilities of both the treatment plant and reuse site owners to a minimum. Without this, reuse is not a viable option. The underlying questions remain to determine the feasibility of reuse for a community: Does the water supply require augmentation to meet the demands of the future? Is the Owner willing to address and implement a diligent system management program?
45
Osborn, H. B., C. L. Unkrich e L. Frykman. "Problems of Simplification in Hydrologic Modeling". Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/296361.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
From the Proceedings of the 1985 Meetings of the Arizona Section - American Water Resources Association and the Hydrology Section - Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science - April 27, 1985, Las Vegas, Nevada
46
Foster, Kennith E., Martin M. Karpiscak, K. James DeCook, Richard Brittain, Charles P. Gerba, Michael C. Parton e R. Leslie Rawles. "Residential Water Conservation Progress Report for Casa Del Agua". Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/296371.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
From the Proceedings of the 1986 Meetings of the Arizona Section - American Water Resources Association, Hydrology Section - Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science and the Arizona Hydrological Society - April 19, 1986, Glendale Community College, Glendale, ArizonaCasa del Agua, a research and demonstration water conservation house, was opened to the public in September 1985. This typical 3 bedroom residence has been re-landscaped and retrofitted with storage for rainwater and graywater and low water use plumbing fixtures including toilets. A unique graywater treatment system employs two 300 gallon aquacells and a sand filter to upgrade graywater quality. The house is occupied by a family of three and detailed data are being obtained on water input, use and quality. Qualitative measures include microbiological, physical and chemical characteristics of filtered rainwater and treated, untreated and stored graywater. A model of water efficiency for dwelling units known as the "W-Index" is being formulated as a quantitative measure of residential water conservation options. The numerical evaluation of weighting of the index components will be aided by means of data generated in the monitoring program at Casa del Agua. A nomogram has been developed to provide a ready mechanism to determine the necessary storage volume for rainwater in terms of a specified availability of supply, catchment area, and rate of water use.
47
Tecle, Aregai. "Water Consumption of Common Plants in the Southwest U.S". Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/296607.
Testo completo
48
Rösner, Ulrike. "Effects of Historic Mining on Groundwater and Surface Water". Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/297004.
Testo completo
49
Leao, Duncan, e Aregai Tecle. "A Review of the Hydrology of the Upper Rio de Flag Watershed, Flagstaff, AZ". Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/296634.
Testo completo
50
Ffolliott, Peter F., Gerald J. Gottfried e Malchus B. Jr Baker. "The Role of Snow in the Hydrology of the Madrean Province in Southeastern Arizona". Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/296997.
Testo completo