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Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Hydrological change"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 14 dicembre 2024

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Hydrological change"

1

Vu, T. T., J. Kiesel, B. Guse e N. Fohrer. "Towards an improved understanding of hydrological change – linking hydrologic metrics and multiple change point tests". Journal of Water and Climate Change 10, n. 4 (16 novembre 2018): 743–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wcc.2018.068.

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Abstract Understanding the connections between climate, anthropogenic impacts, and hydrology is fundamental for assessing future climate change. However, a comprehensive methodology is lacking to understand significant changes in the discharge regime and their causes. We propose an approach that links change point tests with hydrologic metrics applied to two Vietnamese catchments where both climatic and anthropogenic changes are observed. The change points in discharge series are revealed by six widely used change point tests. Then, 171 hydrologic metrics are investigated to evaluate all possible hydrological changes that occurred between the pre- and post-change point period. The tests showed sufficient capabilities to detect hydrological changes caused by precipitation alterations and damming. Linking the change point tests to the hydrological metrics had three benefits: (1) the significance of each detected change point was evaluated, (2) we found which test responds to which hydrologic metric, and (3) we were able to disentangle the hydrological impacts of the climatic and anthropogenic changes. Due to its objectivity, the presented method can improve the interpretation of anthropogenic changes and climate change impacts on the hydrological system.

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2

Flint, Lorraine E., e Alicia Torregrosa. "Evaluating Hydrological Responses to Climate Change". Water 12, n. 6 (12 giugno 2020): 1691. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12061691.

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This Special Issue of the journal Water, “The Evaluation of Hydrologic Response to Climate Change”, is intended to explore the various impacts of climate change on hydrology. Using a selection of approaches, including field observations and hydrological modeling; investigations, including changing habitats and influences on organisms; modeling of water supply and impacts on landscapes; and the response of varying components of the hydrological cycle, the Issue has published nine articles from multi-institution, often multicountry collaborations that assess these changes in locations around the world, including China, Korea, Russia, Pakistan, Cambodia, United Kingdom, and Brazil.

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3

Liu, Junfang, Baolin Xue, Yinglan A, Wenchao Sun e Qingchun Guo. "Water balance changes in response to climate change in the upper Hailar River Basin, China". Hydrology Research 51, n. 5 (7 luglio 2020): 1023–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/nh.2020.032.

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Abstract Projected climate change will have a profound effect on the hydrological balance of river basins globally. Studying water balance modification under changing climate conditions is significant for future river basin management, especially in certain arid and semiarid areas. In this study, we evaluated water balance changes (1981–2011) in the upper Hailar River Basin on the Mongolian Plateau. To evaluate the hydrological resilience of the basin to climate change, we calculated two Budyko metrics, i.e. dynamic deviation (d) and elasticity (e). The absolute magnitude of d reflects the ability of a basin to resist the influence of climate change and maintain its stable ecological function, whereas parameter e is used to assess whether a basin is hydrologically elastic. Results revealed modification of the hydrological balance during the study period has manifested as a decreasing trend of runoff and runoff-precipitation ratio. Correspondingly, basin-averaged evapotranspiration has also shown a decreasing trend, attributable mainly to precipitation. Furthermore, the calculated elasticity (e = 8.03) suggests the basin has high hydrological resilience, which indicates the basin ecosystem may maintain its hydrological function to a certain extent under a changing climate. The results of this study could assist water resource management in the study area and the prediction of ecosystem response to future climate change.

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4

Schulze, R. E. "Impacts of global climate change in a hydrologically vulnerable region: challenges to South African hydrologists". Progress in Physical Geography: Earth and Environment 21, n. 1 (marzo 1997): 113–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030913339702100107.

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South Africa is already hydrologically vulnerable and this is likely to be exacerbated by both nonpermanent ENSO-related as well as more permanently greenhouse-gas forced climate changes. Climate change effects are explained by way of the hydrological equation. This serves as a backdrop to a brief review, in a hydrological context, of projected perturbations to temperature, rainfall and potential evaporation, over southern Africa. Methodologies for simulating hydro logical responses to climate change are assessed. These include more direct GCM-derived output, with some emphasis on recent advances in climatic downscaling, and the application of appro priate hydrological models for use in impact studies. Scale problems of importance to hydrologists are highlighted. Directions to which climate change-related hydrological research efforts should be expended in South Africa are summarized, before two case study simulations, one a general sensitivity study of hydrological responses to changes in rainfall over southern Africa, the other a more specific hydrological response study to the El Niño of the 1982-83 season, are presented. The article concludes with a discussion on whether or not water resources practitioners in South Africa should respond to climate change.

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5

Liu, S., L. Tan, X. Mo e S. Zhang. "The need of the change of the conceptualisation of hydrologic processes under extreme conditions – taking reference evapotranspiration as an example". Proceedings of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences 371 (12 giugno 2015): 167–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/piahs-371-167-2015.

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Abstract. What a hydrological model displays is the relationships between the output and input in daily, monthly, yearly and other temporal scales. In the case of climate change or other environment changes, the input of the hydrological model may show a gradual or abrupt change. There have been numerous documented studies to explore the response of output of the hydrological models to the change of the input with scenario simulation. Most of the studies assumed that the conceptualisation of hydrologic processes will remain, which may be true for the gradual change of the input. However, under extreme conditions the conceptualisation of hydrologic processes may be completely changed. Taking an example of the Allen's formula to calculate crop reference evapotranspiration (ET0) as a simple hydrological model, we analyze the alternation of the extreme in ET0 from 1955 to 2012 at the Chongling Experimental Station located in Hebei Province, China. The relationships between ET0 and the meteorological factors for the average values, minimum (maximum) values at daily, monthly and annual scales are revealed. It is found the extreme of the output can follow the extreme of the input better when their relationship is more linear. For non-liner relationship, the extreme of the input cannot at all be reflected from the extreme of the output. Relatively, extreme event at daily scale is harder to be shown than that at monthly scale. The result implicates that a routine model may not be able to catch the response to extreme events and it is even more so as we extrapolate models to higher temperature/CO2 conditions in the future. Some possible choices for the improvements are suggested for predicting hydrological extremes.

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6

Wang, Sen, Xia Liu, Xiayu Wang e Wenhao Jia. "Measuring hydrologic regime alterations and hydrodynamic characteristics in the Xijiang River Basin by the IHA-RVA method". Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2865, n. 1 (1 ottobre 2024): 012003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2865/1/012003.

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Abstract An objective assessment of hydrological alterations is crucial for comprehensive water resource management, environmental protection, river ecosystem restoration, and integrated watershed water resource management. To quantitatively assess the ecological hydrologic regime alterations in the Xijiang River Basin in southern China considering the impacts from Longtan Reservoir, daily runoff data from two hydrological stations, Dahuangjiangkou and Wuzhou, are selected from 1973 to 2020. The changes in the flow are analyzed, and the indicators of hydrological alternation/range of variability approach (IHA-RVA) are employed to assess the hydrological regime alternations in the studied basin. The main findings are as follows: (1) Both stations show a decreasing trend in annual runoff, with the moving T-test detecting a change point in the runoff series in 2002. (2) The two stations’ overall hydrologic alteration degrees are 57% and 60%, with a more remarkable variation in the upstream area. Hydrological station changes tend to wane as the distance from the reservoir increases, which indicates that with the increased reservoir-station distance, the impact of the reservoir on the hydrologic process diminishes.

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7

Yang, Yiyang, Siyu Cai, Hao Wang, Ping Wang e Wei Li. "Evolution of Hydrological Conditions and Driving Factors Analysis of the Yongding River in a Changing Environment: A Case Study of the Xiangshuipu Section". Agronomy 13, n. 9 (30 agosto 2023): 2289. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13092289.

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Hydrological conditions are key factors in the evaluation of water resources and ecosystems. The Yongding River Basin has many irrigated areas, and excessive agricultural water consumption has led to serious water shortages and ecosystem damage. To investigate the evolution of ecohydrological conditions and their driving factors in the Yongding River basin in a changing environment, this study combines indicators of hydrologic alteration with the range of variability approach (IHA-RVA) to identify the most ecologically relevant hydrological indicators (ERHIs) and to determine the periods of hydrological variability in the basin, using the Xiangshuipu section on the Yang River as the study area. By calculating the degree of hydrological alteration, the evolutionary pattern of ecohydrological conditions in the basin was analyzed, and the WetSpa model was used to quantitatively identify the contributions of climate change, reservoir storage, and irrigation water withdrawal to the alteration of hydrological conditions. The results showed that the rise and fall rate; maximum and minimum 1 day flows; dates of maximum flow; and July flows were the most ecologically relevant hydrological indicators for the Xiangshuipu section. Variability of this section occurred between 1982 and 1988; except for the annual maximum 1 day flows and fall rate, which underwent moderate changes; all other indicators exhibited small changes and the overall hydrological alteration of the Xiangshuipu section was low. The most influential change in the hydrological conditions was irrigation water withdrawal (from specific irrigation); followed by climate change and reservoir storage. The results of this study provide an important basis for water resources utilization and ecological management in the Yongding River basin.

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8

Lestari, Isnayulia, e Bambang Dwi Dasanto. "Determination of Extreme Hydrological Index using HBV Model Simulation Results (Case Study : Upper Ciliwung Watershed)". Agromet 33, n. 1 (11 giugno 2019): 20–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/j.agromet.33.1.20-29.

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The study of climate change on hydrological response is a crucial as climate change impact will drive the change in hydrological regimes of river. Upper Ciliwung watershed is one of the critical rivers in Java Island, which has been affected by climate change. This study aims to: (i) simulate the discharge flow using the Hydrologiska Byrans Vattenbalansavdelning (HBV) model; (ii) simulate future flow using three general circulation models (GCM) namely Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) Mk.3.6.0, Model for Interdisciplinary Research on Climate version 5 (MIROC5), and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory-Coupled Model generation 3 (GFDL-CM3); (iii) determine the changes of extreme hydrological index during historical period (2001-2015) and projected period (2031-2045). The historical year simulation and projections are used to determine eight hydrologic extreme indices for high flow and low flow. We calibrated the HBV model for two years (2001-2002) and validated it for two years (2003-2004). Our model performed well in discharge simulation as shown by the NSE values (0.66 for calibration and validation). Then we calculated the indices for each period used (historical and projected). To show the changes in hydrological regimes, we compare the indices between two periods. Changes in the index of the two periods tend to decrease in value on the index parameters that characterize the minimum extreme events. Hence, that it is possible in the projected period there will be extreme hydrological events in the form of drought.

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9

Chevuturi, Amulya, Nicholas P. Klingaman, Andrew G. Turner, Liang Guo e Pier Luigi Vidale. "Projected Changes in the East Asian Hydrological Cycle for Different Levels of Future Global Warming". Atmosphere 13, n. 3 (1 marzo 2022): 405. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos13030405.

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Recent decades have shown significant changes to the hydrological cycle over East Asia (EA), and further changes are expected due to future global warming. This study evaluates projected seasonal changes in the EA hydrological cycle using simulations that are 1.5 °C, 2.0 °C and 3.0 ∘C warmer than pre-industrial, from the Met Office Unified Model (MetUM) Global Ocean Mixed Layer model version 2.0 (GOML2.0), compared against present-day conditions. The moisture sources of the warming-induced precipitation changes are identified over five hydrologically unique regions within EA. Precipitation over EA increases with warming (except over southeastern EA in the spring and autumn) due to the intensified hydrological cycle. The projected seasonal changes in the hydrological cycle are usually nonlinear, with the rate of change between 1.5 ∘C and 2.0 ∘C larger than the rate of change between 2.0 ∘C and 3.0 ∘C of warming. The warming-induced precipitation increases are mainly associated with an increase in remote moisture convergence rather than local moisture recycling, except over the Tibetan Plateau. Decomposition of the changes in moisture sources by direction and flux component indicate that changes from the west are dominated by changes to moisture and changes from the north are more circulation driven. The changes from the south are moisture driven over southern EA and driven by moisture and circulation change over northern EA. Our results highlight the regionally and seasonally diverse projected changes to the EA hydrological cycle due to global warming, which will be useful for region-specific climate mitigation policies and the implementation of seasonally varying adaptation methods.

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10

Visser-Quinn, Annie, Lindsay Beevers e Sandhya Patidar. "Replication of ecologically relevant hydrological indicators following a modified covariance approach to hydrological model parameterization". Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 23, n. 8 (9 agosto 2019): 3279–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-3279-2019.

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Abstract. Hydrological models can be used to assess the impact of hydrologic alteration on the river ecosystem. However, there are considerable limitations and uncertainties associated with the replication of ecologically relevant hydrological indicators. Vogel and Sankarasubramanian's 2003 (Water Resources Research) covariance approach to model evaluation and parameterization represents a shift away from algorithmic model calibration with traditional performance measures (objective functions). Using the covariance structures of the observed input and simulated output time series, it is possible to assess whether the selected hydrological model is able to capture the relevant underlying processes. From this plausible parameter space, the region of parameter space which best captures (replicates) the characteristics of a hydrological indicator may be identified. In this study, a modified covariance approach is applied to five hydrologically diverse case study catchments with a view to replicating a suite of ecologically relevant hydrological indicators identified through catchment-specific hydroecological models. The identification of the plausible parameter space (here n≈20) is based on the statistical importance of these indicators. Evaluation is with respect to performance and consistency across each catchment, parameter set, and the 40 ecologically relevant hydrological indicators considered. Timing and rate of change indicators are the best and worst replicated respectively. Relative to previous studies, an overall improvement in consistency is observed. This study represents an important advancement towards the robust application of hydrological models for ecological flow studies.

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Più fonti

Tesi sul tema "Hydrological change"

1

Dubey, Anjali. "Climate Change and Hydrological Budget". The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1344872352.

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2

Dunn, Christine Elizabeth. "Hydrological responses to moorland land-use change". Thesis, University of Hull, 1986. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:5038.

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Most documented investigations of the effects of land-use change on hydrological systems have considered the modification of forest areas. In this thesis, a headwater area in the North York Moors is used to examine the consequences of maintaining a land management regime which has received comparatively little observation in this context: controlled heather burning (muirburn). The effects of coniferous afforestation are also evaluated for selected variables. Particular attention is given to the responses of soil, moisture and evapotranspiration and the relationship between these two components.Simulated soil moisture deficits derived from empirical models are tested against measured values. Predictions based on Penman-Monteith evapotranspiration and 'layer' moisture deficits, along with an optimised soil-drying parameter, were found to simulate observed conditions most closely. A land-use change from open heather moorland to burnt ground promoted reductions both in evapotranspiration levels, especially at potential demando and in moisture deficits. In contrast, following afforestation, deficits were maintained or enhanced throughout the year, with higher moisture losses to interception than found under heather, due to the higher aerodynamic resistance of the latter. Predictions of actual evapotranspiration, determined from soil moisture models, were generally found to be reliable estimates of those 'observed' from the moorland water balance.Antecedent catchment conditions and storm characteristics were used in analysis of runoff distribution over time, quantified in terms of 'unit hydrographs' and linear regression models. Land-use effects were manifested most significantly in a doubling of hydrograph peak discharge following muirburn, the lower measured soil moisture deficits under a burnt catchment rendering more water available for storm runoff. A secondary, underlying control, that of a slower response from a wet catchment, lent 'support to evidence for the existence of variable source areas.

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3

Hulme, M. "Secular climatic and hydrological change in central Sudan". Thesis, Swansea University, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.637343.

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4

Mousavi, Zahra. "Radiative forcing, climate change and global hydrological cycle". Thesis, University of Reading, 2017. http://centaur.reading.ac.uk/75277/.

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Anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases and aerosols have led to climate change including changes in surface temperature and precipitation. The surface temperature response is better understood than the precipitation response as a result of observed data availability and the complexity of the physics governing hydrological cycle changes. The complex general climate models (GeMs) are computationally demanding and include many physical processes that contribute to the changing water cycle. It remains necessary to understand the main drivers of this change. In this thesis, the main aim is to understand the water cycle changes by examining the degree to which simple models can simulate global-average results emerging from GeMs. For this purpose, a simple atmospheric energy budget model is used to calculate the global mean precipitation changes for the historical period and future scenarios. The results are then compared with GeMs to understand the physical processes affecting the global precipitation changes. The original form of the simple atmospheric energy budget model does not take into account many different factors included in GeMs, such as regional temperature and precipitation changes, fast surface sensible heat flux changes, fast precipitation response of volcanic aerosols and inter-annual variability. This work examines whether it is possible to extend the simple model to include some of these factors or compare the idealised experiments with the results of complex models (Wu et al. 2010). The simple model does well in producing the total global precipitation anomalies compared with GeMs multi-model mean consistent with earlier studies. The results of the simple model for individual GeMs are in less good agreement and different reasons for this disagreement have been investigated. Substituting the temperature changes from each GeM and also normalising the radiative forcings of simple model to the adjusted GeM RFs lead to an increase in compatibility between the simple model and GeMs, indicating that the main differences are related to the temperature equation and RFs. Adding the fast response of volcanic aerosols also increased the correlation between the simple model and GeMs particularly in volcanic years. Using new results from (Precipitation Driver Response Model Intercomparison Project) PDRMIP, the effect of fast surface sensible heat changes has been investigated which shows a considerable contribution to atmospheric energy budget changes particularly for aerosols. The simple model has been modified by adding the fast sensible heat changes which leads to a small improvement in the simple model; however it is not possible to be certain how robust this improvement is. More data and more work is still required but generally it is concluded that the simple model performs well compared with complex models.

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5

Kennedy, Michael Patrick. "Predicting the impact of hydrological change on wetland vegetation". Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2001. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/3984/.

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During a three year field study (1997-2000) vegetation assemblages, collective vegetation variables, traits of dominant populations and hydrological and hydrochemical variables were repeat-sampled within seven wetland sites across Scotland and northern England. These ranged from the Irish Marshes, Inverness-shire in the north, to Tarn Moss, Cumbria at the southern extreme. Sampling was conducted at a total of fifty-six permanent sample stations located along a total of eleven transects. Vegetation groupings were defined using multivariate analyses, and were classified as various fen, mire, and swamp NVC community types. The various groups were characterised by the values for the range of variables measured, and significant differences were seen between a number of these variables for different groupings. In addition, certain separate groupings with the same community classification were also seen to have significant variations between them in terms of trophic status, and canopy height and biomass values. Collective vegetation variables and dominant population trait values were successfully predicted from physical and chemical variables measured within the groundwater and substrate during 1999. A number of specific models incorporating relatively large numbers of predictor variables were proposed alongside more general models incorporating fewer predictor variables. The greatest predictive power with R2 = 0.67 (p<0.001) for a model predicting stem density (m-2). Conversely, vegetation variables proved useful for predicting characteristics of the groundwater environment, for which specific and general models were against proposed. In this instance, the greatest predictive power was R2 = 0.79 (p<0.001) for a model predicting minimum water table level (i.e. maximum level of drawdown). The models were tested using data collected during 2000 from repeat sites and independent sites. Whilst some of the variables were predicted within noisy limits, predicted values generally corresponded well to observed values.

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6

Li, Y. "Assessment of the hydrological impacts of land use change in the Daning River Catchment, China using hydrological modelling". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2013. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1420496/.

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In order to effectively manage river basin systems, a full understanding of the effects of land use change on hydrological processes, as well as knowledge on spatial heterogeneity of surface runoff with associated catchment characteristics, is required. This thesis employed the SWAT2009 model and SUFI-2 tool to understand the hydrological response to land use change in the Daning River catchment, Three Gorges Reservoir area, China. Firstly, appropriate landscape representations for the SWAT-based hydrological modelling were examined. DEM spatial resolution, catchment delineation scale and HRU definition were identified so that the inputs uncertainty could be reduced to a minimal level. Secondly, a consistent underestimation of discharge using station-based climatic records disclosed there was insufficient precipitation due to the location of the rain gauge at relatively low altitude. Considering the orographic effects on precipitation, Daning hydrological models were well calibrated and validated with the sparse climate observations. The model prediction uncertainty was also quantified. Thirdly, using the calibrated hydrological models of the Daning River catchment, this study quantified the effects of land use change (1990 and 2004) on the hydrological processes in the whole basin and sub-catchment levels. In 1982-1993, the change of land use pattern from 1990 to 2004 resulted in an increase of surface runoff, whereas, in 1996-2007 reverting the land use from 2004 to 1990 caused a slight decrease of river flows. Increased forest cover decreased surface runoff at the sub-catchment level. A concurrent increase of agricultural land, which brought about more surface runoff, weakened the forest‘s ecological function of water retention at the catchment scale. This thesis highlights that the strategy of land use exploration for human use along with the afforestation is not always effective in ecological protection. With the changing land use in future, composition of forests and agricultural land is a significant element being considered.

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7

Nyaupane, Narayan. "STATISTICAL EVALUATION OF HYDROLOGICAL EXTREMES ON STORMWATER SYSTEM". OpenSIUC, 2018. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/2300.

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Climate models have anticipated higher future extreme precipitations and streamflows for various regions. Urban stormwater facilities are vulnerable to these changes as the design assumes stationarity. However, recent climate change studies have argued about the existence of non-stationarity of the climate. Distribution method adopted on extreme precipitation varies spatially and may not always follow same distribution method. In this research, two different natural extremities were analyzed for two separate study areas. First, the future design storm depth based on the stationarity of climate and GEV distribution method was examined with non-stationarity and best fit distribution. Second, future design flood was analyzed and routed on a river to estimate the future flooding. Climate models from North American Regional Climate Change Assessment Program (NARCCAP) and Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5 (CMIP5) were fitted to 27 different distribution using Chi-square and Kolmogorov Smirnov goodness of fit. The best fit distribution method was used to calculate design storm depth as well as design flood. Climate change scenarios were adopted as delta change factor, a downscaling approach to transfer historical design value to the climate adopted future design value. Most of the delta change factor calculated were higher than one, representing strong climate change impact on future. HEC-HMS and HEC-RAS models were used to simulate the stormwater infrastructures and river flow. The result shows an adverse effect on stormwater infrastructure in the future. The research highlights the importance of available climate information and suggests a possible approach for climate change adaptation on stormwater design practice.

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8

Viau, André E. "Lake level variations and global hydrological change, a spatio-temporal analysis". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0004/MQ45255.pdf.

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9

Son, Ill. "Modelling the hydrological effects of land-use change in small catchment". Thesis, University of Southampton, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.358382.

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10

Guardiola-Claramonte, Maria Teresa. "EFFECTS OF LAND USE / LAND COVER CHANGE ON THE HYDROLOGICAL PARTITIONING". Diss., The University of Arizona, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/145730.

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Current global population growth and economic development accelerates the land cover conversion in many parts of the world and compromises the natural environment. However, the impacts of this land cover change on the hydrologic cycle at local to regional scales are poorly understood. The thesis presented here investigates the hydrologic implications of land use conversion in two different settings using two different approaches. The first study focuses in Southeast Asia and the expansion of rubber monocultures in a middle-sized basin. Field measurements suggest rubber has distinct dynamics compared to the area's native vegetation, depleting and exhausting the local water balance more than native vegetation. A phenology based evapotranspiration function is developed and used in a hillslope based hydrologic model to predict the implications of rubber expansion at a basin scale. The second study is centered in the semi-arid southwestern United States. This study challenges the traditional assumption that deforestation increases water yield at regional scales. Observations of water yield in basins affected by a regional piñon pine die-off show a decline in water yield during several years after die-off. These results suggest an increase in landscape sensitivity to vegetation disruption in semi-arid ecosystems as scale increases. Consequences of both studies have important implications for land and water managers in these different ecosystems.

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Più fonti

Libri sul tema "Hydrological change"

1

Pandey, Ashish, Sanjay Kumar e Arun Kumar, a cura di. Hydrological Aspects of Climate Change. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0394-5.

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2

Jones, J. A. A., Changming Liu, Ming-Ko Woo e Hsiang-Te Kung, a cura di. Regional Hydrological Response to Climate Change. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5676-9.

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3

Ward, George H. Hydrological predictands for climate-change modeling. Denver, Colo: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, Denver Office, 1996.

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4

Ward, George H. Hydrological predictands for climate-change modeling. Denver, Colo: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, Denver Office, 1996.

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5

Siegfried, Demuth, IAHS International Commission on Water Resources Systems. e Flow Regimes from International Experimental and Network Data (Project), a cura di. Climate variability and change--hydrological impacts. [Wallingford, Oxfordshire, UK]: IAHS, 2006.

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6

A, Jones J. A., a cura di. Regional hydrological response to climate change. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1996.

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7

Schumann, A. H. Considering hydrological change in reservoir planning and management. A cura di International Association of Hydrological Sciences e Joint IAHS-IASPO-IASPEI Scientific Assembly "Knowledge for the Future" (2013 : Göteborg, Sweden). Wallingford, Oxfordshire, UK: International Association of Hydrological Sciences, 2013.

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8

Taniguchi, Makoto. From headwaters to the ocean: Hydrological change and water management. S.l.]: CRC Press, 2008.

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9

Dam, Jan C. van, 1931- e Unesco, a cura di. Impacts of climate change and climate variability on hydrological regimes. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999.

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10

Arnell, Nigel. Impact of climatic variability and change on river flow regimes in the UK. Wallingford: Institute of Hydrology, 1990.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Hydrological change"

1

Mächel, Hermann, Bruno Rudolf, Thomas Maurer, Stefan Hagemann, Reinhard Hagenbrock, Lev Kitaev, Eirik J. Førland, Vjacheslav Rasuvaev e Ole Einar Tveito. "Observed Hydrological Cycle". In Arctic Climate Change, 199–246. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2027-5_5.

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Yoosefdoost, Icen, Omid Bozorg-Haddad, Vijay P. Singh e Kwok Wing Chau. "Hydrological Models". In Climate Change in Sustainable Water Resources Management, 283–329. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-1898-8_8.

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Singh, Ashish, e R. K. Shukla. "Snow Cover Change in Kullu District Using Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System". In Hydrological Modeling, 231–40. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-81358-1_18.

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Beran, Max. "The Climate System and Hydrological Cycle". In Global Environmental Change, 57–81. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76067-9_5.

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Beran, Max A., e Nigel W. Arnell. "Climate Change and Hydrological Disasters". In Hydrology of Disasters, 41–62. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-8680-1_3.

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Maity, Rajib. "Hydrological Alterations under Climate Change". In Civil Engineering Innovations for Sustainable Communities with Net Zero Targets, 102–28. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781032686899-7.

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Wood, Eric F. "Hydrological Modeling from Local to Global Scales". In Anthropogenic Climate Change, 61–81. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59992-7_3.

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Klemeš, V. "Geophysical Time Series and Climatic Change". In Hydrological Models for Environmental Management, 109–28. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0470-1_9.

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Alpert, Pinhas, Debbie Hemming, Fengjun Jin, Gillian Kay, Akio Kitoh e Annarita Mariotti. "The Hydrological Cycle of the Mediterranean". In Advances in Global Change Research, 201–39. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5781-3_8.

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Chanda, Kironmala, e Rajib Maity. "Global Climate Pattern Behind Hydrological Extremes in Central India". In Climate Change Impacts, 71–89. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5714-4_6.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Hydrological change"

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Rankova, Maya, Elena Bojilova, Plamen Angelov, Borislav Vuchkov e Radoslava Ivanova. "COMPARISON OF THE RESULTS OBTAINED BY THE PROPOSED METHODOLOGY FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RUNOFF WITH THOSE CALCULATED UNDER THE CURRENT REGULATION". In 24th SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2024, 75–82. STEF92 Technology, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2024/3.1/s12.09.

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In climate change, drought, and water scarcity, the natural functioning of river systems largely depends on the proper distribution of water resources. Accurate determination of hydrological characteristics is essential for the sustainable management of water resources and provides information on the status and potential of water systems. Water management must be implemented in such a way as to meet the needs of man and the economy. At the same time, measures are taken to protect the quantitative characteristics of the aquatic environment. This means that water consumption must not exceed a particular limit value of the river flow - the ecological river flow. The development set determines the hydrological characteristics according to the methodology developed for determining the environmental flow for Bulgarian conditions and comparing it with the value according to the current regulation. The results obtained make it possible to make adequate management decisions, guaranteeing the maintenance of sufficient water in rivers and water ecosystems. The current regulation uses average annual and minimum average monthly water quantities. In our presented Methodology, the estimates are based on average monthly values grouped by three types of water content. It is recommended to work with a hydrological approach and standard statistical methods for calculating ecological flow, which requires a minimum of hydro-ecological information and enables the development of a national strategy.

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"Modelling hydrological change due to wildfires". In 24th International Congress on Modelling and Simulation. Modelling and Simulation Society of Australia and New Zealand, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36334/modsim.2021.j8.partington.

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Knoppová, Kateřina, Daniel Marton e Petr Štěpánek. "APPLICATION OF RAINFALL-RUNOFF MODEL: CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS ON RESERVOIR INFLOW". In XXVII Conference of the Danubian Countries on Hydrological Forecasting and Hydrological Bases of Water Management. Nika-Tsentr, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/uhmi.conference.01.11.

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The impacts of climate change are beginning to be felt in the Czech Republic. In recent years, we were challenging a dry period, which threatens to continue affecting Czech economy, agriculture and personal comfort of local people. The need to adapt to climate change is obvious. The groundwater resources are in continuous decline, consequently, the surface water supplies are increasing in importance. How would the quantity of available water change in the future? How much water would we be able to store within the year to manage it during the dry seasons? Rainfall-runoff models enable us to simulate future changes in hydrological conditions based on climate projections. One of such tools is Runoff Prophet, the conceptual lumped model being developed at the Institute of Landscape Water Management at Brno University of Technology. It is used to simulate time series of monthly river flow in a catchment outlet without the need to describe the morphological characteristics of the catchment. Runoff Prophet produced good results of calibration and proved its suitability for conceptual hydrological modelling in variable hydrological conditions of the Czech Republic. The aim of the paper was to assess the possible impact of climate change on future inflow into Vír I. Reservoir, one of the drinking water resources for Brno, a city of 380 000 inhabitants. The recently developed software Runoff Prophet was used to simulate future river flow time series. The model was calibrated on the catchment of gauging station Dalečín on Svratka River as the reservoir inflow. Prognoses of future river flow were performed using climate scenarios prepared by Global Change Research Institute of Czech Academy of Sciences. These scenarios (RCP types) are based on the outcomes from different regional climate models of Euro-CORDEX initiative. Characteristics of possible future air temperature and precipitation in the basin were evaluated in terms of its impact on reservoir management. The results of hydrological modelling gave the perspective of expected changes in Vír I. inflow yield. The options of using Vír I. Reservoir as a drinking water supply for Brno in coming decades were assessed.

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"Modelling hydrological changes in New South Wales under future climate change". In 21st International Congress on Modelling and Simulation (MODSIM2015). Modelling and Simulation Society of Australia and New Zealand, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.36334/modsim.2015.g4.young.

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"Modelling hydrological impact of remotely sensed vegetation change". In 25th International Congress on Modelling and Simulation. Modelling and Simulation Society of Australia and New Zealand, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36334/modsim.2023.zheng658.

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Reboita, Michelle, Marta Llopart e Rosmeri da Rocha. "Land use change over Amazon Forest and its impact on the climate". In First International Electronic Conference on the Hydrological Cycle. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chycle-2017-04838.

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Erturk, Ali, Gokhan Cuceloglu, Alpaslan Ekdal, Mehmet Kalfazade, Salim Yaykiran, Asli Ozabali Sabuncugil, Aysegul Tanik e Izzet Ozturk. "Estimation of Blue and Green Water Potentials of Türkiye under Global Climate Change Effects". In The 2nd International Conference on Civil Infrastructure and Construction. Qatar University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/cic.2023.0157.

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This study analyzed the impact of global climate change scenarios on the water resources of Turkiye by means of various climate and hydrological simulations projected for this century. An integrated approach was used by coupling regional climate models and a semi-distributed hydrologic model to assess the climate change impacts. A regional climate model, that is the output of 3 global models (HadGEM2-ES, MPI-ESM-MR and CNRM-CM5.1), has been conducted with RCP4.5 & RCP8.5 emission scenarios for whole the country at the watershed-scale with a resolution of 10x10 km. Hydrological simulations were conducted by using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) Model to determine the variation of surface and groundwater resources based on climate change projections. Blue water flow (water yield + deep aquifer recharges), green water storage (soil water), and water surplus/deficit projections have been conducted considering the current and projected status for water-consuming sectors of domestic, industry, agriculture, and ecosystem services. Results attained were further evaluated through statistical methods regarding blue water flow and green water storage potential of the country. The main purpose of the study was to aid the legal authorities, and decision-makers in prioritizing the environmental measures to be taken for mitigation of climate change impacts on Turkiye in the long- run. The work was the first country-wide hydrological modelling study through globally accepted climate change scenarios.

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Wang, Hui, Jian Wu, Junyu Dong, Xin Sun, Hui Ding e Jing Zeng. "Combining support vector machine with hydrological model to research the impact of hydrological environment change". In OCEANS 2016 - Shanghai. IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/oceansap.2016.7485499.

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Stoyanova, Silviya, Valeriya Yordanova e Vesela Stoyanova. "ASSESSMENT OF PEAK FLOW VARIATION DUE TO LANDUSE CHANGE: VIT RIVER CASE STUDY". In 23rd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2023. STEF92 Technology, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2023/3.1/s12.06.

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The results of many research projects and studies report that landuse/ landcover change (LULCC) is a major driver of the changes in the hydrological processes within a watershed. Landuse induced landcover changes, e.g., urbanization, deforestation, have a direct impact on the hydrological regime of watersheds thus increasing their vulnerability to extreme hydrological events. In this research the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was used to study the landuse/landcover change impact on the hydrological dynamics within a watershed with respect to peak flow. The physically-based, semi-distributed hydrological SWAT model was applied over Vit river basin in Bulgaria. SWAT was set up with a meteorological information for the period 2015-2020 and the Corine Land Cover (CLC2012) dataset was used to classify the different landuse types in the watershed. The model was further calibrated and validated towards measured discharge data. The rainfall-runoff process in Vit river basin was re-modelled by having the calibrated SWAT model applied using the same meteorological input time series data and a future landcover change scenario. Future landuse/landcover change scenario was selected following the "Sustainable Futures for Europe's Heritage in Cultural Landscapes" project (HERCULES) open mapping platform. The results of the simulations with the CLC2012 and the future landcover shange scenario landuse datasets are presented in this paper. The future landcover change scenario simulated daily discharges were compared against the simulated with the CLC2012 dataset daily discharges. The results of the modelled surface runoff with the two landcover scenarios were also analyzed to evaluate quantitative and spatial distribution changes. Compared to CLC2012, the FLC scenario simulation results showed a tendency toward maximal peak flow increase, higher surface runoff and decrease of minimal streamflow.

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Ejeta, Messele, Francis Chung, Sushil Arora e Armin Munévar. "Incorporating Climate Change into Hydrological Data for Planning Models". In World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2008. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40976(316)521.

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Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Hydrological change"

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S. Blair. Calculation of Permeability Change Due to Coupled Thermal-Hydrological-Mechanical Effects. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), giugno 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/893794.

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Hasan, Abdulghani. Flood Modelling Tool : an integrated GIS and hydrological modelling tool for planning nature-based solutions in the urban environment. Faculty of Landscape Architecture, Horticulture and Crop Production Science, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.54612/a.5s9t2ca774.

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The risk of pluvial flooding is going to increase as climate change causes an increase in intense precipitation along with urbanisation leading to an increase in impermeable surfaces. In the last decade, cities such as Malmö and Copenhagen have already experienced severe pluvial flooding that has caused extensive damage. Adapting to climate change by creating flood resilient urban areas is therefore important and blue-green infrastructure (BGI) may be one measure to accomplish this. A hydrological model called TFM-DYN has been used to investigate whether BGI can aid the mitigation of pluvial flooding. TFM-DYN can also assist in selecting the best locations of BGIs. The problem of modeling urban floods using distributed high resolution hydrological models while considering the hydrological process in the upstream area is difficult due to the limited current computation capacity. However, coupling a distributed hydrological model (TFM-DYN) with an other semi distributed models (HYPE) is crucial to enable simulate, predict and map floods with high-resolution for an urban area while considering its catchment area. With the using of the new suggested coupled hydrological model, it is possible to connect and use the output results from HYPE model as an input to a distributed model (TFM-DYN). The interaction between HYPE and TFM-DYN will consider the hydrologic process occurred outside the model boundary of the interested urban area. The coupling of the two models will help initiating the model with real water depth data that may lead to more realistic simulation. The procedure of input data manipulation using the two model interactions is explained in details. The model is tested on a selected urban area to dynamically simulate the changes in the water depth with time using high resolution gridded data. The new coupled model can be of a great tool for wide range of user and stakeholders as an example to municipalities, water experts, insurance companies and to all other interested water organizations who have access to regional catchment models and in need for a high-resolution, flood simulation and mapping model.

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Vuille, Mathias. Climate Change and Water Resources in the Tropical Andes. Inter-American Development Bank, marzo 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0009090.

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This paper describes the challenges surrounding current and future water use in the tropical Andes by first reviewing the modern and future projected hydrological cycle and anticipated impacts on environmental services provided by glaciers and wetland vegetation. The discussion then elaborates on the current tensions and conflicts surrounding water use from a social and economic perspective, and ends by focusing on the challenges ahead and looking at possible solutions for more-sustainable and equitable future water use in the region.

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Larbi, Jelian. Impact of Climate Change on Hydrological Processes and Water Resources: Insights, Challenges, and Strategies for Resilience. American Society of Civil Engineers, febbraio 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/infographic.000017.

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Sood, A., L. Muthuwatta, N. S. Silva e M. McCartney. Understanding the hydrological impacts of climate change in the Tana River Basin, Kenya. International Water Management Institute (IWMI), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5337/2017.220.

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Pradhan, Nawa Raj, Charles Wayne Downer e Sergey Marchenko. User guidelines on catchment hydrological modeling with soil thermal dynamics in Gridded Surface Subsurface Hydrologic Analysis (GSSHA). Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), marzo 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/48331.

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Climate warming is expected to degrade permafrost in many regions of the world. Degradation of permafrost has the potential to affect soil thermal, hydrological, and vegetation regimes. Projections of long-term effects of climate warming on high-latitude ecosystems require a coupled representation of soil thermal state and hydrological dynamics. Such a coupled framework was developed to explicitly simulate the soil moisture effects of soil thermal conductivity and heat capacity and its effects on hydrological response. In the coupled framework, the Geophysical Institute Permafrost Laboratory (GIPL) model is coupled with the Gridded Surface Subsurface Hydrologic Analysis (GSSHA) model. The new permafrost heat transfer in GSSHA is computed with the GIPL scheme that simulates soil temperature dynamics and the depth of seasonal freezing and thawing by numerically solving a one-dimensional quasilinear heat equation with phase change. All the GIPL input and output parameters and the state variables are set up to be consistent with the GSSHA input-output format and grid distribution data input requirements. Test-case simulated results showed that freezing temperatures reduced soil storage capacity, thereby producing higher peak and lower base flow. The report details the functions and format of required input variables and cards, as a guideline, in GSSHA hydrothermal analysis of frozen soils in permafrost-active areas.

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Birk, Steffen, Christian Griebler, Johannes C. Haas, Alice Retter, Ainur Kokimova, Constanze Englisch, Santiago Gaviria, Johannes Grath, Heike Brielmann e Christine Stumpp. Impact of extreme hydrological events on the quantity and quality of groundwater in alpine regions – multiple-index application for an integrative hydrogeo-ecological assessment. Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, settembre 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1553/ess-integrative-groundwater-assessment.

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Freshwater ecosystems in mountain areas are considered important water resources and biodiversity hotspots that are highly sensitive to changes in climate. The Alpine region is known to be particularly affected by climate change, including changes in hydrological extremes such as droughts and floods, which are expected to become more frequent and intense. Despite the importance of groundwater as a primary water resource, climate change impacts on groundwater quality, including those resulting from hydrological extremes, have been rarely addressed to date. Moreover, groundwater monitoring is currently focused on physical-chemical indicators, whereas groundwater ecological features such as biodiversity and ecosystem functioning are hardly considered. Against this background, this project addressed the following overarching research question: How do groundwater systems in an alpine and prealpine environment respond to extreme hydrological events in terms of water quantity and chemical quality as well as ecological status? To address this question, the valley of the river Mur from its alpine source area at 2000 m a.s.l. to the Austrian–Slovenian border at 200 m a.s.l. was considered. Thus, the investigation area included alpine and prealpine areas, different type of hydrogeological settings and different human impacts. Existing long-term data was complemented by high-resolution monitoring over time and sampling campaigns addressing wastewater-borne micro-pollutants, microbiological parameters, and groundwater fauna. Our results demonstrate a deterioration of water quality from the alpine source area towards the foreland, corresponding to the more intense agricultural and urban land use in the foreland. The vulnerability of groundwater systems to hydrological extremes is closely related to linkages between water quantity and water quality, which are found to be determined by the groundwater recharge mechanisms and their spatiotemporal dynamics. To achieve a more holistic assessment of groundwater systems, we recommend that their ecosystem nature is taken into account by microbiological indicators that complement existing hydrological and hydrochemical indices. The B-A-(E) index is proposed for this purpose but needs further development by transciplinary research involving local experts and stakeholders to define appropriate reference conditions that enable classifications into meaningful water-quality categories.

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Miralles-Wilhelm, Fernando, Fekadu Moreda e Raúl Muñoz Castillo. Hydro-BID: An Integrated System for Modeling Impacts of Climate Change on Water Resources. Part 2. Inter-American Development Bank, dicembre 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0010604.

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As part of its commitment to assist member countries in adapting to climate change, the IDB sponsors work to develop and implement an integrated set of watershed simulation tools known as Hydro-BID. The Hydro-BID Simulation System includes hydrological and climatic analysis modules to estimate the availability (volumes and flows) of fresh water at regional scales, of basins and sub-basins. It also includes economic analyses and decision-making tools to estimate the costs and benefits of adaptation measures and help decision-makers choose between alternative designs of infrastructure projects and water resources management policies.

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Lindner, André, Jürgen Stamm, Edeltraud Günther, Mukand Babel, Hasmik Barseghyan e Kensuke Fukushi Titel. Water security and climate change adaptation as local challenges with global importance – addressing the gap between knowledge generation and best practice application. Technische Universität Dresden, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.25368/2023.117.

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The communication of naturally complex issues like climate change, tipping points, socio-ecological systems, and their interaction with the hydrological cycle and water security is equally important as it is challenging. Beyond the complexity, the long-term and often delayed characteristics furthermore do not match with either political election cycles or quarterly business reports. Academic institutions are at the forefront to assess, reveal and understand such complex systems, but certainly more engagement is needed to effectively transfer the most urgent derivations in practice and policy on the one hand, but also invest into a continuing effort in creating a general understanding and susceptibility to crucial stakeholders of those characteristics on the other. Transformative interaction, and hence closing the gap between knowledge generation and best practice application needs to be eased down to an implementable level, but without any oversimplification. A prerequisite for such an approach in successful multilateral cooperation would be a common baseline – a mutual Water Culture among all stakeholders when addressing water security with meaningful climate adaptation measures.

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Lutz, A., W. W. Immerzeel, S. R. Bajracharya, M. Litt e A. Shrestha. Impacts of Climate Change on the Cryosphere, Hydrological Regimes and Glacial Lakes of the Hindu Kush Himalayas; A Review of Current Knowledge - ICIMOD Research Report 2016/3. Kathmandu, Nepal: International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.53055/icimod.635.

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