Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Hydroliennes – Essais"
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Tesi sul tema "Hydroliennes – Essais":
Jaquier, Thomas. "Hydroliennes à flux transverse : développement d'un prototype HARVEST en canal". Thesis, Grenoble, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011GRENI059/document.
Instream water turbines belong to the innovative energy which could contribute to the diversificationof renewable power sources. Works done during this thesis aims at contributing to the overallobjective of developing the HARVEST turbine, a cross flow ducted turbines concept, in realizing andtesting an entire prototype to demonstrate the value of the concept, to understand physicalphenomena involved and to validate the numerical applications developed in the laboratory LEGI.This prototype has been put and tested in an EDF open channel near Grenoble. The results are veryencouraging in terms of energy performance, mechanical behavior and control of the impact on thewater channel. This memory is ending with technological conclusions on the presented work andopenings on the possibilities of industrialization of the concept
Mycek, Paul. "Etude numérique et expérimentale du comportement d'hydroliennes". Thesis, Le Havre, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LEHA0010/document.
This manuscript deals with the numerical and experimental characterisation of the behaviour of marine current turbines. In the experimental part, trials were run at IFREMER’s wave and current flume tank in Boulogne-Sur-Mer, on prototypes of three-bladed horizontal axis turbines. Configurations with one single turbine on the one hand, and two turbines aligned with the incoming flow on the other hand, were considered for a large range of TSRs and, when relevant, of inter-device distances. The behaviour of the turbines is analysed in terms of performances (power and thrust coefficients) and development of the wake. The effects of the ambient turbulence intensity rate are also considered. Besides, numerical computations, obtained from a tridimensional unsteady software, based on the Vortex particle method and developed at the LOMC (UMR 6294, CNRS – University of Le Havre) in partnership with IFREMER, are presented. The numerical tool also enables to study the performances and the wake of a turbine. It was rewritten during this PhD and its technical and theoretical support is available in the manuscript, where the Vortex method, as it is used in the software, is described in details
Plourde, Campagna Marc-André. "Hydrolienne à Ailes Oscillantes : conception et modélisation physique et économique de la technologie". Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/30072/30072.pdf.
This master’s thesis is part of a multidisciplinary project to develop a second generation of tidal oscillating wings turbine (HAO-2) at Laboratoire de Mécanique des Fluides Numérique (LMFN) from Laval University. This tidal turbine completely submerged is composed of four wings assembled on gravity-based structure. This work has two parts. The first one focuses on the hydraulic circuit design of the pitch-heave coupling and the energy extraction system. Proposed solutions and a vision of the HAO-2 will be presented in detail. An experimental apparatus is designed to reproduce the coupling circuit and simulate the motion and forces on a wing. It allows to demonstrate the developed system feasibility and determine its efficiency. Various actuators and seals are analyzed. Only components with the best performances are presented in this paper. For the coupling system, a maximum efficiency of 80% is measured. Hydraulic modeling necessary for the second phase of the project has also been calibrated on experimental data, especially, friction in seals. The second part treats the economic modeling of a tidal turbine farm at different scales and in different operating conditions. The program designs the turbine depending on the operating conditions, and then, it estimates the construction cost and it calculates the annual energy extracted. It also calculates the installation cost, the electricity infrastructure and their installation cost and finally the operation and maintenance cost (O&M) throughout the farm life time. The model also takes into account the value of money over time by using the net present value. For the cases comparison, the production cost (CP) and the energy cost (CE) are used. Several sensitivity analyses are carried out on the important parameters of the model. As would be expected, the construction cost and the O&M cost are key factors governing the energy cost of HAO. A particular site is studied, near the Isle-aux-Coudres, which a energy cost about 20 ¢/kWh is obtained for a farm with 80 HAO of 1.25MW each.
Maganga, Fabrice. "Caractérisation numérique et expérimentale des effets d'interaction entre une hydrolienne et le milieu marin". Le Havre, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LEHA0019.
This work aims to characterise by the means of experimental and numerical modeling, the behavior of marine current turbine and the characteristics of the wake generated under realistic inflow conditions. For that purpose, we used a tribladed horizontal axis turbine of 0. 7 m of diameter. Particular attention is paid to the flow characteristic effects on the efficiency of the turbine, but also on the generated wake. Tests are carried out in the Ifremer wave and current flume tank in Boulogne sur Mer and in the towing tank of Brest, taking into account current profils, upstream turbulence intensity level and disturbances generated by wave/current interaction. The development of a threedimensional software based on vortex methods, taking into account the non stationary evolution of the wake generated by a turbine is implemented. The obtained numerical results are compared to the experimental ones, making the validation of tools possible in terms of efficiency and of wake evolution
Ikhennicheu, Maria. "Étude expérimentale de la turbulence dans les zones à forts courants et de son impact sur les hydroliennes". Thesis, Lille 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIL1I055/document.
French waters have a strong potential for tidal turbines applications. In these areas of strong currents, intense velocity fluctuations are observed in the water column. They ultimately come from variations in seabed bathymetry and can have a strong impact on tidal turbine energy production and fatigue. In order to understand the turbulent structures generation in the wake of obstacles and to build a data base for future numerical studies, the Alderney Race conditions are reproduced experimentally, in a wave and current tank, in Froude similitude and with a Reynolds number as high as possible. In this study, real bathymetric variations are represented using canonical elements: a cube, a cylinder, an inclined plane or a combination of all three. Cases with bathymetric variations higher than average (obstacle alone) are differentiated from average rugosity cases (obstacles combined). In order to characterize the wake behind these obstacles and to study how turbulence evolve in the water column, PIV and LDV measurements are made for various turbulence rates of the incoming flow. Results show that the cylinder alone produces the most spread out wake. In that case, large scale turbulent structures, rising all the way to the surface, are identified. The development of processing methods and data analysis allows the detection of vortex centres and the determination of their properties. The cylinder wake impact on a tri-bladed horizontal axis turbine behaviour is then studied. Depending on the position of the turbine relative to the obstacle, the turbine can be subject to large amplitude loads due to velocity fluctuations generated by the presence of the obstacle in the flow. Force measurements on the blades and turbine dynamic behaviour characterization allow to quantify those load variations. They depend on the turbulent structures impacting the turbine and the shear in the velocity profile. The results obtained could be exploited for further fatigue analyses on blades or on other tidal turbine components
Träsch, Martin. "Caractérisation expérimentale et numérique du comportement hydrodynamique d’une hydrolienne à membrane ondulante". Thesis, Lille 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIL1I009/document.
The thesis presented in this document deals with the characterization of the behavior of an undulating membrane tidal energy converter. This kind of device uses the flutter instabilities occurring between a semi-rigid pre-strained membrane and a fluid flow in order to convert the sea currents energy. Above a certain critical flow speed, the structure undulates, thus activating the linear converters fixed on it. In order to study this system, an experimental model is developed and tested in a flume tank. The power conversion system is simulated by hydraulic dampers. The membrane’s dynamics is analyzed in many configurations through trajectory and force measurements, and leads to a parametric study. More realistic flow conditions are also studied, such as the impact of current direction influence and the influence of surface waves on the behavior of the system. Wake characterization is carried out with two-dimensional PIV measurements. Scale effects and confinement are also studied through a comparison with a bigger scale prototype tested in tank and at sea.In addition to the experimental study, an analytical model and a numerical model are developed and compared with experiments. The linear analytical model is based on Euler-Bernouilli’s beam theory and on Lighthill’s slender body theory. It is solved in the frequency domain and gives good undulation frequency and critical speed results. The numerical model uses strong interactions between a fluid code using the vortex method and a structure code based on corotationnal finite elements. This model is validated on an experimental case
Déporte, Astrid. "Caractérisation du fonctionnement d'une hydrolienne à membrane ondulante pour la récupération de l'énergie des courants marins". Thesis, Brest, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BRES0031/document.
This manuscript presents three approaches : analytical, experimental and numerical, to study the behavior of a flexible membrane tidal energy convertor. This technology, developed by the EEL Energy company, is based on periodic deformations of a pre-stressed flexible structure. Energy convertors, located on each side of the device, are set into motion by the wave-like motion.In the analytical model, the membrane is represented by a linear beam model at one dimension and the flow by a 3 dimensions potential fluid. The fluid forces are evaluated by the elongated body theory. Energy is dissipated all over the length of the membrane. A 20th scale experimental prototype has been designed with micro-dampers to simulate the power take-off. Trials have allowed to validate the undulating membrane energy convertor concept. A numerical model has been developed. Each element of the device is represented and the energy dissipation is done by dampers element with a damping law linear to damper velocity.Comparison of the three approaches validates their ability to represent the membrane behavior without damping. The energy dissipation applied with the analytical model is clearly different from the two other models because of the location (where the energy is dissipated) and damping law. The two others show a similar behavior and the same order of power take off repartition but value of power take off are underestimated by the numerical model. These three approaches have allowed to put forward key-parameters on which depend the behavior of the membrane and the parametric study highlights the complementarity and the advantage of developing three approaches in parallel to answer industrial optimization problems.To make the link between trials in flume tank and sea trials, a 1/6th prototype has been built. To do so, the change of scale was studied. The behavior of both prototypes is compared and differences could be explained by differences of boundary conditions and confinement effects. To evaluated membrane long-term behavior at sea, a method of aging accelerated by temperature and fatigue tests have been carried out on prototype materials samples immerged in sea water
Moreau, Martin. "Comportement d'une hydrolienne carénée à double axe vertical dans une diversité de conditions d'écoulement en mer et en bassin d'essais". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023ULILN028.
Limiting human-caused global warming requires, among other adaptations, a substantial reduction of fossil fuel use and a widespread electrification based on low greenhouse gas emission production systems. In this context, harnessing the tidal current energy and other marine renewable energy sources has gained interest for the last decade, which lead to the first offshore tests for several tidal energy converter concepts. Among them, the first 1 megawatt ducted twin vertical axis tidal turbine prototype, developed by HydroQuest, was tested off the northern coast of Brittany, France, from 2019 to 2021. In the prospect of the next turbine generations, the company wants to improve its experimental and numerical design tools to gain confidence in its capacity to predict the full-scale performance and loads from the experiments at reduced-scale. That can only be done by comparing the results obtained at sea to those obtained in the laboratories to assess the potential scale effects. Therefore, we first analyse the measurements at sea to characterise the behaviour of the prototype. Then, we study the response of a 1/20 scale model of that prototype tested in the Ifremer wave and current flume tank in Boulogne-sur-mer, France. We consider many flow conditions, increasing the complexity from idealised towards more realistic conditions. Beyond the comparison between reduced- and full-scale results, the analyses presented in that thesis also aim at better understanding the influence of each of the tidal current flow characteristics on the ducted turbine. In more details, from power performance, loads and wake measurements, we study the effects of the incident flow shear, of the relative flow direction, of the turbulence generated by bathymetry obstacles and of surface waves on the model response. The results show that the average power performance is rather insensitive to the incident flow conditions whereas the power and load fluctuations can be strongly affected. Finally, we discuss the scale effects on the results by comparing the power performance, the loads and the wake results in the tank with those obtained on the prototype at sea. The results allow to refine the evaluation of the correction needed at reduced-scale to predict the power performance at full-scale, mainly due to Reynolds number difference. Even if the loads and the wake results seem less affected by the viscous effects, a detailed comparison with the full-scale results would require improvements on the measurements at sea to better quantify the potential scale effects. Those improvements may be implemented in the coming years with the launch of the next generation of twin vertical axis tidal turbines
Mycek, Paul. "Étude numérique et expérimentale du comportement d'hydroliennes". Phd thesis, Université du Havre, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00925229.
Fakhri, Eyman. "Contribution à l'optimisation de l'architecture de parcs d'hydroliennes". Thesis, Normandie, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NORMC224.
Renewable Energies (MREs) can contribute significantly to the energy mix. MREs can be produced from different sources, among them tidal energy – the focus of this work – has aroused major interest from industrialists and decision-makers.In this thesis, a decision support tool for the optimization of the architecture of tidal farms is developed. The optimization tool, named OPTIFARM, takes into account the hydrodynamics of the site, the investment and maintenance costs, the loss of production caused by the wake effect and the energy loss in the electrical network. The tool allows determining the optimal number and positions of tidal turbines and offshore substations in the farm as well as the optimal AC electrical connection topology of the tidal farm network. The optimization tool relies on a genetic and a particle swarm optimization algorithms. OPTIFARM is applied to two French tidal energy sites: the Alderney Race located between the Alderney Island and Cap de la Hague, and the Fromveur Strait located in the sea of Iroise. Those sites represent respectively the first and the second greatest tidal potential in France. The results show that the energy production cost considerably differs from one site to another and it strongly depends on the size of the farm