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1
Chen, Haocheng. "Neglected Agents and the Cultural Nexus of Power within Protestant Churches and Associated Institutions in the Latter Half of the Twentieth Century in Hong Kong". Religions 15, n. 4 (11 aprile 2024): 473. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel15040473.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
In the latter half of the twentieth century, Protestant churches in Hong Kong and institutions associated with them played a significant role in the daily lives of the people of Hong Kong. However, the role of ordinary people in the social functions of Protestant churches in Hong Kong during this period has rarely been explored in the previous literature. Interpreting several cases from written archives and oral history archives, this study aims to demonstrate how Protestant churches in Hong Kong held special significance as a public place for the ordinary people of the local community, who played an active role in these churches to serve the local community and derived self-satisfaction from doing so. This study also reveals how these local Protestant churches and the associated institutions emerged as a cultural nexus of power along with individuals who contributed to them to provide different types of welfare and social services to the community, which the colonial government in Hong Kong failed to provide.
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Xiong, Weiyan, e Ka Ho Mok. "Sustainability Practices of Higher Education Institutions in Hong Kong: A Case Study of a Sustainable Campus Consortium". Sustainability 12, n. 2 (7 gennaio 2020): 452. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12020452.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Eight University Grant Committee (UGC)-funded public universities in Hong Kong positively and successfully responded to the global call for sustainability efforts in higher education institutions (HEIs). Various initiatives are transpiring within these eight campuses. The Hong Kong Sustainable Campus Consortium (HKSCC) was co-established by eight UGC-funded universities, which is an excellent example of integrating resources and efforts to achieve sustainable development goals and exert positive social impacts. Through interviews with HKSCC administrators and members and reviewing relevant documents, this study aims to examine the roles and challenges of HKSCC toward Hong Kong HEIs’ sustainability efforts, and present the good practices and achievements of HKSCC. Findings of this study reveal that although HKSCC and each UGC-funded university contribute in reaching the sustainability goals, they should pay considerable attention to the external impact of sustainability practices on communities and society. Moreover, we propose that the sustainable development of public universities in Hong Kong should look beyond the narrowed definition of sustainable development and broaden their roles to exert a social impact by addressing the negative consequences of the massification, privatization, and internationalization of higher education.
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T.Y. Chen, Theodore. "Is Hong Kong ready for accounting education reform: an analysis of tri-partite views". Accounting Research Journal 27, n. 3 (28 ottobre 2014): 249–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/arj-11-2013-0078.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Purpose – The purpose of this study is to determine whether Hong Kong is ready for accounting education reform. Design/methodology/approach – The approach for this study is using a Likert-scale questionnaire for the academic institutions, the Hong Kong Institute of Certified Public Accountants and the big four accounting firms, followed by detailed follow-up interviews with each. Findings – There is general agreement among accounting academics and the profession that the Accounting Education Change Commission initiatives should be adopted in Hong Kong. Hong Kong accounting academics in public institutions do not oppose to a balance between teaching and research, but would oppose to an emphasis of teaching over research. This is important as an overemphasis on research could mean less time for teaching and curriculum development. The big four accounting firms are either happy with the way Hong Kong universities have been educating the accounting graduates or have no complaints against them. This is also important as an urge for accounting education reform usually comes from the practitioners as in the USA. Originality/value – The USA was the first country that saw the need for accounting education reform as accounting practitioners felt that curriculum and pedagogical considerations placed heavy emphasis on the technical aspects of accounting at the expense of a general, broad-based education. Similar needs for change were also found in the UK and Australia. As Hong Kong is one of the world’s major financial centres with a large securities exchange, there is a great deal of emphasis on accounting standards, financial reporting, corporate governance, etc., and hence the importance of accounting education. Is Hong Kong ready for the change?
4
Siu‐Kai, Lau. "Democratization and decline of trust in public institutions in Hong Kong". Democratization 3, n. 2 (giugno 1996): 158–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13510349608403471.
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Tang, Denise T.-S. "Youth work in a changing society: A case study of Hong Kong youth service providers". Qualitative Social Work 17, n. 5 (4 gennaio 2017): 659–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1473325016680283.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Hong Kong has recently witnessed heightened public awareness of the issues of rights, civil society and citizenship. Contested relations with the Beijing government and slower economic growth in mainland China have seen more Hong Kong citizens become involved in civic engagement and identity politics. Youth service providers thus find themselves forced to respond to a rapidly changing society and changing youth needs while being situated in institutions with their own structural constraints and work culture. The result is that occupational stress is increasingly common amongst Hong Kong secondary school teachers and social workers. This paper presents the findings of a qualitative ethnographic study involving 16 in-depth interviews with community leaders, teachers and school-based social workers. How does a changing society affect youth work in general? How does greater discussion of democracy and human rights in the public sphere affect the way that youth service providers perform youth work? What are the changing roles and responsibilities of these providers in offering support to Hong Kong youth? The research themes that emerged include changing demographics and youth scene, a democratising public sphere in relation to Chinese youth and professionalism as a youth service provider.
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Manion, Melanie. "Government Capacity and the Hong Kong Civil Service. By John P. Burns. [Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 2004. xvi+468 pp. ISBN 0-19-590597-0.]". China Quarterly 182 (giugno 2005): 453–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305741005350260.
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John Burns has written an exhaustively researched and highly important book for scholars with a particular interest in Chinese politics and, more broadly, for the fields of comparative politics and public management. Burns examines the contributions of the civil service to government capacity in Hong Kong. His focus is the crucial post-1997 period, which presents him with a number of interesting analytical issues. First, post-1997 Hong Kong continues to lack the political institutions linking citizen preferences to government policy outcomes. In this context, the civil service takes on enormous political importance: it identifies and proposes solutions to community problems, roles that would be performed by politicians and political parties in a liberal democracy. Secondly, although post-1997 Hong Kong has significant autonomy, it is a local government, essentially subject to the rule of Communist leaders in Beijing. This raises interesting problems of relations between centre and locality. Finally, and not least of all, the Hong Kong economy suffered a significant decline in the late 1990s. This challenged the performancebased legitimacy of the government and placed new pressures on it to reform the civil service to strengthen government capacity. Evaluation of these reforms is an important contribution of this volume.Burns examines the civil service from a public management perspective, both describing policies and analysing actual practices, the latter with the use of interviews, surveys and case studies. In the 1980s and 1990s, Hong Kong government capacity was high. Economic growth was rapid, unemployment was low, and public support for the government was strong, based on apparently successful performance.
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DONALD, David C., e Paul W. H. CHEUK. "Hong Kong’s Public Enforcement Model of Investor Protection". Asian Journal of Law and Society 4, n. 2 (10 luglio 2017): 349–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/als.2017.9.
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AbstractThe market of a successful financial centre must be efficient, orderly, and fair, which requires that investor protection rules be enforced effectively. While a substantial literature exists promoting privately driven enforcement of investor protection rules, there is a growing consensus that enforcement action by public bodies is likely to be more important for most markets than privately initiated litigation. Hong Kong exemplifies this point. In Hong Kong, public authorities carry almost the entire burden of enforcing corporate and securities laws. Yet Hong Kong functions at a high level of quality globally despite operating a market in which most companies are foreign-incorporated—often originating from jurisdictions with reputations for governance that are middling at best—and trading takes place in multiple currencies. To revisit the debate on the determinants of effective corporate and securities law enforcement, this paper evaluates the enforcement of investor protection laws in Hong Kong. The paper first examines the institutional context, presenting key corporate and securities regulation and explaining avenues for private and public actions. It looks at the powers and competencies of the relevant supervisory authorities, including the stock exchange, which has a quasi-public role in regulating the market. Then, using publicly available data supplemented through interviews with agency staff, the paper presents Hong Kong’s enforcement “inputs” (funding and staffing) and “outputs” (actions and sanctions) for the main public enforcers. We find evidence that the Hong Kong public enforcement model effectively disciplines even its dangerous environment of foreign companies, controlling shareholders, and complex, international groups, and might be able better to do so exactly because of a focus on public, rather than private, enforcement.
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Lee, Michael H. "A Tale of Two Cities: Comparing Higher Education Policies and Reforms in Hong Kong and Singapore". Australian Journal of Education 46, n. 3 (novembre 2002): 255–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000494410204600303.
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In Hong Kong and Singapore, the latest higher education policy changes and reforms have emphasised quality assurance, managerial efficiency, cost-effectiveness, market relevance and public accountability. The rise of a more utilitarian, pragmatic and market-oriented perspective in relation to public service institutions, including higher education institutions, has secured the dominance of corporate managerialism, economic rationalism, and academic capitalism in the development of higher education in the two city-states, as in other developed or developing economies. In the process of reform, there have been major changes in the relationships between the governments and the universities, including matters of finance, provision and regulation. Though the two higher education systems have been affected by similar market forces and public sector reforms, certain policy changes and reforms have differed significantly between Hong Kong and Singapore. This article compares and evaluates the reform policies adopted by the two governments and examines the impact of those policies and reform initiatives on universities and the academic profession.
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ABE, KAORI. "Middlemen, Colonial Officials, and Corruption: The rise and fall of government compradors in Hong Kong, 1840s–1850s". Modern Asian Studies 52, n. 5 (4 giugno 2018): 1774–805. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x16000573.
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AbstractExploring the rise and fall of government compradors, this article highlights Sino-British collusion in the corruption and extortion cases of the Hong Kong colonial government in the 1840s and the 1850s. A number of compradors worked for the Hong Kong colonial government throughout the nineteenth century, acting as a key communication channel between Chinese residents and colonial officials in the formative years of the colony. Various institutions of the colonial government, for instance the Colonial Treasury, Post Office, and British military, employed compradors. Colonial officials also personally employed compradors, who supported their principals’ work in the government. However, a symbiotic relationship between corrupt colonial officials and compradors had become a public problem by the mid-1850s. The colonial government responded to this by diversifying its Chinese staff rather than depending on monopolistic compradors, and also launched a scheme to nurture and employ British personnel who could act as intermediaries between the British and Chinese communities. At the same time, different kinds of Chinese intermediary elites emerged in Hong Kong from the 1860s onwards, and government compradors’ monopolistic authority in mediating between colonial officials and the Chinese public gradually declined. The volatile government comprador system highlights a key phase in the history of the evolution of the comprador system in Hong Kong.
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Hung, Chung Fun Steven. "Is party factionalism harmful or beneficial to party development". Asian Education and Development Studies 9, n. 1 (14 novembre 2019): 91–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aeds-08-2018-0140.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to assess the intra-party conflicts in Hong Kong’s Democratic Party (DP) and their implications for broader democratic processes in the territory. It also examines some other thematic issues including: the party’s policy decision-making process, candidate selection, party membership and mergers, and their overall relevance for democratisation in Hong Kong. Design/methodology/approach The study gives a historical review of intra-party conflicts. The concept of factionalism is applied to better understand the DP in Hong Kong’s political space. Findings Hong Kong is unique and popular models of party conflicts are hardly applicable to the country. Intra-party conflict is an obvious, expected conflict because of differences in formation, leadership, manifestoes and ideologies. The present author tries to examine the case with a view to making a novel contribution. Originality/value The study of political factionalism is not uncommon in Hong Kong but this paper intends to study intra-party elite conflicts and self-democratisation of the Hong Kong DP as a case study which is seldom addressed. Consolidation is a possible scenario and its presence is evident when political elites increasingly demonstrate commitment towards creating a democratic regime and when they hold strong beliefs in democratic procedures and institutions as crucial to governing public life.
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Indrady, Andry. "HONG KONG SAR IMMIGRATION IN THE DYNAMICS OF POLITICS, POLICY AND INSTITUTION". Jurnal Ilmiah Kajian Keimigrasian 1, n. 2 (24 novembre 2018): 69–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.52617/jikk.v1i2.22.
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The Bureaucratic System of the Immigration Department of Hong Kong SAR is one of the legacies from British Colonial Government seen from legal and also immigration bureaucratic perspectives reflect the executive power domination over immigration policymaking. This is understandable since Hong Kong SAR adopts “Administrative State Model” which means Immigration Officer as a bureaucrat holds significant roles at both stages of policymaking and also its implementation. This research looks at transition period of the Immigration Department and its policies since the period of handover of Hong Kong SAR from the British Government to the Government of China especially throughout the concern from the public including academics about the future of immigration policies made by the Department that arguably from colonial to current being used as political and control tools to safeguard the interest of the Ruler. This situation ultimately will question the existence of Hong Kong SAR as one of the International Hub in the Era of Millennium.
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An, Yi, Howard Davey, Harun Harun, Zebin Jin, Xin Qiao e Qun Yu. "Online sustainability reporting at universities: the case of Hong Kong". Sustainability Accounting, Management and Policy Journal 11, n. 5 (19 giugno 2019): 887–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sampj-06-2018-0161.
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Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine the current state of online sustainability reporting in the Hong Kong higher education sector from a variety of perspectives. Design/methodology/approach The multiple case study was the research method for this research. Content analysis of the university website, as well as interview with university management, personnel in the sustainability office, academics and students, were adopted for data collection. An assessment framework for sustainability reporting was developed as an instrument for content analysis, based on G4 guidelines and prior literature. Findings The authors observe that most Hong Kong public universities have a specific webpage for sustainability reporting on the website, which consists of an amount of sustainability-related information in terms of general aspects, specific aspects and stakeholder participation. Moreover, they notice that Hong Kong public universities attach importance to sustainability and its reporting, and they would like to communicate their sustainability activities to various stakeholders and the community where they operate. Practical implications This paper indicates some practical implications for academics, university management, policymakers and sustainability education amongst universities in Hong Kong and beyond. Social implications This paper argues that universities, as a central place to foster talents and future leaders, should operate in a sustainable manner at the first place and then report their sustainability-related activities taking full advantage of the current information and communication technologies, so as to discharge accountability to various stakeholders and meet the expectations of the community where they operate. Originality/value This paper uses a multiple case study approach to explore the status of online sustainability reporting at Hong Kong universities, which contributes to limited research in the area, particularly for online sustainability reporting in the higher education institutions, and makes some contributions to the extant literature.
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Lee, Joanna Wai Ying, e Wing-Shing Tang. "The hegemony of the real estate industry: Redevelopment of ‘Government/Institution or Community’ (G/IC) land in Hong Kong". Urban Studies 54, n. 15 (6 dicembre 2016): 3403–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098016679607.
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The high property price syndrome in Hong Kong has led to heightened concern about the role of landed capital in property development. Recently, the hegemony of the real estate industry has become a buzzword in local literature, but unfortunately there is neither adequate theoretical articulation nor informed understanding of the concept of hegemony. There is widespread misunderstanding of hegemony, equating it to domination by property tycoons. The local literature has overlooked the government-business collusion in constructing the common sense of society so as to dominate others. Through an empirical investigation of the redevelopment of ‘Government/Institution or Community’ (G/IC) land in Hong Kong, this article attempts to offer an alternative explanation to the land question of G/IC redevelopment by highlighting that the everyday life of the silent majority and of professionals has in fact perpetuated the hegemony of the real estate industry in Hong Kong. It is argued that the government, property developers, professionals, charitable organisations and the general public have altogether participated, in different ways and to different extents, in the capital accumulation projects of leading developer conglomerates in Hong Kong. A land (re)development regime has thus contributed to the property boom in Hong Kong.
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Kam, Wing-hin. "Navigating Christian and Chaozhou identities: the life and career of Lin Zifeng (1892-1971)". Social Transformations in Chinese Societies 13, n. 1 (2 maggio 2017): 71–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/stics-09-2016-0015.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Purpose This paper aims to analyse how both Lin’s birthplace identity and his Christian identity contributed to his fruitful public career and to ascertain which identity became the most significant. Design/methodology/approach Archival research is the main method used in this paper. The most important archives drawn from are the Daniel Tse Collection in the Special Collection and Archives of the Hong Kong Baptist University Library. Oral history has also been used in this paper to uncover more material that has not yet been discussed in existing scholarly works. Findings This paper argues that although Lin’s birthplace identity and social networks helped him to start his business career in Nam Pak Hong and develop into a leader in the local Chaozhou communities, these factors were insufficient to his becoming a respectable member of the Chinese elite in post-war Hong Kong. He became well known not because of his leading position in local Chaozhou communities or any great achievement he had obtained in business but because of his contribution to the development of Christian education. These achievements earned him a reputation as a “Christian educator”. Thus Lin’s Christian identity became more important than his birthplace identity in contributing to his successful public career. Originality/value This paper has value in showing how Christian influences interacted with various cultural factors in early Hong Kong. It also offers insights into Lin’s life and motivations as well as the history of the institutions he contributed to/founded. It not only furthers our understanding of the Chinese Christian business elite in early Hong Kong but also provides us with insights when further studying this group of people in other British colonies in Asia.
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Osei-Kyei, Robert, e Albert P. C. Chan. "Public sector’s perspective on implementing public – private partnership (PPP) policy in Ghana and Hong Kong". Journal of Facilities Management 16, n. 2 (8 maggio 2018): 175–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfm-06-2017-0026.
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Purpose The public sector plays a critical role in the successful implementation of public–private partnership (PPP) projects. Thus, there is a need to holistically explore the public sector’s view on the implementation practices of PPP. This paper aims to explore and compare the public sector’s views on PPP practices in Ghana and Hong Kong. Design/methodology/approach Semi-structured interviews were conducted with PPP practitioners of senior authority in public institutions in both Ghana and Hong Kong. The interviews covered critical issues of PPP implementation practices such as motivations for engaging in PPP, success criteria/indicators, critical success factors (CSFs), external stakeholder management and training and education in PPPs. Findings The findings show that quick delivery of public projects and private sector efficiency are the reasons considered by both groups of interviewees. On the success criteria, interviewees from both jurisdictions mentioned user satisfaction, budget, time and quality. The CSFs mentioned by both groups include capacity building and training, project viability, proper planning and good feasibility studies. Sensitization programs, including open forums and community meetings, were mentioned by both groups as measures for managing external stakeholders. On the training and education, both groups mentioned international study tours and organizing courses and seminars. Originality/value The outputs of this study offer strategies that are very useful to international private developers who are interested in PPP practices in Africa and Asia. Further, the findings contribute to the knowledge on the international best practices for PPP.
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Chou, Bill. "Local Autonomy in Action: Beijing's Hong Kong and Macau Policies". Journal of Current Chinese Affairs 42, n. 3 (settembre 2013): 29–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/186810261304200303.
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This paper investigates how Beijing governs its two special administrative regions (SARs) of Hong Kong and Macau through leverages on their local autonomy. First, a conceptual analysis of local autonomy will be provided. Local autonomy is more than a zero-sum game between the central and local authorities over how much power should be granted or taken from the local authorities; it also concerns the space for cultural expression and the use of local customs in public administration. Second, the degree of local autonomy in Hong Kong and Macau will be critically examined. On paper, both SAR governments are able to freely make decisions on a wide range of policies. In practice, however, Beijing has the absolute authority to override the decisions of Hong Kong and Macau. It is argued that the autonomy in cultural expression can compensate for the institutional constraints on the two SARs’ decision-making power and is thus able to alleviate public discontent – as long as the constraints do not conflict with the people's core values and ways of life.
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Ju, Chuanjing, e Steve Rowlinson. "The evolution of safety legislation in Hong Kong: Actors, structures and institutions". Safety Science 124 (aprile 2020): 104606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2020.104606.
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Ho, John Kong Shan. "Revisiting the viability to allow dual-class share structure companies to list in the financial market of Hong Kong". Common Law World Review 47, n. 3 (settembre 2018): 167–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1473779518791769.
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The request of Alibaba, China’s largest e-commerce company, to allow a self-selected group of its past and present management known as the ‘partners’ the right to nominate a majority of the directors in its negotiation with the Hong Kong Stock Exchange (HKEx) for an initial public offering (IPO) in 2013 reignited a new round of debate over the one share, one vote policy, which has survived for three decades in Hong Kong. Alibaba’s IPO application to list on the HKEx was eventually rejected which ultimately led to the company’s decision to list on the New York Stock Exchange. In late 2017, the debate on whether companies with dual-class share (DCS) structure should be allowed to list in Hong Kong re-emerged as the HKEx has announced that it would amend its listing rules to enable companies with DCS structure to list on its exchange, subject to certain safeguards and restrictions. This article examines what measures Hong Kong could adopt to allow companies with DCS structure to list on its exchange despite legal and institutional shortcomings of its financial market. In doing so, it will also make reference to other major financial markets in the world and examine how other jurisdictions have handled the issue of DCS structure companies.
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Wong, Chack Kie. "Squaring the Welfare Circle in Hong Kong: Lessons for Governance in Social Policy". Asian Survey 48, n. 2 (marzo 2008): 323–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/as.2008.48.2.323.
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Abstract This article examines how the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region government squares the welfare circle. Because of the constrained institutional pathway of the established welfare system, the government is not successful in either reducing public expenditures or raising taxes. The article argues that it is important to look into the role of institutional design in the management of public expectations.
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Sewpersadh, Prenisha, e John Cantius Mubangizi. "Using the Law to Combat Public Procurement Corruption in South Africa: Lessons from Hong Kong". Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal/Potchefstroomse Elektroniese Regsblad 20 (30 maggio 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/1727-3781/2017/v20i0a1359.
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Since South Africa’s political transition in 1994, corruption has been a major feature of the country’s politics. However, the complexity of post-apartheid South African politics has sometimes prevented allegations and suspicions of corruption from being adequately dealt with by the law. This article examines the legal framework used to combat public procurement corruption in South Africa. Using a comparative approach, the article also examines the legal framework of Hong Kong – with a view to identifying lessons that South Africa can learn therefrom. Such lessons include but are not limited to Hong Kong’s specific laws dedicated to public procurement, its particular legislative and institutional features, its commendable constitutional commitment to eradicating corruption, and the fact that Hong Kong’s rules pertaining to procurement processes are more consistent and are not hidden in several legislative prescripts. South Africa may also do well to learn from the successes of Hong Kong’s iconic anti-corruption agency, the Independent Commission against Corruption (ICAC) – in attempting to model its own anti-corruption agency.
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Wong, Chack-kie, Kenneth Kin-lam Chau e Timothy Ka-ying Wong. "Neither Welfare State nor Welfare Society: The Case of Hong Kong". Social Policy and Society 1, n. 4 (12 settembre 2002): 293–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474746402004037.
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This article points to the simple fact that modern welfare systems are neither welfare states nor are they welfare societies. In reality, they are a combination of both. The current interpretation of the supposed dichotomy of these two institutions has inhibited our understanding of reality. Consequently, this has obscured the complicated ways in which the state and the society have worked together to harmonize the needs for social protection and active citizenship. In the present article, the example of a Chinese welfare system has been used to illustrate that even a welfare system usually not regarded as a welfare state can develop strong universal welfare state programmes. In order to demonstrate the significance of this situation, findings related to public attitudes have been cited to reflect the support of both policy assumptions underlying social protection and active citizenship in the welfare system that is under review.
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CHAN, FUNG, e BIYANG SUN. "Digital Representation in an Electoral Campaign Influenced by Mainland China: The 2017 Hong Kong Chief Executive Election". Issues & Studies 55, n. 02 (giugno 2019): 1950005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s101325111950005x.
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Widely known by the public, the Chief Executive of Hong Kong is selected not by universal suffrage but by a 1,200-member Election Committee (EC). While candidates Carrie Lam, John Tsang, and Kwok-hing Woo all ran in the Chief Executive Election of 2017, only Lam received the blessing of authorities in the Mainland. Though Tsang had led the polls throughout the entire campaign and was popular on several social media platforms, a majority of EC members still cast their vote for Lam as Chief Executive. This was the first time that EC members voted against popular opinion in the Chief Executive Election. This paper analyzes the limited power of social media under elections that are under the influence of Mainland China. It also examines the problem of legitimacy in such electoral settings and the way in which authorities in the Mainland have influenced electoral outcomes through defects in the institutional systems of Hong Kong. The 2017 Chief Executive Election affirmed the tightened control of Mainland authorities over the affairs of Hong Kong.
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Steuer, Benjamin. "HONG KONG’S CIRCULAR ECONOMY ON PLASTICS: ARE THE ECONOMICS FAILING?" Volume 27 - June 2024, n. 27 (17 giugno 2024): 37–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.31025/2611-4135/2024.18387.
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In the Special Administrative Region Hong Kong, municipal solid waste has grown substantially over the past two decades with plastic waste accounting for an increasingly large proportion. In response, the Hong Kong government trialled several schemes that centred on economic mechanisms and the circular economic principles of recycling and reduction to manage plastic bags and plastic beverage containers. As the results of these measures have been met with strong criticism, the present paper assesses the extent to which therein applied economic mechanisms realised a circular management of these streams. To explore this question, the paper relies on quantitative and qualitative field research combined with an analysis of a specifically designed public opinion survey. The findings indicate that price setting is a key element towards circularity for waste plastics in Hong Kong, yet it is not the sole determinant. Using an evolutionary institutional framework the paper shows that besides economics the incorporation of consumers’ and recycling stakeholders’ interests are key for effective regulations towards a circular economy on plastics in the city.
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Ma, Ngok. "Parties without Power". Communist and Post-Communist Studies 53, n. 4 (1 dicembre 2020): 118–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/j.postcomstud.2020.53.4.118.
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This article reviews how Beijing’s design of a liberal autocracy constrains party development in Hong Kong. It shows how the governing philosophy and the institutional design and mechanics of the electoral system disallow a strong governing party and suppress political participation. This situation brings about a weakened state capacity and a fragmented ruling coalition with elites working on contrasting incentives. It also leads to legislative fragmentation and declining public confidence in legislative and party politics. Unable to contain political participation, radical street actions arose to challenge the government. The 2019 Anti-Extradition Movement best exemplifies the weakness of the ruling coalition and the radicalization of street politics posing major challenges to the governance of Hong Kong.
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LEUNG, ANGELA KI CHE. "Glocalizing Medicine in the Canton–Hong Kong–Macau Region in Late Qing China". Modern Asian Studies 54, n. 4 (10 dicembre 2019): 1345–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x18000513.
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AbstractThis article looks at how globalization in the nineteenth century was inextricably entangled with localization in the Canton–Hong Kong–Macau nexus on the southern fringe of China by tracing the growth of its unique medical culture. It explains the ‘glocalizing’ process by tracing the development of this medical culture, which consists of knowledge construction and institution building, in the context of highly volatile epidemiological conditions aggravated by increasingly heavy inter-regional trade and migration. It traces the dynamic circulation of people, materials, ideas, and practices in this southern edge of China, which was traditionally connected to southeast Asia and shared ecological backdrops that produced similar epidemiological experiences. The Canton nexus in the nineteenth century saw the growth of native medical knowledge that focused less on theoretical innovation than on the efficacy of therapeutic strategies. These ideas were likely to have been informed or reinforced by new anatomical knowledge disseminated by Western medical missionaries on the ground early in the century. The medical culture in the region was also marked by the formation of a series of local institutions that were fusions of Western-style hospitals and native merchant-run charity halls where diseases were studied and treated, and new public health management negotiated and implemented by experts from different traditions.
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Wong, Stan Hok-Wui. "Political Connections and Firm Performance: The Case of Hong Kong". Journal of East Asian Studies 10, n. 2 (agosto 2010): 275–314. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1598240800003465.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Business interests are overrepresented in Hong Kong's nominally democratic political institutions. Many in Hong Kong perceive this as evidence of the existence of “collusion between government and business,” a phenomenon that has stirred public concerns in the city since its sovereignty transfer. Although anecdotal accounts abound, no systematic analysis has been conducted to evaluate the validity of this perception. In this article I use a rich firm-level dataset to offer the first systematic assessment of the effects of political connections on firm performance in Hong Kong. I define politically connected firms as firms that have stakeholders concurrently holding a seat on the Election Committee, a constitutional body that elects the city's chief executive. I found evidence, though not overwhelming, consistent with the “collusion” hypothesis: political connections do improve firm performance measured by return on equity and market-to-book ratio. The improvement is unlikely due to unobserved confounding factors such as firms' inherent ability. As for the origin of the political connections, the data show that a firm's economic power has little predictive value of its connections to the Election Committee. Rather, number of employees matters; firms that hire fewer workers were more likely to gain a seat on the 1997 Election Committee. This result may suggest that Beijing plays a more dominant role in the formation of political connections—that serve Beijing's co-optation needs rather than the interests of powerful firms that may have a desire to “capture” the state.
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TSE, RAYMOND Y. C. "THE IMPLEMENTATION OF EMS IN CONSTRUCTION FIRMS: CASE STUDY IN HONG KONG". Journal of Environmental Assessment Policy and Management 03, n. 02 (giugno 2001): 177–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1464333201000637.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
It has been increasingly recognised that construction activity imposes external costs to the environment. This paper aims to review the benefits and major problems in the implementation of ISO 14000 EMS in the Hong Kong construction industry. This study surveyed major construction firms in Hong Kong to uncover the hindrance factors contributing to the low adoption of ISO 14000. Based on the findings, this paper identifies and ranks the perceived order which hinders the construction firms' adoption of ISO 14000. The case study in Hong Kong serves as a reference point for understanding the problems in the implementation of ISO 14000 in other countries. Specifically, this study found that the four major obstacles to ISO 14000 implementation are: lack of government pressure; lack of client requirement/supports; expensive implementation cost; and sub-contracting systems, which create difficulties in managing the EMS. Since the government is a very dominant client, the extent to which the Government wishes to restrict its choice of tenderer to those firms that have an environmental management system in place, will demonstrate its commitment to environmentally responsible operations. The public sector clients play a critical role in driving the construction industry to improve its operations through contractual requirements. Education of the end-users is also important to create market demand for environmentally friendly construction. To an extent, professional institutions and other industry bodies can help to instill a greater sense of accountability among industry participants by stipulating acceptable standards of behaviour and establishing a supportive regulatory framework.
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LAM, WAI FUNG. "Coordinating the Government Bureaucracy in Hong Kong: An Institutional Analysis". Governance 18, n. 4 (ottobre 2005): 633–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0491.2005.00295.x.
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YEP, RAY. "‘Cultural Revolution in Hong Kong’: Emergency Powers, Administration of Justice and the Turbulent Year of 1967". Modern Asian Studies 46, n. 4 (13 giugno 2011): 1007–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x11000369.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
AbstractThe rule of law has always been cherished as one of the key institutions central to the successful transformation of Hong Kong from ‘a barren rock’ into a global city. The colonial administration's respect for the principles of the rule of law, however, has been tested by sporadic political turbulence during the 150 years of British rule. Due process of law and other key principles of English laws have been compromised by political expediency when the colonizers felt threatened by challenges from various sources. The 1967 Riots was one of those difficult times. Despite the facade of public support for firmness against disturbances enjoyed by the colonial government, the exercise of some of these emergency powers, particularly the powers to detain and deport, remained highly controversial. With normalization of the Anglo-Chinese relationship in mind, the confrontation prisoners constituted a stumbling block for renewing the friendship with Beijing. The various attempts made by London at pressurizing the Hong Kong government for early release of these prisoners attest to the prevalence of political expediency over the respect for the rule of law under colonial rule.
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Hsieh, Ming Li. "A Case Study: Lessons from the Hong Kong Independent Commission Against Corruption". International Journal of Criminology and Sociology 6 (23 febbraio 2016): 5–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1929-4409.2017.06.02.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This article is a case study that examines the three-pronged approach (TPA) of the Independent Commission against Corruption (ICAC) in Hong Kong. Its functions and operations on anti-corruption matters will be assessed from an institution-oriented perspective. It is suggested that for decades, the TPA had been misunderstood in its role as a conventional investigation, prevention and education tool and that such misconceptions may lead to a failure in anti-corruption institutional reform. By better understanding the TPA and its simplistic traits of deterrence and trust then we may be able to remedy the misconceptions the public has about ICAC’s strategies. Policy implications involve further improvements in anti-corruption agencies that will enhance their role in maintaining an environment free of corruption.
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Cheung, Anthony B. L. "Hong Kong's Post-1997 Institutional Crisis: Problems of Governance and Institutional Incompatibility". Journal of East Asian Studies 5, n. 1 (aprile 2005): 135–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1598240800006287.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The protest by over half a million people on July 1, 2003, unleashed the most serious crisis of governance in Hong Kong since its retrocession to China in 1997. Triggered by the government's attempt to legislate new national security legislation, it exposed more fundamental institutional defects of an increasingly weakened government. This article puts forward two arguments. First, the political logic of the pre-1997 period was not compatible with the post-1997 political environment and public sentiment, resulting in a widening cognitive gap between government and people. Second, the former colonial administration, despite its non-democratic nature, was able to secure sufficient public acquiescence and acceptance through economic performance and service delivery. The new government was constrained by both economic and fiscal difficulties and unexpected social crises. A declining capacity to perform effectively had further eroded public support. Attempted reforms of the bureaucracy and the introduction of a new ministerial system had caused greater political-administrative disjunction and actually compounded the crisis of governance.
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Lok, Kris YW, Rachel WT Ko, Heidi SL Fan, PH Chau, Janet YH Wong, MP Wang e Vicky Tsang. "Feasibility and Acceptability of an Online WhatsApp Support Group on Breastfeeding: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial". JMIR Research Protocols 11, n. 3 (9 marzo 2022): e32338. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/32338.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Background Mobile health, the use of mobile technology in delivering health care, has been found to be effective in changing health behaviors, including improving breastfeeding practices in postpartum women. With the widespread use of smartphones and instant messaging apps in Hong Kong, instant messaging groups could be a useful channel for delivering breastfeeding peer support. Objective The aim of this paper is to study the feasibility and acceptability of an online instant messaging peer support group by trained peer counselors on improving breastfeeding outcome in primiparous women in Hong Kong. Methods A two-arm, assessor-blind, randomized controlled feasibility study will be conducted on 40 primiparous women with the intention to breastfeed. Participants are recruited from the antenatal obstetrics and gynecology clinic of a public hospital in Hong Kong and randomly assigned at a 1:1 ratio to either intervention or control group. The intervention group receives peer support in an online instant messaging group with trained peer counselors on top of standard care, whereas the control group receives standard care. Breastfeeding outcome will be assessed for 6 months post partum or until weaned. The breastfeeding status, the proportion and duration of exclusive and any breastfeeding in each group, and the self-efficacy and attitude of participants will be assessed. The feasibility and acceptability of the study would also be assessed in preparation for a full randomized controlled trial. Results This study (protocol version 1 dated January 5, 2021) has been reviewed and approved by the institutional review board of the University of Hong Kong, Hospital Authority Hong Kong West Cluster (reference UW 21-039), on January 26, 2021. Data collection is ongoing and expected to be completed in December 2021. The findings will be updated on clinical trial registry and disseminated in peer-reviewed journals. Conclusions This study aims to assess the feasibility and effectiveness of an online instant messaging peer support group in improving the breastfeeding outcome of primiparous women in Hong Kong. Its findings could inform the feasibility of a full-scale trial with this intervention design. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04826796; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04826796 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/32338
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Vigneron, Frank. "New frontier: Three painters from Shenzhen and their relation with the Hong Kong art market". Journal of Contemporary Painting 7, n. 1 (1 ottobre 2021): 177–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/jcp_00030_1.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Drawn towards Hong Kong because of what appears to be a thriving art market, many artists from the People’s Republic of China are now looking towards Shenzhen, the Special Economic Zone created nearby in the 1980s, for conducting their practices. Launched as an economic testing ground by Deng Xiaping, Shenzhen is now experiencing new and profound changes. The development of new art institutions has been the reason for the emergence of an art scene that is fostering the creation of original art practices, especially in the field of painting. This article takes as example three practitioners and explains the reasons why they have chosen to live there and how they are negotiating their position from this city within the local art ecology as well as the art market of Hong Kong. The first of these artists, Liang Quan (), has lived in Shenzhen since the 1990s and is a representative of contemporary forms of literati painting, while the other two, Zhou Li () and Xue Feng (), are more recent arrivals who are both abstract painters engaging sometimes in the creation of installations and public art projects. To better understand the position of these artists towards the demands of an art market, this article will also explain how the idea of commoditization, which was so repellent to the practitioners of institutional critique in the Euro-American context of the 1960s and 1970s, has not been experienced in Mainland China in quite the same way.
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Yeh, Chung-Yang, Hyunwook Cheng e Shih-Jiunn Shi. "Public–private pension mixes in East Asia: institutional diversity and policy implications for old-age security". Ageing and Society 40, n. 3 (25 settembre 2018): 604–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x18001137.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
AbstractPrevious studies of East Asian welfare regimes focus on similarities between social security schemes. In contrast, this paper explores cross-national variations in public–private pension mixes in six welfare states: China, Hong Kong, Japan, Singapore, South Korea and Taiwan. Our research echoes the pension policy analysis of international organisations but takes a step forward with emphasis on the historical and institutional characteristics of the respective pension systems. The analysis identifies three institutional patterns. First, the statist pension system (Taiwan and China) primarily relies on public pensions to provide old-age security, with private pensions playing a rather minor role. Second, in the dualist pension system (Japan and Korea) both public and private pensions work in parallel to ensure retirement income, though a clear security gap exists between workers in the formal and informal economies. Finally, the individualist pension system (Hong Kong and Singapore) is characterised by genuine fully funded individual accounts, emphasising citizens’ own responsibilities for ensuring old-age security. These three types of pension systems demonstrate distinct institutional characteristics and policy outcomes, illustrated by the juxtaposition of their institutional structures as well as by the comparison of key indicators collected from government reports and Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development statistics. The paper concludes with a theoretical reflection of East Asian pension policies and a diagnosis of the distinct challenges confronted by each of the various pension patterns.
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Tang, Shui-Yan, James L. Perry e Wai-Fung Lam. "The Politics of Structural Reform in Hong Kong: An Institutional Perspective". International Review of Administrative Sciences 60, n. 3 (settembre 1994): 447–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002085239406000306.
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Koon, Yeewan. "Where Are We Now? M+ and the Uncertain Future of Hong Kong". October, n. 180 (2022): 150–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/octo_a_00461.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Abstract Less than six months after the suppression of the riots and protests of 2019–20, Hong Kong passed its first National Security Law (NSL) prohibiting—according to particularly strict definitions—“treason,” “secession,” “sedition,” and “subversion” against the Chinese government. Although the new law was not unexpected, many observers were surprised at how rapidly it was enforced against protestors and “rioters.” The effects have been detectable in the art world as well, bringing fears of stricter control of artistic expression and questions about whether self-censorship constitutes a viable survival tactic or an unnecessary sabotaging of cultural progress. It was in this context that M+, Asia's first global museum of modern and contemporary art, opened its door to the public. How will an ambitious institution of international standing maintain its claim of independence? Taking M+ as the lens, this paper contextualizes the issues faced by Hong Kong's art community by mapping the entanglements of social expectations, ethical responsibilities, and (self) censorship practices that are shaping a post-2020 Hong Kong.
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Lai, Linda Chiu-han. "Algorithmic Art: Shuffling Space and Time". Transfers 9, n. 2 (1 giugno 2019): 112–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/trans.2019.090208.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Why are art-science dialogues important, and how should they take place? How do our everyday culture and institutional constructs define and delimit such possibilities? Why do contemporary art lovers still presume they are immune to and from scientific knowledge? How should a visitor of a media art event make sense of the machine work? Algorithmic Art: Shuffling Space & Time (AA) directed these questions to technical experts, artists, art lovers, and the public through a series of themed discussions and a six-hundred-square-meter indoor playground of machines and computational installations. AA also sought to key in on the question of survival. What mark has the struggling existence of the twenty-year-old School of Creative Media at the City University of Hong Kong left to Hong Kong’s (media) art history? The school remains the only pedagogic research center in Hong Kong where conceptual issues of new media art creation and how to “live” in an age of big data are interrogated through scholarship and practice.
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Min, Sungwook, Namwoon Kim e Carlos Lo. "CSR-enhancing factors for business vs public stakeholders: evidence from Hong Kong". Journal of Asia Business Studies 14, n. 3 (2 gennaio 2020): 399–419. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jabs-03-2018-0108.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Purpose The purpose of this study provides the enhancing factors of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and examines their differential effects on corporate social performances for business-stakeholder groups (i.e. investors, employees, suppliers and customers) and public-stakeholder groups (i.e. communities and the environment). Design/methodology/approach This study uses a differenced-equation model to test the differential effects of CSR-enhancing factors. The study tests the impact of each factor controlling the effects of the other CSR-enhancing factors in one multivariate analysis with survey data of 776 small and medium-sized enterprises from Hong Kong. Findings This study finds that firms give more CSR efforts for public stakeholders than for business stakeholders as firms’ financial resources, institutional conformity and their perceived regulatory pressure increase. On the other hand, firms provide more CSR efforts for business stakeholders than for public stakeholders when such efforts are based on their strategic motivation. Originality/value The main contribution of this study is to clarify diverse CSR-enhancing factors for different stakeholders, in particular, business vs public stakeholders, thus to help firms understand the effective ways to increase CSR actions for specific target stakeholder groups.
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Li, Ruijie, e Guangxiang Liu. "“記念錯過的DUET_T”: Negotiating translanguaging practices in the legitimate graffiti of a multilingual schoolscape in Hong Kong". Forum for Linguistic Studies 5, n. 3 (9 ottobre 2023): 1825. http://dx.doi.org/10.59400/fls.v5i3.1825.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Hong Kong’s higher education institutions, with their unique socio-political context and global reputation, have presented multiple and diverse schoolscapes where multilingual students can collectively construct a shared repertoire to perform their desired identities and create specific meanings. Recognizing the semi-public whiteboards on a Hong Kong University library wall as a genre of schoolscape, this paper aims to explore the intricate ways in which students negotiate their varied linguistic and semiotic resources to create and engage with multilingual graffiti that is deemed legitimate on these whiteboards. Drawing upon the concept of translanguaging (W. Li, 2011, 2018), we employed a sociolinguistic ethnographic design and collected 151 photographs of graffiti. Through a semiotic and ethnography-informed analysis of the linguistic landscape data, we argue that these graffiti signs encourage students to establish the schoolscape as a collaborative translanguaging space by enabling them to collectively participate in translingual and transmodal practices for fun. The graffiti signs also invite students to perform translanguaging practices to substantiate their sense of affiliation with the institution and its people in the translanguaging space where their affective experiences can be constructed and shared. The study concludes by advocating for further ethnographic investigations to enhance our understanding of translingual practices within multilingual schoolscape environments.
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Lee, Francis LF. "Social media, political information cycle, and the evolution of news: The 2017 Chief Executive election in Hong Kong". Communication and the Public 3, n. 1 (17 novembre 2017): 62–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2057047317742421.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Social media have become the main channel of news and public affairs information for the public. They have also become the platform on which new actors in public communication emerge. As the institutions of public communication are reconfigured, the way news flows and evolves also changes. This article draws upon and revises Chadwick’s conception of political information cycle and argues that news should be understood as circulating and evolving in the political information cycles embedded in an integrated media system. Within a political information cycle, various actors other than mainstream media outlets can serve as intermediaries and engage in agenda-steering and frame generation. The arguments are illustrated with a case study of the 2017 Chief Executive election in Hong Kong. An examination of the overall prominence of different types of actors in social media and analyses of a number of incidents during the election illustrate the multifarious ways the political information cycle can operate.
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Walker, Richard M., e Ling Hin Li. "Institutional Reform in the Provision of Public Services in Hong Kong: An Efficiency Evaluation". Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy 24, n. 4 (agosto 2006): 597–614. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/c52m.
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Chan, Karly O. W., Maggie K. W. Ng, Joseph C. H. So e Victor C. W. Chan. "Evaluation of generic competencies among secondary school leavers from the new academic structure for senior secondary education in Hong Kong". Public Administration and Policy 24, n. 2 (3 agosto 2021): 182–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/pap-07-2020-0033.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
PurposeA new academic structure for senior secondary and higher education was introduced to Hong Kong in 2009/2010. This paper aims to: (1) compare the cohort from the old academic structure (Cohort 2010) and the cohort from the new academic structure (Cohort 2015) on the 14 categories of generic competencies; and (2) compare these attributes among students from different divisions in a tertiary institution in Hong Kong.Design/methodology/approachSelf-Assessment of All-Round Development (SAARD) questionnaires were distributed to students who took the two-year sub-degree programmes offered by the College of Professional and Continuing Education, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University in 2010 and 2015 on a self-administered basis. A total of 4,424 students have returned the questionnaires. Data were analyzed with t-test to compare between the two cohorts.FindingsWhen comparing Cohort 2015 with Cohort 2010, significantly higher scores were observed on five areas such as global outlook and healthy lifestyle (p<0.05). Significantly lower scores were observed on the other five areas such as problem solving, critical thinking and leadership (p<0.05). Students from all divisions unanimously showed higher perceived rating on social and national responsibility but lower perceived rating on leadership (p<0.05).Originality/ValueThe elimination of one public examination, the newly included components such as Other Learning Experiences (OLE) and the compulsory Liberal Studies were believed to contribute partially to the diverse responses of the two cohorts. The dramatic change of the curriculum has not changed the examination culture in Hong Kong which may hinder the development of generic skills among students.
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Morin, Michel. "Dualisme, mixité et métissage juridique : Québec, Hong Kong, Macao, Afrique du Sud et Israël". Symposium: Mixed Jurisdictions 57, n. 4 (8 novembre 2012): 645–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1013027ar.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Pendant longtemps, le droit comparé s’est principalement intéressé à trois grandes familles ou traditions issues d’Europe, celles de droit civil, de common law ou des pays socialistes, même si ces regroupements dissimulaient d’innombrables divergences. Or, un droit d’origine romaniste (codifié ou non) peut survivre dans un État où prédomine la common law ; celui-ci est alors appelé un « pays de droit mixte ». Il en va ainsi des systèmes québécois et canadien, en raison de la dualité de leurs sources. Si la doctrine déplore traditionnellement le métissage du droit civil, elle admet aujourd’hui que, en dépit des emprunts aux institutions et des références aux décisions de common law, le droit privé québécois demeure fondamentalement civiliste. Il a préséance en cas de lacune dans une loi fédérale, sauf si le droit public entre en jeu. Les textes du présent numéro de la Revue de droit McGill abordent divers aspects des systèmes juridiques mixtes d’autres territoires, soit Hong Kong, Macao, l’Afrique du Sud et Israël. L’indépendance judiciaire à Hong Kong semble menacée par la culture juridique autoritaire de la République populaire de Chine, malgré l’absence de toute modification institutionnelle apparente. En Israël et en Afrique du Sud, les juristes acceptent bien la coexistence de traditions différentes — germanique, britannique, américaine, coutumière. Cette ouverture d’esprit devrait se poursuivre à l’avenir, au moins pour les questions nouvelles ou controversées.
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Papaskvili, G. Z., e O. Yu Kurnykin. "Features of the Political Process in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (1997-2021)". Izvestiya of Altai State University, n. 2(124) (6 giugno 2022): 50–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/izvasu(2022)2-07.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The article contains analysis of political transformations in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (SAR) in the 1997-2021 aiming to identify its political process’ features within the framework of «one country, two systems» model. A brief description of Hong Kong’s political life events in preceding decades is given, which reflects the key tendencies of Hong Kong’s socio-political development under the British colonial rule. It is stated that establishing of the new political order in the SAR by PRC, intended to form a more accountable administrative model, is realized using the traditional Chinese scheme, which implies establishing China’s unconditional dominance and control over the local administrations’ activity. According to this, institutional transformations were implemented resulting in recentralization of power in the hands of the SAR’s government, also administrative model was changed. The consequences of this shift were series of mass protest actions and reinforcement of political discord in public and government circles. The authors come to the conclusion about conflictive character of Hong Kong’s political process, periodically proceeding on the brink of stability disruption. Currently, prospects of its democratization appear to be unlikely.
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WAN, Eric Yuk Fai, Weng Yee Chin, Esther Yee Tak Yu, Julie Chen, Emily Tsui Yee Tse, Carlos King Ho Wong, Tony King Hang Ha, David Vai Kiong Chao, Wendy Wing Sze Tsui e Cindy Lo Kuen Lam. "Retrospective cohort study to investigate the 10-year trajectories of disease patterns in patients with hypertension and/or diabetes mellitus on subsequent cardiovascular outcomes and health service utilisation: a study protocol". BMJ Open 11, n. 2 (febbraio 2021): e038775. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-038775.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
IntroductionHypertension (HT) and diabetes mellitus (DM) and are major disease burdens in all healthcare systems. Given their high impact on morbidity, premature death and direct medical costs, we need to optimise effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of primary care for patients with HT/DM. This study aims to find out the association of trajectories in disease patterns and treatment of patients with HT/DM including multimorbidity and continuity of care with disease outcomes and service utilisation over 10 years in order to identify better approaches to delivering primary care services.Methods and analysisA 10-year retrospective cohort study on a population-based primary care cohort of Chinese patients with documented doctor-diagnosed HT and/or DM, managed in the Hong Kong Hospital Authority (HA) public primary care clinics from 1 January 2006 to 31 December 2019. Data will be extracted from the HA Clinical Management System to identify trajectory patterns of patients with HT/DM. Complications defined by ICPC-2/International Classification of Diseases-Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification diagnosis codes, all-cause mortality rates and public service utilisation rates are included as independent variables. Changes in clinical parameters will be investigated using a growth mixture modelling analysis with standard quadratic trajectories. Dependent variables including effects of multimorbidity, measured by (1) disease count and (2) Charlson’s Comorbidity Index, and continuity of care, measured by the Usual Provide Continuity Index, on patient outcomes and health service utilisation will be investigated. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression will be conducted to estimate the effect of multimorbidity and continuity of care after stratification of patients into groups according to respective definitions.Ethics and disseminationThis study was approved by the institutional review board of the University of Hong Kong—the HA Hong Kong West Cluster, reference no: UW 19–329. The study findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications and international conferences.Trial registration numberNCT04302974.
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Morales-Camargo, Emmanuel. "Restrictions on Allocation Discretion: Evidence from Clawbacks in Hong Kong IPOs". Quarterly Journal of Finance 03, n. 03n04 (settembre 2013): 1350018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010139213500183.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The presence of both restricted and unrestricted, US-style, bookbuilt initial public offer (IPOs) in Hong Kong provides an ideal environment to test numerous underpricing models by simultaneously measuring the effects of allocation restrictions on the investment bankers' price discovery, underwriting, and distribution functions. While clawbacks, a set of allocation restrictions favoring retail investors not participating in the roadshow result in diminished and more expensive price discovery, they also reduce the investment bankers' dependence on institutional investors to dispose off IPO shares, resulting in lower underpricing. This favors models that highlight the importance of the underwriting function on underpricing, and shows that allocation restrictions can impact more than just price discovery. In addition, this study shows that individual investors can partially offset the loss of roadshow information caused by clawbacks, countering the idea that investment banks are unable to extract any pricing information from investors outside their list of roadshow regulars.
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Lee, Yok-shiu F. "Tackling Cross-border Environmental Problems in Hong Kong: Initial Responses and Institutional Constraints". China Quarterly 172 (dicembre 2002): 986–1009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s000944390200058x.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
With rapid industrial and urban growth taking place across the border, there has been a marked increase in public concern in Hong Kong over cross-border environmental problems since the early 1990s. Despite this increased concern, however, very little systematic research has been conducted on the issue. This article addresses the question of how, and to what extent, the SAR government could work with various jurisdictions across the border to address cross-border environmental problems within the “one country, two systems” governance framework. It concludes on a pessimistic note by pointing out that current signs strongly suggest that the SAR government is even more pro-business than the colonial government. Coupled with China's fragmented environmental governance structure and a dominant pro-growth culture permeating the delta region, all indications point to an uphill and long drawn-out battle for environmental managers on both sides of the border to bring forth improvements in this fast-growing and continually deteriorating landscape.
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Ma, S. W. Y., C. S. W. Kueh, G. W. L. Chiu, S. R. Wild e J. Y. Yip. "Environmental management of coastal cooling water discharges in Hong Kong". Water Science and Technology 38, n. 8-9 (1 ottobre 1998): 267–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1998.0815.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Seawater cooling systems are an essential feature of Hong Kong's large public, institutional, commercial and industrial complexes. Over 25 million cubic metres of seawater are used for cooling purpose everyday. Biofouling, scaling and corrosion are common operational problems encountered. These are generally combatted through the use of chemicals such as chlorine and other antifouling/anticorrosion chemicals which are toxic to marine organisms and potentially harmful to the environment. Due to the continuous daily discharge of large amounts of cooling seawater everyday, significant quantities of heat is dissipated and potentially toxic chemicals are released to the coastal environment. A comprehensive survey of the cooling water system operations in Hong Kong was commissioned by the Hong Kong Environmental Protection Department in 1996. The survey results indicate that some 93 major cooling water systems are currently operating in the territory, about 80% of which are located around Victoria Harbour. The majority of the cooling water systems are the once-through type, causing a temperature rise of 3–5°C above ambient at discharge points. Cooling water discharges from large power plants, on the other hand, may have a discharge temperature increase of 8–10°C above the ambient which is close to the upper thermal tolerance limit of most marine biota. Chlorine and amine-/surfactant-based biocides are the most commonly used antifouling/anticorrosion chemicals. An estimated 11,000 tonnes of chlorine are released into the marine environment of Hong Kong each year by the cooling systems. Chlorine and its reactive by-products are known to be toxic to marine life even at very low concentrations. Despite the large dilution capacity of seawater, chlorinated discharges may cause adverse ecological impacts, particularly in the vicinity of large cooling water outfalls. Sound management of Hong Kong's cooling systems is necessary to allow efficient use of seawater for cooling, while minimizing its adverse environmental impact. Such management practices include improved cooling system design, effective operation and maintenance for biofouling control. Overdosing of toxic chemicals should be avoided and there is a need to regularly monitor the effluents to ensure compliance with discharge standards.
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Lai, Lawrence W. C., K. W. Chau, Stephen N. G. Davies e Locinda M. L. Kwan. "Open space office: A review of the literature and Hong Kong case studies". Work 68, n. 3 (26 marzo 2021): 749–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/wor-203408.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
BACKGROUND: Open plan or open space office has become increasingly popular but those who promote the concept seldom refer to health studies or workers’ perceptions of a change in office layout towards an open space arrangement. OBJECTIVE: To review the literature on open plan or open space office layouts in terms of facilities management (FM) with users’ perceptions in mind and to obtain opinions of users of open space offices for a better appreciation of the FM issues. METHODS: A literature search of research papers from 2007 in journals using the keywords “open plan office” and “open space office” plus “health”, first in the titles then in the text, was carried out. Thirty-two of those papers, accessible by the authors’ institutions, were consulted together with 5 other works in the Harvard Business Review. The review consulted but excluded papers and reports published or sponsored by commercial firms that were in favour of open space layouts. Case studies were conducted by face to face meetings in confidence with workers in the middle managements of twelve Hong Kong organisations known as friends to two of the authors. Problems as seen by staff are reported and discussed. RESULTS: The literature review reveals that apart from writing that promotes the use of an open plan office layout, a host of scientific works point to the problems of perceived dissatisfaction with such a layout, the nature of the dissatisfaction tending to depend on the actual design. Most workers interviewed disliked the new style open plan layouts, which points to the necessity of consulting workers when such changes are contemplated, as well as monitoring the results of the change once it is in place whether against workers’ wishes or with their support. There is a need for a number of facility arrangements in making a change to open plan that ensures that worker needs for proper lighting, privacy, and indoor health will be met. CONCLUSIONS: If the aim of a change to an open plan arrangement is to promote collegial communications in office, the study sheds light on the extent to which such arrangements may not in practice be suitable for achieving the aim. It follows that further, more specifically sociological studies of workers’ job satisfaction and emotional health in open plan office settings would be worth doing.
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He, Shan. "Independence and Interdependence: A Comparative Case Study of Individuals From Two Institutions in Mainland China and Hong Kong". European Journal of Educational Research 13, n. 2 (15 aprile 2024): 735–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.12973/eu-jer.13.2.735.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
<p style="text-align: justify;">There has been a clear shift in higher education to prepare and empower the current students for a future quite different and more complex than that faced by previous generations. In particular, it is expected that they will possess comprehensive abilities to deal with challenges arising from new employment demands and beyond. While liberal arts education has a long history in the West, it has been increasingly implemented more recently in East Asia as one response to the need for educational reform. The research reported here is an empirical study of how liberal arts education has affected individuals from two institutions with distinctive interpretations of “liberal arts education” - University N, the first Sino-foreign joint university in mainland China, and University L, the only public liberal arts university in Hong Kong. Drawing on Bourdieu’s Theory of Practice, this study illustrates the interplay and balance among students’ practical concerns, their sense of social obligation fostered through liberal arts education elements and the wider social structure. Semi-structured interviews with senior students, fresh graduates, and educators were conducted to gather in-depth primary data. These reveal that, by providing interdisciplinary knowledge and transferable skill sets, a liberal arts education experience does enhance individuals’ personal agency and intellectual competencies in a professional context - they are trained to become independent thinkers and learners. Moreover, the “humanistic” aspect of liberal arts is also relevant: having engaged in various activities and programs, students in both universities are encouraged to care, cooperate, and make positive differences in their increasingly interconnected communities.</p>