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Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "History, Modern – 20th century – Chronology"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 29 luglio 2024

Ultima modifica: 30 luglio 2024

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "History, Modern – 20th century – Chronology"

Tsyb, S. V., e T. V. Kaigorodova. "Russian Printed Paskhalistic Books of the 18th — Early 20th Centuries". Izvestiya of Altai State University, n. 3(119) (9 luglio 2021): 71–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/izvasu(2021)3-10.

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The article deals with the process of transformation of the old handwritten tradition of describing Paskhaliya into a printed one. Understanding the calculations of the day of Easter was important for the daily life of the population of Ancient Rus, and therefore Old Russian writers paid attention to describing the rules of Easter calculations. For a long time, these descriptions took the form of handwritten manuscripts. After the reforms of Peter the Great in Russia, works of this genre began to take the form of printed editions. The authors aim to consider the features of the transformation of the handwritten manuscripts into modern books. As part of study, it has been found that the descriptions of Paskhaliya, published in the typographic way first, tried to repeat the handwritten samples, but then began to turn into popular descriptions of the rules for calculating Easter. Moreover, the authors of these writings looked to the development of new ways of calculating the dates of the Easter celebration. It has been linked to the fact that after the authors-priests (18th century), secular writers (journalists, officials, officers, etc.) joined the genre of describing Paskhaliya in the first half of the 19th century. The way of transformation of Paskhalistics into an entertaining genre of popular-science literature became likely, but in the second half of the 19th century the representatives of academic science restored the scientific status of this field of knowledge. At present, the achievements of the science of Paskhaliya have become an important element in the study of the chronology of ancient Russian history. In modern science, studying the history of timekeeping, Paskhalistics became one of the necessary elements for studying the chronology of ancient Russian history. It can be recognized that the printed editions of Paskhaliya played an important role in the development of modern chronological science.

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Parle, Julie, Rebecca Hodes e Thembisa Waetjen. "Pharmaceuticals and modern statecraft in South Africa: the cases of opium, thalidomide and contraception." Medical Humanities 44, n. 4 (27 novembre 2018): 253–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/medhum-2018-011478.

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This article provides a history of three pharmaceuticals in the making of modern South Africa. Borrowing and adapting Arthur Daemmrich’s term ‘pharmacopolitics’, we examine how forms of pharmaceutical governance became integral to the creation and institutional practices of this state. Through case studies of three medicaments: opium (late 19th to early 20th century), thalidomide (late 1950s to early 1960s) and contraception (1970s to 2010s), we explore the intertwining of pharmaceutical regulation, provision and consumption. Our focus is on the modernist imperative towards the rationalisation of pharmaceutical oversight, as an extension of the state’s bureaucratic and ideological objectives, and, importantly, as its obligation. We also explore adaptive and illicit uses of medicines, both by purveyors of pharmaceuticals, and among consumers. The historical sweep of our study allows for an analysis of continuities and changes in pharmaceutical governance. The focus on South Africa highlights how the concept of pharmacopolitics can usefully be extended to transnational—as well as local—medical histories. Through the diversity of our sources, and the breadth of their chronology, we aim to historicise modern pharmaceutical practices in South Africa, from the late colonial era to the Post-Apartheid present.

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Sumariuk, Bohdan, Iryna Herasymiuk e Nataliia Hrynko. "«Psychiatry without shackles»: The formation of psychiatric care in Chernivtsi in late 19th – early 20th centuries". History Journal of Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University, n. 53 (21 giugno 2022): 54–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.31861/hj2021.53.54-59.

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The article presents transformation of medical care for patients with mental disorders and the establishment of psychiatric care in Chernivtsi in the late 19th century. Since the proclamation of Bukovyna as the crown land of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, the provision of psychiatric care has changed. A psychiatric service appeared and helped to understand what a mental disorder really is. There was a transition to a scientific interpretation and a scientific approach to providing psychiatric care.The authors research and systematize information from various available sources, various articles, information messages, data from the state archives of Chernivtsi region, etc.It is known that the model of the regional psychiatric hospital in Chernivtsi was developed by the latest requirements for the construction of mental health facilities in Austria and other European countries of the time.At the beginning of the 20th century, the Bukovynian psychiatric hospital was extremely modern, equipped with all necessary equipment and the location of the wards in accordance with the standard of the time. Leading doctors were involved, as well as local ones, who had the opportunity to train at the University of Vienna and psychiatric hospitals. 15 hectares of land were allocated for the territory of the hospital, which was located outside the city on the territory of the former Strazagasse (Storozha) and Maisgasses (Kukurudziana) streets, now Mussorgsky Street.The opening of the regional psychiatric hospital in Bukovyna took place on May 1, 1902. The structure of the psychiatric hospital included 6 buildings, as well as the administration building and other technical facilities.The purpose of the article was to highlight the main historical moments of assisting persons with mental disorders in Chernivtsi in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Describe the historical chronology from the first psychiatric ward at the city hospital to a separate regional psychiatric hospital in Bukovyna. The methodology of the article is a synthesis of the historical chronology of psychiatric care as part of health care in Chernivtsi.The history of the emergence of psychiatric services in Chernivtsi has experienced ups and downs that corresponded to challenging conditions of the time. The transformation of mental service changed from the worldview and level of development of contemporary science. We can observe changes from mystification to the formation of psychiatry, as real modern neuroscience with an evidence-based approach and humane treatment of patients. Through the ages, different countries and changes in the understanding of the aetiology and pathogenesis of mental disorders, Chernivtsi remains the centre of mental health in Bukovyna.

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Shmelev, Dmitry. "Female Images of French Comics (Bande Dessinée)". ISTORIYA 14, n. 4 (126) (2023): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s207987840020073-9.

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The article analyzes the history of female characters of French comics (bande dessinée). The study covers the period from the beginning of the 20th century to the beginning of the 21st century, from the creation of albums telling about the history of Bécassina to the albums devoted to the adventures of Laureline. Analyzing the history of the development of female characters, the authors noted that the feminization of the French bande dessinée coincides with the chronology of the three stages of development of feminism. This circumstance is reflected in the specifics of female characters of comics, their nature, manner of action and gender relations. Moreover, the stories of female characters in the bande dessinée were a reflection of the social and cultural situation of a certain time, the change in the legal and civil status of a woman, the transformation of her role in society and the desire for real equality. The Bécassina’s character, although it fits into the framework of traditional gender relations and the social role of women in France at the beginning of the 20th century, at the same time reflects the beginning of a “rebellion”, an attempt to go beyond the assigned role, to know the outside world. The image of Lili in this context is more modern and more reflective of the post-war spirit of the “beautiful era” marked by the process of female emancipation. In any case, both characters have a choice to play a social role reserved for them by society, or to go beyond the patriarchal framework. In fact, this is the first bright characters bande dessinée, embarked on the path of emancipation. The second wave of feminism contributes to the evolution of female characters bande dessinée. The heroines of the comic books of the 1960—1970s reflect the results of the sexual emancipation of the post-war decades. This can be seen in the Barbarella way, but also in the behavior and lifestyle of Adèle (despite placing her in a completely different historical context). Unlike Bécassina and Lili, they are no longer constrained by the framework of traditional patriarchal relations, social and cultural conformism, expressing a desire to change the world. Finally, to the period of the third wave of feminism, we can attribute two albums telling about the adventures of Isa and the cosmic adventures of Laureline. As in the case of Adèle, the modern character of Isa, transferred to the context of the 18th century, introduces a modern interpretation of the issues of slavery, sexism and male domination. In the albums of the series “Valerian and Laureline”, the female character Laureline first becomes the central figure of the series, which allows us to speak about the end of the feminization of bande dessinée.

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Balyunov, Igor V. "An Asymmetric Axe from the Collections of the Tobolsk Museum-Reserve". Archaeology and Ethnography 20, n. 5 (2021): 105–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/1818-7919-2021-20-5-105-115.

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Purpose. Among its collections, the Tobolsk Museum-reserve keep an axe, which was an accidental find. The purpose of this publication is to introduce the presented sample into scientific circulation, as well as to complete the description of the find, establish its functional purpose, chronology and determine its place of production. Upon admission to the museum, it was identified as a combat weapon and tentatively dated to the 17th century. Results. The axe has a wide blade which extends downwards, covered with a notched ornament. An important feature is its asymmetric cross-section, where one of the sides is flat and the other is convex. Similar axes found in Siberia are often defined as battle axes, however this definition is incorrect. Currently, no Tobolsk axe prototypes are known to have been found on the territory of the Moscow state, however asymmetric axes are known to have been used, in particular, in Eastern Europe, since at least the 15th century. According to some authors, asymmetric axes are specialized tools for carpentry and joinery. This definition is most reliably justified in the publication of Polish researcher M. Glosek. This point of view is convincingly confirmed by the catalogues of Eastern European metalworking plants of the first half of the 20th century. The definition of long-bladed asymmetric axes as a combat weapon is based, as a rule, on random finds with unknown dating. More proof can be found by their absence in the materials of archaeological excavations. Conclusion. It can be assumed that asymmetric axes were imported to Russia between the Modern Period up to ethnographic modernity. One of the most likely producers is the Transcarpathian plant in the village of Kobyletskaya Polyana, which specialized in the manufacture of tools for the forest industry and had a fairly wide market. The widest possible period when Transcarpathian axes could be imported into Russia is no earlier than the end of the 18th century, and not later than the middle of the 20th century.

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Makarova, Anna A. "Names of Pogosts and the Origins of the Term Pogost in the Oikonymy of the Russian North: Chronology and Evolution". Вопросы Ономастики 20, n. 2 (2023): 119–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/vopr_onom.2023.20.2.018.

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The article considers the composite oikonyms of the Russian North that include the term pogost, as well as the naming patterns used for the settlements defined as “pogosts” in the registers of the late 19th — early 20th centuries. The author provides a brief overview of the history of the word pogost in the Russian language and examples of its first attestations in Old Russian texts. The analysed data were retrieved from the settlement registers of the Olonets (for 1873 and 1905), Arkhangelsk (1859), Vologda (1859) and Novgorod (1911–1912) provinces, as well as, for later times, from the collection of field materials of the Ural University Toponymic expedition (1960s–2010s). As additional sources, the author used data from the Karelian Toponyms Card Index (Institute of Language, Literature and History of the KarSC of the RAS) and historical maps. The study found that, despite the disappearance of the corresponding administrative unit, the term pogost is still used in the oikonymy of the Russian North (in modern field data collections, there are records of about 150 settlement names that include this term). However, the spread of the word pogost in the oikonymy of the Russian North turns out to be uneven: most of the names are attested in the west of this territory that was formerly part of the Olonets and Novgorod provinces, and largely reflects the distribution that developed in the mid-19th century, which indicates to the stability of the oikonymic system. The article also discusses the naming patterns for the settlements defined as “pogosts” in the settlement registers of the late 19th — early 20th centuries. It is noted that the Vologda and Novgorod provinces were characterized by a two-component pattern, in which one word referred to a local toponym (most often to a river name or an oikonym), and the other to the name of the local church: Raslovsky-Voskresensky pogost (near the Raslavka river), Spaso-Nuromsky pogost (near the Nurma river) and many others. In the Olonets and Arkhangelsk provinces, a one-component pattern was more frequent; interestingly, in the Olonets province, the name of the pogost often coincided with the name of the corresponding parish or the rural community: Megorsky pogost, Undozersky pogost, etc. The author analyses the process of displacement of the term pogost from the settlement names, many of which were gradually replaced with toponyms Popovka, Popovskoe, Popovskaya with the general meaning of ‘related to clergy’. On the territory of the Vologda and Novgorod provinces, this process can already be seen from the settlement registers of the mid-19th century.

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Mogarichev, Yuriy, e Alena Ergina. "The Temple of the “Three Horsemen” (Eski-Kermen, South-West Crimea): On Issues of Chronology and Interpretation of Paintings". Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija 4. Istorija. Regionovedenie. Mezhdunarodnye otnoshenija, n. 6 (dicembre 2022): 30–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu4.2022.6.3.

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Introduction. The Church of the “Three Horsemen” is located on the southeast edge of Eski-Kermen hill fort (Southwest Crimea). Its name comes from the fresco with the images of three saints riding on the horses. Methods. Historians of the end of the 18th – beginning of the 20th centuries rarely mentioned this site. Modern scholars have discussed two issues: 1) whether the church with fresco was the original one or it was preceded by an earlier (early medieval) cave religious building; 2) the image depicts only St. George, presented in three scenes; St. Demetrius, St. Theodore, and St. George; or this image amplified with figures of local historical persons. Analysis. Nikolay Repnikov proved the chronological identity of fresco and the church. As regards the differences in the quality of handling walls, the author concludes that this is the result of the preparation of the rock base on plaster application and later paintings. The inscription under the picture of saints confirms this statement. All the translation variants confirm the simultaneity of paintings and cutting. Therefore, the fresco and the church were definitely created at the same time, probably in the second part of the 13th century. The analysis of paintings on the fresco shows that we have an image of St. Demetrius, St. Theodore (Stratelates or Tiron), and St. George. The images of these three saints, in contrast to “triple St. George” are common on the other sites of Crimea. Results. All the attempts to “find” in the Three Horsemen martyrium the “earlier church” are baseless. The church was carved and painted in the second part of the 13th century. The fresco depicts St. Demetrius, St. Theodore (Stratelates or Tiron), and St. George. Authors’ contribution. Yuriy Mogarichev prepared sections on historiography and features of the considered monument. Alena Ergina investigated art history aspects.

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Lazariev, Denys. "Alien mammals in ecosystems of eastern Ukraine: a history of research and appearance of species". Theriologia Ukrainica 2022, n. 24 (30 dicembre 2022): 216–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/tu2418.

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The paper presents a review of the history of investigations and formation of the adventive component of the mammal fauna in eastern Ukraine, mainly in the territory of the left bank of the Siversky Donets, within the area of the eastern part of Ukraine (Donetsk, Luhansk, and Kharkiv oblasts). Most of these territories are part of the steppe zone of Ukraine. They are characterised by such edge effects as depletion of the steppe fauna and emergence of azonal species. Throughout almost 170 years of mammal studies in the region, the research directions and the processes of fauna formation have changed. The goal of this paper is to review the history of research and the available data on the appearance and expansion of new for this region species. We distinguish several periods in the history of the formation of the adventitious component of the mammal fauna and in its research. First, in the 19th and early 20th centuries, there was a gradual accumulation of knowledge about the fauna of those regions. At that time, the territories underwent essential transformations. The active usage of lands for agriculture started, and, as a result, the steppe was split into local, isolated ecosystems with insignificant virgin areas. In the middle of the 20th century, the study of ecology and economic importance of mammals gained the attention of researchers. During this period, the intensity and character of distribution of the species increased: from a moderate spread of micromammals as a result of agricultural development to a more intensive distribution of game species as a result of intentional introduction of animals or their escape from culture. In the late 20th and early 21st centuries, the question of alien species become more prominent. This issue drew the attention of many researchers, and adventive traits were described for various mammals. As a result of our study, we could outline the chronology of the appearance of alien species in eastern Ukraine, as well as the main patterns of their distribution. Historical data allows for concluding that a notable part of the local fauna was formed as a result of invasions and expansion, and these processes are still relevant in the modern period of fauna development. It was established that the changes in the local fauna is closely related to land transformations and shifts in human economic activity.

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Anikeeva, Tatiana A. "About Manuscripts, Lithographs and Early Printed Books of the Karakalpak Institute of Humanities". Vostok. Afro-aziatskie obshchestva: istoriia i sovremennost, n. 4 (2021): 195. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s086919080016226-5.

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In the course of work in the manuscript collection of the Karakalpak Institute of Humanities (Branch of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan), a collection of manuscripts, lithographs and old-printed books was identified. It consists mainly of new arrivals (the so-called “Chimbay collection” at the place of origin of most of the manuscripts, from the city of Chimbay, formerly Shakhtemir, now in the Republic of Karakalpakstan). According to the information of the Institute's employees, Uzak Rakhmatullayev (born in 1920 in the territory of the modern Chimbay district of Karakalpakstan) collected more than 300 manuscripts and printed publications in Arabic, Persian and Turkic languages and subsequently transferred the collection to the Institute. We started its scientific description. A preliminary list of manuscripts, lithographs, and old-printed books was compiled, and they were distributed by language, chronology and subject. Among these manuscripts are works on Muslim dogmatics, Korans, poetic works (poems by Ajiniyaz, Berdakh, Suleyman Bakyrghani, Ahmad Yasavi, various destans, etc.), treatises on the grammar of the Arabic language (“Tarkib al-Awamil”), historical works, samples of calligraphy on separate folios, etc., in Arabic, Persian and Turkic languages (Chagatai, Tatar, Karakalpak). Together, they represent the area of reading of a Muslim of that era (19-first half of the 20th century) and are one of the illustrations of the close literary and cultural ties between the Aral Sea region (then the Khanate of Khiva), the Volga region, and the Ottoman Empire (where a number of manuscripts were copied).

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Kirillov, A. K. "Chain of lawsuits in the Russian volost court of the early 20th century: the case of a Siberian peasant woman Alexandra Borozdina, who obtained property from her husband, but not money". Northern Archives and Expeditions 4, n. 4 (25 dicembre 2020): 37–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.31806/2542-1158-2020-4-4-37-51.

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For the first time in the history of the study of volost courts in pre-revolutionary Russia, a rare phenomenon is taken for study – a chain of interconnected claims considered by one court during the year. The use of a chain of claims makes it possible to solve the problem of excessive conciseness of the protocols of the volost courts, which arises during the transition from their mass processing to the study by the method of case study. Six investigated lawsuits, filed in 1914 in the Tulinsky volost court of the Tomsk province, were related to the departure of the peasant woman A. E. Borozdina, who complained about her husband’s abuse. The judges supported one part of her claims and ruled that the husband should give her the woman’s property and return the money for the cow he sold after his wife left. Another part of the claims related to the payment of money “for food” was rejected. As a result of studying these materials, it has been proved that Aleksandra Borozdina perceived the lawsuit as a tool in a multi-step game; each time adjusting the content of the claim to the needs of this struggle, taking into account rapidly changing circumstances. For their part, the volost court judges were pragmatic about the claims being filed, building the queue of their consideration not according to the chronology of filing, but according to the degree of their importance for the restoration of violated justice. In general, the above facts and the conclusions drawn work to reject the perception of the volost court of the early XX century as a relic of the past, which tried to put modern life in the mainstream of patriarchal customs. The peasants who came into contact with the volost court treated it in a businesslike manner, creatively using the opportunities given to them by law to fight for their interests (as long as we are talking about the plaintiffs) or (if we mean volost court judges) for adopting the correct (from their point of view) solutions.

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Più fonti

Tesi sul tema "History, Modern – 20th century – Chronology"

Costello, Paul. "The goals of the world historians : paradigms in world history in twentieth century". Thesis, McGill University, 1990. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=74629.

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Following Nietzsche, Oswald Spengler posed the central problems of the cyclical history of civilization in the twentieth century. Subsequent world historical theorists have attempted to answer Spengler's nihilistic perspective on the destined rise and fall of all cultures by rescuing a progressive movement which transcended the downfall of civilizations. World history since Spengler has been written in pursuit of an answer to the crises of modernism: to the 'Death of God,' the problem of progress, the emergent technological order with its bureaucratic management of society, and the need sensed by the metahistorians for a new 'mythical' grounding to avert the fall of the West. The "Crisis of the West" dominates the perspectives of the world historians. Their goals for the solution of 'modernism,' through the religious transformation of society or political and cultural world unity, are central to their motivation as writers and to the formulation of their paradigms.

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Yu, Xuying, e 郁旭映. "Alternative modernity discourse and intellectual politics in modern and contemporary China: a case study ofXueheng school". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B48079844.

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This thesis sets to sketch Chinese intellectuals’ sustained efforts to search for an alternative modernity to the Western model throughout the twentieth century, and uncover the interaction between intellectual politics and Chinese modernity discourse by historicizing and contextualizing Chinese modernity discourse. This study starts with delineating the consistence and the inconsistence of Chinese modernity discourses by juxtaposing different historical conditions and examining reappeared trends of thoughts. Three intellectual currents, i.e., cultural conservatism, humanism, and professionalism, which emerged in the May Fourth period and remerged in the post-socialist condition, are examined to mirror the spiral dynamics and the locus of Chinese modernity. Their respective roles in reconstructing Chinese cultural, ethical and academic orders in response to Western model of modernity are highlighted in the research. Cultural conservatism attempts to legitimize the Chinese culture in the framework of global modernity by resetting or reinterpreting the dialectical relation between the whole and part, universalism, and essentialism. Humanism emphasizes the standard, the guidance of authority, and the self-perfection to resist the ethical disorder caused by the so-called “modern spirit”, which is embodied by individualism, romanticism, and the immoderate expansion of desire. Professionalism influences the pattern of producing and reproducing knowledge about modernity by re-standardizing the academic and the discursive fields and by remolding the identity of the agents. After exposing how the “alternative modernity” in China, as a discursive-political device, has been produced and repackaged with various contents and meanings, this thesis proceeds to explore the intellectual pedestal of Chinese modernity discourses from two aspects. First, how do the intellectual strategies of self-positioning and position-taking influence knowledge production and reproduction of the Chinese modernity discourse; second, how articulation and re-articulation of modernity discourse reflect the self-adjustments of intellectual politics as well as identity shifts. Through the comparative and diachronic examinations, it poses that, as Chinese modernity discourse is increasingly served as a symbolic capital or a strategy of intellectual politics, it gradually loses its authenticity or even becomes a signifier without signified. Meanwhile, the state-led modernization practice is reversely becoming homogenous, stable, and less diverse, although the dominant ideology, namely, socialism with Chinese characteristics, is, in itself, hybrid, paradoxical, and strategically manufactured.
published_or_final_version
Comparative Literature
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy

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RIZZI, Elena Maria Rita. "Modern art and the making of a French republican imaginary, 1919-1940". Doctoral thesis, European University Institute, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/1814/70295.

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Defence date: 24 February 2021
Examining Board: Professor Laura Lee Downs (European University Institute); Professor Ann Thomson (European University Institute); Professor Kevin Passmore (Cardiff University); Professor Béatrice Joyeux-Prunel (Université de Genève)
Winner of the 2022 James Kaye Memorial Prize for the Best Doctoral Thesis in History and Visuality.
Recent scholarship on the interwar French art milieu has overcome, on the one hand, ethnonationalism as the main interpretive framework for examining the relationship between art and politics and, on the other, a celebratory narrative that made Paris the liberal and democratic interwar art centre. Building on these recent studies, my thesis aims to reassess the nexus between art and politics in interwar France. I do this by asking what kind of Republican imaginaries were created in the modern art promoted by public institutions. In order to answer this question, the thesis builds on a second, recent body of scholarship that re-examines French politics and Republican political culture through new lenses. This work highlights the polysemic and plastic nature of Republican ideology, the variety of stances contained within Republicanism, and hence the existence of different and competing understandings of the French Republic. By delving into four case studies, namely the Musée des écoles étrangères, the Musée de Grenoble, the tapestries realised at the Manufacture des Gobelins and the mural art projects financed by the state in the late 1930s, the thesis demonstrates that the modern art promoted by public institutions engendered political imaginaries that testify to the simultaneous existence of conservative, liberal, civic or communitarian, that is, local Republics. While making modern art the bearer of competing views on the French Republic in the 1920s and 1930s, the imaginaries that were created by modern art institutions and practices mythologised Republican universalism. Yet, these imaginaries revealed all the ambiguity contained in France’s universalistic project. At a time marked by the never-ending bellicosity that ensued from the First World War and the political and economic crises of the 1930s, the imaginaries created by modern art thus gave birth to a Republican visual politics. As the thesis argues, this Republican visual politics had a sociopolitical meaning. Modern art, especially figurative art, created imaginaries that could confront, above all, the interwar crisis of the Republic and its universalism, and the crisis in social and political representations that stemmed from the political turmoil and instability of the interwar years.

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Marcus, Karen K. "Twentieth century Chinese architecture : examples and their significance in a modern tradition". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/78994.

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Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 1988.
Includes bibliographical references.
If one were to seek a unifying factor in this relatively short period of a modern Chinese tradition, it might be surprising to find that amidst the jolts of passing out of a feudal era into the twentieth century, the ancient principles of yin and yang still provide the jagged thread with which to attach the modern Chinese culture to the ancient one. This integration of opposing forces causes the pendulum to swing in any cross section of both material and nonmaterial form. Although this idiosyncratic leitmotiv is often to be found locked in a state of contradiction (the antithesis), the principles nevertheless provide a flexible structure and the leeway for change; as Chinese history has proven that rigidity most often results in decline and defeat. Moreover, it has provided a base for the growth of knowledge, readily adapting to the Marxist and Maoist methodology of dialectical materialism in this modern era.
by Karen K. Marcus.
M.S.

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Lam, Po-ying Belinda, e 林寶英. "Modern Chinese political thought and the Min-li pao". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1985. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31948571.

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陳桂月 e Kwee-nyet Chin. "The mythical world of modern Chinese writers (1919-1949)". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1995. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31234744.

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Kaji-O'Grady, Sandra 1965. "Serialism in art and architecture : context and theory". Monash University, School of Literary, Visual and Performance Studies, 2001. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/9120.

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阮慧娟 e Wai-kuen Jeannie Yuen. "Crisis and negotiation: a study of modern chinese fiction in the eighties". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1994. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31212050.

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Jin, Yilin, e 金以林. "The history of university education of Modern China 1896-1949 =". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1997. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B44569749.

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Ondaatje, Michael L. "Neither counterfeit heroes nor colour-blind visionaries : black conservative intellectuals in modern America". University of Western Australia. History Discipline Group, 2008. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2008.0029.

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This thesis focuses on the rise to prominence, during the 1980s and 1990s, of a coterie of African American intellectuals associated with the powerful networks and institutions of the New Right. It situates the relatively marginalised phenomenon of contemporary black conservatism within its historical context; explores the nature and significance of the racial discourse it has generated; and probes the intellectual character of the individuals whose contributions to this strand of black thought have stood out over the past three decades. Engaging the writings of the major black conservative figures and the literature of their supporters and critics, I then evaluate their ideas in relation to the key debates concerning race and class in American life debates that have centred, for the most part, on the vexed issues of affirmative action, poverty and public education. In illuminating this complex, still largely misunderstood phenomenon, this thesis reveals the black conservatives as more than a group but as individuals with their own distinctive arguments.

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Libri sul tema "History, Modern – 20th century – Chronology"

J, Waller P., a cura di. Chronology of the 20th century. Oxford, Great Britain: Helicon, 1995.

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1912-, Daniel Clifton, a cura di. Chronicle of the 20th century. Liberty, Mo., USA: JL International Pub., 1994.

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1912-, Daniel Clifton, a cura di. 20th century day by day. New York, NY: DK Pub., 1999.

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Grimwood, Jonathan. Photo history of the 20th century. Poole: Blandford, 1986.

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1907-, Magill Frank Northen, a cura di. Chronology of twentieth-century history. Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn, 1998.

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editor, Rowett John, Dallek, Robert, author of introduction, etc, Waller, P. J. (Philip J.), editor e Williams Neville 1924-1977, a cura di. Chronology of the 20th century: Based on Chronology of the modern world. Oxford, Great Britain: Helicon, 1996.

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Inc, DK Publishing, a cura di. Junior chronicle of the 20th century. New York: DK Pub., 1997.

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Glennon, Lorraine. Our times: The illustrated history of the 20th century. Atlanta: Turner Pub., 1995.

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Brownstone, David M. Timelines of the 20th century: A chronology of 7,500 key events, discoveries, and people that shaped our century. Boston: Little, Brown, 1996.

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Brownstone, David M. Timelines of the 20th century: A chronology of 7,500 key events, discoveries, and people that shaped our century. Boston: Little, Brown, 1996.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "History, Modern – 20th century – Chronology"

Leslie Johnson, Donald, e Donald Langmead. "Chronology And Founders". In Makers of 20th-Century Modern Architecture, 359–63. New York: Routledge, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203059210-118.

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Lopez, Gary C. "A History of 20th-Century Safety Metrics". In Safety Metrics for the Modern Safety Professional, 9–16. First edition. | Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press, 2021.: CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003088332-2.

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Ellis, Harold, e Sala Abdalla. "The birth of modern surgery – from Lister to the 20th century". In A History of Surgery, 93–122. Third edition. | Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press, [2019] |: CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429461743-8.

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Jin, Fu, e Zhang Qiang. "Modern drama and “feudalism, capitalism and revisionism”". In A History of Chinese Theatre in the 20th Century IV, 3–35. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003205159-2.

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Costa Agarez, R. "From form to words: Knowledge transfer vehicles in late-20th-century Portuguese modern architecture". In History of Construction Cultures, 774–79. London: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003173434-213.

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Wang, Mingsheng. "Two Propositions by Bertrand Russell and Re-examination of the Debate on Socialism in Early 20th Century". In The History and Logic of Modern Chinese Politics, 41–56. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-3716-2_4.

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López, Laurent. "Crossing Frontiers to Chase Offenders: The Hardships of French and Belgian Police Collaboration at the Beginning of the 20th Century". In Policing New Risks in Modern European History, 22–35. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137544025_2.

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Safley, Thomas Max. "Money and its alternatives in Early Modern extractive industry: The many media of exchange in mercury mining". In Datini Studies in Economic History, 27–45. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/979-12-215-0347-0.05.

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«Alternatives to money» have a long history in Western extractive industry, extending to the 20th century. Before cash wages became a requirement of law, miners received their earnings in varieties of commodity and fiat moneys, combinations of scrip, cash and kind. This paper examines the use of Pfennwert, pennyworths of various goods, as a form of remuneration at the mines of the Holy Roman Empire with particular attention to the mercury mines in Idrija, Slovenia from the 15th to the 17th century. It demonstrates that this practice was a rational response to the «ecology of work»—that it, the combination of physical environment, regulatory systems, market forces, social relations and economic institutions—specific to Idrija. This approach to alternatives exposes their role not only in remuneration but in all aspects of premodern production as well as their persistence in the modern, supposedly monetary, economy.

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Mortensen, Lars Boje. "Chapter 13. Nordic countries". In Comparative History of Literatures in European Languages, 221–34. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/chlel.xxxiv.13mor.

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This chapter surveys Latin writing in the Nordic countries from the late 11th-century beginnings to the introduction of print. The story is told from a book-historical perspective rather than one of traditional literary history. Instead of following each modern Nordic country separately, it attempts to see common developments in a five-step chronology. The emphasis is on local text production and on the circulation of books of foreign origin as well as on the interaction, mainly from the 13th century onwards, between Latin and the vernacular languages used for books (Old Norse, Old Danish, Old Swedish).

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Atti di convegni sul tema "History, Modern – 20th century – Chronology"

Terziev, Venelin, e Silva Vasileva. "LITERATURE AS HISTORY AND EDUCATION IN THE MODERN BULGARIAN SOCIETY OF THE 20TH CENTURY". In ADVED 2022- 8th International Conference on Advances in Education. International Organization Center of Academic Research, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.47696/adved.202209.

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Yadlovska, O. S. "TENDENCIES OF NEW HISTORICISM IN LITERARY WORKS OF THE EARLY 20TH CENTURY AND THEIR PROJECTION ON THE INTERPRETATION OF HISTORICAL EVENTS IN LITERARY CRITICISM OF THE LATE 20TH AND EARLY 21ST CENTURIES (BASED ON THE WORK OF M. KHVYLOVY)". In MODERN PHILOLOGY: THEORY, HISTORY, METHODOLOGY. PART 2. Baltija Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/978-9934-26-425-2-48.

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Sallai, János, e Johanna Farkas. "21ST CENTURY CHALLENGES AND SOLUTIONS IN THE LIGHT OF HISTORY". In SECURITY HORIZONS. Faculty of Security- Skopje, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.20544/icp.2.4.21.p24.

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It is impossible to separate the public police organization from the modern state. King Louis XIV was the founder of the first centrally organized and uniform police force in 1667. A book related to the work of the police was first published in 1705 under the title "Traité de la police". It outlines the three main activities of the police, which are economic regulation, measures of the public order, and general rules of hygiene. The first head of Police and his 44 police commissioners' work was assisted by police inspectors beginning in 1709. The police also appeared on German territory, and the works of Lorenz von Stein, Otto Mayer, and Robert von Mohl are still dominant in Europe nowadays. This study examines books, journals, and legal documents to present the development of the law enforcement and the modern challenges of policing in Hungary. Our country celebrated the establishment of the central police last year. In the 20th century there was a development in modern policing and literature, as well as the emergence of modern police officer training. After World War II, a Soviet law enforcement model was imitated in which there was state security, secrecy, and Soviet police character. Although research of historical and theoretical studies of policing was forbidden, after the Revolution of 1989, the research of law enforcement theory was completed. Globalisation has created new sources of danger (e.g. terrorism, cybercrime), driven by a lack of borders and the expansion of international relations (Farkas, 2016). We can only meet the new challenges with the deepening of international law enforcement cooperation. Keywords: law enforcement, globalisation, data-transmission revolution, security

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Zhuykova, E. "COMICS AND LITERATURE: THE HISTORY OF FRIENDSHIP". In VIII International Conference “Russian Literature of the 20th-21st Centuries as a Whole Process (Issues of Theoretical and Methodological Research)”. LCC MAKS Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.29003/m3761.rus_lit_20-21/353-358.

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The reputation of comics in Russia was seriously spoiled in the 90s, when they were viewed as a purely entertaining and mass form. But in fact, in the modern world, the graphic novel is becoming a completely serious genre: great artists are creating comics, scripts for them are written by Ph.D's, and they often touch on complex topics. Moreover, comics have a long history of relationship with literature (for example, in the 30s of the 20th century, during the first wave of emigration, Russian literary comics were valued throughout the world). And in the last decade, this line of interaction has only intensified: many graphic adaptations of classic literary works, comic book biographies of writers and poets are appearing, and descriptions of comic books are increasingly appearing in modern literature. The article will be devoted to the history of various forms of interaction between literature and comics.

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Aangenendt, Gijs, Maria Skeppstedt e Ylva Söderfeldt. "Curating a historical source corpus of 20th century patient organization periodicals". In Huminfra Conference (HiC 2024). Linköping University Electronic Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/ecp205011.

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Acting out Disease: How Patient Organizations Shaped Modern Medicine (ActDisease) explores the history of patient organizations in 20th century Europe. By combining traditional historiographic methods with text mining techniques, the project aims to shed light on how patient organizations co-constructed concepts of and management of disease. Part of the project is to digitize print sources and build a digital corpus for historical text mining. The corpus consists of periodical publications from selected British, French, German and Swedish patient organizations, a type of material that poses a number of challenges in scan quality, layout, and lack of consistency. This paper discusses the technical process of building the ActDisease corpus from digitizing patient organization periodicals to OCR post-processing. It touches upon the methodological questions and challenges of curating a corpus of fragmented and heterogeneous historical source material tailored to a specific project.

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Ceravolo, R. "Condition Assessment, Monitoring and Preservation of Some Iconic Concrete Structures of the 20th Century". In IABSE Symposium, Wroclaw 2020: Synergy of Culture and Civil Engineering – History and Challenges. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/wroclaw.2020.0054.

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Great architects and structural engineers such as Berg (1870-1947), Maillart (1872-1940), Freyssinet (1879- 1962), Torroja (1899 -1961), Nervi (1891-1979), Candela (1910-1997), Isler (1926-2009) and many others have designed recognized works of art in their discipline. They conceived extraordinary concrete spatial structures, that are located mostly in Europe and represent a unique legacy. It is important to raise awareness of this heritage, define the criteria for preserving it and begin the process of its renovation and rehabilitation. While concrete has become a 20th century emblem, much of the world’s heritage from this period is unrecognized or undervalued, and therefore it is at risk and in need of analysis and protection. Innovative technologies and solutions are needed that contribute to the successful reuse of modern concrete built heritage. Indeed, such structures are plagued by significant deterioration and most of them are in urgent need of retrofitting and/or radical refurbishment. In other words, there is a need to bring some of these buildings back to life, while respecting the spirit of their original characters, through new technologies for long-term conservation that can maintain an adequate level of structural performance. Achieving this goal would produce substantial economic impacts through activities such as restoration, maintenance, and cultural industry. The keynote lecture, more specifically, focuses on the condition assessment, monitoring and preservation of 20th century architectural heritage characterized by a complex spatial structural design. The service life of civil and cultural heritage concrete spatial structures is typically thought to range from 10 to 200 years, but in practice the service environment plays a pivotal role in sustained durability. Indeed, the collapse of Polcevera Viaduct in Genoa has raised strong concerns on the durability of concrete structures conceived at that time. The scientific community has once again underlined the important role played by maintenance and continuous structural health monitoring in avoiding these disastrous events. In order to demonstrate a correct approach to condition monitoring of concrete spatial buildings and bridges, some important experiences are described that were recently obtained at the Polytechnic of Turin on the structural analysis, seismic vulnerability and condition assessment for iconic 20th century heritage buildings.

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Oktyabrskaya, O. "THE THEME OF HISTORY IN CHILDREN'S LITERATURE OF THE TWENTIETH CENTURY: THE PRINCIPLES OF THE EMBODIMENT OF ARTISTIC MATERIAL". In VIII International Conference “Russian Literature of the 20th-21st Centuries as a Whole Process (Issues of Theoretical and Methodological Research)”. LCC MAKS Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.29003/m3744.rus_lit_20-21/278-281.

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The article traces the ways of development and realization of historical prose in Russian children's literature from its very origins in the XIX century to modern literature of the XXI century. The types of narrative, genre diversity and thematic and problematic variability of works on a historical theme are analyzed. In addition, the author's strategies of writers who turn to the narrative of the past are investigated.

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Repina, Ksenia S. "THE FORMATION OF LITERARY DUTCH ON THE TERRITORY OF MODERN BELGIUM". In Second Scientific readings in memory of Professor V. P. Berkov. St. Petersburg State University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/11701/9785288063586.

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The Kingdom of Belgium is a small European country with three official languages, among them Dutch. It was not until the 20th century that Dutch became firmly established as the official state language in this country. In addition, the language which is spoken by the Flemish people has some peculiarities which make it different from the Dutch language which is used in the Netherlands. In order to understand the reasons for these differences, it is necessary to look at the history of the country. This article traces the history of the formation of literary Dutch in the territory of modern Belgium and shows the different stages from the 13th century to the present, which led to the formation of a complex continuum of languages in this region. The author also answers the question of the place of the southern version of the Dutch language in the Dutch-speaking region.

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Roelofs, Michelle B. "Mass Timber: 19 Century to Today". In IABSE Congress, New York, New York 2019: The Evolving Metropolis. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/newyork.2019.0634.

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New mass timber technologies are entering the US market allowing for innovative, sustainable, and affordable designs. As the market embraces mass timber it is important to reflect on the history of mass timber and to learn best practices to ensure sustainable growth of this sector. This paper will discuss the evolution of mass timber in three parts:19th Century: Large sawn timbers were used to construct impressive warehouse structures that still remain functional and beautiful in our cities today. Logging practices of this era led to deforestation in parts of the Americas before the rise of steel and concrete as dominant building materials.20th Century: Mass timber using adhesives emerged in the 20th century. The novel idea of adhering small dimensioned lumber together to create massive elements is the genesis of all modern mass timber technology. This practice allows for timber to be sustainably harvested for structural applications.21st Century: Cross Laminated Timber (CLT) has quickly shifted from a bespoke building material to an affordable system being used to address the pressing need for affordable housing. 475 W. 18th St is a model project that was used to compare the carbon impact of building a multi-family residential building as compared to conventional reinforced concrete.

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Korolevski, Svetlana. "The History of an Institute through the History of a Section or about the Capitalization of the Literary Heritage at Chisinau". In Conferință științifică internațională "Filologia modernă: realizări şi perspective în context european". “Bogdan Petriceicu-Hasdeu” Institute of Romanian Philology, Republic of Moldova, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.52505/filomod.2022.16.40.

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The reintegration of the classical values in the cultural life of postwar Bessarabia was a long and difficult path, because of the involvement of the political factor, the powerful impact of the sociological mentality, and from here – the selective exegetical approach, influenced by the ideology of power and the enforcing of restrictive and dogmatically norms, with focus on certain writers and works, certain aspects of those. Among the most active and competent representatives of the literary heritage in the area between the rivers Prut and Nistru from the second half of the 20th century were the literary historians Efim Levit, Eugeniu Russev, Haralambie Corbu, Pavel Zavulan, Ion Vasilenco, Lazăr Ciobanu, Vasile Ciocanu, Pavel Balmuş, researchers from the Classical literature section (today the Premodern and modern Romanian literature Section of the Institute of Romanian Philology „Bogdan Petriceicu-Hasdeu”). Their achievements in the literary and historical areas constitutes the subject of this article.

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