Bibliografie tematiche / Heroin dependence

Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Heroin dependence"

Autore: Grafiati
Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021
Ultima modifica: 5 marzo 2023

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Heroin dependence"

1

Maqsood, Niaz, Bushra Akram, Naima Luqman e Rizwana Amin. "HEROIN DEPENDENCE;". Professional Medical Journal 21, n. 06 (10 dicembre 2014): 1161–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2014.21.06.2241.

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Objective: To determine the frequency and level of family support in Heroin Dependent patients presenting with 1st treatment and also the patients presenting with relapses. Study design: A descriptive study. Place & duration of study: The study was conducted in the Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Nishtar Hospital, Multan from September, 2013 to December, 2013. Subjects & methods: The sample consisted of 50 consecutive inpatients presenting with Heroin Dependence. They were interviewed and Family support Scale (FSS) was administered to know the level of support in heroin dependent patients. Results: Results showed that 20% patients relapsed 3 times while 38% had more than three times relapses among whome 30% patients have family support, but 70% have very low level and family support decreased with increasing number of replace. Conclusions: We concluded that higher level of family support was during in the 1st treatment of Heroin Dependence and family support decreased as the number of relapses increased.
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dos Santos, Monika, e Fred van Staden. "Heroin Dependence Recovery". Journal of Psychology in Africa 18, n. 2 (gennaio 2008): 327–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14330237.2008.10820206.

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Merrill, Joseph O., e Ron Jackson. "Treatment of Heroin Dependence". Annals of Internal Medicine 134, n. 2 (16 gennaio 2001): 165. http://dx.doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-134-2-200101160-00020.

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Hyman, Mark H. "Treatment of Heroin Dependence". Annals of Internal Medicine 134, n. 8 (17 aprile 2001): 714. http://dx.doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-134-8-200104170-00016.

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O'Connor, Patrick G., e David A. Fiellin. "Treatment of Heroin Dependence". Annals of Internal Medicine 134, n. 8 (17 aprile 2001): 714. http://dx.doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-134-8-200104170-00017.

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Lintzeris, Nicholas. "Prescription of Heroin for the Management of Heroin Dependence". CNS Drugs 23, n. 6 (maggio 2009): 463–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00023210-200923060-00002.

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Santiago Rivera, Olga J., Jennifer R. Havens, Maria A. Parker e James C. Anthony. "Risk of Heroin Dependence in Newly Incident Heroin Users". JAMA Psychiatry 75, n. 8 (1 agosto 2018): 863. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2018.1214.

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&NA;. "Buprenorphine effective for heroin dependence". Inpharma Weekly &NA;, n. 1376 (marzo 2003): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128413-200313760-00022.

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Snow, Diane. "Update on Heroin Dependence Research". Journal of Addictions Nursing 19, n. 1 (2008): 35–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10884600801897122.

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Haasen, Christian, Uwe Verthein, Peter Degkwitz, Juergen Berger, Michael Krausz e Dieter Naber. "Heroin-assisted treatment for opioid dependence". British Journal of Psychiatry 191, n. 1 (luglio 2007): 55–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.106.026112.

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BackgroundHeroin-assisted treatment has been found to be effective for people with severe opioid dependence who are not interested in or do poorly on methadone maintenance.AimsTo study heroin-assisted treatment in people on methadone who continue intravenous heroin and in those who are heroin dependent but currently not in treatment.MethodIn an open-label multicentre randomised controlled trial, 1015 people with heroin dependence received a variable dose of injectable heroin (n=515) or oral methadone (n=500) for 12 months. Two response criteria, improvement of physical and/or mental health and decrease in illicit drug use, were evaluated in an intent-to-treat analysis.ResultsRetention was higher in the heroin (67.2%) than in the methadone group (40.0%) and the heroin group showed a significantly greater response on both primary outcome measures. More serious adverse events were found in the heroin group, and were mainly associated with intravenous use.ConclusionsHeroin-assisted treatment is more effective for people with opioid dependence who continue intravenous heroin while on methadone maintenance or who are not enrolled in treatment. Despite a higher risk, it should be considered for treatment resistance under medical supervision.
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Tesi sul tema "Heroin dependence"

1

Scott, Anna Basich. "Initiation of intravenous heroin use : symbolic meaning of the first time /". Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7232.

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Mills, Katherine Public Health &amp Community Medicine Faculty of Medicine UNSW. "Post traumatic stress disorder among people with heroin dependence". Awarded by:University of New South Wales. Public Health and Community Medicine, 2005. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/23339.

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Comorbidity between substance use disorders and post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is common. Despite evidence to suggest that people with heroin dependence are at particular risk of PTSD, there is a dearth of research focussing on the interrelationship between these disorders. The present thesis aims to identify the prevalence of PTSD among people with heroin dependence, the correlates of this comorbidity, and its impact on treatment outcomes, the utilisation of treatment services, and treatment costs. Study 1 examines the epidemiology of PTSD and heroin dependence among 10,641 Australian adults who participated in the National Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing. The prevalence of PTSD was highest among people with heroin or other opioid use disorders compared with any other drug class (33.2%). Comorbid PTSD was associated with poorer occupational functioning, and poorer physical and mental health. While general population studies provide crucial population estimates they do not allow for a detailed examination of the relationship between highly disabling but low prevalence disorders. The remaining studies were undertaken using a sample of 615 treatment seeking and non-treatment seeking dependent heroin users. Study 2 examines the prevalence and correlates of this comorbidity. PTSD was common (lifetime 41%; current 31%) and was associated with a more severe clinical profile. Studies 3 and 4 were based on follow-up data on this large cohort. Study 3 is the first study to examine the impact of PTSD on 2 year treatment outcomes for heroin dependence. Across the 2 year period, those with current PTSD at baseline performed more poorly in terms of their occupational functioning, physical and mental health. Study 4 found that this did not equate to the greater use of treatment services or an increased cost to the health care system among those with PTSD. It is concluded that PTSD and heroin dependence are highly comorbid conditions, and that this comorbidity is associated with poorer functioning and poorer treatment outcomes. Individuals entering treatment for heroin dependence should be assessed for PTSD so that they may receive appropriate treatment and referral. Further research is also needed to determine how best to treat this comorbidity.
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Shaw, Elizabeth H. "An exploration of the process of recovery from heroin dependence". Thesis, University of Hull, 2011. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:4910.

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This review aimed to collate information regarding the psychological and sociological factors that contribute to recovery from heroin dependence. Systematic searches (manual and electronic) using the databases PsychInfo, PsychArticles, Medline, CINAHL, Scopus and Web of Science were undertaken. Six themes were identified: the role of social factors in the engagement of heroin users with services, psycho-social factors associated with motivation to stop heroin use, the role of motivation in achieving abstinence from heroin, the role of confidence/self-efficacy in reduction of heroin consumption, coping strategies and heroin abstinence and the theme of how social factors aid the transition from addict to non-addict identity. The development of non-drug using relationships and coping strategies was associated with abstinence from heroin, identifying points for intervention by drug treatment services. Self-confidence for remaining abstinent from heroin at admission to treatment was found to be un-related to heroin use following treatment. Confidence surrounding cessation of heroin use was dependent on receiving substitution medication. Drug services may play an important role in increasing past heroin users‟ self-efficacy with regard to living without heroin and substitution treatment. Throughout the literature, „recovery‟ was viewed as engagement with services and abstinence from heroin use. It seemed that this conceptualization of recovery was inconsistent with that provided by the latest government policy and that more research is required to discover how people receiving MMT and people working in drug services view recovery from heroin dependence.
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Zarnegar, Parisa. "In vitro and postmortem studies of the brain opioid system: association to opiate dependence /". Stockholm, 2006. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2006/91-7140-904-1/.

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Leung, Wai-hing Frances, e 梁慧卿. "An exploratory study of factors leading to alcohol dependence among treated heroin addicts". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1993. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31249504.

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Leung, Wai-hing Frances. "An exploratory study of factors leading to alcohol dependence among treated heroin addicts /". [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1993. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13744707.

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Walmsley, Clarey J. "Factors associated with opiate dependence : an interaction of cognitive, genetic and psychosocial influences on acquisition and outcome /". St. Lucia, Qld, 2003. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe17744.pdf.

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Metrebian, Nicola. "Influences on the prescribing of heroin for the treatment of opiate dependence in the United Kingdom". Thesis, Imperial College London, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/8267.

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Brooks, Victoria Louise. "The role of Injectable Opiate Treatment in the patient's journey of recovery from entrenched heroin dependence". Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2016. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-role-of-injectable-opiate-treatment-in-the-patients-journey-of-recovery-from-entrenched-heroin-dependence(a3f3b96b-26dc-4b23-ae65-8fe16916840b).html.

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Background: Supervised Injectable Opiate Treatment (IOT) is a complex, intensive treatment modality that has been effective in treating long-term, chronic, previously treatment refractory heroin users. The mechanisms that make it an effective treatment modality are little explored, and never in a UK context. Aims: In a UK supervised IOT context, this thesis set out to describe the long-term treatment trajectory of patients receiving IOT. Additional aims were to describe the experience of patients receiving IOT and ascertain the role of IOT in the patient’s overall journey of recovery. In so doing, the thesis contributes to the scientific understanding of IOT. Method: Quantitative measures are employed to describe treatment process and the effect of treatment duration on outcome. Qualitative measures are utilised to describe the following: patients’ drug use and treatment histories; goals for, motivations, and expectations of IOT; experience with IOT; satisfaction with IOT; views on the impact of IOT; and views of, and goals for, patients’ recovery. Results: Quantitative findings illustrate that some participants remained in IOT long-term, whereas others discharged or moved back on to oral treatment modalities. When long-term IOT was undertaken, initial gains made were sustained. Qualitative findings illustrate that patients conceive effective IOT as flexible, psychosocial, person-centred, and encompasses autonomous ongoing support. Recovery is perceived as an ongoing, individualised journey, and the need for support following both IOT and abstinence are identified. Discussion: Strengths and limitations of the research are discussed. IOT is best delivered as an individualised, time-limited, goal-driven, flexible treatment programme for those entrenched users with long-term, treatment refractory histories. Numerous findings have utility for policy and clinical practice and there is scope for examination of individually tailored treatment programmes through further research and, a systematic exploration of longitudinal outcomes.
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Williamson, Anna Public Health &amp Community Medicine Faculty of Medicine UNSW. "The effect of cocaine use on outcomes for the treatment of heroin dependence in Sydney, Australia". Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Public Health and Community Medicine, 2005. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/24973.

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This thesis explored the effect of cocaine use on treatment outcomes for heroin dependent individuals in Sydney, Australia. A naturalistic, longitudinal design was employed in order to examine the effects of cocaine on outcomes over a two year period. Study 1 assessed the prevalence and correlates of cocaine use among heroin dependent individuals. Cocaine use was found to be common among entrants to all three of the major treatment modalities in NSW. Heroin users who also used cocaine (CU) displayed a poorer clinical profile at baseline than non-cocaine users (NCU), reporting higher levels of drug use and dependence, and a greater prevalence of needle risk-taking and criminal behaviour. Study 2 examined outcomes three months post-study entry. CU and NCU were found to have been equally well retained in treatment. Despite significantly reduced levels of cocaine use amongst the cohort, however, CU continued to display the higher levels of drug-related harm that characterized them at baseline. In order to determine whether cocaine use itself was responsible for the greater levels of harm observed amongst CU, or whether instead CU were an inherently more dysfunctional group for whom cocaine use merely served as a marker, comparisons were made within groups on the basis of cocaine use patterns over the study period. The results of these analyses demonstrated that commencing cocaine use resulted in a clear decline in functioning, whereas cessation resulted in corresponding improvements. In Study 3 outcomes were examined twelve months post-study. Baseline cocaine use was again found to predict poorer outcome, despite a large scale reduction in cocaine use amongst the cohort. Importantly, CU were significantly less likely than NCU to be abstinent from heroin at twelve months and more likely to have been incarcerated since study entry. In addition, the effect of persistence of cocaine use was examined. Results indicated that the harms associated with cocaine use increased with increasing persistence of use. Outcomes at two years post-study entry were explored in Study 4. At this time CU and NCU recorded similar outcomes in most domains. Thus, it appeared that the harms caused by cocaine use may take a substantial period of time to diminish. Patterns of cocaine use and motivations for cessation and commencement were also examined. Responses suggested that cocaine use amongst the cohort was largely opportunistic, with participants ceasing use for a variety of reasons, including the financial and psychological problems caused by cocaine use. Past year prevalence of cocaine dependence was measured in this study, with the majority of those who had used cocaine in the past year meeting criteria for dependence. In Study 5, generalized estimating equations were used to measure the effect of baseline cocaine use on major outcome variables over the entire two year study period. Even after controlling for treatment variables, heroin use and other baseline polydrug use, the results of this study confirmed previous findings within the thesis by demonstrating the negative effect of baseline cocaine use on most outcome variables. Evidently, cocaine use among dependent heroin users has serious, long lasting, consequences. To date, however, there has been a stark lack of research examining the effect of cocaine use on treatment outcomes for heroin dependence. To that end, the results of this thesis are encouraging, suggesting that treatment for heroin dependence may also aid in reducing cocaine use among this group.
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Libri sul tema "Heroin dependence"

1

A, Inciardi James, e Harrison Lana D, a cura di. Heroin in the age of crack-cocaine. Thousand Oaks, Calif: Sage Publications, 1998.

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John, Strang, e Gossop Michael 1948-, a cura di. Heroin addiction. London: Routledge, 2004.

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Parker, James N., e Philip M. Parker. The 2002 official patient's sourcebook on heroin dependence. A cura di Icon Group International Inc e NetLibrary Inc. San Diego, Calif: Icon Health Publications, 2002.

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Center for Substance Abuse Prevention (U.S.), a cura di. Heroin: What's the real dope ? [Rockville, Md.?]: U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Center for Substance Abuse Prevention, 2003.

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Keith, Bakx, e Newcombe Russell, a cura di. Living with heroin: The impact of a drugs "epidemic" on an English community. Milton Keynes, [Buckinghamshire]: Open University Press, 1988.

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missing], [name. One hundred years of heroin. Westport, CT: Auburn House, 2002.

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Heroin, AIDS, and society. London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1987.

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John, Strang, e Gossop Michael 1948-, a cura di. Heroin addiction and the British system. London: Routledge, 2005.

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Pathways from heroin addiction: Recovery without treatment. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1986.

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NIH Consensus Development Conference on Effective Medical Treatment of Heroin Addiction (1997 National Institutes of Health). NIH Consensus Development Conference on Effective Medical Treatment of Heroin Addiction: November 17-19, 1997, William H. Natcher Conference Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md. : [program and abstracts]. Bethesda, Md: National Institutes of Health, Continuing Medical Education, 1997.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Heroin dependence"

1

Kreek, M. J. "Long-Term Pharmacotherapy for Opiate (Primarily Heroin) Addiction: Opioid Agonists". In Pharmacological Aspects of Drug Dependence, 487–562. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60963-3_14.

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Maremmani, I., O. Zolesi, L. Daini, R. Nardini e P. Castrogiovanni. "Heroin Dependence Theory of Different Levels of Intervention". In Drug Addiction and Related Clinical Problems, 225–32. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-6901-8_27.

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Kreek, M. J. "Long-Term Pharmacotherapy for Opiate (Primarily Heroin) Addiction: Opioid Antagonists and Partial Agonists". In Pharmacological Aspects of Drug Dependence, 563–98. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60963-3_15.

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Daini, L., M. R. Capone, T. Agueci, M. Aglietti, O. Zolesi e I. Maremmani. "Mood Disorders in Heroin Dependence and Clinical Differences Between Heroin Addicts with and without Mood Disorders". In Drug Addiction and Related Clinical Problems, 69–77. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-6901-8_10.

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Khantzian, Edward J. "The Self-Medication Hypothesis of Addictive Disorders: Focus on Heroin and Cocaine Dependence". In The Cocaine Crisis, 65–74. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1837-8_7.

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Wei, Zhijie, Hanshu Cai, Qinglin Zhao, Quanli Han, Entan Ma, Guosheng Zhao e Hong Peng. "An ERP Study of Attentional Bias to Drug Cues in Heroin Dependence by Using Dot-Probe Task". In Human Centered Computing, 794–99. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31854-7_80.

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Zolesi, O., L. Daini, M. R. Capone, M. Aglietti, F. Raimondi e I. Maremmani. "The Use of GHB in Anticraving Therapy. Preliminary Experimental Data of its Use in Alcohol and Heroin Dependence". In Drug Addiction and Related Clinical Problems, 57–62. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-6901-8_8.

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Elvira, Veronica, Bertha Silvia Sutejo e Deddy Marciano. "The Effect of Financial Literacy and Demographic Factors on Behavioral Biases of Investors During a Pandemic". In Proceedings of the 19th International Symposium on Management (INSYMA 2022), 47–54. Dordrecht: Atlantis Press International BV, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-008-4_7.

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AbstractThe purpose of this study is to look at the impact of financial literacy and demographics on investor behavioral biases in Indonesia. Overconfidence, disposition effect, mental accounting, and herding bias were among the eight variables used in this study, which included four independent variables: financial literacy, age, occupation, and income, as well as four dependent variables: overconfidence, disposition effect, mental accounting, and herding bias. This is a sort of research that uses a quantitative technique to do basic research. The questionnaires were distributed to investors listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for this study. The findings reveal that gender and age influence overconfidence bias, that financial literacy and income level influence disposition, that financial literacy and age influence mental accounting, and that financial literacy and occupation influence herding prejudice.
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Stafford, Peter J. "Risk Oriented Earthquake Hazard Assessment: Influence of Spatial Discretisation and Non-ergodic Ground-Motion Models". In Springer Tracts in Civil Engineering, 169–87. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-68813-4_8.

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AbstractThree important aspects of ground-motion modelling for regional or portfolio risk analyses are discussed. The first issue is the treatment of discretisation of continuous ground-motion fields for generating spatially correlated discrete fields. Shortcomings of the present approach in which correlation models based upon point estimates of ground motions are used to represent correlations within and between spatial regions are highlighted. It is shown that risk results will be dependent upon the chosen spatial resolution if the effects of discretisation are not adequately treated. Two aspects of non-ergodic groundmotion modelling are then discussed. Correlation models generally used within risk modelling are traditionally based upon very simple partitioning of ground-motion residuals. As regional risk analyses move to non-ergodic applications where systematic site effects are considered, these correlation models (both inter-period and spatial models) need to be revised. The nature of these revisions are shown herein. Finally, evidence for significantly reduced between-event variability within earthquake sequences is presented. The ability to progressively constrain location and sequence-dependent systematic offsets from ergodic models as earthquake sequences develop can have significant implications for aftershock risk assessments.
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Zuev, Lev B. "Autowave Mechanics of Plastic Flow". In Springer Tracts in Mechanical Engineering, 245–74. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-60124-9_12.

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AbstractThe notions of plastic flow localization are reviewed here. It have been shown that each type of localized plasticity pattern corresponds to a given stage of deformation hardening. In the course of plastic flow development a changeover in the types of localization patterns occurs. The types of localization patterns are limited to a total of four pattern types. A correspondence has been set up between the emergent localization pattern and the respective flow stage. It is found that the localization patterns are manifestations of the autowave nature of plastic flow localization process, with each pattern type corresponding to a definite type of autowave. Propagation velocity, dispersion and grain size dependence of wavelength have been determined experimentally for the phase autowave. An elastic-plastic strain invariant has also been introduced to relate the elastic and plastic properties of the deforming medium. It is found that the autowave’s characteristics follow directly from the latter invariant. A hypothetic quasi-particle has been introduced which correlates with the localized plasticity autowave; the probable properties of the quasi-particle have been estimated. Taking the quasi-particle approach, the characteristics of the plastic flow localization process are considered herein.
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Atti di convegni sul tema "Heroin dependence"

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Huang, Xing, Hui Shen, Zongtan Zhou, Xuyi Wang, Wei Hao e Dewen Hu. "Anisotropic Asymmetry Analysis in Diffusion Tensor Images of Healthy an Heroin-dependent Subjects". In 2007 IEEE/ICME International Conference on Complex Medical Engineering. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccme.2007.4381877.

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Sheinov, Viktor P., e Anton S. Dziavitsyn. "Relationship between social media dependence and various personality traits and states". In The Herzen University Conference on Psychology in Education. Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33910/herzenpsyconf-2021-4-71.

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Seryy, Andrey V., Mikhail S. Yanitskiy e Olga A. Brown. "Dependence of the students’ self-concept structure on their meaning-of-life orientations". In The Herzen University Conference on Psychology in Education. Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33910/herzenpsyconf-2020-3-15.

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Bao, Ying. "Research on the Inheritance of Digital Education of Mongolian Heroic Epics from the Perspective of Path Dependence Theory". In 3rd International Conference on Contemporary Education, Social Sciences and Humanities (ICCESSH 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/iccessh-18.2018.168.

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Cukurel, Beni, Claudio Selcan e Judah Shashank. "Development of an Experimental Facility Towards Sound Excitation Effects on Forced Convection Heat Transfer". In ASME 2014 12th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2014-20280.

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In light of the potential of acoustic excitation for heat transfer enhancement, the research effort herein is geared towards a better understanding of the underlying physical mechanisms of aero-thermal laminar and turbulent boundary layer development under the influence of directed sound excitation. An experimental measurement campaign is carried out throughout which the effects of small amplitude periodic flow oscillations on convective heat transfer in straight channels are investigated. A low velocity wind tunnel facility has been designed and built for this purpose. Measurements of convective heat transfer are conducted by means of steady wide band liquid crystal thermometry at several acoustic and aerodynamic parameters. The findings of this investigation indicate that modification of convective heat transfer by directed sound excitations is possible. Dependent on the source frequency, the net effect can be a heat transfer augmentation or a local reduction. Although the acoustically induced changes are small in magnitude, the dependence on the excitation frequency is still quantifiable beyond measurement error.
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Kirk, Mark, Marjorie Erickson e Richard Link. "Large Dataset Assessment of the Upper Shelf Master Curve Model". In ASME 2017 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2017-66280.

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In 2006, EricksonKirk and EricksonKirk proposed a model describing a temperature dependence for upper shelf fracture toughness (JIc), based on the Zerilli-Armstrong (ZA) temperature dependence of the flow stress, that was common to the large number of ferritic steel datasets studied. The equation describing the temperature dependence of JIc was found to be a simple scalar multiple of the temperature dependence predicted by ZA for flow stress. Since that time a large dataset has been developed containing many experimental measurements of JIc for the purpose assessing and refining the previously proposed model. The new data, reported herein, validates the previously proposed model of JIc temperature dependence but suggests that revisions of the previously proposed model of JIc uncertainty are needed to ensure the applicability of the model to both low and high fracture toughness steels.
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7

Manktelow, Kevin L., Michael J. Leamy e Massimo Ruzzene. "Intensity-Dependent Dispersion in Nonlinear Phononic Layered Systems". In ASME 2011 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2011-64933.

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Phononic crystals are typically considered to operate in regimes where a linear constitutive relationship provides an adequate representation. For high intensity wave propagation, however, weak nonlinearities can affect performance. For example, a cubic nonlinearity gives rise to frequency shifting and thus a shift in band gap location. In the study of nonlinear optics, a cubic term has been treated using a quasi-linear constitutive relationship with intensity dependent properties. This technique is explored herein for generating nonlinear dispersion relationships for the elastic case. In addition, a perturbation method developed previously for discrete systems, used in conjunction with a finite element discretization, is proposed as an alternative dispersion analysis tool. Simulations of the fully nonlinear governing equations are provided as validation of the predicted dispersion curves.
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8

Kratzok, Max, Anil Saigal e Michael Zimmerman. "Temperature-Dependent Impact Properties of ABS Polymer". In ASME 2021 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2021-71382.

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Abstract Polymeric materials are composed of chains of molecules known as monomers which are held together by secondary bonds. Amorphous polymers have a glass transition temperature above which their behavior transitions from glassy to viscoelastic, meaning they act like both a viscous liquid and an elastic solid. This concept may seem familiar to anyone who has used Silly Putty®; bouncing a ball of Silly Putty causes the material to behave elastically whereas it will flow into a puddle if left on a table overnight. Time temperature superposition (TTS) describes the dependence of viscoelastic mechanical properties on time and temperature. Repeating the Silly Putty experiment at a different temperature will change how long it takes to reach the same end mechanical property. The Williams-Landel-Ferry (WLF) equation empirically defines the relationship between a temperature shift and a shift in the timescale for a specific material property. It has been widely used for materials undergoing low rates of strain (e.g. creep, stress relaxation), but it applies to any property of viscoelastic behavior. This paper examines modeling the temperature-dependent impact behavior of polymers based on the WLF equation. Although polymers experience viscoelastic behavior for an incredibly short time prior to fracture, the strong temperature dependence and past literature suggest the validity of the WLF equation to higher rates of strain as demonstrated herein for the energy absorption of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) undergoing high-velocity multiaxial impact tests.
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9

Shrivastava, Megha, Abhinav Kala, Dmitry Dirin, Maryna I. Bodnarchuk, Venu Gopal Achanta, Maksym V. Kovalenko e K. V. Adarsh. "Tailoring Recombination Dynamics in APbBr3 Single Crystals". In CLEO: Science and Innovations. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_si.2022.sth5i.4.

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Herein, phonon population governed retardation of carrier-recombination and thermal expansion assisted unusual blueshift of photoluminescence is demonstrated in perovskite single crystals using temperature-dependent studies. Our results promote potential candidature of perovskites in photovoltaics.
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10

Ryspaeva, E. B. "X-ray emission fromHerbig stars". In Всероссийская с международным участием научная конференция студентов и молодых ученых, посвященная памяти Полины Евгеньевны Захаровой «Астрономия и исследование космического пространства». Ural University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/b978-5-7996-3229-8.42.

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The archived X-ray observations of 9 Ae/Be Herbig stars obtained on the XMM-Newton space observatory are analysed for checking the hypotheses of their X-rays formation. An analysis of the dependences of the X-ray radiation characteristics for Herbig stars on the parameters of the stars revealed a close relationship between the magnetic activity and the processes of generation of X-ray radiation from Herbig stars, as well as the possible presence of a non-thermal component of the X-ray spectra.
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Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Heroin dependence"

1

Moores, Lee, Stacy Jones, Garrett George, David Henderson e Timothy Schutt. Photo degradation kinetics of insensitive munitions constituents nitroguanidine, nitrotriazolone, and dinitroanisole in natural waters. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), settembre 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41900.

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Abstract (sommario):
Herein the matrix effects on the kinetics of aqueous photolysis for the individual munitions constituents of IMX-101: nitroguanidine (NQ), dinitroanisole (DNAN), and nitrotriazolone (NTO) are reported along with the environmentally relevant kinetics and quantum yields. Photolysis potentially represents a major degradation pathway for these munitions in the environment and further understanding the complex matrices effects on photolytic kinetics was needed. Aqueous systems are of particular interest due to the high solubility of NQ (3,800 ppm) and NTO (16,642 ppm) compared to the traditional munitions trinitrotoluene (TNT, 100.5 ppm) and 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX, 59.9 ppm). Environmental half-lives (and quantum yields) were found to be 0.44 days, 0.83 days, and 4.4 days for NQ, DNAN, and NTO, respectively, under natural sunlight. In laboratory experiments using nominally 300 nm bulbs in a merry-go-round style reactor in DI water the relative rate of photolysis for the three munitions constituents followed the same order NQ > DNAN > NTO, where DNAN and NTO reacted 57 and 115 times more slowly, respectively, than NQ. In the various environmentally relevant matrices tested in the laboratory experiments NQ was not significantly affected, DNAN showed a faster degradation with increasing ionic strength, and NTO showed a modest salinity and pH dependence on its rate of photolysis.
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2

Landolt, Peter, Ezra Dunkelblum, Robert R. Heath e Moshe Kehat. Host Plant Chemical Mediation of Heliothis Reproductive Behavior. United States Department of Agriculture, ottobre 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1992.7568753.bard.

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Abstract (sommario):
Phytophagous insects respond to chemicals from their host plants in a number of ways, including orientation or attraction in response to volatiles produced by plants. Orientation to odors from host plants may occur in order to locate food, mates, or oviposition sites. A detailed understanding of these behaviors are the chemical stimuli evoking them may provide useful means for attracting and trapping insect pests of crop plants. Heliothine moths (Helicoverpa and Heliothis herein) include a number of major pests of cultivated crop plants throughout the world. In North America, these include Heliothis virescens and Helicoverpa zea. In much of Eurasia (including Israel) Australia, and Africa, these include Helicoverpa armigera and Helicoverpa peltigera. These 4 species of concern all are attracted to odorants from host plants (Tingle and Mitchell 2992, Mitchell et al 1991, 1992 BARD feasibility study report). Host plant chemicals also play a role in the sexual behavior of Helicoverpa species. Synthesis and possibly release of sex pheromone in H. zea and H. phloxiphaga is stimulated by kairomones from hosts plants (Raina 1988, 1992). Pheromona scent marking on host plants also occurs in H. virescens and H. zea. Studies of several other insects, including the cabbage looper Trichoplusia ni, have a variety of other behaviors may occur in association with host plants, including the use of plants as sexual rendesvous sites and of direct involvement of plant chemicals in sexual behavior. Some pest species of moths also may use host plants as adult food sources. These studies were undertaken to develop a more thorough understanding of how Heliothis/Helicoverpa moths use host plant odorants to locate and select foods, mates, and oviposition sites. We used Heliothis virescens and Helicoverpa zea in Florida, and Helicoverpa armigera and Helicoverpa peltigera in Israel as objects of study because of their pest status. It is hoped that such an understanding will provide direction for work to discover and develop novel means to control these pests through behavioral manipulation. The specific objectives of the proposal were to 1) identify host odor affects on known Heliothine sexual behavior, 2) identify novel sexual behavior that is how dependent, 3) isolate and characterize host kairomones important to pest Heliothine host and mate-location behavior, and 4) investigate female attraction to males.
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