Articoli di riviste: "Health protective behaviour"

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Bermúdez, José. "Personality and health-protective behaviour". European Journal of Personality 13, n. 2 (marzo 1999): 83–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-0984(199903/04)13:2<83::aid-per338>3.0.co;2-m.

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Amankwah-Poku, Margaret. "COVID-19-related health behaviour changes among Ghanaians: applying the health belief model". Second Edition in 2020 of the HSI Journal Volume 1 Issue 2 Publication 1, n. 2 (22 dicembre 2020): 135–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.46829/hsijournal.2020.12.1.2.135-138.

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Although the Coronavirus disease2019 (COVID-19)is a physical illness, it very much requires behavioural practices to prevent its infection and transmission. Coronavirus protective measures may sound simple to adhere to compared to chronic disease-related behavioural practices, but this is not the case. Understanding adherence to COVID-19-related health behaviours using the health belief model as an explanatory model, can help to design interventions for change and maintenance of this change. The health belief model posits that, practicing a health behaviour depends on the individual’s perceived susceptibility to a disease, his/her perceived severity of the disease, and the perceived benefits/cost of engaging in the health behaviour, all of which are prompted by internal and external cues to action. Some Ghanaians may believe they are not susceptible to the disease or may downplay the severity of the disease, and thus will be less likely to engage in the health behaviours to avoid COVID-19 infection. Again, if Ghanaians believe the cost of engaging in these behaviours outweigh the health benefits of adhering to the behaviours, then they are less likely to follow these health behaviours. Finally, internal (e.g. experiencing COVID-19 symptoms) and external (e.g. daily COVID-19 updates) cues may act as triggers to engaging in health behaviours. Ghanaians should be well educated about the coronavirus and well informed, to be equipped to adhere to the COVID-19 protective measures. Clinical and health psychologists should be engaged to champion behaviour change practices.

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Amankwah-Poku, Margaret. "COVID-19-related health behaviour changes among Ghanaians: applying the health belief model". Second Edition in 2020 of the HSI Journal Volume 1 Issue 2 Publication 1, n. 2 (22 dicembre 2020): 135–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.46829/hsijournal.2020.12.1.2.135-138.

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Abstract (sommario):

Although the Coronavirus disease2019 (COVID-19)is a physical illness, it very much requires behavioural practices to prevent its infection and transmission. Coronavirus protective measures may sound simple to adhere to compared to chronic disease-related behavioural practices, but this is not the case. Understanding adherence to COVID-19-related health behaviours using the health belief model as an explanatory model, can help to design interventions for change and maintenance of this change. The health belief model posits that, practicing a health behaviour depends on the individual’s perceived susceptibility to a disease, his/her perceived severity of the disease, and the perceived benefits/cost of engaging in the health behaviour, all of which are prompted by internal and external cues to action. Some Ghanaians may believe they are not susceptible to the disease or may downplay the severity of the disease, and thus will be less likely to engage in the health behaviours to avoid COVID-19 infection. Again, if Ghanaians believe the cost of engaging in these behaviours outweigh the health benefits of adhering to the behaviours, then they are less likely to follow these health behaviours. Finally, internal (e.g. experiencing COVID-19 symptoms) and external (e.g. daily COVID-19 updates) cues may act as triggers to engaging in health behaviours. Ghanaians should be well educated about the coronavirus and well informed, to be equipped to adhere to the COVID-19 protective measures. Clinical and health psychologists should be engaged to champion behaviour change practices.

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Gruijters, Stefan L. K., Joshua M. Tybur, Robert A. C. Ruiter e Karlijn Massar. "Sex, germs, and health: pathogen-avoidance motives and health-protective behaviour". Psychology & Health 31, n. 8 (6 aprile 2016): 959–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08870446.2016.1161194.

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Kristjánsson, S., Á. R. Helgason, I. Rosdahl, L.-E. Holm e H. Ullén. "Readiness to change sun-protective behaviour". European Journal of Cancer Prevention 10, n. 3 (giugno 2001): 289–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00008469-200106000-00014.

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Mikucka, Malgorzata, e Radoslaw Antczak. "Role of individual characteristics and national distancing policies for COVID-19 protective behaviour among older adults: a cross-sectional study of 27 European countries". BMJ Open 13, n. 2 (febbraio 2023): e060291. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-060291.

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ObjectiveEvidence on how individual characteristics and distancing policies during the first wave of COVID-19 together influenced health behaviours is scarce. The objective of this study is to fill in this gap by studying how the propensity to engage in protective behaviours in Europe was shaped by the interplay of individual characteristics and national policies.DesignData on individual behaviour in 27 countries came from the ‘Corona Survey’ module of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe, collected in summer 2020. As outcomes, we considered avoidant behaviours (never leaving home, reducing frequency of walks and reducing frequency of social meetings) and preventive behaviour (wearing a face mask). Among relevant policies, we considered stay-at-home restrictions, mask wearing policies and gathering restrictions. Individual characteristics comprised gender, health risk of COVID-19 (older age and poor health) and activity (employment and providing help to other households).ParticipantsNationally representative samples of older adults (50 years and over), n=51 540 respondents (58% of women).ResultsActive people (employed and helping other households) were more likely to wear face masks but less likely to use avoidant behaviours. People at health risk (older people and those in poor health) were more likely to use all types of protective behaviours. Protective behaviours were also more frequent among women than among men. Longer duration of distancing polices correlated with more frequent protective behaviours. Distancing policies reduced social differences in the rate of protective behaviours only in case of social meetings and mask wearing.ConclusionsProtective behaviours responded to distancing policies, but our results suggest that people used them voluntarily, especially if they were at health risk.

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Weinstein, Neil D., e Judith E. Lyon. "Mindset, optimistic bias about personal risk and health-protective behaviour". British Journal of Health Psychology 4, n. 4 (novembre 1999): 289–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1348/135910799168641.

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Spitzer, Sonja, Mujaheed Shaikh e Daniela Weber. "Older Europeans’ health perception and their adaptive behaviour during the COVID-19 pandemic". European Journal of Public Health 32, n. 2 (3 gennaio 2022): 322–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckab221.

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Abstract Background Although older adults are more vulnerable to the COVID-19 virus, a significant proportion of them do not follow recommended guidelines concerning preventive actions during the ongoing pandemic. This article analyses the role of biased health beliefs for adaptive health behaviour such as reduced mobility, protection in public spaces and hygiene measures, for the population aged 50 and older in 13 European countries. Methods Health perception is measured based on the difference between self-reported health and physical performance tests for over 24 000 individuals included in the most recent Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe. Logistic regressions are employed to explore how over- and underestimating health are related to preventive behaviours. Results Results suggest that older adults who underestimate their health are more likely to show adaptive behaviour related to mobility reductions. In particular, they are more likely to stay at home, shop less and go for walks less often. In contrast, overestimating health is not significantly associated with reduced mobility. Protective behaviour in public spaces and adopting hygiene measures do not vary systematically between health perception groups. Conclusion As health beliefs appear relevant for the adoption of preventive health behaviours related to mobility, they have serious consequences for the health and well-being of older Europeans. Although adaptive behaviour helps to contain the virus, exaggerated mobility reduction in those who underestimate their health might be contributing to the already high social isolation and loneliness of older adults during the ongoing pandemic.

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Starič, Jože, Risto Rautiainen, Jarkko Leppälä, Nataša Janev Holcer, Jožica Ježek, Kristina Drusany Starič e Jaka Jakob Hodnik. "Safety culture regarding zoonoses on domestic ruminant farms". Veterinarska stanica 51, n. 2 (27 marzo 2020): 199–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.46419/vs.51.2.10.

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Veterinarians in buiatric practice, alongside veterinary care and animal welfare, are also responsible for protecting assisting personnel and those working on the holding from zoonoses. Therefore, they need to be knowledgeable about common zoonotic diseases of ruminants, in particular, and protection from their contraction. Veterinarians should know which zoonotic diseases are present in their country and neighbouring countries to be prepared to advise. Zoonotic diseases of ruminants often show no typical clinical presentation, so awareness of self-protective behaviour when dealing with animals in the prevention of zoonoses is very important. This article provides a review of the common zoonoses of domestic ruminants in South-East Europe that are transmitted when handling animals, and their manner of transmission to humans. Safety culture in ruminant production relates to employee attitudes and behaviour concerning health and safety, which also has a significant impact on zoonosis prevention. Improving the safety culture among livestock sector workers and worker behaviours that prevent the risk of zoonoses are also discussed.

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Ho, Robert. "Predicting Intention for Protective Health Behaviour: A test of the Protection versus the Ordered Protection Motivation Model". Australian Journal of Psychology 52, n. 2 (agosto 2000): 110–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00049530008255376.

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Singh Solorzano, Claudio, Maria Serena Panasiti, Alessandra Di Pucchio e Caterina Grano. "The Impact of Positivity and Parochial Altruism on Protective Behaviours during the First COVID-19 Lockdown in Italy". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, n. 16 (16 agosto 2022): 10153. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191610153.

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Implementation of COVID-19 protective behaviours, such as social distancing or frequent hand washing during the lockdown, was critical to prevent the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. In this cross-sectional study, we examined the effect of positivity and parochial altruism on implementing COVID-19 health-protective behaviours during the Italian lockdown. A sample of 460 participants completed an online questionnaire that included demographic measures, Positivity Scale and COVID-19 measures of health-protective behaviours. To measure parochial altruism, we used a hypothetical dictator game played with others who could vary in their social distance from the participants. Results showed that participants in the hypothetical game gave more money to parents and siblings than to best friends, cousins, neighbours, and strangers. Furthermore, both positivity and parochial altruism (more altruism toward close vs. distant people) were positively associated with implementing hygiene behaviours but not with social distancing. Finally, mediation analysis showed that increases in parochial altruism mediated the effect of positivity on hygiene behaviour. These findings extend knowledge about the factors beyond the implementation of COVID-19 health-protective behaviours during a lockdown situation.

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Oo, Kyaw Min, Swe Mar M. Lwin, Khaing L. Mon e Hla H. Win. "COVID-19 risk perception and protective behaviour among service providers at Yangon international airport". International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 9, n. 3 (28 febbraio 2022): 1133. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20220668.

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Background: International travel and trade have been increasing at the greatest rate around the world and at the same time, several emerging and re-emerging public health emergencies are threatening the safety of people. The aim of the study was to assess the knowledge, risk perception, and protective behaviour of COVID-19 among the service providers at the major designated point of entry in Myanmar.Methods: The cross-sectional study was carried out among 216 service providers at Yangon international airport by using online telephone interviews during 2020. Participants with at least 6 months duration of working service (both private and public sectors) in their current area were included. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to determine the factors influencing the protective behaviour of COVID-19. Results: All participants have heard about the COVID-19 pandemic and about (63%) also knew that coronavirus was the causal organism of the pandemic. Of 216 participants, only 18.5% had a low knowledge level. Overall good perception level towards COVID-19 was moderate to high. Majority (81.5%) reported good protective behaviour. Knowledge and perception of participants on COVID-19 did not influence the protective behaviour in this study, however, female (aOR=6.64, 95%CI=1.85, 22.61), and those who had long working hours (12 hours shift) (aOR=3.36, 95% CI=1.60, 7.05) had better protective behaviour on COVID-19. Conclusions: Although few service providers with limited knowledge and protective behaviour, most had good perception levels on COVID-19. Regular risk communication and awareness-raising activities were needed to increase the protective behaviours among the service providers at the airports.

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Cioffi, Jane, Lesley Wilkes e Jess O'Brien. "Outdoor Workers and Sun Protection: Knowledge and Behaviour". Construction Economics and Building 2, n. 2 (17 novembre 2012): 10–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/ajceb.v2i2.2896.

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Outdoor workers are at high risk of developing skin cancer. Primary prevention can potentiallyreduce the incidence of skin cancer in this group. This study aimed to determine theknowledge and sun protective behaviour of outdoor workers towards skin cancer. A shortquestionnaire was used to collect data from workers on construction sites during workinghours. Despite workers having knowledge of the risks of skin cancer their use of sun protectionwas less than satisfactory, particularly considering their cumulative exposure.Workplace health education programs for outdoor workers addressing sun protection areindicated, as is further research to increase understanding of issues workers have withsun protection in the workplace.

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Burshtein, S., B. P. Dohrenwend, I. Levav, N. Werbeloff, M. Davidson e M. Weiser. "Religiosity as a protective factor against suicidal behaviour". Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 133, n. 6 (5 aprile 2016): 481–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/acps.12555.

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Pill, Roisin, e Nigel C.H.Stott. "Looking after themselves: health protective behaviour among British working class women". Health Education Research 1, n. 2 (1986): 111–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/her/1.2.111.

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Ilic, Mirka, Aleksandra Postic-Grujin e Nada Majkic-Singh. "Protection management of working in health laboratories". Jugoslovenska medicinska biohemija 21, n. 4 (2002): 317–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jmh0204317i.

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Protection management of working environment in the laboratories may be implemented only through efficient control of all laboratory hazards, which may be manifested at any time. The protection involves first of all the recognition of the hazards and is implemented by reasonable approach, good behaviour of the personnel, adequate work process in all laboatories and continuing application of good laboratory practice and techniques in the laboatory work. The responsibility for the implementation of safety measures lies primanly on the head of the laboratory i.e. employer but also on the entire personnel. Each clinical-biochemical laboratory must have an official protection programme. Besides, it is upon the employer to provide reliable laboratory procedures constant, supervision over the work of the employees, information on the manner of protection, training, protective equipment and medical protection for the personnel.

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Fonseca-Pedrero, Eduardo, Susana Al-Halabí, Alicia Pérez-Albéniz e Martin Debbané. "Risk and Protective Factors in Adolescent Suicidal Behaviour: A Network Analysis". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, n. 3 (4 febbraio 2022): 1784. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19031784.

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Given that death by suicide continues to rank among the top three causes of death during adolescence, new psychological models may contribute critical insight towards understanding the complex interactions between risk and protective factors in suicidal behaviour. The main objective of this study was to analyse the psychological network structure of suicidal behaviour and putative risk and protective factors in school-aged adolescents. Methods: Stratified random cluster sampling was performed. The final sample comprised 1790 students (53.7% female, M = 15.7 years, SD = 1.26). Instruments were administered to assess suicidal behaviour, emotional and behavioural difficulties, prosocial behaviour, subjective well-being, self-esteem, depressive symptomatology, academic performance, socio-economic status, school engagement, bullying, and cyberbullying. Results: In the estimated psychological network, the node with the highest strength was depressive symptomatology, and that with the highest expected influence value was bullying. Suicidal behaviour was positively connected to symptoms of depression and behavioural problems. In addition, suicidal behaviour was negatively connected to self-esteem and personal well-being. The results of the stability analysis indicated that the network was accurately estimated. Conclusions: Suicidal behaviour can be conceptualised as a dynamic, complex system of cognitive, emotional, and affective characteristics. New psychological models allow us to analyse and understand human behaviour from a new perspective, suggesting new forms of conceptualisation, evaluation, intervention, and prevention.

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Khanal, Shanti Prasad, Edwin Van Teijlingen, Mohan Sharma, Jib Acharya, Chhabita Sharma, Suman Kharel, Uttam Gaulee, Karuna Bhattarai, Rajan Binayak Pasa e Pradeep Bohora. "Risk Perception and Protective Health Measure Regarding COVID-19 among Nepali Labour Migrants’ Returnee from India". KMC Journal 6, n. 1 (31 gennaio 2024): 313–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/kmcj.v6i1.62364.

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Thousands of Nepali migrant workers returned home from India due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. This cross-sectional study examines the association between risk perception and protective behaviour regarding COVID-19 in returnee migrant workers. The study used opportunistic sampling and 384 participants, based in a quarantine center on return from India, volunteered. Using the health belief model (HBM) as a theoretical framework, a structured interview questionnaire was designed and applied as the key data collection tool. Three health workers were interviewed face-to-face. The study showed that the perceived risk of COVID-19 among participants was medium to low. Participants perceived few barriers and had low self-efficacy levels compared to other constructs. This study further showed that participants were more likely to follow a range of protective health behaviours, but not found all. The study revealed a significant association between all risk perception constructs and protective behaviours (p=< 0.05). This study accordingly highlighted a significant relationship between the respondents' risk perception level and protective health behaviours. The study envisaged that public awareness of risk to the people who returned from India is essential to increase risk perception during the outbreak.

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Roffey, Sue. "Building a case for whole-child, whole-school wellbeing in challenging contexts". Educational and Child Psychology 33, n. 2 (giugno 2016): 30–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.53841/bpsecp.2016.33.2.30.

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There is a sometimes a mismatch between the public outcry and sympathy for the adversities children and young people experience, concerns about deteriorating mental health, and what happens in schools when children present with challenging behaviours. This review and discussion paper builds a case for actively promoting protective factors when behaviour is challenging, so that school experiences do not mirror or embed negative life experiences for vulnerable pupils, in effect handing them a ‘double whammy’. The first section provides information on diverse adversities that children in the UK may be experiencing and the impact of these on mental health, learning and behaviour. The second summarises research on resilience and the protective factors that counter the impact of adversity, especially within the school context. The third explores a range of paradigms in addressing challenging behaviours and ways in which these might provide opportunities for enhancing resilience.Throughout the paper the role of the educational psychologist is addressed, looking at what is already being done to support vulnerable young people, their teachers and families. The final section considers how this role might be expanded to incorporate promotion of a pro-active, universal, wellbeing framework in education for both mental health and behaviour.

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Durham, David P., e Elizabeth A. Casman. "Incorporating individual health-protective decisions into disease transmission models: a mathematical framework". Journal of The Royal Society Interface 9, n. 68 (20 luglio 2011): 562–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2011.0325.

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It is anticipated that the next generation of computational epidemic models will simulate both infectious disease transmission and dynamic human behaviour change. Individual agents within a simulation will not only infect one another, but will also have situational awareness and a decision algorithm that enables them to modify their behaviour. This paper develops such a model of behavioural response, presenting a mathematical interpretation of a well-known psychological model of individual decision making, the health belief model, suitable for incorporation within an agent-based disease-transmission model. We formalize the health belief model and demonstrate its application in modelling the prevalence of facemask use observed over the course of the 2003 Hong Kong SARS epidemic, a well-documented example of behaviour change in response to a disease outbreak.

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Hart, Jacqui A., e Gail Kinman. "An examination of the relationships between trait emotional intelligence and health behaviour". Health Psychology Update 17, n. 2 (2008): 3–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.53841/bpshpu.2008.17.2.3.

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Despite evidence to suggest that emotional intelligence (EI) might be a factor in predicting health-related behaviour, this study appears to be the first to systematically examine inter-relationships between these variables. Participants (N=139, 70 per cent female) completed the multidimensional Trait Meta-Mood Scale (Salovey, Mayer, Goldman, Turvey & Palfai, 1995), measuring tendency to attend to (Attention), understand (Clarity) and regulate (Repair) emotions. Positive and negative health behaviours were measured with a 20-item Health Behaviour Checklist (Amir, 1987; Prohaska, Leventhal, Leventhal & Keller, 1985). Significant relationships were found between total EI (r=.20, p<.05), clarity (r=.19, p<.05) and repair (r=.22, p<.01) and positive health behaviours suggesting that individuals higher in EI are more likely to engage in protective health behaviour. No significant relationships were observed between any of the three dimensions of EI and negative health behaviours. The findings of this study suggest that the development of emotional intelligence should be an intrinsic aspect of health promotion strategies.

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Br Karo, Evi Indriani, Diah Lestari Nasution e Febrina Oktavinola Kaban. "Implementasi Perilaku “MEGERMET” dan Pelatihan Pertolongan Pertama Keracunan Akut Pestisida pada Perempuan Tani di Desa Semangat". Jurnal Riset Hesti Medan Akper Kesdam I/BB Medan 8, n. 1 (19 settembre 2023): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.34008/jurhesti.v8i1.303.

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The use of chemical fertilizers (pesticides) is one of the biggest occupational health threats facing by farmer workers, especially women. Improper use of pesticides can have a negative impact on poisoning users. The lack of awareness about the negative effects of chronic diseases caused by exposure to pesticides, lack of information about the risks of using pesticides, resulting in pesticides being often used irresponsibly and inappropriately, both the dosage and practice of using them are inappropriate and unsafe and farmers often do not wear appropriate Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) when using pesticides. This community service aims to improve the health quality of the women farmers in the Semangat village through the implementation of "MEGERMET" behaviours and first aid training for acute pesticide poisoning. The methods used are conducting socialization, health checks, health education about pesticides and their impact on health, procedures to use pesticides correctly through "MEGERMET" behavior, demonstrations how to use personal protective clothing and Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) as well as first aid training on acute pesticide poisoning especially for women who are members of a farmer community in Semangat village. The results of this community service activity shows that there is an increase in the knowledge among women farmers in how to use pesticide safely and properly by 80%, the women farmers at Semangat village are able to implement "MEGERMET" behaviour as a procedure for using pesticides wisely and 80% of women at Semangat village are able to provide first aid for acute pesticide poisoning. Forming an occupational health forum (“Pos UKK”) is believe to be able to continue encouraging women farmer behaviour at Semangat village to improve health and reducing the risk of using pesticides.

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Perski, Olga, Claire Stevens, Robert West e Lion Shahab. "Pilot randomised controlled trial of the Risk Acceptance Ladder (RAL) as a tool for targeting health communications". PLOS ONE 16, n. 11 (15 novembre 2021): e0259949. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0259949.

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Background Improving adherence to self-protective behaviours is a public health priority. We aimed to assess the potential effectiveness and ease of use of an online version of the Risk Acceptance Ladder (RAL) in promoting help-seeking for cigarette smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, insufficient physical activity, or low fruit and vegetable consumption. Methods 843 UK adults were recruited, of whom 602 engaged in at least one risky behaviour. Those with no immediate plans to change (n = 171) completed a behaviour specific RAL. Participants were randomised to one of two conditions; a short message congruent (on-target, n = 73) or incongruent (off-target, n = 98) with their RAL response. Performance of the RAL was assessed by participants’ ability to select an applicable RAL item and reported ease of use of the RAL. Effectiveness was assessed by whether or not participants clicked a link to receive information about changing their target behaviour. Results Two thirds (68.9%, 95% CI = 61.8%-75.3%) of participants were able to select an applicable RAL item that corresponded to what they believed would need to change in order to alter their target behaviour, with 64.9% (95% CI = 57.5%-71.7%) reporting that it was easy to select one option. Compared with the off-target group, participants allocated to the on-target group had greater odds of clicking on the link to receive information (31.5% vs 19.4%; OR = 2.07, 95% CI = 1.01–4.26). Conclusion The Risk Acceptance Ladder may have utility as a tool for tailoring messages to prompt initial steps to engaging in self-protective behaviours.

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Schaner, Simone, Natalie Theys, Marco Angrisani, Joyita Banerjee, Pranali Yogiraj Khobragade, Sarah Petrosyan, Arunika Agarwal et al. "Adherence to COVID-19 protective behaviours in India from May to December 2020: evidence from a nationally representative longitudinal survey". BMJ Open 12, n. 2 (febbraio 2022): e058065. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-058065.

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ObjectivesSince the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, behavioural interventions to reduce disease transmission have been central to public health policy worldwide. Sustaining individual protective behaviour is especially important in low-income and middle-income settings, where health systems have fewer resources and access to vaccination is limited. This study seeks to assess time trends in COVID-19 protective behaviour in India.DesignNationally representative, panel-based, longitudinal study.SettingWe conducted a panel survey of Indian households to understand how the adoption of COVID-19 protective behaviours has changed over time. Our data span peaks and valleys of disease transmission over May–December 2020.ParticipantsRespondents included 3719 adults from 1766 Indian households enrolled in the Harmonised Diagnostic Assessment of Dementia for the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India.AnalysisWe used ordinary least squares regression analysis to quantify time trends in protective behaviours.ResultsWe find a 30.6 percentage point (95% CI (26.7 to 34.5); p<0.01) decline in protective behaviours related to social distancing over the observation period. Mask wearing and handwashing, in contrast, decreased by only 4.3 percentage points (95% CI (0.97 to 7.6); p<0.05) from a high base. Our conclusions are unchanged after adjusting for recorded COVID-19 caseload and nationwide COVID-19 containment policy; we also observe significant declines across socioeconomic strata spanning age, gender, education and urbanicity.ConclusionWe argue that these changes reflect, at least in part, ‘COVID-19 fatigue,’ where adherence to social distancing becomes more difficult over time irrespective of the surrounding disease environment.

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Koźlarek, Marietta, Natalia Błaszczyk, Magdalena Grajek e Sylwia Jaskulska. "Preventive Health Behaviours among Adolescents and Their Parents during the COVID-19 Outbreak in the Light of the Health Beliefs Model". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, n. 24 (19 dicembre 2022): 17060. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192417060.

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This article analysed the relationship between the preventive health behaviours of parents and teenagers during the COVID-19 outbreak, taking the Health Beliefs Model (HBM) as a point of reference. We assumed that parents’ behaviours may be a cue to action for adolescents, looking at their preventive health behaviours regarding vaccination against COVID-19, as well as vaccination intention (among unvaccinated people); wearing protective masks where it is compulsory and where it is not obligatory; and maintaining physical distance and disinfecting hands in public places. The collected data were statistically analysed using the Statistica version 13.3 software package for advanced statistical data analysis. Descriptive statistics and correlation for non-parametric data (Spearman’s correlation) were used. Research on a sample of 201 parents and their children revealed that young people engage in preventive behaviour less frequently than parents, but that the likelihood of such behaviour increases if they have a parent’s cue to action. When formulating recommendations, we considered the gender of the surveyed parents, as the questionnaire was mainly completed by women, which may be an indicator of the unequal involvement in addressing the topic of the pandemic and preventive health behaviours, including attitudes towards vaccines.

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SNELLING, DANA, D. WALTER RASUGU OMARIBA, SUNGJIN HONG, KATHOLIKI GEORGIADES, YVONNE RACINE e MICHAEL H. BOYLE. "HIV/AIDS KNOWLEDGE, WOMEN’S EDUCATION, EPIDEMIC SEVERITY AND PROTECTIVE SEXUAL BEHAVIOUR IN LOW- AND MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIES". Journal of Biosocial Science 39, n. 3 (maggio 2007): 421–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021932006001465.

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Summary.A fundamental public health strategy to reduce the risk of HIV/AIDS is to increase levels of awareness and knowledge about the disease. Although knowledge about HIV/AIDS and protective sexual behaviour are linked theoretically, relatively little is known about their empirical relationship. Using Demographic and Health Survey data from 23 low- and middle-income countries, this study used multilevel logistic regression models: to examine cross-national variability in the relationship between HIV/AIDS knowledge and protective behaviour (condom use and restricted sex); to investigate the moderating influences of women’s educational attainment on this relationship; and to test the extent to which severity of the HIV/AIDS epidemic accounts for cross-national variability in the association between HIV/AIDS knowledge and protective behaviour. There was an association between increased knowledge of HIV/AIDS and condom use that varied in strength and form cross-nationally. This cross-national variation was accounted for partially by the socioeconomic characteristics of women resident in the study countries and between-country differences in the severity of the HIV epidemic. While education modified the association between HIV/AIDS knowledge and protective behaviour – stronger associations at lower levels of education – epidemic severity exerted a stronger influence on behaviour than any other characteristic. Finally, this study indicates that protective sexual practices are disturbingly low. In eight of 23 countries, overall levels of condom use to prevent STDs and HIV/AIDS were less than 5·0%. Waiting for the spread of HIV/AIDS infection to change sexual practices in low- and middle-income countries will result in dramatic unnecessary suffering.

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Facey, Marcia. "‘Maintaining Talk’ among taxi drivers: Accomplishing health-protective behaviour in precarious workplaces". Health & Place 16, n. 6 (novembre 2010): 1259–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.healthplace.2010.08.014.

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Liujing, Fucheng Wan, Khairul Manami Kamarudin, Rosalam Che Me e Ruhaizin Sulaiman. "EXPLORING BEHAVIOUR CHANGE SITUATIONS FOR PANDEMIC PREVENTION AND CONTROL IN PUBLIC SPACES IN HEFEI, CHINA". Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine 22, n. 3 (21 dicembre 2022): 200–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.37268/mjphm/vol.22/no.3/art.1706.

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Protective behaviours – such as wearing face masks, ensuring good hygiene, maintaining social distancing, and limiting physical contact – have been acknowledged as effective non-pharmaceutical solutions for pandemic prevention. However, many people often fail to adhere to these behaviour modifications. To better understand the issue, this study explores individuals' behaviour change situations during the COVID-19 pandemic and proposes appropriate design strategies. To collect valuable data for analysis, the researcher utilized three qualitative methods including observation, nominal group technique (NGT), and a user interview. Five facets of the current behaviour change situation were examined in Hefei, China. These include surveillance, publicity and information dissemination, public facilities and auxiliary tools design, people's attitudes towards behaviour change, and their actual behaviour performance. Moreover, the researchers also examined key challenges and design limitations of behaviour change situations, which were ranked based on voting results from three NGT groups. These theoretical findings may provide valuable insights to guide practical designs and policymaking within the domain of pandemic prevention and control.

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Jalloh, Mohamed F., Aasli A. Nur, Sophia A. Nur, Maike Winters, Jamie Bedson, Danielle Pedi, Dimitri Prybylski et al. "Behaviour adoption approaches during public health emergencies: implications for the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond". BMJ Global Health 6, n. 1 (gennaio 2021): e004450. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2020-004450.

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Human behaviour will continue to play an important role as the world grapples with public health threats. In this paper, we draw from the emerging evidence on behaviour adoption during diverse public health emergencies to develop a framework that contextualises behaviour adoption vis-à-vis a combination of top-down, intermediary and bottom-up approaches. Using the COVID-19 pandemic as a case study, we operationalise the contextual framework to demonstrate how these three approaches differ in terms of their implementation, underlying drivers of action, enforcement, reach and uptake. We illustrate how blended strategies that include all three approaches can help accelerate and sustain protective behaviours that will remain important even when safe and effective vaccines become more widely available. As the world grapples with the COVID-19 pandemic and prepares to respond to (re)emerging public health threats, our contextual framework can inform the design, implementation, tracking and evaluation of comprehensive public health and social measures during health emergencies.

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Odimegwu, Clifford, Oluwaseyi Dolapo Somefun e Vesper H. Chisumpa. "REGIONAL DIFFERENCES IN POSITIVE SEXUAL BEHAVIOUR AMONG YOUTH IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA". Journal of Biosocial Science 51, n. 2 (10 aprile 2018): 254–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002193201800010x.

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SummaryThe question of youth sexual behaviour has been widely debated, with researchers such as Berhan and Berhan (2015) arguing that young adults aged 15–24 are more likely to engage in risky behaviours. However, research has not adequately addressed the issue of positive sexual behaviours, in particular among young people in sub-Saharan Africa. Adapting the compensatory model of risk and resiliency theory, this study examined the determinants of positive sexual behaviours among youth in sub-Saharan Africa. Using recent data from Demographic and Health Surveys of sixteen countries representative of each African region (East, West, Southern and Central), it was hypothesized that positive sexual behaviours of youth (condom use at last sex and single sexual partnership) would be most strengthened by protective factors at the individual and family levels, and that these behaviours would differ by region due to regional variation in socio-cultural practices. Delayed age at sexual debut (first sex after the age of 15) was found to be the strongest protective factor for positive sexual behaviours among males and females in sub-Saharan Africa. Certain socioeconomic variables were found to be positively associated with positive sexual behaviours and the associations differed by gender.

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Brayne, C., K. A. Do, L. Green e A. C. Green. "Is health protective behaviour in adolescents related to personality? A study of sun protective behaviour and the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (junior version) in Queensland". Personality and Individual Differences 25, n. 5 (novembre 1998): 889–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0191-8869(98)00071-3.

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Vangara, Sri Hari. "HEALTH PROMOTING BEHAVIOUR AMONG SECONDARY SCHOOL CHILDREN WITH RESPECT TO GENDER". SCHOLARLY RESEARCH JOURNAL FOR HUMANITY SCIENCE AND ENGLISH LANGUAGE 9, n. 48 (1 dicembre 2021): 11867–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.21922/srjhsel.v9i48.8252.

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The way in which people care for their health affects not only their health, but also their well-being, quality of life, and work ability. The lifestyle and health behavior have a significant impact on health, whereas a lack of pro-health behavior may cause the risk of many diseases and mortality, especially among men. The Health awareness includes different protective measures to maintain and improve health. Ultimate goal of the instructional health services programme is the attainment of physical, mental and emotional health of every student to the optimum level, which enables them to acquire desirable health habits. The quality and the quantity of health of an individual depends upon the conditions of human body. The present study was conducted on 320 children from Medchal district of Telangana State studying in Class IX. The result reveals that there was a significant difference in health promoting behaviour among secondary school students with respect to gender.

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Cheng, Y., M. Tao, L. Riley, L. Kann, L. Ye, X. Tian, B. Tian, J. Hu e D. Chen. "Protective factors relating to decreased risks of adolescent suicidal behaviour". Child: Care, Health and Development 35, n. 3 (maggio 2009): 313–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2214.2009.00955.x.

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Schneider, Sven, Katharina Diehl, Laura Schilling, Maria Spengler, Rüdiger Greinert e Tatiana Görig. "Occupational UV Exposure and Sun-Protective Behaviour in German Outdoor Workers". Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 60, n. 11 (novembre 2018): 961–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/jom.0000000000001397.

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Martin-Lapoirie, Dylan, Alberto d’Onofrio, Kathleen McColl e Jocelyn Raude. "Testing a simple and frugal model of health protective behaviour in epidemic times". Epidemics 42 (marzo 2023): 100658. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epidem.2022.100658.

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Peltzer, Karl, Supa Pengpid e Tawatchai Apidechkul. "Heavy Internet use and its associations with health risk and health-promoting behaviours among Thai university students". International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health 26, n. 2 (1 maggio 2014): 187–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijamh-2013-0508.

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Abstract The Internet provides significant benefits for learning about the world, but excessive Internet use can lead to negative outcomes. The aim of this study was to determine the associations between heavy Internet use and health-promoting behaviour, health risk behaviour and health outcomes among university students. The sample included 860 undergraduate university students chosen at random from Mae Fah Luang University in Thailand. Of the participants, 27.3% were male and and 72.7% were female in the age range of 18–25 years (M age=20.1 years, SD=1.3). Overall, students spent on average 5.3 h (SD=2.6) per day on the internet, and 35.3% engaged in heavy internet use (6 or more hours per day). In multivariate logistic regression adjusting for sociodemographics, lack of dental check-ups, three health risk behaviours (sedentary lifestyle, illicit drug use and gambling) and three health outcomes [being underweight, overweight or obese and having screened positive for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)] were found to be associated with heavy Internet use. The results from this study may support the importance of developing early protective and preventive actions against problematic Internet use to promote university student health.

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Lasheen, Reham A., Paul Kavanagh, Brian Doyle, Cheyenne Downey, Rikke Siersbaek, Debbi Stanistreet e Frank Doyle. "Facilitators and Barriers to Implementation of Financial Incentive Interventions for Health Behaviour Change: A Systematic Review Protocol". HRB Open Research 7 (26 luglio 2024): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/hrbopenres.13923.1.

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Background Health behaviours, whether protective or harmful in nature, significantly impact health outcomes. Nevertheless, it is recognised that adherence to a healthy lifestyle and enabling behaviour change remains a significant challenge. In efforts to optimise healthcare delivery to ensure positive health outcomes, behavioural economics has provided critical insights on various tools aimed at behaviour change, one of which is financial incentives. However, financial incentive programmes are complex, heterogeneous in design and context-dependant which renders them challenging to implement in real-life settings. Hence, careful consideration to facilitators of and barriers to their implementation to maximise their use is warranted. Aim This study aims to investigate the factors that influence the implementation of financial incentive programmes targeted at any behaviour change in real-life settings, as reported by key stakeholders, to guide future implementation initiatives. We will also conduct a sensitivity analysis comparing smoking to other behaviours, given its significant detrimental impact on health outcomes and its role in widening health disparities. Methods A systematic review in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Rapid Review 2020 guidelines, as well as expert recommendations, will be undertaken, to identify stakeholder-reported challenges and enablers of implementation of financial incentive programmes globally. Seven electronic databases, including MEDLINE, EMBASE and CENTRAL, will be searched for papers published from inception to June 2024. A narrative synthesis of the findings will be presented and subsequently mapped to the Theoretical Domains Framework and the Behaviour Change Wheel. Sensitivity analysis comparing findings from smoking studies will be compared to other behaviours. Ethics and dissemination Ethical approval is not required for the review. The protocol and rapid review will be submitted to an open-access peer-reviewed journal for publication. The review findings will allow for the design of effective financial incentive interventions informed by theory, which are adaptable and applicable across various settings.

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McLeod, Geraldine F. H., Anthony I. Reeder, Andrew R. Gray e Rob McGee. "Unintended Sunburn: A Potential Target for Sun Protection Messages". Journal of Skin Cancer 2017 (2017): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/6902942.

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New Zealand (NZ) has the highest melanoma incidence rate in the world. Primary prevention efforts focus on reducing sunburn incidence and increasing sun protective practices in the population. However, sunburn from excessive ultraviolet radiation (UVR) remains common. To reduce sunburn incidence, it is important to examine those individuals who experience unintended sunburn. This study aims to use data from the NZ Triennial Sun Protection Survey to describe respondents who were not intending to tan but were sunburnt after outdoor UVR exposure. Information on sociodemographics, concurrent weather conditions, sun protection attitudes and knowledge, and outdoor behaviour was also collected. The results showed 13.5% of respondents’ experienced unintended sunburn during the survey weekend but had not attempted to obtain a tan that summer. Respondents who reported unintended sunburn were more likely than others to have been near water and in unshaded areas, used sunscreen, had higher SunSmart knowledge scores, had lower positive attitudes towards tanning, and were outdoors for a longer duration with less body coverage. As sunburn was unintended these respondents’ outdoor sun protective behaviours may be amenable to change. Future public health initiatives should focus on increasing sun protection (clothing and shade) and reducing potential barriers to sun protection.

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Quin, Daniel. "Levels of problem behaviours and risk and protective factors In suspended and non-suspended students". Educational and Developmental Psychologist 36, n. 01 (24 maggio 2019): 8–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/edp.2019.4.

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External suspension from school is a common disciplinary practice in traditionally English-speaking countries. Few studies have sought student perceptions of school suspension, as well as measures of problem behaviours and emotional problems, and known factors that influence the development of antisocial behaviour, to examine associations between these variables. Three hundred and four adolescents, aged 12–17 years, from five schools in southern Australia completed a self-report questionnaire that asked about behavioural and mental health problems, and risk and protective factors known to be associated with suspension. Seventy-four of the participants had been previously suspended from school at least once. Having been previously suspended was associated with a greater level of problem behaviours and emotions, poor family management, low school commitment, reduced supportive teacher relationships, and interactions with antisocial peers. School suspension appears likely to be applied to students who lack the ability to self-regulate their behaviours and emotional problems in the classroom. By excluding students from school, pre-existing behavioural problems may be exacerbated by diminishing school protective factors and increasing exposure to known risk factors. Adolescents most at risk of being suspended would benefit from alternative school behaviour management policies and procedures that maintain the school as a protective factor.

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Ng, Lauren C., Catherine M. Kirk, Frederick Kanyanganzi, Mary C. Smith Fawzi, Vincent Sezibera, Evelyne Shema, Justin I. Bizimana, Felix R. Cyamatare e Theresa S. Betancourt. "Risk and protective factors for suicidal ideation and behaviour in Rwandan children". British Journal of Psychiatry 207, n. 3 (settembre 2015): 262–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.114.154591.

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BackgroundSuicide is a leading cause of death for young people. Children living in sub-Saharan Africa, where HIV rates are disproportionately high, may be at increased risk.AimsTo identify predictors, including HIV status, of suicidal ideation and behaviour in Rwandan children aged 10–17.MethodMatched case–control study of 683 HIV-positive, HIV-affected (seronegative children with an HIV-positive caregiver), and unaffected children and their caregivers.ResultsOver 20% of HIV-positive and affected children engaged in suicidal behaviour in the previous 6 months, compared with 13% of unaffected children. Children were at increased risk if they met criteria for depression, were at high-risk for conduct disorder, reported poor parenting or had caregivers with mental health problems.ConclusionsPolicies and programmes that address mental health concerns and support positive parenting may prevent suicidal ideation and behaviour in children at increased risk related to HIV.

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Somefun, Oluwaseyi Dolapo, e Funke Fayehun. "Ethnic affiliation and protective sexual behaviours among youth in Nigeria". Journal of Biosocial Science 56, n. 4 (luglio 2024): 767–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021932024000257.

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AbstractInvesting in the sexual and reproductive health of young adults can directly and indirectly contribute to accelerated economic growth. Looking beyond individual determinants of sexual behaviours and focusing on cultural factors such as ethnic affiliation are crucial for interventions and programme planning, particularly in a context like Nigeria. Using a concurrent triangulation mixed-methods design, this article explores the associations between ethnic affiliations and protective sexual behaviours of young adults in Nigeria. The quantitative data was derived from a representative sample of 1,393 male and female youth aged 16–24 years in three states purposively selected from three regions in Nigeria, while qualitative data was based on 18 focus groups and 36 in-depth interviews. The quantitative data was analysed using frequency distributions and regressions, while content analysis was employed to analyse qualitative data. Descriptive results showed that abstinence was higher for Hausa (80%) young adults compared with Yoruba (72%) and Igbo (68%) young adults. Condom use was lowest for Hausa (56%) young adults compared with Igbo (80%) and Yoruba (81%) young adults. The effect of education on abstinence differed by ethnicity and living with two parents was associated with a higher likelihood of abstinence among youth in all ethnic groups. Fear of early fatherhood and unplanned pregnancy was a prominent reason for protective sexual behaviour among Yoruba, Igbo, and Hausa young adults. The findings from this study show that young adults who engage in protective sexual behaviours may identify different rationales for this behaviour based on their ethnic background. Programme planners interested in promoting and encouraging protective sexual behaviours should recognize these multiple reasons across different ethnic affiliations to scale up and sustain existing interventions.

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Mya, Kyaw S., Aye S. M., Win A. Hlaing, Su S. Hlaing, Thida Aung, Swe M. M. Lwin, Ei S. U., Thandar Tun, Kyawt S. Lwin e Hla H. Win. "Awareness, perceived risk and protective behaviours of Myanmar adults on COVID-19". International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 7, n. 5 (24 aprile 2020): 1627. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20201530.

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Background: COVID-19 was originated from Wuhan city, China in December 2019 and spread very fast to all over the world. This study was carried out to assess the awareness, perceived risk and protective behaviours of Myanmar adults on COVID-19.Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted using face to face interview method among 597 adults from Yangon and Bago regions. Binary logistic regression analysis was done to determine the factors influencing on practicing protective behaviours and the results were described by adjusted odds ratios (aOR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).Results: Almost all, 584 (98%) of 597 respondents, have heard about COVID-19. Among those 584 respondents, 87% had low knowledge level. Risk perception level towards COVID-19 was moderate to high. Regarding perception to information in social media, about 36% of the respondents agreed on sharing news from social media without verifying the sources. Only 22% reported good protective behaviours. Multivariable analysis revealed that knowledge score (aOR=1.19, 95% CI- 1.08-1.30) was significantly and positively influenced the protective behaviours. The odds of protective behaviour of participants from Ayeyarwaddy (aOR=0.41, 95% CI- 0.19-0.91) and other states and regions (aOR=0.49, 95% CI- 0.24-0.99) were significantly less than those of participants from Yangon.Conclusions: The study concluded that community has no enough knowledge and inadequate protective behaviours to prevent COVID-19. The awareness raising activities and mass media health education should urgently be conducted focusing on hand washing, cough etiquette, social distancing behaviours and responsibility to inform suspected cases to local health authority to prevent COVID-19. Further research using nationally represented sample are warranted.

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Kasilingam, Thavan, e C. Thangavelu. "Synergistic Effect of Cationic Surfactants in Adsorption". International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy 83 (14 agosto 2019): 31–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.56431/p-4i67c5.

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The corrosion behaviour of cationic surfactants, namely: cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) and dodecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (DTAB), have been used as corrosion inhibitors for carbon steel in well water. Protection efficiencies of the studied surfactants were depended on the hydrophobic chain length and concentration of the surfactants. The results shows that the order of protection efficiency is CTAB > DTAB. Tafel curves showed these surfactants are acting as an anodic inhibitors. Nyquist curves revealed that a protective film is formed on the metal surface. FTIR spectra suggest that the tested surfactants protective film consists of Fe2+-CTAB, Fe2+-DTAB and Zn(OH)2. Protection efficiency values and synergism parameters obtained weight loss; potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy are consistent.

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Allington, D., B. Duffy, S. Wessely, N. Dhavan e J. Rubin. "Health-protective behaviour, social media usage and conspiracy belief during the COVID-19 public health emergency – CORRIGENDUM". Psychological Medicine 51, n. 10 (6 aprile 2021): 1770. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291721000593.

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Nikula, Minna, Päivikki Koponen, Elina Haavio-Mannila e Elina Hemminki. "Sexual health among young adults in Finland: Assessing risk and protective behaviour through a general health survey". Scandinavian Journal of Public Health 35, n. 3 (maggio 2007): 298–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14034940701269654.

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Barnová, Silvia, Viola Tamášová e Slávka Krásna. "The Role of Resilience in Coping with Negative Parental Behaviour". Acta Educationis Generalis 9, n. 2 (1 agosto 2019): 93–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/atd-2019-0010.

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AbstractIntroduction: Negative parental behaviour is among the significant risk factors that can have a negative impact on an individual’s development. In certain contexts, when appropriate protective factors are available, individuals deal with adversity better and it does not come to a decrease in their social performance nor their achievement in various spheres of life.Purpose: The purpose of the presented paper is to provide a literature review on the role of resilience in dealing with harsh circumstances when negative parental behaviour occurs in a family.Methods: In the study, the traditional desk research method was used to gather data.Conclusions: Exposure to negative parental behaviour – including abuse and neglect, as well as domestic violence, can have detrimental consequences for children’s health and welfare. Under such circumstances, protective factors available to children play a significant role. Exposure to negative parental behaviour, including abuse and neglect, as well as domestic violence, can have detrimental consequences for children’s health and welfare. Under such circumstances, protective factors available to children play a significant role. If a family fails to protect a child or even represents a risk factor in the child’s life, the importance of other social institutions, such as schools, church, peer groups, etc., increases, as both internal and external protective factors are important. They can provide children at risk with support, help them develop own coping strategies and foster their resilience in order to overcome significant adversity in their families without serious harm. An individual’s resilience is a decisive factor in the process of dealing with threatening situations.

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Shah, Anuradha Kunal, Prabhadevi Ravichandran e Prabhu Ravichandran. "COVID-19 pandemic: insights into human behaviour". International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 7, n. 10 (25 settembre 2020): 4213. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20204399.

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COVID-19 has placed an overwhelming burden on health care systems and authorities. In the absence of a vaccine or definitive treatment, widespread social and behavioral changes are critical in mitigating the impact. These are highly influenced by risk perception by the public, protective and preparedness behaviors, and effective communication. Here we have highlighted some of the commonly seen human behaviors during a pandemic crisis.

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Minaka, Ida Ayu Dwi Astuti, Anak Agung Sagung Sawitri e Dewa Nyoman Wirawan. "Association of Pesticide Use and Personal Protective Equipments with Health Complaints among Horticulture Farmers in Buleleng, Bali". Public Health and Preventive Medicine Archive 4, n. 1 (1 luglio 2016): 74–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.53638/phpma.2016.v4.i1.p13.

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Background and purpose: Uses of highly toxic pesticides mostly occur in developing countries, including Indonesia. Farmers at Pancasari village in Bali were active pesticide users, that potential for pesticide poisoning. Pesticides and personal protective equipment (PPE) use and their relationship with health complaints on farmers in that region are not well known. Methods: Cross sectional survey was conducted among 87 horticultural farmers. Univariate, bivariate (chi square test) and multivariate (using logistic regression) analysis were conducted to understand relationship between health complaints related to pesticides used (at least two health complaints of: headache, itching, fatigue and nausea) with socio-demographics, knowledge and use of pesticides and PPE behaviour. Results: The majority (94.3%) of farmers aged less than 30 years and 81.6% were male with secondary education or lower (78.2%). More than half (54.1%) farmers had moderate knowledge about pesticides and PPE, however they had poor behaviour. A total of 60.9% farmers experienced specific health complaints. Health complaints were associated with use of organophosphate (AOR=3.74; 95%CI: 1.33- 10.48), number of days use of work clothes before being washed (AOR=1.37; 95%CI: 1.08-1.75), not wearing long-sleeve clothes when mixing pesticide (AOR=0.25; 95%CI: 0.09-0.76) and not wearing a mask when spraying pesticide (AOR=0.18; 95%CI: 0.05-0.69). Conclusion: Health complaints were associated with type of organophosfat pesticide, behavior of work clothes used before being washed and inadequate use of personal protective equipments.

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Chester, Kayleigh L., Josefine Magnusson, Ellen Klemera, Neil H. Spencer e Fiona Brooks. "The Mitigating Role of Ecological Health Assets in Adolescent Cyberbullying Victimization". Youth & Society 51, n. 3 (18 ottobre 2016): 291–317. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0044118x16673281.

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Over the last decade, cyberbullying has emerged as a public health concern among young people. Cyberbullying refers to intentional harmful behaviors and communication carried out repeatedly using electronic media. Considerable research has demonstrated the detrimental and long-lasting effects of cyberbullying involvement. This article draws on a social–ecological perspective to identify protective health assets from across the multiple environmental domains of the adolescent that may mitigate against experiencing cyberbullying. Data were collected from 5,335 students aged 11, 13, and 15 years who participated in the 2014 World Health Organization Health Behaviour in School-aged Children Study for England. Protective health assets were identified at the family (family communication), school (school sense of belonging and teacher support), and neighborhood (neighborhood sense of belonging) levels. In particular, the findings draw attention to the protective role fathers can play in supporting young people.

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Nic Gabhainn, S., H. Young e L. Burke. "Sexual Behaviour among Adolescents in Ireland: Findings from the Health Behaviour in School Aged Children (HBSC) Study". Klinička psihologija 9, n. 1 (13 giugno 2016): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.21465/2016-kp-op-0068.

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Objective: Tackling adolescent sexual health problems and promoting positive sexual health has been widely acknowledged in health policies across Ireland. Increasingly emphasis is placed on integrating empirical evidence at policy and practice level, however limited data on Irish adolescents’ sexual behaviour are available. This study presents the first nationally representative and internationally comparable data on adolescent sexual behaviour in Ireland. Design and Method: Questionnaire data were collected from a stratified national sample of 4494 schoolchildren aged 15-18 as part of the Health Behaviour in School aged Children study. Results: Overall, 28.8% of boys and 22.8% of girls were sexually initiated, with clear age and social class gradients. Substance use and living in poorer neighborhoods were predictive of sexual initiation. While there were no systematic urban/rural differences, living with both parents was protective. Very early sexual initiation (<14 years) was associated with male gender and rural dwelling, and for girls with smoking and cannabis use. Non-use of contraception at last intercourse was reported by 10.5% of boys and 6.8% of girls; with age and social class gradients. Condom use was predicted by self-care behaviours such as physical activity and seat-belt use, but not by substance use. Conclusions: For the first time, data have been collected which improve our understanding of adolescent sexual behaviour in Ireland. The findings highlight the importance of focusing on adolescents as a distinct population subgroup with unique influences on their sexual health requiring specifically targeted policy and interventions.

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