Articoli di riviste: "H61 .h36 2012"

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Neffe-Skocińska, Katarzyna, Katarzyna Dybka-Stępień e Hubert Antolak. "Izolacja i identyfikacja szczepów bakterii kwasu octowego o potencjalnych właściwościach prozdrowotnych". Zywnosc Nauka Technologia Jakosc/Food Science Technology Quality 120, n. 3 (2019): 183–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.15193/zntj/2019/120/307.

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Celem pracy była izolacja i identyfikacja szczepów bakterii kwasu octowego (AAB) w systemie polifazowym oraz wstępne zdefiniowanie in vitro ich potencjalnych właściwości probiotycznych w warunkach laboratoryjnych. Materiał do izolacji bakterii kwasu octowego stanowiły owoce sezonowe pochodzące z lokalnych upraw z województwa mazowieckiego i łódzkiego oraz kultura startowa do produkcji Kombuchy. Identyfikację szczepów przeprowadzono z zastosowaniem systemu polifazowego bazującego na charakterystyce morfologicznej, uzdolnieniach biochemicznych i identyfikacji genetycznej. Na podstawie otrzymanych wyników utworzono kolekcję szczepów AAB bezpiecznych dla zdrowia ludzi, następnie określono antybiotykowrażliwość na 12 wybranych substancji bakteriobójczych i wykonano testy in vitro przeżywalności wyselekcjonowanych szczepów w warunkach modelowego przewodu pokarmowego człowieka. Na podstawie analizy fenotypu i sekwencjonowania genu 16S rRNA spośród 9 izolatów bakterii kwasu octowego do badań wybrano 3 szczepy należące do gatunku Gluconobacter oxydans: H31 wyizolowany z czarnej porzeczki oraz H30 i H32 – z kultury startowej do produkcji herbaty Kombucha. Stwierdzono, że 2 szczepy: G. oxydans H30 wyizolowany z Kombuchy i G. oxydans H31 pochodzący z czarnej porzeczki charakteryzują się dobrą przeżywalnością średnio na poziomie 6 log jtk/ml podczas pasażu przez modelowy układ pokarmowy człowieka i tym samym spełniają jedno z podstawowych kryteriów dla bakterii potencjalnie probiotycznych. Wszystkie badane szczepy wykazywały zbliżoną antybiotykowrażliwość. Przeprowadzona diagnostyka wyselekcjonowanych szczepów bakterii kwasu octowego stanowi podstawę do dalszych badań tych mikroorganizmów w kierunku potwierdzenia pozostałych cech probiotycznych.

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Brankovic-Radojcic, Dragana, Vojka Babic, Zdenka Girek, Tomislav Zivanovic, Aleksandar Radojĉic, Milomir Filipovic e Jelena Srdic. "Evaluation of maize grain yield and yield stability by AMMI analysis". Genetika 50, n. 3 (2018): 1067–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gensr1803067b.

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Significant genotype x environment interaction for quantitative traits, such is grain yield, reduces the usefulness of genotype means, over all environments, for selecting superior genotypes. AMMI model is a valuable statistical tool in identifying systemic variation contained in the interaction effect. Obtained data could be applied in maximizing yield potential in every environment based on both narrow and wide genotype adaptability, without the necessity of developing breeding programs for smaller targeted environments. Precise assortment of superior genotypes, with the assistance of AMMI model, leads to the better recommendation of newly bred hybrids, and thus increasing maize grain yield in a targeted environment. In this research genotype x environment interaction and yield stability of 36 maize hybrids of FAO 300-700 maturity group was investigating. The trial was set according to Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). Data were processed in order to obtain average estimates of grain yield, and yield stability was assessed by the method of AMMI analysis. The highest average grain yield was achieved in 2011 (11.62 t/ha), and the lowest in the most stressful and dry 2012 (6.90 t/ha). In the region Loznica L2 the highest average yield was noticed (13.81 t/ha), while at L7 (Sremska Mitrovica) average grain yield was the lowest (6.97 t/ha). Results of AMMI analysis gave precise recommendation for production of maize hybrids in certain environments, by determining winning areas of hybrids H20, H11 and H36. Medium early maturing and high yielding hybrids (H11 and H20) are therefore considered more favorable for production in environments with lower precipitation, while high yielding and more stable hybrids H21 and H35 are suitable for a wider range of environments. Hybrid H36 (FAO 700) showed its full potential at L2, and L3 which did not suffer from a lack of moisture. This hybrid also expressed its best potential in environments with favorable conditions.

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Mertens, Karel, e Morten O. Ravn. "The Dynamic Effects of Personal and Corporate Income Tax Changes in the United States: Reply". American Economic Review 109, n. 7 (1 luglio 2019): 2679–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.20180707.

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In this reply to a comment by Jentsch and Lunsford, we show that the evidence for economic and statistically significant macroeconomic effects of tax changes in Mertens and Ravn (2013) remains present for a range of asymptotically valid inference methods. (JEL E23, E62, H24, H25, H31, H32)

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Jentsch, Carsten, e Kurt G. Lunsford. "The Dynamic Effects of Personal and Corporate Income Tax Changes in the United States: Comment". American Economic Review 109, n. 7 (1 luglio 2019): 2655–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.20162011.

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Mertens and Ravn (2013) estimate impulse response functions (IRFs) from income tax changes in a structural vector autoregression (SVAR) by using narrative accounts of tax liability changes as proxy variables. To produce confidence intervals for their IRFs, they use a residual-based wild bootstrap, which has subsequently become popular in the proxy SVAR literature. We argue that their wild bootstrap is not valid, producing confidence intervals that are much too small. Using a residual-based moving block bootstrap that is proven to be asymptotically valid, we reestimate confidence intervals for Mertens and Ravn’s (2013) IRFs and find no statistically significant effects of tax changes on output, labor, and investment. (JEL E23, E62, H24, H25, H31, H32)

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Cao, Haipeng, Yibin Yang, Liqun Lu, Xianle Yang e Xiaohui Ai. "Effect of copper sulfate on Bdellovibrio growth and bacteriolytic activity towards gibel carp-pathogenic Aeromonas hydrophila". Canadian Journal of Microbiology 64, n. 12 (dicembre 2018): 1054–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjm-2018-0165.

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The use of bdellovibrios has been regarded as an alternative to control multidrug-resistant pathogens and fish bacteriosis. However, scarce information is available on the potential of bdellovibrios in the presence of copper sulfate, which is an algicide widely used to treat cyanobacterial blooms in aquaculture. In the present study, the effects of copper sulfate at sublethal and lethal levels (0.1 and 1.0 mg·L−1) on Bdellovibrio sp. strain BDF-H16 were evaluated. The growth of Bdellovibrio sp. strain BDF-H16 was significantly promoted by both concentrations of copper sulfate, but less so by the lethal concentration. The bacteriolysis of gibel carp-pathogenic Aeromonas hydrophila by Bdellovibrio sp. strain BDF-H16 was also stimulated by copper sulfate in both solid and liquid media. However, Bdellovibrio sp. strain BDF-H16 with 0.1 mg·L−1 copper sulfate clearly inhibited infection of gibel carps by A. hydrophila better than Bdellovibrio sp. strain BDF-H16 with 1.0 mg·L−1 copper sulfate did.

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Montazer, Zahra, Mohammad B. Habibi Najafi e David B. Levin. "Microbial degradation of low-density polyethylene and synthesis of polyhydroxyalkanoate polymers". Canadian Journal of Microbiology 65, n. 3 (marzo 2019): 224–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjm-2018-0335.

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We have characterized the ability of eight bacterial strains to utilize powdered low-density polyethylene (LDPE) plastic (untreated and without any additives) as a sole carbon source. Cell mass production on LDPE-containing medium after 21 days of incubation varied between 0.083 ± 0.015 g/L cell dry mass (cdm) for Micrococcus luteus IRN20 and 0.39 ± 0.036 g/L for Cupriavidus necator H16. The percent decrease in LDPE mass ranged from 18.9% ± 0.72% for M. luteus IRN20 to 33.7% ± 1.2% for C. necator H16. Linear alkane hydrolysis products from LDPE degradation were detected in the culture media, and the carbon chain lengths of the hydrolysis products detected varied, depending on the species of bacteria. We also determined that C. necator H16 produced short-chain-length polyhydroxyalkanoate biopolymers, while Pseudomonas putida LS46 and Acinetobacter pittii IRN19 produced medium-chain-length biopolymers while growing on polyethylene powder. Cupriavidus necator H16 accumulated poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHB-V) polymers to 3.18% ± 0.4% of cdm. The monomer composition of the PHB-V was 94.9% ± 0.61% 3-hydroxybutyrate and 5.03% ± 0.56% 3-hydroxyvalerate. This is the first report that provides direct evidence for simultaneous bioconversion of LDPE plastic to biodegradable polyhydroxyalkanoate polymers.

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7

Xia, Xiaodong, Jianghong Meng, Patrick F. McDermott, Sherry Ayers, Karen Blickenstaff, Thu-Thuy Tran, Jason Abbott, Jie Zheng e Shaohua Zhao. "Presence and Characterization of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli and Other Potentially Diarrheagenic E. coli Strains in Retail Meats". Applied and Environmental Microbiology 76, n. 6 (15 gennaio 2010): 1709–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.01968-09.

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ABSTRACT To determine the presence of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) and other potentially diarrheagenic E. coli strains in retail meats, 7,258 E. coli isolates collected by the U.S. National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System (NARMS) retail meat program from 2002 to 2007 were screened for Shiga toxin genes. In addition, 1,275 of the E. coli isolates recovered in 2006 were examined for virulence genes specific for other diarrheagenic E. coli strains. Seventeen isolates (16 from ground beef and 1 from a pork chop) were positive for stx genes, including 5 positive for both stx 1 and stx 2, 2 positive for stx 1, and 10 positive for stx 2. The 17 STEC strains belonged to 10 serotypes: O83:H8, O8:H16, O15:H16, O15:H17, O88:H38, ONT:H51, ONT:H2, ONT:H10, ONT:H7, and ONT:H46. None of the STEC isolates contained eae, whereas seven carried enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) hlyA. All except one STEC isolate exhibited toxic effects on Vero cells. DNA sequence analysis showed that the stx 2 genes from five STEC isolates encoded mucus-activatable Stx2d. Subtyping of the 17 STEC isolates by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) yielded 14 distinct restriction patterns. Among the 1,275 isolates from 2006, 11 atypical enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) isolates were identified in addition to 3 STEC isolates. This study demonstrated that retail meats, mainly ground beef, were contaminated with diverse STEC strains. The presence of atypical EPEC strains in retail meat is also of concern due to their potential to cause human infections.

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Rauh, Joshua, e Ryan Shyu. "Behavioral Responses to State Income Taxation of High Earners: Evidence from California". American Economic Journal: Economic Policy 16, n. 1 (1 febbraio 2024): 34–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/pol.20200500.

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Using administrative data, we analyze the response to Proposition 30, a 2012 measure that increased California marginal tax rates by up to 3 percentage points for high-income households. Relative to baseline departure rates, an additional 0.8 percent of the residential tax base that landed in the top bracket left California in 2013. Using matched out-of-state taxpayers as controls reveals an income elasticity with respect to the marginal net-of-tax rate of 2.5–3.2 for high earners who stayed. These responses eroded 45.2 percent of state windfall tax revenues within the first year and 60.9 percent within 2 years, driven largely by the intensive margin. (JEL D91, H24, H31, H71, H73, J61, R23)

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9

Peter, Baláž. "Results of the second phase of deep-sea polymetallic nodules geological survey in Interoceanmetal Joint Organization licence area (2016–2021)". Mineralia Slovaca 54, n. 2 (23 gennaio 2022): 95–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.56623/ms.2022.54.2.1.

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The exploration rights of the Interoceanmetal Joint Organization for exploration of polymetallic nodules (PMN) are granted from 29 March 2001 to an area located within the Clarion-Clipperton Zone (CCZ) in the eastern central Pacifi c Ocean. Exploration area covers 75,000 km2 and consists of two sectors (B1 and B2). The B2 sector comprises four exploration blocks (H11, H22, H33 and H44). The most prospective area, selected for detailed research, is marked as H22_NE exploitable block and delineated within the H22 exploration block. The article presents results of geological survey, based mostly on the data collected during the second phase of exploration in the licence area (2016–2021, extension of the contract). Results are based on IOM’s expeditions and relevant analytical work. During the IOM-2018 expedition high resolution bathymetric survey of H11, H22, H33 and H44 exploration blocks was carried out. The IOM-2019 expedition provided a new set of the data obtained using the distance methods (side-scan sonar, profi ler) and contact methods (box-corer and gravity corer) in H22_NE exploitable block, H33 exploration block and preliminary delineated Preservation Reference Zone. The study was focused on analytical work based on sediment and nodule analyses of samples in H22 exploration block and H22_NE exploitation block. New estimation of mineral resources in B2 sector was caried out using the geostatistical method of ordinary block kriging with Yamamoto correction. The polymetallic nodule resources have been classifi ed within the Inferred, Indicated and Measured Resources categories of the CRIRSCO classifi cation system.

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Lundstrom, Samuel. "The Impact of Family Income on Child Achievement: Evidence from the Earned Income Tax Credit: Comment". American Economic Review 107, n. 2 (1 febbraio 2017): 623–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.20150988.

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In a recent article in the American Economic Review, Dahl and Lochner (2012) use changes in the Earned Income Tax Credit to estimate the causal effect of family income on child achievement. Their instrumental variable (IV ) estimates imply that a $1,000 increase in income raises combined math and reading test scores by about 6 percent of a standard deviation. I document a variable coding error. Correcting this error reduces the IV estimates by 32 percent; correcting this error does not change the qualitative conclusions of the study. (JEL H24, H31, I21, I38, J13)

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Dahl, Gordon B., e Lance Lochner. "The Impact of Family Income on Child Achievement: Evidence from the Earned Income Tax Credit: Reply". American Economic Review 107, n. 2 (1 febbraio 2017): 629–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.20161329.

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Dahl and Lochner (2012) provides some of the first causal evidence of the effects of family income on child achievement using changes in the Earned Income Tax Credit. Unfortunately, a coding error in the creation of total family income affects the first stage estimates and inflates the instrumental variable (IV) estimates. Importantly, it does not affect the reduced-form estimates or alter statistical significance of the IV estimates. This response shows that correcting this error does not alter the core findings or main message of the paper. (JEL H24, H31, I21, I38, J13)

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Stor, T., A. Bruin e E. Verschuur. "H16 Antipsychotics and Metabolic Syndrome in Advanced HD". Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 85, Suppl 1 (1 settembre 2014): A57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2014-309032.161.

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Graziani, Grant, Wilbert van der Klaauw e Basit Zafar. "Workers' Spending Response to the 2011 Payroll Tax Cuts". American Economic Journal: Economic Policy 8, n. 4 (1 novembre 2016): 124–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/pol.20140065.

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This paper investigates workers' spending response to the 2011 payroll tax cuts. Respondents were surveyed at the beginning and end of 2011, which allows the comparison of ex ante and ex post reported use of the extra income. While workers on average intended to spend 14 percent of their tax cut income, they ex post reported spending 36 percent of the funds. This pattern of higher spending ex post is shared across all demographic groups. Differences across workers in this shift to greater ex post spending are largely unexplained by differences in either present bias or unanticipated shocks, so in the end the upward revision in spending remains a puzzle. (JEL D12, D91, E21, H24, H31)

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Reisberg, Mathias, Norbert Arnold, Andrea Porzel, Reinhard H. H. Neubert e Birgit Dräger. "Malusides, novel glucosylceramides isolated from apple pomace (Malus domestica)". Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 73, n. 1-2 (26 gennaio 2018): 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-2017-0059.

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AbstractThree new glucosylceramides (GluCers) named malusides I–III (1–3) were isolated from apple (cultivars ofMalus domestica) pomace (fruit material remaining after juice extraction). An unusual oxo/hydroxy group pattern within the sphingadienine (d18:2) type sphingoid base was observed. All compounds contained the sameα-hydroxylated fatty acid (h16:0) and aβ-D-glucose moiety. Their structures were assigned on the basis of one- and two-dimensional (1D and 2D) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopic analyses and mass spectrometry (MS) measurements.

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Vasileva, O. V., A. S. Volynkina, I. V. Kuznetsova, S. V. Pisarenko e A. N. Kulichenko. "MOLECULAR-GENETIC CHARACTERISTICS OF SHIGELLA SONNEI-2013 STRAIN ISOLATED DURING THE OUTBREAK IN DYSENTERY IN THE REPUBLIC ABKHAZIA IN 2013". Journal of microbiology epidemiology immunobiology, n. 1 (28 febbraio 2018): 72–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.36233/0372-9311-2018-1-72-76.

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Aim. Study of molecular-genetic properties of Shigella sonnei-2013 strain isolated during the outbreak in dysentery in the republic Abkhazia in 2013. Materials and methods. Genetic typing of the tested strains using multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Analyzed of nucleotide sequence fragments 7 of conservative «housekeeping» genes adk, fumC, icd, mdh, purA, recA, gyrB. Sequenced of DNA fragments compared with reference sequences from database of Escherichia coli MLST. Phylogenetic analysis was performed using UPGMA method and computer program START 2. Whole-genome sequencing performed on a genetic analyzer Ion Torrent Personal Genome Machine (PGM™) using fragment libraries (shot-gun). Aligning reads have been carried out with the program GS Reference Mapper. Results. Defined sequence - type of the studied strain - ST-152, one of the most common genotypes for S. sonnei. Demonstrated the high degree of similarity obtained contig to the sequences of the chromosome and plasmids А, В, С и E strains S. sonnei 53G and S. sonnei Ss046. Identified contigs with a high percentage similarity to the sequence of virulence plasmid p026-Vir of E. coli 026:H11 (H30). In the genomic S. sonnei-2013 revealed nucleotide sequence of 136 genes were found located on the p026-Vir strain of E. coli 026:Н11 (НЗО). Discovered genes controlling biosynthesis of type IV pili involved in adhesion to abiotic surfaces and biofilm formation. Conclusion. Identified structural peculiarities of strain induced by fragments of virulence plasmid p026-Vir strain E. coli 026:H 11 (H30).

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Bradley, Sebastien, e Naomi E. Feldman. "Hidden Baggage: Behavioral Responses to Changes in Airline Ticket Tax Disclosure". American Economic Journal: Economic Policy 12, n. 4 (1 novembre 2020): 58–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/pol.20190200.

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We examine the impact of a January 2012 enforcement action by the US Department of Transportation that required US air carriers and online travel agents to modify their web interfaces to incorporate all ticket taxes in up-front, advertised fares. We show that the more prominent display of tax-inclusive prices is associated with significant reductions in consumer tax incidence, demand, and ticket revenues along more heavily taxed itineraries. In particular, the fraction of unit taxes that airlines passed onto consumers fell by roughly 75 cents for every dollar of tax. These results present evidence of consumer inattention in a novel institutional setting featuring quasi-experimental variation in tax salience, economically significant tax amounts, and endogenous price responses. (JEL D91, H22, H25, H31, L84, L93)

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Palmeira, Nara Cristiane Leite, e Regimar Carla Machado. "Door-to-electrocardiogram time: attendance evaluation of patients with acute myocardial infarction". Revista de Enfermagem UFPE on line 5, n. 8 (23 settembre 2011): 1898. http://dx.doi.org/10.5205/reuol.1262-12560-1-le.0508201112.

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ABSTRACTObjectives: to measure the time to perform the electrocardiogram after admittance of patient with thoracic pain; investigate the characteristics of exams and treatment rendered to patient diagnosed with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) with ST-segment elevation. Method: it is a descriptive and exploratory study. The data was extracted from attendance records of patients with thoracic pain at an emergency room, between June and August 2010. The project was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the University of Paraiba Valley (Univap) (H16/2010). The sample to evaluate the electrocardiogram time was composed of 115 patients, and of these, only 18 presented AMI with ST-segment elevation. Results: the door-to-electrocardiogram time was more than 10 minutes for 95.8% of the patients with thoracic pain. The troponin exam presented an alteration on 83.3% and the Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty was performed on 72.2% of patients with AMI and ST-segment elevation. Conclusions: most patients underwent the electrocardiogram after 10 minutes. All patients diagnosed with AMI and ST-segment elevation underwent the myocardial necrosis marker exam and the prevailing treatment was primary angioplasty. Descriptors: myocardial Infarction; emergency medical services; nurses.RESUMO Objetivos: mensurar o tempo da realização do eletrocardiograma após admissão do paciente com dor torácica; investigar as características dos exames e o tratamento prestado ao paciente com diagnóstico de infarto agudo do miocárdio (IAM) com supradesnível de ST. Método: trata-se de um estudo descritivo e exploratório. Os dados foram extraídos das fichas de atendimento de pacientes com dor torácica em um pronto atendimento, entre junho a agosto de 2010. O projeto obteve aprovação do Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da Univap (H16/2010). A amostra para avaliação do tempo eletrocardiograma foi composta por 115 pacientes e destes, apenas 18 apresentaram IAM com supradesnível de ST. Resultados: o tempo porta-eletrocardiograma foi maior que 10 minutos para 95,8% dos pacientes com dor torácica. O exame de troponina apresentou alteração em 83,3% e a Angioplastia Coronária Transluminal foi realizada em 72,2% dos pacientes com IAM e supradesnível de ST. Conclusões: a maioria dos pacientes realizou o eletrocardiograma com mais de 10 minutos. Todos os pacientes com diagnóstico de IAM e supradesnível de ST realizaram o exame de marcadores de necrose miocárdica e o tratamento predominante foi à angioplastia primária. Descritores: infarto do miocárdio; atendimento de emergência; enfermeiros.RESUMENObjetivos: mensurar el tiempo de la realización del electrocardiograma tras admisión del paciente con dolor torácica; investigar las características de los exámenes y el tratamiento prestado al paciente con diagnostico de infarto agudo de miocardio (IAM) con supradesnivel de ST. Método: tratase de un estudio descriptivo y exploratorio. Los dados fueron extraídos de las fichas de atendimiento de pacientes con dolor torácica en un Centro de salud, entre junio y agosto de 2010. El proyecto obtuvo aprobación del Comité de Ética en Pesquisa de la Univap (H16/2010). La muestra para evaluación del tiempo electrocardiograma fue compuesta por 115 pacientes y de estos, solamente 18 presentaron IAM con supradesnivel de ST. Resultados: el tiempo porta electrocardiograma fue mayor que 10 minutos para 95,8% de los pacientes con dolor torácica. La prueba de troponina ha presentado alteración en 83,3%, y la Angioplastia Coronaria Transluminal fue realizada en 72,2% de los pacientes con IAM y supradesnivel de ST. Conclusiones: la mayoría de los pacientes han realizado los electrocardiogramas con más de 10 minutos. Todos los pacientes con diagnostico de IAM y supradesnivel de ST han realizado el examen de marcadores de necrosis miocárdica y el tratamiento predominante fue la angioplastia primaria. Descriptores: infarto del miocardio; servicios médicos de urgencia; enfermeros.

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Abuselidze, George. "Optimal Fiscal Policy – Factors for the Formation of the Optimal Economic and Social Models". Journal of Business and Economics Review (JBER) Vol.3(1) Jan-Mar 2018 3, n. 1 (26 febbraio 2018): 18–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.35609/jber.2018.3.1(3).

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Objective - The purpose of this paper is to develop the optimal economic and social model for the modern stage and analyze the Social Progress Index in Georgia. The research is based on the paradigm that "what we analyze, this determines the decisions we make". Consequently, emphasis is placed on issues that significantly affect human well-being. Methodology/Technique - In this top-down study, the empirical material is collected from official documents and public statements made by centrally placed politicians and administrators in Georgia as well as research conducted by international organizations in Georgia. The research database used is the legislative and normative acts adopted by the government of Georgia in the modern day, in particular: the National Statistics Office of Georgia, the Economic Development and Finance Ministries, the Georgian National Statistics Office, the Parliamentary Finance and Budget Committee and other related departments. Findings - This study shows that the formation of the optimal economic and social organization model of a country is particularly dependent on the selection and implementation of the most appropriate fiscal policy. The philosophy of social security is one of the greatest achievements of modern civilization. The present work is dedicated to the progress of human development – specifically, welfare issues. This provides the model for creating the optimal social security system of a population, with the following social system parameters: distribution of national income to the population and their families and addressing the issues of financing social security needs. Based on the study of the social experiences of social reform and the social indicators of the European Union, the alternate concept of prosperity and perfection is developed. These topics are the focus of the present work. Novelty - The empirical material contained within focuses on the period after 2005, when some important changes in political leadership took place. In 2003, Saakashvili became President of Georgia, Ivanishvili was elected as Prime Minister in 2012 and Kvirikashvili took over this position in 2015. During this time, there was also a shift in government social policy at a central level. The collection of empirical data for this study ends in 2017, giving a total study period of 12 years. Type of Paper: Empirical. Keywords: Fiscal Policy; Welfare; Social Security; Social Innovation; Household; Employment. JEL Classification: E24, E62, H31, H55, H61, R2, R51.

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Bizhanova, M. "Theoretical and methodological problems of the continuity of nomadic statehood". Journal of history 95, n. 4 (2019): 139–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.26577/jh-2019-4-h16.

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Mills, Stuart J., Anthony R. Kampf, Fabrizio Nestola, Peter A. Williams, Peter Leverett, Leila Hejazi, David E. Hibbs, Maria Mrorsko, Matteo Alvaro e Anatoly V. Kasatkin. "Wampenite, C18 H16 , a new organic mineral from the fossil conifer locality at Wampen, Bavaria, Germany". European Journal of Mineralogy 29, n. 3 (12 luglio 2017): 511–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/ejm/2017/0029-2621.

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Gomes Ferreira Filho, Marcio Adriano, Joaquim Fernandes de Morais Neto, Danillo De Santana Costa, Sabryna Coelho da Silva Cruz, Noely De Carvalho Leite e Josué Júnior Silva Luz. "PERFIL EPIDEMIOLÓGICO DOS CASOS DE CERATITE NO BRASIL DE 2018 A 2022". Revista de Patologia do Tocantins 10, n. 3 (6 dicembre 2023): 189–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.20873/10.20873/uft.2446-6492.2023v10n3p189.

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Introdução: A ceratite é uma inflamação da córnea, que pode ser causada por uma infecção bacteriana, viral ou fúngica, bem como por danos físicos, como hemorragia na córnea ou exposição a substâncias irritantes. Essa inflamação pode levar a uma variedade de sintomas e complicações, dependendo da gravidade do caso. Existem dois tipos principais de ceratite: ceratite infecciosa, causada por uma infecção bacteriana, viral ou fúngica Objetivos: Este estudo tem como objetivo realizar uma arguição do casos de Ceratite no Brasil de 2018 a 2022 bem como propor medidas profiláticas em relação a essa doença Metodologia: Consiste em um estudo epidemiológico de natureza descritiva, realizado por meio da coleta de dados anuais referentes ao período entre 2018 até 2022, no Brasil, disponibilizado pelo Sistema de Informações Hospitalares (SIH). As variáveis coletadas para análise epidemiológica da ceratite no Brasil incluem número de internações, ano de processamento, sexo, faixa etária, relacionadas ao capítulo IV do CID-10, especificamente na lista de morbilidade hospitalar por ceratite (CID10-H16). Resultados: Identificou-se um total de 27376 casos confirmados, com maior incidência em homens e adultos (20 a 59 anos)O Sudeste foi a região com mais notificações. Conclusão: A ceratite é uma condição ocular que pode ser causada por infecções bacterianas, virais ou fúngicas, bem como por danos físicos à córnea. Palavras-chave: Ceratite. Córnea. Visão. Epidemiologia

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Gomes Ferreira Filho, Marcio Adriano, Joaquim Fernandes de Morais Neto, Danillo De Santana Costa, Sabryna Coelho da Silva Cruz, Noely De Carvalho Leite e Josué Júnior Silva Luz. "PERFIL EPIDEMIOLÓGICO DOS CASOS DE CERATITE NO BRASIL DE 2018 A 2022". Revista de Patologia do Tocantins 11, n. 1 (28 febbraio 2024): 336–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.20873/10.20873/uft.2446-6492.2024v11n1p336.

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Introdução: A ceratite é uma inflamação da córnea, que pode ser causada por uma infecção bacteriana, viral ou fúngica, bem como por danos físicos, como hemorragia na córnea ou exposição a substâncias irritantes. Essa inflamação pode levar a uma variedade de sintomas e complicações, dependendo da gravidade do caso. Existem dois tipos principais de ceratite: ceratite infecciosa, causada por uma infecção bacteriana, viral ou fúngica Objetivos: Este estudo tem como objetivo realizar uma arguição do casos de Ceratite no Brasil de 2018 a 2022 bem como propor medidas profiláticas em relação a essa doença Metodologia: Consiste em um estudo epidemiológico de natureza descritiva, realizado por meio da coleta de dados anuais referentes ao período entre 2018 até 2022, no Brasil, disponibilizado pelo Sistema de Informações Hospitalares (SIH). As variáveis coletadas para análise epidemiológica da ceratite no Brasil incluem número de internações, ano de processamento, sexo, faixa etária, relacionadas ao capítulo IV do CID-10, especificamente na lista de morbilidade hospitalar por ceratite (CID10-H16). Resultados: Identificou-se um total de 27376 casos confirmados, com maior incidência em homens e adultos (20 a 59 anos)O Sudeste foi a região com mais notificações. Conclusão: A ceratite é uma condição ocular que pode ser causada por infecções bacterianas, virais ou fúngicas, bem como por danos físicos à córnea.Palavras-chave: Ceratite. Córnea. Visão. Epidemiologia

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Nikmah, Fenia Hayatun, e Usmanul Hayadi Umar. "A Comparison of Reinforcement Planning for Basement Wall Shelter Based on SS EN 1990: 2008 (2015) with Technical Requirements for Household Shelter 2023". Journal of Civil Engineering and Planning 4, n. 2 (20 dicembre 2023): 260–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.37253/jcep.v4i2.8802.

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Singapore is an example that applies the concept of household housing, namely buildings that are used as evacuation places. One of the buildings that applies the household residential concept is a detached type of residential house with a basement located at 102 Jalan Langgar Bedok, Bedok Planning Area, Singapore in an HDB housing block. The technical guidebook used as a guideline for building household shelters is "2023 Household Shelter Technical Requirements". The aim of this research is to compare household reinforcement shelter planning based on SS EN 1990: 2008 (2015) with the 2023 Household Shelter Technical Requirements. The method used in this research is a quantitative method using secondary data, namely the dimensions of the household shelter building and the results on-site survey. The results of this research show that when planning reinforcement using SS EN 1990: 2008 (2015), the diameter of the reinforcement used is larger, namely H16-100, compared to the 2023 Household Shelter Technical Requirements guidebook, namely H10-100. This is because the walls of household shelters are also used as basement walls.

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Rey, María-Dolores, Graham Moore e Azahara C. Martín. "Identification and comparison of individual chromosomes of three accessions of Hordeum chilense, Hordeum vulgare, and Triticum aestivum by FISH". Genome 61, n. 6 (giugno 2018): 387–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/gen-2018-0016.

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Karyotypes of three accessions of Hordeum chilense (H1, H16, and H7), Hordeum vulgare, and Triticum aestivum were characterized by physical mapping of several repetitive sequences. A total of 14 repetitive sequences were used as probes for fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with the aim of identifying inter- and intraspecies polymorphisms. The (AG)12 and 4P6 probes only produced hybridization signals in wheat, the BAC7 probe only hybridized to the centromeric region of H. vulgare, and the pSc119.2 probe hybridized to both wheat and H. chilense, but not to H. vulgare. The remaining repetitive sequences used in this study produced a hybridization signal in all the genotypes. Probes pAs1, pTa-535, pTa71, CCS1, and CRW were much conserved, showing no significant polymorphism among the genotypes studied. Probes GAA, (AAC)5, (CTA)5, HvT01, and pTa794 produced the most different hybridization pattern. We identified large polymorphisms in the three accessions of H. chilense studied, supporting the proposal of the existence of different groups inside species of H. chilense. The set of probes described in this work allowed the identification of every single chromosome in all three species, providing a complete cytogenetic karyotype of H. chilense, H. vulgare, and T. aestivum chromosomes, which could be useful in wheat and tritordeum breeding programs.

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MORIMOTO, Kenichi, Amane UTSUMI e Satoshi KONISHI. "1A2-H16 FEM-Based Analysis for Design Optimization of PDMS Pneumatic Balloon Actuators(MEMS and Nano-Technology)". Proceedings of JSME annual Conference on Robotics and Mechatronics (Robomec) 2011 (2011): _1A2—H16_1—_1A2—H16_2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmermd.2011._1a2-h16_1.

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Shen, Jinling, Shuai Zhi, Dehua Guo, Yuan Jiang, Xuebin Xu, Lina Zhao e Jingzhang Lv. "Prevalence, Antimicrobial Resistance, and Whole Genome Sequencing Analysis of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli (STEC) and Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) from Imported Foods in China during 2015–2021". Toxins 14, n. 2 (19 gennaio 2022): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins14020068.

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Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) and enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) are foodborne pathogens that cause hemolytic uremic syndrome and fatal infant diarrhea, respectively, but the characterization of these bacteria from imported food in China are unknown. A total of 1577 food samples from various countries during 2015–2021 were screened for STEC and EPEC, and the obtained isolates were tested for antimicrobial resistance and whole genome sequencing analysis was performed. The prevalence of STEC and EPEC was 1.01% (16/1577) and 0.51% (8/1577), respectively. Antimicrobial resistances to tetracycline (8%), chloramphenicol (8%), ampicillin (4%), ceftazidime (4%), cefotaxime (4%), and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (4%) were observed. The antimicrobial resistance phenotypes corresponded with genotypes for most strains, and some resistance genes were related to mobile genetic elements. All 16 STEC isolates were eae negative, two solely contained stx1 (stx1a or stx1c), 12 merely carried stx2 (stx2a, stx2d, or stx2e), and two had both stx1 and stx2 (stx1c + stx2b, stx1a + stx2a + stx2c). Although they were eae negative, several STEC isolates carried other adherence factors, such as iha (5/16), sab (1/16), and lpfA (8/16), and belonged to serotypes (O130:H11, O8:H19, and O100:H30) or STs (ST297, ST360), which have caused human infections. All the eight EPEC isolates were atypical EPEC; six serotypes and seven STs were found, and clinically relevant EPEC serotypes O26:H11, O103:H2, and O145:H28 were identified. Two STEC/ETEC (enterotoxigenic E. coli) hybrids and one EPEC/ETEC hybrid were observed, since they harbored sta1 and/or stb. The results revealed that food can act as a reservoir of STEC/EPEC with pathogenic potential, and had the potential ability to transfer antibiotic resistance and virulence genes.

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LaLumia, Sara, James M. Sallee e Nicholas Turner. "New Evidence on Taxes and the Timing of Birth". American Economic Journal: Economic Policy 7, n. 2 (1 maggio 2015): 258–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/pol.20130243.

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This paper uses data from the universe of tax returns filed between 2001 and 2010 to test whether parents shift the timing of childbirth around the New Year to gain tax benefits. Filers have an incentive to shift births from early January into late December, through induction or cesarean delivery, because child-related tax benefits are not prorated. We find evidence of a positive, but very small, effect of tax incentives on birth timing. An additional $1,000 of tax benefits increases the probability of a late-December birth by only about 1 percentage point. We argue that the response to tax incentives is small in part because of confusion about eligibility and delays in the issuance of Social Security numbers for newborns, as well as a lack of control over medical procedures on the part of filers with the highest tax values. In contrast to this small behavioral response, we do document a substantial reporting response among self-employed parents facing changes in the Earned Income Tax Credit as a result of a child's birth. We estimate that this reporting response reduces federal revenue by hundreds of millions of dollars per year. (JEL H24, H31, J13, J23)

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Kongpeng, Chatsuda, Jutarut Iewkittayakorn e Wilaiwan Chotigeat. "Effect of Storage Time and Concentration of Used Cooking Oil on Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) Production by Cupriavidus necator H16". Sains Malaysiana 46, n. 9 (30 settembre 2017): 1465–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2017-4609-15.

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Lindh, Erika, Christine Ek-Kommonen, Marja Isomursu, Jukka Alasaari, Antti Vaheri, Olli Vapalahti e Anita Huovilainen. "GENETIC CHARACTERIZATION OF H13 AND H16 INFLUENZA A VIRUSES IN GULLS (LARUSSPP.) WITH CLINICALLY SEVERE DISEASE AND CONCURRENT CIRCOVIRUS INFECTION". Journal of Wildlife Diseases 53, n. 3 (luglio 2017): 561–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.7589/2016-09-212.

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Rahman, MH, MM Alam Patwary, H. Barua, M. Hossain e S. Nahar. "Evaluation of Orange Fleshed Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) Genotypes for Higher Yield and Quality". Agriculturists 11, n. 2 (31 dicembre 2013): 21–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/agric.v11i2.17483.

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Four orange fleshed sweet potato (OFSP) genotypes viz., CIP 194513.15, CIP 194515.15, CIP 441132 and CIP 440267.2 collected from International Potato Centre (CIP) and four BARI (Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute) - hybrid orange flesh sweet potato genotypes viz., H16/06, H19/06, H3/07 and H6/07 were evaluated against BARI SP-3 and BARI SP-4 having orange fleshed at Agricultural Research Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Pahartali, Chittagong for yield and quality. The highest (31.59 t/ha) tuberous root yield was found in CIP 194513.15 which was followed by CIP 440267.2 (30.97 t/ha) and the lowest yield (13.34 t/ha) was obtained in BARI SP 3. The maximum dry matter (29.83%) was obtained in H6/07 while the minimum dry matter (17.61%) was obtained in CIP 441132. Among the tested genotypes the highest (approximately) Vitamin A (919.2 ?g/100 g RE, FW) was recorded in CIP 440267.2, which had red skin and latex absent flesh and the lowest was (approximately) in H6/07 (Vit A 0.0 ?g/100 g RE, FW). The results of the present study indicated that CIP 440267.2 is suitable among the OFSP genotypes for cultivation in Bangladesh on the basis of yield and quality mainly carotinous. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/agric.v11i2.17483 The Agriculturists 2013; 11(2) 21-27

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Batko, Kornelia M., e Andrzej Ślęzak. "Membrane Transport of Nonelectrolyte Solutions in Concentration Polarization Conditions: Hr Form of the Kedem–Katchalsky–Peusner Equations". International Journal of Chemical Engineering 2019 (1 aprile 2019): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/5629259.

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In this paper, the Kedem–Katchalsky equations in matrix form for nonhomogeneous ternary nonelectrolyte solutions were applied for interpretation of transport through the membrane mounted in horizontal plane. Coefficients Hijr, Hijr, and Hdetr=detHr (for nonhomogeneous solutions), Hij and Hdet=detH (for homogeneous solutions) (i, j ∈ {1, 2, 3}, r = A, B), ψij=HijA−HijB/Hij, and ψdet=HdetA−HdetB/Hdet were calculated on the basis of experimentally determined coefficients (Lp, σ1, σ2ω11, ω22, ω21, ω12, ζ1r, and ζ2r) for glucose in aqueous ethanol solutions and two configurations of the membrane system. From the calculations, it results that the values of coefficients H12r, H13r, H22r, H23r, H32r, H33r, and Hdetr depend nonlinearly on solution concentration as well as on a configuration of membrane system. Besides, the values of coefficients H21r, H12, H21, H22, H33r, and Hdet depend linearly on solution concentration. The value of coefficients H13, H23, and H33 do not depend on solution concentration. The coefficients ψ12, ψ13, ψ22 = ψ23, ψ32 = ψ33, and ψdet depend nonlinearly on solution concentration and for C¯1 ≈ 9.24 mol m−3 are equal to zero. For C¯1 < 9.24 mol m−3, the values of coefficients ψ12 and ψ13 are negative and for C¯1 > 9.23 mol m−3, positive. In contrast, the values of coefficients ψ22 = ψ23, ψ32 = ψ33, and ψdet for C¯1 < 9.24 mol m−3 are positive and for C¯1 > 9.24 mol m−3, negative. For ψ = 0, we can observe nonconvective state, in which concentration Rayleigh number reaches the critical value RC = 1691.09, for ψ<0 is convective state with convection directed straight down and for ψ>0 is convective state with convection directed straight up.

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Ortiz, Lucia, Ginger Geiger, Lucas Ferreri, David Moran, Dione Mendez, Ana Silvia Gonzalez-Reiche, Danilo Alvarez et al. "Blue-Winged Teals in Guatemala and Their Potential Role in the Ecology of H14 Subtype Influenza a Viruses". Viruses 15, n. 2 (9 febbraio 2023): 483. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v15020483.

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Wild aquatic birds are considered the natural hosts of 16 HA (H1–H16) and 9 NA (N1–N9) subtypes of influenza A viruses (FLUAV) found in different combinations. H14 FLUAVs are rarely detected in nature. Since 2011, H14 FLUAVs have been consistently detected in Guatemala, leading to the largest collection of this subtype from a single country. All H14 FLUAVs in Guatemala were detected from blue-winged teal samples. In this report, 17 new full-length H14 FLUAV genome sequences detected from 2014 until 2019 were analyzed and compared to all published H14 sequences, including Guatemala, North America, and Eurasia. The H14 FLUAVs identified in Guatemala were mostly associated with the N3 subtype (n = 25), whereas the rest were paired with either N4 (n = 7), N5 (n = 4), N6 (n = 1), and two mixed infections (N3/N5 n = 2, and N2/N3 n = 1). H14 FLUAVs in Guatemala belong to a distinct H14 lineage in the Americas that is evolving independently from the Eurasian H14 lineage. Of note, the ORF of the H14 HA segments showed three distinct motifs at the cleavage site, two of these containing arginine instead of lysine in the first and fourth positions, not previously described in other countries. The effects of these mutations on virus replication, virulence, and/or transmission remain unknown and warrant further studies.

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Norman, Wendy V., Sarah Munro, Melissa Brooks, Courtney Devane, Edith Guilbert, Regina Renner, Tamil Kendall et al. "Could implementation of mifepristone address Canada’s urban–rural abortion access disparity: a mixed-methods implementation study protocol". BMJ Open 9, n. 4 (aprile 2019): e028443. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-028443.

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IntroductionIn January 2017, mifepristone-induced medical abortion was made available in Canada. In this study, we will seek to (1) understand facilitators and barriers to the implementation of mifepristone across Canada, (2) assess the impact of a ‘community of practice’ clinical and health service support platform and (3) engage in and assess the impact of integrated knowledge translation (iKT) activities aimed to improve health policy, systems and service delivery issues to enhance patient access to mifepristone.Methods and analysisThis prospective mixed-methods implementation study will involve a national sample of physicians and pharmacists recruited via an online training programme, professional networks and a purpose-built community of practice website. Surveys that explore constructs related to diffusion of innovation and Godin’s behaviour change frameworks will be conducted at baseline and at 6 months, and qualitative data will be collected from electronic interactions on the website. Survey participants and a purposeful sample of decision-makers will be invited to participate in in-depth interviews. Descriptive analyses will be conducted for quantitative data. Thematic analysis guided by the theoretical frameworks will guide interpretation of qualitative data. We will conduct and assess iKT activities involving Canada’s leading health system and health professional leaders, including evidence briefs, Geographical Information System (GIS)maps, face-to-face meetings and regular electronic exchanges. Findings will contribute to understanding the mechanisms of iKT relationships and activities that have a meaningful effect on uptake of evidence into policy and practice.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval was received from the University of British Columbia Children’s and Women’s Hospital Ethics Review Board (H16-01006). Full publication of the work will be sought in an international peer-reviewed journal. Findings will be disseminated to research participants through newsletters and media interviews, and to policy-makers through invited evidence briefs and face-to-face presentations.

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Alley, Stephanie, Jannique GZ van Uffelen, Stephanie Schoeppe, Lynne Parkinson, Susan Hunt, Deborah Power, Mitch J. Duncan, AG Schneiders e Corneel Vandelanotte. "Efficacy of a computer-tailored web-based physical activity intervention using Fitbits for older adults: a randomised controlled trial protocol". BMJ Open 9, n. 12 (dicembre 2019): e033305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-033305.

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IntroductionPhysical activity is an integral part of healthy ageing, yet the majority of older adults 65+ years are not sufficiently active. Web-based physical activity interventions hold much promise to reach older adults. Preliminary evidence suggests that web-based interventions with tailored advice and Fitbits may be well suited for older adults.Methods and analysisThis study aims to test the effectiveness of ‘Active for Life’, a 12-week computer-tailored web-based physical activity intervention using Fitbits for older adults. We will recruit 300 participants who will be randomly assigned to one of three trial arms: (1) web-based physical activity intervention with tailored advice only, (2) web-based physical activity intervention with tailored advice and Fitbit or (3) a wait-list control. The primary outcome, objective moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and secondary outcomes of objective sedentary behaviour, objective sleep, quality of life, social support, physical function and satisfaction with life will be assessed at baseline and week 12. The secondary outcomes of self-reported physical activity, sitting time and sleep will be assessed at baseline, week 6, 12 and 24. Website usability and participant satisfaction will be assessed at week 12 and website usage and intervention fidelity will be assessed from week 1 to 24. Intention-to-treat linear mixed model analyses will be used to test for group (tailoring only, tailoring +Fitbit, control) differences on changes in the main outcome, MVPA and secondary outcomes. Generalised linear models will be used to compare intervention groups (tailoring only, tailoring +Fitbit) on website usability, participant satisfaction, website usage and intervention fidelity.Ethics and disseminationThe study has received ethics approval from the Central Queensland University Human Research Ethics Committee (H16/12-321). Study outcomes will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications and academic conferences and used to inform improvements and dissemination of a tailored, web-based physical activity intervention for adults 65+ years.Trial registration numberAustralian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry Number: ACTRN12618000646246

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Majowicz, Shannon E., Dimitra Panagiotoglou, Marsha Taylor, Mahmood R. Gohari, Gilaad G. Kaplan, Ashok Chaurasia, Scott T. Leatherdale et al. "Determining the long-term health burden and risk of sequelae for 14 foodborne infections in British Columbia, Canada: protocol for a retrospective population-based cohort study". BMJ Open 10, n. 8 (agosto 2020): e036560. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-036560.

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IntroductionOver one in eight Canadians is affected by a foodborne infection annually; however, the long-term consequences, including the risks and costs of sequelae, are unclear. We aim to estimate the health burden and direct costs of 14 infections commonly transmitted by food, considering the acute illness and subsequent sequelae and mortality, for the population of British Columbia, Canada (~4.7 million).Methods and analysisWe will conduct a population-based retrospective cohort study of the British Columbia provincial population, over a 10-year study period (1 January 2005 to 31 December 2014). Exposure is defined as a provincially reported illness caused by Clostridium botulinum, Campylobacter, Cryptosporidium, Cyclospora, Giardia, hepatitis A virus, Listeria, non-typhoidal Salmonella spp, Salmonella Typhi, Salmonella Paratyphi, Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli, Shigella, Vibrio parahaemolyticus or Yersinia (excluding pestis). We will link individual-level longitudinal data from eight province-wide administrative health and reportable disease databases that include physician visits, hospitalisations and day surgeries, deaths, stillbirths, prescription medications (except those to treat HIV) and reportable foodborne diseases. Using these linked databases, we will investigate the likelihood of various sequelae and death. Hazard models will be used to estimate the risk of outcomes and their association with the type of foodborne infection. Epidemiological analyses will be conducted to determine the progression of illness and the fraction of sequelae attributable to specific foodborne infections. Economic analyses will assess the consequent direct healthcare costs.Ethics and disseminationThis study has been approved by a University of Waterloo Research Ethics Committee (no 30645), the University of British Columbia Behavioral Research Ethics Board (no H16-00021) and McGill University’s Institutional Review Board (no A03-M12-19A). Results will be disseminated via presentations to academics, public health practitioners and knowledge users, and publication in peer-reviewed journals. Where such publications are not open access, manuscripts will also be available via the University of Waterloo’s Institutional Repository (https://uwspace.uwaterloo.ca).

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Lindenkamp, Nicole, Elena Volodina e Alexander Steinbüchel. "Genetically Modified Strains of Ralstonia eutropha H16 with β-Ketothiolase Gene Deletions for Production of Copolyesters with Defined 3-Hydroxyvaleric Acid Contents". Applied and Environmental Microbiology 78, n. 15 (25 maggio 2012): 5375–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00824-12.

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ABSTRACTβ-Ketothiolases catalyze the first step of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) [poly(3HB)] biosynthesis in bacteria by condensation of two acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) molecules to acetoacetyl-CoA and also take part in the degradation of fatty acids. During growth on propionate or valerate,Ralstonia eutrophaH16 produces the copolymer poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) [poly(3HB-co-3HV)]. InR. eutropha, 15 β-ketothiolase homologues exist. The synthesis of 3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA (3HB-CoA) could be significantly reduced in an 8-fold mutant (Lindenkamp et al., Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 76:5373–5382, 2010). In this study, a 9-fold mutant deficient in nine β-ketothiolase gene homologues (phaA,bktB, H16_A1713, H16_B1771, H16_A1528, H16_B0381, H16_B1369, H16_A0170, andpcaF) was generated. In order to examine the polyhydroxyalkanoate production capacity when short- or long-chain and even- or odd-chain-length fatty acids were provided as carbon sources, the growth and storage behavior of several mutants from the previous study and the newly generated 9-fold mutant were analyzed. Propionate, valerate, octanoate, undecanoic acid, or oleate was chosen as the sole carbon source. On octanoate, no significant differences in growth or storage behavior were observed between wild-typeR. eutrophaand the mutants. In contrast, during the growth on oleate of a multiple mutant lackingphaA,bktB, and H16_A0170, diminished poly(3HB) accumulation occurred. Surprisingly, the amount of accumulated poly(3HB) in the multiple mutants grown on gluconate differed; it was much lower than that on oleate. The β-ketothiolase activity toward acetoacetyl-CoA in H16ΔphaAand all the multiple mutants remained 10-fold lower than the activity of the wild type, regardless of which carbon source, oleate or gluconate, was employed. During growth on valerate as a sole carbon source, the 9-fold mutant accumulated almost a poly(3-hydroxyvalerate) [poly(3HV)] homopolyester with 99 mol% 3HV constituents.

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Intxauspe-Zubiaurre, Beñat, Aitor Payros, José-Abel Flores e Estibaliz Apellaniz. "Changes to sea-surface characteristics during the middle Eocene (47.4 Ma) C21r-H6 event: evidence from calcareous nannofossil assemblages of the Gorrondatxe section (western Pyrenees)". Newsletters on Stratigraphy 50, n. 3 (1 maggio 2017): 245–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/nos/2017/0305.

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Clapes, Thomas, Aikaterini Polyzou, Pia Prater, Sagar Sagar, Barbara Hummel, Daniel Maticzka, Stylianos Lefkopoulos et al. "Repetitive Elements Enhance Hematopoietic Regeneration Via Activation of the Innate Immune Receptor MDA5". Blood 134, Supplement_1 (13 novembre 2019): 818. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2019-125953.

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Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are normally quiescent and have evolved mechanisms to respond to stress. Upon stress like chemotherapy, HSCs are activated, exit quiescence and differentiate to all hematopoietic lineages, features that are highly used in the clinic. Given the clinical relevance of HSCs, understanding the molecular mechanisms governing HSCs under homeostasis and regeneration is critical. Here we evaluated hematopoietic regeneration after chemotherapy using the myeloablative agent 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). We performed chromatin accessibility assays at steady state (D0), 16 hours (H16) and 3 days (D3) after treatment of wild type mice with 5-FU and observed that robust chromatin reorganisation takes place during the early time points of the response. Expression analysis at the same time points revealed that during regeneration, inflammatory signalling is activated. Surprisingly, we also detected increased transcription of repetitive elements (REs) during early recovery. Upregulated REs were located in genomic regions that gain accessibility during regeneration. We reasoned that newly transcribed REs could be responsible for the inflammatory signalling activation by acting as ligands for the innate immune receptor MDA5. Indeed, by sequencing the RNA that is crosslinked to MDA5 upon stress we found several RE transcripts bound to MDA5. Additionally, by performing digital footprinting analysis on our chromatin accessibility data we found increased occupancy of IRF and NF-κB motifs after chemotherapy. These data provided further indication that MDA5 is activated after chemotherapy since IRF and NF-κB factors act downstream of MDA5. We then investigated the role of MDA5 in HSC regeneration in vivo. Cell cycle analysis showed that Mda5-/- HSCs were more quiescent both at steady state and during regeneration. This quiescent phenotype was validated by metabolic assays and single-cell RNA-seq analysis. Due to their ability to retain quiescence, Mda5-/- HSCs harbour better repopulating capacity upon bone marrow transplantation, as higher chimerism was observed in secondary recipients when injected with Mda5-/- cells. In vitro serial Colony Forming Unit-Cell (CFU-C) of wild type and Mda5-/- HSCs or WT HSCs treated with TBK1 inhibitor, a kinase downstream of MDA5 and essential for signal mediation, verified our transplantation experiments. We reasoned that the quiescent phenotype of Mda5-/- HSCs could be due to the inability of Mda5-/- HSCs to upregulate either REs or inflammatory signaling upon regeneration. To answer this question we performed chromatin accessibility and expression assays in Mda5-/- HSCs at several time points after chemotherapy and compared them to wild type cells. Indeed, robust chromatin accessibility and upregulation of REs takes place in Mda5-/- HSCs but inflammatory signaling is impaired. Concomitantly we observed less phosho-IRF3 and less translocation of NF-κB to the nucleus in Mda5-/- HSCs thus verifying our expression analysis results. To prove that REs can indeed activate MDA5 leading to increased inflammatory signaling that facilitates HSCs to exit quiescence, we overexpressed two of these elements in wild type and Mda5-/- HSCs. Indeed overexpression of both elements in wild type HSCs led to enhanced exit from quiescence but this effect was abrogated in Mda5-/- HSCs. Our step-by-step model proposes that during regeneration, robust chromatin rearrangement and RE upregulation take place. Upregulated RE transcripts bind and activate the innate immune receptor MDA5 that in turn, stimulates the inflammatory signalling necessary for HSCs to exit quiescence and regenerate the hematopoietic system. Thus, using hematopoiesis as an exemplary system, our work uncovers a novel function of REs in tissue regeneration. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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Huschner, Franz, Estelle Grousseau, Christopher J. Brigham, Jens Plassmeier, Milan Popović, ChoKyun Rha e Anthony J. Sinskey. "Corrigendum to “Development of a feeding strategy for high cell and PHA density fed-batch fermentation of Ralstonia eutropha H16 from organic acids and their salts” [Process Biochem. 50 (2 (February)) (2015) 165–172]". Process Biochemistry 50, n. 6 (giugno 2015): 1037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.procbio.2015.03.002.

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Omori, Satoshi, Nobuto Hashiguchi, Kei Moritsugu, Yoshifumi Nishimura e Akinori Kidera. "1P042 Replica-exchange simulation of N-ter fragment in HP1 chromodomain and model construction of HP1αCD/histone H3 tail complex(01B. Protein : Structure & Function,Poster,The 52nd Annual Meeting of the Biophysical Society of Japan(BSJ2014))". Seibutsu Butsuri 54, supplement1-2 (2014): S147. http://dx.doi.org/10.2142/biophys.54.s147_6.

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Fernández, Ángel. "Presupuestos 2007-2012 y reducción del gasto público para obtener el crecimiento económico de España". REVISTA PROCESOS DE MERCADO, 8 marzo 2021, 115–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.52195/pm.v10i1.205.

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The study observes the size of the Spanish State by analyzing the composition of the public spending policies in the Public Budget for the years 2007-2012. The government expenditure (central State, autonomous communities and local authorities) has not been reduced to the level required to achieve the control of the public debt. Furthermore, the fiscal adjustment must be done without tax increases because they are harmful for the dynamic efficiency of the economy. Secondly, the study explains the Production Structure of Capital from the perspective of the Austrian School of Economics and, including references and bibliography of previous studies, it shows how the tax increases are against the economic growth, because lower the private saving which is necessary in order to undertake investments and produce the goods of superior order that characterize the developed economies. Finally, the study explains the need to implement an Austerity Plan to reduce the public spending in Spain, in a serious way, by mean of: 1) cut the public budget in order to keep the public administrations in the medium and long term, 2) implement structural reforms to maintain balanced bud gets, 3) fa-cilitate the monitoring by the State Audits Agency, and 4) imple ment certain institutional barriers in the public Law in order to prevent the enlargement of the State by the interventionism of politicians that advocate public deficits and unlimited borrowing. Key words: Financial Crisis, Fiscal Policy, Public Finance (budget) deficit, So - vereign Debt, Public Administration, Economic Growth, Economic Policy. JEL Classification: G01, H30, H61, H62, H63, H83, O40, P16. Resumen: Este trabajo estudia el tamaño del Estado analizando la compo-sición de las políticas de gasto público en los Presupuestos Generales del Estado de los años 2007 a 2012. El gasto público no se ha reducido en las administraciones públicas (Estado central, autonomías y entidades locales) hasta el nivel requerido para lograr controlar el nivel de la deuda pública. Adicionalmente, el ajuste fiscal debe ser realizado sin subidas de impuestos que perjudican la eficiencia dinámica de la economía. En segundo lugar, el presente artículo explica la estructura productiva del capital según la Escuela Austriaca de Economía y razona, incluyendo refe-rencias y bibliografía de estudios previos, cómo las subidas de impuestos son perjudiciales para el crecimiento económico, porque se disminuye el ahorro privado previo que es necesario para acometer las inversiones y pro - ducir los bienes de órdenes superiores que caracterizan a las economías más desarrolladas. Finalmente, se explica cómo todavía existe una urgente necesidad de imple-mentar un Plan de Austeridad que reduzca el gasto público en España, de modo serio, basado en: 1) recortar y eliminar partidas presupuestarias para soste-ner las administraciones públicas en el medio y largo plazo, 2) implementar reformas estructurales que doten presupuestos equilibrados, 3) facilitar el control por la Intervención General del Estado, y 4) interponer barreras legislativas que eviten el aumento del tamaño del Estado con el intervencionismo de los políticos que propugnan déficit público y endeudamiento sin límites. Palabras clave: Crisis Financiera, Política fiscal, Déficit Público, Deuda So-berana, Administración Pública, Crecimiento Económico, Economía Política. Clasificación JEL: G01, H30, H61, H62, H63, H83, O40, P16.

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Yang, Chao, Yinghui Li, Le Zuo, Min Jiang, Xianglilan Zhang, Li Xie, Miaomiao Luo et al. "Genomic Epidemiology and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile of Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli From Outpatients With Diarrhea in Shenzhen, China, 2015–2020". Frontiers in Microbiology 12 (28 ottobre 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.732068.

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Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is the leading cause of severe diarrhea in children and the most common cause of diarrhea in travelers. However, most ETEC infections in Shenzhen, China were from indigenous adults. In this study, we characterized 106 ETEC isolates from indigenous outpatients with diarrhea (77% were adults aged >20 years) in Shenzhen between 2015 and 2020 by whole-genome sequencing and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Shenzhen ETEC isolates showed a remarkable high diversity, which belonged to four E. coli phylogroups (A: 71%, B1: 13%, E: 10%, and D: 6%) and 15 ETEC lineages, with L11 (25%, O159:H34/O159:H43, ST218/ST3153), novel L2/4 (21%, O6:H16, ST48), and L4 (15%, O25:H16, ST1491) being major lineages. Heat-stable toxin (ST) was most prevalent (76%, STh: 60% STp: 16%), followed by heat-labile toxin (LT, 17%) and ST + LT (7%). One or multiple colonization factors (CFs) were identified in 68 (64%) isolates, with the common CFs being CS21 (48%) and CS6 (34%). Antimicrobial resistance mutation/gene profiles of genomes were concordant with the phenotype testing results of 52 representative isolates, which revealed high resistance rate to nalidixic acid (71%), ampicillin (69%), and ampicillin/sulbactam (46%), and demonstrated that the novel L2/4 was a multidrug-resistant lineage. This study provides novel insight into the genomic epidemiology and antimicrobial susceptibility profile of ETEC infections in indigenous adults for the first time, which further improves our understanding on ETEC epidemiology and has implications for the development of vaccine and future surveillance and prevention of ETEC infections.

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"Cover". Japanese Journal of Applied Entomology and Zoology 56, n. 3 (2012): H31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1303/jjaez.2012.h31.

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"Cover". Applied Entomology and Zoology 45, n. 3 (2010): H31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1303/aez.2010.h31.

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"Cover". Japanese Journal of Applied Entomology and Zoology 54, n. 3 (2010): H31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1303/jjaez.2010.h31.

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46

"Cover". Japanese Journal of Applied Entomology and Zoology 55, n. 3 (2011): H31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1303/jjaez.2011.h31.

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47

"Cover". Japanese Journal of Applied Entomology and Zoology 57, n. 3 (2013): H31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1303/jjaez.2013.h31.

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"Cover". Japanese Journal of Applied Entomology and Zoology 58, n. 3 (2014): H31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1303/jjaez.2014.h31.

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49

"Cover". Japanese journal of applied entomology and zoology 59, n. 3 (2015): H31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1303/jjaez.2015.h31.

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50

"Cover". Japanese journal of applied entomology and zoology 60, n. 3 (2016): H31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1303/jjaez.2016.h31.

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