Articoli di riviste: "Great Britain Administration"

1

Hughes, Meredydd G. "Great Britain". Educational Administration Quarterly 21, n. 1 (febbraio 1985): 129–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0013161x85021001010.

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Davydov, Andrey. "US - Great Britain Economic Relations". Russia and America in the 21st Century, n. 5 (2023): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s207054760028381-6.

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This article covers the major trends of United States and Great Britain economic relations. Economic cooperation between these countries is closely connected with the phenomenon of “special relationships” in the political field. Sources and main points of the “special relationships” are being analyzed in the article. British departure from the European Union created possibilities to develop further economic cooperation between the United States and the United Kingdom. Negotiations on free trade agreement started under Donald Trump administration but were frozen under current US administration. In the result UK proved to be between Scylla and Charybdis. The article covers major trends of structural changes in mutual trade and investment flows during last decade. Statistical analysis shows that oil and natural gas are the major articles of US export to Great Britain. United Kingdom is exporting transport equipment, chemicals and different types of machinery. Different services (professional, business, finance and science) are also important for mutual cooperation. Current investment positions of both countries are being analyzed. Great Britain is interested to get American direct investment in different fields. UK big holding companies are the major target of US direct investors. British equities are also in great demand on the global financial market. Most of British capitals are invested in manufacturing companies of the US. Current situation with free trade negotiations is being analyzed. President John Baiden administration realizes conservative economic policy. US conservative policy is aimed to support national producers. In view of the above it is highly likely that trade negotiations between US and UK will not be in progress for a long period.

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Power, Sally, e Geoff Whitty. "Education Reform in Great Britain: An Interim Review". Educational Administration Quarterly 33, n. 2 (aprile 1997): 136–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0013161x97033002002.

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4

Lutsenko, N. "EVOLUTION OF SPECIAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN US AND UK DURING DONALD TRUMP`S ADMINISTRATION". Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. History, n. 149 (2021): 37–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2640.2021.149.8.

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An article is an attempt to study «special relationships» between the United States and Great Britain. The author mentioned that the presidential elections in the USA and the fact that Donald Trump became a new president reflected on the relationships between the United States and Great Britain. The attention is given to the role of personality in states’ relationships. The article illustrates that Donald Trump`s populism in his speeches played a negative role for making stable relationships with the UK. More specifically, Donald Trump's criticism of London's mayor Sadiq Khan, Scotland Yard evocated a negative social reaction in Great Britain. As shown in the article, the citizens of the United Kingdom were shocked by Donald Trump`s islamophobia and his Facebook post of the far-right organization «Britain first». Indeed, it was the reason for massive protests during Donald Trump's official visit to the United Kingdom in 2018. The reference should be made to the fact that in 2016 the UK citizens decided to leave European Union. Despite the fact that Donald Trump approved this decision he criticized British prime-minister Theresa May for soft Brexit. As shown in the article contrary to the strong criticism of the British government Donald Trump visited Great Britain three times during his presidential term. These official trips were directed on normalization of Anglo-American relationships. Queen Elizabeth twice met Donald Trump and they both mentioned that special relationships are important for their countries. Research has shown that during Boris Johnson’s premiership US-UK relations became stronger. This factor is due to close Trump`s and Johnson's political views. The article illustrates that the United States and Great Britain still have special relationships. Countries have strong intelligence, military and nuclear cooperation. Both the US and the UK are still key economical partners and they are interested in safety relationships.

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Wright, Vincent. "Le cas britannique : le démantèlement de l’administration traditionnelle". Revue française d'administration publique 75, n. 1 (1995): 355–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/rfap.1995.2975.

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The Dismantling of Traditional Administration : The Case in Great Britain. Reform of public administration in Great Britain began in 1979 with the Conservative Party newly-installed in power. This modernization policy, strongly motivated by ideological factors, proceeded with a complete calling into question of traditional characteristics of British central administration. Subsequent modifications focused on two main areas : on the one hand, political leaders reinforced their means of control in an effort to assert their authority, and on the other hand, a vast campaign of privatizations was launched, accompanied by numerous measures designed to increase the efficiency of administrative activity.

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6

Kemp, Peter A. "Housing Benefit: Great Britain in Comparative Perspective". Public Finance and Management 6, n. 1 (marzo 2006): 65–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/152397210600600104.

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Britain has a relatively unusual housing allowance scheme compared with those in many other countries. It is also one that has experienced many problems and attracted much criticism. the Labour Government is currently introducing a radical reform of the scheme, which aims to tackle its many problems. the purpose of this article is to consider the British scheme and its planned replacement in comparative perspective. It is argued that, although the new scheme will tackle some of the design faults of the current scheme, other difficulties will be left untouched and important problems with the administration of housing benefit will therefore remain. the new scheme will also be unusual by comparison with housing allowances in other countries, but in a different way from the scheme it is due to replace.

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Bownes, Mary. "The work of dietitians in Great Britain". Social Policy & Administration 27, n. 4 (dicembre 1993): 335–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9515.1993.tb00549.x.

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Khanyk, Y. B. "APPLICATION OF PUBLIC MARKETING IN THE PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION OF GREAT BRITAIN". Investytsiyi: praktyka ta dosvid, n. 4 (7 aprile 2022): 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.32702/2306-6814.2022.4.138.

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9

King, Anthony. "GOVERNMENTAL RESPONSES TO BUDGET SCARCITY: GREAT BRITAIN". Policy Studies Journal 13, n. 3 (marzo 1985): 476–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1541-0072.1985.tb01585.x.

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Ohotnykova, Olha Volodymyrivna. "IMPLEMENTATION OF THE MERITOCRATIC PRINCIPLE IN EUROPEAN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION SYSTEMS". International Journal of Legal Studies ( IJOLS ) 4, n. 2 (30 dicembre 2018): 91–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.0005.

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The article analyzed the experience of forming the personnel of the public administration system in France, Germany, Great Britain, Poland, Latvia. The author defined the procedures for selection and formation of a management elite in these countries. The article noted that the main stages of selection and formation of managerial personnel is the passage of the system of examinations on language proficiency and knowledge of legislation. The author stated that in France, Germany, Great Britain, Poland, Latvia there is no legislative regulation of the meritocratic principle as a principle of selection of talented specialists. In addition, the personal qualities of the managerial elite remain to be neglected. Separately, the question of creating a reserve of talented youth is needed, which will allow permanent rotation of staff in the system of public administration, and also create conditions for the development of personnel, depending on their talents and abilities. The author proposes ways to improve the system of examinations and procedures for recruiting.

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11

Owen, Glyn. "Continuity and change: sub-national government in Great Britain". Public Policy and Administration 11, n. 3 (settembre 1996): 67–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/095207679601100308.

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12

Proper, Eve. "Bringing educational fundraising back to Great Britain: A comparison with the United States". Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management 31, n. 2 (27 aprile 2009): 149–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13600800902825850.

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Lang, Achim. "Collaborative Governance in Health and Technology Policy: The Use and Effects of Procedural Policy Instruments". Administration & Society 51, n. 2 (10 agosto 2016): 272–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0095399716664163.

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Stimulating technological innovations and limiting access to expensive health technology require the coordination and coherence of overlapping policy sub-systems: research, market access, and reimbursement. This study investigates which procedural policy instruments proved more successful in integrating collaborative governance arrangements in Great Britain and Germany. A new classification of procedural policy instruments is developed based on the targeted dimensions of collaborative governance (network structure and policy phase). The comparative analysis rests on expert interviews and meeting records and reveals that, in Great Britain, active leadership prevails during the consultations, while Germany, in contrast, presents a case of inconsistent governance.

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14

Unwin, Patrick R., e Robert W. Unwin. "Humphry Davy and the Royal Institution of Great Britain". Notes and Records of the Royal Society 63, n. 1 (28 luglio 2008): 7–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsnr.2008.0010.

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The abortive attempts of Sir Humphry Davy to introduce modest reforms at the Royal Society of London during his Presidency (1820–27) contrast with his (largely unstudied) earlier experience of administration at the Royal Institution of Great Britain (RI). Davy's attempts to combat the systemic weaknesses in governance and funding, and his role in effecting changes at the RI, in association with a core group of reformers, merit consideration. This paper analyses important aspects of the early management and social structure of the RI and examines the inner workings of the institution. It shows how and why the Library, its most valuable financial asset, and its celebrated Laboratory, developed along distinctive lines, each with its own support structures and intra-institutional interests. While acknowledging the roles traditionally ascribed to Count Rumford and Sir Joseph Banks, the paper highlights the contributions of other early patrons such as Thomas Bernard, son of a colonial governor of Massachusetts, and Earl Spencer, a leading European bibliophile and RI President from 1813 to 1825. The promotion of a Bill in Parliament in 1810, designed to transform the RI from a proprietary body politic into a corporation of members, and the subsequent framing of the bye-laws, provided opportunities to establish a more democratic structure of elected committees for the conduct of science.

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von Beyme, Klaus. "The Effects of Reunification on German Democracy: A Preliminary Evaluation of a Great Social Experiment". Government and Opposition 27, n. 2 (1 aprile 1992): 158–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-7053.1992.tb00594.x.

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A Great Deal of Macro-Sociological theory in Germany since Max Weber has been devoted to the inquiry into the 'special German road to development' and to the incompatability of developments in the economic and political sectors. Germany, after its first unification in 1871, developed quickly into an important economic power. In the late-nineteenth century Germany overtook Britain in economic strength and seemed to be second only to the United States. Britain, however, remained the unmatched model of development: it was, together with the United States, the only country which synchronized effectively the development towards democracy and towards modern capitalism. Even France — the second successful model in Europe — went through various breakdowns of its political development in 1830, 1848, 1870–71. Even later, threats of a breakdown of the constitutional parliamentary systems were latent.

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Kutepova, Maryna. "DEVELOPMENT OF CONTEMPORARY DEVOLUTION PROCESSES IN GREAT BRITAIN". Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Public Administration 15, n. 1 (2022): 20–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2616-9193.2022/15-4/9.

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The main purpose of the article is to analyze the devolutionary processes in Great Britain, which have intensified and institutionalized since the late twentieth century and continue to the present days, as well as their impact on the political and socio-economic development of its member countries – England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. Theoretical and methodological basis of the study are scientific methods and methodological approaches to understanding the process of interaction of public authorities under conditions of devolution. An important condition of the chosen research strategy is the observance of the principles of objectivity, multifactoriality and systematicity. The study is based on methodological principles of a systematic approach. Using a systems approach makes it possible to study the interaction of public authorities in the UK in the context of devolution as a single system. Based on the fact that devolution involves the creation of certain institutions, as well as institutional adaptation to a management system that adapts to new conditions, the main methodological approach to analysis was the institutional approach. The article emphasizes that for a long time the United Kingdom has been a model of decentralized political governance based on the culture of civil society and the representation of local interests in the national government. To a large extent, Britain's sustainable development depends on a periodic political compromise. It can alleviate the main contradiction of the British political system – the dichotomy of the principles of the supremacy of parliament and regional self-government. It is proved that the decentralization of public administration in the UK means the devolution of central government and increasing the responsibility of local government in the expansion and development of various forms of interaction between state and society. In general, the process of decentralization of power in the UK is complex and ambiguous one. The process of devolution in the UK is characterized by asymmetry, as evidenced by the lack of legislative powers of England. In this context, it is stated that the procedure of interaction between public authorities at different levels is not well established. Today there is a significant number of control functions, levers of administrative and financial pressure on central offices, as well as the lack of clear recommendations by which local authorities could determine what is within their competence and address urgent issues more effectively.

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Oplotnik, Tjaša. "Institutional Environment and Housing Conditions in the European Union". Lex localis - Journal of Local Self-Government 6, n. 3 (2 settembre 2009): 287–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.4335/56.

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There is no housing policy at the level of the European Union. Therefore, it is the domain of national options. There are also big differences between individual Member States. Despite that, the basic feature of the housing policies has been privatisation in most European countries over the last twenty years. It means transferring the responsibility for housing provision from the state to the market and formation of financial networks within which an individual can provide his or her housing. In nearly all EU Member States, including Slovenia, a major volume of selective allocation of housing construction for the market and a higher level of housing quality are noticeable. The purpose of this paper is to present the housing policies and the housing market conditions in Slovenia, Great Britain, Germany, Sweden and Spain. On the basis of the comparative analysis of the selected countries, we tried to present characteristics, differences or similarities in the housing standard. They are reflected in the quality, availability and accessibility of the housing stock. KEY WORDS: • housing market • housing policy • quality • availability • accessibility • housing stock • Slovenia • Great Britain • Germany • Sweden • Spain

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Ahn, Suntai. "Comparative Political Finance Among the Five Democratic States: The United States, Great Britain, Australia, Japan, and South Korea". Korean Journal of Policy Studies 16, n. 2 (28 febbraio 2002): 23–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.52372/kjps16203.

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This study of comparative political fiancé deals primarily with how campaign money is regulated in five democratic states which include the United States, Great Britain, Australia, Japan, and South Korea. One central theme that can be detected in all the countries examined is that there is an universal trend towards consideration of the public funding of the electionerring process, with the United States leading the pack with a successful implementation of the public financing of its presidential elections since 1976. Japan and Korea are considered relatively newcomers in joining the ranks emerging democracies but both countries are certainly making valiant attempts at reforming their systems of campaign finances to ensure more transparency and accountability.

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Balls, Ed. "Call for action over UK poverty". Benefits: A Journal of Poverty and Social Justice 14, n. 1 (febbraio 2006): 7–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.51952/lbvp7661.

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When people say that politics is not relevant and that young people are disengaged from political issues, or when some say we are all too small or insignificant to make a difference, we can reply: look at the Make Poverty History campaign. Yet here in Britain, we cannot with credibility call for an end to world poverty if we cannot take the necessary actions – and build a political consensus – to end child poverty here in our own backyard. It is a source of great shame to us all – a scar across Britain’s soul – that between the 1970s and 1990s the proportion of children in relative low-income households more than doubled to over four million.

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Peregudov, S. "2010 Elections in Great Britain: Dismantlement of Two-Party System or Recurrent Failure?" World Economy and International Relations, n. 10 (2010): 12–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2010-10-12-21.

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The inability of either Labourists or Conservatives to form a parliamentary majority government after elections, and Liberal-Democratic Party's assuming a position that allows to qualify for a real participation in the state administration, change not only the balance of power, but also the contry's party-political system functioning principles themselves. Not less essential is the change in relations between society and government which became apparent during the electoral campaign and allows to raise an issue of a qualitative shift in the British democracy model.

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Daddow, Oliver J. "Euroscepticism and History Education in Britain". Government and Opposition 41, n. 1 (2006): 64–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-7053.2006.00171.x.

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AbstractThis article examines the role played by national history in generating and sustaining the popularity of British Eurosceptic arguments. The core argument advanced is that the modernist approach to history prevalent among British historians and the society in which they work has to be considered the key reason for Euroscepticism retaining such a popular appeal in Britain. The overly reverential attitude to recent martial history on the part of the British, and an almost total neglect of the peacetime dimensions of modern European history since 1945, both serve to exaggerate the tendency in the country to fall back on glib images of Britain as a great power with a ‘special relationship’ across the Atlantic and Europe as a hostile ‘other’ to be confronted rather than engaged with constructively.

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Greene, Benjamin P. "S. R. Joey Long (2011).Safe for Decolonization: The Eisenhower Administration, Great Britain, and Singapore". Diplomacy & Statecraft 23, n. 3 (settembre 2012): 605–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09592296.2012.706547.

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Nikolic, Anja. "Similarities and differences in imperial administration Great Britain in Egypt and Austria-Hungary in Bosnia-Herzegovina 1878-1903". Balcanica, n. 47 (2016): 177–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/balc1647177n.

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This article discusses the similarities and differences of the position of Great Britain in Egypt and Austria-Hungary in Bosnia-Herzegovina in the age of New Imperialism. Comparative approach will allow us to put both situations in their historical context. Austria-Hungary?s absorption of Bosnia-Herzegovina was part of colonial involvement throughout the world. Egypt and Bosnia-Herzegovina were formally parts of the Ottoman Empire, although occupied and administrated by European Powers. Two administrators, Evelyn Baring as consul-general in Egypt and Benjamin von K?llay as civil administrator of Bosnia-Herzegovina, believed that it was their duty to bring ?civilization?, prosperity and western culture to these lands - a classic argumentation found in the New Imperialism discourse. One of the most important tasks for both administrators was fighting the national movements, which led to the suppression of political freedoms and the introduction of a large administrative apparatus to govern the newly-occupied lands. Complete control over political life and the educational system was also one of the major features of both administrations. Both Great Britain in Egypt and Austria-Hungary in Bosnia-Herzegovina never tackled the agrarian question for their own political reasons. British rule in Egypt and Austro-Hungarian in Bosnia-Herzegovina bore striking resemblances.

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Сороко e A. Soroko. "Information and Communication Technologies as the Tool of Increase of Efficiency of Public Administration: International and National Experience". Administration 2, n. 2 (16 giugno 2014): 74–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/4173.

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The best foreign practice related to creation of specialized information resources, on which data on public service’s various aspects are allocated, is considered, experiment of Italy, Canada, Singapore, Norway, Brazil, USA, Great Britain, India, Finland is shown. Results of work on preparation to creation on a Portal basis a uniform information system of Russia’s civil service human resource management have been presented.

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Lutsenko, Nazarii. "FUNDAMENTAL INDICATION OF THE «SPECIAL RELATIONSHIP» BETWEEN THE USA AND GREAT BRITAIN". American History & Politics: Scientific edition, n. 16 (2023): 61–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2521-1706.2023.16.5.

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The aim of this article is to shed light on the phenomenon of «special relations» between the United States of America and Great Britain. Despite the fact that the topic gained considerable attention in the academic literature and the term «special relations» is applied to different states and regions, it is necessary to understand its origins. The purpose of the article is to investigate the phenomenon of American-British relations, to analyze the historical and political view of the problem, and to formulate the characteristics of the relations between the United States and the United Kingdom. Chronological limits are determined by the first mention of the term in 1946 and the presidential term of D.Trump, who managed the office in 2017–2021. Methodology of the article. Hypotheses were tested through historiographical analysis and the historical-comparative method were used to analyze published studies on the history of «special relations». The scientific novelty of the study consists in determining the peculiarities of relations between the United States and Great Britain during the tenure of Donald Trump. Therefore, the «special relationship» is a unique historically formed complex of interaction between the USA and Great Britain, which is manifested in various spheres of public life: political (to have an opportunity for better implementation of their own foreign policy), military (the USA and the United Kingdom have an unprecedented level of mutual trust and cooperation in the field of intelligence and nuclear programs), cultural (the historical memory of both nations makes American and British society sensitive to the problems of their «English-speaking neighbours»). We consider it necessary to highlight the following features of American-British relations:the long-term historical interaction that brought the two nations closer together and laid the foundation for relations between the United States and Great Britain; the common ideology of liberalism; cooperation provides an opportunity to better implement one’s own foreign policy; close relations between political figures of states; relations are characterized by periodic «approaching and distancing», which create new challenges for the allies. Each of these features is traced in the relations between the USA and Great Britain and during the administration of Donald Trump. Both states faced a number of challenges in international politics, due to the crisis state of the modern system of international relations. The governments of the United States and the United Kingdom have demonstrated the ability to compromise in critical situations, that proves the uniqueness of such an alliance.

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Gal, John. "Categorical Benefits in Welfare States: Findings from Great Britain and Israel". International Social Security Review 51, n. 1 (gennaio 1998): 73–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-246x.00004.

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Nikitin, Dmitrii. "Indian National Congress in the Years of the Lansdowne’s Government (1888–1894): Problems of Development". Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija 4. Istorija. Regionovedenie. Mezhdunarodnye otnoshenija, n. 4 (agosto 2023): 156–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu4.2023.4.12.

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Introduction. The article is devoted to the study of the main activities of the Indian National Congress (INC) during the reign of Viceroy Lansdowne. During this period, the main objects of the Congress were official recognition by the colonial administration and the expansion of propaganda work in Britain. But Congress also had several internal problems, such as an undeveloped organizational structure and controversies over unresolved social problems in India. Methods and materials. Based on reports on the annual sessions of the INC and the Indian and British press, the article examines the main problems of the development of the INC in 1888– 1894, the reasons for the increased activity of the Congress in England and the process of the emergence of the Congress’ branches in London and the Indian Parliamentary Committee, and the peculiarities of the relationship between Congress and the colonial administration. Analysis. The Viceroy’s views on Congress and their differences from the previous course of the Indian government are analyzed. The specifics of the activities of the INC in Great Britain are revealed. Particular attention is paid to the parliamentary work of the Congress. The reasons for the intensification of internal contradictions in the INC in the early 1890s are investigated. Results. It is concluded that Viceroy Lansdowne’s refusal to abandon the repressive policy towards the Congress contributed to the progressive development of the Congress, which manifested itself in the revitalization of its activities in Great Britain. However, the development was accompanied by the strengthening of internal organizational contradictions and the beginning of the formation of a Congress’ radical wing.

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Latey, R. H., e T. J. Fahy. "Electroconvulsive Therapy in the Republic of Ireland 1982: A Summary of Findings". British Journal of Psychiatry 147, n. 4 (ottobre 1985): 438–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.147.4.438.

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In 1981, Pippard & Ellam published the findings of their survey of electroconvulsive treatment (ECT) in Great Britain. This was the first such survey to use a ‘medical audit’ approach, and included field visits to ECT clinics and a three-month uncontrolled outcome study of patients. They reported that ECT was used selectively, but that equipment, administration of the treatment, and clinic premises left much to be desired.

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Bell, John. "L’administration de la justice au Royaume-Uni". Revue française d'administration publique 57, n. 1 (1991): 105–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/rfap.1991.2448.

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Judicial Administration in Great Britain. Judicial organization and administration in Scotland, Northern Ireland and England are separate. They do, however, contain a large number of common elements : mainly the considerable increase in the number of litigations. The solution has been to extend the powers of the lower jurisdictions and to decentralize the activities of the higher jurisdictions : a limit on the verbal nature of debates, preliminary selection procedures to limit the number of appeals, etc. On the other hand, the procedures for recruiting magistrates (from among solicitors and barristers) makes it difficult to increase their numbers.

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Rehfuss, John. "The Competitive Agency: Thoughts from Contracting Out in Great Britain and the United States". International Review of Administrative Sciences 57, n. 3 (settembre 1991): 465–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002085239105700310.

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Parry, Geraint, e George Moyser. "A Map of Political Participation in Britain". Government and Opposition 25, n. 2 (1 aprile 1990): 147–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-7053.1990.tb00753.x.

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WHEREVER ONE TAKES A POSITION IN THE GREAT DEBATE between representative and participatory democrats it is clear that no democracy can function without the involvement of its citizens. What is at issue is the extent and nature of the citizen participation which is thought to be required if a democracy is to be worthy of its name. Whilst this is a fundamentally normative issue, the protagonists on both sides regularly cite evidence as to actual levels of participation and draw inferences from that evidence in support of their contentions.On the one side are those who assert that in Britain ‘some of the spectators have begun to descend on to the field’; on the other are those who say that ‘the “grass roots” of politics seem shrivelled and starved of the nourishment of participation by the citizens’. For this reason, as Jane Mansbridge has said, ‘field studies of what happens to various ideals when people try to live by them could prove useful in clarifying a wide range of normative questions.

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Lutsenko, Nazarii. "United States – United Kingdom military cooperation under Donald Trump’s administration (2017 – 2021)". American History & Politics: Scientific edition, n. 12 (2021): 43–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2521-1706.2021.12.4.

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This article refers to military cooperation between the United States and Great Britain. Their relationship constitutes an important component of the system of the international relations. Both countries have nuclear weapons and the latest military technology. Both states are sending troops to resolve military conflicts in the Middle East and North Africa. The United States and the United Kingdom provide a significant support to Ukraine in its confrontation with the Russian Federation. Methodology. The research is based on chronological, historical-political and comparative methods. The purpose of the article is to study the changes and the development of the US-British bilateral relations in the context of military cooperation. Looking at the results of this study, the US-British military relations under the Donald Trump administration have not changed. The article illustrates that the United States and the United Kingdom are the main partners in the production of weapons and equipment, strategic planning of operations. British ships in the Asian-Pacific and Middle East plying with the US Navy, repeatedly conducted joint exercises. These are the only countries that conduct the bilateral military exercises almost every year. Under the premiership of Theresa May and Boris Johnson, the United Kingdom pursued a foreign policy strategy which is called Global Britain. The main goal is to make the country more powerful in the international arena. At the same time Donald Trump`s main strategy was to «Made America great again». So, sometimes there were some political discussions among political leaders how to react and to solve the problems in the Middle East, especially in Iraq. However, this did not affect the proximity of the military partnership. Both countries work closely together in the military force and in intelligence.

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Turner, Neil, Ian Driver, Jane A. Salotti, Mark S. Pearce e Tim Cheetham. "Increasing use of radioiodine in young people with thyrotoxicosis in Great Britain". European Journal of Endocrinology 167, n. 5 (novembre 2012): 715–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eje-12-0542.

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Objective Radioiodine (RI) is an important therapeutic option in young patients with thyrotoxicosis. We wanted to determine whether RI is being used more frequently in this age group. Design National survey of Great Britain (England, Wales and Scotland). Methods Sixty-one medical physics departments were asked to provide the age and number of patients with thyrotoxicosis <21 years treated with RI (1990–2008). Information on the total number of RI treatments for thyrotoxicosis was also collected. Results Forty-three departments (70%), with representation from 21 of the 25 most populous areas of Great Britain, provided data on 69 258 treatments. The number of treatments recorded on patients <21 years during this period was 560 (0.9%). The frequency of treatments in young people as a percentage of the total increased from 0.2% in 1990 to 1.5% in 2008 (P<0.001). When the 18 centres submitting at least 17 years of data were analysed, a similar pattern was observed. The maximum number of young people treated was greatest in 2008 (62) with a fall in the youngest age at which RI was administered from 18 years (1990) to 11 years (2008). Conclusions A rising proportion of patients with thyrotoxicosis receiving RI are in those <21 years. This is largely due to an increase in the number of young people treated with a reduction in the minimum age at RI administration. We suspect that European clinicians are becoming more comfortable with RI treatment in young people with thyrotoxicosis, although a changing incidence is a potential contributing factor.

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Klimek, Ludger, Natalija Novak, Eckard Hamelmann, Thomas Werfel, Martin Wagenmann, Christian Taube, Andrea Bauer et al. "Severe allergic reactions after COVID-19 vaccination with the Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine in Great Britain and USA". Allergo Journal International 30, n. 2 (24 febbraio 2021): 51–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40629-020-00160-4.

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SummaryTwo employees of the National Health Service (NHS) in England developed severe allergic reactions following administration of BNT162b2 vaccine against COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019). The British SmPC for the BNT162b2 vaccine already includes reference to a contraindication for use in individuals who have had an allergic reaction to the vaccine or any of its components. As a precautionary measure, the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) has issued interim guidance to the NHS not to vaccinate in principle in “patients with severe allergies”. Allergic reactions to vaccines are very rare, but vaccine components are known to cause allergic reactions. BNT162b2 is a vaccine based on an mRNA embedded in lipid nanoparticles and blended with other substances to enable its transport into the cells. In the pivotal phase III clinical trial, the BNT162b2 vaccine was generally well tolerated, but this large clinical trial, used to support vaccine approval by the MHRA and US Food and Drug Administration, excluded individuals with a “history of a severe adverse reaction related to the vaccine and/or a severe allergic reaction (e.g., anaphylaxis) to a component of the study medication”. Vaccines are recognized as one of the most effective public health interventions. This repeated administration of a foreign protein (antigen) necessitates a careful allergological history before each application and diagnostic clarification and a risk–benefit assessment before each injection. Severe allergic reactions to vaccines are rare but can be life-threatening, and it is prudent to raise awareness of this hazard among vaccination teams and to take adequate precautions while more experience is gained with this new vaccine.

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Jantz, Bastian, Tanja Klenk, Flemming Larsen e Jay Wiggan. "Marketization and Varieties of Accountability Relationships in Employment Services: Comparing Denmark, Germany, and Great Britain". Administration & Society 50, n. 3 (22 aprile 2015): 321–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0095399715581622.

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In the past decade, European countries have contracted out public employment service functions to “activate” working-age benefit clients. There has been limited discussion of how contracting out shapes the accountability of employment services or is shaped by alternative democratic, administrative, or network forms of accountability. This article examines employment service accountability in Germany, Denmark, and Great Britain. We find that market accountability instruments are additional instruments, not replacements. The findings highlight the importance of administrative and political instruments in legitimizing marketized service provision and shed light on the processes that lead to the development of a hybrid accountability model.

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Nohrin, I. M. "The Statement of the British Administration in Quebec and the Problem of Adaptation of the Traditional Colonial Policy (the Middle of 1760th)". Izvestiya of Saratov University. History. International Relations 12, n. 3 (2012): 23–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.18500/1819-4907-2012-12-3-23-27.

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Article is devoted to studying of policy of Great Britain in Quebec in the first years after the termination of Seven-year war. The author has concentrated his attention on researching of factors of its formation: the governmental course, policy of governor-generals, the conflict of interests of English merchants and the French community. The special attention is given to a problem of formation of administration political course on the basis of struggle of «old» and «new» social groups.

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Johnston, R. J., I. MacAllister e C. J. Pattie. "The Funding of Constituency Party General Election Campaigns in Great Britain". Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy 17, n. 4 (agosto 1999): 391–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/c170391.

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Haux, Tina. "Understanding Employment Barriers for Lone Parents in Great Britain: Research Gaps and Missed Opportunities". Social Policy & Administration 47, n. 4 (7 giugno 2013): 468–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/spol.12030.

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Galbraith, James K., Harold D. Clarke, Marianne C. Stewart e Gary Zuk. "Economic Decline and Political Change: Canada, Great Britain and the United States". Journal of Policy Analysis and Management 10, n. 1 (1991): 134. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3325524.

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Bolden, Tony, e Reg Harman. "New development: High speed rail in Great Britain—its rationale and purpose". Public Money & Management 33, n. 6 (novembre 2013): 463–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09540962.2013.836011.

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Peters, John F., Sheila B. Kamerman e Alfred J. Kahn. "Family Change and Family Policies in Great Britain, Canada, New Zealand and the United States". Canadian Public Policy / Analyse de Politiques 25, n. 3 (settembre 1999): 422. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3551532.

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Carnis, Laurent. "The automated speed enforcement system in Great Britain: between a technical revolution and administrative continuity". International Review of Administrative Sciences 73, n. 4 (dicembre 2007): 597–610. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020852307083462.

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Zubko, Andrii. "YSTEM OF WEIGHT MEASURES IN GREAT BRITAIN, THE COUNTRIES OF NORTH AMERICA AND OCEANIA". Ethnic History of European Nations, n. 72 (2024): 30–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2518-1270.2024.72.04.

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The territory of the islands of Britain and Ireland was inhabited by people in prehistoric times. Numerous megalithic monuments remain from this culture. In the first millennium BC, Celtic tribes moved there from continental Europe, who later mixed with the local population. The maritime trade of the ancient civilisations of the Mediterranean with the population of the British Isles is reported by some historical sources of the antiquity. This trade was conducted by exchanging goods for goods. There is no information in historical sources about the measures, in particular weights, used by the ancient population of the British Isles in production and trade. In the first century BC, the Romans conquered the territory of Britain. They established their own system of measures, including weights, and their own monetary system. After the fall of the Roman Empire in the V century, Germanic tribes such as the Angles, Saxons, and Utes invaded Britain. At first, they created several kingdoms here, and in the IX century, they united into a single Anglo-Saxon state. It was during the Anglo-Saxon period from the V to the XI centuries that the foundations of the modern British System of Measures and Monetary System were laid. In the formation of the British weight system, units of weight measures of the Celts, Romans and Germans were used. Norms of weight measures were approved in the laws of the Anglo-Saxon kings of the X–XI centuries, which have survived to this day. The conquest of Britain in 1066 by the Norman Duke William did not make changes to the system of weight measures used here. Over the centuries, from time to time, for the purpose of improvement, royal decrees and laws amended these measures. The transformation of the weight measurement system for a thousand years can be studied precisely by analysing the materials of English legislation. In the XVI–XX centuries, Great Britain became a colonial power, whose possessions covered vast territories in the North America, Africa, Asia and Oceania. Here, the colonial administration introduced the British system of weight measures, but the local population used their own measures along with the British ones. After the gradual disintegration of the British colonial empire, some new states that were formed on the site of its former possessions – the USA, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand – continued to use British standards of weight measures. The British system of weight measurements is made public in the USA. Nowadays, the British system of weight measures, along with the metric, is officially considered the state in the United Kingdom.

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Gerber, Larry G. "The National Industrial Recovery Act in Comparative Perspective: Organized Labor's Role in American and British Efforts at Industrial Planning, 1929–1933". Journal of Policy History 6, n. 4 (ottobre 1994): 403–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0898030600004012.

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In both the United States and Britain, the Great Depression generated widespread interest in the possibility of utilizing state power to foster the development of corporatist institutions to restore order and stability to economic life. However, whereas Britian made only piecemeal efforts to implement corporatist mechanisms in a few selected industries, the United States proved willing, at least temporarily, to implement a far more thoroughgoing experiment in corporatism—he National Recovery Administration (NRA). This article seeks to explain this divergence in American and British policy responses to the depression. While considering the extent to which differences in state capacities, ideology, political contingencies, and the structure of economic organization may have contributed to America's greater willingness to attempt a comprehensive experiment with corporatism in the early 1930s, this article focuses on the importance of the weakness of organized labor in the American—as opposed to the British—political economy as an explanatory factor in the divergent experiences of the two nations.

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Chumachenko, V. Y., e O. H. Kozynets. "Constitutional and legal status of the british monarch". Analytical and Comparative Jurisprudence, n. 5 (30 dicembre 2022): 62–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2788-6018.2022.05.11.

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The article examines the issue of the essence of the constitutional and legal status of the monarch of Great Britain. It is noted that the constitutional experience of Great Britain is unique. This country has almost the oldest constitutional history and practice. The relevance of the research topic is due to the fact that starting from the 17th century the role of the monarch in state administration was constantly changing by permanently reducing the powers of the royal power As a result of the adoption by the Parliament of the Bill of Rights in 1689 and the Act of Organization in 1701, the departure from absolutism and the final establishment of the constitutional monarchy were legally fixed in England. The article aims to investigate the main aspects of the constitutional and legal status of the British monarch It is noted that today the monarch is the head of state and the formal source of sovereign power, and also acts as a symbol of the unity of the nation and the guarantor of state continuity and stability in society. In Great Britain, the vast majority of the powers of the head of state are exercised by other bodies, primarily the government and its head, so we can state that the real powers of the monarch in Great Britain are largely limited. During the reign of Elizabeth II, who will die in 2022, the monarchy was seen more as a symbolic institution representing the united British people. Later, the Eldest son of the late Queen of Great Britain – 73-year-old Charles – came to power. He became the new monarch and received the title of king. As a result of the research, the authors come to the conclusion that the Monarch is recognized as the source of sovereign power, a symbol of the unity of the nation, and the head of the Anglican and Presbyterian churches. Due to the fact that the Monarch is a politically neutral figure, he acts as a guarantor of stability in the state and society. At the same time, although the monarch is part of the parliament, in English legal doctrine it is customary to put the head of state in the first place in the system of higher state authorities.

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Velichko, Ekaterina. "To the Establishment of the Practice of Royal Visits to the Colonies of Great Britain: Background for the First Official Tour of the Prince of Wales to Canada in 1860". Izvestia of Smolensk State University, n. 2(62) (18 dicembre 2023): 197–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.35785/2072-9464-2023-62-197-210.

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The article regards the background of the first official visit of a member of the royal family to the colonial possessions of the British Empire – the tour of the Prince of Wales to Canada in 1860. The purpose of the analysis is to trace how the history of the emergence and development of the idea of traveling the heir to the British throne to Canada reflected the evolution of the views of the British and colonial politicianson of the Empire building and its perspectives. It is proved that the initiative of the royal journey,coming from the Canadian administration and supported by the British government,was aimed at strengthening ties between the mother country and the colony and solving pragmatic problems on both sides.The obtained results allow us to conclude that the project of the first official royal tour to overseas territories of Britain, being a product of the thought of the colonial society, indicated the mutual desire of the administration of Britain and Canada to find a balance of interests between the mother country and the colony in the process of updating forms and methods of colonial interaction and constructing the course of imperial policy.

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Dillman, David L. "Personnel management and productivity reform: Taming the civil service in Great Britain and the United States". International Journal of Public Administration 8, n. 2 (gennaio 1986): 203–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01900698608524514.

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Dillman, David L. "Personnel management and productivity reform: Taming the civil service in Great Britain and the United States". International Journal of Public Administration 8, n. 4 (gennaio 1986): 345–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01900698608524523.

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Plowden, William. "La administración pública en Gran Bretaña". Cuadernos de difusión, n. 4 (30 dicembre 1993): 35–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.46631/jefas.1993.n4.02.

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This article focuses on the central national government of Great Britain. It outlines the most important permanent features of the British administration, those which have remained constant over the past hundred years or so. It then describes the major changes in the public service between 1960 and 1970 and during the government of Margaret Thatcher. It also discusses some unresolved issues and identifies key lessons learned on how to reform and maintain an efficient public administration. Furthermore, it is explained that the British civil service has been altered by accession to the European Community, because their laws restrict the formulation or implementation of British public policies. Finally, thirteen essential elements for an effective civil service in a modern democratic state are mentioned.

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Barmin, V. A. "Soviet Opposition to British Expansion in Xinjiang Province during the Period of National Movement of Indigenous Peoples in 1931–1934". Bulletin of Kemerovo State University 24, n. 1 (11 aprile 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2078-8975-2022-24-1-1-9.

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The article deals with the development of international relations in Central Asia in the 1930s. The research featured the relationship between England and the Soviet Union during the uprising of the indigenous peoples of Xinjiang against the Chinese administration in 1931–1934. The analysis involved recent publications and archival sources. The research clarifies the historical picture of the confrontation between Great Britain and the Soviet Union in Central Asia. London made persistent attempts to establish its control over the rebel movement in order to gain economic and political influence in the province, which it had lost in the 1920s. However, the reciprocal actions of the Soviet government proved effective and completely deprived Britain of any serious prospects in that region. The confrontation, its forms, methods, and results affected the entire complex of international relations in Central Asia. The conflict became the final episode of the Great Game, which later determined the predominant position of the Soviet Union in Central Asia. Contrary to the opinion of many western researchers, the USSR never intended to annex the territory of Xinjiang. The research summarizes the history of international relations in Central Asia.

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