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1
Djordjevic, Aleksandar. "Mobile nickel content in calcareous black soils of Rajac". Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Belgrade 47, n. 1 (2002): 29–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jas0201029d.
Abstract (sommario):
A description of mobile Ni contents in various subtypes of calcareous black soils from the area of the mountain massif of Rajac, is given in the present paper. A hundred soil samples were analysed in all, originating from four subtypes of calcareous black soil (organogenic, organo-mineral, brownized and loessivized black soils). The extraction of mobile Ni was carried out with 1.0 N HCl and its content was determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The obtained results indicate that mobile Ni content in the investigated soils varies within a wide range, from 5.0 to 251.3 mg/kg that it is very seldom (only in 3% of the investigated samples) within the range from 5 to 7 mg/kg, that in over 90% of the 100 investigated samples it is higher than 10 mg/kg, and in almost 3/5 of the samples it is higher than 20 mg/kg. Calcareous black soils of Rajac massif have much higher mobile Ni content than previously investigated black soils from calcareous massif of Rtanj, which is, by all means, only partly due to their more severe dealkalization and acidification. In addition, here is undoubtedly apparent the influence of the geological substrate, i.e. of serpentine rocks that border the calcareous massif of Rajac.
2
Stepanov, V. A., e V. Ye Kungurova. "Сульфидные медно-никелевые месторождения в срединных массивах Пиренейского полуострова и Камчатки". Bulletin of the North-East Science Center, n. 2 (30 giugno 2021): 17–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.34078/1814-0998-2021-2-17-30.
Abstract (sommario):
A comparative description of two sulfide copper-nickel deposits confined to the middle massifs is given: Aguablanca (Iberian Massif, Spain) and Shanuch (Kamchatka Massif, Russia). It was shown that both deposits are spatially and genetically related to small intrusions and dikes of mostly basic composition. Ore bodies are funnel-shaped, lenticular, stock-shaped, and vein-like, and are spread to significant depths. Both deposits contain rich sulfide copper-nickel ores as well as relatively poor; the ore texture is predominantly breccia or massive, seldom disseminated. Ore mineral composition includes pyrrhotite, pentlandite, and chalcopyrite with an insignificant admixture of minerals of the platinum group elements and gold. The ore bodies were topped with an "iron hat", which was the main sign of copper-nickel mineralization at depth.
3
Beyaert-Geslin, Anne. "Deux tables de Bonetti : des différences et des valeurs". Figures de l'Art. Revue d'études esthétiques 25, n. 1 (2013): 121–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/fdart.2013.1598.
Abstract (sommario):
L’article observe deux tables en bois et matériau précieux de Mattia Bonetti : Onde, une grande table en chêne massif brossé avec applications de laiton poli, d’or ou de nickel noir et Samourai, une table basse en wengé massif sertie à sa base de clous nickelés polis. Il caractérise les différences perceptive et statutaire qui les distinguent de la table générique, ce qui lui permet saisir les valeurs mises en jeu par un objet de design.
4
Alves, Ana R. A., Eduardo F. Silva e Luís A. B. Novo. "Morais Ultramafic Complex: A Survey towards Nickel Phytomining". Resources 8, n. 3 (11 agosto 2019): 144. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/resources8030144.
Abstract (sommario):
Ultramafic areas are critical for nickel (Ni) phytomining due to the high concentration of this element in their soils and the number of hyperaccumulators they harbor. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the potential of the Morais massif, an ultramafic area in Portugal, for phytomining using the hyperaccumulator species Alyssum serpyllifolium subsp. lusitanicum. Soil samples and A. serpyllifolium specimens were collected in four locations of the Morais massif. After determination of Ni concentrations in the samples, the results show that soil pseudo-total Ni concentrations in sites number 1 and 2 are significantly higher than in the soil samples collected in the other two locations, with 1918 and 2092 mg kg−1, respectively. Nickel accumulation is significantly greater in the aerial parts of plants collected at sites 1, 2, and 4, presenting Ni harvestable amount means of 88.36, 93.80, and 95.56 mg per plant, respectively. These results suggest that the sites with highest potential for phytomining are sites 1, 2, and 4. A nickel agromining system in these locations could represent an additional source of income to local farmers, since ultramafic soils have low productivity for agriculture and crop production.
5
Ilalova, R. K., e Yu L. Gulbin. "Thermometry of Nickel Bearing Chlorites from the Kolskii Massif (Northern Urals)". Geology of Ore Deposits 61, n. 8 (dicembre 2019): 736–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s107570151908004x.
6
Stepanov, V. A., V. Ye Kungurova e I. A. Koidan. "Металлогения Камчатского срединного массива". Bulletin of the North-East Science Center, n. 4 (28 dicembre 2020): 39–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.34078/1814-0998-2020-4-39-54.
Abstract (sommario):
The article describes the ore bearance of three stages of reflected activation of the Kamchatka middle massif: Late Cretaceous, Eocene, and Miocene. In the first stage, gold mineralization of the gold-quartz and gold-sulfide-quartz formations was formed; in the second - sulfide platinoid-copper-nickel; in the third - gold-copper-molybdenum-porphyry. The relationship of gold, sulfide platinoid-copper-nickel and gold-copper-molybdenum-porphyry mineralization with certain igneous rock complexes - (Kola, Dukuk and Lavkin) is shown. The mining of nickel, copper from the Shanuch deposit and gold from placers has been noted.
7
Teptina, Anzhelika Yu, e Alexander G. Paukov. "Nickel accumulation by species of Alyssum and Noccaea (Brassicaceae) from ultramafic soils in the Urals, Russia". Australian Journal of Botany 63, n. 2 (2015): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt14265.
Abstract (sommario):
Cool temperate regions have a limited number of species able to accumulate nickel (Ni) and other heavy metals in above-ground tissues. Our study was conducted in order to find accumulators of Ni on serpentine soils in the Middle and Southern Urals. Above-ground tissues of plants as well as soil samples were collected in 10 ultramafic massifs. Our results confirmed hyperaccumulation activity of Alyssum obovatum (C.A.Mey.) Turcz. Three species that appeared to be hemi-accumulators of Ni are Alyssum litvinovii Knjaz., Alyssum tortuosum Willd. and Noccaea thlaspidioides (Pall.) F.K.Mey. All these species are facultative accumulators/hyperaccumulators and exhibit different concentrations of Ni under a range of soil conditions. The highest Ni concentration was found in A. obovatum in Krakinskiy massif (6008 μg·g–1 dry mass), A. tortuosum (1789 μg·g–1) and A. litvinovii (160 μg·g–1) in Khabarninskiy massif, and N. thlaspidioides (741 μg·g–1) in Sugomakskiy massif (Southern Urals). Regression analysis shows statistically significant dependence of Ni concentrations in soil and tissue of both A. obovatum and A. tortuosum. The latter shows a dramatically high difference in the level of accumulation that varies from excluder to 20 μg g–1 Ni to hyperaccumulator levels, suggesting the existence of genetically distinct populations with the ability to vary their accumulation of Ni.
8
Chemyshev, N. M. "A NEW TYPE OF NICKEL SULFIDE MINERALIZATION IN THE VORONEZH CRYSTALLINE MASSIF". International Geology Review 27, n. 7 (luglio 1985): 859–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00206818509466472.
9
Sandimirova, E. I., E. G. Sidorov e V. M. Chubarov. "Accessory iron and nickel minerals from the Mt. Poputnaya ultramafic massif, eastern Kamchatka, Russia". Geology of Ore Deposits 58, n. 7 (dicembre 2016): 586–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1075701516070114.
10
Kaczan, Wojciech, Jan Kudełko e Herbert Wirth. "Szklary nickel deposit — a review and introduction to attempts in hydrometallurgical processing". Mineral Economics 34, n. 2 (12 maggio 2021): 315–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13563-021-00269-0.
Abstract (sommario):
AbstractSzklary Massif is situated about 60 km from Wrocław (southwestern Poland) and around 7 km from Ząbkowice Śląskie. The history of raw materials in this region started in the fifteenth century with the discovery of precious minerals like chrysoprase, chalcedony, and opal. The exploitation of nickel ore in this region started in the nineteenth century and was conducted with few stops until 1983. The remaining 17.21 mln mg of ore with 125,000 mg of nickel might be a chance to satisfy rising demand for raw materials used to develop electromobility. One of the crucial aspects regarding possible investment is the processing of ore. The pilot tests show the efficient use of heap leaching. The authors provide the future project in Szklary within the framework of circular economy.
11
Murzin, V. V., К. N. Malitch, I. Yu Badanina, D. A. Varlamov e I. S. Chashchukhin. "Mineral assemblages from chromitites of the Alapaevsk dunite-harzburgite massif (Middle Urals)". LITHOSPHERE (Russia) 23, n. 5 (3 novembre 2023): 740–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.24930/1681-9004-2023-23-5-740-765.
Abstract (sommario):
Research subject. Minerals and mineral assemblages of noble elements in chromitites of the Alapaevsk massif. Aim. A systematic mineralogical study of high-chromium (Cr) and alumina-rich (Al) chromitites with the development of a sequence scheme for mineral formation, including platinum-group minerals (PGMs) and gold alloys. Materials and Methods. Samples of high-Cr and Al chromitites from chromite deposits in various parts of the Alapaevsk massif. Scanning electron microscopy (Tescan VEGAII XMU and JSM-6390LV Jeol with EDX INCA Energy 450 X-Max 80 spectrometers) and electron microprobe analysis (Cameca SX 100 with five wave spectrometers) were used. Results. A diagram showing the sequence of mineral formation in chromitites was designed; primary and secondary mineral assemblages were distinguished, with the latter assemblage being divided into early and late mineral associations. Primary assemblages of high-Cr (Cr2O3 > 50 wt %) and Al (Cr2O3 < 50 wt %) ores are represented by similar minerals, including chromespinel, clinopyroxene, and olivine, with characteristically distinct compositions of these minerals in each type of ores. Minerals of the primary assemblage are synchronous with chrome-spinel and are represented by pentlandite, Cu-bearing pentlandite, chalcopyrite, pyrrhotite, bornite, as well as PGMs (laurite RuS2, erlichmanite OsS2, native osmium) and Cu-rich gold. Minerals of the secondary early association occur in the form of polyphase inclusions within chrome-spinel. Polyphase inclusions are composed of Cr-bearing chlorite, amphibole, garnet, sulfides (millerite, heazlewoodite) and minerals of native elements, including (Ni, Cr)-bearing copper, nickel-bearing copper, (Cu, Fe, Cr)-bearing nickel, awaruite. Noble metal minerals from the secondary early association were found only in Al chromitites and are represented by laurite, Pt- and Pd arsenides and stibnides, Ru-bearing pentlandite, and high-grade native gold. The secondary late mineral association consists of native copper and awaruite, which are intergrown with serpentine in high-Cr ore. The temperature conditions for the formation of secondary assemblages were estimated using a chlorite geothermometer. The formation temperatures of the studied chlorites from chromitites fall within the range of 250–284°C. Conclusions. Noble metal minerals from secondary associations were formed at temperatures below 350°C together with garnet, amphibole, chlorite, and nickel sulfides. Grains of primary Os–Ir–Ru alloys during epigenetic processes underwent sulfurization with the formation of a fine-grained porous mixture of native and sulfide (sometimes with As) phases, and replacement by Ru-pentlandite. The presence of awaruite and native Cu and Ni in both primary and secondary assemblages of chromotites indicates the reducing conditions for the formation of noble metal minerals. The limited occurrence of high-Cr ores, along with the manifested processes of sulfurization for primary grains of Os–Ir–Ru alloys, led to the scarcity of detrital PGM in the area of the Alapaevsk massif.
12
Korobkin, Valeriy, Iskander Samatov, Akhan Chaklikov e Zhamal Tulemissova. "Peculiarities of Dynamics of Hypergenic Mineral Transformation of Nickel Weathering Crusts of Ultramafic Rocks of the Kempirsay Group of Deposits in Western Kazakhstan". Minerals 12, n. 5 (20 maggio 2022): 650. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min12050650.
Abstract (sommario):
Nickel weathering ores are used to produce metallic nickel, stainless steels, and nickel sulfate, the main component of batteries. The global production of nickel from weathering ores is increasing and has surpassed production from sulfide magmatic deposits. The efficiency of the mining and processing of nickel ores from weathering rocks is determined by their mineralogical composition. The weathering crust profile of the Kempirsay ultramafite massif is divided into three zones—leached (kerolitized) serpentinites, nontronites, and final hydrolysis minerals (later referred to as “ochers”). The kerolitized zone consists of a mixture of Ni-bearing talc and saponites (later referred to as “kerolite”). During the geological mapping of the Donskoye, Buranovskoye, and Shelektinskoye deposits, the products of ultramafite hypergenic transformation into disintegrated and leached serpentinites, kerolites, nontronites, and ochers were selected and studied. For this purpose, 44 rock samples were studied via X-ray diffractometric and thermal analyses, supplemented with data from chemical, microscopic, and granulometric determinations. Based on the obtained numerical parameters of the crystalline structure of the weathering products, the thermochemical values were obtained. The hypergenic transformation of the initial minerals and their subsequent transformation were traced. The trace element distribution along the profile of the serpentinite weathering ores is related to the initial material composition of the ultramafites. The accumulation of nickel in industrial concentrations is associated with the nontronite–kerolite zone. X-ray diffractometric analysis can be used as a fast and reliable method for controlling the nickel content of ores and monitoring their mineralogical composition.
13
Goryachev, A. A., D. V. Makarov, S. S. Potapov, A. T. Belyaevskiy, V. V. Semushin e Alena A. Kompanchenko. "Processing of ore from the Nud II deposit by the method of low-temperature roasting with ammonium sulfate". Vestnik MGTU 26, n. 2 (30 giugno 2023): 137–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.21443/1560-9278-2023-26-2-137-149.
Abstract (sommario):
The Murmansk region has a significant amount of sulfide copper-nickel raw materials. Deposits of the Nud massif associated with Monchepluton are promising for processing. The Nud II deposit cut-off grade ore with an initial Ni content of 0.45 % and Cu of 0.39 % has been chosen as the research object. During the research, the ore was mixed with ammonium sulfate, grinded, and the mixture was roasted in a muffle furnace with static air atmosphere. The roasted mixture was leached in heated distilled water with constant stirring. The maximum metals recovery was achieved when crushing to a fraction of –40 µm, the ratio of ore : ammonium sulfate is equal to 1 : 7, roasting temperature 400 °C, roasting duration 300 min. In the mixture roasted at these parameters, reflexes of copper and nickel sulfates were recorded by the x-ray phase analysis (XRD) method. At the stage of water leaching, the maximum recovery was: Ni – 79.1 %, Cu – 75.8 %.
14
Braynchaninova, N. I., A. B. Makeyev e A. R. Makavetskas. "«Platinum» from the collection of A.F. Keller in the State geological museum RAS". Proceedings of higher educational establishments. Geology and Exploration, n. 3 (28 giugno 2017): 70–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.32454/0016-7762-2017-3-70-77.
Abstract (sommario):
The microprobe tests of the supposed platinum from the collection of F.A. Keller at the State geological museum of Russian Academy of Sciences have been carried out for the first time. The results have shown that the samples were indeed acquired in the XIX century in the Urals in Nizhnyi Tagil, a famous industrial area, supplied from Gospodskaya mine, being operated in that times. Concentrate platinum according to the shape and mineral compound corresponds to Isovsko-Turinskaya concentrates from Svetloborsky concentrically zoned dunite-clinopyroxenite platinum-bearing massif. Analyses of the chemical composition of the mineral phases have allowed making a list of the native metals minerals and platinum group minerals (PGM) in this collection: isoferroplatinum, r-isoferroplatinum, golden isoferroplatinum, copper-nickel tetraferroplatinum, osmium, Ru-osmium, iridium, Ru-iridium (ruthenosmiride), fine gold and tin.
15
Barrabé, Laure. "Four new species of Psychotria (Rubiaceae) from New Caledonia, including one presumed to be extinct". Phytotaxa 173, n. 2 (25 giugno 2014): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.173.2.1.
Abstract (sommario):
Psychotria (Rubiaceae) is the second largest genus of flowering plants in New Caledonia. A taxonomic revision in progress for this archipelago estimates the number of species as 81, all of them endemic, and 25 of which are new to science. Four of them are described and illustrated here: P. fambartiae, P. ireneae, P. nigotei and P. veillonii. Robust morphological characteristics were found to distinguish these four from other New Caledonian species. Psychotria veillonii, which is known only from the massif of Tiébaghi, might already be extinct as a result of intensive nickel mining in the area. According to the IUCN criteria, P. nigotei, should be considered Critically Endangered as it occurs only in two locations, which are close to one another; P. ireneae and P. fambartiae are considered Endangered and Vulnerable respectively, given their somewhat larger but limited distributions.
16
Filatova, V. T. "Peculiar features of correlation between petrophysical signatures of rocks and distribution of geophysical heterogeneities in the Monchegorsk ore area (Kola Peninsula, northeastern Baltic Shield)". Geofizicheskiy Zhurnal 43, n. 4 (5 ottobre 2021): 176–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.24028/gzh.v43i4.239969.
Abstract (sommario):
The current article presents stratified data on physical properties of rocks and ores from the Monchegorsk ore area (Kola region). The constructed petrodensity and petromagnetic maps reflect peculiar features of changes in petrophysical parameters of both Paleoproterozoic intrusive rocks and host rocks at the Archean basement of the area. To assess the complementarity degree of physical properties of the rocks and geophysical fields, we additionally analyzed the structure of geophysical anomalies (Δg, ΔZ) in the study area. It allowed constructing a distribution scheme for geophysical heterogeneity in the area and assessing their nature.
The conducted studies showed that nickel-bearing and potentially nickel-bearing intrusions in the Monchegorsk ore area were highly dense, but composed of weakly magnetic rocks. Layering of the gabbro-labradorite massif of the Main Ridge is reflected in petrophysical parameters, i. e. endocontact gabbro and gabbronorite show an increased density and magnetic susceptibility compared to leucocratic gabbro and labradorite in the core of the intrusion. Thus, petrophysical data indicate a general increase in the basicity of the rocks towards the bottom of the intrusion.
The discrepancy between intense geophysical anomalies and physical parameters of near-surface rocks of the block adjacent to the gabbro-labradorite massif of the Main Ridge in the southeast was revealed. This fact indicates a layer of dense rocks under the supracrustal basement rocks (a complex of gneisses and amphibolized volcanic-sedimentary rocks) and rocks of the Imandra-Varzuga structure. This layer can be composed of potentially nickel-bearing rocks of the Imandra complex, including intrusions of the clinopyroxene-wehrlite formation series exposed in some areas.
According to the configuration pattern of the identified axes of local magnetic anomalies, the Archean blocks are considered isolated areas given the uniform pattern they create, i. e. Belomorian — isometric structures, Kola — linearly extended. Therefore, during transformation of the structural plan in the Paleoproterozoic, the Archean blocks gave differentiated responses to the emerging stress-strain state of the environment and were subject to heterogeneous deformations.
The performed work, including integrated results of petrophysical studies with the analysis of the structure of geophysical anomalies in the ore region, is relevant in substantiating a strategy for prospecting for new ore occurrences and patterns of their localization, as well as for developing criteria for predicting industrial ores in the region. At the same time, the studies carried out make it possible to answer questions related to the reconstruction of the geodynamic settings that took place during the formation of the region’s crust.
17
Иващенко, Василий Иванович, e Vasily Ivashchenko. "ORE POTENTIAL OF THE ARAMINLAMPI MASSIF. THE QUESTION OF EXTENDING THE KOTALAHTI NICKEL BELT TO THE LAKE LADOGA AREA (PRILADOZHYE)". Proceedings of the Karelian Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, n. 10 (21 ottobre 2019): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.17076/geo1064.
18
Sidorov, M. D. "Physical properties of rocks and ores of the northwestern flank of the Kvinum-Kuvalorog Nickel-bearing zone (median massif, Kamchatka)". Mining Informational and analytical bulletin 12, n. 57 (2018): 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.25018/0236-1493-2018-12-57-5-12.
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Nurmukhamedov, Alexander G., Mikhail D. Sidorov e Yury P. Trukhin. "Origin and structural position of the Kamchatka median massif according to deep geological and geophysical surveys". Georesursy 25, n. 2 (30 giugno 2023): 254–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.18599/grs.2023.2.19.
Abstract (sommario):
The article shows the results of deep research along the profile of the settlement of Nizhnyaya Oblukovina – the city of Andrianovka, crossing the northern part of the Kamchatka median massif. A geological and geophysical model of the structure of the earth’s crust and upper mantle has been constructed, where the structural position of the object under study is presented and an assumption is made about its origin. The model highlights a fragment of paleosubduction (slab), which was part of the most ancient convergent boundary in western Kamchatka. The final stage of subduction blocking and its displacement to the east at a distance of ~60 km in the Early Eocene is associated with the entry into the accretionary complex of a terrane in the form of an island-arc plate 6–9 km thick. At the site of the maximum inflection of the subsequent slab, an extension zone was formed – a rift zone, along which the rise of mantle material and high-temperature fluid occurred. Approximately 52 million years ago, the processes of metamorphism, focal melting and intrusion of granites into the upper layers of the crust took place. As a result, in the eastern part of the plate and its flanks, a granitoid massif was formed with a rock density of 2.58 g/cm3, which is significantly lower than the environmental density. Density deficiency led to a violation of isostatic equilibrium and, as a result, to a rise in this part of the structure. The most intense uplift occurred at the end of the Oligocene, as a result of which a ledge was formed, which the authors recommend giving the name: “Middle Kamchatka ledge” instead of the rooted “Kamchatsky median massif”. The genetic relationship of the Shanuch ore region with the features of the deep structure of the lithosphere has been revealed. The results of the research indicate a hidden (buried) distribution of the island-arc plate beyond the boundaries of the mapped outcrops of metamorphids. Intrusions of the main composition, promising for the opening of sulfide copper-nickel ores, are located in the marginal parts of the ledge.
20
BOGOMOLOVA, Anna Evgen’evna. "Pentlandite and its alteration products in serpentinites of the Itkulsky ultrabasic massif (Southern Urals)". NEWS of the Ural State Mining University, n. 4 (15 dicembre 2023): 49–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.21440/2307-2091-2023-4-49-54.
Abstract (sommario):
The relevance of the work is due to the need to study the mineralogy of the only indigenous manifestation of jewelry olivine within the Ural region. The purpose of the work is to study pentlandite and the products of its supergene alteration in serpentinites of the Itkulsky ultrabasic massif in the Southern Urals. Research methodology. The composition of some minerals was analyzed using a scanning electron microscope JSM6390LV from Jeol with an energy dispersive attachment INCA Energy 450 X-Max 80 from Oxford Instruments (analyst L. V. Leonova). The same instrument was used to obtain images of minerals in BSE (back-scattered electron) mode. X-ray structural study of minerals was carried out on an XRD-7000 X-ray diffractometer from Shimadzu with polycapillary optics and a high-temperature attachment NTK-1200N from Anton Paar for operation in the temperature range 25–1500 °C (analyst O. L. Galakhova). Conditions: copper radiation, V = 40 kV, I = 30 mA, step size – 0.02°. Results. Pentlandite is the main sulfide mineral of antigorite serpentinites; it is characterized by a fairly pure chemical composition; the only impurities in the mineral are cobalt (from 0 to 1.18 wt. %). According to the Ni/Fe ratio, the sulfide belongs to nickel and pentlandite proper. Smythite replaces pentlandite grains along the cracks and at the edges. Chemical composition, wt. %: S – 40.81; Fe – 37.65; Co – 1.66; Ni – 19.87, well calculated for the crystal chemical formula of smythite – (Fe5.83Ni2.93Co0.24)9.00S11.00. Cronstedtite replaces the pentlandite matrix in the form of veined segregations. It is distinguished by its chemical composition: SiO2 – 17,82; Fe2 O3 – 40,00; NiO – 11,02; FeO – 18,06; MnO – 0,57; MgO – 2,23; CaO – 1,30; H2 O – 9,00 (by difference in accordance with the standard), which is calculated based on the crystal chemical formula of Ni-Mg-bearing cronstedtite – (Fe2+ 0.95Ni0.71Mg0.21Ca0.09Mn0.03)1.99Fe3+ 1.01[(Si1.12Fe3+ 0.88)2.00O5 ](OH)3.80. Conclusions. Pentlandite from antigorite serpentinites of the Itkulsky ultrabasic massif (Southern Urals) was studied. Under the influence of weathering processes, most of the pentlandite grains were partially replaced by secondary sulfide – smythite and ferruginous serpentine – cronstedtite.
21
Galuskin, Evgeny, Nikolai Pertsev, Thomas Armbruster, Milen Kadiyski, Aleksander Zadov, Irina Galuskina, Piotr Dzierżanowski, Roman Wrzalik e Evgeny Kislov. "Dovyrenite Ca6Zr[Si2O7]2(OH)4 - A New Mineral from Skarned Carbonate Xenoliths in Basic-Ultrabasic Rocks of the Ioko-Dovyren Massif, Northern Baikal Region, Russia". Mineralogia 38, n. 1 (1 gennaio 2007): 15–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10002-007-0012-y.
Abstract (sommario):
Dovyrenite Ca6Zr[Si2O7]2(OH)4 - A New Mineral from Skarned Carbonate Xenoliths in Basic-Ultrabasic Rocks of the Ioko-Dovyren Massif, Northern Baikal Region, RussiaDovyrenite, simplified formula Ca6Zr[Si2O7]2(OH)4, occurs as an accessory mineral in vein skarns developed in carbonate xenoliths in subvolcanic layered plagiodunite-troctolite series in the Ioko-Dovyren Massif of Proterozoic age, Northern Baikal Region, Buryatia, Russia. Dovyrenite is a late mineral of altered pyroxene and melilite-monticellite skarns. Associated minerals are Zr-bearing phases: fassaitic pyroxene, perovskite and hydrogarnets; and also monticellite, vesuvianite, diopside, foshagite, brucite, calzirtite, tazheranite, baghdadite, apatite, calcite, native bismuth, sphalerite, selenian galena, clausthalite, safflorite, rammelsbergite, pyrrhotite, pentlandite, valleriite, laitakarite, nickeline, nickel-skutterudite. The average structure of dovyrenite is orthorhombic, space group Pnnm, with subcell parameters A = 5.666(16) Å, B = 18.844(5) Å, C = 3.728(11) Å, V = 398.0(2) Å3 and Z = 1. Dovyrenite shows a new type of modular structure with stacking of the tobermorite-like and the rosenbuschite-like layers parallel to (010). Single-crystal structural data point to an incompletely occupied Ca(2) site from the rosenbuschite module which is confirmed by microprobe analyses: ZrO2 16.47, SiO2 32.83, TiO2 0.14, HfO2 0.16, Cr2O3 0.01, CaO 43.87, FeO 0.25, MgO 0.13, MnO 0.02, Nb2O3 0.03; total 99.38 wt% with calculated H2O. The empirical formula is (Ca5.73Fe0.03Mg0.02)σ5.78(Zr0.98Hf0.01Ti0.01)σ1Si4(O13.56OH0.44)σ14(OH)4. The presence of two types of OH group in the dovyrenite structure is corroborated by FTIR and Raman spectroscopy. Dovyrenite is an optically positive biaxial mineral: α 1.659(2), β 1.660(2); γ 1.676(2); 2Vz 30(5)° (measured), 28° (calculated). The coexistence of monticellite, foshagite and dovyrenite points to a narrow interval of crystallization 560-630°C under subvolcanic conditions (P < 108 Pa).
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Quesnel, Benoît, Christian Le Carlier de Veslud, Philippe Boulvais, Pierre Gautier, Michel Cathelineau e Maxime Drouillet. "3D modeling of the laterites on top of the Koniambo Massif, New Caledonia: refinement of the per descensum lateritic model for nickel mineralization". Mineralium Deposita 52, n. 7 (10 febbraio 2017): 961–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00126-017-0712-1.
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Muravina, O. M., I. A. Ponomarenko e M. V. Mints. "APPLICATION OF THE METHOD OF GROUP ACCOUNTING OF ARGUMENTS FOR THE ANALYSIS OF PETROPHYSICAL DATA". Bulletin of Kamchatka Regional Association «Educational-Scientific Center». Earth Sciences, n. 3(51) (2021): 5–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.31431/1816-5524-2022-3-51-5-15.
Abstract (sommario):
The paper considers a range of tasks related to the processing and analysis of petrophysical data, which are effectively solved by the method of group accounting of arguments (MGUA). MGUA is a machine learning method that is an alternative to regression analysis and neural network modeling. The method was tested when working with information from the petrophysical database of crystalline and sedimentary rocks of the Voronezh Crystal Massif (VCM). The basis of the analysis technology is the formation of complex identification equations that allow you to generalize, analyze and effectively use petrophysical data. Previously, the use of such equations for estimating the ore content of nickel-bearing intrusions of the mamonsky complex was considered. Examples of solving problems of robust estimation and identification of petrophysical data are provided. It is shown that the identification models of the MGUA allow automating the procedure for detecting outliers in the data, assess the belonging of rocks to a certain material complex. Since petrophysical information is a necessary link in the geological interpretation of geophysical observations, the experience of obtaining complex models linking the density of metamorphic and intrusive rocks of the VCM with electrical resistivity and magnetic susceptibility is interesting.
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Muravina, O. M., I. A. Ponomarenko e M. V. Mints. "APPLICATION OF THE METHOD OF GROUP ACCOUNTING OF ARGUMENTS FOR THE ANALYSIS OF PETROPHYSICAL DATA". Bulletin of Kamchatka Regional Association «Educational-Scientific Center». Earth Sciences, n. 3(51) (2021): 5–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.31431/1816-5524-2022-3-51-5-15.
Abstract (sommario):
The paper considers a range of tasks related to the processing and analysis of petrophysical data, which are effectively solved by the method of group accounting of arguments (MGUA). MGUA is a machine learning method that is an alternative to regression analysis and neural network modeling. The method was tested when working with information from the petrophysical database of crystalline and sedimentary rocks of the Voronezh Crystal Massif (VCM). The basis of the analysis technology is the formation of complex identification equations that allow you to generalize, analyze and effectively use petrophysical data. Previously, the use of such equations for estimating the ore content of nickel-bearing intrusions of the mamonsky complex was considered. Examples of solving problems of robust estimation and identification of petrophysical data are provided. It is shown that the identification models of the MGUA allow automating the procedure for detecting outliers in the data, assess the belonging of rocks to a certain material complex. Since petrophysical information is a necessary link in the geological interpretation of geophysical observations, the experience of obtaining complex models linking the density of metamorphic and intrusive rocks of the VCM with electrical resistivity and magnetic susceptibility is interesting.
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Saveliev, Dmitry E., Darkhan K. Makatov, Andrey V. Vishnevskiy e Ruslan A. Gataullin. "Accessory Minerals in the Chromitite Ores of Dzharlybutak Ore Group of Kempirsai Massif (Southern Urals, Kazakhstan): Clues for Ore Genesis". Minerals 13, n. 2 (13 febbraio 2023): 263. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min13020263.
Abstract (sommario):
The paper provides results of a detailed mineralogical study of some chromitite ores from two deposits in the Southern Urals of Kazakhstan: Almaz-Zhemchuzhina and Geofizicheskoe-VII. It is revealed that the main ore minerals are Cr-spinel with high Cr# (Cr/(Cr + Al) = 0.8–0.83), as well as serpentine and chlorite, replacing primary olivine. Chromium spinel grains contain mineral inclusions, which are distributed rather unevenly. The most common mineral inclusions are olivine (serpentine) and amphibole; phlogopite, pyroxenes, and base metal sulfides are rare. Olivine from inclusions in chromite is the highest in magnesium (Fo97–98), and is anomalously high in nickel (up to 1.8 wt.% NiO). The closure of exchange reactions between olivine and chromite occurred in the temperature range of 700–850 °С and in the oxygen fugacity range of −1.04 … +2.8 ΔFMQ, which most likely corresponds to the upper mantle settings of the fore-arc basin. A few tens of monomineral grains and polymineral intergrowths of platinum group minerals (PGMs) were found in chromite aggregates. Notably, monomineral grains are mainly represented by Ru, Os, and Ir disulfides, while in polymineral inclusions, iridium prevails (with widespread native phases, sulfides, and sulfoarsenides). PGM grains included in chromite are often associated with hydrous silicates: amphibole, and less often with phlogopite or chlorite. Discussed in the paper is the possible genesis of ores and inclusions. As a preliminary conclusion, we suggest that the solid-phase processes played the most significant role in the crystallization of Cr-spinel in the investigated chromitite ores.
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Kalov, R. O., T. H. Toguzaev e G. A. Bekarov. "ESTIMATION OF THE FEASIBILITY OF INCLUDING THE MALKINSKY IRON ORE DEPOSIT IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE ECONOMIC FRAME". EurasianUnionScientists 5, n. 8(77) (16 settembre 2020): 25–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.31618/esu.2413-9335.2020.5.77.990.
Abstract (sommario):
An adaptive economic framework is being designed within the framework of an ecological-economic zone with specified properties in the mountains of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic (KBR), designed by the authors. Among the tasks in this direction is the search and assessment of functionally unencumbered natural conditions and resources of the region. Among the reserves not involved in economic activity, an important place is occupied by the Malkinskoe deposit of naturally alloyed iron ores. The purpose of the study is to probe the relevance of the issue for management structures and business, a preliminary assessment of the possibility of embedding the considered field in the constructed economic framework of the republic. In accordance with the designated goal, the following tasks have been set: - study of archival materials from Giprozem on the iron ore deposit for the purpose of realizing its technical and economic potential in relation to the conditions of modern market realities; - conducting field geophysical studies to test the author's hypothesis about a larger area of distribution of the serpentinite massif; - clarification of the mineralogical form of nickel in the ore and the identification of regularities in the distribution of alloying impurities in the open part of the ore strata; - assessment of the current intensity of contact of exposed ore layers with mountain streams.
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Kepezhinskas, P. K., N. V. Berdnikov, V. O. Krutikova, N. P. Kepezhinskas, I. A. Astapov e E. A. Kirichenko. "SILVER MINERALIZATION IN DEEP MAGMATOGENIC SYSTEMS OF ANCIENT ISLAND ARCS: ILDEUS ULTRABASIC MASSIF, STANOVOY MOBILE BELT (RUSSIAN FAR EAST)". Tikhookeanskaya Geologiya 42, n. 4 (2023): 30–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.30911/0207-4028-2023-42-4-30-60.
Abstract (sommario):
The Triassic (232–233 Ma) Ildeus mafic-ultrabasic massif is a fragment of a large mineralized magmatogenic system formed within the Stanovoy mobile belt at the Mesozoic stage of its evolution. Ultrabasic rocks are represented by cumulative plagioclase- and amphibole-bearing dunites, peridotites, websterites, and pyroxenites; basic rocks are gabbro-anorthosites, norites, and two-pyroxene gabbro. Most intrusive rocks of the Ildeus magmatogenic system experienced ultramafic (serpentine, chlorite, talc, carbonates) and acidic (quartz, biotite, potassium feldspar, secondary micas) metasomatism. Geochemical characteristics (calc-alkaline differentiation trend, negative anomalies of highly charged incoherent elements) indicate the subduction nature of the primary magma in the Ildeus system. The ultrabasic rocks are intruded by intermediate-acid intrusions with geochemical characteristics of adakite. Magmatic-stage silver mineralization is represented by microinclusions of cuprous silver, alloys of silver, copper, gold and zinc, acanthite and silver halides in association with pentlandite, chalcopyrite, bornite, and pyrrhotite. These rocks are characterized by microinclusions of native platinum, gold, tungsten, bismuth, lead, PGE alloys, W-Co-Ti, Sb-Pb, Cu-Zn-Sn, minerals of Ag-Cu-Sb-Se-S and Zn-Ni systems -Co-Fe-S, barite, chlorapatite and Bi-Sn-Pb chlorides. At the metasomatic stage, native silver, Au-Ag alloys, silver and copper chlorides, acanthite, silver and lead tellurides coexist with digenite, heathlewoodite, pyrite, sphalerite, galena, native nickel and gold, Cu-Zn alloys, sulfides of the Pb-As- Cu-Fe-S and bismuth chloride. At the magmatic stage, silver minerals crystallized under reducing conditions in the presence of high-temperature aqueous fluids enriched in sulfide sulfur, halogens, and volatile siderophile (W, Pt) and chalcophile (Ag, Bi, Sn, Sb, Pb) metals that entered the primary melt from serpentinites, metamorphosed gabbroids, and metal-bearing pelagic sediments of the subducting oceanic plate. Metasomatic parageneses of silver minerals were formed under oxidized near-surface conditions with the participation of low-temperature water-salt solutions with elevated concentrations of sulfate sulfur, arsenic, and tellurium. A two-stage model is proposed for the formation of silver mineralization in island arc magmatic systems, in which the high-temperature magmatic stage of formation in deep crustal parts is replaced by low-temperature hydrothermal ore formation processes in near-surface conditions.
28
Tatarinov, Alexander Vasilyevich, e Lyubov Ilyinichna Yalovik. "Multicomponent Ore Mineralization in Ultrabasites of the Ospa-Kitoy Massif of the East Sayan Ophiolite Belt: Formational Parageneses and Origin (Diamond, Nephrite, Noble Metals, Chromium, Nickel)". Geomaterials 11, n. 04 (2021): 69–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/gm.2021.114005.
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Potapchuk, M. I., I. Yu Rasskazov, V. I. Usikov e V. G. Kryukov. "Study of the tectonic structure and modern geodynamics of the nickel-copper-sulfide Kun-Manyo deposit at the stage of its field the development". IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 946, n. 1 (1 dicembre 2021): 012006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/946/1/012006.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract Currently, the Kun-Manyo nickel-copper-sulfide deposit in the north of the Khabarovsk Krai is being prepared for development, with part of the reserves expected to be mined by underground mining. To justify the rational order of opening and excavation of sub-ore reserves it is necessary to have objective information on rock mass condition, which can be received as a result of complex geodynamic and geomechanical investigations. The established geodynamic position of the deposit, determined by its location at the junction of actively interacting large tectonic elements of the Euro-Asian tectonic plate – the tectonic stress of the North Asian craton and the Amur plate, as well as within the modern Olekmo-Stanovo seismic zone, has allowed the massif of the field area to be classified as tectonically stressed. An analysis of the data of the GPS-observation points on the territory of the Russian part of the Amur tectonic plate, the results of calculations of the vector field of velocities of modern movements of points, made within the framework of the ITRF – 2000 coordinate system, as well as the results of in-situ geomechanical studies of rock massifs of the Amur Plate’s rock-bump hazardous deposits, have made it possible to establish the current tectonic regime of the deposit area – a region of intense modern compression with a predicted intensity of more than 50 MPa. By methods of morphometric analysis and remote sensing, it has been found that the relative relief excesses were significant (700–1000 m), which may lead to an uncompensated horizontal component of geostatic stress. The most extended lineaments of the relief have predominantly southeasterly extension. The identified features of the tectonic structure and regional neotectonics have made it possible to determine the most probable direction and magnitude of the current main horizontal compression, which could be further used in solving various geomechanical problems in the exploitation of the field.
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Забашта, Анастасия, Anastasiya Zabashta, Николай Забашта e Nikolay Zabashta. "ACCUMULATION OF HEAVY METALS IN THE SOILS OF FOOTHAL AREAS OF KRASNODAR KRAY". Vestnik of Kazan State Agrarian University 14, n. 1 (30 marzo 2019): 22–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5ccedba6e0c8c9.68580698.
Abstract (sommario):
The accumulation of heavy metals, primarily from the soil, takes place in the water and fodder plants. Sources are pesticides, polluted air and precipitation. Hazardous chemical elements in certain quantities enter plants from soil. It should be added that ballast substances from mineral fertilizers containing heavy metals are also found in the soil. It has been established that on the flat-foothill massif of the North Caucasus, the constant component of solid precipitation are such elements as chromium, nickel, lead, manganese and silver. Cadmium was not detected in most precipitation samples (less than 1.0 µg / l), but its concentrations exceeded the maximum permissible concentrations by 4–8 times, although its sources were not identified. Therefore, an agrochemical survey of agricultural land has been carried out and it has been established that the content of mobile forms of copper and zinc in the soils of the foothill areas does not exceed the maximum permissible concentrations. Meadow grass stands do not accumulate zinc, copper, lead and cadmium in quantities exceeding the maximum allowable levels. In general, in the foothill areas of the Krasnodar Territory, hay contains 11.0–25.0 mg/kg of zinc, 1.8–9.0 mg/kg of copper, 0.2–2.0 mg/kg of lead, and 0.06– 0.24 mg/kg cadmium. Studies have shown that the agricultural soils of the foothill areas do not contain exceeding MPC values of mobile forms of zinc and copper. But there are local foci containing lead in small quantities. In hay from arable land and natural forage lands, the amount of heavy metals does not exceed MDU.
31
Dolníček, Zdeněk, Jana Ulmanová, Karel Malý, Jaroslav Havlíček e Jiří Sejkora. "Minerály kontaminovaných granitových pegmatitů z lomu Pohled u Havlíčkova Brodu (moldanubikum), část II: prvky a sulfidy". Bulletin Mineralogie Petrologie 29, n. 1 (2021): 90–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.46861/bmp.29.090.
Abstract (sommario):
In the Pohled quarry near Havlíčkův Brod town (central part of Czech Republic), texturally and mineralogically simple contaminated anatectic pegmatites form dikes or irregular bodies cementing breccia of host metamorphic rocks (paragneisses, amphibolites) belonging to the Monotonous (Ostrong) Group of the Moldanubicum of the Bohemian Massif. They exhibit signs of intense hydrothermal overprint and also the presence of abundant disseminations, nests and veinlets of ore minerals. A detailed mineralogical study revealed the presence of an extraordinary rich ore assemblage (20 species in total, including one unnamed phase). The oldest minerals are sphalerite (rich in Fe), löllingite, Fe-Co-Ni sulphoarsenides (cobaltite, glaucodot, arsenopyrite, gersdorffite), pyrrhotite, galena and chalcopyrite, in later portion accompanied by inclusions of Bi-minerals (native bismuth, bismuthinite, joséite-A, joséite-B, ikunolite and a Pb-Bi sulphosalt). The composition of the Pb-Bi sulphosalt is equal to Ag,Fe-substituted eclarite; its identity was confirmed also by Raman spectrum. Pyrite is very abundant phase, present probably in several generations. The Fe-Co-Ni thiospinels disseminated in younger chlorite, and represented by siegenite, violarite, grimmite and an unnamed NiFe2S4 phase, are the youngest ore minerals. The mineral association as well as chemical composition of most ore minerals are well comparable to those of local polymetallic ore veins and Alpine-type veins, which give evidence for identical origin of all these ore mineralizations. The formation of pegmatite-hosted ore assemblage was long-lasting multiphase process, which took place at temperatures between ca. 350 and <120 °C during changing fugacities of sulphur, tellurium and oxygen. A distinct enrichment in cobalt and nickel of ore mineralization hosted by pegmatites (in comparison with hydrothermal veins) is explained in terms of pronounced interactions of fluids with amphibolites and serpentinites.
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Filimonova, Elena, Natalia Lukina, Margarita Glazyrina, Galina Borisova, Tripti, Adarsh Kumar e Maria Maleva. "A comparative study of Epipactis atrorubens in two different forest communities of the Middle Urals, Russia". Journal of Forestry Research 31, n. 6 (9 luglio 2019): 2111–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11676-019-01010-y.
Abstract (sommario):
Abstract The objective of this study was to compare eco-physiological and morphological parameters of a regionally endangered orchid species, Epipactis atrorubens (Hoffm. ex Bernh.) Bess., growing in two forest communities (on serpentine and granite outcrops) of the Middle Urals, Russia. Biodiversity, dominance, and phytocoenosis studies showed the colonization of a wide range of plant species on both sites. The physicochemical properties of the soil, chemical composition and morphological features of E. atrorubens, growing under technogenic conditions (asbestos deposits), on serpentine outcrops and in the natural environment of the granite massif were studied for the first time. The serpentine substrate differed from the granite one by its greater stoniness, circumneutral pH and lower contents of available nitrogen and phosphorus. Extremely high concentrations of magnesium were found in the serpentine soil, some 79 times higher than in the granite substrate. High concentrations of nickel (94 times), chromium (59 times), cobalt (17 times), and iron (4 times) were found in the serpentine substrate, higher than in the granite substrate. The differences between the sites for available metal contents and for root and shoot metal contents were significantly less. Concentrations of most of the metals in the roots were higher than in the shoots. Despite higher metal concentrations and lower nitrogen and phosphorus levels in serpentine soils, E. atrorubens had a larger population and greater viability compared to those growing on granite. Plants on serpentine outcrops were characterized by the formation of a larger number of fruits, greater root lengths and thicker leaf blades, compared to plants on granites. The well-developed orchid mycorrhizae contributed to the survival of this species under unfavorable serpentine conditions. Hence, serpentine outcrops formed due to the mining of asbestos could be a suitable substrate for the light-demanding E. atrorubens due to its capacity to adapt to dry, rocky, nutrient-depleted soils and limited competition from other plants.
33
Murzin, V. V., D. A. Varlamov, E. S. Karaseva e A. Yu Kisin. "Mineralogy and Conditions of Formation Genesis of Aggregates of Natural and Sulfide Minerals of the Poldnevskoe Demantoid Deposit (Middle Urals)". Геология рудных месторождений 65, n. 6 (1 novembre 2023): 528–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0016777023060060.
Abstract (sommario):
Polymineral aggregates of rounded shapes (“nodules”) composed of native and sulfide minerals of Cu, Ni, Fe, Ag, and other elements from vein magnetite–calcite–chrysotile rocks with jewelry demantoid in the Korkodinskoe hypermafic massif are described. A common feature of the six identified types of native sulfide nodules, composed of native copper, heazlewoodite, pentlandite, cuprite, and other native sulfide minerals, is their spheroidal shape, which makes them similar to individual grains of other gangue minerals (calcite, magnetite, etc.). In heazlewoodite–pentlandite nodules, specific symplectites of mercuric silver and nickel copper in heazlewoodite, as well as awaruite in Co–pentlandite, were found. The matching set of ore minerals in the host serpentinite vein mass (native copper, mercuric silver, heazlewoodite, pentlandite, awaruite) and nodules from the vein material indicates their genetic connection and the conjugation of demantoid mineralization with the evolving processes of serpentinization. It was established that the nodules formed at temperatures below 380°C under reducing conditions at very low sulfur fugacity values (10–17–10–27 bar) and oxygen (10–30 bar at 200°C to 10–21 bar at 350°C). For heazlewoodite–pentlandite nodules, such conditions persisted throughout the entire time of their formation, while, for other nodules, the reducing conditions of early parageneses were replaced by oxidative conditions in late parageneses, which is recorded by the replacement of native copper with cuprite. It is assumed that the features of the morphology and structure of native sulfide nodules and the presence of symplectite intergrowths of ore minerals in them are associated with specific conditions created during the decompression of the crust-mantle mixture rising to the surface in the fault zone. The source of the metals was a deep, high-temperature fluid interacting with mafic and ultramafic rocks under reducing conditions at a low water-to-rock ratio.
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Demina, Liudmila L., Sergey V. Galkin, Elena M. Krylova, Dmitry F. Budko e Aleksandra S. Solomatina. "Some Biogeochemical Characteristics of the Trace Element Bioaccumulation in the Benthic Fauna of the Piip Volcano (The Southwestern Bering Sea)". Minerals 11, n. 11 (6 novembre 2021): 1233. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min11111233.
Abstract (sommario):
The Piip Volcano is a submarine volcanic edifice occupying the central part of the Volcanologists Massif in the southwestern Bering Sea, with two tops, southern and northern. The minimum depth of the northern top is located at 368 m, and of the southern at 464 m. Active hydrothermal venting occurring at both summits of the volcano supports diverse biological communities, including animals specific for chemosynthetic habitats. In benthic organisms inhabiting the northern and southern tops of the Piip Volcano, for the first time, we examined distribution patterns of the following trace elements: titanium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, nickel, copper, zinc, arsenic, selenium, zirconium, molybdenum, silver, cadmium, antimony, barium, tungsten, lead, bismuth, and uranium. The element contents were quantified by the ICP-MS. Total carbon (TC) and total inorganic carbon (TIC) were determined using a Shimadzu TOC-L-CPN and mineral composition of sediment was determined using the XRD. In the water of the biotope from the northern top, concentrations of Mn, Zn, Ag, Cd, Sb, W, Pb were 2–6 times, and Ba was 50 times higher than those from the southern top. This was attributed to the lower temperature of fluids emanating at the southern top. An abundant population of Calyptogena pacifica (Bivalvia: Vesicomyidae: Pliocardiinae) was found only at the southern top. The main target of most trace elements, such as Fe, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Zn, As, Mo, Ag, Cd, W, Pb, Bi, and U were the soft parts of Calyptogena pacifica (with high TOC content, on average 53.1% in gills and 49.6% in the rest of the body). Gills were characterized by particular high contents (>100 µg g−1 dry w.) of Zn, Cd, Fe, Ni, Cu, and Pb, which can form sulphides or be associated with them. Shells of C. pacifica, as well as Brachiopoda, were depleted in these elements, as well as tissues of the carnivores Paguridae (Crustacea) and Actiniaria (Anthozoa). In suspension feeders from both tops, the lower contents of most elements were detected. Estimation of Biological Concentration Factor (BCF) for most elements varied from 102 to 104, reaching n105 for Ni, Zn, Ag, Cd, and Pb. A significant difference in BCF values between Fe and Mn was revealed.
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Degtyareva, A. D., N. B. Vinogradov, S. V. Kuzminykh e M. A. Rassomakhin. "METAL PRODUCTS OF THE ALEKSEYEVKA-SARGARY CULTURE FROM THE MIDDLE AND UPPER TOBOL AREAS". VESTNIK ARHEOLOGII, ANTROPOLOGII I ETNOGRAFII, n. 4(47) (30 dicembre 2019): 28–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.20874/2071-0437-2019-47-4-3.
Abstract (sommario):
The article describes morphological and typological characteristics of non-ferrous metal, determines the for-mulae of alloys, as well as identifies techniques used for the production of tools by the Alekseyevka-Sargary cul-ture from the South Trans-Urals (15th/14th and 12th/11th BC). We carried out the morphological and typological study of the non-ferrous metal along with the X-ray fluorescence (Institute of Archaeology RAS, Institute of Mine-ralogy UB RAS; X-MET3000TX analysers from Oxford Instruments Analytical, M1 Mistral from Bruker Nano GmbH) and metallographic (Tyumen Scientific Centre SB RAS; Zeiss Axio Observer D1m microscope) analyses. A total of 19 tools exhibiting morphology inherent to the tool collections of the Alekseyevka-Sargary culture were selected for the study. These tools comprised random finds and items from the settlements of the Chelyabinsk and Kurgan regions of Russia, as well as from the Kostanay Region of Kazakhstan: daggers, а spearhead, sick-les, socketed chisels, a spear end cap and single-blade knives. A group of tools and weapons characteristic of all Eurasian cordoned-ware cultures was distinguished — daggers with handguards and socketed grooved chisels. In addition, weapons characteristic of the sites attributed to the Alekseyevka-Sargary culture (Saryarka, Altai, and Semirechye) were identified within the weapon complex of the South Trans-Urals. These weapons included bush hooks of the Sosnovaya Maza type, knives having marked handles, spearheads with holes and socketed straight-blade chisels. The metal of the South Trans-Urals is distinguished by the marked heterogeneity of its chemical composition with the predominance of low-alloyed bronzes Cu–Sn, Cu–Sn–As and Cu–As (66.7 %). There are 4 pure copper items, as well as products from the complex alloy Cu–Sn–As–Ni–Co and products with elevated iron concentrations (up to 2.68 %). These data indicate that the population experimented in the course of metal-lurgical processing of raw materials; they transitioned to smelting metal from sulphide ores or to the smelting of copper with sulphide or silicate nickel ores of the Ufaley Massif (deposits in the Chelyabinsk Region). South Ural craftsmen produced bronze and copper primarily using technologies for casting tools in one-sided (with flat cov-ers) and two-sided moulds. The casting was followed by refining operations using the cold forming technology with the intervals of low-temperature forging modes. This choice of temperature is justified in the procession of low-alloyed bronze. Clearly, the centre for metal production of the Alekseyevka-Sargary culture in the South Trans-Urals was a metallurgical one, with the development of both oxidised and sulphide deposits in the South Urals. Innovative technologies of smelting copper with chalcopyrite, arsenopyrite, and nickel-containing ores were introduced. The complex of tools attributed to the Alekseyevka-Sargary tribes from the Tobol area is generally identical to the bronze inventory from Saryarka, Altai and Kyrgyzstan. Local craftsmen employed the traditional technologies of processing copper and bronze commonly used in the centres for metal production throughout the area of the Alekseyevka-Sargary culture, working primarily with bronzes low-alloyed by tin. As in previous eras, tin ingots and products were delivered from Central Kazakhstan and Ore Altai, but in much smaller quantities. The small number of products and the data of an analytical study indicate the relocation of the main centres for metal production of the Alekseyevka-Sargary culture from the Urals region (as compared to the big centres of Petrovka and Alakul cultures) to Central and Eastern Kazakhstan, up to Xinjiang in China.
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Popova, V. I., E. V. Belogub, M. A. Rassomakhin, V. A. Popov e P. V. Khvorov. "Mineralogy of chromitites of mount Poklonnaya of the Karabash massif, South Urals". МИНЕРАЛОГИЯ (MINERALOGY), dicembre 2022, 15–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.35597/2313-545x-2022-8-4-2.
Abstract (sommario):
Mineral composition of chromitites and host serpentinites from a quarry at Mt. Poklonnaya of the Karabash serpentinite massif is studied using optical and electron microscopy. In addition to previously known native osmium and laurite, eight minerals of platinum group elements (PGE) are found: isoferroplatinum, irarsite, iridium, naldrettite, cuproiridisite, sperrilite, tolovkite and erlichmannite. It is found that magnesioalumochromite is the early magmatic Cr-spinel and magnesiochromite and ferrichromite are late magmatic. The earliest native iridium and native osmium are replaced by PGE sulfdes, arsenides and stibnides. Magnesiochromite is associated with native gold, Ni chalcohenides (gersdorffte, millerite, pentlandite, heaslewoodite) and chalcopyrite. The formation of Cr-magnetite, magnetite, native iron, native nickel, galena and barite is related to serpentinization. Carbonates (calcite and dolomite), brucite, andradite, sepiolite and an unidentifed Ca-silicate formed at the latest stage of serpentinization. Secondary Ni minerals (gaspeite, nepuite, «garnierite») are most likely the products of the latest mineral-forming process.
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Паламарь, С. В., e В. А. Степанов. "GEOCHEMICAL DISPERSION HALOS OF COPPER, COBALT AND NICKEL IN THE WESTERN PART OF THE MASSIVES KUVALOROG NICKELIFEROUS CORTLANDIT-NORITE KAMCHATKA FORMATION AND THEIR INTERPRETATION". Естественные и технические науки, n. 11(137) (15 gennaio 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.25633/etn.2019.11.32.
Abstract (sommario):
Обобщены результаты геохимических поисков кобальт-медно-никелевых руд в западной части Кувалорогской интрузии никеленосной кортландит-норитовой формации, расположенной в южной части Камчатского срединного массива (КСМ). Выделена ведущая ассоциация химических элементов: Ni, Cu, Co, Cr. Элементный состав вторичных ореолов рассеяния соответствует составу рудных образований. Установлена тесная корреляционная зависимость между никелем, медью, кобальтом и хромом во вторичных ореолах рассеяния. При проведении поисковых работ на сульфидные кобальтмедно-никелевые руды наибольший интерес представляют комплексные аномалии никеля, кобальта и меди. В связи с тем, что в пределах КСМ нередко встречаются образования ультраосновного и основного состава, в которых никель и кобальт образуют изоморфную примесь в породообразующих силикатных минералах, особое значение имеет наличие ореолов меди, которая служит индикатором именно сульфидной минерализации. The results of geochemical searches of cobalt-copper-nickel ores in the western part of the Kuvalorog intrusion of nickeliferous cortlandite-norite formation located in the southern part of the Kamchatka middle massif (KSM) are generalized. The leading association of chemical elements: Ni, Cu, Co, Cr. The elemental composition of secondary dispersion halos corresponds to the composition of ore formations. A close correlation between nickel, copper, cobalt and chromium in secondary scattering halos has been established. When conducting prospecting for sulfi de cobalt-copper-nickel ores, complex anomalies of nickel, cobalt and copper are of greatest interest. Due to the fact that ultramafi c and basic compositions are often found within the KSM, in which nickel and cobalt form an isomorphic impurity in rock-forming silicate minerals, the presence of halos of copper, which serves as an indicator of sulfi de mineralization, is of particular importance.
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Кунгурова, В. Е., М. Д. Сидоров e Ю. П. Трухин. "МЕДНО-НИКЕЛЕВОЕ РУДОПРОЯВЛЕНИЕ «СЕВЕРНОЕ» КАМЧАТСКОЙ НИКЕЛЕНОСНОЙ ПРОВИНЦИИ". Естественные и технические науки, n. 7(121) (22 ottobre 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.25633/etn.2018.07.03.
Abstract (sommario):
Приведены данные, полученные в результате геологического и минералого-геохимического изучения рудопроявления «Северное». Оно расположено на южном фланге Камчатского срединного массива и приурочено к одному из его плитообразных сателлитов. Прожилково-вкрапленное, вкрапленное и гнездово-вкрапленное сульфидное медно-никелевое оруденение сконцентрировано в слабо – или недифференцированных породах диоритового ряда, отличающихся различным содержанием темноцветных минералов, реже в горнблендитах. Сульфиды представлены пирротином, халькопиритом, пиритом, марказитом, виоларитом, пентландитом, частично окислены. Содержания (в %) никеля – до 3,06; меди – 0,23; кобальта – 0,08; сумма платиноидов – до 0,26 г/т. The data obtained as a result of geological and mineralogical-geochemical study of the ore occurrence Severnoye are adduced. It is located on the southern flank of the Kamchatka middle massif and is confined to one of its plate-like satellites. Stringer-disseminated, disseminated and nest-disseminated copper-nickel sulfide mineralization is concentrated in poorly differentiated or undifferentiated rocks of the diorite range, characterized by different contents of mafic minerals, less often in hornblendite. Sulfides are represented by pyrrhotite, chalcopyrite, pyrite, marcasite, violarite, pentlandite, partially oxidized. Content (%) of nickel – up to 3,06; copper – 0,23; cobalt – 0,08; the amount of platinoids – up to 0,26 g/t.
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Новаков, Р. М. "GOLD MORPHOLOGY AND COMPOSITIONS IN OLIVIN WEBSTERITES WITH NICKEL-COPPER NATIVE SULFIDE MINERALIZATION FROM SOLDATSKAYA ULTRABASITE MASSIF (KAMCHATSKY CAPE PENINSULA, EASTERN KAMCHATKA)". Естественные и технические науки, n. 11(137) (15 gennaio 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.25633/etn.2019.11.29.
Abstract (sommario):
В гипербазитовом массиве г. Солдатской (п-ов Камчатский Мыс), была установлена и исследована самородно-сульфидная медно-никелевая с платиноидами и золотом минерализация, связанная с оливиновыми вебстеритами 2, 5. Самородное золото представлено тонкими выделениями размером от десятых долей до 3 мкм в породообразующих силикатах, реже в пентландитах. По особенностям состава в силикатах выделяются высокопробное золото и золото-серебряная амальгама, где содержание ртути достигает 22.01 мас. . Проведен сравнительный анализ самородного золота из оливиновых вебстеритов с золотом из россыпи р. Ольховой и золотом из гипербазитовых массивов на территории Тувы, показаны их сходство и различия. In the ultrabasite Soldatskaya massif (Kamchatsky Cape Peninsula) native-sulfi de copper-nickel mineralization with platinoids and gold associated with olivine websterites was established and studied 2, 4. Native gold is represented by fi ne precipitates ranging in size from tenths to 3 microns in rock-forming silicates, less often in pentlandites. By compositional characteristics, high-grade gold and gold-silver amalgam are distinguished in silicates, where the mercury content reaches 22.01 wt. . A comparative analysis of native gold from olivine websterites with gold from the placer of the Olkhovaya river and gold from ultrabasite massifs on the territory of Tuva was made their similarities and differences are shown.
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PAGENAUD, ANGÉLIQUE, KAREN BOURGEOIS, SYLVAIN DROMZÉE, MARTIN THIBAULT, GUILLAUME CHAGNEAU, NICOLAS BARRÉ, ÉLODIE BOUYÉ et al. "Tahiti Petrel Pseudobulweria rostrata population decline at a nickel-mining site: a critical need for adapted conservation strategies". Bird Conservation International, 16 aprile 2021, 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959270921000113.
Abstract (sommario):
Summary New Caledonia hosts a large part of the world’s breeding population of the Tahiti Petrel Pseudobulweria rostrata. This rare, cryptic and little-studied seabird nests locally in the mountains up to 1,200 m in altitude, particularly in ultramafic (i.e. nickel-rich) areas where mining activity is a major threat. The considerable development of mining activities in New Caledonia over the past decade raises concerns about its potential impacts on breeding populations through both direct habitat destruction and side effects such as pollution or repeated disturbances. This context calls for a dedicated assessment of the persistence of local populations to guide the design of an adapted conservation strategy and potential restoration programmes. We investigated the impact of mining activities on a Tahiti Petrel population when surveyed pre-mining (2004–2007) and following a period of full mining (2017–2018). The vocal activity was assessed at a total of 114 night-call count stations spread over the Koniambo massif. Areas with ground-originated vocal activity were then searched during daytime for nesting evidence. Finally, georeferenced aerial photos were used to estimate habitat degradation as the percentage of bare soil cover (PBSC) within a 400-m radius around each call count station. Our study revealed a dramatic decline in the Tahiti Petrel vocal activity and a desertion of breeding habitats during the full-mining period compared to the pre-mining period. In light of these results, we recommend designing safe breeding areas and combining restoration methods including social attraction, predation control and artificial burrows at mining sites.
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Ram, Arjun, S. K. Tiwari, H. K. Pandey, Abhishek Kumar Chaurasia, Supriya Singh e Y. V. Singh. "Groundwater quality assessment using water quality index (WQI) under GIS framework". Applied Water Science 11, n. 2 (febbraio 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13201-021-01376-7.
Abstract (sommario):
AbstractGroundwater is an important source for drinking water supply in hard rock terrain of Bundelkhand massif particularly in District Mahoba, Uttar Pradesh, India. An attempt has been made in this work to understand the suitability of groundwater for human consumption. The parameters like pH, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, alkalinity, total hardness, calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, bicarbonate, sulfate, chloride, fluoride, nitrate, copper, manganese, silver, zinc, iron and nickel were analysed to estimate the groundwater quality. The water quality index (WQI) has been applied to categorize the water quality viz: excellent, good, poor, etc. which is quite useful to infer the quality of water to the people and policy makers in the concerned area. The WQI in the study area ranges from 4.75 to 115.93. The overall WQI in the study area indicates that the groundwater is safe and potable except few localized pockets in Charkhari and Jaitpur Blocks. The Hill-Piper Trilinear diagram reveals that the groundwater of the study area falls under Na+-Cl−, mixed Ca2+-Mg2+-Cl− and Ca2+-$${\text{HCO}}_{3}^{ - }$$ HCO 3 - types. The granite-gneiss contains orthoclase feldspar and biotite minerals which after weathering yields bicarbonate and chloride rich groundwater. The correlation matrix has been created and analysed to observe their significant impetus on the assessment of groundwater quality. The current study suggests that the groundwater of the area under deteriorated water quality needs treatment before consumption and also to be protected from the perils of geogenic/anthropogenic contamination.
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Парада, С. Г. "DENSITYREGULARITIES OF COLORED AND NOBLE METALS IN THE BORDERS OF THE MALKIN ULTRABASIC MASSIVE (KABARDINO-BALKAR REPUBLIC)". Геология и геофизика Юга России, n. 1 (22 marzo 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.23671/vnc.2018.1.11249.
Abstract (sommario):
В работе обоснован новый подход к целевому прогнозированию рудоносности Малкинского ультрабазитового массива на основе анализа и специальной обработки современных химико-аналитических данных, с использованием методов петрологического моделирования и сравнительного петрохимического анализа эталонных объектов, а также создания графических пространственных моделей на основе ГИС-обработки и переинтерпретации существующих геолого-геофизических данных. Установлено, что распределение в пространстве различных полезных ископаемых определяется размещением ультраосновных апопород, а их проявление во времени связано с этапами и стадиями магматического становления и эпигенетических изменений ультрабазитовых пород Малкинского массива. Показано, что железные и кобальт-никелевые руды приурочены к железистым апогарцбургитам, а хромитовые руды избирательно локализуются в дунитах. Это дает возможность прогнозировать наиболее ценные полезные ископаемые в перекрытой меловыми отложениями части массива The paper substantiates a new approach to the purposive ore mineralization forecast of the Malkin ultrabasic massif based on analysis and special processing of modern chemical analytical data, using petrological modeling methods and comparative petrochemical analysis of reference objects, as well as creating graphical spatial models based on GIS processing and reinterpretation of existing geological and geophysical data. It is established that the distribution in space of various minerals is determined by the location of ultrabasic rocks, and their manifestation in time is associated with the steps and stages of magmatic formation and epigenetic changes in ultrabasic rocks of the Malkinmassif. It is shown that iron and cobalt-nickel ores are confined to ferruginous apogartzburgites, and chromite ores are selectively localized in dunites. This makes it possible to predict the most valuable minerals in the part of the mass that is covered by Cretaceous sediments
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Kašperák, Pavel, Dagmar Kašperáková, Eva Geršlová e Milan Geršl. "Possibilities of evaluation of trace element loading of river sediments on the example of the Svratka River and its tributaries". Geoscience Research Reports, 25 novembre 2021, 117–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3140/zpravy.geol.2021.13.
Abstract (sommario):
Most methods of evaluating river system contamination use an enrichment factor, but there is no consensus concerning the specific values of the natural geochemical background to be. This is critical for evaluation of the anthropogenic loading. Taking into account that the final evaluation is strongly dependent on the choice of this parameter, the aim of the paper is to show the importance of the choice of the natural background in assessing the pollution degree of river sediments. Element concentrations of the surrounding rocks are considered to be the natural geochemical background. The Svratka River springs in the Žárské vrchy Highlands. It flows through crystalline rocks in upstream, and further then through metamorphic volcanic rocks, sediments of the Boskovice furrow and plutonic rocks of the Brno Massif. Further on, it flows through a straight watercourse over the plain of the Dyje-Svratka deep valley, and the downstream flows through Miocene sediments of the Carpathian foredeep and flysch units of the Western Carpathians (Fig. 1). 24 samples of river sediments were taken from the Svratka River and its tributaries (Fig. 1). The samples were decomposed in a solution of 1 ml HF (40%) and 3 ml HNO3 (65%). The Al, Ti and As contents were determined by AAS, the Pb, Zr contents were determined by FAAS, and Cr and Ni element contents were determined by ICP-MS (Table 2). The Enrichment Factor (EF) was calculated for each sample using Al, Ti and Zr as reference elements and recommended concentration of the natural background values in Table 1. The resulting EF values are very different (Fig. 2a, b). The results of the statistical processing for lead, arsenic, nickel and chromium (Fig. 3a–d) using the reference elements titanium, aluminium and zirconium demonstrated that the choice of the reference element is not the main factor that significantly influences the final evaluation. The choice of the appropriate natural geochemical background value is absolutely crucial for the evaluation of the anthropogenic loading