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Letteratura scientifica selezionata sul tema "Graphite"

Autore: Grafiati

Pubblicato: 4 giugno 2021

Ultima modifica: 5 ottobre 2024

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Articoli di riviste sul tema "Graphite"

Gholamalizadeh, Naghmeh, Saeedeh Mazinani, Majid Abdouss, Ali Mohammad Bazargan e Fataneh Fatemi. "Efficient and Direct Exfoliation of High-Quality Graphene Layers in Water from Different Graphite Sources and Its Electrical Characterization". Nano 16, n. 07 (24 giugno 2021): 2150079. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s179329202150079x.

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Green and efficient mass production of graphene sheets with high quality and electrical conductivity is intriguing for both academic scientists and industry. Among numerous production methods suffering from complexity or harsh chemical media, direct and high-yield exfoliation of graphite in water seems to be the best choice. In this study, efforts were made to prepare high-quality and stable graphene dispersions with the highest possible concentrations through an ultrasound-assisted liquid-phase exfoliation (LPE) in water directly from two types of natural graphites. The rigorous structural, morphological and electrical analyses were conducted on both graphite and graphene samples to quantitatively identify the effect of graphite sources on the LPE yield and the quality of the graphene nanosheets produced in the presence of an ionic surfactant. The results obtained by TEM, AFM, XRD and Raman spectroscopy indicated the successful and efficient production of single and few layer graphene sheets with the remarkable concentration of 3.18[Formula: see text]mg.ml[Formula: see text] in water. Moreover, the results signified that the structural quality, electrical conductivity and production yield of the graphene layers undoubtedly depend on the structural properties of graphite source. In fact, the graphite source greatly influences the final properties and potential applications of the produced graphene layer and the results are so important for the future graphene industry.

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Kausar, Ayesha. "Avant-Garde Polymer and Nano-Graphite-Derived Nanocomposites—Versatility and Implications". C 9, n. 1 (19 gennaio 2023): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/c9010013.

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Graphite (stacked graphene layers) has been modified in several ways to enhance its potential properties/utilities. One approach is to convert graphite into a unique ‘nano-graphite’ form. Nano-graphite consists of few-layered graphene, multi-layered graphene, graphite nanoplatelets, and other graphene aggregates. Graphite can be converted to nano-graphite using physical and chemical methods. Nano-graphite, similar to graphite, has been reinforced in conducting polymers/thermoplastics/rubbery matrices to develop high-performance nanocomposites. Nano-graphite and polymer/nano-graphite nanomaterials have characteristics that are advantageous over those of pristine graphitic materials. This review basically highlights the essential features, design versatilities, and applications of polymer/nano-graphite nanocomposites in solar cells, electromagnetic shielding, and electronic devices.

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Lu, Yan. "Size Effect of Expandable Graphite". Advanced Materials Research 499 (aprile 2012): 72–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.499.72.

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Using three natural graphites with different particle size, 35, 50 and 80 mesh, as raw materials, expandable graphites were prepared by intercalating, water-washing and drying the natural graphites. The products were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope and Raman spectroscopy. Results show that the structure of expandable graphite is affected strongly by the particle size of natural graphite. With increasing the particle size of natural graphite, for expandable graphite, the expansion degree of graphite flakes along the c-axis and the relative ratio of intercalating agents increase, while the structural disorder increases.

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Cao, Ning, e Yuan Zhang. "Study of Reduced Graphene Oxide Preparation by Hummers’ Method and Related Characterization". Journal of Nanomaterials 2015 (2015): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/168125.

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As a novel two-dimensional carbon material, graphene has fine potential applications in the fields of electron transfer agent and supercapacitor material for its excellent electronic and optical property. However, the challenge is to synthesize graphene in a bulk quantity. In this paper, graphite oxide was prepared from natural flake graphite by Hummers’ method through liquid oxidization, and the reduced graphene oxide was obtained by chemical reduction of graphene oxide using NH3·H2O aqueous solution and hydrazine hydrate. The raw material graphite, graphite oxide, and reduced graphene oxide were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), attenuated total reflectance-infrared spectroscopy (ATR-IR), and field emission scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results indicated that the distance spacing of graphite oxide was longer than that of graphite and the crystal structure of graphite was changed. The flake graphite was oxidized to graphite oxide and lots of oxygen-containing groups were found in the graphite oxide. In the morphologies of samples, fold structure was found on both the surface and the edge of reduced graphene oxide.

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Jeon, In Yup, Seo Yoon Bae e Jong Beom Baek. "Exfoliation of Graphite via Edge-Functionalization with Carboxylic Acid-Terminated Hyperbranched Poly(ether-ketone)s". Advanced Materials Research 123-125 (agosto 2010): 671–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.123-125.671.

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Because the complete restoration of graphene oxide into graphene is unsuccessful, the “direct” exfoliation of graphite into graphene is still remaining challenge. Here, we report in-situ grafting of carboxylic acid-terminated hyperbranched poly(ether-ketone) (HPEK) onto the edge of graphite to afford “edge-functionalized” HPEK grafted graphite (HPEK-g-graphite). The HPEK plays as a macromolecular wedge to exfoliate graphite. The degree of exfoliation of the resultant HPEK-g-graphite was estimated by wide-angle x-ray diffraction (WAXD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Due to the macromolecular wedge effect, the resultant HPEK-g-graphite was dispersible well in common organic solvents. Hence, HPEK-g-graphite could be potentially useful for graphene-based materials.

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Johnsen, Rune E., Poul Norby e Matteo Leoni. "Intercalation of lithium into disordered graphite in a working battery". Journal of Applied Crystallography 51, n. 4 (28 giugno 2018): 998–1004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600576718007756.

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The structural transformations occurring during the intercalation of lithium into disordered graphite in a working battery were studied in detail by operando X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD). By using a capillary-based micro-battery cell, it was possible to study the stacking disorder in the initial graphite as well as in lithiated graphites. The micro-battery cell was assembled in its charged state with graphite as positive electrode and metallic lithium as counter electrode. The battery was discharged until a stage II compound (LiC12) was formed. The operando XRPD data reveal that the graphitic electrode material retains a disordered nature during the intercalation process. A DIFFaX+ refinement based on the initial operando XRPD pattern shows that the initial graphite generally has an intergrown structure with domains of graphite 2H and graphite 3R. However, the average stacking sequence of the initial graphite also contains a significant concentration of AA-type stacking of the graphene sheets. DIFFaX+ was further used to refine structure models of a stage III type compound and the final stage II compound. The refinement of the stage II compound showed that it is dominated by AαAAαA-type stacking, but that it also contains a significant concentration of AαABβB-type slabs in the average stacking sequence.

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Wang, Meng Lu, e Li Ji. "Expansion Mechanism of Expandable Graphite Formed by Natural Graphite with Different Particle Size". Advanced Materials Research 499 (aprile 2012): 16–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.499.16.

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Using three natural graphites with different particle sizes, 80, 50 and 35 mesh, as raw material, three expanded graphites were prepared by irradiating expandable graphite in a microwave oven. Results show that the particle size of natural graphite influences strongly the expansion ratio of expanded graphite, and the larger the particle size, the larger the expansion ratio. In addition, the expansion mechanism of expandable graphite is discussed.

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Li, Jinghao, Qiangu Yan, Xuefeng Zhang, Jilei Zhang e Zhiyong Cai. "Efficient Conversion of Lignin Waste to High Value Bio-Graphene Oxide Nanomaterials". Polymers 11, n. 4 (4 aprile 2019): 623. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11040623.

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Lignin graphene oxide was oxidized after Kraft lignin was graphitized by thermal catalytic conversion. The reduced lignin graphene oxide was derived from lignin graphene oxide through thermal reduction treatment. These Kraft lignin, lignin graphite, lignin graphene oxide, and reduced lignin graphene oxide were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, raman microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. The results showed lignin graphite converted from Kraft lignin had fewer layers with smaller lateral size than natural graphite. Moreover, lignin graphene oxide was successfully produced from lignin graphite by an oxidation reaction with an hour-long reaction time, which has remarkably shorter reaction time than that of graphene oxide made from natural graphite. Meanwhile, this lignin-derived graphene oxide had the same XRD, FTIR and Raman peaks as graphene oxide oxidized from natural graphite. The SEM, TEM, and AFM images showed that this lignin graphene oxide with 1–3 average layers has a smaller lateral size than that of graphene oxide made from natural graphite. Moreover, the lignin graphene oxide can be reduced to reduced lignin graphene oxide to fabricate graphene-based aerogel, wire, and film for some potential applications.

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Panteleimonov, R. A., О. V. Boichuk, K. D. Pershina e V. M. Ogenko. "Structural and electrochemical properties of N-doped graphene–graphite composites". Voprosy Khimii i Khimicheskoi Tekhnologii, n. 6 (dicembre 2022): 61–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.32434/0321-4095-2022-145-6-61-67.

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This work studied the impact of graphene content and heat treatment on the structural changes and electrical parameters of graphite/N-doped graphene mixtures. Using photoelectron spectroscopy the appearance of two types of carbon-containing phases was detected in the visible range of the N-doped graphene samples synthesized from liquid nitrogen. The following features of the samples were shown: one typical structure of graphene (sp2C–sp2C), two atypical structures (sp3C–N and the C–O bond), and graphene components modified with nitrogen (pyridine–N, pyrrole–N, graphite–N and oxidized N–O). The dependence between the ratio of components in graphite–graphene mixtures and their electrochemical properties was found. The effect of graphite content and heat treatment on the change in the type of conductivity in a graphite–graphene mixture was determined by comparison of resistance and capacitance distribution in the frequency range of 100–900 Hz. The change of the graphite concentration in the graphene–graphite mixture allows governing the type of doping and electrical parameters of the mixtures.

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Ni, Chengyuan, Chengdong Xia, Wenping Liu, Wei Xu, Zhiqiang Shan, Xiaoxu Lei, Haiqing Qin e Zhendong Tao. "Effect of Graphene on the Performance of Silicon–Carbon Composite Anode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries". Materials 17, n. 3 (4 febbraio 2024): 754. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma17030754.

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(Si/graphite)@C and (Si/graphite/graphene)@C were synthesized by coating asphalt-cracked carbon on the surface of a Si-based precursor by spray drying, followed by heat treatment at 1000 °C under vacuum for 2h. The impact of graphene on the performance of silicon–carbon composite-based anode materials for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) was investigated. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) images of (Si/graphite/graphene)@C showed that the nano-Si and graphene particles were dispersed on the surface of graphite, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) curves indicated that the content of silicon in the (Si/graphite/graphene)@C was 18.91%. More bituminous cracking carbon formed on the surface of the (Si/graphite/graphene)@C due to the large specific surface area of graphene. (Si/Graphite/Graphene)@C delivered first discharge and charge capacities of 860.4 and 782.1 mAh/g, respectively, initial coulombic efficiency (ICE) of 90.9%, and capacity retention of 74.5% after 200 cycles. The addition of graphene effectively improved the cycling performance of the Si-based anode materials, which can be attributed to the reduction of electrochemical polarization due to the good structural stability and high conductivity of graphene.

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Tesi sul tema "Graphite"

Qiu, Xiaoyu. "Procédé d'exfoliation du graphite en phase liquide dans des laboratoires sur puce". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAI056/document.

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L’exfoliation en phase liquide du graphite est un procédé simple susceptible de produire du graphène à faible coût. Ces dernières années, de nombreuses équipes ont exploité la cavitation acoustique et la cavitation hydrodynamique comme moyen d’exfoliation. La cavitation acoustique ne peut traiter qu’une quantité limitée de fluide et génère des défauts sur la structure du graphène,tandis que la cavitation hydrodynamique dans une solution en écoulement n’agit que localement pendant une durée très brève. Les équipes de recherche utilisant ce dernier procédé compensent cette brièveté en imposant à la solution chargée en graphite des différences de pression très fortes, et utilisent alors des infrastructures macroscopiques lourdes pour lesquelles il est difficile de distinguer le rôle du cisaillement de celui de la cavitation. Nous avons cherché à développer un nouveau procédé d’exfoliation basé sur l’utilisation de microsystèmes fluidiques capables de générer un écoulementcavitant avec un débit supérieur à 10 L/h pour une différence de pression modérée n’excédant pas 10 bar. Une nouvelle génération de laboratoires ‘sur puce’ a ainsi été imaginée et réalisée, permettant de traiter des solutions surfactées chargées en microparticules de graphite. Il est apparu que laconcentration solide et la durée de traitement sont des paramètres cruciaux pour l’efficacité du procédé. Par rapport à un écoulement monophasique laminaire microfluidique, l’écoulement cavitant produit plus de produits exfoliés et de graphène, avec un rendement de l’ordre de 6%. Ceci indique que l’implosion des bulles et la turbulence favorisent également les interactions entre particules. Ce procédé d’exfoliation microfluidique, qui ne nécessite une puissance que de quelques Watts, permet d’envisager à terme une production économe et écologique de graphène en suspension
Liquid phase exfoliation of graphite is a simple and low-cost process, that is likely to produce graphene. The last few years, many researchers have used acoustic or hydrodynamic cavitation as an exfoliating tool. Acoustic cavitation is limited to low volumes and defects are present on the graphenesheets ; hydrodynamic cavitation inside a flowing solution acts briefly. So, people are using big reactors running with high pressure drops, and it is difficult from a fundamental point of view to know the physical role of shear rate versus cavitation, in the exfoliation process. We have tried to develop a new process funded on hydrodynamic cavitation ’on a chip’, with flow rates above 10 L/h and pressure drop below 10 bar. A new generation of ’labs on a chip’ has been designed and performed, processing with aqueous surfactant graphite solutions. The solid concentration and the duration of the process have proved to be key parameters. Cavitating microflows have exhibited a better efficiency (up to ~6%) than laminar liquid microflows, for the production of graphene flakes. Collapsing bubbles and turbulence are also likely to enhance particles interactions. Such a microfluidic process, which requires an hydraulic power of a few Watt, makes possible a further low-cost and green production of graphene sheets

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Ballestar, Ana. "Superconductivity at Graphite Interfaces". Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-141196.

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The existence of superconductivity in graphite has been under discussion since the 1960s when it was found in intercalated graphitic compounds, such as C8K, C8Rb and C8Cs. However, it was only about 40 years ago when the existence of superconductivity in pure graphite came up. In this work we directly investigate the interfaces highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) has in its inner structure, since they play a major role in the electronic properties. The results obtained after studying the electrical transport provide clear evidence on granular superconductivity localized at the interfaces of graphite samples. Zero resistance states, strong current dependence and magnetic field effect on the superconducting phase support this statement. Additionally, an abrupt reduction in the measured voltage at temperatures from 3 to 175 K has been observed. However, the upper value of this transition temperature seems to not have been reached yet. A possible method to enhance it is to increase the carrier density of graphite samples. In order to preserve to quasi-two-dimensional structure of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite, chemical doping has been dismissed in the frame of this work. We used an external electric field to move the Fermi level and, hence, try to trigger superconductivity in multi layer graphene samples. A drop on the resistance at around 17 K has been measured for a large enough electric field applied perpendicular to the graphene planes. This transition is strongly affected by magnetic field and only appeared at low temperatures. As a result of the studies included in this work, it appears clear that graphite has a superconducting phase located at certain interfaces with a very high transition temperature.

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Yu, Wenlong. "Infrared magneto-spectroscopy of graphite and graphene nanoribbons". Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/54244.

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The graphitic systems have attracted intensive attention recently due to the discovery of graphene, a single layer of graphite. The low-energy band structure of graphene exhibits an unusual linear dispersion relation which hosts massless Dirac fermions and leads to intriguing electronic and optical properties. In particular, due to the high mobility and tunability, graphene and graphitic materials have been recognized as promising candidates for future nanoelectronics and optoelectronics. Electron-phonon coupling (EPC) plays a significant role in electronic and optoelectronic devices. Therefore, it is crucial to understand EPC in graphitic materials and then manipulate it to achieve better device performance. In the first part of this thesis, we explore EPC between Dirac-like fermions and infrared active phonons in graphite via infrared magneto-spectroscopy. We demonstrate that the EPC can be tuned by varying the magnetic field. The second part of this thesis deals with magnetoplasmons in quasineutral graphene nanoribbons. Multilayer epitaxial graphene grown on the carbon terminated silicon carbide surface behaves like single layer graphene. Plasmons are excited in the nanoribbons of undoped multilayer epitaxial graphene. In a magnetic field, the cyclotron resonance can couple with the plasmon resonance forming the so-called upperhybrid mode. This mode exhibits a distinct dispersion relation, radically different from that expected for conventional two dimensional systems.

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Solane, Pierre-Yves. "Spectroscopie optique du graphite-graphène sous champs mégagauss". Toulouse 3, 2012. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1874/.

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La découverte expérimentale du graphène (monocouche de graphite) en 2004 a provoqué un grand engouement dans la communauté scientifique. Cela a également renouvelé l'intérêt pour l'étude du graphite. Les propriétés de ces deux matériaux ont largement été étudiées par le biais de différentes techniques expérimentales (transport, optique. . . ). Dans cette thèse nous démontrons que les mesures de transmission effectuées sous champ magnétiques très intenses (> 1 millions de fois le champ magnétique terrestre) sont un outil très puissant pour étudier la structure électronique du graphène et du graphite. Dans un premier temps, nous montrerons que l'asymétrie électron-trou dans le graphite est causée par le terme souvent négligé de l'énergie cinétique d'un électron libre. Ce terme, également présent dans l'Hamiltonien décrivant les propriétés électroniques du graphène, explique élégamment l'asymétrie électron trou qui y est observée. Deuxièmement, l'utilisation de nombreuses sources dans l'infrarouge et dans le visible (200meV à 2eV) nous a permis d'observer de grandes séries de transitions interbandes dans le graphite entre les quatre bandes (E3+, E3-, E1 et E2) jusqu'à 150 T et à température ambiante. La résonance au point K peut être parfaitement décrite avec le modèle du bicouche effectif et la résonance au point H correspond à celle d'une monocouche de graphène. Enfin, nous démontrerons que ces résonances peuvent être réduites à une simple mesure de la relation de dispersion décrite par la formule relativiste E2=m02v4 + p2v2, avec v la vitesse de Fermi et, où l'énergie d'une particule au repos m0v² est égale à 385 meV au point K et est nulle au point H
Since its experimental discovery in 2004, graphene (a single layer of graphite) has attracted a lot of attention. It also leads to a renewed interest in graphite. Subsequently, both these materials have extensively been studied using different experimental techniques. In this thesis we demonstrate that transmission measurements performed in extremely high magnetic field (> 1 million times the earth's magnetic field) are a very useful tool to investigate the electronic structure of graphene and graphite. In particular, we will demonstrate that electron-hole asymmetry in graphite is caused by the often neglected free-electron kinetic energy term. This term is also present in the Hamiltonian describing electronic properties of graphene, hence it will lead to an asymmetry in graphene. Additionally, using near-infrared and visible sources from 200meV to 2eV we observe strong series of interband transitions in graphite between the four interlayer split bands (E3+, E3-, E1 and E2) up to 150 T at room temperature. The K-point electron resonances can be described well using an effective bilayer graphene model and the H-point transitions correspond to monolayer graphene. It is demonstrated that this can be reduced to a single measurement of the dispersion relation which is described by the relativistic formula where E2=m02v4 + p2v2 with v the Fermi velocity and a single particle rest energy m0v² of 385 meV for the K-point electrons and zero as expected for the H-point

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Geng, Yan. "Preparation and characterization of graphite nanoplatelet, graphene and graphene-polymer nanocomposites /". View abstract or full-text, 2009. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?MECH%202009%20GENG.

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Risley, Mason J. "Surfactant-assisted exfoliation and processing of graphite and graphene". Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/48980.

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Surfactant assisted solution exfoliation of expanded graphite by means of sonication was carried out in an attempt to produce non-covalent charge functionality on the surface of graphene for the directed self assembly of graphene films on patterned substrates via electrostatic interactions. This thesis includes the results of experimental research associated with: 1) quantifying the effectiveness of various di-functionalized dithienothiophene surfactant small molecules, 2) further understanding the surface affinity and interaction mechanism between these surfactant molecules and the surface of expanded graphite and graphene and 3) experimentally testing the feasibility of the directed self-assembly of graphene films by means of charge functionalization of graphene by the surfactant molecules adsorbed onto the surface of exfoliated graphene.

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Abro, Mehwish. "Modelling the exfoliation of graphite for production of graphene". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Fasta tillståndets elektronik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-272339.

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The aim of my thesis is to make a theoretical model of data obtained from liquid-phase exfoliation of graphene. The production of graphene in the liquid phase exfoliation is a cost efficient method One part of this work is devotedto learn the method of production of graphene by the shear mixing technique from the graphite and to estimate some important parameters which are crucial for the process. Other part of my work is based on studying the liquid-phase exfoliation mechanism of graphene through ultrasonication technique. This method is time consuming as compared to shearmixing.

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Alofi, Ayman Salman Shadid. "Theory of phonon thermal transport in graphene and graphite". Thesis, University of Exeter, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/15687.

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Thermal properties of graphene and graphite have been investigated by employing the analytical expressions for the phonon dispersion relations and the vibrational density of states derived by Nihira and Iwata, which are based on the semicontinuum model proposed by Komatsu and Nagamiya. The thermal conductivities of graphene and graphite are computed within the framework of Callaway’s effective relaxation time theory. The Normal-drift contribution (the correction term in Callaway’s theory) produces a significant addition to the result obtained from the single-mode relaxation time theory, clearly suggesting that the single-mode relaxation time approach alone is inadequate for describing the phonon conductivity of graphene. Its contribution to the thermal conductivity arises from the consideration of the momentum conserving nature of three-phonon Normal processes and is found to be very important for explaining the magnitude as well as the temperature dependence of the experimentally measured results for graphene and graphite. This model has not been implemented before for studying the thermal conductivity of graphene. Also the model has been applied to compute the thermal conductivity of graphene, graphite basal planes, and graphite c-axis. This has further been used to investigate the evolution of thermal properties from graphene to graphite as a function of layer thickness and temperature. The effects of isotopes and tensile strain on the graphene thermal properties have been examined within this model and compared with other available studies.

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Shokri, Roozbeh [Verfasser], e Günter [Akademischer Betreuer] Reiter. "Self-Assembly of supra-molecular systems on graphene or graphite = Selbstorganisation von Supramolekularen Systemen auf Graphen oder Graphit". Freiburg : Universität, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1123475415/34.

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Csapo-Hounkponou, Elisabeth. "Etude du comportement tribologique de couples graphite/cuivre et graphite/graphite dans un contact électrique glissant". Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993INPL152N.

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Libri sul tema "Graphite"

1964-, Chan H. E., a cura di. Graphene and graphite materials. Hauppauge. NY: Nova Science Publishers, 2009.

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Taylor, Harold A. Graphite. Washington, D.C: U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Mines, 1991.

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Spence, Hugh S. Graphite. Ottawa: T. Mulvey, 1997.

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Watanabe, Nobuatsu. Graphite flourides. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1988.

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United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., a cura di. Graphite intercalation compounds prepared from graphite fluoride. [Washington, DC]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1994.

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Claire, Hérolda, e Lagrange Philippe, a cura di. Superconducting intercalated graphite. Hauppauge, N.Y: Nova Science Publishers, 2008.

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Garcia, L. A. Graphite rod repair. Portland, Or: F. Amato Publications, 1997.

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Pierre, Delhaes, a cura di. Graphite and precursors. Amsterdam: Gordon & Breach, 2000.

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Ells, R. W. Bulletin on graphite. Ottawa: S.E. Dawson, 1992.

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Muchemwa, E. Graphite in Zimbabwe. Harare: Zimbabwe Geological Survey, 1987.

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Capitoli di libri sul tema "Graphite"

Shabalin, Igor L. "Carbon (Graphene/Graphite)". In Ultra-High Temperature Materials I, 7–235. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7587-9_2.

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Crowson, Phillip. "Graphite". In Minerals Handbook 1994–95, 107–11. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-13431-1_17.

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Crowson, Phillip. "Graphite". In Minerals Handbook 1996–97, 152–58. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-13793-0_18.

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Albarede, Francis. "Graphite". In Encyclopedia of Astrobiology, 1. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27833-4_666-2.

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Albarède, Francis. "Graphite". In Encyclopedia of Astrobiology, 1000. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-44185-5_666.

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Yang, Yuehai, Wenzhi Li, Elmar Kroner, Eduard Arzt, Bharat Bhushan, Laila Benameur, Liu Wei et al. "Graphite". In Encyclopedia of Nanotechnology, 978. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9751-4_100275.

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Albarede, Francis. "Graphite". In Encyclopedia of Astrobiology, 685–86. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-11274-4_666.

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Baker, Ian. "Graphite". In Fifty Materials That Make the World, 81–87. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-78766-4_16.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Graphite". In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 348. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_5617.

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Thrower, Peter A. "Graphite". In Inorganic Reactions and Methods, 152–57. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470145333.ch107.

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Atti di convegni sul tema "Graphite"

Bimsara, G. S. M. N., W. M. N. C. Wijerathnayake, W. A. N. M. Abeyrathna, P. Thayalan, D. M. D. O. K. Dissanayake e S. U. Adikary. "Synthesis of graphene through electrochemical exfoliation of Sri Lankan graphite". In International Symposium on Earth Resources Management & Environment - ISERME 2023. Department of Earth Resources Engineering, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.31705/iserme.2023.19.

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Graphene, a remarkable two-dimensional carbon allotrope characterized by a hexagonally arranged carbon lattice, has garnered significant attention due to its extraordinary properties and diverse range of applications. For the synthesis of graphene, multiple methods are available. In this research, we opted for the electrochemical exfoliation method due to its simplicity, scalability, and environmentally friendly attributes. This methodology follows a top-down paradigm, whereby graphene is derived from graphite. The experimental configuration involved the construction of an electrolytic cell, employing carbon electrodes fabricated from compacted graphite powder, with a 0.1M Na2SO4 solution serving as the electrolyte. By systematically varying the voltage, current, and spatial separation between the anode and cathode, five experimental trials were conducted. Subsequently, the electrolyte underwent filtration, and the resultant residue underwent a drying process. Morphological observation of the synthesized graphene samples was facilitated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Furthermore, the confirmation of graphene sample purity was achieved through energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The x-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed a distinct diffraction peak at 2θ=26.4°, corresponding to the (002) plane. Additionally, the absorption peak of graphene was identified at 230 nm. Our findings strongly suggest that electrochemical exfoliation represents a promising avenue for the synthesis of grapheme utilizing Sri Lankan graphite. However, further investigations are imperative to refine and optimise this method for the large-scale production of graphene.

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Sytar, V. I., A. I. Burya, M. V. Burmistr, D. S. Danilin e O. S. Kabat. "Effect of Graphite Content on Wear of Thermostable Graphite-Reinforced Plastics". In World Tribology Congress III. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/wtc2005-63229.

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This article contains the examination of graphite-filled systems based on an aromatic copolyamide (poly-m-,-n-phenylen isophthalamide) - phenilon C1. Used as fillers are natural colloidal graphites ELP-B, B-1 and C-1 contained at the amount of 5 to 30 mass %. The results of investigations allowed to state that the type and content of filler has a substantial effect on tribotechnical properties of graphite-reinforced plastics. It has been found that phenilon containing 15–20 mass % of graphite C-1 possesses the best tribotechnical characteristics.

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Miura, K., D. Tsuda e N. Sasaki. "Superlubricity of C60 Intercalated Graphite Films (Keynote)". In World Tribology Congress III. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/wtc2005-63930.

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The frictional behavior of the C60 intercalated graphite films with a large size of 2.3×2.3mm2 is reported. The C60 intercalated graphite films consist of alternating close-packed C60 monolayers and graphite layers (graphenes), and thus many sliding planes are formed between each C60 monolayer and graphene. The intercalation of C60 molecules into graphite films results in superlubricity where frictional forces are observed to be stationarily zero.

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Zhang, Jun-Fu, Jia-Han Li e Tony Wen-Hann Sheu. "Anisotropic Permittivities and Transmittance of Double Layer Graphene". In JSAP-OSA Joint Symposia. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/jsap.2017.7p_a404_8.

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Graphene is a two dimensional material consisted of honeycomb carbon lattices. Comparing to pure graphene, bilayer graphene is taking special interest due to the interlayer interactions. The interlayer coupling has the influences on the electronic and optical properties, which has crucial characteristics distinct from graphite. Ebernil et al. [1] reported that the single layer graphene has red-shifted surface plasmon modes from graphite at 4.7 eV and 14.6 eV. It illustrated that the dielectric function of graphene distinct from graphite. In this work, the permittivities of double layer graphene are numerically simulated using Density Functional Theory (DFT) method. Also, the transmittance of SiO2 substrate model, surface conductivity approach of graphene model, and DFT model are compared.

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Norris, Pamela M., Justin L. Smoyer, John C. Duda e Patrick E. Hopkins. "Prediction and Measurement of Thermal Transport Across Interfaces Between Isotropic Solids and Graphitic Materials". In ASME 2010 8th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels collocated with 3rd Joint US-European Fluids Engineering Summer Meeting. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm-icnmm2010-30171.

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Due to the high intrinsic thermal conductivity of carbon allotropes, there have been many attempts to incorporate such structures into existing thermal abatement technologies. In particular, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphitic materials (i.e., graphite and graphene flakes or stacks) have garnered much interest due to the combination of both their thermal and mechanical properties. However, the introduction of these carbon-based nanostructures into thermal abatement technologies greatly increases the number of interfaces per unit length within the resulting composite systems. Consequently, thermal transport in these systems is governed as much by the interfaces between the constituent materials as it is by the materials themselves. This paper reports the behavior of phononic thermal transport across interfaces between isotropic thin films and graphite substrates. Elastic and inelastic diffusive transport models are formulated to aid in the prediction of conductance at a metal-graphite interface. The temperature dependence of the thermal conductance at Au-graphite interfaces is measured via transient thermoreflectance from 78 to 400 K. It is found that different substrate surface preparations prior to thin film deposition have a significant effect on the conductance of the interface between film and substrate.

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Albers, Tracy L., Lionel Batty e David M. Kaschak. "High-Temperature Properties of Nuclear Graphite". In Fourth International Topical Meeting on High Temperature Reactor Technology. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/htr2008-58284.

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The unique combination of physical properties inherent to graphite makes it an attractive material for use as a moderator in high-temperature nuclear reactors (HTR’s). High-temperature physical properties of three nuclear grade graphites manufactured by GrafTech International Holdings Inc. (GrafTech) (PCEA, PCIB-SFG, and PPEA) have been determined experimentally and are presented here. Tensile strength, Young’s modulus, thermal conductivity, specific resistance, and coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) data are collected at temperatures from 25 °C to as high as 2000 °C and are found to be consistent with classical graphite behavior.

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Strativnov, E., A. Kozhan, Y. Ivachkin e A. Pazeev. "Graphene Synthesis from Natural Flake Graphite". In 2018 IEEE 8th International Conference Nanomaterials: Application & Properties (NAP). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/nap.2018.8915281.

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Chirayath, V. A., A. J. Fairchild, R. W. Gladen, M. D. Chrysler, A. R. Koymen e A. H. Weiss. "Positronium formation in graphene and graphite". In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SCIENCE AND APPLIED SCIENCE (ICSAS) 2019. AIP Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5135845.

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Natarajan, Ravikumar, R. Rajendran, T. R. TAMIL ARASAN PhD e RANJITH PANDURANGAN. "Tribological Properties Evaluation of Newly Developed Friction Material for Automotive Disc Brake Pad". In International Conference on Advances in Design, Materials, Manufacturing and Surface Engineering for Mobility. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2020-28-0511.

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<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">The present work aims at investigating the tribological behavior of a newly developed friction materials and its performance is compared with the commercial brake pad under dry sliding conditions. The friction materials were made in the form of cylindrical pin from three different solid lubricants - graphite, molybdenum disulfide (MoS<sub>2</sub>) and graphene - keeping the other ingredients fixed. The prepared seven samples (BP01- Graphite, BP02- MoS<sub>2</sub>, BP03- Graphite &MoS<sub>2</sub>, BP04- Graphene, BP05- Graphene & Graphite, BP06 - Graphene & MoS<sub>2</sub>, BP07 - Graphene, Graphite & MoS<sub>2</sub>) were tested in pin and disc machine and compared to investigate the coefficient of friction, wear resistance followed by hardness test and thermal degradation analysis. The results showed that the wear loss and coefficient of friction of the developed friction materials were strongly influenced by the type and percentage of solid lubricants. The performance of the newly developed friction materials is better than the commercial brake pad which signifies that it could be used in commercial automotive applications.</div></div>

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Shmavonyan, G. Sh, e A. R. Mailian. "Graphite Pencil Drawn Lines: A Nanomaterial or Few Layer Graphene/Graphite Layered Structure". In 2nd International Conference on Green Materials and Environmental Engineering. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/gmee-15.2015.4.

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Rapporti di organizzazioni sul tema "Graphite"

Collings, R. K., e P. R. A. Andrews. Graphite. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/328612.

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Davison, R., e A. Van Rythoven. Critical mineral: Graphite. Montana Bureau of Mines and Geology, dicembre 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.59691/coiv6731.

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Ho, F. H. Graphite design handbook. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), settembre 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/714896.

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Larkins Jr, Grover L., e Yuriy A. Vlasov. (HBCU) Doped Graphene and Graphite as a Potential High Temperature Superconductor. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, luglio 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada588862.

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Summerfield, Daisy. Australian resources review: graphite. Geoscience Australia, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.11636/9781925848267.

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Ubic, Rick, Darryl Butt e William Windes. Irradiation Creep in Graphite. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), marzo 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1128528.

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Mark W. Drigert. Graphite Gamma Scan Results. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), aprile 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1133866.

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W. Windes, T. Burchell e M.Carroll. Graphite Technology Development Plan. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), ottobre 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/993160.

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Kennedy, C. R. (Irradiation creep of graphite). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), dicembre 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6410826.

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Windes, W., e R. Smith. Oxidation Resistant Graphite Studies. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), luglio 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1164863.

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