Tesi sul tema "Gestion en fin de vie"
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Gonda, Louise. "Analyse environnementale de la gestion de fin de vie des déchets d’équipements électriques et électroniques par les entreprises d’économie sociale en Belgique francophone". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/261164.
Doctorat en Sciences
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Roy, Thomas. "Rémunérations, travail et niveaux de vie à Dijon à la fin du Moyen-Age". Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019UBFCH004.
The remuneration of work is a familiar concept in our modern world. It is well known that medieval societies also faced it, but we don’t know under what proportions, what influenced its level and how it participates to living standard. These are the central questions guiding this work, with Dijon at the end of the Middle Ages as a mooring point. The richness of Dijon medieval archives offers high quality material for the study of medieval remunerations. A first point of observation was established during the 1370-1395 period, where the cross-referencing of various documents made possible to systemically observe the importance of remunerations within Dijon society. Two other observation points were placed on the ducal vineyards and the municipal legislation on prices and wages, in a wider diachronic perspective extended to the 15th century.A database was created from more than 12,000 payments covering the 1370-1395 period. It reports a significant income-generating activity in the construction, craft and vineyard areas. The mapping of these remunerations shows their impact on the whole city and beyond. The comparison with the tax accounts made possible to assess the proportion of the population which was paid and its standard of living. Indeed, our documents do not allow us to detect the entire active population : only about 20 % of the city households were retributed. Medieval society had difficulties to give a name to remunerations. This study shows that work is quantified by different means: some are based on precise calculations of daily work or measurement of production, the others mix remuneration sensu stricto and in kind payment of the workers. The levels of remuneration are however calculated on the basis of concrete aspects: the worker's experience, his/her technical mastery and his/her know-how, the task difficulty, the harsh working conditions and the productivity. If these aspects are similar to modern practice of remuneration, it takes place in small working structures, often enshrined in the broad framework of the family.The late-medieval labor remuneration is thus composite and if some of workers get rich, it is difficult to grasp its importance to satisfy the needs of workers. Yet, political interventions constantly seeked to constrain and limit the rise of remunerations in order to reduce the production costs. Throughout the fifteenth century, the city of Dijon and the Duchy of Burgundy promulgated ordinances on the remuneration of winegrowers, and others which aimed to limit the bread price. These interferences show the importance of the remuneration of work at the end of the Middle Ages and also gives the means to approach the concept of real wages
El, korchi Akram. "Conditions stratégiques d'émergence d'une reverse supply chain à des fins de remanufacturing chez le fabricant d'origine". Thesis, Aix-Marseille 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AIX24015.
As competitiveness increases and environmental legislation toughens, companies can no longer solely rely on traditional supply chain OEM to remain competitive. Indeed for some companies such as copy machine or computer manufacturers, a unique value creation chain is no longer sufficient. These companies have created, or are trying to create, a second valuecreation chain, the reverse supply chain. This organizational innovation is mainly based on creating value through remanufacturing of end of the life products. The benefits of a reverse supply chain clearly emerge in academia and industrial test studies. Yet the number of companies that have been able to create and sustain a viable reverse supply chain is rather limited.This dissertation has been conducted under a multidisciplinary research project. The goal of the project was to create a methodology to facilitate the development of remanufacturing systems based on an intervention research conducted with a company seeking to promote the remanufacturing of its end of life products. This intervention also allowed us, beside to ourcontribution to the development of the remanufacturing methodology, to look into the strategic factors which influence the emergence of a reverse supply chain
Chekoubi, Zakaria. "Problème intégré de dimensionnement de lots et de tournées de véhicules avec remanufacturing des produits en fin de vie". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LORR0209.
In a traditional supply chain, production, inventory and distribution operations are treated separately due to the complexity of jointly planning these operations and the lack of information shared among stakeholders. Today, in order to face the fierce competition in the global market, companies are forced to jointly plan these activities in order to benefit from the economic and environmental benefits generated by this integration. Among the optimization problems existing in the literature, the integrated planning problem which jointly optimizes production, inventory management, distribution and vehicle routes decisions, has recently received considerable attention, despite its NP-hardiness. Indeed, its benefits in terms of synchronization between processes, cost reduction and improved service level can be significant. In addition, the optimization of this problem in the context of closed-loop supply chains with End-of-Life Product (EOL) management leads to the development of increasingly sustainable supply chains. Furthermore, growing concerns about environmental issues linked to industrial activities have led to the emergence of policies to control carbon emissions. Taking these regulations into account can have a positive impact on the company's environmental responsibility. To meet these challenges, the objective of this thesis is to design models and develop optimization approaches to solve an integrated planning problem of production, remanufacturing, storage and direct-reverse distribution operations. We considered a closed-loop supply chain consisting of a production line for new products, a remanufacturing line for returned EOL products, two types of inventories for reusable products and EOL ones to be remanufactured, as well as customers with dynamic demands for delivery and pickups. The goal is to determine the optimal amounts to produce, remanufacture and store, as well as the order of visiting customers in order to meet their requests simultaneously for delivery and pickup, while minimizing the total cost due to the involved operations. First, a linear integer model is proposed to optimize the supply chain system by considering one or more vehicles with limited capacity. The second part of the thesis concerns the development of a two-phase decomposition heuristic to solve the extended integrated model. The last part of the thesis is devoted to the integration of carbon dioxide emissions into production, remanufacturing, inventory and distribution decisions and to study the behavior of carbon emission levels in the context of cap-and-trade policy. Numerical experiments make it possible to demonstrate the applicability and the limits of our approaches
David, Mickaël. "Une approche située du fit pour l’analyse des usages des systèmes d’entreprise : le cas des systèmes de gestion du cycle de vie des produits (PLMS)". Nantes, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014NANT4021.
This thesis examines the regulation in use situations of use of an enterprise system that have to be implemented in order to manage the interdependencies associated with the use of a common system, while at the same time allowing and encouraging the development of a mature use of the system by users. The systems studied are Product Lifecycle Management Systems. A situated structurationist model of fit between the applicative system, the system of tasks and users is constructed to evaluate the need for usage situations’ regulation. Two cases, one in the automotive sector, the other in the ready-to-wear sector, allow us to study how these regulations can be implemented. The main results of this thesis are formalized by three articles. A model of the change potential in usage is proposed; and the influence of the systems on this model is studied. The data-oriented systems and the documents-oriented systems are compared in the informational needs that they meet as well as their respective impacts on the regulation needed for their usage. Finally, some managerial recommendations are proposed based on the experience drawn from one of the two cases. This doctoral work contributes to a better understanding of the structuring power of PLM systems on usage situations as well as a better instrumentation of this structuring power by the management. The objective is to increase and sustain the contribution of these systems towards organizational performance. Some of our results can be generalized to all enterprise system
Bensbaa, Abderrezak. "«Plan de gestion global d'un projet de conception et d'édification d'une entreprise industrielle, oeuvrant dans le cadre de la logistique inverse». Étude de cas: Recyclage et pré-valorisation des pneus en fin de vie". Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26671/26671.pdf.
Bensbaa, Abderrezak. ""Plan de gestion global d'un projet de conception et d'édification d'une entreprise industrielle, œuvrant dans le cadre de la logistique inverse" : étude de cas : recyclage et pré-valorisation des pneus en fin de vie". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/21196.
Mekki, Kaïs. "Gestion de l'information embarquée dans des matériaux communicants à l'aide de protocoles de réseaux de capteurs sans fil". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LORR0034.
A new Internet of Things area is coming with communicating materials, which are able to provide diverse functionalities to users all along the product lifecycle. As example, it can track its own evolution which leads to gather helpful information. This new paradigm is fulfilled via the integration of specific electronic components into the product material. In this thesis, ultra-small wireless sensor nodes are used for concrete precast field. Indeed, storage of lifecycle information and data dissemination in communicating materials are very important issues. Therefore, this thesis provides a new protocol (USEE) for storing data by a systematic dissemination through the integrated sensor nodes. It guarantees that information could be retrieved in each piece of the concrete by intelligently managing data replication among each neighborhood of the sensor network. The protocol considers in the same set uniformity storage in the whole network, the data importance level, and the resource constraints of sensor nodes. Then, another new data retrieval protocol (RaWPG) is developed to extract the stored information. Castalia/OMNeT++ simulator is used to evaluate the performances of the proposed protocols
Dhib, Soumaya. "Contribution à l'optimisation de la Configuration et à l'évaluation de performances des réseaux logistiques inverses : cas des déchets des équipements électriques et électroniques". Thesis, Paris 8, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA080033/document.
Regulatory tightening on environmental management and environmental responsibility increasingly forces industrialists to respect the environment in their deployment and development. At a time when we are talking about the shortening of the life span of consumer products and durable goods, these manufacturers now have the task of putting in place processes for the valorization of their end-of-life products and derivatives of their products productions. This has been the case in particular for computer and electronic equipment which seeks to design logistic networks that meet the management needs of the flows of their returns such as WEEE1. Indeed, they are subject to strong demands (mastery of destinations for valorisation of end-of-life products, reduction of processing costs, reduction of the impact of associated logistical activities on the environment, etc.). This work deals with the design of logistic networks of returns flows which are naturally subject to economic constraints but also to environmental ones. Some of factors of the problem such as: return status, fluctuations in the demand for valued products, etc. are taken into account in the search for the configuration of the logistics network that best meets the needs
Mekki, Kaïs. "Gestion de l'information embarquée dans des matériaux communicants à l'aide de protocoles de réseaux de capteurs sans fil". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LORR0034/document.
A new Internet of Things area is coming with communicating materials, which are able to provide diverse functionalities to users all along the product lifecycle. As example, it can track its own evolution which leads to gather helpful information. This new paradigm is fulfilled via the integration of specific electronic components into the product material. In this thesis, ultra-small wireless sensor nodes are used for concrete precast field. Indeed, storage of lifecycle information and data dissemination in communicating materials are very important issues. Therefore, this thesis provides a new protocol (USEE) for storing data by a systematic dissemination through the integrated sensor nodes. It guarantees that information could be retrieved in each piece of the concrete by intelligently managing data replication among each neighborhood of the sensor network. The protocol considers in the same set uniformity storage in the whole network, the data importance level, and the resource constraints of sensor nodes. Then, another new data retrieval protocol (RaWPG) is developed to extract the stored information. Castalia/OMNeT++ simulator is used to evaluate the performances of the proposed protocols
Jmal, Aymen. "Représentation des connaissances scientifiques en vue de leur transfert vers l'industrie : Application à la valorisation des produits à base de bois en fin de vie". Phd thesis, Ecole des Mines de Nantes, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00857569.
Ton, That Dai Hai. "Gestion efficace et partage sécurisé des traces de mobilité". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLV003/document.
Nowadays, the advances in the development of mobile devices, as well as embedded sensors have permitted an unprecedented number of services to the user. At the same time, most mobile devices generate, store and communicate a large amount of personal information continuously. While managing personal information on the mobile devices is still a big challenge, sharing and accessing these information in a safe and secure way is always an open and hot topic. Personal mobile devices may have various form factors such as mobile phones, smart devices, stick computers, secure tokens or etc. It could be used to record, sense, store data of user's context or environment surrounding him. The most common contextual information is user's location. Personal data generated and stored on these devices is valuable for many applications or services to user, but it is sensitive and needs to be protected in order to ensure the individual privacy. In particular, most mobile applications have access to accurate and real-time location information, raising serious privacy concerns for their users.In this dissertation, we dedicate the two parts to manage the location traces, i.e. the spatio-temporal data on mobile devices. In particular, we offer an extension of spatio-temporal data types and operators for embedded environments. These data types reconcile the features of spatio-temporal data with the embedded requirements by offering an optimal data presentation called Spatio-temporal object (STOB) dedicated for embedded devices. More importantly, in order to optimize the query processing, we also propose an efficient indexing technique for spatio-temporal data called TRIFL designed for flash storage. TRIFL stands for TRajectory Index for Flash memory. It exploits unique properties of trajectory insertion, and optimizes the data structure for the behavior of flash and the buffer cache. These ideas allow TRIFL to archive much better performance in both Flash and magnetic storage compared to its competitors.Additionally, we also investigate the protect user's sensitive information in the remaining part of this thesis by offering a privacy-aware protocol for participatory sensing applications called PAMPAS. PAMPAS relies on secure hardware solutions and proposes a user-centric privacy-aware protocol that fully protects personal data while taking advantage of distributed computing. For this to be done, we also propose a partitioning algorithm an aggregate algorithm in PAMPAS. This combination drastically reduces the overall costs making it possible to run the protocol in near real-time at a large scale of participants, without any personal information leakage
Bonneric, Julie. "Lumière et mosquées en Égypte et Syrie médiévales, des conquêtes arabes (milieu du VIIe s. ) à la fin de la dynastie ayyūbide (milieu du XIIIe s. ) : gestion de l'éclairage et portée symbolique". Paris, EPHE, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013EPHE4031.
A profound interest in light characterized Islam, in Egypt and the Bilād al-Shām, until the end of the Ayyūbid dynasty. This interest appears in numerous references or symbols (profane and theosophic), but also in forms and materials (architecture, lighting, furnishings). By comparing and bringing together various sources (archaeological, textual, architectural, photometric, and iconographic), light emerges as an exploitable historical fact. Through this framework, the study of mosques offers essential opportunities for understanding light in Islam. Specifically, mosques take light into account in its three dimensions: as both as vector of perception and immaterial architecture that organizes space, light can also become a reference that symbolizes or gives sight to hidden realities. Mosques are not only sacred spaces where God is celebrated, but also spaces for life and socialization. The architectural crafting of light is thus subordinated to these functional practices: it should, in particular, create a certain visual comfort, as in any secular edifice. Nevertheless, light is crafted and worked not only for its functional virtues. Artificial light, in particular, in mosques, leads to the definition of a particular space that affirms its sacred character, as opposed to secular space that bathes in a natural, raw light that is uniformly distributed. Light contributes to the transformation of the experience of the space and place itself into a singular religious experience, because it maintains a particular affinity with the sphere of the divine and sacred
Saidani, Michael. "Monitoring and advancing the circular economy transition : Circularity indicators and tools applied to the heavy vehicle industry". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLC071/document.
Implementing circular economy practices is increasingly acknowledged as a convenient solution to meet the goals of sustainable development. Meanwhile, there is at present no recognized way of measuring how effectively a region or a company is in making the transition to a circular economy, nor holistic monitoring tools for supporting such a process. New methods and tools are required to support industrial practitioners in their transition towards more circular practices, as well as to monitor the effects of circular economy adoption. In absence of regulations addressing the end-of-life management of their fleet, the heavy vehicles industry is both a challenging and promising industrial sector – of huge economic and environmental importance, but barely addressed from a research perspective – that needs to be boosted in its move to a more circular economy. An in-depth preliminary study reveals indeed huge potential to develop circular strategies and solutions in the heavy vehicles sector. This research explores the improvement potential for closing industrial material and components loops.On this basis, the objectives of the present Ph.D. thesis are: to provide an integrated and comprehensive framework to measure, improve and monitor the circularity performance of complex industrial systems; to identify the best mechanisms and action levers to close the loop on heavy vehicles and associated key components - providing thus decision-making support for the end-of-life management of heavy vehicles. At the intersection of design engineering and industrial ecology, this Ph.D thesis - by articles - aims to provide new meaningful insights both for academics and industrial practitioners. In fact, for each chapter, academic publications and industrial deliverables are given, illustrating and disseminating both theoretical contributions and practical implications. For instance, it includes: a proposed taxonomy of circularity indicators and its associated selection tool; an experimentation and critical analysis of several circularity indicators on a heavy vehicle’s key component; the design of a multi-tool methodology to model, simulate and quantify the impact of potential circular strategies; an industrial pilot study on an end-of-life heavy vehicle, dealing with the techno-economic and environmental analysis of possible recovery options
Aba, Andong Guy-Edgard. "L’accompagnement éthique du malade en fin de vie". Rennes 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006REN1X002.
Pereira, José. "L'accompagnement spirituel et religieux en fin de vie". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/45027.
Legros, Bérengère. "Les droits des malades en fin de vie /". Bordeaux : les Études hospitalières, 1999. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37084934r.
Saidani, Michael. "Monitoring and advancing the circular economy transition : Circularity indicators and tools applied to the heavy vehicle industry". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLC071.
Implementing circular economy practices is increasingly acknowledged as a convenient solution to meet the goals of sustainable development. Meanwhile, there is at present no recognized way of measuring how effectively a region or a company is in making the transition to a circular economy, nor holistic monitoring tools for supporting such a process. New methods and tools are required to support industrial practitioners in their transition towards more circular practices, as well as to monitor the effects of circular economy adoption. In absence of regulations addressing the end-of-life management of their fleet, the heavy vehicles industry is both a challenging and promising industrial sector – of huge economic and environmental importance, but barely addressed from a research perspective – that needs to be boosted in its move to a more circular economy. An in-depth preliminary study reveals indeed huge potential to develop circular strategies and solutions in the heavy vehicles sector. This research explores the improvement potential for closing industrial material and components loops.On this basis, the objectives of the present Ph.D. thesis are: to provide an integrated and comprehensive framework to measure, improve and monitor the circularity performance of complex industrial systems; to identify the best mechanisms and action levers to close the loop on heavy vehicles and associated key components - providing thus decision-making support for the end-of-life management of heavy vehicles. At the intersection of design engineering and industrial ecology, this Ph.D thesis - by articles - aims to provide new meaningful insights both for academics and industrial practitioners. In fact, for each chapter, academic publications and industrial deliverables are given, illustrating and disseminating both theoretical contributions and practical implications. For instance, it includes: a proposed taxonomy of circularity indicators and its associated selection tool; an experimentation and critical analysis of several circularity indicators on a heavy vehicle’s key component; the design of a multi-tool methodology to model, simulate and quantify the impact of potential circular strategies; an industrial pilot study on an end-of-life heavy vehicle, dealing with the techno-economic and environmental analysis of possible recovery options
Ricot, Jacques. "Les enjeux de l'éthique médicale en fin de vie". Nantes, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012NANT3021.
Pépy, Émilie-Anne. "Espace sacré, espace profane : le territoire de la Grande Chartreuse : fin XVIe siècle – fin XVIIIe siècle". Grenoble 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008GRE29028.
Since it was born in the XIth century, the Grande Chartreuse's main caracteristic consists in its original institution, the "Désert". Isolated by sacred boundaries, this territory ensures the eremitism ideal of a small community, componed of fathers, brothers, and laics servants, and provides its resources. From the end of the XVIth century, the Grande Chartreuse monastery enlarge its community so as to comply with the Council of Trent's purposes. With this policy the pression on the Désert resources increases drastically. At the beginning of the XVIIth century, its leaders decide to diversificate the incomes from the material resources, and the monastery becomes a great landlord all over the mountains of Chartreuse. The metallurgic production of the Grande Chartreuse starts being industrially efficient under the influence of Daliès de La Tour, who promotes Colbert economic policy in the Dauphiné. Forests are being systematically exploited and the mountain is being managed. Both situations lead in an openness to the world while the monastery starts attracting many tourists. Meanwhile there is no secularization, and the Grande Chartreuse territory keeps its sacred dimension, reinforced by the Counter Reformation's efforts to impose a new style of religious belief and practice. During the XVIIIth century, conception of nature is deeply changing and introduces new ways of sacralization. This exemple of the Grande Chartreuse underlines the connections between sacred and profane dimensions during the modern time
Carrier, Nicolas Demotz Bernard. "La vie montagnarde en Faucigny à la fin du Moyen âge : économie et société, fin XIIIe-début XVIe siècle /". Paris ; Budapest ; Torino : l'Harmattan, 2001. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb38800123s.
Hory, Bernard. "De la technomédecine : la fin de vie de l'homme artificiel". Thesis, Paris Est, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PESC2009.
Technic and technology, derived from modern science according to Heidegger, frames the phusis. In a first part, we discover the accuracy of framing in contemporary medical technopraxis: organ and tissue harvesting, creation of bio-banks storing all kinds of tissues, cells and gene sequences. In a second part, guided by the interrelations between medicine and politics conceptualized in biopower by Foucault, we analyze the relationship between powers and technomedicine. Posing the hypothesis of the existence of a plurality of powers exercising on living, rather than that of a single Foucaldian biopower, we describe four individualized bio-technopowers, whose game is organized within the framework of the sanitary democracy in Habermassian public spaces : the governmental biopower, the biopower of the doctors, the economic biopower of the pharmaceutical industry and of the new technologies and finally the biopower of the patients. The works of Jürgen Habermas and Hans Jonas lead us to propose the foundations of a political ethic of technomedicine
Legros, Bérengère. "Les malades en fin de vie au regard du droit". Lille 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LIL20012.
The lengthening passage from life to death gave birth to juridical actors : sick people at the end of their lives or changed dying people. The common law has been rediscovered to their benefit and their freedom has been extended both in the financial field and for the family law. The law has built up again around them, for their legal and extra-medical relationships but to take care of them medically as well, establishing imperfect end of life's cares : palliative cares and refusal of extraordinary or curative treatments. These legal imperfections lead sometimes to their non-application, whichprompts some people to claim for the control of their death : the right to euthanasia
Dinet, Dominique. "Réguliers et vie régionale dans les diocèses d'Auxerre, Langres et Dijon (fin 16e siècle - fin 18e siècle)". Paris 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA010629.
Considerable place of monks and muns (all the orders and congregations) in three dioceses of burgundy and champagne during the modern age (between 1598 and 1790) revealed by complex and multiple relations (legal, economical, social, cultural, religious. . . ) with the people and local authorities
Olivier-D'Avignon, Marianne. "Identification des besoins de la fratrie d'enfants en fin de vie". Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/23726/23726.pdf.
Viaux, Dominique. "La Vie paroissiale à Dijon à la fin du Moyen âge /". Dijon : Ed. universitaires de Dijon, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb34924916q.
Trefcon, Joe͏̈l. "Quelle hydratation pour le sujet âgé institutionnalisé en fin de vie". Montpellier 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993MON11174.
Sainte-Marie, Charlotte Ferrand Édouard. "La fin de vie médicalisée et l'apprentissage de la réflexion éthique des étudiants de fin de deuxième cycle". Créteil : Université de Paris-Val-de-Marne, 2006. http://doxa.scd.univ-paris12.fr:80/theses/th0245339.pdf.
Dieltiens, Baptiste. "Contributions à la gestion des risques en assurance vie". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LYSE1135.
Risk management is a major issue for the piloting of an insurance company. The increasing amount of data, the sophistication of models and the growing computing power now allow actuaries, risk managers and data scientists to refine the knowledge of their policyholder portfolios and the underlying risks. This is the context of this thesis, which aims to contribute to the understanding and modeling of biometric and behavioral risks in life insurance, through three chapters introduced and contextualized in a general introduction. Chapter 1 focuses on free payments on life insurance contracts. We propose a methodology based on machine learning to pilot them efficiently: the model, based on the Gradient Boosting algorithm, relies on variables related to past payments as well as variables related to the product in question and its business plan, and we show that it gives better results than a more classical methodology based on the use of time series. In addition, the analysis of the model via the framework proposed by SHAP (Shapley Additive Explanations) makes it possible to highlight certain stylized facts; finally, the study at a finer scale completes the work and questions the relationship between payments and surrenders or arbitrages. Chapter 2 deals with life insurance transfers, which allow a saver to invest money in a new contract while retaining some of the advantages of the original contract. In particular, we are interested in the Fourgous and PACTE transfers, which we present; we highlight the main common points and major differences of those transfers. We then propose a model of the Fourgous amendment using dynamic logistic regression and analyze, given the initial observations, to what the extent the lessons that can be drawn from it are applicable to the PACTE law. Finally, we broaden the reflection by discussing the legislative framework and its potential impacts in terms of policyholder behavior. Finally, Chapter 3 is devoted to the risk of longevity, and focuses in particular on an extreme assumption, not really considered in actuarial science: transhumanism. This assumption considers a potential gigantic improvement in longevity through the use of science and technology. After discussing the state of the art on longevity and all the related subjects (life expectancy, maximum biological age in particular) and the main hypotheses on its future evolution, thus highlighting the lack of consensus and the complexity of this subject, we analyze the transhumanist assumption in more details and discuss its ins and outs
Santinelli, Emmanuelle. "Veuves et veuvage, de la Flandre au Poitou, de la fin du VIe à la fin du XIe siècle". Lille 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LIL30025.
Carrier, Nicolas. "La vie montagnarde en Faucigny à la fin du Moyen Age : économie et société fin XIIIe - début XVIe siècle". Lyon 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LYO31004.
Michaud-Fréjaville, Françoise. "Économie et vie rurales en Berry à la fin du Moyen Age". Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010695.
There is an opposition in Berry between the dry central chalk plateaus brocken with walleys an a green, humid and in places hilly periphery : the human an economic opposition between the two characteristics largely underlies this research. Towards the end of the middle ages, the population grew scarce in the central area where the early demographic crises brought about very larges "metairies" (farms) dealing both with large-scale sheep rearing and extensive cereal farming. This confirm an impression of great activity and fairy rich diversity of the surrounding "pays", where openfield mixed-farming for food was on a par with cattle an sheep raising. Vine growing went through a very particular phase of development in the xivth century. The two periods of reconstruction 1370-1400 and 1440-1490, separated by the depression of the years 1412-1436 (which may have seen the population reduced to one third), occurred without any significant modification of the charges and pressure exested by thhe lay and ecclesiatical authorities. Franchises in Berry did not facilitate the setting up of really autonomous village communities, but archaic rights ("juillerie", jousts an such like pleasantries)show the strength of tradition. The period none the less knew a very marked decrease of serfdom in the northern royal part and in sancerre area, whereas the low Berry and a nearby zone of the bourbonnais maintained a powerful network of personal bondage up to the modern times. The necessity to increase feudal revenue - especially felt by religious establishments - brought about, as elsewhere, the creation of small-holdings gained over fallow land and previously common grazing land. A reallocation of arable land was carried about by a reduction and accentuation of vineyards and a new role was given over to hemp. This was also the begining of the edge-landscape over a wide peripheral strip of Berry, while the open field developped systematically in the central zone. Such was the begining of the present-day landscape of Berry
Benmamas, Arezki Lotfi. "Valorisation des systèmes d’éclairage à LED en fin de cycle de vie". Thesis, Troyes, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021TROY0044.
While solid-state lighting allows for a significant reduction in electricity consumption, the problem of the end-of-life of the LED-based devices remains. This thesis associated with the RECYLED project consisted in identifying and then developing methods and processes according to the typologies of the devices (lamps, tubes and luminaires) with a view to recovery and reuse of certain elementary components. The objective, through a comprehensive approach, including both technical, economic and environmental aspects, was to achieve a recycling rate of 80%. Three scenarios have been identified for the recycling of LED lamps and tubes, reuse, shredding and disassembly. Studies of waste and marketed products have been carried out in order to characterize the deposit and size the proposed treatment solutions and estimate the overall recovery potential. Regarding the disassembly identified as the blocking point, the technology of pulsed powers based on fragmentation is proposed. With regard to the tubes, purely mechanical solutions have been validated. The proposed methods make it possible to obtain a material recovery rate of 74% for the lamps and 94% for the tubes. These rates are to be linked with the forecasts estimated for 2030 as part of this work, which lead to a maximum annual deposit estimated for LED lamps at 2600 tons and for LED tubes and panels at 1600 tons
Echard, Bénédicte. "Souffrance spirituelle du patient en fin de vie : la question du sens /". Ramonville-Saint-Agne : Érès, 2006. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb401950012.
Lesieur, Olivier. "Fin de vie programmée et don d'organes : enjeux individuels, communautaires et prudentiels". Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCB127/document.
Organ transplantation saves lives of many persons who otherwise would die from end-stage organ disease. In the past decades the need for transplants has grown faster than the number of available organs. This increasing requirement for donated organs has led to a renewed interest in donation after circulatory determination of death (DCDD). In some countries including France, terminally ill patients who die of cardiac arrest after a planned withdrawal of life support may be considered as organ donors (controlled DCDD). Before 2005 French rules were not designed for such practices. With regard to patients in final stage of incurable diseases, the law number 2005-370 of April 22, 2005 authorizes the withholding or withdrawal of treatments when they appear "useless, disproportionate or having no other effect than solely the artificial preservation of life". Advocates of the controlled DCDD argue that the end-of-life care plan should incorporate the patient's wishes concerning organ donation and the public interest of transplantation. Until 2014, most French medical academics regarded the perceived conflict of interest that would arise for clinicians treating potential donors as a major ethical question. As the French program started at the end of 2014 in a few pilot sites, we thus examine the practical, legal and ethical issues that arise in considering controlled DCDD, including determination of the donor's overall benefit, debates relating to the diagnosis and time of death, and factors determining how life-sustaining treatment is to be withdrawn
Jonin, Olivier. "Organisation des soins et de l'accompagnement des malades en fin de vie". Lille 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LIL2M346.
Habibi, Muhammad Khoirul Khakim. "Optimisation d'une chaîne logistique inverse avec la prise en compte des processus de désassemblage". Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSEM005.
This dissertation supports and proposes better management in the implementation of the cir-cular economy by integrating activities of reverse supply chains. The hypothesis states thatintegrating decisions of at least two activities in reverse supply chain leads to better decisionsnotably the collection of End-of-Life products and their disassembly.A deterministic problem, called Collection-Disassembly Problem, integrating both collectionand disassembly processes as well as its formulation are introduced and developed. Due to lackof available instances in the literature, some instances are generated. Another non-integratedformulation is developed and solved using the commercial solver CPLEX. The obtained resultsshow that the integrated model proposes better decisions in terms of total cost. Some ap-proximate methods are developed because the commercial solver CPLEX is unable to provideoptimal solutions under acceptable CPU times notably for large size instances.An extended version of the problem is introduced due to the fact that reverse supply chainsfrequently deal with the uncertainty of certain parameters such as the quality and the quantityof End-of-Life products as well as the demands of components. Also, there is often more thanone vehicle available to collect the products. Thus, this second problem suggested which is calledStochastic Multi-Vehicle Collection-Disassembly Problem and its formulation is developed. Theproblem is formalised as two-stage stochastic programming by assuming that the parametersunder uncertainty follow some known probability distributions and their realisation comes afterthe planning stage. To provide the solutions, two methods combined with an algorithmicframework of Sample Average Approximation are developed.Another problem called Integrated Procurement-Disassembly Problem is also studied. Alongwith the decisions on collection process, this problem emphasises on the decisions of disassemblyline balancing problem
Septans, Anne-lise. "Méthodologie pour l'évaluation de la qualité de vie adaptée à la fin de vie des patients atteints d'un cancer". Thesis, Besançon, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BESA3004/document.
In the last thirty years, health related quality of life has become an unavoidable endpoint in a clinical research context and in a therapeutic individualization context. Quality of life evaluation allows us to consider patient health care perceptions; in respect to physical or symptomatic domains or in respect to psychological, social or environmental domains. In a specific end of life context, where treatment opportunities are limited and adverse events could be extremely disabling, the evaluation of the quality of life is obvious. To distinguish more precisely the methodological subtleties of the evaluation of cancer patient end of life quality of life, it seemed important, firstly, to present the concept of health related quality of life, in order to define the main elements concerning both understanding and use of quality of life assessment (definition, conceptualization, tools, measuring instruments, analysis). Because the end of life is a specific time, we sought to define secondly, the time frame of this period, and therefore defined more precisely patient characteristics. It was essential to take into account the specificity of these patients to best evaluate their quality of life.Research related articles are presented in a second part of this work and discussed there afterThis work underlines the necessity to develop measuring instruments to permit quality of life evaluation in a context of end of life with respecting both patient needs and methodological requirements
Arrondel, Luc. "Hypothèse du cycle de vie et composition du patrimoine". Paris 10, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA100166.
This thesis presents a general model of portfolio choices which is tested on the french CREP 1980 survey with 3. 000 households. The model extends the framework of modigliani's life cycle hypothesis to wealth composition with the help of existing partial theories (generalised form of the life cycle hypothesis allowing for bequest, merton's intertemporal portfolio choice model, model of acquisition of durable goods and housing). If finally assumes that household accumulation behaviour can be described by a three stage sequential procedure : (1) consumption-saving decision; (2) discrete choice of the combination of assets held; (3) continuous choice of conditional assets demands, given the combination held. Empirical econometric and statistical analysis deals both with the number of assets held, as an indicator of wealth diversification, and with portfolio composition. It shows the importance of the size of wealth and of age on assets demands and reveals the key role played by the discrete choice, results wich seem to vindicate the hypothesis of a three stage budgeting. From the explanatory variables of each asset ownership and conditional demand it is also possible to elaborate a typology of the 14 assets distinguished by the survey
Almokdad, Mohammad. "Life Cycle Assessment of Circular Economy Strategies in Sustainable Constructions : Closing, Slowing, and Narrowing Loops for Dredged Sediments Valorization and Revalorization". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Lille Douai, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023MTLD0007.
Addressing the pressing need for sustainability in light of modernization's significant impact on the environment is crucial. This issue underscores the escalating threats posed by human actions, such as climate change and pollution. In response, nations are increasingly emphasizing sustainability by placing a priority on waste reduction and the adoption of eco-friendly materials in construction and production processes. In light of these efforts, this thesis aims to explore the revalorization (2nd valorization) of dredged sediments as a road construction material, studying its technical suitability and environmental impact through Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). It also examines using sediments as supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) and compares their environmental performance to traditional materials. The study evaluates the feasibility of revalorizing dredged sediments, emphasizing a closed-loop approach for their circular use. It assesses various physical, mechanical and chemical properties of the material revalorization comparing it to raw sediments 1st valorization, and conduct a LCA and comparing sediments revalorization with different virgin aggregates types for the usage in new road construction. Additionally, the study conducts a comprehensive LCA comparing dried ground sediments (DGS) to flash-calcined sediments (FCS) as substitutes for ordinary Portland cement, considering the different quantitative and qualitative performance differences
Provencher, Geneviève. "La contribution particulière du psychologue en soins palliatifs et de fin de vie". Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/6472.
Stein, Elisabeth Jane Léa. "La Réconciliation en fin de vie : les nouveaux modes d'expression en milieu hospitalier". Strasbourg, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009STRA1036.
Starting from real experiences as a nurse in a hospital with patients having a serious and even lethal pathologies we are going to show the permanence of a sense search and a wish for reconciliation. This wish for reconciliation is acute during this time of life and appears in three ways : the reconciliation with oneself, the reconciliation with the others, and sometimes with Somebody Else. The experiments analysed thanks to reading grids highlight new factors. .
Aouara, Marie-Pierre. "La présence silencieuse auprès d'un patient en fin de vie, un soin spirituel". Thesis, Paris Est, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PEST0045.
Summary not transmitted. The practice of the spiritual assistance(audience) in a hospital environment consists, according to the legislative texts, in answering the spiritual needs for the patient. But the wait(expectation) which feels(experiences) a patient at the end of life can be reduced neither to a pure need, nor to a pure desire. From an anthropological, philosophic work and from an analysis of the dialogues of support(accompaniment), the notions of hospitality, silence, care, desire and awakening light(enlighten) this search(research). The silent presence answers first of all a call(appeal) expressed by the patient. This hospitality is a space open to a mutual gratitude(recognition) of the present vulnerability in the otherness. The spiritual care involves(puts at stake) the courage of an internal work. He(it) represents a help capable of making tip over the suffering in clarity(brightness) at the end of life; it is an invitation in the rest, in the confidence(trust). Only the silence can inform the patient, the nature of this breath which lives in him(it) and transcends him(it). In its welcome(reception) of the powerlessness(impotence), the silent presence, as spiritual care, reveals the capacity of awakening of the life of the patient until the last breath as a gift(donation). [Translation made by the web site Reverso]
Launay, Pauline. "La fabrique de la fin de vie : ethnographie d'une Unité de Soins Palliatifs". Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMC028.
Hospital end of life care becomes an object of concern since the 1970’s, in the context of major transformations of the medical field. Institutionalised in 1986, palliative medicine intends to address this concern, by developing care that offers a holistic approach, taking into account different aspects of the suffering (physical, social, psychological and spiritual) of end of life patients and their relatives. Such a global approach to care modifies work organization. It places the temporality of the pathological phenomena over their spatiality, thus questioning medical epistemology as a whole. This research focuses on Palliative Care Units, exclusively dedicated to patients whose curative treatments have been stopped. It is based on a qualitative inquiry within one of these Units. First aimed at making the professionals’ voices heard, it conveys their wish to reverse the stigma attached to their activity. This ethnographic work focuses in particular on the analysis of the spatial and material dimension of social relations. Palliative care units are conceived to fight the “taboo of death”. Thus, they announce the upcoming death as they materialise the progression of time through the organisation of space. This materialisation occurs also through the bodies, as the patient’s body becomes the location upon which relationships and identities are structured. Studying the function of Palliative Care Units thus allows to question contemporary rituality. Because of its liminal position, the corpse crystallises ambivalent desires of control and disengagement. The work of paramedical caregivers, from the agony to the post mortem exhibition, is in that aspect especially revealing. Through the analysis of caregivers’ practices, this work shows an anthropological resistance, despite the major sociological changes surrounding end of life such as the transformations of the institutional logics and of the division of labour
Dallaporta, Bruno. "Chronicité et fin de vie en hémodialyse : tension éthique entre exactitude et vérité". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS469.
From hemodialysis, we will study certain problems more generally related to chronic disease but also to the end of life bring out the tension between three dualities: the accuracy and the truth, déontological and teleological ethics, and the logics of equivalence and superabundance. In chronic illness, we will be interested in cases where there is a contradiction between the medical duty of the physician and the will of the sick person. We will show that these refusals of care in dialysis are underpinned by a tension between the technical accuracy of the proposed treatments and the ethical and existential truth of the person. In the end of life, we will ask ourselves the question of when unreasonable obstinacy begins, how to define its limit, and how to limit or stop dialysis while being sure not to perform a homicide? We will also show that norms, standards, indicators and protocols proliferate to participate in a standardization of increasingly hegemonic practices, where several drivers are at work, such as neoliberal rationality and risk management. This leads to a disenchantment of caregivers. One observation emerges: the accuracy, the technique, the déontological ethics folded in the form of protocols and the logic of equivalence become invasive. Conversely, the truth of the subject, ethics, the responsibility of the other vulnerable, the gift of hospitality tend to be precarious. The response to this drift could be the rehabilitation of the singularity of the subject and the creation of a metaphor between technical accuracy and ethical truth. Finally, we will show how, when there is a dilemma linked to a tension between technique and ethics, the setting up of an ethics meeting allowed us to provide the most humane answer possible and to foster the development of a team culture
Benad, Aurore. "« Pour le salut des âmes du peuple de ladite ville » : municipalité et vie religieuse à Nancy, fin XVIe siècle-fin XVIIIe siècle". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORR0196.
Studies about Nancy, capital of duchy of Lorraine, often focus on politic view and the city was shown like a materialization of the dukes’ wills. This work wants to show how Nancy gains its own identity during 17th and 18th centuries. Catholicism helps to build this urban identity. The Town Council becomes an actor of the religious life, slowly first, then quickly when during the Thirty Years’ War and the reign of Louis XIV, this administration is alone in front of representants of kings of France
Billy, Fabien. "Vieillissement et propriétés résiduelles de matériaux issus du démantèlement d'avions en fin de vie". Phd thesis, ISAE-ENSMA Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et d'Aérotechique - Poitiers, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00824151.
Dinh, Dong Sach. "Cai yan : une poetesse de la fin des han. sa vie et son oeuvre". Paris 7, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA070133.
Lançon, Bertrand. "Maladies, malades et thérapeutes en Gaule à la fin de l'Antiquité : IIIe-VIe siècles". Paris 4, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA040126.
The first purpose of the present work, which is especially based on literary souves, is the evaluation of health and sickness in gaul during the late antiquity four centuries. Six hundred individual occurances are studied, completed by paleopathological discoveries. In a second part are examined the many ways to recovery : physicians, pagan sanctuaries, healers and saints. We can observe a mutation in a period for which the notion of decline medicine has to be reexamined. At last, the third part presents the different ways in which christians did perceive sickness and recovery. Penitence and redemption are there widely predominant. Further are presented a translation of legal texts about medicine, a prosopography of sixty known physicians of gaul, and a detailed chronology
Lebois, Michelle. "La vie rurale en Bretagne à la fin du moyen age : 1365 - 1525-30". Rennes 2, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986REN20021.
The period we study is a hard one in France. Our object was to know what was the situation in Brittany concerning the following items : population, relation between men and land, productions, society. Demographic crises do not spare brittany. The most severe one took place before 1420, mainly in the parts near the frontiers or the coasts. The decline goes on until 1460 in some parts. Elsewhere things are getting better without compensating the foregoing losses. This situation, though less severe, is similar to that of the neighbouring countries but has not the same consequences, on the condition of country people. Brittany does not know any spectacular transformation though the vestiges of serfhood disappear and tenures more favorable to peasantry develop together with a partial transformation of duties. The lord's power on the land is still strong being favored by rare confiscations of goods. Agricultural productions consist mainly in the culture of cereals. The low level of crops only allow people to subsist. Neither cattle-breeding nor winegrowing is a large scale activity. The condition of country people sometimes got worse in the 15 th century with the heavy taxes raised by the dukes. The differences of fortune increase. The situation of the country people who only own a few acres of land is slowly getting worse. Many of them run into debts and lose their goods. Others take advantage of this to increase their property. The lord's incomes also change ; those of the "marches" suffer most severely. There is some similarity between brittany and other provinces but the main difference lies in the lower intensity of the crises. The difficulties are different with the parts of the dukedom. Lower brittany has a prosperous economy while higher brittany is more severely touched