Tesi sul tema "Gestion d'entreprise – Prise de décision – Psychologie"
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Paquin, Pauline. "Les effets de la surconfiance des dirigeants sur les décisions managériales : le cas des dirigeants français du SBF 120". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019STRAB015.
This dissertation focuses on CEO’s overconfidence and analyze its effects on accounting and financial decisions. After having defined the outlines of this bias, we conduct a literature review on the CEO’s overconfidence and its effects for firms. Research offers mixed conclusions about these effects. To test the impacts of this bias, we set up an original database and analyze the behaviour of CEO’s of SBF-120 over the 2006-2016 period. We show that CEOs’ overconfidence affects the investment cash-flow sensitivity as well as earnings management. An original contribution of this research is to show that effective governance mechanisms can mitigate the effects of the bias or, on the contrary, encourage them, according to the motives of the controlling shareholder. We also show the fact that the CEO’s belonging to the controlling family modifies the expression of one’s bias
El, Assad Meryem. "Trois études autour des annonces groupées". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024ULILD001.
The purpose of this thesis is to study the context in which US firms carry out bundled announcements of earnings and the psychological springs on which they rely. The first chapter explores alternative hypothesis about why managers bundled earnings announcements based on behavioral finance theories. Specially, we use ideas deriving from the prospect theory and mental accounting, and relates them to disclosures strategies. Our results indicate that managers tend to bundle news of conflicting signs to offset the negative effect of the bad news and reduce the market penalization. After investigating the hypothesis of behavioral finance theories, we conduct an event study to examine whether firms strategically release bundled earnings announcements to exploit investors’ inattention. We find similar return reactions to bundled and non-bundled earnings announcements. The second chapter is based on the relation between the bundling strategy and the behavioral thresholds. Specially, we argue that managers tend to strategically bundle the earnings announcements with other disclosures to avoid the disappointing consequences of missing the earnings thresholds. Our results indicate that firms with earnings that just exceed the analysts’ expectations are more likely to bundle earnings announcements. In contrast, firms with the highest and lowest earnings surprises bundle less their earnings announcements. The third essay examines the relationship of the CEO characteristics and the bundling strategy of earnings announcements. We argue that the CEO is engaged in decision making of bundled announcements. Specifically, we examine the CEO’s overconfidence, age, gender, tenure, and duality in explaining the strategic decision of releasing concurrent information with earnings announcements. We find that CEO overconfidence is associated with the decision of bundling earnings news. Moreover, the probability of bundling earnings news increases, in general, if the firm issued a bundled news in the last year. The bundling is also positively associated with the average of bundled news in the same industry
Drucker-Godard, Carole. "La gestion au quotidien des priorités du dirigeant : une analyse de la dynamique du portefeuille de préoccupations décisionnelles". Paris 9, 2000. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2000PA090051.
Tavares, Afonso Várzea. "L'incidence du risque dans la prise de décision : Le cas de la gestion des entreprises". Paris 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA010040.
Dammak, Ahmed. "L'intuition et son rôle dans les processus décisionnels : une conceptualisation issue des représentations des dirigeants". Rouen, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ROUED001.
This thesis explores the conceptions that the managers have about the intuition and its role in the decision-making processes. The framework followed to argue this thesis led us, in a first part , to justify our theoretical positioning and to develop our objectives of research. This first stage directed us towards the study of various theoretical approaches of the intuition and of the place which the researchers in management have grant to it in the decision-making processes. We explored the various models of stategic decision making and we tried to examine them through the prism of the relation intuition - decision. The empirical checking of these research is developed in the second part of the thesis. We carried, for that, interviews with fifty leader of tour operators of the tourist sector. We tried to release from these talks the ideas that the managers have about the intuition, about its role in the decision making, and about the factors which may influence the extent of this role
Senicourt, Patrick. "Contribution constructiviste à la conceptualisation, la modélisation et l'opérationnalisation de l'aide à la démarche entrepreneuriale et à la prise de décision stratégique". Paris 9, 1997. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1997PA090019.
This works based thesis describes the itinerary of a professor-searcher-practitioner who has been involved since as soon as 1970 in two main fields : elaboration and support of strategic decision making in business start-up, development and reengineering on the one hand, and information systems on the other hand. A first part presents an epistemological reflection setting a parallel between : - the opposition positivism / constructivism on the one hand, - and two classes of cognitive interfaces of the firm : "describers" a paradigm of which consists of the accounting model, and "constructors" based upon interactive modellings enabling the entrepreneur-knowing-subject to simultaneously better perceiving, understanding, surrounding and transforming his firm-object, together with learning management, strategy and finance concepts. A second part presents various contributions covering : - research and development works on institutional environments and operational schemes for supporting entrepreneurs in its most general meaning (business starters, intrapreneurs, SME or profit center managers. . . ); - research and works on computer based modelling of new business financial strategy, difficulty and failure forecast, as well as on educational business simulations and computer based instruction; - conception and development of a software designed as a business "descriptor-constructor" (spreadsheet model, expert system, computer based trainer), representing an operationalization of the concepts discussed in the thesis. Keywords (alphabetic order) : budget forecast, business constructor, business describer, business diagnosis, business failure, business plan, business start-up, cognition, cognitive interface, computer based training, constructivism, entrepreneurship, epistemology, expert system, financial analysis, intrapreneurship, modelling, positivism, simulation, strategy, systemic analysis
Khouider, Smaïl. "Outils d'aide à la décision pour la prise de commandes imprévues". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Metz, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008METZ039S.
The modern business universe is characterized by globalization of trade and diversification of players who comprise it. To survive in this environment, the company must lean to a set of solid business partners and thus be a strong outer structure that allow not only to survive in its environment but also to ensure sustainable development. In this context, the difficulty of decision-making is i the fact the company does not control all features (internal and external). This implies the need to find ways of coordinating able to mitigate the effects "harmful", ie inconsistencies resulting from the decisin-making. This thesis addresses the problem of decision-making to meet unforeseen orders. It is important because the satisfaction of orders is the is the essence of any enterprise business. In this context, the decision is opertional because the deadline to respond to a command is short. In addition, we voluntarily put in the position for which application are not prepared to forecast previously. Finally, companies that make up the network are considered autonomous in their decisions and their information systems. It is then a distributed architecture. The objective of this work is to develop processes and tools to support the decision to allow the satisfaction of an unexpected in the distribution chain
Sanchez, Trejo Victor. "Construction d'un processus de prise de décision stratégique dans la PME pour améliorer sa performance globale : recherche-intervention dans une entreprise mexicaine". Lyon 3, 2006. https://scd-resnum.univ-lyon3.fr/out/theses/2006_out_sanchez_v.pdf.
SME generally encounters difficulties to develop its durable total performance (economic, organisational and social). Two principal reasons for this incapacity structure our research problematic: on the one hand, the time granted by the owner-leader of the SME to operational activity to the detriment of the activities of stronger added value; and in addition, a lack of thorough strategic thinking in the creation of potential, this second reason being a consequence of the first. A response to our two problems can be built starting from the concept of internal potential of the company as a strategic lever. From the analysis of the resource-based view of the firm and socio-economic approach we begin again, on our account, of the essential concepts to structure our theoretical step. Our theoretical proposal is a model of strategic decision-making in SME. It integrates two research variables: the coordination of the actors and strategic planning. It requires a permanent interaction to build a strategic decision-making process in SME. Our assumption of research consists in implying the framing of proximity in the decision-making of the company in order to build a collective action and participative decisions. For the research data collection, we apply a methodology of intervention-research in Mexican small business, which ensures a thorough observation of the practices of management and the cognitive interaction between the researcher and the actors of the organization. This method of research is accompanied by a socio-economic approach of intervention, whose objective is to generate a major change in the structures and the behaviours of the company
Khouider, Smaïl. "Outils d'aide à la décision pour la prise de commandes imprévues". Phd thesis, Université de Metz, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00606849.
Beverini-Beau, Carole. "Décision comptable et jeux d'acteurs". Toulon, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOUL2001.
The objective of our work is to study chief acountant officer role in accounting decision making process and wide ranging space of his discretionary, that is, the space where he can choose between several options, but in a dependency context. In a first part, we highlighted his lack of stuides related to the decision. We also tried to explain this paradox, using delegation and principal-agent theories. Their deficiencies are proved. In a second part, we described his role accounting decision making process. We defined what an accounting decision is, then built an accounting decision making process model. This processual approach leads us to the convention therory. We prposed a model who has been checked with qualitative methods, but also quantitative tools, a sruvey of chief accountant officers point of view. Our results show that a discretionary space really exists, and that chief accountant officer is a main actor in financial transparency, and it appears that convention of representation of job is changing, espacially form the experience of the actor mentioned earlier
Ivanaj, Vera. "Le processus de prise de décision stratégique : description et explication intégratives : l'exemple des Chambres de Commerce et d'Industrie du Grand Est de la France". Nancy 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001NAN22005.
Concerned with strategic decision-making processes, the thesis is an empirical study which integrates description and explanation of the processes involved and their results. Following a conceptual and theoretical justification which seeks to throw light on the major concepts and theories inherent in the phenomenon under investigation, the thesis provides a synthesis of the empirical work undertaken on strategic decision-making processes over the last fifty years, with a view to perceiving the underlying problems and their investigation as a response to a real need for advancement of knowledge in the field. Subsequently, the thesis stresses the subject in terms of the appropriate questions to be asked and the appropriate methodologies to be adopted. Data was collected via interviews and questionnaires from 86 cases of strategic decision-making in 12 Chambers of Commerce and Industry in the north-east region of France. The analysis of distinct types : (1) the "internal-rational" process, (2) the "local-political" process, (3) the "national-political" process, (4) the "fluid" process, and (5) the "decentralised" process. Each of these types has its own environmental, organisational and decision-specific context which generates its own results. For actors in the strategic decision-making process, the research suggests that no single decision-making process can be perceived as universally applicable. On the contrary each of the process types identified in the typology can be utilised depending on a number of specific circumstances
Querelle, Léonard. "La compréhension du processus de décision de l’entreprise comme socle de l’intervention ergonomique : le cas de la conception d’une usine agroalimentaire". Bordeaux 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BOR21512.
This research is based on observation of consulting ergonomists work during five years which let us propound four theses. To achieve its aim of transformation, the ergonomist needs to understand the decision-making processes of company in order to organise its action and identify actor’s resources. The decision-making processes of the company are not gathered in consultable information. The ergonomist understands the decision-making processes of company by acting. The observation and the analysis of organisation reactions make it possible ergonomist to build and refine its comprehension. The decision-making processes of company are a combination of distributed processes and individual processes. These processes last in time and ergonomist discover them and compose with them until the end of the intervention. They are also random and opportunist. Ergonomist is in the incapacity of understand all dimensions of the decision-making processes of company. On the other hand, the tools of which it lays out make it possible him to reach the various layers of these decision-making processes. This representation of decision-making processes move away ergonomist from a practice where it would be enough to him to influence the rational decisions of techniques isolated “decision maker”. The ergonomist develops techniques compared to the properties of these processes, while trying to be present at the good place at the good time
Fotso, Gilbert. "Informatique et prise de décision dans les entreprises agroalimentaires françaises et camerounaises : analyse comparative et perspectives d'évolution". Toulouse 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986TOU10032.
Our research aims at studying the contribution of data-processing to decision taking in the undertakings of the cameroons. The aim of this study is to determine the problems encountered by managers when they use data-processing as an implement of the decision assistance in order to propose solutions that enable them to use it more efficiently. We have been induced to carry out an inquiry in the undertakings of the main sector of the economy of the cameroons, which is the agro-alimentary sector. An inquiry has also been executed in french agro-alimentary undertakings in order to know what existed in an advanced country. Eventually we propose data-processing implements permitting: -modelization of management systems -creation of a databases -setting of a management expert system. Some examples of these implements are evolved in our thesis, particularly in supply control, financial administration and marketing
Béal, Luc. "Contribution des systèmes d'information et de communication (S. I. C. ) à la performance de la gestion du risque de crédit". Paris, ENST, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997ENST0035.
Ivarnez, Janicot Corinne. "L'aide au processus de diagnostic de gestion : une étude expérimentale". Montpellier 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995MON20222.
Miry, Saïd. "Contribution à la modélisation globale d'entreprise : décisions et performances dans les systèmes de production". Lyon, INSA, 1993. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/85/04/35/PDF/1993_Miry_Said.pdf.
Une entreprise industrielle n'est compétitive que si elle offre des produits satisfaisant à diverses exigences qualitatives (qualité, délai de livraison, variété, etc. ) et en même temps à des exigences de coûts. Les travaux présentés dans ce mémoire s'intéressent simultanément à l'aspect production et à l'aspect financier d'une entreprise. Ce travail a deux objectifs principaux. Premièrement, la réalisation d'un modèle de simulation d'entreprises industrielles, SIM'l, dans lequel on modélise un système de production et son environnement. Cette maquette permet de construire une démarche pédagogique liée aux problèmes de l'intégration productique. Le principal apport de la maquette est de montrer l'intérêt d'une gestion conjointe des différentes fonctions d'une entreprise industrielle à savoir les approvisionnements, la comptabilité, le marketing et la production. La simulation détaillée de la production permet de montrer les conséquences des décisions et des aléas de la production sur les Résultats économiques de l'entreprise. Deuxièmement, la hiérarchisation des décisions et l'étude des performances d'une entreprise industrielle. L'application de méthodes d'analyse de données nous a permis de déterminer les niveaux de décision et de dégager les indicateurs les plus représentatifs caractérisant les performances du système à chaque niveau de décision. Les résultats obtenus montrent qu'une étude globale d'une entreprise industrielle (modélisation, simulation et évaluation des performances) dans laquelle sont pris en compte des indicateurs économiques peut être menée et peut aider à une bonne gestion à moyen et court terme
Because of their complexity, production systems are usually decomposed according to different hierarchical decision levels. To improve the management of such systems, we focus on the relation between their global profitability measured by economic indicators (cash flow, cost, statement of account,. . . )and their productivity measured by physical indicators (make span, quantities of manufactured products,. . ) in this aim, we have built, in a first step, an industrial enterprise model : SIM'I. This prototype, used actually as a pedagogical tool, shows the usefulness of a simultaneous management of the different functions of an entreprise such as marketing, accounting, purchasing and production. In a second step, we have tested, by simulation, different scenarios of management decisions applied on a production system. These decision concerns planning and scheduling. An approach, using technics of data analysis, has allowed us to determine the hierarchical decisions levels, to show dependent or independent relations between indicators at the same levels, to show dependent or independent relations between economic indicators and physical ones and highlight relations of causality between tested strategies and observed performances
Huynh, Thi Ngoc Vân. "L’externalisation de la fonction comptable : une analyse processuelle de la décision et de la gestion". Thesis, Lille 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LIL12012/document.
To understand why and how the company outsources its accounting activities is the object of our research. This issue will be discussed in two parts: - Part I: The decision of outsourcing the accounting function (why); - Part II: Management of outsourcing the accounting function (how). In the first part, we propose a framework for analyzing the decision of outsourcing. This framework is based on the complementarity of the three theories of organization such as the theory of transaction costs, the resource-based view and the neo-institutional theory. We explain the factors that lead a company to outsource their accounting function: strategy for reducing costs, refocusing on the core of business and the search for legitimacy. We provide the criteria for selecting outsourceable activities: strategic importance, cost, quality and compatibility. We note the impact of the phase before the decision (the prior knowledge, culture), the role of hierarchy and the desire of the leader. In the second part, we propose a framework for management the post decision-making process. This framework is based on the dominant theories of inter organizational relationship: the transactional approach, the relational exchange approach and the dependence approach. We believe that the key to a successful outsourcing of the accounting function depends on the balancing management of different interfaces, the development of trust, the learning and the strategy of interdependence. The aim is to build analytical frameworks helping the company make the decision on the organization's accounting function and manage its outsourcing. We use process approach and case studies to observe and analyze all the processes of outsourcing the accounting function (decision making, implementation, monitoring and end of contract)
Terrien, Mickaël. "Orchestration des ressources et efficience des entreprises de spectacle sportif". Caen, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016CAEN0504.
This work aims at reaching the meta level of strategy by reconciling the division between content and process analysis. To achieve it, the theoretical framework of resource orchestration is applied to a transparent industry, French football clubs. The performance of those organizations, which is multidimensional and idiosyncratic, is assessed thanks to the method of data envelopment analysis. Moreover, pure managerial efficiency scores are decomposed into three organizational process (structuring the resource portfolio, bundling resources and leveraging capabilities) in order to look inside the black box and to better locate the origins of the differentials of performance. The results indicate, among other things, the existence of a competitive advantage based on the labor market imperfections. It lies on the three micro-foundations of such advantage (attracting, retaining and motivating employees at lower wage than its competitors). Then, this content analysis allows to deal with three strategic issues faced by French football clubs: the definition of their organizational aim according to the opportunities and threats in the environment; the determinants of managerial succession; their resilience capacity after a period of turbulence. The pursuit of the meta level of strategy allows to highlight that competing theories dealing with each strategic problems could coexist
Baâbaâ, Jihène. "Modèle dynamique d'équilibre général (MDEG) caractérisé par une gestion déléguée et par des rigidités nominales". Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24884/24884.pdf.
Garnier, Alice. "L'influence des expériences de croissance du dirigeant sur son processus de décision : vers une approche endogène de la direction d'entreprise". Thesis, Lyon 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO22023.
As demonstrated by Hambrick and Mason (1984) in their Upper Echelons Theory, decisions, strategies and actions of the manager based on their experience and their personality have an impact on the performances of their business and hence on the growth of the latter.The theory of the higher levels (Hambrick and Mason, 1984) demonstrates that leaders act according to i) their interpretations of the strategic situation they are exposed to ; ii) experience and personality, as interpretations are based on those. The leaders therefore interpret the stimuli and take action through filters that are their cognitive patterns. Therefore, their personality, values and experience would be the base of their decisions and would condition the performances of their business.Hambrick and Mason (1984), however, report that the relationship "experience of the manager-company growth" can be reversed: the growth of the company itself can influence the characteristics of the management team or officer.Mintzberg et al. (1999, p.160) also say about the leaders : « experience build their knowledge, which in turn build their future experiences. » Our research is in strategic management and aims to inform debates over decision making of managers. It is enrolled in the course of cognitive science and specifically addresses issues inherent in the managerial cognition. In order to meet our research objectives, a survey was conducted among managers in France. In this investigation, the influence of the growth experiments on decisions is apprehended through cognitive mapping method. Our data are based on 25 leaders, representing 41 experiments, a manager can count several experiments. The collection of data necessary for establishing cognitive maps was achieved through written submissions to answer the research question posed by the managers participating in inter-company training offer.We choose to use in our research an abductive approach articulating theoretical and empirical approaches. We wanted, at first, in a deductive approach based on a logical rebuttal, to compare proposals from the literature review and initial conceptual model to data collected from the leaders through the construction of their cognitive map. Then, in a second step, the analysis of cognitive maps have revealed other ignored by the proposals from the literature items, to define new proposals which usefully complement our model. We obtained an effects analysis model of the growth experience of the process of decision making. The results of this thesis suggest that the growth experience, whether positive or negative, causes learning in decision making or "decision-learning", which establishes a new dynamic capacity management in the development of the company. Our results suggest that learning through experience growth gives the leader a clearer perception of his leadership role in growth situations; it is necessary for the leader to provide reflection phases without falling into the trap often required immediate action by the growth environment. The leader must also agree to review its management style and strategic vision. The growth experience gives the leader a more refined judgment allowing it to seize new opportunities, including through greater cognitive complexity that also allows him to analyze ambiguous or uncertain situations. Finally, our research suggests that the growth experience gives the leader a reasoned judgment that allows them to better integrate the views of employees and the effects of the positive experience, not just those from failures or deemed negative experiences
Bennour, Meziane. "Contribution à la modélisation et à l'affectation des ressources humaines dans les processus". Montpellier 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MON20192.
Jahani, Mahmoud. "Processus de décision dans les entreprises industrielles iraniennes". Grenoble 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992GRE21024.
Revolution in iran changed the structure of economy, a free-market based industry has been changed to a government controlled industry with special problems in production and management. Utilization of scientifique decision making methods by managers abandoned mostly due to lack of experience and knowledge. Utilization of computerized systems that had a wide acceptance and rapid development during the years before the revolution, stopped due the absence of trained technicians and unenthusiastic behavior of newly government appointed managers. Although recent changes in policies and tendancy toward acquisition of technology had some positive and negative impacts on economy, still is too soon to be able to make a fair asessment of these impacts. Our study that is based on data collected from 80 managers in 23 manufacturing company shows that education and information has a great impact on the quality of decisions made by managers. The managers in this study believe that information, utilization of computerized systems and administrtive procedures simplify the process of decision making. They also believe tha tdelivery of authority to lower level is necessary
Magakian, Jean-Louis. "Une perspective constructionniste des conversations stratégiques dans le processus d'idéation du dirigeant". Lyon 3, 2009. https://scd-resnum.univ-lyon3.fr/out/theses/2009_out_magakian_j-l.pdf.
The purpose of our thesis is to explore how a manager orients his mind within the context of strategy-making. Several works demonstrate that strategy as practice cannot be limited to identifying, justifying and finalizing a plan. Planning consists in constructing in constructing mediation tools in order to engineer a dynamic interplay between stakeholders. This work focuses on the way strategic ideas are shaped. Ideation has to be inscribed in the field of strategy as practice and micro-actions it requires have to be identifying. How does the ideation process manifest itself within the framework of strategy making? How is this mind-activity oriented and cognitively oriented? How does a manager sustain his strategic-thinking through mental-action? Here, ideation is grounded in organized practice. In order to explore these issues without resorting to psychological concepts, we have adopted externalistic and materialistic theoretical framework of ideation. This implies a unity of mind and language at the heart of social-constructionist epistemology and cognitive conception of language supported by several authors as Vygotski, Leontiev, Bakhtine and also Wittgenstein. Today these authors are widely quoted in the context of management research, notably to understand the relationship between conversations and the organizing. This exploratory research illustrated with three years study of one manager's ideation process
Baillette, Paméla. "L'importance des activités relationnelles pour l'aide à la décision : le cas de l'adhésion du propriétaire-dirigeant de PME à une association de dirigeants". Montpellier 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000MON20001.
Del, Corso Jean-Pierre. "Education à l'ordre institutionnel et types de discours en économie et gestion : comment l'enseignant prépare-t-il des conseillers en agriculture aux situations d'incertitude ?" Toulouse 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008TOU20082.
Dealing with uncertainties leads economists to consider the role played by culture in decisionmaking. It is on this account that the concept of institutions is newly revisited in economics. As they provide jointly regulative, normative and cognitive functions, institutions are viewed as major components of society's artefactual structure. The recent findings in cultural psychology and cultural sociology contribute in clarifying the interdependence links between culture and institutions. Culture is presented as the result of a dialectical confrontation between the standards conveyed by institutions and the possible produced by human imagination. Discourses are analyzed as devices allowing humans to articulate imagination activity and institutional activity unfolded in a society. The analysis gives thus the concept of institution an enriched meaning. This new concept is consequently implemented in order to analyze the learning process in economic lectures on rural development devoted to train future agricultural advisers. Based on an enlarged typology of discourses the analysis demonstrates how the combination of various types of discourses makes institutions and institutional change intelligible to students of economics and management while permitting teachers to provide rules, norms and cognitive categories as tools available for action
Ricard, Antonin. "Etude des facteurs endogènes de la décision : une application à la décision d'internationaliser des responsables de PME". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM1027.
This research aims at studying the factors that influence people in charge of SME in their decisions to internationalize an activity. Starting from the literature about the decision in the management field, the authors highlight the seminal influence, though hardly studied, of one determinant of the decision: the Social Representations. In an international environment, the authors assume that Social Representations of globalization and internationalization influence on decision making. Thus, the authors introduce a model composed of the decision to internationalize endogenous determinants: international decision features (Social Representations and attitude towards globalization and internationalization) and classical decision features (tolerance to ambiguity, intuitivity, and proactivity). In order to validate this model, the authors adapt an original method to capture the respondents' decision behavior: The Scenario Method. It leads to design, test and validate a tool which measures decisions and respondents' profiles. The field is composed of 33 participants for the qualitative studies, and 149 top managers of French SME for the quantitative study. The results suggest that in an international context, decisions are both based on international and classical features. The authors show that international decisional features better explain decisions than classical decisions features. Furthermore, Social Representations contribute to better understand the origin of individual's position towards globalization and internationalization: for instance, respondents who are unfavorable to globalization perceive it as a source of threat and competition
Antolin, Patricia. "Le développement des compétences à la coopération dans la formation à la prise de décision distribuée hiérarchisée : le cas de la formation continue à la gestion opérationnelle des officiers supérieurs sapeurs pompiers". Paris 8, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA082694.
The research consisted to identify collective activity indicators of efficiency. Context of the study is the training for the development of hierarchised distributed decision making competencies of superiors officers fire-fighters. Results of tutorial activity analyses associated to those issued from systematic analyse of a scenario of simulation constitued the”ontology” of a support instructor tool. Collective activities have been studied on basis of communications exchanged between officers playing a team in a CP and the operational responsible engaged in a risky situation management. Analyses have been conducted in the frame of two critical episods including shared activities of mental representations knowed in the domain as efficiency criteria of cooperation. The first one is an “ ascending power” including a relief of commandement, the second, a “problem solving” situation. Fines analyses of collective activity made raised specific elements of quality of collective dimension of hierarchised distributed decision making competencies
Bérard, Céline. "LE PROCESSUS DE DÉCISION DANS LES SYSTÈMES COMPLEXES : UNE ANALYSE D'UNE INTERVENTION SYSTÉMIQUE". Phd thesis, Université Paris Dauphine - Paris IX, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00519068.
Keradec, Hervé. "Epistémologie et didactique de la gestion : Le cas du concept de décision". Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012CNAM0836/document.
This research stems from two questions: 1) What is the impact on scientific knowledge in management when it leaves the theoretical field of study to become an object of teaching? 2) Regarding the concepts taught in management how is it possible to preserve the initial strength they had when they were first introduced in the scientific field? The general issue of the articulation between epistemology and didactics in management leads to implement an original methodology for analysing a management concept in five steps: analyse the concept through a common sense approach and representations, study its scientific meaning from the treatises and works of great authors, identify the treatment of the concept in the national curriculum, study school textbooks, investigate the epistemological obstacles which hinder pupils from constructing the concept. This methodology applies here to the concept of decision, a central concept in management, which is precisely analysed in this research, and to the way it is apprehended didactically with a view to teaching students attending technological courses. Exploring the national curriculum and school textbooks has shown that the concept of decision adapted for teaching purposes is a specific construct which was created by textbook writers, half way between common sense and scientific sense. It has been made clear that the epistemological knowledge of management concepts is not enough to preserve their original strength. However the problematization of management concepts and the didactic study of their conceptualization require an epistemological culture
Bérard, Céline. "Le processus de décision dans les systèmes complexes : une analyse d’une intervention systémique". Phd thesis, Paris 9, 2009. https://bu.dauphine.psl.eu/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2009PA090079.
The objective of this thesis is to contribute to a better understanding of decision processes in a complex system, by analysing how systemic interventions produce changes in the decision-making process followed by individuals. More precisely, this research analyses the potential effects of the use of a systemic model by decision-makers, on both the constitutive activities and the dimensions of decision processes, while taking into consideration their potential determinants. The research involves an experiment based on one simulated case about the intellectual property system of biotechnological innovations: experimental sessions consist in individual interviews with policy-makers, and the systemic intervention concerns the use of a simulation model based on the system dynamics approach. The results suggest: 1) a multiple, cumulative, conjunctive, and iterative progression; 2) an incremental, based on multiple perspectives, and creative decision-making procedure; 3) the multiplicity of involved actors, with diversified interests and roles; 4) rationalities which are political, limited, contextual, and even socio-cognitive. Moreover, the results show that decision-makers, who benefit from a systemic intervention, tend to consider more analytical elements and scientific disciplines during their decision analysis, and to involve additional internal and external actors
Belaidi, Aissam. "Organisation et pilotage de la prise en charge des patients dans le cadre du réseau des urgences". Phd thesis, Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Etienne, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00439525.
Dahmani, Sarra. "Proposition d’un cadre méthodologique pour la gestion du processus de servicisation en entreprise industrielle : approche basée sur les risques décisionnels". Thesis, Saint-Etienne, EMSE, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EMSE0789/document.
The economic context marked by market saturation and constantly changing environment, the sustainability of traditional differentiation business strategies based on product innovation or decreased prices, is increasingly weakened. A new approach to development for industrial companies is to provide a service offering that can be substituted to product supply initially proposed by the company, it consists in offering an integrated product-service system (PSS). The user can thus benefit from the availability of products to meet his needs without owning them. The development of the transition to PSS within the manufacturing industry is a qualified scientific movement known as “servitization of manufacturing”.Servitization represents a major change for the management of industrial enterprises. This is a transition that involves significant challenges that can be: technical, managerial, and cultural. Its deployment in the enterprise carries different risks and confronts decision makers to several issues.This thesis proposes an overall methodological framework for integrating the consideration of decision risks in managing transition to an integrated PSS supply model. We consider servitization as a decision-making process carrying decisional risks that can be characterized and diagnosed with the purpose of improving decision-making capabilities of the business.This methodological framework is structured around the components of modeling servitization decision process (according to a formalism based on GRAI business modeling framework) and risk modeling; it is composed of three phases:Phase A named “explorating servitization process”, its purpose consists of making a formal representation of the industrial enterprise’s servitization decision-making process studied according to a decision-making reference model that we defined previously; Phase B named “evaluation and characterization of decisional risks” comes to characterize the decision risks according to their areas of occurrence and effects, in order to deduce a criticality assessment of potential risks carried by the process; And phase C named “diagnosis and remediation of decisional risks”, its purpose is to make an interpretation of diagnosis results and to propose a remedial plan to assist decision-makers in their decision making process. Two case studies on industrial SMEs are used to illustrate this thesis
Nehmeh, Anthony. "Les facteurs d’intégration des trois volets de la RSE par le dirigeant de la PME : Cas du secteur de l’industrie agroalimentaire libanais". Thesis, Lille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIL1A010.
The Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is the declination of the sustainable development (SD) in the business world. It is a concept in which companies integrate social, environmental, and economic concerns into their business, on a voluntary basis (European Commission, 2002). Upon Darnil and Le Roux, 2005, CSR has been imposed as a must several years ago. In this search, the aim is to explain the factors (motivations, incentives or pressures) of integration of the 3 pillars of CSR by the manager of the small and medium-sized Lebanese enterprises of the food sector. Because of scandals in the last 5 years; CSR has become unavoidable in this sector especially in the field where practices of SMEs are questioned. It is the manager who is the most important actor in understanding the strategic choices and decisions regarding CSR in SMEs. To understand the logic of action, we refer to the model of Wood and Caroll (1991) which classifies the engagement factors under 4 levels: individual, organizational, institutional and the characteristics of the company, constituting for this study a theoretical framework that explains the factors of engagement in CSR. A qualitative and quantitative research was conducted to test the variables extracted from the theoretical part with the aim to know why Lebanese managers integrate CSR into their SMEs
Ballereau, Valérie. "Analyse proxémique des parties prenantes dans la décision stratégique des entrepreneurs de PME/TPE : expérimentation sur l'influence du genre". Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012MON10015/document.
The scope of the research is an analysis of stakeholders' influences on strategic decisions, focusing principally on the role of family, within a gender perspective. The theoretical framework is the proxemic influence in Small Businesses. This framework was defined by Torrès (2003) based on the work of psycho-sociologists Moles and Rohmer (1978). The proxemic theory emphasizes the prevalence of things, people and elements that are close compared to those which are more remote. Torrès shows how strategic decisions of entrepreneurs are embedded by this proxemic influence. We test the validity of this law through the layers of theory defended by Gibb (1988) which identified a hierarchic influence of the stakeholders. The empirical study is based on an experiment structured from the experimental economics field. Men and women entrepreneurs are the subject of the experiment.Results show, innovative opportunities to better understand the strategic decisions of women entrepreneurs. They also highlight the theoretical interest of the proxemic principle to survey women from their own perspective, rather than only from the male comparison
Camblanne, Lionel. "Les comportements de gestion des forestiers : contribution à la connaissance des conséquences de perspectives intergénérationnelles sur les décisions du dirigeant d'entreprise familiale". Thesis, Bordeaux 4, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BOR40004.
The forest landowner can be set up as a model of a business manager who leads a wood manufacture, his woodland. He can be considered as a particular business manager whose activity is characterized by an unique decision, to cut or not to cut the trees ; and by a long planning horizon on several generations.Through the observation that the forest landowners' behaviors are not totally rational in comparison with the function of the woodland production, the research explores the origins of biases that affect behaviors, and specifically the family vision on business, due to the impact of each decision on the future of the coming generations. In this objective, based on psychological researches, a theoretical background is implemented, which proposes a model of the various biases that can affect managers.By comparing the different cases of forest landowners, the family vision is found as the origin of a conative bias that triggers a behavioral inertia. This inertia appears to be variable according to the specificities of the managers' families. The various forest landowners' behaviors allow to grasp new elements concerning behavioral governance through the proposition of both a behavior analyzing tool and a mechanism which aims to identify the origins of biases through a differential method , and allow to infer the mean to correct them
Zemis, Danouchka. "Le redressement de la PME : trajectoires de défaillance et rôle du noyau sratégique". Thesis, Lille 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LIL1A014.
This research explores the recovery of failing SMEs. It focuses on the firm and its CEO, considered to be a major player in these situations and able to reverse the failure trajectory. Our study seeks to identify the behaviour adopted by the CEO to turn around his business. We built a theoretical sample of thirteen SMEs encountering difficulties. We collected qualitative and longitudinal data of SMEs registered at different stages of the failure trajectory. Data collection is carried out in real time according to two modes of collection: as an actor accompanying CEO and then as part of a participant observation. The cases selected aim to make our sample as heterogeneous as possible: different kind of firms, of CEO profile and stages of the failure trajectory. Our results focus on the actions taken and the recovery strategies adopted by the CEO. They highlight a collective management of the recovery of the SME in default around a "strategic core", the mode of coordination of which can play a role in the positive inflection of the trajectory of failure. Finally, we observe that the duration of the trajectory depends on an existing financial and organizational slack which is reduced throughout the business failure trajectory and on a potential financial slack which allows an extension of the duration of the business failure trajectory. Depending on the degree of failure in which their business is located, CEOs are required to modify the content of the recovery strategies adopted, the composition of the strategic core and its mode of coordination
Gallon, François. "Collégialité & Subsidiarité : un principe-dual pour l'action - Des organisations durables dans un environnement complexe". Thesis, Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ECAP0075/document.
The issue of this thesis is relating to business governance. It enquires about corporate management and subsidiarity as principles for action. As a first step, both concepts were addressed with a view to their clarification, and situated in the socio-historical context in which they emerged. A questionnaire-based inquiry was made among employees of the reference business selected for on-site studies, namely an industrial group. The results were enhanced by a supplementary inquiry carried out in a business outside the group. The processing, made through the factorial analysis of correspondences, highlights significant differences between key elements of the theoretical definitions of corporate management and of subsidiarity, as well as those associated to them by agents of the businesses under study. Two on-site studies were conducted: the writing up of a monograph on one branch of the group, based on continuous information collecting over a ten years period, and one on-site survey relating to a business in its project phase. This survey was complemented with a questionnaire-based survey about the day-to-day implementation of corporate management and subsidiarity. Considering both studies from a common angle mainly reveals that using corporate management contributes to creating economic and social value. Furthermore, the importance of the manager as an authoritative character is highlighted, as well as his primary responsibility in establishing the initial level of confidence that proves to be indispensable for the effective implementation of corporate management inside the teams. Finally, we confirm that corporate management and subsidiarity, when used as a dual-principle, contribute to the taking into account by the actors of the complexity of the business’s environment in a sustainable development perspective
Rother, Eva. "Prise en compte des spécificités culturelles et des muta-tions nécessaires dans le management industriel français pour répondre aux nouvelles exigences de l’industrie 4.0". Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSEI047.
Regarding the previous industrial revolutions and organizational changes and evalu-ating the promises made by Industry 4.0, our aim is to imagine concrete developments in lean management and organization by building the manager of tomorrow. For this, a methodological approach will be applied to compare the theoretical con-cepts of lean, their concrete applications in current manufacturing and their possible weaknesses looking for I4.0 ‘s principles. Future developments will be made, by in-tegrating feedback and digital, organizational and generational constraints, and will allow us to draw up a portrait of the operational manager of the future, in an agile or even liberated organization. These proposals will be concretely implemented and evaluated on a French industri-al site that will be our field of experimentation. Through the analysis of the factors of success and failure of digitization projects in this historic factory of an international group, we will evaluate the assumptions previously made and enrich the management model imagined. In a second phase, through a survey of several European sites, we will question operational managers at all levels in order to define the func-tions and interactions of the French manager 4.0 in terms of skills, objectives and management methods. All these conclusions will focus on the key position of the in-termediate manager in technological developments and their ownership, but also on proposals to take into account and adapt organizations to facilitate the integration of the key concepts of I4.0 which are a great asset of renewal for the French industry
Badets, Patrick. "Prise en compte du facteur humain pour pallier les limites des démarches Lean : proposition d'un modèle de performance et d'une méthodologie d'accompagnement". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0245/document.
Lean is an approach aiming at eliminating non-value added operations, used by companies to improve the performance of their production activities. Companies applying this approach are observing rapid gains in operational terms but gradually some observe a fall in operating results or a degradation of the health of work force. We seek to overcome these limits and we ask about the ability of those of the company to anticipate and to take corrective actions. For this, we question about the performance model and the decision adopted by corporate actors to deploy Lean. We propose thatcorporate actors evaluate the efficiency of production, processed by the Lean approach, taking into account not only the operational level of performance, but also the human dimension integrating realwork activity. We define a performance model that supports a kind of “actor” vision of man at work.To help corporate actors to change their existing model of Lean performance, we offer a support methodology based on a reengineering approach integrating coaching aimed at changing there presentations of the actors by a sociocognitive learning. This methodology is based on a framework and modeling tools to represent the impacts of this new performance model on the decision and on the sustainability of the lean benefits
Chevalier, Séverine. "Contribution à l'étude des processus sous-jacents à la prise de décision du départ à la retraite chez les entrepreneurs français". Thesis, Tours, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TOUR2010/document.
Understanding the psychosociological conditions of entrepreneurs’ decisions to retire is an important issue for researchers and practitioners. Indeed, the consequences of entrepreneurs’ decisions to retire are important at three levels: individual, macroeconomic in that their retirement is linked to the disposal and transfer of their business, and social in that it affects employment (Detienne, 2010). The overall purpose of this doctoral research was to analyze the psychosociological factors underlying the retirement decision in this specific population. The study had two main objectives. The first was to provide researchers and practitioners with an original and reliable self-report questionnaire to assess the nature and form of the reasons underlying the retirement decision process. Three studies, with a total of 442 participants, were conducted to develop and validate the Reasons for Entrepreneurs’ Retirement Decision Inventory (RERDI), based on the Push Pull Antipush Anti-pull view (Mullet, Dej, Lemaire, Raïff, & Barthorpe, 2000). A fourth study involving 271 participants was carried out to achieve the second objective, which was to test a model of individual determinants of the reasons underlying the retirement decision process. This model also examined the relationships between the evaluation of the reasons and the intention to retire. Finally, the results of these studies allow us to propose a multidimensional and reliable tool to assess in detail the complex perception of the psychosociological factors underlying entrepreneurs’ decisions to retire. The results also provide a better understanding of interindividual differences in this retirement decision
Aubin, Cédric. "Décider à l'hôpital : du dialogue de gestion aux dispositifs de prescription réciproque". Thesis, Lyon 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO30041/document.
Alongside increasing regulatory requirements in France, hospitals are conducting in-depth transformation programs in order to improve their performance. Groups and individuals need to organize themselves to achieve common goals and shared objectives. With this respect, having the right information systems to manage and steer performance has become, more than ever before, a major issue. By enabling wider information sharing and dissemination, dedicated tools and procedures are allowing hospitals making the right decisions at the right time. However, the key to an effective usage and adoption of those systems lies in a global approach that encapsulates three core dimensions: the design, the usage and the meaning. To illustrate this model, a study has been carried on a single case in a hospital for four years, focusing on the analysis of the adoption mechanisms during the transformation program conducted in the organization. Three major conclusions can be drawn. First of all, focusing on usage, the expansion of the stakeholders involved in decision-making to the clinical centers demonstrates both the impact of the organizational structure on the information needs and the challenge for designers to manage the diversity of the usage styles. About design, the study highlights the crucial role of a well-identified prescriber, the medico-economic observatory, which assigns the creation targets and ensures the balance between the requirements and the individual strategies of all actors involved in the transformation project. Finally, the most striking outcome affects the dual impact of the sense-making variable on usages: direct impact through leveraged engagement of the clinical centers directors to the strategic agenda, and indirect impact through the design process of the collaborative decision-making system itself
Eberhardt-Toth, Edina. "Leviers individuels et organisationnels stratégiques de la performance sociale de l'entreprise : trois études empiriques". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0320/document.
We investigate how social and environmental responsibilities can be considered in the strategic decision-making processes of corporations. This doctoral research is based on three empirical papers, providing evidence for individual and organizational drivers of corporate social performance. We consider corporate social performance as a triple performance of corporations: economic, social and environmental. Corporate social performance measures the level of corporate social responsibility (CSR), which corresponds to the contribution of corporations to a sustainable development. For the first paper, we question in France180 financial and 144 non-financial managers, and 83 students in finance and 117 students in other majors than finance. Our investigations provide an overview of how financial managers perceive the importance of sustainability for corporate strategy. The second paper is based on the study of 286 companies of the STOXX Europe 600 Index of years 2007 to 2010. The results of this cross-cultural study are expected to contribute to a better understanding of when there is a need for the presence of a board CSR committee. In the third paper we use firm-level data of year 2012 from the Bloomberg World Index of 178 companies having created a board CSR committee. The results of this last study offer ways to ensure a suitable composition of this committee
Nguyen, Thi Phuong an. "Les compétences en gestion des ressources humaines des managers : Le cas du secteur hôtelier de Genève". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLV019/document.
Our research focuses on the competencies of hotel managers in Human Resources management and aims to answer these questions: How do managers of hotels of various sizes implement the different components of Human Resources function? How to characterize and to develop these competencies? and How can theses competencies be characterized and developed?This thesis integrates an empirical study on managers of independent hotels and hotel chains in Geneva of Swiss
Sibony, Olivier. "Comprendre et prévenir l’erreur récurrente dans les processus de décision stratégique : l’apport de la Behavioral Strategy". Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLED039/document.
Many types of strategic decisions result in recurring, systematic errors. Extant theories of organizations are insufficient to account for this phenomenon. Behavioral Strategy suggests that an explanation may be found in the psychology of decision makers, and particularly in their cognitive biases. This, however, calls for a link between individual-level cognition and affects, and organization-level choices. We propose “Strategic Choice Routines” as a middle level of analysis to bridge this gap, and identify three broad types of Strategic Choice Routines.This leads us to formulate hypotheses on how Strategic Choice Routines can be modified to minimize strategic errors. We illustrate these hypotheses through case studies; test some of them quantitatively; and analyze preferences that drive their adoption by executives. Finally, we discuss theoretical and managerial implications
Charbti, Sana. "Dividend policy, irrationality approaches and behavioral corporate finance : theory and evidence". Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UBFCG003.
Behavioural corporate finance is an area that has attracted a lot of interest from financial economists, psychologists and neuroscientists over the past decade. This research falls within the scope of behavioural corporate finance, which proves to be an new and promising field of research. The question of dividends, although recurrent, continues to occupy an axiological position in recent research in Finance. Since 2015, France has been considered as one of the most generous countries in terms of dividend distribution in the European Union (EU). At this level, it is a question of research aimed at delimiting the real contours of the determinants of the decision and the amount of the dividend distributed. In concrete terms, the objective of this work is to study certain exogenous factors likely to explain the dividend distribution policy, on the one hand, and to assess their impact on the payment decision and the distribution rate through the investor sentiment and behavioural biases of French executives, on the other hand. In terms of objectives, this thesis has sought to provide some answers to the questions of the importance of sectoral sentiment in the decision to pay dividends, which is the subject of the first chapter (the Catering theory). The results show that the investor sentiment does not have a significant impact on the decision to distribute dividends in the French case (Ferris et al. (2009); La Porta et al. (2000). Contrary to Anouar and Aubert (2017), our results highlight a positive and significant impact of the investor sentiment on the probability of dividend payment in the industrial sector. Such a result shows that companies in the industrial sector are able to meet investors' needs based on their demand for dividend distribution. Regression analysis confirms that sectoral sentiment is an appropriate indicator to test the Catering theory (Baker and Wurgler 2004a). The second chapter analyses the impact of managerial overconfidence on dividend distribution policy. By using a sample of French companies, we show that the excess confidence of managers plays a decisive role in explaining the dividend policy of French companies. Over-confidence of CEO has a positive effect on the dividend payout. The third chapter examines the implications of governance in terms of accountability and rationalization of decisions and its effects on the moderation of the impulses of agents' irrationality. Our main results concerning this analysis (quantile regression) show that the coefficients of the managers' overconfidence index are positive and significant, respectively, in the quantile of 30%, 50%, 60% and 80% dividend distribution. The over-confidence of French executives is reflected by an increase in dividend payments. However, the sentiment index is non-significant for different dividend distribution quantile
Ziam, Saliha. "Les déterminants de la capacité d'absorption des connaissances : le cas des courtiers de connaissances œuvrant dans le domaine de la santé au Canada". Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/22178.
Xu, Liang. "Trois contributions sur l'effet informatif des cours boursiers dans les décisions d'entreprise". Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLED019/document.
In my doctoral thesis, I investigate the information feedback from stock prices to managers’ decisions. More specifically, I study whether and how managers learn new information from stock prices to guide their corporate decisions. My doctoral thesis includes three essays focusing on this topic. The first essay studies the relationship between stock market informational efficiency and real economy efficiency at firm-level. In the first essay, I find that when stock prices reflect greater amount of information that managers care about, corporate decisions made by managers become more efficient. The second essay studies whether managers seek to learn short sellers’ information from stock prices and use it in corporate decisions. In the second essay, I overcome the empirical difficulties by exploiting a unique institutional feature in Hong Kong stock market that only stocks included in an official list are allowed for short sales. I find that that non-shortable firms’ managers can learn short sellers’ information on external conditions from shortable peers’ stock prices and use it in their corporate decisions. The third essay studies the real effects of long-term option trading. I find that long-term option trading stimulates the production of long-term information, which managers can use to guide their long-term investment decisions
Naous, Benoît. "De l'art martial au management stratégique des organisations : énoncé de principes de management stratégique selon le Gorin-no-Sho et étude de leurs applicabilités par les dirigeants d'organisations au Liban". Thesis, Le Havre, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LEHA0019/document.
In Japan, during the XVII century, a famous Samuraï named Miyamoto Musashi wrote a manuscript known as the Gorin-no-sho or the book of five rings. The book is divided into five main chapters: the book or roll of Earth, Water, Fire, Wind and Void (or Sky). At the age of 60, Musashi condenses all his knowledge on the martial strategy or martial art in this book, since he claims that he didn t ...have a master in any field . As we know, Musashi has never lost a duel till his death. We can say that the book aims to provide guidance that Musashi called principle in order to ...win in conflict against one or more opponents . Indeed, one of the fundamental objectives if not the only one of the martial or military strategy is to ensure to take the advantage on the adversary in any situation. Therefore, our main research is to know whether the principles of strategic management as defined in the Gorin-no-sho initially developed to fight can be applied to the art of organizations strategic management ? Since both types of strategies have the same goal which is to take advantage on the opponent or competitor. It is in this context that we stated assumptions of strategic management principles in order to study their applicabilities by organizations leaders in Lebanon
Odoardi, Gianluca. "The relationship of perceived human resources management practices and innovative work behavior". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0040/document.
In the globalized economies the innovation is widely recognized as one of the key processes that can allow the development of organizations. This thesis focuses the attention on the Innovative Work Behavior (IWB) and its links with the perception of Human Resources Management (HRM). More specifically, the research models explore two HRM practices corresponding to individual and team learning and the participation to decision-making (PDM). The choice to emphasize only two practices is in line with scholars’ efforts dedicated to contingent perspective. Therefore, the experimentation of multiple mediating variables has allowed the better understanding of the relationship among the examined processes. This thesis is also oriented to understand the mentioned psychosocial factors in a quite unexplored organizational contexts corresponding to the small and medium enterprises. The first research explores the relationship among the perception of individual and team learning HRM practices, IWB and the mediating role of norms and supportive climate for innovation. The second study assumes that the perception of decision-making practice, conjointly with participative leadership, is related to IWB; moreover also the indirect relationship is tested through the mediating role of psychological climate for innovation and co-workers’ support. These findings help scholars to direct new endeavors in HRM research. Moreover they support managers to optimize resources invested in innovation through the promotion of learning and PDM
Edward, Lydie. "Modélisation décisionnelle de personnages virtuels autonomes évoluant dans un environnement virtuel pour la prévention des risques sur les sites SEVESO". Compiègne, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011COMP1942.
Our research deals with the design of a training system to support decision-making in the preparation and the management of maintenance interventions in high-risk industries namely SEVESO sites. The proposed system incorporates virtual reality and artificial intelligence to simulate virtual autonomous characters and their cognitive processes in dangerous working situations. It generates behaviour-based errors to support learning and risk prevention. It uses new mechanisms taking into account human factors with respect to cognitive modelling of human behaviour regarding risky situations. In the simulated environment the trainee can visualize the risks incurred during his work with the virtual agents. The emergent risks depend on the cognitive characteristics of the virtual operators and on the expertise of the trainee. We propose a multi-agent system to support the control of virtual operators represented by virtual cognitive agents. The difference with a classic MAS is that our cognitive agents are enriched with a planner for selecting actions according to goals, the environment and to the personal characteristics of the agents (time pressure, caution, tiredness, hunger)