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Tesi sul tema "Gerontology"
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1
Gallagher, Stephen Michael. "Behavioural gerontology : issues in discriminative control". Thesis, University of Ulster, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.232859.
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2
Baines, Elizabeth E. "Women's experiences in the field of gerontology". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape3/PQDD_0028/MQ62112.pdf.
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3
Cavalcanti, Vinícius. "O nadar e o envelhecente: processo de ensino e aprendizagem da natação nesta fase da vida". Universidade Federal do Amazonas, 2011. http://tede.ufam.edu.br/handle/tede/3223.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
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Previous issue date: 2011-07-29Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Amazonas
Swimming has been considered a complete movement, achieved by improved human and biomechanically, led the competition with magnificent results of human capacity, so that the civilizing process is taught, especially for children, this study will see the results of people who are getting old adults going through this process teaching and learning. People who are getting old the term was used to identify subjects in middle age and older. This research aimed at analyzing the meanings that attach to the application of people who are getting old adults a learning process of swimming through the content of their speech, and the following objectives: 1) characterize the profile of people who are getting old adults participants as students in the learning process of swimming at this stage of life, 2) verify the knowledge and experience in driving the liquid over the life of people who are getting old adults participants as students of the teaching learning of swimming at this stage of life, 3) evaluate the implementation of a program of swimming instruction for the third academic people who are getting old Programa Idoso Feliz Participa Sempre FEFF-UFAM. The sample consisted of 16 people who are getting old, 14 women and 2 men, 45 to 74 years. Methodology was used as the main program of teaching and learning of basic swimming with a duration of four months. To obtain the data, we used two interviews and a verification worksheet hydrodynamic qualities used throughout the program. Results showed: 1) learning to swim almost all of the sample, except one people who are getting old adults did not learn to swim. 2) According to reports, there was improved physical condition and decreased pain. 3) There was an increase in scores for film and hydrodynamic qualities of 15m to 25m. Regarding the meaning of learning to swim, there was a better motor development and pursuit of a healthy lifestyle and a fear of drowning as reports of attention. The results showed that one can learn to swim at this stage of life, except in relationship to trauma is not overcome.
Nadar tem sido considerado um movimento completo, conquistado pelo humano e aperfeiçoado biomecanicamente, levado a competição com resultados magníficos da capacidade humana, tanto que pelo processo civilizador é ensinado, principalmente para crianças, neste estudo veremos os resultados de adultos envelhecentes passando por este processo de ensino aprendizagem. O termo envelhecentes foi utilizado para identificar sujeitos na meia idade e idosos. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo geral analisar os significados que os envelhecentes atribuem à aplicação de um processo de aprendizagem da natação, através do conteúdo de suas falas; e como objetivos específicos: 1) caracterizar o perfil dos envelhecentes participantes como alunos do processo de aprendizagem de natação nesta fase da vida; 2) verificar o conhecimento e a vivências motoras no meio líquido ao longo da vida dos envelhecentes participantes como alunos do processo de ensino aprendizagem de natação nesta fase da vida; 3) avaliar a aplicação de um programa de ensino de natação para os envelhecentes acadêmicos da 3a Idade Adulta-FEF-UFAM. A amostra foi constituída de 16 envelhecentes, sendo 14 mulheres e 2 homens, entre 45 a 74 anos. Como metodológica principal foi empregado programa de ensino aprendizagem da iniciação a natação, com uma duração de 4 meses. Para a obtenção dos dados, foram utilizadas duas entrevistas e uma planilha de verificação das qualidades hidrodinâmicas utilizadas ao longo do programa. Os resultados apontaram: 1) o aprendizado da natação da quase totalidade da amostra, exceto uma envelhecente que não aprendeu a nadar. 2) Segundo os relatos: ocorreu a melhoria da condição física e a diminuição das dores. 3) Houve um aumento dos escores de qualidades hidrodinâmicas e metragem de 15m para 25m. Em relação aos significados de aprender a nadar, houve um melhor desenvolvimento motor e a busca de um estilo de vida saudável e o medo de um afogamento como relatos de destaque. Os resultados apontaram que é possível aprender a nadar nesta fase da vida, exceto em relações aos traumas não superados.
4
de, Lachica Jordan Marie. "Widowhood and grief support| Gerontology curriculum for older adults". Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1586172.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Although older adults are more susceptible to loss, there are more support groups aimed towards helping young widowed persons than those ages 65 and over (Cox, 2010). The purpose of this project was to develop a curriculum for an eight-week grief support class for New Hope Grief Support Community in Long Beach, California. This curriculum will allow older adults who have lost a spouse or partner to learn how to cope with their loss while also learning to rely on new relationships as their main point of support. The curriculum is based on James William Worden's four tasks of mourning and New Hope's grief education format.
5
Nichols, Allison H. "Domains of organizational effectiveness of gerontology centers in higher education". Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 1999. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=704.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Thesis (Ed. D.)--West Virginia University, 1999.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains x, 191 p. Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 86-98).
6
Escotorin, Soza Gloria Pilar. "Prosocial Communication Inquiry in collaboration with gerontology health professionals". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/125855.
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Aquesta tesi es situa en l´àmbit soci-sanitari gerontològic. Es parteix de l´idea que l´orientació
prosocial en forma d´interacció interpersonal i també cultural organitzacional, afavoreix el
benestar, la prevenció de la violència i és un factor protector d´una bona relació entre el
personal sanitari i els actors amb els que aquest personal interactua.
Per comprendre les dificultats i els mitjans de resposta des de la perspectiva de la comunicació
prosocial, es realitza una investigació qualitativa que utilitza tres fonts: a) el model funcional
helicoïdal; b) la bibliografia especialitzada sobre Comunicació Prosocial; b) i la pràctica, a
través d´un procés de consulta-formació amb professionals soci-sanitaris. El marc
epistemològic en el que van ser realitzades les sessions és la Participatory Action Research
(PAR).
Es van dur a terme 15 Grups de discussió (Focus Group), en els que han participat nou
professionals experts que procedeixen de diferents centres sanitaris. Les sessions van ser
gravades i gran part del material es va materialitzar en panels de visualització de les
aportacions del membres del grup. Tot aquest material es va elaborar d´acord amb un procés
d´anàlisi en tres fases, que incloïa nou passes. El resultat final es presenta com un model
interpretatiu que informa sobre les dificultats i els mitjans d´afrontament que deuen ser
considerats per promoure la comunicació prosocial en els contextos laborals considerats.
L´estudi ha estat subjecte a diverses llistes de verificació (checklist) per garantir la seva
credibilitat.
Com conclusions de la investigació i de transferència, es destaca la revisió exhaustiva de totes
les publicacions existents sobre Comunicació Prosocial.
Es proposa un model que articula els resultats de les conceptualitzacions prèvies amb les
contribucions actuals, proporcionant una síntesi integrada teòric-pràctica, única en l'àmbit dels
serveis socials i de salut en gerontología i de gran abast per a programes preventius
d'educació, formació i assessorament dirigit a professionals de salut.Esta tesis se sitúa en el ámbito socio-sanitario gerontológico. Se parte de la idea que la orientación prosocial en forma de interacción interpersonal y también cultural organizacional, favorece el bienestar, la prevención de la violencia y es un factor protector de una buena relación entre el personal sanitario y los actores con los que este personal interactúa. Para comprender las dificultades y los medios de respuesta desde la perspectiva de la comunicación prosocial, se realiza una investigación cualitativa que utiliza tres fuentes: (a) el modelo funcional helicoidal; (b) la bibliografía especializada sobre Comunicación Prosocial y; (c) la práctica, a través de un proceso de consulta-formación con profesionales socio-sanitarios. El marco epistemológico en el que fueron realizadas las sesiones es la Participatory Action Research (PAR). Se llevan a término 15 Focus Group, en los que han participado nueve profesionales expertos que proceden de distintos centros sanitarios. Las sesiones fueron grabadas y gran parte del material se materializó en paneles de visualización de las aportaciones de los miembros del grupo. Todo este material se elaboró de acuerdo con un proceso de análisis en tres fases, que incluía nueve pasos. El resultado final se presenta como un modelo interpretativo que informa sobre las dificultades y los medios de afrontamiento que deben ser considerados para promover la comunicación prosocial en los contextos laborales considerados. El estudio ha estado sujeto a diversas checklist de comprobación para ga-rantizar su credibilidad. Como conclusiones de investigación y de transferencia, se destaca la revisión exhaustiva y la síntesis teórico-aplicativa de todas las publicaciones existentes sobre Comunicación Prosocial. Se propone un modelo que articula los resultados de las conceptualizaciones previas con las contri-buciones actuales, proporcionando una síntesis integrada teórico-práctica, única en el ámbito de los servicios sociales y de salud en gerontología y de gran alcance para programas preventivos de educación, formación y ase-soramiento dirigido a profesionales del ámbito socio-sanitario.
The current doctoral dissertation belongs to the field of gerontology health professionals. The premise that underlies this contribution is that a prosocial orientation, behind interpersonal interactions and organizational cultures, should promotes wellbeing, prevent the enactment of violence, and be a protective factor by enhancing good relations among social-health professionals, individuals, and groups they interact with. From the approach of the Prosocial Communication and in order to understand the difficulties and mechanisms involved in the interactions, a qualitative research has been performed. Within this methodological framework three main sources were considered: (a) the functional helicoidally model; (b) the specialized literature on Prosocial Communication; and (c) the health professionals’ information that comes from the practice itself, in which process of inquiry and training were combined. Indeed, the epistemological framework in which these inquiry-training sessions were held is the named Participatory Action Research (PAR). A total of 15 Focus Groups were carried out, in which nine expert health professionals took part from different health centers. The sessions were recorded and a large part of results were evidenced using panels to display the contributions made by participants. Then, the material was analyzed in three phases, divided in nine different steps. The final outcome was an interpretative integrative model that informs about challenges and coping strategies that are needed in order to promote Prosocial Communication within the context of health care. Finally, to provide reliable evidences, the research has been subjected to an intense scrutiny by applying different checklists of assessment. Unambiguous conclusions and implications for practitioners are emphasised from the current dissertation. From an exhaustive revision of the existing literature, including scientific as well as non-scientific search engines, an integrative model of Prosocial Communication have been proposed. This model offered novel links between previous conceptualizations and current contributions, by providing a synthesis with theoretical-practical integrations, unique in the field of health and social services in gerontology. Educational preventive programs, training and counselling, which involves health professionals and caregivers, should gain from the new applied Model of Prosocial Communication.
7
Powell, Jason L. "Foucauldian gerontology : discourse, and subject position : a new approach". Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.402842.
Testo completo
8
Riggs, Coragene 1938. "DISCIPLINE-BASED ART EDUCATION GUIDELINES FOR OLDER ADULTS (GERONTOLOGY)". Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276362.
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9
Whyte, Shelly-Ann Rosemarie. "ASSESSING MASTER OF SOCIAL WORK STUDENTS' INTEREST IN GERONTOLOGY". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/558.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This study was conducted to assess Masters of social Work students’ interest in gerontology. Students’ gerontological knowledge, attitude and experience with the aging population was examined to see if they have any influence on interest in working with older adults. The positivist worldview was used to identify students’ behavior toward older adults while checking to see if correlates to interest in working with that population. Survey questionnaire was used to collect information on student’s interest in working with older adults, their knowledge, attitude and experience. Modified versions of Palmore Facts on Aging Quiz (FAQ) and Kogan’s Attitude Toward Old People (KAOP) scales were used to collect information on students’ knowledge and attitude toward older adults. Additional questions about demographic data was included along with direct question on interest in working with the older adults. The results from the use of the quantitative approach allowed further statistical analysis using SPSS to identify relationships between the variables. The study found relationships between knowledge of aging and interest in aging-related work. The study recommends that future research examine factors that influence attitude and implementing gerontological education and training in social work programs to improve student’s interest in aging related work.
10
Nelson, Ian M. "Predictors of Nursing Home Placement for Home Care Consumers". Miami University / OhioLINK, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1073924945.
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11
St, Pierre Elizabeth. "Arts of existence : the construction of subjectivity in older white Southern women /". Connect to resource, 1995. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1217010855.
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Simon, Joan. "Satisfaction with retirement : vocational script development". Connect to resource, 1996. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=osu1262986868.
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Lebowitz, Kim Rachelle. "The effects of humor on cardiopulmonary functioning, psychological well-being, and health status among older adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease". Connect to resource, 2002. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1243022725.
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Bosc, Kristin M. "Memory self-efficacy and depression in assisted living settings : examining memory self-efficacy differences in depressed and demented older adults". Connect to resource, 2002. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=osu1259949133.
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Silva, Alessandra Rischiteli Bragança. "Estudo da dinamica alimentar do idoso hospitalizado : intervenção fonoaudiologica". [s.n.], 2005. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/252990.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Orientadores: Tereza Loffredo Bilton, Anita Liberalesso NeriDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Faculdade de Educação
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-05T01:24:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Silva_AlessandraRischiteliBraganca_M.pdf: 4619205 bytes, checksum: 0291a6579201902cc45da4b209a81226 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005
Resumo: Foi realizada uma pesquisa clínica com o objetivo de estudar a aplicação de uma seqüência planejada de procedimentos fonoaudiológicos sobre as condições da dinâmica alimentar de 55 idosos, internados na Geriatria do Hospital do Servidor Público Estadual de São Paulo. Realizou-se a graduação de severidade do quadro fonoaudiológico e os idosos pesquisados foram divididos em 4 grupos. Resultados: G1= 9 idosos passaram na avaliação inicial; G2 = 14 idosos passaram na avaliação inicial, mas necessitaram de acompanhamento específico; G3 = 22 idosos não passaram na avaliação inicial, foi realizada avaliação específica da dinâmica alimentar e ação terapêutica; G4 = 10 idosos não passaram na avaliação inicial, mas foram a óbito aguardando melhora do quadro clínico geral para realização de avaliação específica. Segundo o grau de severidade, 87,2% dos idosos mantiveram o quadro fonoaudiológico e 71% necessitaram orientação quanto à higienização oral. A manutenção do quadro fonoaudiológico é de suma importância para o quadro clínico geral do idoso hospitalizado, fragilizado e portador de doença degenerativa e crônica, bem como para sua alta hospitalar. É essencial a orientação de uma eficiente higienização oral e cuidados dentários
Abstract: It was made a clinic research in order to study the application of a planned sequence of phonoaudiological procedures about the conditions of the alimentary dynamic of 55 elderlies interned at the Geriatrics of the Hospital do Servidor Público Estadual (Public Civil Servant¿s Hospital) in São Paulo. It was made the severity graduation of the phonoaudiological condition and the researched elderlies were divided in 4 groups. Results: G1= 9 elderlies have passed on initial evaluation; G2 = 14 elderlies have passed on initial evaluation, but they needed a specific attendance; G3 = 22 elderlies didn¿t pass on initial evaluation; it was made a specific evaluation of the alimentary dynamic and therapeutic action; G4 = elderlies didn¿t pass on initial evaluation but died while waiting for an improvement of general clinical condition in order to have specific assessment. According to the severity degree, 87,2% of the elderlies to the have kept the phonoaudiological condition and 71% neded an orientation about the oral hygiene. The maintenance of the phonoaudiological condition is of extreme importance for the general clinic condition of the hospitalized elderly, debilitated and having a chronic and degenerative illness, as well as his discharge of the hospital. It is essential an orientation about an oral efficient hygiene and dental cares
Mestrado
Mestre em Gerontologia
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Baviera, Bruna Valquiria. "Interdisciplinaridade e interprofissionalidade: percepções dos profissionais envolvidos no atendimento ambulatorial do idoso". Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/100/100141/tde-07122017-220906/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
A interdisciplinaridade e a interprofissionalidade são componentes essenciais da Gerontologia e do trabalho em equipe no atendimento de saúde do idoso. Entretanto, dificuldades podem surgir para a real implementação destes conceitos na prática gerontológica. Este estudo visou levantar as percepções de uma equipe de profissionais que atua em um ambulatório especializado no atendimento gerontológico a respeito da interdisciplinaridade e da interprofissionalidade em sua formação e cotidiano de trabalho com idosos. Trata-se de pesquisa descritiva, de natureza qualitativa, sob influência de alguns pressupostos alinhados à hermenêutica gadameriana. O instrumento utilizado para coleta dos dados foi um questionário semiestruturado desenvolvido pela pesquisadora e a realização de um grupo focal. Os dados foram categorizados por meio da técnica de análise de conteúdo proposta por Minayo. Participaram da pesquisa 21 profissionais de diferentes áreas de formação, que responderam o questionário que continha perguntas sobre suas percepções e sobre o contato que tiveram com os conceitos em sua formação acadêmica e profissional. Dentre estes profissionais, 12 vivenciaram o grupo focal para discussão sobre o tema. Os principais resultados apontaram que estes profissionais conseguem enxergar a importância da interdisciplinaridade e da interprofissionalidade em sua atuação profissional, mesmo que alguns deles tenham dificuldades em definir os conceitos, sendo que os que manifestaram tal dificuldade tinham um maior tempo de experiência na atuação gerontológica. Apontaram ainda que 48% deles revelaram contato com os conceitos em sua graduação e 80% tiveram durante sua pós-graduação. Os participantes também sinalizaram barreiras e fatores facilitadores para aplicar os conceitos em prática, apresentando aspectos do relacionamento com outros profissionais e questões institucionais. Frente a esses resultados percebeu-se a necessidade de observação mais próxima da prática destes profissionais visando verificar se de fato os conceitos abordados na teoria estão presentes no cuidado prestado aos idosos. Salienta-se sobre a importância do papel institucional na educação permanente destes profissionais e o compromisso ético e de responsabilidade dos mesmos em se manterem atualizados em relação aos temas centrais da gerontologia e do trabalho em equipeInterdisciplinarity and interprofessionality are essential components of gerontology and teamwork in elderly health care. However, difficulties can arise for the real implementation of these concepts in gerontological practice. This study aims to raise the perceptions of a team of professionals who work in an outpatient clinic specialized in gerontological care regarding interdisciplinarity and interprofessionality in their training and daily work with the elderly. It is a descriptive research, of qualitative nature, under the influence of some assumptions aligned to the Gadamerian hermeneutics. The instrument used for data collection was a semi-structured questionnaire developed by the researcher and the accomplishment of a focal group. The data were categorized by means of the content analysis technique proposed by Minayo. Twenty-one professionals from different training areas participated in the study, who answered the questionnaire that contained questions about their perceptions and about the contact they had with the concepts in their academic and professional training. Among these professionals, 12 experienced the focus group to discuss the theme. The main results pointed out that these professionals can see the importance of interdisciplinarity and interprofessionality in their professional performance, even though some of them have difficulties in defining the concepts and those who manifested such difficulty had a longer experience in gerontology. They also pointed out that 48% of them revealed contact with the concepts in their graduation and 80% had during their postgraduate studies. Participants also flagged barriers and facilitating factors to apply the concepts in practice, presenting aspects of the relationship with other professionals and institutional issues. In view of these results, it was noticed the need for closer observation of the practice of these professionals in order to verify if in fact the concepts covered in the theory are present in the care given to the elderly. It is emphasized the importance of the institutional role in the permanent education of these professionals and the ethical commitment and responsibility of these professionals to keep up to date of the central themes of gerontology and teamwork
17
Harvey, Mallory Robertson. "A retrospective look at change and learning in geriatrics/gerontology /". Full-text version available from OU Domain via ProQuest Digital Dissertations, 1992.
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18
Smith, Harold W. "Identifying motivators among individuals selecting gerontology as a career specialization". Thesis, New Mexico State University, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3582399.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Lived experiences and the power of memories of significant personal events to influence an individual's choice of career path is well documented in studies of students pursing careers in nursing. Less researched are the personal motivators that influence students' choices of specialization within career paths. Gerontology focused educational research provides a growing body of evidence pointing to the attitudinal disposition of students based on their life experiences and attachment to family members or significant others, not classroom exposure, as the primary predictor of vocational choice. What remain unclear are the types of naturally occurring motivators that propel students either toward or away from professional involvement with the elderly and in particular, the chronically and terminally ill. The questions of what motivates so many non-traditional nursing students, in particular, to work with elderly patients and what might motivate others who have shown no interest in this patient group to specialize in gerontology, is central to this interpretative phenomenological inquiry and frames the methodology used to define and interpret motivators among nursing students expressing an interest in or selecting gerontology as a career specialization. A synthesis of seven themes identified and analyzed from data collected through 30 in-depth interviews with 15 nursing students and other individuals closely associating with nursing education, suggests familial attachments, maturity, and traumatic or transformative experience, as the primary three motivators fueling an expressed desire to work with older patients. Conclusions also suggest motivators are identifiable and may be artificially replicated, and that strategic recruitment may also provide a solution for meeting geriatric nursing shortfalls. The purpose of the study has been to understand this complex phenomenon and to add to the body of knowledge surrounding nursing students' motivations and preferences for career specialization. The goal of the study has been to understand what elements might lead to new ways of increasing interest in the field of gerontology and specifically in direct care to elderly patients. Improvement in the numbers of BSN graduates electing to pursue early careers in geriatric direct care would provide a systemic remedy to the real-world problem of inadequate numbers of qualified nurses with adequate competencies to serve this high needs patient population.
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Cole, Susan Savella, e Teresa Marie Alarcon. "Factors influencing social workers commitment to the field of gerontology". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2001. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1916.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Due to the impending "elder boom" the need for gerontological social workers is increasing. This study examined what attracted workers to enter this field and what motivates them to stay. The research also focused on the relationship between the social worker's commitment and their perceived need for training and education in the field of gerontology.
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Englund, Hillevi. "Soluble amyloid-β aggregates in Alzheimer’s disease". Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-98512.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Soluble oligomeric aggregates of the amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide are suggested to initiate Alzheimer's disease (AD), leading to impaired synapse signalling, widespread neuronal death and loss of cognitive functions. These aggregates seem tightly linked to disease progression, and have therefore gained much attention as potential novel disease markers. In this thesis soluble oligomeric Aβ aggregates in general, and the Aβ protofibril species in particular, have been investigated with the aim to quantify and determine their role in AD pathogenesis. Sandwich-ELISAs specifically measuring Aβ42 peptides are widely used both in AD research and as complements for clinical diagnosis. Here it was demonstrated that presence of soluble Aβ aggregates disturbs such analyses, making it difficult to interpret the results. This discovery was made through analyses of samples from cell- and mouse models carrying the AD causing 'Arctic' APP mutation. When analyzed by ELISA, Aβ42 levels were reduced in Arctic samples, in contrast to levels measured by denaturing SDS-PAGE Western blot. The same divergence in Aβ42-levels between analyses was observed in CSF samples from Down syndrome infants. The discrepancy between methods was hypothesized to be due to presence of soluble Aβ aggregates leading to impaired ELISA detection caused by epitope masking. This was confirmed by developing a protofibril specific ELISA, by which samples from Arctic cell- and mouse models were demonstrated to have enhanced Aβ protofibril levels. AD patients have reduced ELISA-measured Aβ42-levels in CSF compared to healthy controls. To test if this reduction was due to oligomeric Aβ species present in AD CSF, Aβ42-levels were analyzed under both denaturing and non-denaturing conditions. These two measures were combined and an Aβ42 oligomer ratio established. Higher ratios were found in AD patients than healthy controls, implying that Aβ oligomers are present in CSF during Alzheimer pathogenesis. The observations from AD patients and young Down syndrome individuals suggest that Aβ42 oligomer formation is an early mechanism of AD pathogenesis, which potentially could be used as a biomarker to monitor disease development.
21
Kenyon, Gary M. "A philosophical analysis of scientific meanings of aging in psychosocial gerontology". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/25814.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This dissertation is concerned with the problem of scientific assumptions as it relates to research in gerontology. There are three major areas emphasized in the thesis. First, there is a consideration of the epistemological conditions that give rise to the problem of assumptions and meanings in science. Secondly, a number of different ways of addressing this issue are discussed and an alternative Hermeneutic approach is explicated. This approach constitutes a particular kind of philosophical analysis and is suggested by the insights of Hans Gadamer. Finally, on the basis of the Hermeneutic approach, two major characterizations of research on adult and gerontological intellectual and social competence are identified, namely, a restricted and an expanded picture. In addition, these two characterizations are further clarified by means of a discussion of the contrasting ontological orientations that are presupposed in the restricted and correspondingly, in the expanded picture.
The overall purpose of the thesis is to show that a particular kind of philosophical inquiry assists in the integration of disparate forms of research in psychosocial gerontology. In addition, this procedure provides conceptual support for a different understanding of various phenomena associated with human aging that is emerging in the field, namely, the expanded picture.Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies
Graduate
22
Harrison, Josephine Anne. "Towards the recognition of gay, lesbian, bisexual, transgender and intersex ageing in Australian gerontology". Connect to this title online, 2004. http://arrow.unisa.edu.au:8081/1959.8/24955.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Issues concerning gay, lesbian, bisexual, transgender and intersex (GLBTI) older people have been almost completely neglected in Australian gerontology. This is reflected in textual discourse, clinical and service practices, training and education, research approaches and policy development. The research presented in this thesis investigates whether lessons might be drawn from the experience of activists in the United States of America (USA) and then applied to Australian gerontology, with regard to the recognition of GLBTI issues. As such, the research aims to provide guideposts for a process of change in Australia, by the investigation of the factors involved in collective action. A critical research paradigm underpinned the research approach. The research was informed by social movement theory which includes structural and cultural dimensions of collective action. The approach was also informed by the researcher?s history of involvement in activism. Qualitative descriptive research, involving the triangulation of methods, was conducted in Australia and the State of California, in the USA. Fieldwork took place in three phases, involving a questionnaire mailed to Australian activists, analysis of documents held in archival collections in San Francisco and Long Beach, interviews with key activists involved in the Californian process of change and interviews with older GLBTI Australian activists. Throughout the period of the inquiry, the researcher recorded a log of relevant action that occurred in Australia. The data revealed three key findings regarding the Californian process of change and the Australian situation: Aspects of the change process in the State of California, in the USA, involving personal style, individual biography and devotion to the cause, formed a vital personal dimension of collective action; Issues associated with leadership and self-determination were of significance in shaping the change process and determining the outcome of collective action in California; Interest in GLBTI ageing issues and pockets of relevant action were evident in Australia, but a co-ordinated collective process of action was not identified. This thesis argues that lessons drawn from the process of collective action in the State of California could inform action that may take place in Australia. A dialogue between Australian activists, addressing the outcomes of this research, could also assist the development of a locally appropriate process of change. The thesis reveals implications and challenges for the aged care industry, in relation to service provision, education and training, policy development, and further research. The research provides a contribution to the discussion of matters which could assist to minimise discrimination, alleviate fear, promote equity and enhance the value of diversity in Australian gerontology in the future.thesis (PhDHealthSciences)--University of South Australia, 2004.
23
Ferreira, Monica (editor), Valerie Moller e HSRC/UCT Centre for Gerontology. "Southern African Journal of Gerontology, volume 6, number 1, April 1997". HSRC/UCT Centre for Gerontology, University of Cape Town, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012868.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
[From Editorial] A variety of papers covering interesting and relevant topics and emanating from several countries are included in this number. Togonu-Bickersteth examines levels of satisfaction with care received from sons and daughters of older Yoruba in rural Nigeria. She finds that contrary to expectations, older women are more satisfied than older men with the assistance received from children. Makoni examines the effects of Alzheimer's disease as the disease progresses on the conversational ability of an older second-language speaker. Cattell reports on exploratory research among Zulu grandmothers and granddaughters in KwaZulu-Natal and finds that older women continue to have important roles in the socialization of granddaughters, especially regarding sexual behaviour. Van Dokkum makes out a case for a durable power of attorney, not yet provided for in South African legislation, which can help to protect older citizens against malpractices or exploitation when, because of impaired mental functioning, they are no longer able to look after their affairs. Lefroy gives an update on the Special Dementia Unit as an alternative residential care facility for afflicted older Australians and examines the advantages of this type of accommodation for individuals. their families and society. Finally, Moller reviews a book written by Nana Araba Apt of Ghana. entitled Coping with old age in a changing Africa. She concludes that readers will learn much from Apt's ideas on building on indigenous institutions to meet the challenges of ageing in Africa.
24
Ferreira, Monica (editor), Valerie Moller e HSRC/UCT Centre for Gerontology. "Southern African Journal of Gerontology, volume 6, number 2, October 1997". HSRC/UCT Centre for Gerontology, University of Cape Town, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012870.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
[From Editorial] This Special Issue of the Journal comprises a selection of papers based on research on ageing in African countries, which were read at the Third Global Conference. The papers were revised and peer reviewed prior to acceptance by the Journal. The theme of the Special Issue is "Ageing in urban and rural Africa." Each of the papers included in the issue deals with a situation of ageing-in-place, a late-life migratory pattern, or the impact, or implications of social forces and social change on older Africans, in either an urban and/or a rural setting, or in both types of settings in Africa. The papers also draw together the main sub-themes and strands of the conference, particularly those relating to the family, ubuntu, urbanization, AIDS, and income security and poverty.
25
Ferreira, Monica (editor), Valerie Moller e HSRC/UCT Centre for Gerontology. "Southern African Journal of Gerontology, volume 7, number 1, April 1998". HSRC/UCT Centre for Gerontology, University of Cape Town, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012871.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
[From Editorial] Each of the papers in this number of SAJG deals with dilemmas and issues in the matter of public and private care for older persons in southern Africa. Three papers deal explicitly with South Africa's social-security system·- specifically the old-age pension. Two papers deal with residential care models. And a sixth paper examines informal caregiving. In an expansive overview of public finance and ageing in South Africa, Van der Berg examines budgetary expenditure on the older population and places the magnitude and function of the social-pension system in perspective. The author briefly traces the historical evolution of the system. In a paper based on extensive archival research, Sagner details the history of the pension from 1920 to 1960 and shows that numerous contemporary pension-related issues are no different to issues of past decades. In her paper, Oakley examines the effects of recent changes in social-welfare policy on the residents and administrators of a home for marginalized older people in a remote South African town. She contends that new policy erroneously assumes that marginalized and historically disadvantaged older individuals are able to live self-sufficiently within the bosom of family - in a spirit of ubuntu. Ackermann and Matebesi report on a study of the experiences of carers of older family members in an African township and consider how these carers, who have few resources, could be assisted and supported in their care giving tasks. Mupedziswa describes the nature and functioning of an alternative residential care model in Zimbabwe - a cooperative living scheme specifically established to enable destitute and socially-impoverished older people to co-reside in a safe and mutually-supportive environment. Moller gives readers an insightful update and analysis of the January 1998 pension payment debacle in the Eastern Cape Province, when the payment of more than 600 000 pensioners was delayed because of provincial-government management errors. Finally, SAJG welcomes Wilson's announcement in a letter to the editor of the establishment of AFRIT A, whose aims are to promote and to co-ordinate linkages between training and research initiatives on ageing and policy structures in African countries.
26
Ferreira, Monica (editor), Valerie Moller e HSRC/UCT Centre for Gerontology. "Southern African Journal of Gerontology, volume 8, number 1, April 1999". HSRC/UCT Centre for Gerontology, University of Cape Town, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012912.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
[From Editorial] Several contemporary building blocks of African gerontology are used in the papers in this number of SAJG. First, Madzingira draws on 1990s' demographic data sources to examine selected levels, patterns and trends of population ageing in Zimbabwe. She briefly outlines implications of population ageing for socio-economic development in the country, and highlights critical areas such as the future of the family as a safety net for elders, inadequate social-security measures, health care provision, trends in consumption of goods and services, and the ageing population structure in the rural areas. Although based on a descriptive modernization theory model, the paper reflects the continued usefulness of the theory in highlighting the effects of structural lag, but avoids a reliance on stereotypes. Staying in Zimbabwe, Mupedziswa takes up feminist issues and critiques the plight of older female informal-sector traders and their gender-based cumulative disadvantage. The author pertinently and sympathetically examines the women's diminished access to power across the lifespan and their dilemma as they become increasingly frail. Refreshingly, he approaches his investigation from a political economy perspective, and considers the interdependence of this gender-differentiated age cohort and the social structure. Moving to Ghana, Adeku in his paper examines socio-demographic factors in the marital status of older persons. His findings highlight the greater proportion of widows in the older population, which gender differential he explains is a function of both a high mortality rate in older men and remarriage. He also specifically examines gender-based inheritance and other wealth transfer patterns - and hence uses both social exchange theory and political economy theory concepts for explanation, as well as draws on feminist theories to analyse the situations of the older women. Staying in Ghana, Darkwa gives his views on the health-care needs and challenges of older Ghanaians who reside in rural areas. Again, the author addresses a political economy issue, and makes suggestions on how the government could bridge the urban-rural health gap and improve both preventive and curative health-care service delivery to the vast majority of the older Ghanaian population which lives in the rural areas. He also introduces an intriguing notion of the role that communication technology can play in the future provision of health care to Africa's elderly. Finally, revisiting demographic and health transitions in Africa, their implications and related issues, Adamchak reviews the World Health Organization's 1997 report on Ageing in Africa, authored by Nana Araba Apt in Ghana. Adamchak evaluates this "overview" report and its relevance, and examines some of the historical and contemporary African gerontology building blocks with which the report is constructed.
27
Ferreira, Monica (editor), Valerie Moller e HSRC/UCT Centre for Gerontology. "Southern African Journal of Gerontology, volume 8, number 2, October 1999". HSRC/UCT Centre for Gerontology, University of Cape Town, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012913.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
[From Editorial] The papers included in this special issue highlight some of the issues of elderliness and old age in Africa outlined above. Using different disciplinary approaches, the papers should appeal to age-old researchers in varied fields. In a discussion of old age and ageing in pre-industrial Africa, Sagner moves away from the rather simplistic images of old age which still beset many African gerontologists. Drawing on the Xhosa-speaking peoples in the 19th century he argues that the experience of later life was shaped by gender, kinship and "class" differences as well as by biographical factors, making for a variety of later-life experiences. He points out that old age was not a clear-cut period of life with unique demographic, economic or social characteristics/ conditions, set apart from earlier life phases. However, he notes that (deep) old age was firmly tied to religious and metaphysical beliefs. He argues that loss of bodily functions in (deep) old age was hardly stigmatizing as the loss was socially constructed as a sign of increasing other-worldliness. By linking old age with superhuman agency, the ideological hegemony of old age remained unbroken, despite bodily decline, even though the latter could herald loss of this-worldly status and, finally, abandonment in the bush. Moller and Sotshangaye discuss contemporary relations between Zulu grandmothers and grandchildren in South Africa's KwaZulu-Natal province. Though the grandmothers whom the two authors interviewed expressed deep concern about losing the respect of their grandchildren, in the eyes of the latter old age is, surprisingly, not denigrated as a possible source of moral guidance. Moller and Sotshangaye point out that strains in the grandmothers-grandchildren relationship are located in the rapidly changing social context which easily tends to outdate the elders' teaching, rather than in the intergenerational politics of the family per se. Paradoxically, however, macro-social changes have also led to a re-strengthening of the grandmothers' moral authority. The paper also shows that successful ageing- in the sense of one's personal happiness in old age - is, at least partly, relational defined.Moving northwards up the subcontinent to Mozambique, da Silva records the results of a case study on the situation of older people who had to cope with several long-standing wars and natural disasters in their lifetimes. She analyses the repercussions which endured displacements, forced migrations and other war-related life-course experiences had on the lives of today's elderly, both at the personal and social level. In detailing social policy propositions she reminds us that there is a fundamental divergence between how older people are represented in some authoritative discourses and the social reality of old age. To overcome the prevailing negative representations of old age is of utmost practical importance, as the problematicity image encourages non-participatory government approaches and hinders thus the empowerment of the elderly. Turning to a methodological plane, Mommersteeg details some of the problems - and advantages - which the use of interpreters in qualitative research settings entail. In keeping with a hermeneutic approach, he shows that the interpreter is in fact a culture broker, rather than a mere provider of a linguistically correct translation. Mommersteeg's paper illustrates very well that interviews which are mediated through interpreters are not dialogically but triologically constituted, as are their "products" - the storied voices of the interviewees. In her article, Coetzee reports on exploratory field research in an old-age centre outside Bloemfontein in South Africa's Free State province. Based on participant observation and in-depth interviews she finds that elderly residents experience old age negatively. Though this subjective reality partly reflects the residents' difficulties in adjusting to their ageing bodies, it is mainly grounded in her subjects' difficulties to construct a framework within which their present position in the world could be instilled with personal/social meaning. Coetzee' s paper stresses both the relevance of a life course perspective and a gender-sensitive approach to the study of old-age experience.
28
Ferreira, Monica (editor), Valerie Moller e HSRC/UCT Centre for Gerontology. "Southern African Journal of Gerontology, volume 1, number 1, October 1992". HSRC/UCT Centre for Gerontology, University of Cape Town, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012658.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Southern African Journal of Gerontology; Produced within the framework of the Co-operative Research Programme on AgeingThe broad social issue of generational competition versus generational interdependence is discussed. The way elders are housed offers an excellent example of how benefits putatively allocated to older people in fact more often than not subsume benefits to family members of all ages. Data on generationally shared households from a number of countries and the results of recent studies from the United States are discussed in this context. Separate housing of generations is often preferred where feasible. Where economic, environmental. health, or social needs of either elder or young generations make autonomous households dysfunctional, members of each generation show in their household-formative behaviour their willingness to assist the other generation .
29
Ferreira, Monica (editor), Valerie Moller e HSRC/UCT Centre for Gerontology. "Southern African Journal of Gerontology, volume 4, number 2, October 1995". HSRC/UCT Centre for Gerontology, University of Cape Town, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012864.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This special issue of SAJG on "The family and ageing in Africa" marks yet another step in the annals of the African Gerontological Society (AGES). The first major step was taken in December 1993 when the society held its first workshop in Accra, Ghana to discuss an agenda on ageing. The results of the workshop were published under the title Effective responses to ageing in Africa by the year 2000 (Apt, Bester & Insley, 1995). Twenty years ago it would have been an impossible task to assemble African scientists and social welfare practitioners to discuss the subject of ageing. Very little researched information existed then and many African governments were likely to assert that ageing was no problem in their country. Even in the 1980s a great deal of scepticism existed in Africa about the need for African gerontology research. Today, and taking a cue from the deliberations of the first AGES workshop, there is no country in our region that is not confronted with the negative impacts of development and urbanization as their country charts its route towards modernization. Even though an ageing agenda still has a low profile on the economic desks of many African governments, the realisation that there are indeed difficulties to be overcome regarding the care of elderly people in Africa is widespread.
30
Ferreira, Monica (editor), Valerie Moller e HSRC/UCT Centre for Gerontology. "Southern African Journal of Gerontology, volume 5, number 1, April 1996". HSRC/UCT Centre for Gerontology, University of Cape Town, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012865.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
[From Editorial] This issue comprises a transdisciplinary mix of interesting and relevant papers ranging from a community-development intervention, to gerontolinguistics, to guidelines for new legislation, to community services in China. The issue begins with an article on infrastructure and equity for the elderly, in which authors Ross, Lerer and Phillips investigate the attitudes of older residents of Elim, a village situated in South Africa's Western Cape province, towards electrification of their village and homes. The creation of basic infrastructure in historically-disadvantaged areas throughout South Africa is a priority under the government's RDP. However, in this case study of Elim, the utility company which provides electricity to the village failed to consult the elderly residents on the developmental intervention and the benefits which electrification might have for them. The majority of the older residents who were interviewed were consequently negative about this new energy source. The advantages which electricity has over other fuels have distinct health and other developmental benefits, and in rural households older members are important decision makers on energy use. The study's findings indicate that developmental interventions in ruralbased communities should include a social-marketing component targeting older members of the community. The article by Makoni on discourse practices in first-time encounters between old and young Xhosa-speaking women represents an exciting development in gerontological research in the Southern African region. As far as we know, this is a first report on a linguistics study in an older population in the region. In his analysis of the conversations, Makoni notes the sociohistorical background against which the old women try to retain status and respect. He points out that while the elderly are a marginalized group, the youth in South African society have become empowered through their contributions to the political changes, which along with other social changes are seen by some to destabilize traditional seniority respect norms.In his article Van Dokkum makes out a case for the development of legislation to protect older South Africans against abuse. He uses examples of new South African legislation to deter child abuse and vast legislation in the United States to protect older Americans, in outlining a proposal for local activists to campaign for adequate protection of elderly citizens. Zhu gives us an update on a massive community social-services programme for older people being implemented in the People's Republic of China. The programme partly aims to assist an increasing number of older people who find that they are no longer able to live with kin and must live independently. The programme already serves a staggering proportion of China's 104 million persons aged 60 years and above, although it is estimated that it currently only meets 30 percent of the demand. pensions and household structure in Namibia by Adamchak published in SAJG Volume 4, No 2 (October 1995), and Adamchak's response are welcome additions to this number. The journal encourages debate on papers that it publishes, and the letters also reflect the development and growth of gerontology and research on ageing in the Southern African region. Finally, gerontolinguist Makoni reviews Hamilton's (1994) book in which the author analyses her conversations with Elsie, an Alzheimer's disease patient in a "total institution" (Goffman, 1961). The book contributes to understanding of losses and changes in language use in sufferers of this disease as the dementia progresses. Makoni proposes topics for studies on this subject which might be carried out in Southern African countries, where the majority of dementing older Africans are cared for within the community and not in a long-term care institution.
31
Ferreira, Monica (editor), Valerie Moller e HSRC/UCT Centre for Gerontology. "Southern African Journal of Gerontology, volume 5, number 2, October 1996". HSRC/UCT Centre for Gerontology, University of Cape Town, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012867.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The October 1996 number of SAJG is a special issue on "Gender, ageing and empowerment in Africa." The guest editor of the special issue is Maria Cattell of Millersville University, Pennsylvania, USA, who has conducted substantial research on older Kenyans and more recently on Zulu grandmothers. Dr Cattell is the President of the global Association of Anthropology and Gerontology (AAGE). The issue will comprise research papers from authors in several African countries, and will provide valuable data and experience of ageing in Africa for transnational comparison.
32
Ferreira, Monica (editor), Valerie Moller e HSRC/UCT Centre for Gerontology. "Southern African Journal of Gerontology, volume 7, number 2, October 1998". HSRC/UCT Centre for Gerontology, University of Cape Town, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012911.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
[From Editorial] Articles in this Special Issue on health and ageing in Africa come from a broad spectrum of disciplines and the articles reflect a wide range of topics. Three contributions deal with the maintenance of good health. Remaining active is a key component of successful ageing which minimizes the loss of functional independence in the elderly. An investigation of the role of gender in the analysis of gait of older people by Macfarlane, Nicholson and Muller provides important methodological information which may be applied in practical outcomes-based assessments. The development of a reliable tool to assess gait, as a measure of lower-extremity function, is thus pertinent. There is growing evidence that good nutritional status is an important determinant of optimal cognitive and physical functioning in older people and influences both quality of life and health status. In a study of institutionalized elderly women in Cape Town, Charlton, Joosen and Jaffer report a high prevalence of suboptimal vitamin C status. The authors make out a case for low-dose micro-nutrient supplementation in residents of homes for the aged, particularly in homes where a cook-chill catering system is operated. They suggest that ongoing nutritional assessment should be an integral part of the care of older residents. In keeping with the topic of nutrition, Walker, a prolific author on public health issues in Africa over the past 50 years, has contributed a guest column in which he addresses the nutrition-ageing paradigm from an epidemiological viewpoint. He highlights opportunities for high-quality research on the association between life-style factors and healthy ageing in the continent. Moving on to a specific form of health-care delivery, Makoni examines language practices in the care that is rendered to older residents of a Cape Town nursing home. He describes barriers in communication between nursing staff and residents from different ethnic backgrounds, which compromise the quality of care that is rendered and which may result in conflict and tension between staff and residents. In her article, Tlou evaluates a community-based programme in which older women who live in rural areas of Botswana are trained to educate members of their communities in the prevention of the spread of the HIV I AIDS virus. The findings demonstrate the benefits of targeting lay persons for health education activities in rural Africa and the utilization of older persons, in this case women, as a valuable resource. The special issue also includes two opinion pieces and an item which opens debate. In separate contributions, Wilson and Duodu examine challenges facing effective health-care service delivery systems for older persons in African countries and express their opinions in this regard. Wilson's suggestions for multidisciplinary specialist teams, including incontinence teams, nutrition teams and vision teams, and for the development of training for lay people to become generic " rehabilitation assistants," are examples of appropriate community-based African solutions to health service delivery needs of the older population. Duodo makes similar suggestions to those of Wilson, specifically regarding geriatric care service delivery in Ghana. He also highlights the common practice of traditional self-medication in rural-dwelling older Ghanaians. Readers are invited to comment on, and indeed to augment, the authors' opinions in Letters to the Editor. To date, very little work has been done in South Africa on biological aspects of ageing. In a short contribution on the free radical theory of ageing, Van Rensburg and Potocnik open debate on this topic. Once again, readers are invited to contribute to debate in this area in letters to the editor, for publication in the following number of the journal.
33
Ferreira, Monica (editor), Valerie Moller e HSRC/UCT Centre for Gerontology. "Southern African Journal of Gerontology, volume 9, number 1, April 2000". HSRC/UCT Centre for Gerontology, University of Cape Town, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012914.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
[From Editorial] Four of the five articles in this issue either deal explicitly with or refer to the effects of the AIDS epidemics in the authors' countries. The fifth paper deals with late-life chronic diseases of life-style. In the first paper, Akinsola examines effects of the epidemic on older Batswana and evaluates the effectiveness of his country's Community Home-Based Care programme against the programme's objectives, with special reference to the situation of older persons as primary caregivers to PWAs and AIDS orphans. He concludes that the situation of older carers calls for strong and urgent policy action to assist this highly vulnerable and marginalized group in its critical and valuable role and function as carers. In her paper on the provision of housing and care for older persons in Zambia, Sichingabula considers implications of the anticipated increases in AIDS morbidity and mortality, in the form of an increased demand for formal housing and care by older Zambians in the face of diminished traditional support. Given effects of the country's Structural Adjustment Programme and the Zambian government's inability to expand provision of formal support for the older population, the author makes recommendations for initiatives which NGOs can undertake towards meeting the needs and improving the quality of life of older persons. Next, Shaibu examines the experiences of caregivers to older persons in Botswana within a context of pervasive, abject poverty and multiple, unmet basic needs. The author notes how the HIV I AIDS epidemic, in addition to other social forces, impacts family structures and the capacity of Batswana to care for older relatives. In their paper, authors Patel, Steyn, Charlton, Bourne, Laubscher, Fourie and Jooste describe the risk-factor profile for chronic diseases of life-style, such as hypertension, hypercholesterolaemia and obesity, in the older black population of Cape Town and compare it with risk profiles in other South African ethnic groups. The authors note that although the study population is still at low risk of cardiovascular disease - for example, demographic changes, including urbanisation and the adoption of urban life-styles, are likely to lead to an increase in chronic morbidity in future older cohorts in this population. In a second paper, Sichingabula assesses the physical and social environment of Divine Providence Home, a residential care facility for destitute older persons in Lusaka, Zambia. She draws practitioners' attention to the prudence of incorporating design features in facilities built for older persons which enhance the users' mobility, independence and quality of life. She also highlights a lack of social stimulation and the inactivity of the residents at the home. The author makes the point that given an anticipated increased demand for admission to residential care facilities as a result of AIDS-related deaths and loss of traditional support for older persons, living environments in these facilities must be optimized. In sum, the AIDS-related research papers in this number highlight a need to identify and to strengthen social and care systems which can assist older persons in Africa, as traditional systems are increasingly affected by demographic forces, particularly the effects of the HIV/AIDS epidemics. Finally, Moller reviews a recent, landmark Help Age International report (1999), which is a compilation of 15 papers on ageing in developing countries and challenges facing research, policy and practice.
34
Ferreira, Monica (editor), Valerie Moller e HSRC/UCT Centre for Gerontology. "Southern African Journal of Gerontology, volume 9, number 2, October 2000". HSRC/UCT Centre for Gerontology, University of Cape Town, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012915.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
[From Editorial] In this special issue of SAJG, an attempt is made to demonstrate how a selection of studies were conducted and how the research outcomes have been translated into action. Heslop, Agyarko, Adjetey-Sorsey and Mapetla give us a paper in which they have evaluated the methodology used in studies in Ghana and South Africa to determine the contributions of older people. After long periods of implementation and learning, this participatory-research methodology has become synonymous with HAl's research work. The authors take us through the methodology, describe the studies carried out in the two countries, and provide us with a vivid picture of not only the problems which older people in the countries face, but also the immense contribution which they make to the well-being of other people. The impact which this work has had in both countries is notable. Older participants in the studies have taken it upon themselves to advocate their rights, and the governments in the two countries have started to put measures in place to address some of the problems identified in the studies. The paper by Van Vuuren and Groenewald examines the pattern of expenditure of pension income by black pension beneficiaries in the Free State Province of South Africa, against a backdrop of these persons' living circumstances. It goes into detail about issues regarding the payment of pensions, pension sharing within households and expenditure of pension money on specific items, and challenges allegations that pensioners are frequently robbed of their pension money and that they lose this income to loan sharks. Some of the findings of this paper contrast with the findings of the HAl studies conducted with partners in the Northem, Gauteng and Kwazulu-Natal provinces of South Africa (see the first paper in this issue by Heslop and colleagues). In their paper, Kowal, Wolfson and Dowd point out that there is a dearth of empirical and credible data on older people in Africa. Although some research has been conducted on this population, the authors note that by and large the available data derive from small samples, are scattered, and have neither been widely disseminated nor shared. The authors further note a lack of common approaches to data collection. Realising these gaps, the World Health Organisation arranged a workshop in Harare, Zimbabwe in January 2000, to begin a process to develop a minimum data set (MDS) for use by researchers in Africa. An overall aim of the MDS project is to provide data to influence policy and decision makers in various areas which affect older persons.Needs-driven research on nutrition and ageing, carried out by HAl in collaboration with the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, is reported by Busolo, Ismail and Peachey in their paper. Nutrition and ageing in developing countries is an area which bas received scant attention. The nutritional requirements of older persons in these countries have not only been inadequately investigated but as a result, nutrition practitioners in various settings simply shoot in the dark. The authors take us down the path which the research took, from bow the needs were identified, to how the research was conducted, to how an intervention programme was set up. They give us some key findings of the research, describe the dissemination process and the application of the findings, and suggest a way forward. An Africa-wide programme currently being implemented as a direct result of this work is aimed at providing knowledge and information on the nutritional requirements of older people to key nutrition institutes, older people's organisations, N GOs (particularly those working in emergency situations), donors and governments. HelpAge International earlier conducted research in the Magu district of Tanzania on the plight of older women who are victimised on suspicion of their being witches (cf. Forrester Kibuga, 1999). Forrester Kibuga and Dianga now draw on this work in their paper. The authors take us through facts pertaining to the witchcraft-related killings, some of the problems which older people in the district face, the changing roles of older people in that area, beliefs and customs of the communities, and the stance of the government and the church on witchcraft. The dynamics of gender issues are also discussed. Following on this research, HAl designed and is now implementing a programme aimed at addressing some of the factors which lead up to these killings and developing sustainable structures to protect older people from violence. In his paper, Gorman draws on the work of HAl in various parts of the world, particularly in Africa - including Tanzania, Ghana, South Africa and Kenya. He argues that violence against older women and men in Africa cannot be attributed to a single, straight-forward problem but must be understood within a complex web that touches on history, family structures, and social and economic factors. He makes practical suggestions on what needs to be done to deal with the problem of violence. HelpAge International will soon be implementing an Africa-wide programme as a response to some of the issues which have been raised in its research on violence. While there is a clear need for more research on ageing in Africa, the research should not be done in a vacuum. There is a simultaneous need for greater collaboration and sharing of research results, and perhaps most importantly, for more action based on research outcomes. At the end of the day researchers should never forget that they have an ethical commitment to their subjects, to society and to their colleagues.
Thanks are due to Karen Peachey and Alex Dianga in the HAl Africa Regional Development Centre for the co-ordination of this special issue. Special thanks are due to Monica Ferreira for dedicating the issue to the experience and work of HAl, and for her commitment to addressing issues pertaining to ageing in Africa. She has worked tirelessly to ensure the success of not only this issue of SAJG but of previous issues as well. I have found her a pillar of support and a pleasure to work with. Tavengwa M. Nhongo.
35
Teixeira, Jullyanne Marques Sousa. "O gerontólogo como gestor do cuidado formal domiciliar: um olhar da fenomenologia social". Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/100/100141/tde-22052018-193534/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
À medida que o ser humano envelhece as doenças crônicas tornam-se mais frequentes, o que faz com que os idosos necessitem de mais atenção à saúde. Paralelo a este cenário, a estrutura familiar brasileira vem passando por modificações e, atualmente, fica cada vez mais difícil que o cuidado fornecido ao idoso venha de membros da família. Muitas empresas privadas já contam com a oferta de cuidadores de idosos para atendimento domiciliar, outras poucas estão utilizando um novo formato de assistência à saúde do idoso, com a inclusão de gerontólogos na gestão do cuidado. Objetivo: compreender o significado do gerontólogo bacharel como gestor do cuidado formal domiciliar, através da perspectiva dos gerontólogos e cuidadores formais envolvidos diretamente no cuidado ao idoso. Método: A pesquisa foi qualitativa e teve como referencial metodológico a fenomenologia social. Foram entrevistados 20 participantes, que trabalhavam em empresas de atendimento domiciliar localizadas na cidade de São Paulo, sendo 15 cuidadores formais e cinco gerontólogos. Os depoimentos foram coletados por meio de perguntas norteadoras, gravados e transcritos. Para análise dos dados foi realizada a categorização dos significados a partir da redução fenomenológica. Resultados: a partir dos depoimentos foi possível verificar que os gerontólogos zelam pelo cuidado à saúde do idoso; capacitam e orientam os cuidadores de idosos; dão suporte integral e eficaz aos cuidadores; administram as informações; dão orientação e suporte aos familiares; unem a equipe interprofissional, familiares e cuidadores; gerenciam os conflitos familiares; auxiliam o cuidador no processo de adaptação com o paciente; entre outras categorias. Conclusão: A compreensão dos significados do gerontólogo como gestor do cuidado formal domiciliar mostra que este profissional, com sua formação generalista e interdisciplinar sobre o envelhecimento e a velhice, consegue desenvolver uma visão integral do idoso, compreender e atender suas necessidades biopsicossociais, trabalhar em equipe e atuar ativamente na assistência. Todos os cuidadores entrevistados apresentam uma visão definida e positiva em relação à atuação do gerontólogo. Enfatizaram que a falta de uma gestão gerontológica afeta diretamente na qualidade do cuidado prestado ao idosoAs the human being ages, chronic diseases become more frequent, which makes the elderly need more attention to health. In parallel to this scenario, the Brazilian family structure has been undergoing changes and, at present, it is increasingly difficult for the family members to provide the care needed by the elderly. Many private companies already have the supply of caregivers of elderly people for home care, others are using a new form of health care for the elderly, with the inclusion of gerontologists in the management of care. Objective: to understand the meaning of the bachelor gerontologist as manager of the formal home care, from the perspective of gerontologists and formal caregivers directly involved in care for the elderly. Method: The research is qualitative and had as methodological reference the social phenomenology. Twenty participants were interviewed, who work in home care companies located in the city of São Paulo, 15 formal caregivers and five gerontologists. The testimonies were collected through guiding questions, recorded and transcribed. For the analysis of the data the categorization of the meanings was carried out from the phenomenological reduction. Results: from the testimony it was possible to verify that the gerontologists: care for the health care of the elderly; train and mentor caregivers of the elderly; provide comprehensive and effective support to caregivers; manage the information; give guidance and support to family members; unite interprofessional staff, family members and caregivers; manage family conflicts; assist the caregiver in the process of adaptation with the patient; among other categories. Conclusion: The understanding of the gerontologist\'s meanings as a manager of formal home care shows that this professional, with his general and interdisciplinary training on aging and old age, is able to develop an integral view of the elderly, understand and respond to their biopsychosocial needs, work as a team and act actively in the care. All caregivers interviewed present a definite and positive view regarding the performance of the gerontologist. They emphasized that the lack of gerontological management directly affects the quality of care provided to the elderly
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Folden, H. Eugene. "Close-in-time-deaths : a phenomenological investigation of the bereavement-mortality relationship in a sample of now deceased older widowed men /". The Ohio State University, 1995. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487867541730902.
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Berglund, Lars. "Measurement Variability Related to Insulin Secretion and Sensitivity : Assessment and Implications in Epidemiological Studies". Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-99636.
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Newby, Paula. "Course Content of Sociology of Aging and Social Gerontology Syllabi: Interdisciplinary Relations". TopSCHOLAR®, 2002. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/625.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The United States is undergoing a major increase in a segment of the population we socially define and understand as aged. By the year 2030 approximately one in every five Americans will be 65 years or older. Because the concept of age is encompassed in our everyday world of social reality, it is a subject matter for the discipline of sociology. Aging is also recognized as a subject matter for courses in social gerontology, which incorporates a multidisciplinary approach with material from social, psychological, and biological areas. This research endeavor constitutes a content analysis of course syllabi found in the 5th edition of Teaching Sociology of Aging and the Life Course, an instructional resource publication available through the American Sociology Association, to gain insight into the way sociology constructs and presents the study of aging in sociology of aging courses as opposed to courses in social gerontology. The presence of seven sociological concepts, as well as psychological and biological references, is examined and compared in syllabi from the two areas of aging study. Results show the main differences between the two types of syllabi are that social gerontology focuses on psychological issues and sociology of aging emphasizes social roles. Both areas of study are somewhat similar, for both contain concepts in areas referencing roles, norms, stratification, and population. Social gerontology syllabi appear to have a significantly higher presence of psychological references than does sociology of aging and slightly more reference to biological references than does sociology of aging.
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Engelbrecht, Carol A. "A case for the inclusion of educational gerontology in adult education programs in Australian universities". Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2008. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/16657/1/Carol_Anne_Engelbrecht_Thesis.pdf.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
At the intersection of adult education and social gerontology, and propelled by the ageing phenomenon, educational gerontology has a critical place in the study of older adult education. To contend with older learners' needs, professional adult educators require an enhanced preparation, and concomitance to a reinvigoration of current adult learning programs to include the constructs of educational gerontology and the geragogical imperative. Through survey and interviews, this research investigated evidence of, and the capacity for, Australian Adult Education programs and Ageing Research centres to meet this requirement. Results of this case study indicate a paucity of evidence of educational gerontology in adult education programs, coupled with significant potential for capacity development in this field through collaboration with Ageing Research initiatives. The findings suggest an expansion of current curriculum in adult education programs to include aspects of educational gerontology, professional development of Adult Education academics in the specialized area of educational gerontology, and broader adult education engagement with external stakeholders and the ageing research community as a contribution to social betterment.
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Engelbrecht, Carol A. "A case for the inclusion of educational gerontology in adult education programs in Australian universities". Queensland University of Technology, 2008. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16657/.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
At the intersection of adult education and social gerontology, and propelled by the ageing phenomenon, educational gerontology has a critical place in the study of older adult education. To contend with older learners' needs, professional adult educators require an enhanced preparation, and concomitance to a reinvigoration of current adult learning programs to include the constructs of educational gerontology and the geragogical imperative. Through survey and interviews, this research investigated evidence of, and the capacity for, Australian Adult Education programs and Ageing Research centres to meet this requirement. Results of this case study indicate a paucity of evidence of educational gerontology in adult education programs, coupled with significant potential for capacity development in this field through collaboration with Ageing Research initiatives. The findings suggest an expansion of current curriculum in adult education programs to include aspects of educational gerontology, professional development of Adult Education academics in the specialized area of educational gerontology, and broader adult education engagement with external stakeholders and the ageing research community as a contribution to social betterment.
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Basa, Ranor C. B. "ERC Accumulation and Premature Aging: An Investigation of the Deletion of ASH1 in the Budding Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae". Scholarship @ Claremont, 2006. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/pomona_theses/119.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This thesis concerns the asymmetric mechanism by which the "molecular aging clock" is reset in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which is of great interest considering that many organisms' cells--including human stem cells--undergo this process. When yeast divides, it ages a generation, while daughter cells begin life at generation zero. One theory surrounding this process in yeast is the extrachromosomal rDNA circle (ERC) aging theory. ERCs are generated spontaneously in mother cells as they age, and thus accumulate exponentially in older cells. Daughter cells from young mothers benefit from asymmetric aging, but as mothers age, they produce daughters that prematurely senesce. Studies suggested that ERCs may be a cytoplasmic senescence factor that is passed from mother to daughter as the mother ages, possibly due to the mother's inability to maintain cellular pathways responsible for asymmetric processes as she ages. ASH1 is a gene that encodes an asymmetrically-distributed protein that halts expression of HO endonuclease--an enzyme critical to mating-type switch--in daughter cells. Previous studies in our lab showed that deleting ASH1 led to a decrease in daughter lifespan compared to wild-type strains. In this thesis, I present evidence of a possible connection between ASH1 and cell cycle regulation. Furthermore, the detection of ERC accumulation via Southern blotting in the mutant ASH1 strain, but not the wild-type strain, provides support that ERCs may be a senescence factor in yeast. Lastly, preliminary microarray analysis reveals several genes related to cell cycle regulation being affected by the deletion of ASH1.
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Johnson, Dunisha Y. "AGING SERVICES PROFESSIONALS’ VIEWS OF BARRIERS FACED BY MINORITIES IN ACCESSING THE LOCAL AGING NETWORK". Miami University / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1145631548.
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Rhodus, Elizabeth K. "TOWARD AN UNDERSTANDING OF BEHAVIORAL AND SENSORY EXPERIENCES WHEN LIVING WITH DEMENTIA AND RELATED DISORDERS: AN ENVIRONMENTAL GERONTOLOGY PERSPECTIVE". UKnowledge, 2019. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/gerontol_etds/15.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia create challenges for those living with neurodegenerative cognitive impairment and their care partners. Pharmacological approaches for treatment of challenging behaviors seen in dementia have limited success and serious side effects. Because of this, nonpharmacological approaches are being investigated with increasing frequency. Of particular interest are nonpharmacological approaches involving environmental stimulation to change behaviors. Success of such approaches relies on sensory processing systems, personal preferences, and environmental congruence. There is limited evidence describing behaviors of persons with cognitive impairment in relation to these components. Currently, there is no guiding model for implementation of environmental and sensory-based strategies with this population. The overall goal of this project is to elaborate on an emerging model describing the relationship among environment, behavior, sensation, and cognitive impairment for community-dwelling adults with mild cognitive impairment or dementia.
Three studies allow for deeper understanding of this relationship. Study one compared behaviors seen in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) with exhibited behaviors of individuals with mild cognitive impairment or dementia. Of neurological conditions similar to dementia, ASD has been chosen as an exemplar for comparison of behavioral expression because evidence supports sensory-based theory and interventions to improve behaviors for those with ASD. Results indicate that ASD behaviors are reported in those assessed, with highest rates of behaviors in those with young age of onset and advanced cognitive impairment severity.
Study two described presentation of behavior, sensory processing, and environment for community-dwelling adults with cognitive impairment in the context of the caregiver situation. Findings reflect dyadic experiences for the person with cognitive impairment and the primary care partner. Emergent themes included consideration of the passage of time, environmental contexts, behavioral adjustments while aging, and overall influences of living with cognitive impairment. Sensory processing assessment using the Adult Sensory Profile identified that all participants had some atypical sensory processing patterns, highlighting a need for attention to environmental congruence to promote adaptive behaviors.
Using data collected in study one and study two, a model was created describing interactions among the person with cognitive impairment, sensation, and the environment as these interactions evolve over time. Areas for future research are conceptualized for implementation of the model. Future research is needed for assessment of the model to test for validity and reliability. Creation of an instrument is needed to place individuals within the model given their behavior and cognitive impairment progression. And, future research is needed to create and test interventions in order to aid in environmental congruence. Long-term goals are to improve care for adults with cognitive impairment and dementia via environmental interventions.
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Laditka, James Nicholas. "Health outcome disparities associated with access to primary care for vulnerable groups: Hospitalization for ambulatory care sensitive conditions". Related electronic resource: Current Research at SU : database of SU dissertations, recent titles available full text, 2002. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/syr/main.
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Nadeau, Elizabeth M. "Baby Boomer Generation's Knowledge of Alzheimer's Disease". Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10603977.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
The purpose of this study was to investigate Baby Boomers? knowledge of Alzheimer?s disease (AD) and how a boomer?s age, race/ethnicity, sex, and contact with the disease were associated with knowledge levels. Knowledge was tested using the Alzheimer?s Disease Knowledge Scale (ADKS). Results included 86 participants and indicated that there was a direct relationship between the age of Baby Boomers and their overall knowledge of AD in that the older the individual the more knowledgeable they were about AD. Furthermore, the following results were obtained about knowledge of AD based on the subscales of the ADKS: the older an individual, the more knowledge they had about symptoms, females were less knowledgeable about the risk factors than males in the sample, Hispanics were less knowledgeable about assessment and diagnosis of AD than other ethnicities, the longer an individual had contact with someone with AD, the more knowledgeable they were on the course of the disease process.
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Powell, Mebane E. "Impact of Psychological Maltreatment during Childhood by One's Maternal Figure on the Mental and Physical Health of Older Adult Men". Thesis, Fordham University, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10682882.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This dissertation investigated the impact of maternal emotional maltreatment on older adult men with respect to mental, physical, substance abuse, and employment outcomes. The goal of this study was to explore and explain how the role of protective factors across the life span of older adult men who experienced psychological maltreatment from their maternal figures impacted their mental and physical health. Specifically, a secondary data analysis was conducted on the National Survey of Midlife Development in the United States (MIDUS) dataset to explore the overall aim of the study. This dissertation also investigated the intersection of demographics of advantaged and disadvantaged older adult men and these same outcomes.
The presence of poorer mental and physical health outcomes, along with an increase in alcohol-related problems among these men was noted only when examining those who were more disadvantaged in terms of family configuration and financial wellbeing in early childhood. Results also found significant differences in individuals who attrited from the study on outcomes measures. Future research should explore way to combat attrition in populations who have experience trauma. Policy and practice approaches should utilize a trauma-informed approach to ensure a gender informed approach to prevent men from being re-traumatized. Furthermore, utilization of a public health model for prevention strategies as well as to identify and serve those at-risk is of utmost importance as emotional abuse is challenging social workers to identify.
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Gamboa, Desirae C. "Gerontological Curriculum for Active Public Conservators". Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10690946.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Demographics in the United States are changing, and there is a larger older adult population than ever before. While some older adults have aged healthily and can maintain their own health and finances, that is not the case for other older adults. Older adults aging with dementia and other incapacitating illnesses, with no family or friends to assist them, may be referred for probate conservatorship. The purpose of this project was to revise an existing curriculum to train new conservators about the aging process, legal process of conservatorship, and estate management. By understanding these components of conservatorship, new conservators will be able to provide better service to conservatees. This project will utilize classroom training in addition to shadow training with conservators and conservatees. The training was reviewed by an expert panel and revised to its final version. It will be provided to the Office of the Public Guardian for implementation.
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Way, A. Rosanne. "The feminist attributes of leadership in service to community: Life history interviews with 12 exemplary Canadian women age 70 plus". Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/6423.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
This exploratory study addressed two research questions: What are the perspectives on patterns and themes in the life development of exemplary Canadian women over the age of 70 who have been active in leadership roles in volunteer and/or paid work in their communities? Do these patterns and themes support the concept of the Feminist Attributes of Leadership (caring, courage, collaboration, vision, and intuition) within a relational leadership context as identified by Regan and Brooks (1995)? Following a qualitative research design with twelve participants who were leading active, exemplary lives in late adulthood, data were collected in three phases: (1) Individual interviews designed to elicit recollections of leadership experience and a brief life history. (2) Focus groups in which participants discussed their leadership experience and involvement in pro-social activities. (3) A questionnaire completed by someone selected by the participants and able to offer another perspective on their lives and leadership contribution. Analysis revealed that the women were characterized by the descriptors wise, courageous, and action-oriented. Each in her own way, given her varied opportunities and gifts, had lived the well-lived life. Each had made an exemplary contribution to her community over a period of many years. Each was in the process of successfully resolving Erikson's eighth psycho-social crisis, integrity vs. despair (Erikson, 1982). Support was found for Regan & Brooks (1995) Feminist Attributes of Leadership within a Relational Leadership style. A new model, The Exemplary Leadership Model, was created to summarize the findings. It presents a perspective on leadership featuring the descriptors wise, courageous, and action-oriented. The "L" of Exemplary Leadership is firmly embedded within the "C" of Caring, and grounded on a three tier foundation. Social conscience, arising out of love, empathy, sympathy, and identity is the upper tier of the model's foundation. The first tier consists of family, community, culture, and social connectedness. Results of the study have implications for those who work with the elderly and for those involved in education, leadership, community activism, and volunteerism.
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Gaudette, Leslie Ann. "Should population-based screening for breast cancer be extended to Canadian women aged 70 to 79? A model-based approach". Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/9041.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Statement of problem. This thesis applied established criteria for evaluation of a screening program to assess the population health impacts of extending population-based breast cancer screening to Canadian women aged 70 to 79. Methods. Experimental evidence was systematically reviewed, complemented by analyses of Canadian data for incidence, mortality, screening participation and treatment patterns for women aged 70 to 79. The MISCAN micro-simulation model was adapted to the Canadian population to assess benefits and harms. Results. Compared to stopping at age 69 and depending upon the level of screening participation and sojourn time, continuing to screen women aged 70 to 79 resulted in an estimated 530 to 547 false positive mammograms per 10,000 screens, 20 to 40 additional biopsies, 10 to 25 "extra" cancers, and 12.2 to 13.7 prevented cancer deaths, while 30 fewer women will be diagnosed with stage T2+ cancer. About 110 life-years will be gained per 10,000 screens, with 210 to 440 life-years lived in lead-time. Quality adjustment of life-years gained reduced the benefit by up to 31% to 48% with a 5% discount factor for shorter vs longer sojoum times respectively. Between 733 and 821 screens will be needed to avert one breast cancer death, with an overall gain in life expectancy of about 4 days per screen. Overall, an estimated 459 breast cancer deaths can be prevented per year in Canada if the national target level of 70% screening participation is reached. Conclusion. Overall, results indicate favourable population health impacts of extending breast cancer screening to screen women aged 70 to 79. More work is needed to discern the sojourn time and the costs associated with the benefits.
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Holdway, Kathleen M. B. "Perceptions, attitudes, and subjective norms influencing the decisions of physically frail seniors to exercise or not to exercise: An application of the theory of planned behavior". Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/9195.
Testo completoAbstract (sommario):
Guided by the Theory of planned Behavior (TPB), this study was an exploratory investigation of attitudinal, normative, and perceptual determinants of exercise behavior among community residing older adults who reported difficulties in performing one or more activities of daily living. The objectives of this study were: (1) to determine the relationship between various components of the TPB model and exercise behavior in a sample of community-dwelling physically frail older adults aged 65 and over, and (2) to examine the differences between "low actives" and "high actives" with respect to the TPB variables and selected sociodemographic and health-related characteristics. This descriptive comparative study involved two phases: (1) instrument development to measure the TPB constructs and pilot testing on a purposive sample of 10 seniors; and (2) a cross-sectional survey of a convenience sample of 99 community-dwelling seniors in the Ottawa-Carleton Region. Subjects were recruited from a variety of community settings, using both direct (in-person) and indirect (key informant) approaches. Data were collected through interviewer-administered questionnaires. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)